Steel Design Problems With Solution (Using NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015) PDF

STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN

Analysis of Steel Beam Under Flexure
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Using NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015
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.C
M
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ENGR. JOHN EDGAR DEL PRADO DELOS REYES, CE.
R
Licensed Civil Engineer/Structural Engineer Practitioner
FO
KS
C.E. Board Passer, Civil Engineering Board Examination November 2018

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, Technological Institute of the Philippines –
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Quezon City Branch

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Freelance Structural Design Engineer, J.E. Delos Reyes Structural Design Services
FB
Former Structural Design Engineer, Sy^2 + Associates, Inc. (formerly known as

Aromin and Sy + Associates, Inc.)
PD
T
SI
VI
Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 1

In NSCP 2001, Allowable Stress Design is used in designing flexural members. All of the
equations provided in NSCP 2001 will provide you the allowable stress. But in NSCP
2010/2015, there are two ways in designing the flexural members. The Allowable Strength
Design (ASD) and Load & Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). Both analysis will provide you
the strength of the section by means of moment capacity.
This is summary on how you will analyze a flexural member under NSCP 2010/2015.
*Parameters for checking the compactness of the section:
Table 502.4.2 Limiting Width-Thickness Ratios for Compression Elements
, . .
M
Flange:
O
.C
If , Compact Flange
M
If , Non-Compact Flange
U
If , Slender Flange
R
Where: FO
– slenderness parameter for flange
– limiting slenderness parameter for compact flange

KS
– limiting slenderness parameter for non-compact flange

O
O
Table 502.4.2 Limiting Width-Thickness Ratios for Compression Elements
, . .
FB
Web:
PD
If , Compact Web
If , Non-Compact Web
T
If , Slender Web
SI
Where:
VI
– slenderness parameter for web

– limiting slenderness parameter for compact web
– limiting slenderness parameter for non-compact web

*Parameters for checking the unbraced/unsupported length of beam:
Sections 506.2-5 and 506.2-6 of NSCP 2010/2015:
. ,

%& . '(
. !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
# ,
. '( ) % &
Where:
– unbraced length of the flexural member, mm
– limiting laterally unbraced length for the limit state of yielding, mm
– limiting laterally unbraced length for the limit state of inelastic lateral-torsional
buckling, mm
% – torsional constant, ,
M
O
Approximate Formula written in ASEP Steel Handbook of 2004:
+- . /
.C
%
M
0 – warping constant,
U
R
Derive using the equation of Section 506.2-8b knowing that c = 1.0
1
0
)
FO
,
!
KS
– effective radius of gyration, mm
Section 506.2-7 of NSCP 2010/2015:
21 0
O
!
'(
O
FB
) – center to center distance between flanges, mm

& – 1.0 for doubly symmetric I-shape (506.2-8a)
PD
T
NOTE: Torsional Constant (J) is provided in every I-Section in AISC Steel Construction
Manual. Just in case that Torsional Constant (J) is not given, we can use the approximate
SI
formula given, but this is extremely conservative.

VI
*Determining the Nominal Moment Capacity of the Section:

CASE 1: If and;
- the compression flange is COMPACT

Section 506.2-1 of NSCP 2010/2015:
3 3 4(

- the compression flange is NON-COMPACT

Section 506.3-1 of NSCP 2010/2015:
.
3 3 . -3 . . '( / " # 3 4(
.
- the compression flange is SLENDER

Section 506.3-2 of NSCP 2010/2015:
. 5 & '(
3 3 4(
M
,
6 6 5& 7896 5& 8! 8 6 76 ) . 5& .
O
.C
M
U
CASE 2: If
R
Section 506.2-2 of NSCP 2010/2015:
FO
.
3 0 :3 . -3 . . '( / " #; 3 4(
.
KS
- regardless the state of the compression flange.

O
Where:
0 – lateral-torsional buckling modification factor for non-uniform moment diagrams
O
FB
when both ends of the unsupported segment are braced.

PD
CASE 3: If
Section 506.2-3 and 506.2-4 of NSCP 2010/2015:
3 '( 3 4(
T
&
SI
0 < %&
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
VI
&
'( )
= >
!
!
- regardless the state of the compression flange.

Where:

*Lateral-torsional buckling modification factor:
Section 506.1-1 of NSCP 2010/2015:

. 3 (
0 C .
. 3 ( + 3A + ,3B + 30
Where:
3A - absolute value of moment at quarter point of the unbraced segment.
3B - absolute value of moment at centerline of the unbraced segment.
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30 - absolute value of moment at three-quarter point of the unbraced segment.
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3 (
.C
- absolute value of maximum moment in the unbraced segment.
C – cross-section monosymmetry parameter (1.00 for doubly symmetric members)
M
U
NOTE: 0 is permitted to be conservatively taken as 1.0 for all cases. For cantilevers or
overhangs where the free end is unbraced, 0 .
R
FO
KS
*Determining the Moment Capacity of the Section:
being divided by a factor of safety (D) to get the moment capacity:

Under Allowable Strength Design or ASD, the nominal moment capacity of the section is
O
3& @ A'G 6 6 D .
3
D
O
(for bending)
FB
Under Load and Resistance Factor Design or LRFD, the nominal moment capacity of the
PD
section is being multiplied by a resistance factor (H) to get the moment capacity:
3& @ C G H3 6 6 I . (for bending)

T
SI
NOTE: For investigation of adequacy of a steel section using Allowable Strength Design
VI
(ASD), the applied loads in the flexural member should be unfactored while in Load and
Resistance Factored Design all applied loads should be factored using the updated load
combinations of NSCP 2015.

(Author of the Problem: Engr. John Mark A. Guimba, 5th Placer November 2019 CE Board)
PROBLEM-1: An 8-meter simply supported beam is to be loaded, in addition to its self-
weight, a triangular distributed load that linearly increases from zero at the left end to 20
kN/m (dead) + 35 kN/m (live) at the right end. It is braced laterally at the end supports and
at midspan. Use LRFD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015.
corresponding lateral-torsional buckling modification factor, 0 ?

A.) Which segment of the beam will likely govern its moment capacity, and what is the
B.) What is the ultimate moment capacity of the beam, in kN-m?

C.) What is the maximum safe service load intensity (DL+LL), in kN/m, of the triangular
load that the beam could carry, assuming LL 3DL?
M
PROPERTIES OF THE BEAM (W 540 mm x 150 kg/m):
A 6 ,A ,
O
G6 ,G ,
.C
0J6 G8! &6 6 66 J 76!, ,
M
J 76 8 ,
U
J 76 8&5 6!!,
R
K6 8&5 6!!, .
FO
J ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL!, '( . (
MJ ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL!, 4( ,. ,(

KS
N) !8) J 0) ! ,% . ,( ,
O
G8! &6 6 66 J 76 &6 )8 !, )

O
C 8L! ) O 8) J) 7 . (8!,
FB
6& 896 C 8L! ) O 8) , !
P86J ' 6 7 ) ' 66J, , 3M

PD
3) LJL! ) J ! 8&8 , OM
T
SI
SOLUTION (A):
VI
*Reaction Force at Left End Support:

[By taking the summation of moment at right end support equal to zero]:
.CA Q ) + . = > Q )Q,) + - . Q )+ . Q )/Q ) = > : CA . 5S

Q . )
*Reaction Force at Right End Support:

[By taking the summation of moment at left end support equal to zero]:
CB Q ) . . = > Q )Q,) . - . Q )+ . Q )/Q ) = > : CB . 5S

Q . )

Lateral Torsional Buckling Modification Factor, 0 .

