Bosrun B.B. ABTOBH3SHEC TEXHHKA CEPBHC SATMYACTH Tom i 2003fs} YAK 334 BBK 65.9(2Pocj09 BO7 © Boarun B.B. ABTOBHSHEC. Texnuxa, cepsuc, samuacra. B 2x momax. - M.: Hanareascko-Keurotoprosriti weHTp «MapKeruurs, 2003. — 848¢ Sra xtra - exmcTeeHHBIM 8 PoccHtt crown mpodecciioHeabwoll rucopmarunt 0 co- BPeMEHULIX MeTomaX cileTeMHO’ oprasmiawiM, MapKeTIMra i MelemKMEHTA B Topro“ne TexiiKofi, pemouTe 1 OGcayACIBAHIN, OLIN AAs NCEX BIGLOB KOAECHOM Ht TyCeHHOM TeX: ‘brrareato mpemnaraetes mmokecTBo EpaKTiMeck NeMHOH HuchopMaNN o npaKTHKE ji erpuévioropos amaepon sepyGenuusix MpoayueHTos aBToMoGiiell, Tpaicropon xt j4pyiiix MAUI pASHBIX CTPAHAX 11 Ha POCCHCKOM PbInKe, NOXVUTORIEHKO! 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Oxo OyseT CAYrKIETD HOMLEAGIKIM COMETHEKOM JH NPHRATUR CrpATerHuecKitX, TAKTHYECKHX H TERVUUIX PeUTEHHH PyKOBOMUTTeAAM PaaHBIX YPoMKe!t ~ OF 2aNOOE ~ 118N0TO. biteacTi peruonanbabix sUiCTpHBMIO7OPOD sO MEAKIIE RUAEpOB B hay6INHKe, TIpaxtuseckoe nocoSite PeKOMERAYETCH TRKKE CTYMCHTAM TEXHASECKHK RY2OB, TEXILKY- Mon ¥ cayuareama daxyabTeTOR 3 KYpCOM, OpMeNTIPOMAITAIK Ha NOArOTOMKY opramirare OB MpousnONCTBA, PeaAl OMEN H peMosrra TexnIEEZ Bonen B.B. ~ sxonosicromencayuaponHn, une MexvNaponoll AKAXEMIIN HeyK. escbopmauyan, wacbopmaumousex mporeccoa 1 vexxoxorait (MAH HIT), seoxe MEXAHINE, ABTOP KIIr JAAg LipeipURUMATeacit ik ADTOMOHUANCTOR, www.autobusiness, boom,ra wevolgin@mtu-net ISBN 5-94462.255-5 © B.B, Boaruu, 2003 Baazncaap Bacnasena’s Bonarini ABTOEHSHEC. Opranuaaius, mapxerimr, ynpanserme. B jays Tomax Caiurapyo-onzentionoririeckoe saxnrouenne Ni 77.99.02,953..1,00226 1.04.01 or 26.04.2001. ‘Amensiin HAL Ne 02859 oF 30 sutaapa 2001 s, Hloxzatgano n Hewary 31.01.2003, ‘Sopwar At. Byuara 80r\eu" Apr. a. 51,0. Tupax - 50 oxemaanpon, point, man nayvestn enpoca. Vqaresecxo-xunrovopromnif uenitp eMapaerairs 129347, Mocksa, SIpocaascxoe w., n. 142, x. 732, Jlaa ruicem: 129347, Mocksa, /o H-347 Tes, 8-902-116482] E-mail: expert@e-mail.ru Omewarano xa pusorpadbe © Bonawi BB, ABTOBHBHEC. Texmuna, cepeuc, sanvacmit. 2003. Tost 13] COMEPKAHHE MIEPBOTO TOMA Or aptopa pecreeererecceerececeore tf TOCTABIKH HA PbIHKE TEXHUKH..... 2. OcoGeHHocTH HanHOHaABHOTO pBiHKa TEXHHKH secsseeesnsseee 12 Toprono - cepsvicubie CHCTeMEI SapyGertbIx KOMTAHHIL........ 17 Ochona KoHKypeHTocnocobHocT#: TexXHHKH... ee Cuctemst oSecneeHin pbiHKa 3aMACHBIMH MACTSMM oo... 20 24 25 7 2 29 30 30 Topapnas moaHTHKa....... Vincbopmanuortioe obecnevenne . Tlogroropka Kaapoa..... Tapantutiuptit kommpomitcc KoHTpoab KavectBa........ 