Motorized Smart Turning Mechanism

MOTORIZED SMART TURNING MECHANISM

Romesh Bhavsar1, Sumeet Singh2, Harshal Valesha3, Rushabh Salunkhe4, Suyog Patil5
mechanism is mounted on chassis and motorized
wheels are fixed to this steering mechanism.
Abstract—Production cars are designed to understeer
and rarely do the oversteer. If a car could
automatically compensate for an understeer/oversteer Steering mechanism is in form of crossed 4 bar
problem, the driver would enjoy nearly neutral mechanism. We used parallel linkage. Length of
steering under varying operating conditions. Four- opposite links of this is same. Two cross links, Front
wheel steering is a serious effort on the part of chassis and back chassis altogether forms 4-bar
automotive design engineers to provide near-neutral mechanism. This component is attached to each other
steering. Also, in situations like low speed cornering, by using bearing and coupling assembly. Bearing is
vehicle parking and driving in city conditions with used for providing smooth revolute joint.
heavy traffic in tight spaces, driving would be very
difficult due to vehicle’s larger wheelbase and We have powered front wheel using DC motors.
trackwidth. Hence there is a requirement of a Each wheel is connected to motor using coupling. We
mechanism which result in less turning radius and it can control speed of individual motor and thereby
can be achieved by implementing four-wheel steering turning vehicle accordingly. If we increase speed
mechanism instead of regular two-wheel steering. wheel mounted on right side then it will produce
unbalanced force in mechanism which will force it to
Keywords—4-Bar Mechanism; turning radius. change angle between respective links. this will result
in turning of vehicle with particular turning radius.
INTRODUCTION Now this turning radius will be function of difference
Four-wheel steering is a method developed in between angular speed of wheels.
automobile industry for the effective turning of the
vehicle and to increase the maneuverability. In a
typical front wheel steering system, the rear wheels
do not turn in the direction of the curve and thus
curb on the efficiency of the steering. In four-wheel
steering the rear wheels turn with the front wheels
thus increasing the efficiency of the vehicle. The
direction of steering the rear wheels relative to the
front wheels depends on the operating conditions. At
low speed wheel movement is pronounced, so that
rear wheels are steered in the opposite direction to
that of front wheels. At high speed, when steering
adjustments are subtle, the front wheels and the rear
wheels turn in the same direction. By changing the
direction of the rear wheels there is reduction in
turning radius of the vehicle which is efficient in
parking, low speed cornering and high-speed lane
change. As discussed above we can control turning by
powering front side only therefore no need to power
DESIGN back side wheel. Therefore, on backside wheels are
We designed 4-wheel steering model for analysis mounted on coupling which is fitted in bearing block.
and simulation. This model consists of chassis,
motor, steering mechanism and wheels. Steering

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VishwakarmaInstituteofTechnology,Pune
Motorized Smart Turning Mechanism

l sin(α )
r=
sin ⁡( ф)

r sin ( θ+α )=l sin(α )

For small angles,

r ( dθ+ dα )=l dα
dθ=v out dt ; dα =v ¿ dt

PARTS USED IN MECHANISM

Therefore,
Wheels-100x20
l∗v ¿
Motors-100 kg-cm, 200 rpm r=
v out +v ¿
Cart Frame-292x110(thickness=2 mm)
where, r is the turning radius.
Connecting Rods-12x12(thickness=2 mm)
Bearing Plates-50x50(thickness=10 mm)
ANALYSIS
Coupling:
Static structural analysis was carried out in
ANSYS. The load applied was around 1000 N. It was
equally distributed in front and back part of chassis.
The chassis was considered to be made of Steel 33xx.
Results included deformation and principle stress of
chassis. It was seen that maximum deformation was
coming on the rear side of the assembly and it was
coming around 0.2154 mm which was under safe
deformation. The maximum principal stress of 28.94
MPa came at the rear part of assembly which was
again less than yield stress of 200 MPa for selected
grade of steel.

CALCULATIONS

r l
=
sin ⁡(α ) sin ⁡(ф)

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VishwakarmaInstituteofTechnology,Pune
Motorized Smart Turning Mechanism

CONCLUSION
1)From the designing and modelling, it is concluded
that the mechanism is better suited for tight places
2)It is more complex than a regular trolley however is
more efficient as well
3)The costing of the system will drop over a period of
time when the system becomes more common.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are thankful to the UG faculty Prof. (Dr.)

Umesh Chavan of Department of Mechanical
Engineering of
VIT, Pune for his support.

REFERENCES
[1] https://nevonprojects.com/motorized-smart-
turning-mechanism/
[2] Four-wheel steering,
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-
fourwheelsteering.html
[3] “Honda Prelude Si 4WS: It Will Never Steer
You
Wrong,” Car and Driver, Vol. 33, No. 2, pps. 40- 45,
August 1987.

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