. 3 (
. 3 ( T 3A T,3B T 30
Where:
3A A !)JL 6 9 JL6 ) ) 6 UL 6 )8 ) 6 L &6 !67 6 .
3B A !)JL 6 9 JL6 ) ) 6 &6 6 J8 6 ) 6 L &6 !67 6 .
30 A !)JL 6 9 JL6 ) ) 6 66 . UL 6 )8 ) 6 L &6 !67 6 .
3 ( A !)JL 6 9 JL6 ) (8 L ) 6 8 6 L &6 !67 6 .
∗W 8 ) J G8! 8 L 6 : '6J . K687 , KL . = > .

Q . ) 5S
M
∗N 8 7LJ G8! 8 L 6 : A 8 8) J ) , KL . Q )+ . Q )
5S
O
∗ )& 8) ) 6 3 (8 L 3) 6 :
.C
M
[By taking the V(x) of the beam equal to zero to locate the Maximum Moment]:
XQ() . . . ( . ( Q' 6 UL 8) )
U
. . . (. (
R
FO
1 XQ() , M)!!8 J6 X JL6 ) (:
( ,. , QJ)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6 )
KS
3Q() . (. . ( . ( Q3) 6 UL 8) ) @ ( ,. ,
O
3 ( . Q,. ,) . . Q,. ,) . Q,. ,) :

O
3 ( , . , , , 5S . J)& 6 ,. , ) J6 6 !L ) .
FB
'8 &6 6 J)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6 8! 8 6 76 , (

, 6 6 ) 6 6 (8 L ) 6 !6&) , .
PD
6 6 L &6 !67 6 ) 6 6 8! 3 ( , . , , , 5S . .
T
SI
[At first 4-meter unbraced segment of the beam]:
3A . Q ). . Q )Q . ) . Q )Q ) = > Q ) . 5S .
VI
3B . Q ). . Q )Q ) . Q )Q ) = > Q ) . , 5S .
30 . Q ). . Q )Q . ) . Q )Q ) = > Q ) . , 5S .
3 ( . Q,) . . Q,)Q ) . Q, )Q,) = > Q,) ,. , 5S .
0 ., , . Q)5)
. Q ,. , )
. Q ,. , )T Q . )T,Q . , )T Q . , )

[At second 4-meter unbraced segment of the beam]:
3A . Q ). . Q )Q . ) . Q )Q ) = > Q ) . , 5S .
3B . Q ). . Q )Q ) . Q )Q ) = > Q ) . , 5S .
30 . Q ). . Q )Q . ) . Q )Q ) = > Q ) . 5S .
3 ( , . , , , 5S .
0 . , . Q)5)
. Q , . , , ,)
M
. Q , . , , ,)T Q . , )T,Q . , )T Q . )
O
.C
Least Governs:
M
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): 0 . ,
U
R
SOLUTION (B):
FO
*Check for the compactness of flange and web:
. . . , , , "0) & J 76"

,
KS
Q ) ,
., . . , "0) & K6 "

, ,
O
. ,
O
FB
*Check for the unbraced length of the beam:
. . Q ) , .
,
,
PD
%& $
. !? . @ + + . = > 6 6 0
. '( ) 1 )
'( ) % & ,
T
0 , . ,(
SI
- , Q ) /Q )
,
VI
. Q )=
,
>
Q . ,( )Q . )
* +$ + . =Q
. Q , )Q . ( )Q )
>
. Q , ) Q . ( )Q ) . ,( )Q , )Q . )
, . ,
*Limiting values for unbraced length:
, . , . ,

'8 &6 ,, 8! 6 66 -
/, 6 ) 8 J ) 6 & &8 Q3 ) ) 6 !6& 8) 8!:
.
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 0 :3 . -3 . . '( / " #; 3 4(
.
3 . , ? , . ( .= , . ( .
. Q , )- . ( /> = >@ , . ( S .
,, [ , .
, . ,[ , .
M
'8 &6 3 , . ( S . 3 , . ( S . , 6 6 ) 6 3
O
3 , . ( S . ) , . 5S .
.C
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 3 , . 5S .
M
U
*A C G A J !8!, 3& ∅3 6 6 ∅ .
R
3& . Q , . ) . , 5S .
FO
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QB): 3& . , 5S .
KS
O
SOLUTION (C):
) 0) 8 8) : L . G + . G
O
A!!L 8 7 G , 6 6 ) 6 6 6 J) &) 8 8) 8 6 ! ) G 8!:

FB
L . G + . Q G ) G
PD
*Determining the location of the maximum moment:

,
T
' 6 UL 8) : XQ() . . . (+ . L( , 5S
SI
,
A XQ() : . L( . . (+ + .
VI
G6 6 8 6 6 J)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6 8 6 ! ) L:
'N M: → L( + . ( + .
,
L
'N M: →( + +
. ( , .
L L
'N M: →( + + + +
. ( . , . .
L L L L

'N M: , → =( + > = + + >

,. , , . .
L L L
)& 8) ) 6 3 (8 L 3) 6 8 6 ! ) L:
,. ,T , . .
( . $" + + #
[
L L L
*Moment Equation of the beam:

,
M
3) 6 UL 8) : 3Q() . (. . ( + L( . L( , 5S .
,
O
.C
0J6 J 6 & L!6 ( . .
^ ,. ,
M
L
+ + 6& L!6 ( ! )LJ ) 6 67 896 9 JL6.

, . .
U
L L
N 6 6 ) 6 6 J)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6
R 8 6 ! ) L 8!:
FO
,. , , . .
( . + $" + + #
KS
L L L
O
To secure that the beam could carry the load, 3 3&

O
( &8
FB
UL 8) : → ., . (. . ( + L( . , L(
,
PD
UL 8) : →( . + = + + >
,. , , . .
L L L
T
*By Continuously Solving;
5S
( ,. , , . , ,
SI
L
VI
*Determining the value of Dead Load and Live Load:
G . , ,
5S
L
DL 51.62370813 and LL 3DL = 154.8711244

5S 5S
Safe Service Load:
5S
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) Q0): QG + ) ., ,

(Author of the Problem: Engr. Francis Arjay Pastores Luz, 1st Placer May 2015 CE Board)
PROBLEM-2: A beam is simply supported and has a span of 12m. The beam is a W33X240
with = 345 MPa. Compute the safe uniformly distributed load that can be safely carried
by the beam including its weight using ASD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015:
A.) If the compression flange is braced laterally.
B.) If the compression flange has lateral supports only at its ends.
C.) If the compression flange has lateral supports only at its ends and midspan.
D.) If the length of the beam is 14m and the compression flange has lateral supports only at
its ends.
M
PROPERTIES OF W33X240
O
5S
Weight, w = 3.51
.C
Area, A = 45,548
M
Depth, d = 850.9 mm
J 76 8 ,
U
= 402.97 mm
R
J 76 8&5 6!!, = 35.56 mm
FO
K6 8&5 6!!, = 21.08 mm
3) 6 ! ) 1 6 8 )L ( . (8!, 1( = 5660.75( ,
KS
3) 6 ! ) 1 6 8 )L . (8!, 1 = 388.34( ,
O
J ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L ( . (8!, '( = 13,322.68(

O
J ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L . (8!, ' = 1933.67(

FB
PD
COMPLETING THE REQUIRED SECTION PROPERTIES:

*Determining the value of Plastic Section Modulus:
4( Q, . )Q . )Q . )Q . . . )+ Q . )Q . )Q, ., . . )
T
,, . , (
SI
MJ ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L ( . (8!, 4( ,, . , (

VI
*Check for the compactness of flange and web of the section:
. . .
, . ,
Q . ) ,
. , , , "0) & J 76"
. , . .
. [ Q . ) ,
. ,
. , "0) & K6 "

*Determining the limiting values for unbraced length:
1
A1'0 UL 8) : . $ $
A
. ,,
. ,( ,
, , ,
. Q . ,, ) , .
,
,
M
O
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
# ,
.C
. '( ) % &
M
+ 1 21 0
% ,0
)
, '(
U
!
R
FO
N) !8) J 0) ! ,% ,, ,. (
Q, . )Q . ) T- . [ Q . )/Q . ) ,
KS
K 8 7 0) ! ,0 ,, , . (
. ,( Q . [ . )
,
O
6& 896 C 8L! ) O 8) , .