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Tas 1is} Buytpenume ¢byHKUMOHaABHBIC 30HDI 1. 243 Tlomenjenua faa 3aka34HKos ... 245, 248 Aemoncrpannonto - Topropbiii 3aA ...... —— Tlomemenne six Repenatit HOBbIX ABTOMOOHACH...eo so. 246 Tlocr npvtemKH 8 pemout w= 246 ex o6uxero pemoura .. . 246 Moiixa.. . 248 KysosHoe ormeacne 248 Manspiioe ormeacuie 249 Hogcobsiie nomenteHus...... 249 PasMeppt TomelieHuit uexa . 250 CayoxOa saracHBix YacTelt....... 251 Odbuc # canntapxiie HoMenteHuE .... . 253 Hapyxxusie (pyHKnMonaabHEre 30Hpr ... 285 Thomanka nas nponaxku noxepmaniorx apromobraei .. ooo 256 Ckaayy ortacebix oTxo108 256 CSopxik ans coprnposaliithix OTKOOB # MeTaaaonoMa 256 Tloxkmouenne x HIDKeHEDHBIM CeTAM....... ee 256 Ocnemenne . 256 Usetonan Kommosnuns 257 258 Hurrepnepsi it aseMentter QupMeHHO! CHMBOAITICH . 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ABTOBHSHEC. Texxuna, cepeuc, sanvacmu, 2003. Tax 1[6] Tlogcucrema ynpanaenust nepememeHHem rpy3on Ynpasaewne Tpaxicnopruponaniem. Tloncuerema mapkeruura.. Popmnponannte We... Tloneuerema ynpanaenta cbunancani.. Avlanu3 cbuHaHconore ToaoxKeHHA Onepanun pacueron ¢ saxaasiikaMy Pacyerst ¢ nocramumaxn Tloucwerema 3apmaarsi...... yHKNMH Ynpapscnne aormerHKoH BJl onanuit nas aorneraeckoro ympanaenti Onramusanus o6pa6orkn wscopmanun .. Onramusanus ynpanaenis aoracrHKoit Perera ee Konrpoas sdxpextupnocr aorneTuuecsux onepauiit sees 328 Tipumep onmcanns Texxoaormit Tipumepst aoracrH4eckinx pemtenitti YIPABAEHHE.. CoBcrexmirxn 1 mentezoiceper Kowrpoab ZeaTeabHOCTHL...... EcaH oGopor masaer ....... Asbyka dbunianconott Gesonactocrit. YHHIEHKe MeHesuKMeHTa Flesonporsponerso Xpawrre 0% Oxpana cesperon ....... O conpemesiitix Meromax yipasaems - Meroat Berpadorkn pewter... Oprannsanua poittoatenns peuextit...... OcuosHste mpaniiaa nponexerun aoSbix Npesepox.. Yeayrv cilenMaaH3upoBanHBIx bap : Kanpopas noaHTHka .. fenees Ornouienus ¢ nepcoranoss OGecnevenue Kanpamn PasBHTHe KanpoB. . Tporpammer o6yyenua Tepeonana OueHka Knaancuxanuan 4 aqxpexrapuocra pyiia .. Arrectamisa coTpyaHHKoR ..... = Omaata tpyna Tloompenue panuionaausatoperna Crumyaupopanue Tpyna.. Tpeaynpexsxenne saoynorpeOxeHHit mepconana . Toaxnocrtbie o6a3aHHOCTH Ht ANUHBIE KaeCTRA Aureparypa © Bonewn 8.8. ABTOBUSHEC. Texwwura, cepa, sanuacr. 