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Trapezoidal Rule:
b
Simpson’s Rule
b
Third, Now that we have the subintervals, each endpoint becomes an a value.
Endpoint a0 = 0
Endpoint a1= .5
Endpoint a2 = 1
Endpoint a3 = 1.5
Endpoint a4 = 2
Fourth, plug each a value into f(x) to generate the values needed for the trapezoidal rule.
F(0) = 0
F(.5)=.3536
F(1) = 1
F(1.5)= 1.8371
F(2) = 2.8284
First, Find h.
h= (b-a)/4 = (3-1)/4 = .5
Fourth, plug each x value into f(x) to determine the y values needed in the formula
1
y 0= =1
1
1
y 1= =.6667
1.5
1
y 2= =.5
2
1
y 3= =.4
2.5
1
y 4 = =.3333
3
C Applications
f ( x)
2
rms 1
ba dx
a
. Find the root – mean – square value of the voltage in volts over
the interval [0.5, 4.5]
4.5
Plugging into the formula we have rms =
√ 1
∫
4.5−5 0.5
[ 4 cos (2 πt) ]
2
rms=
4.5
√ 1
∫
4 0.5
16 cos 2 ( 2 πt ) dt =
1
4 √ 2
√
∗16 ∫ cos 2 ( 2 πt ) dt = 4 ∫ cos ( 2 πt ) dt = 2
0.5 0.5
√∫ 0.5
cos 2 (2 πt ) dt
1+cos (4 πt)
cos 2 ( 2 πt )=
2
4.5
rms=2
-
√ ∫
.5
1+cos (4 πt)
2
4.5 1 1 1
1+ cos (4 πt) t+ sin ( 4 πt) 4.5+ sin (4 π 4.5) .5+ sin (4 π .5)
∫ = 4π 4.5 = 4π - 4π =
2 ¿.5
.5 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
4.5+ sin (18 π) .5+ sin (2 π ) 4.5+ (0) .5+ (0) 4.5 .5 4
4π - 4π = 4π - 4π = - = =2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
q=∫ i dt
2
So, q=∫ 4 t +7 dt
4
q= t 3+7 t +C
3
4
0= 03 +7( 0)+C
3
0=C
4
q= t 3+7 t
3
Finally, we can determine the total charge at t= 2 s by plugging 2 into the q function.
4
q ( 2 ) = ( 2 )3 +7 ( 2 ) =24.667
3
Example 5: The Voltage across a 5.0-µF capacitor is zero. What is the Voltage after
20ms if a current of 75mA charges the capacitor?
1
V c= idt
C∫
1 −2 7.5 X 10−2 4 4
V c= −6 ∫ ( 7.5 X 10 ) dt = −6 ∫
dt =1.5 X 10 ∫ dt =( 1.5 X 10 ) t+ C
5.0 X 10 5.0 X 10