Management Principles & Practices

Unit-1
Managing People Is Not Easy!
 Definitions of Management
According to Harold Koontz,
● Management is the art of getting things done
through and with the people in formally
organized groups.

According to Terry. G.,

● Management is a process of planning,
organizing, actuating and controlling to
determine and accomplish the objectives by the
use of people and resources.
 Definitions of Management conti..
● Management is concerned with resources,
tasks and goals. It is the process of planning,
organizing, staffing, directing and controlling to
accomplish organizational objectives through
the coordinated use of human and material
resources.
 Different Ways of Looking at
Management
● Management as a NOUN.
● Management as a PROCESS.
● Management as a GROUP/TEAM.
● Management as a DISCIPLINE.
● Management as an ACTIVITY.
 Scope of Management
● Management as an economic resource.
● Management as a system of authority.
● Management as a class OR Elite.
Characteristics/Nature of Management
● Management is intangible.
● Management is goal oriented.
● Management is universal.
● Management is a social process.
● Management is a group activity.
● Management is a system of authority.
 Characteristics/Nature of
Management conti..
● Management is an activity.
● Management is dynamic.
● Management is a science as well as an art.
● Management is multidisciplinary.
 Importance of Management
● Optimum use of resources.
● Effective leadership and motivation.
● Establishes sound industrial relations.
● Achievement of goals.
● Change and growth.
● Improves standard of living.
 Meaning of Administration
According to Haimann,
● Administration refers to the overall
determination of policies, the setting of major
objectives and the laying out of broad
programmes.
 Opinions about Administration
● Administration is broader than management.
● Administration is part of management.
● Management and administration are identical
 Distinction between Administration
and Management
● Nature
● Scope
● Level
● Skills needed
● Represents
● Usage
Management: Science OR Art?
 Management as a Science
Science: An organized or systematised body of
knowledge pertaining to a specific field of
enquiry.
Properties of science:
● Systematic body of knowledge
● Scientific enquiry and observation
● Experimentation
● Universal truths
 Management as a Science cont..
Management is a science because it has all the
characteristics of science:
● Systematised body of knowledge
● Management is a social science
● Management is an inexact science
● Manager vs. Scientist
● Scientific management
 Management as an Art
Art: It is the application of knowledge and
personal skills to achieve results.
Properties of Art:
● Application of knowledge & personal skills
● Way of living
● It can be improved through constant practice
 Management as an Art conti..
The arguments in favor of management as an
art run thus:
● Use of knowledge
● Creative art
● Personalised
● Constant practice
Management: Science as well as Art
Management as a Profession
 Characteristics of a Profession
● Well-defined body of knowledge
● Formal education and training
● Minimum qualification
● Representative body
● Service above self
● Ethical code of conduct
 Management as a Profession
● Well-defined body of knowledge
● Formal education and training
● Represemtative body
● Code of conduct
● Service motto