DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT 1

BY:
SUCHETA PATNAIK 15BBT0122
HARSHITA AGARWAL
15BBT0083
COMPARATIVE
STUDY BETWEEN
MITOSIS
AND
MEIOSIS
Mitosis and Meiosis
• Cells divide and reproduce in two ways: mitosis
and meiosis.
• Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in
two genetically identical daughter cells
developing from a single parent cell.
• Meiosis, on the other hand, is the division of a
germ cell involving two fissions of the nucleus
and giving rise to four gametes, or sex cells, each
possessing half the number of chromosomes of
the original cell.
• Mitosis is used by single-celled organisms to
reproduce; it is also used for the organic growth
of tissues, fibers, and membranes.
• Meiosis is found in sexual reproduction of
organisms. The male and female sex cells (i.e.,
egg and sperm) are the end result of meiosis;
they combine to create new, genetically different
offspring
 MEIOSIS MITOSIS

Type of Reproduction Sexual Asexual

Occurs in Humans, animals, plants, All organisms.

fungi.

Genetically Different Identical

Crossing Over Yes, mixing of No, crossing over cannot

chromosomes can occur. occur.

Pairing of Homologs Yes No

Function Genetic diversity through Cellular reproduction and
sexual reproduction. general growth and repair
of the body.

Number of Divisions 2 1

Number of Daughter Cells 4 haploid cells 2 diploid cells

produced
Chromosome Number Reduced by half. Remains the same.

Steps (Meiosis 1) Prophase I, Prophase, Metaphase,

Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Anaphase, Telophase.
Telophase I; (Meiosis 2)
Prophase II, Metaphase II,
Anaphase II and
Telophase II.
Karyokinesis Occurs in Interphase I. Occurs in Interphase.

Cytokinesis Occurs in Telophase I Occurs in Telophase.

and in Telophase II.

Centromeres Split The centromeres do not The centromeres split

separate during during anaphase.
anaphase I, but during
anaphase II.
Creates Sex cells only: female Makes everything other
egg cells or male sperm than sex cells.
cells.

Discovered by Oscar Hertwig Walther Flemming

Differences in Purpose
• mitosis responsible for asexual reproduction in
single-celled organisms, but it is also what
enables cellular growth and repair in
multicellular organisms.
• meiosis has a narrow but significant purpose:
assisting sexual reproduction.
Stages of Mitosis and Meiosis
• Cells spend about 90% of their existence in a stage
known as interphase
• Cells "prepare" for division by replicating DNA and
duplicating protein-based centrioles. When cell
division begins, the cells enter into either mitotic or
meiotic phases.
• In mitosis, the end product is two cells: the original
parent cell and a new, genetically identical daughter
cell
• Meiosis is more complex and goes through
additional phases to create four genetically different
haploid cells