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Wishing you
nothing but happiness, love, and joy in the years ahead. Hope you find time to look back on all your sweet
memories together It feels like as the years go by, each one gets a little bit better.
An E Book
by
Ram Puniyani
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
Center for Study of Society and Secularism
602 & 603, New Silver Star, Behind BEST Bus Depot, Santacruz (E), Mumbai: - 400 055.
E-mail: csss2work@gmail.com, www.csss-isla.com
Contents
Page No.
Preface 03
1. Pattern of Politics 04
Equations of Power, Acche Din, Changed Dispensation:
Sectarian mindset, Education, Caste and Gender, Fringe
Elements or Division of Labor
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
Summing up 28
References 29
Selected Bibliography 30
Preface
Modi came to power with a bang. Riding on the support of the Corporate
World, the RSS combine, the media blitz and the promises of sky; he managed
to get 31% of votes and 262 seats in the Lok Sabha. This is the first time BJP
managed a simple majority in lower house of Parliament. This also became
an occasion for Modi-BJP-RSS to unfold their agenda in full. While economic
promises have floundered, the protective policies for the average
downtrodden have been partly retracted along with the claims of great
economic achievement by RSS combine and its supporters. The reality of
economic situation has forced the substantial section of media to take
cognizance of the plight of the people and criticize the failure of the
Government on economic and many other fronts.
The social scenario has been dismal, the growing intolerance, the attack on
autonomy of universities, the treatment of dalits, as reflected in the death of
Rohith Vemula, the intimidation of religious minorities through issues like
beef, Bharat Mata ki jai, and nationalism have dominated the scene. By now
most of the people are clear that RSS is in the driving seat supervising the
total unfoldment of its agenda of Hindu nationalism.
Ram Puniyani
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
Mumbai
May 2016
Chapter 1
Pattern of Politics
a. Equations of Power
The previous time, 1999, BJP came to power at the Government. Secretaries of different departments
head of a NDA it did not have the simple majority so have been asked to directly report to him, and he
it suspended its “Hindutva’ agenda. Hindutva has not permitted the meeting of the Cabinet in his
agenda; in a limited sense; stands for abolition of absence, which was the norm with previous
article 370, Uniform Civil Codes and building of Governments. Though there is a Cabinet, the major
Ram Temple on the site where Babri Masjid stood. power is centralized around the prime minister. As
Now with the majority in parliament, the march Shourie points out “Prime Minister Narendra Modi
towards this Hindutva agenda and the deeper is narcissistic and is running a one-man presidential
agenda of Hindutva has been unleashed. Modi has government, the direction of which was dangerous
already instilled the authoritarian streak in the new for India…’ (1)
b. Acche Din
The major plank of winning the elections was the large, who had been victims of the rising prices and
slogan of Acche din (Good Times). The people at inflation, were sold the dream of better days in the
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
offing with victory of Modi. The relentless rise of opportunist turn around. The fear of privatization
prices despite Modi coming to power has created a of public sector is very much there in the air. The
sense of disillusion amongst the people, as high amendments to proposed Land Acquisition bill
hopes were created through propaganda. The were are going to affect the interests of the farmers
pattern of policies is clear. There is a removal of in a very adverse way. It was opposed by all. It
whatever little protection has been there for the could not go through the parliament, now this is
average people. They do not give a hopeful picture being tried through the states where BJP is ruling.
for times to come. FDA in retail has been raised This bill aims to dilute the consent of majority of the
from 26% to 49% in a single swoop. While in farmers for acquiring land.
