2020

ASSIGNMENT#04
AV-472

P/O ALI HASSAN

19207

INSTRUCTOR:
WG CDR ZAHID
 LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE REPRESENTATIONS:
 As most of us know latitude and longitude help us notate a place uniquely on earth.
There are basically three ways in which one can represent Latitude and Longitude.
1. In Degrees
       The way Google, Yahoo, Facebook API's Use.
           Ex: +40.7486, -77.8786
2. Degree Minutes and Seconds.
           Ex: 40` 44' 55''N,
3. Degree Minutes.
           Ex: 40`44',
 Latitude and Longitude representations
 As most of us know latitude and longitude help us notate a place uniquely on earth.
There are basically three ways in which one can represent Latitude and Longitude.
1. In Degrees
       The way Google, Yahoo, Facebook API's Use.
           Ex: +40.7486, -77.8786
2. Degree Minutes and Seconds.
           Ex: 40` 44' 55''N,
3. Degree Minutes.
           Ex: 40`44',
Degrees of latitude are parallel so, for the most part, the distance between each degree
remains constant. However, the Earth is slightly elliptical in shape and that creates a
small variation between the degrees as we work our way from the equator to the north
and south poles.

 Each degree of latitude is approximately 69 miles (111 kilometers) apart.

Unlike latitude, the distance between degrees of longitude varies greatly depending

upon your location on the planet. They are farthest apart at the equator and converge at
the poles.

 A degree of longitude is widest at the equator with a distance of 69.172 miles

(111.321 kilometers).

EXPLANATION:
Firstly when we are using DMS then as we know that distance between two parallels or
meridians is 111km. so for distance for each minute we will divide it by 60 as it is
divided into 60 equal parts. Then the distance for each second we again divide it by 60
as in DMS it is divided into 60 equal parts so the precision we get after dividing is
approximately 31m.
But when seconds are omitted and minutes are specified as decimal numbers with two
decimal places the precision is improved to 18.5m. This is because as we know
distance for one degree is 111km so for distance of one minute we divide it by 60.then it
is further divided into 100 equal parts as it is up to two decimal places so we will divide it
by 100 instead of 60 so precision will further improve.

JUSTIFICATION:

IN DMS:

111x1000/60=1850m //distance for one minute

1850/60=30.83m //distance for one second

In degree decimal:

111x1000/60=1850m //distance for one minute

1850/100=18.5m //distance for decimal part