2 . ,( Q ,, , . ( )
! , . (
O
FB
PD
. Q . )=
,
>
,, ,. ( * +$ + . =
. Q , )Q , . ( )Q . ,)
>
. Q , ) , . ( Q . ,) ,, ,. ( Q , )Q . )
, .
T
SI
, . , .
VI
SOLUTION (A):
“If the compression flange is braced laterally, “
'8 &6
6 !6& 8) 8! &) & , 6 ) 8 J ) 6 & &8 ) 6 !6& 8) 8!:
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 4(

3 , . , , , 5S .
,, . , ( Q , )
Q , )
*A A'G A J !8!, 3& 6 6 _ .

3
_
3& , . 5S .
, . , , ,
.
, . ∶ . ,
Q ) 5S
5S
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): . ,
M
O
SOLUTION (B):
,
.C
“If the compression flange has lateral supports only at its ends, ”
M
Since and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the section
U
is:
R
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 :3 0 :3 . -3 . . '( / " #; 3 4(
.
FO
J
. ? @
0 . . Q)5)
KS
J J J J
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
3 , . , , , 5S .
,, . , ( Q , )
O
Q , )
O
3 " , . , , ,.= , . , , ,.
FB
>= ># , . 5S . 3 Q)5)

. - , . ( /Q , ) , [ , .
Q ) , . [ , .
PD
*A A'G A J !8!, 3& 6 6 _ .

3
T
_
SI
3& , . 5S .
, .
.
VI
, . ∶ .
Q ) 5S
5S
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QB): .
SOLUTION (C):
,
“If the compression flange has lateral supports only at its ends and midspan,
”

is:
.
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 0 :3 . -3 . . '( / " #; 3 4(
.
J
. ? @
0 J J J J
. Q)5)
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
3 , . , , , 5S .
,, . , ( Q , )
Q )
3 " , . , , ,.= , . , , ,.
M
>= ># , . ,, 5S . 3 Q ) )5)
/Q , )
O
. - , . ( , [ , .
Q , ) , . [ , .
.C
'8 &6 3 3 , L!6 3 3 , . , , , 5S .
M
U
*A A'G A J !8!, 3& 6 6 _ .
3
R
_
3& , . 5S .
, . , , ,
FO
.
, . ∶ . ,
Q ) 5S
KS
5S
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) Q0): . ,
O
O
FB
SOLUTION (D):
,,
PD
“If the length of the beam is 14m and the compression flange has lateral supports only at its
ends, ”
Since and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the section is:
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 '( 3 4(
T
&
SI
0 < %&
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
'(
VI
&
= >
) !
!
J
. ? @
0 J J J J
a . . Q)5)
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
3 , . , , , 5S .
,, . , ( Q , )
Q )
< Q , )
+ . = >= > ,. 3M
,, ,. ( Q . ) ,,
& ,, , . ( Q . ,) .
= >
.

3 , . 5S . 3 Q)5)
,. - , . ( /
Q , )
*A A'G A J !8!, 3& 6 6 _ .

3
_
3& , . 5S .
, .
.
, . ∶ . ,
Q ,) 5S
5S
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QG): . ,
M
O
PROBLEM-3: A W24x76, A992 (grade 50) steel is to be used as simply supported beam to
.C
resist a uniform load. The beam is laterally braced at the supports and at midspan.
M
PROPERTIES OF W24x76
O )!! A 6 , A7 ,,
U
J 76 8 ,
J 76 8&5 6!!, .
R
FO
K6 8&5 6!!, .
KS
G6 ,
J ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L ( . (8!, '( , (

O
N) !8) J 0) ! ,% , ( ,
O
C 8L! ) O 8) J) 7 ( . (8!, ( ,
FB
C 8L! ) O 8) J) 7 . (8!, , .
PD
MJ ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L ( . (8!, 4( , (

Using ASD and LRFD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015. Determine the Moment Capacity for the
T
following cases:
SI
A.) Length of beam is 3-meters

VI
B.) Length of beam is 9-meters

C.) Length of beam is 15-meters
1 A ,, Q, . ) ,, . ( ,
0 , . , (
,, . ( Q [ . )
,
., ,
2Q , . , ( )Q ,, . ( )
! , (

5!8 → 3M : ,,. , 3M a , 3M
Q , )Q . )
,.
Moments of Inertia about y-axis, 1 ,, . ( ,
Warping Constant, 0 , . , (
Effective Radius of Gyration, ! ., ,
*Check for the compactness of the section:
. . .
,
M
Q . ) ,
. , , , "0) & J 76"
O
.C
. , . .
[ Q . ) ,
. ,
. , "0) & K6 "
U
R
FO
A1'0 UL 8) : . $
KS
. Q, . ) , . ,
,
,
O
O
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
#
FB
. '( ) % &
PD
. Q ., , )=
,
>
, ( Q . )
* +$ + . =
. Q , )Q , ( )Q . )
>
T
. Q , ) Q , ( )Q . ) , ( Q , )Q . )
SI
, .
VI
, . , , .
SOLUTION (A):
Since , and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the
section is:

S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 3 4(
3 . 5S .
, - , ( /
Q , )
*At ASD Analysis, 3& 6 6 _ .

3
_
:
3& . , , 5S .
.
.
*At LRFD Analysis, 3& ∅3 6 6 ∅ . :
3& . Q . ) , . ,, 5S .
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): 3& . , , 5S . QA'G) 3&

, . ,, 5S . Q C G)
M
O
.C
SOLUTION (B):
,,
M
Since and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity
U
of the section is:
R
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 :3 0 :3 . -3 . . '( / " #; 3 4(
.
FO
J
. ? @
0 . Q)5)
KS
J J J J
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
3 " , . .= , . . >= >#

. Q , )- , ( / ,, [ , . ,
O
Q , ) , . [ , . ,
, . ,, 5S . 3 Q)5)
O
FB
*At ASD Analysis, 3& 6 6 _ . :

3
_
3& . , 5S .
PD
, . ,,
.
*At LRFD Analysis, 3& ∅3 6 6 ∅ . :

T
3& . Q , . ,, ) , . 5S .
SI
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QB): 3& . , 5S . QA'G) 3&

VI
, . 5S . Q C G)
SOLUTION (C):
Since , and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the
section is:
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 & '( 3 4(

0 < %&
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
&
'(
= >
) !
!
J
. ? @
0 J J J J
. Q)5)
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
< Q , )
+ . =Q >= > . 3M
, ( Q . ) ,
& , , ( )Q . ) ., ,
= ., ,
>
3 . , 5S . 3 Q)5)
. - , ( /
Q , )
M
* A A'G A J !8!, 3& 6 6 _ . :
3
_
O
3& ,. 5S .
. ,
.C
.
*A C G A J !8!, 3& ∅3 6 6 ∅ . :
M
3& . Q . , ) . , 5S .
U
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) Q0): 3& ,. 5S . QA'G) 3&
. , 5S . Q C G)
R
FO
KS
(Author of the Problem: Engr. Jaydee Lucero, 1st Placer November 2018 CE Board)
O
PROBLEM-4: A W24x162 beam 10-meter long is fixed at both ends and is laterally braced at
midspan. It is given a superimposed uniform dead load of 20 kN/m and a uniform live load,
O
both about strong axis. The properties of W24x162 (from AISC Steel Construction Manual)
FB
are:

PD
Depth,
Flange width,
J 76 8&5 6!!,
T
SI
Web thickness,
Area, A , ,
VI
,
57
Self-weight, !
Moments of Inertia about x-axis, 1( , ( ,
Moments of Inertia about y-axis, 1 ,( ,
Elastic Section Modulus about x-axis, '( , ,(
Plastic Section Modulus about x-axis, 4( , (

Specified Yield Strength of Steel, , 3M
REQUIRED: Calculate the maximum uniform live load that the beam can carry without
exceeding the allowable bending stress. Use NSCP 2001 Provisions.
SOLUTION:
a . a . , "0) & J 76"

√
Q ) 2 √ ,
a . a . , "0) & K6 "

, , , √
2 √ ,
M
O
*Working Formula for the limiting values for unbraced length:
.C

2
M
& → 8! 6 ! JJ6! 9 JL6 6 66
U
L → 8! 6 J 76! 9 JL6 6 66
R
FO
,, . , , .
KS
Q ) , Q )Q )
√ , , Q )
O
,, . , , .
O
& L
FB
& , L
PD
Since and the section is compact, check for slenderness:
Q ) Q )
T - [ Q )/? @
$ .
Q )T - [ Q )/Q )
T
SI
Actual Slenderness Ratio:
,
. ,,
VI
Moment Gradient Factor, 0 :
3 3
0 . + . ? @+ . ? @ .
3 3
3
→ Q+) ) )L J6 &L 9 L 6 Q.) ) !8 7J6 &L 9 L 6
3

J J
0 . + . : ,
J
;+ . : ,
J
; . . , L!6 0 .
*Limiting values for slenderness ratio:
.
, 0 , Q . )
,
.
, , 0 , , Q . )
,
Since
, 0
M
, the equation for allowable bending stress of beam is:
O
.
, , 0
.C
Allowable Bending Stress:
, . 3M . Q , ) , . 3M
, , Q )Q )Q . )
M
, Q , )
. , . . Q , ) , . 3M
, , 0
U

Since
R
FO
*The Maximum Allowable Uniform Live Load is:
3
3 ( J
KS
'( (
, Q . )
? c c @Q )
O
,
, . Q ) ∶ . ,
5S
, ,(
? @
O
Q , )
5S
FB
8 J A ! 6 W!8 7 S'0M M )98!8) !: . ,

PD
FOR COMPARISON: Using ASD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015. Calculate the maximum
T
uniform live load that the beam can carry without exceeding the allowable moment
SI
capacity.
VI
Torsional Constant, % , . (
Q )Q ) T- [ Q )/Q ) ,
Warping Constant, 0 , . (
,( Q [ )
,
. ,
2Q ,( )Q , . ( )
Effective Radius of Gyration, ! , ,(
C 8L! ) O 8) J) 7 . (8!, . ,,
,(
, ,

a . . . a
, √
Q ) ,
. , "0) & J 76"
a . . . a
[ Q ) , √
,
. , "0) & K6 "
. Q . ,, ) , ,. ,
,
,
M
O
. Q . , )=
,
>
, . ( Q . )
* +$ + . =
. Q , )Q , ,( )Q ,)
>
.C
. Q , ) Q , ,( )Q ,) , . ( Q , )Q . )
,, .
M
U
R
, ,. , ,, .
FO
Since , and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity
KS
of the section is:
Nominal Moment Capacity: 3 0 "3 . -3 . . '( / ? @# 3 4(

[
[
O
O
J
. ? @
0 J J J J
. Q)5)
FB
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
, ,
3 , . 5S .
, - , ( /
PD
Q , )
3 " , . .= , . . >= >#

. Q , )- , ,( / , [ , ,. ,
Q , ) ,, . [ , ,. ,
T
,, . 5S . 3 Q ) )5)
SI
'8 &6 3 3 , 3 3 , . 5S .
VI

3
_
3& , . , 5S .
, .
.
*The Maximum Allowable Uniform Live Load is:

, Q . )
= T T >Q )
3 ∶3 3& ∶ , . , ∶ ,.
J , 5S
( (
,.
5S
Final Answer Using NSCP 2010/2015 Provisions:

PROBLEM-5: A W920x449, A992 (grade 50) steel is to be used as simply supported beam to
resist a uniform load. The beam is laterally braced at the supports only.
PROPERTIES OF THE SECTION (W 920 mm x 449 kg/m)
G6 ,
J 76 8 , , ,
J 76 8&5 6!!, , .
K6 8&5 6!!, ,
J ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L ( . (8!, '( , (
J ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL! )L . (8!, ' , (
M
O
Given the following cases, determine the moment capacity of the section using NSCP 2001
.C
Code Provisions.
M
A.) Length of the beam is 4-meters.
B.) Length of the beam is 7-meters.
U
C.) Length of the beam is 11-meters.
R
D.) Length of the beam is 15-meters.
FO
Using NSCP 2001 Code Provisions:
KS
a ,. a . , "0) & J 76"

, , ,√ ,
Q, . ) , 2 √ ,
O
a . a . ,, , "0) & K6 "

, , √ ,
O
, 2 √ ,
FB
,, ., , . ,
Q, ,) , Q, ,)Q, . )
PD
√ , , Q )
,, ., , . ,
T
& L
SI
VI
*Determining the required properties and limiting values for actual slenderness ratio:
, . Q, ,) Q ,)
T - [ Q, . )/? @
$ . ,
, . Q, ,)T - [ Q, . )/Q ,)
, . , , Q ) 6 8 8 )
, 0 , Q . )
,
. QW 6 8 8 )
, , 0 , , Q . )
,

SOLUTION (A): If , ,,
'8 &6 & 6 !6& 8) 8! &) & , 6 JJ) J6 6 8 7 ! 6!! 8!:
AJJ) J6 B6 8 7 ' 6!!: .
. Q , ) . 3M
∶ 3& ,, . , 5S .
3& . - , ( /
'( Q , )
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): 3& ,, . , 5S .
M
SOLUTION (B): If
'8 &6 L 6 !6& 8) 8! &) & , 6 JJ) J6 6 8 7 ! 6!! 8!:
O
&
AJJ) J6 B6 8 7 ' 6!!: .
.C
. Q , ) 3M
M
∶ 3& , . 5S .
3& - , ( /
U
'( Q , )
R
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): 3& , . 5S .
FO
,
KS
SOLUTION (C): If
'8 &6 L 6 !6& 8) 8! &) & , check for slenderness ratio to determine the
O
equation to be used in calculating the allowable bending stress:

O
.
,
. ,
FB
Actual Slenderness Ratio,
, the equation(s) to be used for calculating the allowable

, 0 , , 0
PD
Since
bending stress are:
, , 0 = >
e . g
T

. ( 0
SI
d f
8& 696 6 87 6! ! J) 7 ! J6!! .
VI
, . , 3M
, , Q . )Q, ,)Q, . )
, Q )
, = . > . , , 3M
, Q . )
. ( Q . )
Governing Value is: , . , 3M . 3M Q)5)
Allowable Bending Stress, , . , 3M

∶ 3& , ., 5S .
3& , . , - , ( /
'( Q , )
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) Q0): 3& , ., 5S .
SOLUTION (D): If ,
'8 &6 L 6 !6& 8) 8! &) & , check for slenderness ratio to determine the
equation to be used in calculating the allowable bending stress:
. ,
,
. ,
, the equation(s) to be used for calculating the allowable bending
M
, , 0
Since
O
stress are:
, , 0 , , 0
.C

= >
M
U
8& 696 6 87 6! ! J) 7 ! J6!! .
. 3M
R
, , Q . )Q, ,)Q, . )
FO
, Q )
. ,, 3M
, , Q . )
,
KS
= >
. ,
. 3M . 3M Q)5)
O
Governing Value is:
. 3M
O
Allowable Bending Stress,
∶ 3& , . ,, 5S .
3& . - , ( /
FB
'( Q , )
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QG): 3& , . ,, 5S .