opposition; BJP was opposing it. This is an
d. Education
One of the major problems of the present rule is history taught in the RSS shakhas, the communal
going to be the changes in education, which will history, the history where the kings are looked at
alter the thinking pattern of the coming through the prism of religion, was introduced. One
generations. The goal is to instill a pattern in knows that the communal historiography
consonance with the Brahminical norms, to introduced by British was their main tool in
promote orthodox medieval mind set and to implementing the ‘divide and rule’ policy which
undermine the scientific temper. One recalls that in formed the ideology of the communal streams of
the previous BJP led NDA regime apart from other Muslim League and Hindu Mahasabha-RSS. This
things, its major impact was the changes in the type of history; by focusing on the glories of ‘our’
history and social science books, where the divisive kings also promotes the feudal values of caste and
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
gender hierarchy. Mercifully the BJP led NDA lost in patent for regenerating body parts…You would be
2004 and the rational, national historiography was surprised to know that this research is not new and
brought back. that Dr Matapurkar was inspired by the
Mahabharata. Kunti had a bright son like the Sun
Now RSS volunteers are out to change the total itself. When Gandhari, who had not been able to
education system and the content of history, social conceive for two years, learnt of this, she
science and other books. Even before this underwent an abortion. From her womb a huge
Government came to power, with the rise of Modi mass of flesh came out. (Rishi) Dwaipayan Vyas was
on political firmament, with the perception that he called. He observed this hard mass of flesh and then
is likely to come to power, the Right wing he preserved it in a cold tank with specific
organizations intensified their offensive against medicines. He then divided the mass of flesh into
genuine scholarship. Dinanath Batra, by now is a 100 parts and kept them separately in 100 tanks
well known name; he has been heading the RSS full of ghee for two years. After two years, 100
outfits, Shiksha Bachao Abhiyan Samiti and RSS- Kauravas were born of it. On reading this, he
affiliated Shiksha Sanskriti Utthan Nyas (SSUN) (Matapurkar) realized that stem cell was not his
from many decades. He succeeded in pressuring invention. This was found in India thousands of
Penguin, the World’s largest publisher, to pulp years ago. (Page 92-93)
Wendy Doniger's scholarly book ‘The Hindus: An
Alternate History’. This book brings out through the Indian rishis using their yog vidya would attain
interpretation of mythology the need to understand divya drishti (divine vision). There is no doubt that
the caste and gender aspects in a sensitive manner. the invention of television goes back to this… In
The history she has focused on goes against the Mahabharata, Sanjaya sitting inside a palace in
hierarchical mind set of RSS combine and so Hastinapur and using his divya shakti would give a
pressure was put to pulp it. Now Mr. Batra emerges live telecast of the battle of Mahabharata… to the
as a writer himself and a set of nine books written blind Dhritarashtra. (Page 64) What we know
by him have been translated in to Gujarati and today as the motorcar existed during the Vedic
introduced in 42000 schools in Gujarat. This may be period. It was called anashva rath. Usually a rath
a trial run before doing similar things at larger (chariot) is pulled by horses but an anashva rath
scale. Former BJP president and present union means the one that runs without horses or yantra-
minister M Venkaiah Naidu explicitly stated as early rath, what is today a motorcar. The Rig Veda refers
as last year (June 23, 2013) that “it (the BJP) will to this. (Page 60)
change textbook syllabi, if it returns to power”.
Batra is also quoted as saying that a nationalistic RSS has already set up a consultative body called
education system has to be developed to address Bharatiya Shiksha Niti Ayog (BSNA) to put pressure
the requirements and through this we have to on Modi’s government to “correct or Indianize” the
develop a young generation that is committed to national education system. In the new syllabus “The
Hindutva and nationalism”. passages in the textbooks which pointed out to any
unsavory aspect of the Hindu faith like the
The sampling of Batra’s books gives a good idea of oppressive caste system in ancient Hindu society,
what is in store for us. A quote from one of the set of untouchability of the low-caste people and
books, ‘Tejonmaya Bharat’, (Radiant Bharat) tells us consumption of beef during Vedic ages were
“America wants to take the credit for invention of scrapped, and anyone who resisted or opposed the
stem cell research, but the truth is that India’s Dr changes was dubbed as 'anti-national'.(2)
Balkrishna Ganpat Matapurkar has already got a
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
While these changes in the text books give us a full Upanishad, (3) the scriptures which were written in
idea of the agenda of this Government, which will the Pre Historic BC period. Even in Manu smiriti the
have to follow the guidelines set by its parent caste division is well articulated. Manu Smriti was
organization, its already manifest in the written around 1-2 and Century AD. Contrary to
appointment of Prof Y.Sudarshan Rao as the chief of this Prof Rao states that distortion in caste system
ICHR. This national body guides the research into came with the coming of Muslim Kings. He had so
the Indian history. Prof Rao is not much known in far been working on proving the historicity of our
the circles of Academic history, as he has hardly mythological Mahabharat as a part of History.
