ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

Art and science of getting gametes together May be done by artificial or partially artificial means
May or may not involve third party.

Consists of depositing a man’s semen in the vagina, cervical canal or uterus, through the use of
instruments (e.g. syringe) to bring about conception unattained or unattainable by sexual
intercourse.

TYPES:

 Artificial insemination homologous (AIH)

 Artificial insemination donor(AID)
 Artificial insemination homologous and donor (AIHD)

INDICATIONS:

 AIH-male factors
 Impotence, physical anomaly, posthumous assisted reproduction
 female factors
 AID-sterility, wife is isoimmune to husband’s
 sperm, HIV or HEP b infection, lesbian couples,
 AIHD-oligozoospermia

PROCESS:

1. Intravaginal
• Placing the semen in the vaginal vault
2. Intracervical
• In the cervical cavity
3. Intrauterine
• Inside the uterus itself

PRECAUTIONS:

 Consent of donor ,recipient and their spouses

 Donor
 Couple should be psychologically fit and
 emotionally stable.
 Delivery should not be done by the physician who performed AI.
ADVANTAGES:

 Disease control.
 Flexibility.
 Safety
 Best possible series of proven quality.
 Cost effectiveness.

EXTRACTION OF SEMEN:

1. Masturbation
• After a short period of abstinence from ejaculation 3 to 12 days

2. Condomistic intercourse

3. Coitus interruptus

4. Anal massage of the prostate gland

5. Direct puncture of the epididymis (excretory duct of the testicle)

STEPS:
 Collection of semen from male
 Evaluation of semen quality
 Semen dilution for preservation
 Deposition of semen in the female reproductive tract

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

1. ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION BY HUSBAND (AIH) :

• consists of collecting the husband’s sperm and injecting it into his wife’s reproductive
tract via the vagina at the appropriate stage of the menstrual period.

REASONS WHY COUPLE SEEK THIS PROCEDURE:

1. The husband may be fertile but unable to participate in normal sexual relations;
2.The husband may have a low sperm count.
3. The husband may use AIH as a precautionary measure.
• Does not destroy the personal and sexual aspects of the marriage bond and thus has
been less criticized.
• Few legal concerns over the method.
• Few theological concerns except for masturbation.
2.ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION BY DONOR (AID) :
• Scientific aspects are the same as that of AIH except that the sperm donor is used
instead of the husband.
• Raised a lot of questions and concerns

REASONS WHY COUPLES SEEK THIS PROCEDURE:

a. The husband might be carrying a genetic disease that he does not want to pass on to his
child. b. He may be sterile as a result of a disease or accident.
c. When there is some concern over the antibody reaction from the mother when, for
example, the husband is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative.

Scientific considerations :
• Sperm donors remain anonymous
• Accidental transmission of unknown genetic traits
Ethical considerations :
• The slippery-slope argument.
• The place of reproductive technology in our society.