PD
T
FOR COMPARISON: Use ASD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015 for determining the moment
SI
capacity of the section based on each given cases.

VI
Gross Area, A7 Q, ,)Q, . ) + ,- . Q, . )/ , ,
$
, ,
( = >
Radius of Gyration along y-axis, , ,
. ,
Plastic Section Modulus about x-axis, 4( Q, ,)Q, . )Q, . )+

Q ,)Q, . )Q . ) , . ,(

Torsional Constant, % , . (
Q, ,)Q, . ) T- [ Q, . )/Q ,) ,
, ,
- ( /= >Q [, . )
Warping Constant, 0 ,
,, , . (
$
, ,
Q ( )= >Q ,,, . ( )
Effective Radius of Gyration, ! , (
.,
a ,. . . a
, , , √
Q, . ) , ,
M
. , , "0) & J 76"
O
,. . . a
[ Q, . ) , √
.C
, , ,
. , "0) & K6 "
M
U
R
A1'0 UL 8) : . $
FO
. Q . , ) ,, . ,
,
KS
,
O
%& . '(
O
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "

)
#
. '( ) % &
FB
PD
. Q ., )=
,
>
Q , . ( )Q . )
* +$ + . =Q
. Q , )Q , ( )Q . )
>
. Q , ) Q , ( )Q . ) , . ( )Q , )Q . )
T
, . ,
SI
VI
,, . , , . ,
SOLUTION(A): If , ,,
'8 &6 and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the section is:
Nominal Moment Capacity: 3 3 4(

3 , . 5S .
, - , . ,( /
Q , )

3
_
3& ,, ,,. 5S .
, .
.
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): 3& ,, ,,. 5S .
SOLUTION (B): 1 ,
M
'8 &6 and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the section
O
is:
.C
[
[
M
J
. ? @
0 a . . Q)5)
U
J J J J
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
3 , . 5S .
R
FO
, - , . ,( /
Q , )
3 " , . .= , . . >= >#

. Q , )- , ( / , [,, . ,
KS
Q , ) , . , [,, . ,
, . , 5S . 3 Q ) )5)
O
Since 3 3 , W!6 3 3 , . 5S .
O
FB

3
_
PD
3& ,, ,,. 5S .
, .
.
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QB): 3& ,, ,,. 5S .

T
SI
SOLUTION (C): 1 ,
VI
'8 &6 and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the section
is:

[
[
J
. ? @
0 J J J J
a . . Q)5)
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @

3 , . 5S .
, - , . ,( /
Q , )
3 " , . .= , . . >= >#

. Q , )- , ( / , [,, . ,
Q , ) , . , [,, . ,
, . , 5S . 3 Q)5)

3
_
3& ,, ., , 5S .
, . ,
.
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) Q0): 3& ,, ., , 5S .
M
O
SOLUTION (D): 1 ,
.C
'8 &6
M
and the section is compact, the nominal moment capacity of the section is:
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 & '( 3 4(
U
0 < %&
R
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
&
'( )
FO
= >
!
!
KS
J
. ? @
0 J J J J
a . . Q)5)
. ? @T ? @T,? @T ? @
O
< Q , )
+ . = >= > ., , 3M
Q , . ( )Q . ) ,
O
& , Q , ( )Q . ) .,
= >
.,
FB
3 ,, . 5S . 3 Q)5)
., , - , ( /
Q , )
PD

3
_
T
3& , . 5S .
,, .
SI
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QG): 3& , . 5S .

VI
PROBLEM-6: A 6-meter (grade 65) steel beam with a yield strength of 448 MPa is used as a
propped beam to carry a 2 kN/m uniform superimposed dead load from fixed support up to
midspan and a concentrated live load 2 m from the roller support. The beam is a W12x14
section having the given properties shown.
,.
S
Self-Weight, !

Area, A ,
Depth, . ,
Flange width, .
Flange thickness, .
Web thickness, .
Elastic Section Modulus about x-axis, '( , ,
[Using NSCP 2001 Provisions]:
M
A.) Compute the allowable bending stress of the beam if the compression flange of the
O
B.) Compute the value of the concentrated live load "M " that the beam could support
beam is laterally braced.
.C
safely if the compression flange of the beam is laterally braced.
beam has lateral supports only at its ends and M , 5S.
M
C.) Compute the allowable bending stress of the beam if the compression flange of the
U
R
SOLUTION(A): “If the compression flange of the beam is laterally braced,
FO ”
. , . . ,
.
KS
2 √,, Q . ) 2 √,,
“S) . 0) & J 76”

O
. , . , “Compact Web”
h . , , ,
O
ij . 2kl √,,
FB
PD
Since the flange is at Non-Compact State, the allowable bending stress is:
AJJ) J6 B6 8 7 ' 6!! ) ' ) 7 A(8!: " . . . #

T
,, = . . . = > √,, > . 3M

.
SI
Q . )
8 J A ! 6 ) YL6! 8) QA): . 3M
VI
SOLUTION(B):
The Maximum Moment of Propped beam is at fixed support.
[Moment at fixed support caused by self-weight]:
,. ,.
Q ) Q )
3 ,
+ " ,
# . , 5S .

[Moment at fixed support caused by superimposed dead load]:
3 m (+ m ( . 5S .
Q()Q [() Q() Q [()
Q ) Q )
[Moment at fixed support caused by live load]:
3 + = > M , 5S .
M Q,)Q ) M Q,) Q )
Q ) Q )
The Permissible value of Concentrated Live Load is:
= . , T . T M >Q , )
∶ . ∶M . 5S
3 (
'( Q , , )
M
Final Answer for Question (B): M . 5S
O
.C
, ” and M , 5S
M
SOLUTION(C): ”If the compression flange of the beam has lateral supports only at its ends,
U
R
. , . ,
Q . ) , Q . )Q . )
√,, ,, Q . ,)
FO
. , . ,
KS
& L
O
L and the section is compact, check for the slenderness ratio to determine the
O
Since
equation(s) to be used in calculating the allowable bending stress:
FB
*Determining the limiting values for actual slenderness ratio:

'8 &6 3 Q )JJ6 !L ) ) 3 3 Q 8(6 !L ) ), the moment gradient
PD
factor to be used is:
0 . + . =3 > + . =3 > : 0 . + . =3> + . =3> .

3 3
T
3) 6 O 86 & ) ,0 .
SI
VI
. Q . ) Q . )
T - . ,[ Q . )/? @
$ ,. ,
. Q . )T - . ,[ Q . )/Q . )
, .
,
,. ,
., ,
, 0 , Q . )
,,
(Lower Limit)
. , , (Upper Limit)
, , 0 , , Q . )
,,

, , 0
Since , the equation(s) to be used in calculating the allowable bending
stress are:
, , 0 , , 0

= >
8& 696 6 87 6! ! J) 7 ! J6!! .
, . , 3M
, , Q . )Q . )Q . )
, Q . ,)
. 3M
, , Q . )
,
= >
M
,. ,
, . , 3M . 3M Q)5)
O
Governing Value is:
, . , 3M
.C
Final Answer for Question (C):
M
U
FOR COMPARISON: Using NSCP 2010/2015 ASD Provisions
R
COMPLETING THE REQUIRED PROPERTIES OF THE SECTION:
FO
1 = >+- . ,. Q . )/ = > , .
. Q . ) Q . ) ,
. ,
, .
KS
% ,, .
Q . )Q . ) T- . ,[ Q . )/Q . ) ,
O
O
0 ., , (
Q , . )Q . ,[ . )
,
FB
,. , ,, ,
2Q , . )Q ., , ( )
! , ,
PD
4( Q . )Q . )Q , . , )+ Q . )Q , . )Q . )Q , . )
, .
T
SI
VI
SOLUTION(A): “If the compression flange of the beam is laterally braced, ”
. . . , .
, .
,, Q . )
. . . ,
,
,,
“S) . 0) & J 76”
. ojp . .
n . ,[ Q . ) ,
ij . ,,
. ,,,, ,, “Compact Web”