2003. Tos 13a uncbopmayueti oxomames, umoGet sapabameieams @ mbicauu pas Gorewe, Wem 3a Hee ynnaueno, Om aemopa Hactomuian xuvra ABAReTCH MHOTOKpaTHDIM paspuTHeM KHHTH «ABTOMOSHAS- Hetil aHAaeps,! HoayaMBntelt BEICOKYIO ONEHKY crieusaaHctos. B KHure ZeTaabHo paccmarpttnarorca COnPEMeHHBIe MeTORDI CHCTEMHOM OprastH~ 3aULIM, MApKeTHHTa H MeHeDRMeHTa B TOPTOBAe TEXHUKO!l, peMoHTe 1 OBCAYRUBA- HHH, OBUIe ZAM BCCX BIIOB KOAeCHO! H TyceHHIHOH TexHMKH. 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Tl0- sToMY o6itiaa armocibepa n poccitiicKoM GHIHECe TwKeAas H rHeTyMIaR, spenaTan HaCHAMeM 1 TOTAAbHBIM KpaXOM. Pocentitexnit Susnec MORepHYT BHYTPS caMmoro ceOs, cparmenTHpoBAH, CKACHEH. He K pocty H passitTitio, a x HacmaDcTBEHHOM GopEGe 3a HENOHATHO KoMY HyZKHO cymtecTsoaime. Brixox 45 9Tor0 TYNHKa SBOMOLMOHIBIM TyTeM HeBosMonKes!, ss MpHAAHHA SKOFOMHKE TOSHTHBHOTO UMMYabca Hy2KeH CHLAbHDIL 4 TOXHO Hanpan- AeHHEI THOR, PoccHtickiit PEIHOK TEXHMKH, aanacHBIX NacTeii m ceppitca nepexkuBaeT nepHor, cranonacuus. B Oamxaitmee RecaTHAeTHe OmUNaeTeA yABOeMME MapKa MALIHH B crpaze. Bauxy orpostioro yaxe celtuac secprunTa Yoayr 10 PeMOHTY H TeXHINHeCKo- My OGcayKHBAHINO Mal MpeZctouT aasHHOObpasHoe yBeaYeHMe KoAHECTBA MAABIX Mpeanpusrait pam sanoaKeHus stom mu poka, Hau wu sapyGexmie MpoHsBOAMTeAH TEXHUKH OCTpO HYANAIOTEA B THICHAX HOBBIX POCCHTCKHX ups, cHeMHAAHSHPYIONGIXCA Ha PeMOHTe, YTOOBI MPEHAOKHTS HM COTPYAMIECTBO B KA wecTBe MOAHOMONHEIX ZH4AepOB. TlorpeGxocts & KBaandrnnporaHHbix crenmaaucrax — opranuaaTopax Bcerta 6yner oven» BeAHKa H 9Ta KHPA ~ AAR HEX. © Aasponcenit H., smpexrop xoucaxruxronoll upsest Rapid Development Systems, Inc. (Kanaza), xemepr N25 (236) or 3.07.2000 rona, © Boxeun BB, ABTOBHSHEC. Texnura, cepeuc, sanvacmu. 2003. Tose Iuv TlosoxkirreabHbIe OTSbIBEI CHCHMAAMCTOR 06 oto! KHHTe HO MOM KOHCyADTaLIHaX | MOATREPANAIOT HERHOCTS MpemAaraemoit WichopMaAllIM H NaloT MEe OcHOBaHA No- AaraTh, YTO Mom MHccHs BaxkHa 2As Poccuu. *** Ogun us orsbrmop o KEMTe Chacu6o, 2mo npocmo "BHBAHA ABTOBHSHECA’! Yiuransroe nocobue, no Komopomy MOXKHO U HYPKNO eecmU aemobusHec. Hucbopmauuu mope u He stato, sa cKa7bKo epemenu ee enumaio @ ce6a. Aupermop duper “Momop-Cepauc’, 15.05.02 ““Ogui Ws OTSBIBOB 0 KONCYABTANISX: Xomen Got evipasume Brazodaprocms u aocxumenue Baweti eenuxonennoil pa- Gomott. Tlo mepe usywenua omuema sot ace Gonee nonumaem e20 enyBuny u oGochoeannocme, Hau dna CeBA MHOeO Kosoli U HYAHOt UNdopmayuU. Mot oxudanu, umo Bot cdenaeme smo nporbeccuoKateHo u xopoulo, xo Bet mpeasouttu nau orkudanUs. Tipedcedamenne npasnexus "Parech Xondune K°", 28.01.99 © Bonn B.B. ABTOBHSHEC. Texnuna, cepeuc, sanuacmu, 2003. Tox 1U2 MOCTABIIMKH HA PbIHKE TEXHHKH SapySerxvie npodyyenms nauun He npodaiom mexiuny ha Hoseix