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Topic introduction.
Jumrud industrial state is located in Hayatabad Peshawar. It’s the
biggest industrial area in Khyber pukhtoon khowa. In this
particular area many industries are running producing Goods and
services. On one side it is providing opportunities for employment
but on other side its producing pollutions, pollution, water
pollution, noise pollution and toxic wastes. Jamrud Industrial
Estate is not a specialized industrial estate; a wide range of
different industries coexists there. These industries range from
ceramics to match industries, and from ghee to pharmaceutical
industries. There are differing toxins and other gases that one
industry produce, and is harmful to other industry.
There is also a foul and pungent smell that is prevalent
throughout the industrial state.
These factors are very demoralizing to the employees, and
harmful for the industry, hence, no industry is safe form it.
They are also some serious problems and factors which should be
discuss shortly.
Gale:
Strong winds, due to raising deforestation, and the rising desertification rate of NWFP; strong
winds arise from Bara region towards the Jamrud Industrial Estate.
Frontier Foundry leaves its solid waste inside the facility, till its reaches a particular quantity;
and only after that, the waste is dumped in a bulk. FF by not have a covered solid waste facility,
suffers huge losses, especially from June to August, as the solid waste, mainly composed of
Carbon based powdered by-products, and calcium carbonate scum, clogs the machinery;
resulting in a halt of work for days, and additional cost of repairing, and cleaning the machinery.
This phenomenon has caused a huge negative impact on the profits of FF, causing hundreds of
thousands of Rupees of additional cost to in work halts, repairing, and cleaning of the machinery
from dust, a huge loss for organization and its stakeholders.
Fog:
Fog lurks above in most of the cities of Pakistan, during the beginning of November, till the end
of February due to little rainfalls.
Fog is a major problem for Frontier Foundry, as it;
• Damages Machinery
• Accelerates rusting of iron ore, and finished steel goods
• Decreases the visibility in the mill
• Moisten the solid waste, making it more toxic
Due to the nature of the work at the Frontier Foundry, the facility cannot be a closed one, so to
reduce the thermal dispersion, and avoiding the additional cost of air conditioning the facility to
control the extreme heat. The rusting of the metals and machinery especially comes at a huge
cost. It damages the steel billets, by rusting, adding a huge cost to clean them, the quality of steel
from rusted billets is not up to the standards, hence reducing the price of the steel. Machinery
maintenance also adds up to the costs in the mill, striking giant blows to the interests of FF and
its stakeholders.
Pollution
The rise in pollution adds on the lists of other negative impacts for organization and its
stakeholders.
The rising cost of medical expenses of the workers from the overall environmental pollution,
coupled with the pollution created at the steel mill is a huge cost for FF as it is responsible for the
healthcare of its employees.
There also a high level of employee turnover, and absentees at FF, resulting is huge losses for FF
and its stakeholders.
Fossil Fuels:
Fossil fuel, being a non renewable resource, is the main expense of FF. FF is a heavy machinery
complex that is highly dependent on coal, natural gas, and petroleum products. The rising cost of
these resources due to their fast depletion, has added a significant number of “zeros” to the
expense accounts of FF, resulting in minimizing profits for FF and its stakeholders.
Thermal Pollution:
Jamrud Industrial Estate is the hotbed of heavy machinery that emits huge amounts of thermal
pollution. The heat added to the already hot climate of Peshawar often results in machinery faults
due to overheating, resulting in the loss of huge amounts of money from FF and its
stakeholders’’ pocket for repairing, maintenance, and replacing costs and medical bills of its
employees.
Energy Problems
Due to the rise in population, establishment of new CNG pumps, plazas, and industry, and lack
of awareness of the general population about conservations and sustainability, there is a shortage
of electricity and gas in the industrial estate.
There are long power cuts, and gas halts throughout the year, affecting greatly the productivity of
FF.
We, in Pakistan, and especially in NWFP, live in the society that is sadly unaware and ignorant
of the environmental impacts of industries. Environmental problems are not considered as a
major issue to the general public living in this geographic location.
This attitude is also prevalent in the government. There have been many elaborate rules, laws
and acts about the environmental issues, but they are not enforced strictly.
Irresponsible industries have taken full advantage of this fact, and hence there is little effort by
the industries in Pakistan to improve their environmental performance.
Frontier Foundry is no exception. In its fifteen years of existence, it has been only once inspected
by the environmental agencies. It was found guilty of contributing in excessive pollution, and
source of many environmental hazards, however, sadly, there was never any serious action taken.
A penalty of Rs 0.5 million was implemented on FF, however, the payment of this fine is still
pending.
Given below are the standards by which steel mills should be monitored.
European Commission, IPPC, “BREF Document on the Production of Iron and Steel” and
“Reference Document in BAT in the Ferrous Metals Processing Industry”. December 2001
a:Lower value where toxic metals are present
b Tar fume measured as organic matter extractable by solvent from total matter collected by membrane filter
European Commission, IPPC, “BREF Document on the Production of Iron and Steel” and
“Reference Document in BAT in the Ferrous Metals Processing Industry”. December 2001
European Commission, IPPC, “BREF Document on the Production of Iron and Steel” and
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental monitoring programs for this sector should be implemented to address all
activities that have been identified to have potentially significant impacts on the environment,
during normal operations and upset conditions. Environmental monitoring activities should be
based on direct or indirect indicators of emissions, effluents, and resource use applicable to the
particular project.
Monitoring frequency should be sufficient to provide representative data for the parameter being
monitored. Monitoring should be conducted by trained individuals following monitoring and
record-keeping procedures and using properly calibrated and maintained equipment. Monitoring
data should be analyzed and reviewed at regular intervals and compared with the operating
standards so that any necessary corrective actions can be taken. Additional guidance on
applicable sampling and analytical methods for emissions and effluents is provided in the
General EHS Guidelines.
Literature review.
Air pollution control devices for gaseous and
particulate arsenic By
Lieve Helsen
Research Methodology.
Interviews
Conducting seminars.
References.
http://www.ene.gov.on.ca/envision/techdocs/4771e.pdf.
http://www.bmtfi.net/upload/product/201002/1265617490sfgti
qof.pdf
http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?
type=RESOURCES&itemId=1079438276
http://www.ene.gov.on.ca/envision/techdocs/4771e.pdf
http://www.bmtfi.net/upload/product/201002/1265617490sfgtiqof.pdf
http://www.ocfp.on.ca/local/files/Urban%20Sprawl/UrbanSprawl-AirPollution.pdf
http://www.epa.gov/oar/caaac/aqm/aqm-06-16-05-litreview.pdf