Since the flange is at Non-Compact State, the nominal moment capacity of the section is:
Nominal Moment Capacity: 3 3 . -3 . . '( / ? @ 3 4(

[
[
3 . 5S .
,, Q , . )
Q , )
3 " . .= . . >= >#

. Q,, )Q , , ) . [ . ,
Q , ) . [ . ,
. , 5S . 3 Q)5)
3& ., 5S . QA'G)
3 . ,
_ .
. 3M
3& @A'G ., Q , )
M
'( , ,
O
. 3M
.C
Final Answer for Question (A):
M
SOLUTION (B):
U
The Maximum Moment of Propped beam is at fixed support.
R
[Moment at fixed support caused by self-weight]:
FO
,. ,.
Q ) Q )
3 ,
+ " ,
# . , 5S .
KS
[Moment at fixed support caused by superimposed dead load]:
3 m (+ m ( . 5S .
Q()Q [() Q() Q [()
O
Q ) Q )
O
FB
[Moment at fixed support caused by live load]:
3 + = > M , 5S .
M Q,)Q ) M Q,) Q )
Q ) Q )
PD
The Permissible value of Concentrated Live Load is:

T
= . , T . T M >Q , )
∶ . ∶M ,. 5S
3 (
SI
'( Q , , )
Final Answer for Question (B): M ,. 5S

VI
, ” and M , 5S
SOLUTION(C): ”If the compression flange of the beam has lateral supports only at its ends,
AISC Equation: .

. Q . , ) . ,
,
M ,,
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
#
. '( ) % &
. Q ,. , ,, ,) =
,
>
Q ,, . )Q . )
$ + + . =Q
. Q,, )Q , , )Q . ,)
>
. Q,, ) Q , , )Q . ,) ,, . )Q , )Q . )
, .
M
. , , .
O
.C
Since , the nominal moment capacity of the section:
S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 '( 3 4(
M
&
U
0 < %&
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
R
&
'(
= >
) !
FO
!
3A . . , + ., , =,> . =,> = > =,> . , 5S .

KS
3B . . , + ., , = > . = >= >= > . 5S .

O
30 . . , + ., , ?, Q )@ . Q ) =, Q ) . > . ,Q . )
O
. 5S .
FB
3 ( . , 5S .
0 . . Q)5)
. Q . , )
PD
. Q . , )T Q . , )T,Q . )T Q . )
T
+ . =Q > = ,., ,, >

. -< /Q , ) Q ,, . )Q . ) ,
SI
& , , , )Q . ,) ,
= >
., 3M
,., ,, ,
VI
3 . 5S . 3 Q)5)
., Q , , )
Q , )
3& ., 5S .
3 .
_ .
. , , 3M
3& @A'G ., Q , )
'( , ,
Final Answer for Question (C): . , , 3M

PROBLEM-7: Using ASD and LRFD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015, determine the flexural
capacity of W14x68 with a yield strength of 345 MPa steel beam subject to:
A.) Continuous lateral support
B.) An unbraced length of 6.1 m with lateral-torsional buckling modification factor
equal to 1.00
C.) An unbraced length of 9.2 m with lateral-torsional buckling modification factor
equal to 1.00
Area, A , .
M
Depth, .
O
. ,
.C
Web thickness,
Flange width, ,
M
Flange thickness,
Elastic Section Modulus about x-axis, '( , . (
U
R
Plastic Section Modulus about x-axis, 4( , ,. (
FO
Moment of Inertia about y-axis, 1 . ,( ,
. , ,
KS
Radius of Gyration along y-axis,
Torsional Constant, % , . ( ,
O
O
FB
0 ,, . , (
- . ,( /Q . [ . )
,
PD
. ,
2Q . ,( )Q ,, . , ( )
! , . (
T
SI
*Checking for the compactness of section:
a . ,, . . a
, ,
VI
√
Q . ) ,
. , , "0) & J 76"
a . . . a
. [ Q . ) , √
. , ,
. , "0) & K6 "

A1'0 UL 8) : . $
. Q . , ,) , , .
,
,
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
#
. '( ) % &
M
O
)Q . ) *
. Q . , )= > +$ + . = >
, Q , . ( . Q , )Q , . ( )Q . )
. Q , ) Q , . ( )Q . ) Q , . ( )Q , )Q . )
.C
, . ,
M
U
, , . , . ,
R
FO
KS
SOLUTION(A): Continuous lateral support:


O
O
3 3 . , 5S .
, - , ,. ( /
Q , )
FB
3& @ A'G . 5S .
3 . ,
_ .
PD
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q . ,) . , 5S .
Final Answer for Question (A): 3& @ A'G . 5S . 3& @ C G

. , 5S .
T
SI
. ) & 0 .
VI
SOLUTION(B): Unbraced length of 6.1 m:

is:

[
[
3 . " . ,.= . ,. >= >#

. Q , )- , . ( / [ , .
Q , ) . , [ , .
. , 5S . 3 Q)5)

3& @ A'G . 5S .
3 . ,
_ .
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q . , ) , ,. , , 5S .
Final Answer for Question (B): 3& @ A'G . 5S . 3& @ C G

, ,. , , 5S .
SOLUTION(C): Unbraced length of 9.2 m: . ) & 0 .

S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 & '( 3 4(
M
0 < %&
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
O
&
'(
= >
) !
.C
!
M
+ . =Q >= >
Q . )-< /Q , ) Q , . ( )Q . ) ,
& , , . ( )Q . ) . ,
= >
U
. ,, 3M
. ,
3 . , , 5S .
R 3
. ,, - , . ( /
FO
Q , )
3& @ A'G . 5S .
3 . , ,
_ .
KS
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q . , , ) ., 5S .
Final Answer for Question (B): 3& @ A'G . 5S . 3& @ C G

O
., 5S .
O
FB
PD
PROBLEM -8: A 9-meter W30x99 simply supported steel beam with specified yield strength
of 345 MPa is used to resist the following loads:
- Uniform superimposed dead load of 15 kN/m
T
- Uniform live load of 45 kN/m

SI
- Concentrated dead load of 70 kN acting 3 m from left end support

- Concentrated live load of 140 kN acting 3m from left end support
VI
Using LRFD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015. Determine whether the W30x99 steel beam is
adequate for flexure only. The uniform load does not include the weight of the beam.
Lateral supports only at both ends and at the point of application of concentrated load.
Area, A , ,.
Depth, ,.
Web thickness, .
Flange width, .