written any academic, peer reviewed papers or Interestingly RSS combine presents only one
books. He has been engaged with writing few blogs version of Ramayan but there are nearly 400
on his understanding of history, which is more of a versions of Ramayan. The scholarly essay by
fiction suiting the agenda of Hindu Rashtra, A.K.Ramanujam on the diversity of Ramayan telling
reinstating the caste system in particular. In one of again was withdrawn from Delhi University
his blogs he emphasis that caste system served the curriculum, and the publisher forced to withdraw
society very well and there are no complaints the book.
against it. As per him “Most of the questionable
social customs in the Indian society as pointed out With the coming of this Government the peripheral
by the English educated Indian intellectuals and the elements have started talking about making these
Western scholars could be traced to this period of scriptures as a part of our curriculum. Justice Dave
Muslim rule in north India spanning over seven talks of bringing in Gita and others are talking of
centuries.” He argues that “The (caste) system was Ramayana. Both these holy tomes have heavy
working well in ancient times and we do not find projections of caste. In Gita, Lord talks of taking
any complaint from any quarters against it.” This is birth whenever Dharma is in danger. And this
a distortion. The customs related to caste Dharma is Varnashram Dharma (Varna system). In
oppression were integral to the so called Hindu Ramayan Lord Ram kills Shambuk, as Shambuk a
scriptures Vedas (Rig Veda, Purush Sukta) Shudra is doing penance and this is something not
permitted by Caste system.
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
that Muslims and Christians are welcome to follow So where are we heading to becomes clear in the
their faith and that they are welcome to remain as last few weeks of Modi Sarkar. The government will
they are so long as they love this country. Why do be trying to stick to the language which will be
we have to give this concession? Why don’t we be
subtle while undertaking steps in Hinduization. Its
very clear that they have no place if we are a Hindu
country?” Joshi replied “As of now, RSS and Hindu associates, VHP-RSS will tell us bluntly about their
society are not strong enough to say clearly to agenda. Needless to repeat that this agenda, being
Muslims and Christians that if you want to live in unfolded is that of Hindu nation, where religious
India, convert to Hinduism. Either convert or minorities will be relegated to secondary position
perish. But when the Hindu society and RSS will and the Chaturvarnya system will be slipped in a
become strong enough we will tell them that if you subtle manner.
want to live in India and if you love this country,
you accept that some generations earlier you were
Hindus and come back to the Hindu fold.” (5)
***
Chapter 2
Hate Speech Galore
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
W ith the coming to power of Narendra Modi
there is an open license to all the affiliates of
RSS combine to indulge in open hate speech against
person in making hate speeches; he has the highest
number of cases regarding hate speech against him.
Yogi Adityanath, BJP’s MP keeps making very
the religious minorities. The current agenda behind derogatory remarks, He said that in ‘love jihad’ if
the hate speech is to consolidate the communal one Hindu girl is converted then 100 Muslim girls
polarization of the society along lines of religion. should be converted to Hinduism. The propaganda
The well known case of MIM’s Akarbar Uddudin around love jihad keeps simmering and various
Owaisis’ hate speech has been despicable and very small and big leaders keep using it to divide the
rightly Akbarudin Owaisi had to be in jail for some society. Same Yogi went on to say that Mosques
time. The case against him should be pursued and should be converted into den of pigs and that
the legal course of action must be pursued. At the Muslims should not be allowed to come to Hindu
same time what about the hate speech indulged in holy places (7).
