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17BEM0043
Date: 01/06/2020 Name: Kartik R. Bhat Hire
AIM: To study the performance of centrifugal pumps connected in parallel and series and to draw
the resultant head-discharge curves
BASIC CONCEPT
Pumps in Parallel:
When two or more similar pumps are connected in parallel, the head across each pump is the same
and the total flow rate is shared equally between the pumps, QP/n, where n is the number of pumps
in parallel. For identical pumps in parallel, the pressures at the two inlets and outlets are identical
and the maximum head the two pumps can deliver is no greater than for a single pump.
Theoretically, the flow rate is doubled, although in practice, this will not occur, due to losses in the
piping systems.
Pumps in Series:
When two or more similar pumps are connected in series, the same flow rate passes through each
pump and under goes a head boost of total head divided by number of pumps, HP/n. Therefore, the
series configuration of two identical pipes provides a pump characteristic of twice the head as for a
single pump. For series pumps, the total head can be computed as follows:
The following formulae are employed.
i) Discharge (Q) = Ah / t
A= Internal plan area of the collecting tank
h= Rise of water level in the collecting tank.
t= Time taken for rise of water level “H” in the collecting tank. (sec)
ii)Total head (H) = Hs + Hd + (Vd2 - Vs2)/2g + X
Hs=Suction head in meters of water (Vacuum gauge reading in mm-Hg x 13.6 /1000 (m)
Hd=Delivery head in meters of water (Pressure gauge reading in kg/ cm2) x 10(m)
X = Vertical Distance between pressure gauge and vacuum gauge (m)
Vd = Velocity of water in delivery pipe (m/s)
Vs = Velocity of water in suction pipe (m/s)
1
APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Pump set up
2. Stop Watch
DESCRIPTION:
A centrifugal pump which works on the principle of forced vortex flow consists of an impeller
rotating inside a casing. It converts the mechanical energy into pressure energy by means of
centrifugal force acting on the fluid.
Pressure gauges and vacuum gauges are fitted in the delivery and suction pipes to measures the
head. An energy meter and a stopwatch are provided to measure the input to the motor and a
collecting tank to measure the actual discharge.
MODEL CALCULATIONS:
Parallel:
i. Discharge= Q= A*h/t= 0.1975*0.1/8= 0.00025 m3/s
ii. Suction Head= Hs= 340*13.6/1000= 4.624 m
iii. Deliver Head= Hd= 0.7*10= 7 m
iv. Distance between gauges= X= 0.28 m
v. Total Head= H= 11.904 m
Series:
i. Discharge= Q= A*h/t= 0.1975*0.1/18.7= 0.00105 m3/s
ii. Suction Head= Hs= 160*13.6/1000= 2.176 m
iii. Deliver Head= Hd= 2.9*10= 29 m
iv. Distance between gauges= X= 0.28 m
v. Total Head= H= 31.456 m
3
GRAPHS:
For series connection
Qact vs total head for series connection and also for single pump
RESULT: Thus the characteristics of multistage pumps and are plotted various graphs.