Flange thickness, .
Elastic Section Modulus about x-axis, '( ,, , . (
Plastic Section Modulus about x-axis, 4( , . ,(
Moment of Inertia about y-axis, 1 . ( ,
Radius of Gyration along y-axis, . ,
M
SOLUTION:
O
→ . ,,
J 5S
.C
Self-weight,
Warping Constant, 0 , . (
- . ( /Q ,. [ . )
M
,
U
.
2Q . ( )Q , . ( )
! ,,, . (
R
Effective Radius of Gyration,
FO
KS
a . . . a
. , √
Q . ) ,
. , , "0) & J 76"
O
a ,. . . a
,. [ Q . ) , √
O
. ,
. , "0) & K6 "
FB
PD
A1'0 UL 8) : . $
T
SI
VI
. Q . ,) , . ,
,
,
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
#
. '( ) % &

. Q . )=
,
>
Q , . ( )Q . ) * +$ + . =Q
. Q , )Q,,, . ( )Q . )
>
. Q , ) Q,,, . ( )Q . ) , . ( )Q , )Q . )
, .
, . , , .
M
*Determining the value of lateral-torsional buckling modification factor:
Since we are going to analyze the problem using LRFD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015. The
O
applied loads should be at ultimate state.
) 0) 8 8) : W . G+ .
.C
ML . MG + . M . Q )+ . Q , ) 5S
M
. + . . Q . ,, + ) + . Q, ) . ,
5S
U
L G
R
[Support Reactions]:
FO
C . 5S QL )
Q )T . ,Q )Q,. )
6
CC87 ., 5S QL )
Q )T . ,Q,. )
KS

O
O
*Determining the Maximum Moment and its location:

[To locate the maximum moment take XQ() equal to zero]:
FB
XQ() . ( . Q( . ) . . ,( . . . ,(
1 XQ() :( . QJ)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6 )
PD
3Q() . (. Q( . ) . , . ( @ ( .
3 . Q . ). Q . . ).
T
(
, . Q . ) , ,, . 5S .
SI
3 , ,, . 5S . @ ( .
VI
Since the location of the maximum is in the range of ( , the 3 (

unbraced length is 3 ( , ,, . 5S .
at 6-meter
[Considering the 3-meter unbraced length]:
3A . Q . ). . ,Q . )Q . ) , . 5S .
3B . Q . ). . ,Q . )Q . ) ,. 5S .

30 . Q . ). . ,Q . )Q . ) , . 5S .
3 ( . Q ). . ,Q . )Q ) , ,, . 5S .
0 . , .
. Q ,,, . )
. Q ,,, . )T Q, . )T,Q ,. )T Q , . )
3A . Q,. ) . Q . ). . ,Q . )Q,. ) , . 5S .
3B . Q ). Q ). . ,Q . )Q ) , . 5S .
30 . Q . ). Q,. ) . . ,Q . )Q . ) . , 5S .
M
3 ( , ,, . 5S .
O
0 . , .
. Q ,,, . )
.C
. Q ,,, . )T Q , . )T,Q , . )T Q . , )
M
U
*Determining the moment capacity of the section:
R
[Considering the 3-meter unbraced length]: FO
is:
KS

[
[
O
3 , . 5S .
, - , . ,( /
Q , )
O
3 . , " , . .= , . .
FB
>= ># , . 5S . 3 Q ) )5)

. Q , )-,,, . ( / , [ , . ,
PD
Q , ) , . [ , . ,
Since 3 3 , use 3 3 , . 5S .
T
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q , . ) , . 5S .
SI
VI

is:

[
[
3 , . 5S .
, - , . ,( /
Q , )

3 . , " , . .= , . .
>= ># ,, . 5S . 3 Q)5)

. Q , )-,,, . ( / , [ , . ,
Q , ) , . [ , . ,
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q ,, . ) , . , 5S .
*Least Governs:
Moment Capacity, 3& @ C G , . , 5S .
M
Since 3 ( , ,, . 5S . 3& , . , 5S .
O
,
.C
Final Answer: Section W30x99 is INADEQUATE
M
U
PROBLEM-9: A W24x76 A992 (grade 50) steel is used as a simply supported beam with a
span of 12-meters. The only load in addition to the beam weight is a uniform live load. If the
R
lateral support is provided 5-meters from the left end support. What is the maximum FO
service live load in kN/m that can be supported? Use LRFD Provisions of NSCP 2010/2015.
KS
Area, A ,, , . ,
O
.
O
Depth,
.
FB
Web thickness,
Flange width, . ,
.
PD
Flange thickness,
Elastic Section Modulus about x-axis, '( , ,. (
Plastic Section Modulus about x-axis, 4( , ., (

T
Moment of Inertia about y-axis, 1 ,. (

SI
, .
VI
Radius of Gyration along y-axis,
SOLUTION:
→ .
J 5S
Self-weight,

Warping Constant, 0 , . ,(
- ,. ( /Q . [ . )
,
. , ,
2Q ,. ( )Q , . ,( )
Effective Radius of Gyration, ! , ,. (
a . . . a
. , , √
Q . ) ,
. , , "0) & J 76"
a . . . a
. [ Q . ) , √
M
. ,
. , "0) & K6 "
O
.C
M
A1'0 UL 8) : .
U
$
R
FO
. Q, . ) , . , ,
,
,
KS
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
#
. '( ) % &
O
O
FB
. Q . , , )=
,
>
Q , . ( )Q . ) * +$ + . =
. Q , )Q , ,. ( )Q . )
>
. Q , ) Q , ,. ( )Q . ) Q , . ( )Q , )Q . )
PD
, , ., ,
T
, . , , , , ., ,
SI
VI
*Determining the lateral-torsional buckling modification factor:

) 0) 8 8) : W . G+ .
But in this problem, we can’t provide the actual value of factored uniform load since the
problem requiring us to determine the safe service uniform live load. So in this case we can

use L to represent the factored uniform load. The support reactions and moment we can
get from the analysis is in terms of L .
C 6 CC87 L
3A LQ . ). LQ . )Q . ) . L
3B LQ . ). LQ . )Q . ) . L
30 LQ . ). LQ . )Q . ) .,
M
L
3 LQ ). LQ . )Q ) .
O
( L
0 a . . Q)5)
. Q . L) ,
.C
. Q . L )T Q . L )T,Q . L )T Q ., L)
M
U
3A LQ . ). LQ . )Q . ) .
R
L
FO
3B LQ . ). LQ . )Q . ) ,. L
30 LQ . ). LQ . )Q . ) . L
KS
3 (
L
Q ) L
O
0 a . . Q)5)
. Q L)
. Q L )T Q . L )T,Q ,. L )T Q . L)
O
FB
*Determining the moment capacity of the section:

PD

T
is:
SI

[
[
VI
3 , . , 5S .
, - , ., ( /
Q , )
3 = , . , .= , . , .
,
>= > > , ., 5S . 3 Q)5)

. Q , )- , ,. ( / , [ , . , ,
Q , ) , , ., , [ , . , ,
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q , ., ) , . 5S .


S) 8 J 3) 6 0 &8 : 3 & '( 3 4(
0 < %&
6 6 $ + . ? @? @
&
'( )
= >
!
!
< Q , )
+ . =Q >= > . , 3M
Q , . ( )Q . ) ,
& , , ,. ( )Q . ) . , ,
= >
. , ,
3 . , 5S . 3 Q)5)
. , - , ,. ( /
M
Q , )
O
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q . , ) . , 5S .
.C
Least Govern: 3& @ C G ∅3 . , 5S .
M
U
. , ∶ .
Q . Q . )T . )Q ) 5S
.
R 5S
FO
Final Answer:
KS
PROBLEM-10: A W18x119 (grade 50) simply supported beam having a span of 11-meters is
O
subjected to carry a superimposed uniform dead load & live load of 50kN/m and 15kN/m
respectively from the left end support up to midspan and a concentrated live load of 130kN
O
acting at midspan. The beam has a lateral support at both ends, at midspan and at 2.75-
FB
meters from the left end support. Check for adequacy of the section using LRFD Provisions
of NSCP2010/2015.
PD
Area, A , , .
, .
T
Depth,
.
SI
Web thickness,
.
VI
Flange width,
Flange thickness, . ,
Elastic Section Modulus about x-axis, '( , ., (
Plastic Section Modulus about x-axis, 4( ,, ., (
Moment of Inertia about y-axis, 1 . ( ,
Radius of Gyration along y-axis, .
Torsional Constant, % ,, , . ( ,