poinna, He opeanusoeae sapaxee cepeuc UW npodexy sanacieve uacmet OcoGennocTH HaMHOHaabHoro pBIHKa TEXHHKH Ho 1990 r. B name# crpane MalmESt 4 3anacubte vactH He Mponanaancs, a PACHPeeATAHCh, ¥O GEiA0 MPHYHHOH TocrosHHEIX MpoOxem H TpoctoeR 20 1o0A0- BHHBI Wapsa Texic:. Cepstc 20 - MHAAMOHHOTO MapKa MaIII BEINOAHAACH 110+ ‘peOureasMu, sla HoaycoTHel! pemonTHDIx saBomOB. Tossko B CeMHReCHTbIX rOTAX HaMAA MOABARTECA TePBBIE CTARUNH TCXHMYECKOrO OBCAYKHBAHMS ACTKOBLIX aB- Tomobuaeli - ¢ HawasoM mportscozcTBa anToMObuaeHt BAS. Ho 3a Tpuauare acy Ta- UX CTaMUstlt MOABHAOCE BCeTO TPH COTHH, a HYIKEO OKOAO ACCHTH THICHY TOABKO AH 9THX aBToMoGmned. 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KoaHectBo odbulHAAbHDIX AHACPOB HAMHOTO MeHBue HeOBXORHMOTO, @ HX CTAHIIAE TeXHUMeCKOTO OGcayncmBaria (Lasee - CTO} He COOTBETCTBYIOT COBPeMeHTHIM TpeGOBAHMAM 110 OCHaMLeHHTIO, ocpopMacHio, oT- womrermo K KaMeHTass. Koukypenuust u aeammir Mexcy ocbunuaasibiMn M ecepeiMste AuAepaMit B pe- THOHAX He 910 BOSMORKTHOCTH SABOMAM KONTPOAMPOBATS KOHETHBIE HeHBI Ha TEX © Bonu 8.8, ABTOBHSHEC. Texwauna, cepeuc, sanvacmu. 2003. Tox 2[3] HUKY H SaTacHBte 4aCTH, He MOSBOAMOT 3aBOAAM OBBIMIATS OTHYCKHEIE LEHI Nake ‘Tora, KOPMa peIHOUHas cHTYaMAs GaarompustTHa Tlocpeaxwiecxue cbupmr npakruseck samensior cay>xOst cOstra sanoxon. Sr cbupuot noaysaior HanGoxee BbITOmHBIe YCAOBHM 1 PeaarayIoT MpomyKUHIO saBoKoB Ho cBoemy yemorpenmio. Tem caMbiM GAOKHPYeTCH MpaMad OBparkan CBAs 3aB0- lon ¢ norpeOwreasmis. Sasombr mponaiot B KavecTBe SaTAcHBIX YaCTell ToaLKO jeTaA Ht yaabt cobCT- BeHHOTO MpousBoACTHA, 4TO CocTaRAseT, KaK mpanHiso, 30 - 40% aceli HoMeNKAa- ‘rypsi. Homexkaatypa, usrotobaseMas Cy6MOCTaBLUIKaMM, HHKAK Ke KOHTpOAMpyeT- cH sapozaMu H He RDHHOCHT HM OxO;1a, KAK 9TO OpraHiugoBaHO aBTOsABONAMH B PASBHTBIX CTpaHax, Gagoyut YKAOHMOTCR OT OTRETCTReHHOCTH 3a obecrieNeHHe pBInKA TAKHMH AeTAAmMH, XOTH HO «BaKoHY 0 samuTe MpaD HoTpeGuTEAet» umeHso 3ABOULI OTBEYAIOT B CAYHAC CYREOHBIX HCKOB, Kaxposoe oGecrresene KoMMepYecKHx Cay2K6 3aB0fop HenOCTaTONHO KBaAHG>H- uUpoBaHtHoe, OCOFeNHO AAR BEINOAHEHH He JOKYMeHTHpYeMBIX TEXHOAOTHIi 1 Ha~ BBIKOB, pHOOPeTAeMEIX TOABKO OTTEITOM PAGOTEI B COBPEMEHHDIX MPeATPHATHAX. Komnsiotepusaims Mapkerinra, aornctaea 1 GuoHec-npoueccon peaansanit Mal, CepBUCa Hi 3aNacHIX Yacre#t TONTH Ha HYAeBOM YpOBNe, HecMOTps Ha HA- AMHHe KOMTbIOTePOB B HPEAMPUATUEX. TaKOe MOAOMKEHHE He TOIBOAKET a2Ke TORO- puTs 0 coppenmerHBIx meTORax PAGOTEL M BBICOKO! PeHTABeAHOCTR, PAIBHTHH, Hep- cuextusax. CessH MexIy