University of Baghdad

College of Nursing
Community Health Nursing
Department
Master degree / 2nd Semester
2019-2020

CARE OF CLIENTS IN THE SCHOOL SETTING

‫بأشراف‬
‫ هالة السعدي‬/ ‫د‬.‫أ‬
‫اعداد‬
‫محمد حسين علي‬/‫طالب الماجستير‬
 CARE OF CLIENTS IN THE SCHOOL SETTING
Reasons for Concern for School Health
 The health of the school population affects overall community
health.
 Healthy children learn better.
 The school setting is an excellent avenue for developing health
attitudes and behaviors that
affect health in later life.
Goal of School Health
 To reduce or eliminate health-related barriers to learning
Objectives of a School Health Program
 Decrease morbidity and absenteeism
 Identify and treat existing health problems Manage special
health needs
 Promote employee health
 Integrate school, home, and community health efforts

 Contribute to staff development

 Provide a resource on school health and safety issues
 Assure quality of and accountability for school health services
 Components of the School Health Program
Health Services Component

 Assessment and screening

 Case finding
 Counseling
 Health promotion and illness prevention
 Case management
  Remedial or rehabilitation services
 Specific nursing procedures
 Emergency care
1. Education for Health Literacy

 Develop abilities to
 Comprehend health promotion and disease
prevention information
 Access health information and health promoting
products and services
 Engage in behaviors that promote health and
reduce risk

2. Education for Health Literacy

 Develop abilities to
 Analyze influences on health
 Use interpersonal communication to enhance health
 Set goals and make decisions regarding health
 Advocate for personal, family, and community health
 (Breckon, 1998)
Assessing Health in the School Setting
1. Biophysical Considerations

 Maturation and aging

 Age
 Developmental stages and tasks
 Genetic inheritance
 Gender
 Race/ethnicity
 Genetic predisposition to disease in population
2. Psychological Considerations

 Peer relationships
 Teacher-student relationships
 Teacher-teacher relationships
3. Physical Environmental Considerations

 Internal environment
 External environment
4. Sociocultural Considerations

 Community attitudes to education

 Crime
 Racial unrest/violence
 Working parents
 Socioeconomic status
 Culture and language
 Homelessness
5. Behavioral Considerations

 Consumption patterns
 Diet and nutrition
 Substance use and abuse
 Rest, exercise, and recreational activity
 Sexual activity
 Health and safety behaviors
6. Health System Considerations

 Availability of internal and external sources of health care

 Relationship of school to external health care resources
 Organizational structure for school health care delivery
Planning Health Care in the School Setting
 Macro level planning
 Development of the overall school health program
 Micro level planning
 Planning to address specific health problems in the population
or to meet health needs of individual members of the
population
Components of Macro level Planning
 Population to be served
 Categories of health services
 Health-related personnel
 Program resources
 Health records
 Program evaluation
 Program budget
Components of Micro level Planning
 Primary prevention
 Secondary prevention
 Tertiary prevention
Primary Prevention
 Immunization
 Safety
 Exclusion from school
 Health education
 Food and nutrition
 Exercise and physical activity
 Self-image
 Coping
  Interpersonal skills
Secondary Prevention
 Screening
 Referral
 Counseling
 Treatment
Tertiary Prevention
 Preventing recurrence of acute conditions
 Preventing complications
 Promoting adjustment to chronic and handicapping
conditions
 Dealing with learning disability