SOLUTION:
→ .
J 5S
Self-weight,
Warping Constant, 0 ,, . (
- . ( /Q, . [ . ,)
,
.
2Q . ( )Q ,, . ( )
Effective Radius of Gyration, ! , ., (
M
a . . . a
. , √
O
Q . ,) ,
. , , "0) & J 76"
.C
a . . . a
, . [ Q . ,) , √
M
. ,
. , "0) & K6 "
U
R
FO
A1'0 UL 8) : . $
KS
O
. Q . ) , .
,
,
O
FB
%& . '(
A1'0 UL 8) : . !" #$ * +$ + . "
)
#
. '( ) % &
PD
T
)Q . ) *
. Q . )= > +$ + . = >
, Q,,, . ( . Q , )Q , ., ( )Q, . )
SI
. Q , ) Q , ., ( )Q, . ) Q,,, . ( )Q , )Q . )
,, .
VI
, . ,, .
*Determining the lateral-torsional buckling modification factor:


) 0) 8 8) : W . G+ .
At midspan:
ML . MG + . M . Q )+ . Q ) 5S
From left end support up to midspan:
5S
L . G + . . Q )+ . Q ) ,
All throughout the span:
5S
L . G + . . Q . )+ . Q ) .
M
O
.C
C , . 5S QL )
Q . )T . Q )Q . )T ,Q . )Q . )
6
M
CC87 . 5S QL )
Q . )T . Q )Q . )T ,Q . )Q . )
R
FO
*Determining the Maximum Moment and its location:
[To locate the maximum moment take XQ() equal to zero]:
KS
*At first 2.75-meters unbraced length:
XQ() , . ( . . ( . ,( ( .
O
O
*At second 2.75-meters unbraced length:
XQ() , . ( . . ( . ,( . ( .
FB
PD
*At 5.5-meters unbraced length:
XQ() , . ( . Q( . . ) . . (., Q( . . ) . (
T
SI
*By Investigation, the location of maximum moment is in the range of 2.75 m < x < 5.5 m
1 XQ() :( . , QJ)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6 )
VI
3Q() , . (., . , ( @ ( . ,
3 ( , . Q . , )., . , Q . , ) , . 5S .
3 ( , . 5S . @ ( . ,
Since the location of the maximum is in the range of . ( . , the 3 (

second 2.75-meter unbraced length is 3 ( , . 5S .
at the

[Considering the first 2.75-meter unbraced length]:
3A , . Q . )., . , Q . ) . , 5S .
3B , . Q . )., . , Q . ) . 5S .
30 , . Q . )., . , Q . ) . , 5S .
3 ( , . Q . )., . , Q . ) ,,. 5S .
0 . , . Q)5)
. Q ,,. )
. Q ,,. )T Q . , )T,Q . )T Q . , )
M
[Considering the second 2.75-meter unbraced length]:
3A , . Q ., )., . , Q ., ) , ., , , 5S .
O
3B , . Q,. )., . , Q,. ) , . , 5S .
.C
30 , . Q,. )., . , Q,. ) , . 5S .
M
3 ( , . 5S .
U
0 . , . Q)5)
. Q , . )
R
. Q , . )T Q , ., , ,)T,Q , . , )T Q , . )
FO
[Considering the 5.5-meter unbraced length]:
KS
3A , . Q . ). Q . . . ). . , Q . ) ., Q . . . )
. 5S .
O
3B , . Q . ). Q . . . ). . , Q . ) ., Q . . . )
. 5S .
O
30 , . Q . ). Q . . . ). . , Q . ) ., Q . . . )
FB
. 5S .
3 , . Q . ). Q . . . ). . , Q . ) ., Q . . . )
PD
(
, . , 5S .
0 . , . Q)5)
. Q , . , )
T
. Q , . , )T Q . )T,Q . )T Q . )
SI
VI
[Considering the first and second 2.75-meter unbraced length]:

3 ,, . 5S .
, -,, ., ( /
Q , )
3& @ C G . Q ,, . ) , . , 5S .
Moment Capacity: 3& , . , 5S .

[Considering the 5.5-meter unbraced length]:

is:

[
[
3 ,, . 5S .
, -,, ., ( /
Q , )
3 . , = ,, . .= ,, . .
>= > > , . 5S . 3 Q ) )5)

. Q , )- , ., ( / , [ , .
Q , ) ,, . [ , .
M
Since 3 3 , W!6 3 3 ,, . 5S .
O
3& @ C G ∅3 . Q ,, . ) , . , 5S .
.C
Moment Capacity: 3& , . , 5S .
M
U
Since 3 ( , . 5S . 3& , . , 5S .
R
FO
Final Answer: Section W18x119 is ADEQUATE
KS
O
O
FB
PD
T
SI
VI

Steel Design Problems With Solution (Using NSCP 2001, 2010 and 2015) PDF

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STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN

STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN

C.E. Board Passer, Civil Engineering Board Examination November 2018

Quezon City Branch

Former Structural Design Engineer, Sy^2 + Associates, Inc. (formerly known as

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 1

Table 502.4.2 Limiting Width-Thickness Ratios for Compression Elements

– limiting slenderness parameter for compact flange

– limiting slenderness parameter for non-compact flange

Table 502.4.2 Limiting Width-Thickness Ratios for Compression Elements

– slenderness parameter for web

– limiting slenderness parameter for non-compact web

Sections 506.2-5 and 506.2-6 of NSCP 2010/2015:

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 2

– effective radius of gyration, mm

Section 506.2-7 of NSCP 2010/2015:

) – center to center distance between flanges, mm

formula given, but this is extremely conservative.

*Determining the Nominal Moment Capacity of the Section:

- the compression flange is COMPACT

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 3

- the compression flange is NON-COMPACT

- the compression flange is SLENDER

- regardless the state of the compression flange.

when both ends of the unsupported segment are braced.

- regardless the state of the compression flange.

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 4

*Lateral-torsional buckling modification factor:

Section 506.1-1 of NSCP 2010/2015:

*Determining the Moment Capacity of the Section:

being divided by a factor of safety (D) to get the moment capacity:

3& @ C G H3 6 6 I . (for bending)

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 5

corresponding lateral-torsional buckling modification factor, 0 ?

B.) What is the ultimate moment capacity of the beam, in kN-m?

MJ ! 8& '6& 8) 3) LJL!, 4( ,. ,(

G8! &6 6 66 J 76 &6 )8 !, )

6& 896 C 8L! ) O 8) , !

P86J ' 6 7 ) ' 66J, , 3M

*Reaction Force at Left End Support:

.CA Q ) + . = > Q )Q,) + - . Q )+ . Q )/Q ) = > : CA . 5S

*Reaction Force at Right End Support:

CB Q ) . . = > Q )Q,) . - . Q )+ . Q )/Q ) = > : CB . 5S

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 6

Lateral Torsional Buckling Modification Factor, 0 .

∗W 8 ) J G8! 8 L 6 : '6J . K687 , KL . = > .

3 ( . Q,. ,) . . Q,. ,) . Q,. ,) :

'8 &6 6 J)& 8) ) 6 (8 L ) 6 8! 8 6 76 , (

[At first 4-meter unbraced segment of the beam]:

3 ( . Q,) . . Q,)Q ) . Q, )Q,) = > Q,) ,. , 5S .

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 7

[At second 4-meter unbraced segment of the beam]:

. . . , , , "0) & J 76"

., . . , "0) & K6 "

*Check for the unbraced length of the beam:

*Limiting values for unbraced length:

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 8

A!!L 8 7 G , 6 6 ) 6 6 6 J) &) 8 8) 8 6 ! ) G 8!:

*Determining the location of the maximum moment:

Engr. John Edgar Del Prado Delos Reyes,CE. 9

'N M: , → =( + > = + + >

*Moment Equation of the beam:

+ + 6& L!6 ( ! )LJ ) 6 67 896 9 JL6.