PaSAHUNBIMH ACHEKTAMH JeATeABHOCTH [MapKeTHHT, A0~ THCTHKa, TPOHSBORCTSO, paspaboTKM, ympanseume tepconAasom) OTCYTCTAYIOT Halt He ONTHMAABIEI. BcacACTBHe H3AOKEHHBIX LPH4HH HEGKH SKOKOMUMECKHE HOKAIATeAH 3AROROB - HCHBI Ha TeXHUKY Ne NoMaIOTCH onTMMMZaNNM, OOsemEI upHGEaN oT mposaxt sanuacteit B UCTSIpe ~ MATH pas HIDKe BOSMOAHBIX Hecmorps Ha 970, HeKoTopsie saBomtsl, HepHee, ux pykOROMHTeAt, payuIect B SArpAHKOMANANPOBKH, HayHHaloT IKCHOPT MAMMH, He TOMMMAS, YTO OHM TOZPBI- Balot ciltaxicopoe troxoxKcHHe sano. TK «KAMA» saKatovaao KOHTpAKTSI Ha oKcTIopT asTomoGriaedt «Oxar’ 8 past crpax. Ho 3anod He yaonseTRopaeT moTpeOHo- ctu BRYTpeHMero poIHKA B MallIIMAX 1 SAMAcHEIX YacTax, He HayuuAcs paGorarh 1a coGcTREHHOM PBIHKe — HH TeXTOKYMeHTANHM, HH PsIRepCHHO!! HOMEHKAATYpHL 3Al- Nacteil, Hi HOPMAABHBIX HocTaROx sanuacteit, Hx oSywerust cHenmaaxcToR. Jaa sanoza sKcnopT oGepHeTcA AMXopanOTHEIMH MOMBITKAMH yqORAeTROpATS cmpoc Ha Manner H sarriactH # NoctosiMBIG cKaHmanaME c JapyOexUBIMG AMCT- PHOBOTOpAMH TIO TapaHTHM H SAIMYACTAM, BEIHYKICHHEIM CHIDKeHMeM WeH, a B Hore ~ YOBITKAMH. STO He pas Y2KE MPOHCXO/WHAO C COBETCKHMH aPTOIABOMAMH 3A3, AS, Mocksiy. Bee oft MpHYMHHAK Hemaabte YOuITKH TocyapeTBy OxcTOpTOM AeTKOBBIX_aBTOMOBHAeH. HukaKoro cMBicaa B 9KCTOpTe TIpH OrpaHHeHHOM KOAHMeCTBe BEINYCKA MaIIHH ner. Ha BHYTpeHHeM psIHKe aBTOMobimAS MpomaeTcA ZopoxKe, Yem Ha IKcrOpr. Pantie TaKHe NOTISITKH OGOCHOBEIBAAH HeOBXOAMMOCTEIO JapabATHIBATs BaAlOTY, Ho celivac ee SapaGarsmars Takum o6pasom He Hao — MO%KHO MIpOCTO KyTHTH B GauKe. © Bonzws 8.8, ABTOBHBHEC. Texnuna, cepeuc, sanviacm, 2003. Tax 1ua Yeepex, vro sapySexxste (bupael, namepenmore mponanars *Oxys m cpoux crpa- aX, BOsTAABAMOTeR ANGO OBIBITHMIE POCCHIICKHMH MoaysHAliKaMH, He RMeIOUUMI Tpencramsenas 06 Tos Oustece, OTATOUIeHHOM HeKOMHeTEHTHOCTHIO MeHeLKMeH- Ta poccHitcKHx sano710B, AUGO HANMHAIOUIUMH MECTHLIM JeasLAMM c TaKOIt 2Ke xpaancpaKaruiey. Kaxue Moryr 6x17» nocaeeTaa Aas poccuiicKsx uaepos 3MA? = Cokpantenite KOAM4eCTBa TlOCTaBAseMBIX MANIKH Ha poccuiicKitit ppmox. Ha axcnlopr noiizer no 2000 urr. B KaxKYHO CIPAHy - a MeNbUIHE KOAMHecTSa MpocTO HEBEITORHBI TAMOWIHUM ABCTPUOHIOTOPAM - HET CMBICAA CO3IABATL AUAEPCKYI0 cere, swaephi SyayT HUUUMG H pasGeryres. Tpusem OFseMmI owANEI @kerozZO Hapac- ‘Tare ~ nave Guanec He Syzet craSuabHsim. Ecax crpai nelicrairreasHo 6yner 20 - 3aR0:t OTAACT BECh TOMOBOM BEITIYCK, K Hemy NOAKMOUHTCA H CepnyxoBCKoH saB0.. ~ Coxpamtenue o6zem0s mocTasoK samuacteft. 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