UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA (UTeM)

FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

DAN PEMBUATAN (FTKMP)

BMMV 3043 (VIBRATION ANALYSIS)

TUTORIAL SEMESTER I YEAR 2019/2020

1. Give two examples each of the advantages and the disadvantages of vibration.

2. What are the three elementary parts of a vibrating system?

3. Define the number of degrees of freedom of a vibrating system.

4. Figure 1 shows a human body and a restraint system at the time of an automobile collision. Suggest a
simple mathematical model by considering the elasticity, mass, and damping of the seat, human body,
and restraints for a vibration analysis of the system.

Figure 1: A human body and a restraint system.

5. A car moving over a rough road Figure 2 can be modeled considering

(a) weight of the car body, passengers, seats, front wheels, and rear wheels;
(b) elasticity of tires (suspension), main springs, and seats; and
(c) damping of the seats, shock absorbers, and tires. Develop three mathematical models of the system
using a gradual refinement in the modeling process.
 Figure 2: A car moving on a rough road.

6. What is the difference between deterministic and random vibration? Give two practical examples of
each.

7. The consequences of a head-on collision of two cars can be studied by considering the impact of the
car on a barrier, as shown in Figure 1. Construct a mathematical model by considering the masses of the
car body, engine, transmission, and suspension and the elasticity of the bumpers, radiator, sheet metal
body, driveline, and engine mounts.

Figure 1: A car colliding with a barrier.

8. An industrial press is mounted on a rubber pad to isolate it from its foundation. If the rubber pad is
compressed 5 mm by the self weight of the press, find the natural frequency of the system.

9. A spring-mass system has a natural period of 0.21 s. What will be the new period if the spring constant
is (a) increased by 50% and (b) decreased by 50%?

10. A spring-mass system has a natural frequency of 10 Hz. When the spring constant is reduced by 800
N/m, the frequency is altered by 45%. Find the mass and spring constant of the original system.
11. A helical spring, when fixed at one end and loaded at the other, requires a force of 100 N to produce
an elongation of 10 mm. The ends of the spring are now rigidly fixed, one end vertically above the other,
and a mass of 10 kg is attached at the middle point of its length. Determine the time taken to complete
one vibration cycle when the mass is set vibrating in the vertical direction.

12. The maximum velocity attained by the mass of a simple harmonic oscillator is 10 cm/s, and the period
of oscillation is 2 s. If the mass is released with an initial displacement of 2 cm, find
(a) the amplitude,
(b) the initial velocity,
(c) the maximum acceleration,
(d) the phase angle.

13. An automobile having a mass of 2000 kg deflects its suspension springs 0.02 m under static conditions.
Determine the natural frequency of the automobile in the vertical direction by assuming damping to be
negligible.

14. An undamped single-degree-of-freedom system has a mass of 1 kg and a stiffness of 2500 N/m. Find
the magnitude and the phase of the response of the system when the initial displacement is -2 mm and
initial velocity of 100 mm/s.

15. A reciprocating pump, of mass 75 kg, is mounted at the middle of a steel plate of thickness 13 mm,
width 500 mm, and length 2.5 m, clamped along two edges as shown in Figure 1. During operation of the
pump, the plate is subjected to a harmonic force, F(t) = 250 cos 62.8t N. Find the amplitude of vibration
of the plate.

Figure 1: Plate supporting an unbalanced pump.

16. A weight of 50 N is suspended from a spring of stiffness 4000 N/m and is subjected to a harmonic
force of amplitude 60 N and frequency 6 Hz. Find
(a) the extension of the spring due to the suspended weight,
(b) the static displacement of the spring due to the maximum applied force,
(c) the amplitude of forced motion of the weight.

17. A spring-mass system is subjected to a harmonic force whose frequency is close to the natural
frequency of the system. If the forcing frequency is 39.8 Hz and the natural frequency is 40.0 Hz,
determine the period of beating.

18. Consider a spring-mass system, with k = 4000 N/m and m = 10 kg, subject to a harmonic force F(t) =
400 cos 10t N. Find and plot the total response of the system under the following initial conditions:.

19. A mass m is suspended from a spring of stiffness 4000 N/m and is subjected to a harmonic force
having an amplitude of 100 N and a frequency of 5 Hz. The amplitude of the forced motion of the mass
is observed to be 20 mm. Find the value of m.

20. A spring-mass system with m = 10 kg and k = 5000 N/m is subjected to a harmonic force of amplitude
250 N and frequency ὠ. If the maximum amplitude of the mass is observed to be 100 mm, find the value
of ὠ.

21. A Rochelle salt crystal, having a voltage sensitivity of 0.098 V-m/N and thickness 2 mm, produced
an output voltage of 200 volts under pressure. Find the pressure applied to the crystal.

22. A spring-mass system with m = 0.5 kg and k = 10,000 N/m, with negligible damping, is used as a
vibration pickup. When mounted on a structure vibrating with an amplitude of 4 mm, the total
displacement of the mass of the pickup is observed to be 12 mm. Find the frequency of the vibrating
structure.

23. Determine the maximum percent error of a vibrometer in the frequency-ratio range 4 ≤ r < ꝏ with a
damping ratio of ξ͚ = 0.

24. Solve Problem No. 3 with a damping ratio of ξ͚ = 0.67.