by the likes of Pravin Togadia, Subramaniam
Swami, Giriraj Singh, Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti, Sadhvi Two central ministers of Modi Sarkar, Sadhvi
Prachi, Sakshi Mahraraj, Yogi Adityanth, Sanjay Niranjan Jyoti and Giriaj Singh made very insulting
Raut and company? and humiliating remarks about non Hindus and the
color of skin of UPA chief Sonia Gandhi. Niranjan
Apart from these associates of Hindu right wing Jyoti stated that all those who are non Hindus are
patriarch, RSS, who are reported in the media, there illegitimate, Haramzade. Giriraj Singh had earlier
are many more indulging in the divisive speech and said that those not voting for Modi should go to
worsening the communal situation. During this year Pakistan. Interestingly he said this before the
they have started feeling emboldened as they know elections and despite such a record he was elevated
it is ‘their’ Government and they can get away with to the level of minister in the Modi sarkar. He made
it. Day in and day out they are becoming more racial comments about Sonia Gandhi recently.
aggressive and vicious in their language. The hate Sakshi Mahraj also held Godse as a patriot, while his
speech against religious minorities has been another party colleague from Kerala, one Gopal
stepped up. Krishnan wrote in RSS mouth piece Keasri that
Godse chose a wrong target in killing Gandhi, he
One recalls even before Modi Sarkar assumed the should have killed Nehru instead.
seat of power the divisive activities of ‘BJP
associates’ in the form of propaganda of love jihad Subramaniam Swamy, one of the very senior
and Ghar Vapasi were on, and they continued leaders of BJP, said that God lives in temples alone,
without any respite during this year. The attack on not in mosques and Churches. The hidden
Churches was very glaring and the process which implication of this statement is fraught with danger.
was dominant in Delhi and Haryana was also These are few of the samples from what all has been
witnessed in places like Panvel near Mumbai, Agra stated during this year. Its impact in increasing the
in UP amongst other places. sense of fear amongst religious minorities is more
than obvious. BJP ally Shiv Sena’s MP Sanjay Raut
Sakshi Maharaj not only said that Godse was a went to the extent of demanding that the voting
patriot; he also went on to say that Hindu women rights of Muslims should be revoked.
should produce four children, as Muslims are
overtaking the population. (6) Sadhvi Prachi went The peak of all this was witnessed with the RSS
to prescribe eight children for Hindu women. She Sarsanghchalak stating that younger generation
also gave a call that the Muslim film actors, Aamir needs to be taught to say ‘Bharat Mata ki Jai’. Then
Khan, Shahrukh Khan and Salman Khan should be he took a step back saying it should not be
boycotted. Pravin Togadia has been the leading compulsory. In response to this Asaduddin Owaisi
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
of MIM gave and unwarranted statement that he they say is not permitted by Islam. The RSS fellow
will not say so even if a knife is put on his throat. To traveler Yoga guru and entrepreneur Baba Ramdev
take the story further Maharashtra Chief minister said that had Constitution not been there by now
Devendra Fadnavis said it is a must for all those lakhs would have been beheaded. This is at the top
who want to stay in India. As a matter of fact this is rungs of society, what goes down below from this is
a subtle intimidation of the religious minorities who that certain elements will ask non Hindus to shout
don’t worship anybody but Allah as per Bharat Mata this slogan and refusal to do that may result in
ki Jai, it becomes like hailing mother Goddess, which unpleasant situation. (8)
***
Chapter 3
Holy Cow-Beef and Indian Political Games
All the components of this are myths and This is corroborated by other research works
stereotypes have been constructed over a period of sponsored by the Ramakrishna Mission established
time. Time and over again one hears about some by Swami Vivekananda himself. One of these reads:
small communal violence, killing of dalits and “The Vedic Aryans, including the Brahmanas, ate
traders of cows leading to communal polarization. fish, meat and even beef. A distinguished guest was
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
honoured with beef served at a meal. Although the jobs came on the streets to protest against this
Vedic Aryans ate beef, milch cows were not killed. move of the government (March 11). Many traders,
One of the words that designated cow was aghnya from different religion also came to Azad Maidan in
(what shall not be killed). But a guest was a goghna Mumbai to protest this communal act of the
(one for whom a cow is killed). It is only bulls, Maharashtra Government. In a PIL filed in the
barren cows and calves that were killed.”[C. Kunhan Bombay High Court the petitioner argues that this
Raja, ‘Vedic Culture’, cited in the series, Suniti ban on beef infringes on the fundamental right of
