In 1964, Bill English joined ARC, where he helped Engelbart build the first mouse prototype.

[2][21] They
christened the device the mouse as early models had a cord attached to the rear part of the device
which looked like a tail, and in turn resembled the common mouse.[22] As noted above, this "mouse"
was first mentioned in print in a July 1965 report, on which English was the lead author. [1][2][3] On 9
December 1968, Engelbart publicly demonstrated the mouse at what would come to be known
as The Mother of All Demos. Engelbart never received any royalties for it, as his employer SRI held
the patent, which expired before the mouse became widely used in personal computers. [23] In any
event, the invention of the mouse was just a small part of Engelbart's much larger project of
augmenting human intellect.[24][25]

Inventor Douglas Engelbart holding the first computer mouse,[26] showing the wheels that make contact with the
working surface

The Engelbart mouse

Several other experimental pointing-devices developed for Engelbart's oN-Line System (NLS)
exploited different body movements – for example, head-mounted devices attached to the chin or
nose – but ultimately the mouse won out because of its speed and convenience. [27] The first mouse, a
bulky device (pictured) used two potentiometers perpendicular to each other and connected to
wheels: the rotation of each wheel translated into motion along one axis.[28] At the time of the "Mother
of All Demos", Engelbart's group had been using their second generation, 3-button mouse for about
a year.
On October 2, 1968, a mouse device named Rollkugel (German for "rolling ball") was described as
an optional device for its SIG-100 terminal was developed by the German company Telefunken.[29] As
the name suggests and unlike Engelbart's mouse, the Telefunken model already had a ball. It was
based on an earlier trackball-like device (also named Rollkugel) that was embedded into radar flight
control desks. This trackball had been developed by a team led by Rainer Mallebrein at
Telefunken Konstanz for the German Bundesanstalt für Flugsicherung (Federal Air Traffic
Control) as part of their TR 86 process computer system with its SIG 100-86[29][30] vector graphics
terminal.
The ball-based computer mouse with a Telefunken Rollkugel RKS 100-86 for the TR 86 computer system

When the development for the Telefunken main frame TR 440 [de] began in 1965, Mallebrein and his
team came up with the idea of "reversing" the existing Rollkugel into a moveable mouse-like device,
so that customers did not have to be bothered with mounting holes for the earlier trackball device.
Together with light pens and trackballs, it was offered as an optional input device for their system
since 1968. Some Rollkugel mouses installed at the Leibniz-Rechenzentrum in Munich in 1972 are
well preserved in a museum.[29][31] Telefunken considered the invention too unimportant to apply for a
patent on it.
The Xerox Alto was one of the first computers designed for individual use in 1973 and is regarded as
the first modern computer to utilize a mouse. [32] Inspired by PARC's Alto, the Lilith, a computer which
had been developed by a team around Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zürich between 1978 and 1980,
provided a mouse as well. The third marketed version of an integrated mouse shipped as a part of a
computer and intended for personal computer navigation came with the Xerox 8010 Star in 1981.
By 1982, the Xerox 8010 was probably the best-known computer with a mouse. The Sun-1 also
came with a mouse, and the forthcoming Apple Lisa was rumored to use one, but the peripheral
remained obscure; Jack Hawley of The Mouse House reported that one buyer for a large
organization believed at first that his company sold lab mice. Hawley, who manufactured mice for
Xerox, stated that "Practically, I have the market all to myself right now"; a Hawley mouse cost $415.
[33]
 In 1982, Logitech introduced the P4 Mouse at the Comdex trade show in Las Vegas, its first
hardware mouse.[34] That same year Microsoft made the decision to make the MS-
DOS program Microsoft Word mouse-compatible, and developed the first PC-compatible mouse.
Microsoft's mouse shipped in 1983, thus beginning the Microsoft Hardware division of the company.
[35]
 However, the mouse remained relatively obscure until the appearance of the Macintosh
128K (which included an updated version of the single-button [36] Lisa Mouse) in 1984,[37] and of
the Amiga 1000 and the Atari ST in 1985.

Operation