Kumar Chatterji and others (eds.), The Cultural citizens to choose meat of their choice is
Heritage of India, Vol 1 (Calcutta: The Ramakrishna fundamental. The hope is that the society
Mission, 1993), 217.] overcomes such abuse of ‘identity issues’ for
political goals and lets the people have their own
In response to this bill thousands of workers of choices in matters of food habits, and let those who
Devnar abattoir (Mumbai), who will be losing their are making their living from this trade do so
peacefully. (Reading- Holy Cow Media House, 11)
****
Chapter 4
Manufacturing and Undermining National Icons:
RSS Style
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
any social and political processes related to social justice and democratic values and struggle for
projection of some icons and undermining of the annihilation of caste was the foremost amongst the
others have intensified during last few years. Even movements launched by him. Incidentally one need
during the last regime of NDA led BJP rule from to recall that in contrast to Ambedkars Annihilation
1998, Savakar’s portrait was unveiled in the of caste, RSS has floated and organization called
Parliament. At one level the game of undermining ‘Samajik Samrasta Manch’ (Social Harmony Forum)
some icons and projecting icons is a part of various which works for bringing harmony between castes
political streams and RSS seems to be the past without challenging the very existence of caste,
master in the same. One recalls its machinery has which was the prime motive of Ambedkar.
been putting forward some names. bypassing
others and undermining some others. Since the One can see two trends in the exercise being done
time Modi has come to power as Prime Minister by the RSS combine. On one hand since RSS never
Mahatma Gandhi’s assassin Nathuram Godse is participated in the freedom struggle as an
being upheld by many from RSS combine. One BJP organization, it has no icon to present as a freedom
MP called him a patriot and other BJP MP said that fighter. This is why they have to stretch their myth
Godse chose the wrong target, instead of Gandhi; he making to project Savarkar as being a freedom
should have chosen Nehru as his target. (12) There fighter. The case of Savarkar is peculiar. He was
are demands from various quarters to allot land for initially working against the British rule but after he
raising his statues in different places. was jailed in Andaman’s, he buckled under pressure
and turned from anti British revolutionary to the
Times and over again Sardar Patel is projected vis a one who apologized to British and later never
vis Nehru. In one of the speeches Modi said Patel participated in any anti British agitation. That’s all
should have been the first Prime minister of India RSS combine has to show for their participation in
instead of Nehru. Various ‘word of mouth’ freedom struggle. Even Savarkar was not the part of
propaganda to denigrate Nehru has been the RSS, but ideologically Savarkar and RSS both held
consistent activity of many. Again to undermine Hindutva, Hindu nation as their goals.
Nehru Modi said something which was not true. He
said that Nehru did not attend the funeral of Sardar As many in the RSS combine revere Godse, he
Patel. This again is a blatant lie. As far as Mahatma always slips in as the major icon for them. Godse
Gandhi is concerned this present ruling was initially trained in RSS Shakhas and later he
dispensation has projected him but only for the went onto become the Secretary of Pune Branch of
values of cleanliness. One knows that the stature of Hindu Mahasabha. Since many BJP leaders have
Mahatma is such that even those who do not believe background in RSS shakhas, and are on same page
in his inclusive nationalism have also to pay as Godse as far as Hindu Nationalism is concerned,
obeisance to him at home as well as abroad. To they do come out to praise Godse. These two,
circumvent this problem while the core essence of Savarkar and Godse are projected to show their
Gandhi’s struggle for Hindu Muslim unity is allegiance to the ideology of Hindu nationalism in
sidelined, the teachings of the Mahatma for National contrast to Indian nationalism, which is the core
Integration are give a go bye and he is projected for part of Indian Constitution. This is necessary for
only for swachhta abhiyan (cleanliness drive). them as they are projecting themselves as biggest
nationalists unmindful of the fact that their
Currently major concerted efforts are being made to nationalism is Hindu Nationalism and not Indian
highlight Ambedkar. There are statements that Nationalism (14). They want to derive legitimacy
Ambedkar and Hedgewars’ (The founder and first from Savarkars’ initial anti British role. The later
supreme leader of RSS) values were similar, both part of Savarkar where he kept aloof from freedom
were against untouchability for example. RSS movements is the exact way in which RSS also kept
mouthpiece Organiser (English) and Panchjanya aloof from freedom movement.
(Hindi) have come out with the special supplements
on the life of Ambedkar, presenting his teachings in At another level they want to contrast Patel with
a distorted manner to create the illusion that there Nehru. It is meant to undermine Nehru. Patel and
was similarity between the teachings of RSS Nehru, both were close allies on most of the issues
ideology of HIndutva and Ambedkars values. (13) related to freedom movement, both were the major
Ambedkar had contributed in various ways for followers of Gandhi, who was their mentor and they
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
were collaborating with each other in the national good lesson for us in Hindustan to learn and profit
movement and later as part of the first Cabinet of by. (15). From more than a decade ago RSS started
Independent India. RSS combine cannot swallow feeling embarrassed about this due to electoral-
the uncompromising stand taken by Nehru during political compulsions and started making
his long years of Prime Minister-ship on the issues arguments that this book was not written by
of secularism and his long association with these Golwalkar. It was withdrawn from market. Here
principles in a forthright way so they want to electoral expediency shaped their decision.
contrast him with Patel, who was also a deeply
secular person. At another level they have been projecting
Deendayal Upadhayay as the major figure.
At another level there are some in-house icons Deendayal Upadhdyay is the ideologue who had
which are propped up or are undermined. RSS coined “integral humanism’ as the concept, this
second Sarsanghchalak Golwalkar has been a great essentially talks about upholding status quo of
influence on generations of RSS workers. His book, social relations of caste in particular. This is done to
‘We or Nationhood defined’, shaped the thought give a subtle message of deeper agenda of the RSS
process of many of them. He went to the extent of politics. The play with the icons goes with the long
upholding Hitler’s method and type of nationalism term program of the cultural and social
expounded by him. His book used to be available in manipulation for building a society with the
RSS shops for long time. One of his quotes sums up hegemony of Hindutva politics, a politics which
the RSS ideology very well, writes Golwalkar derives its name from a religion but at core is the
“German national pride has now become the topic political agenda of elite of the Hindu society,
of the day. To keep up the purity of nation and its irrespective of the fact that some from the lower
culture, Germany shocked the world by her purging strata of society are also co-opted for this political
the country of semitic races-The Jews. National agenda. It’s due to this that RSS focuses a lot on
pride at its highest has been manifested here. propagating the culture of a variety which is
Germany has also shown how neigh impossible it is sectarian and backward looking, the agenda of
for races and cultures, having differences going to Hindu Nationalism.
the root, to be assimilated into one united whole, a
***
Chapter 5
Is ‘Hindu’ Our National Identity?
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
F rom the decade of 1980 the identity based
politics has come to the fore in our Country.
The Shah Bano issue, the Ram Temple imbroglio
Mohan Bhagwat went on the reiterate that "The
entire world recognizes Indians as Hindus
therefore India is a Hindu state. This is a very
and the Rath yatras, brought to fore the issues simple thing, if inhabitants of England are
related identity, the first major casualty of this English, those of Germany are Germans and USA
politics was the demolition of Babri Masjid. is Americans, all those who live in Hindustan are
Around that the notion that we are a Hindu known as Hindus." Mixing up Hindu with
nation propped up in a serious way and also that Hindutva, an altogether different category; he
‘we are all Hindus’ came to the fore. Lately with stated that "The cultural identity of all Indians is
Modi-BJP getting simple majority in the Hindutva and the present inhabitants of the
parliament, this formulation is being asserted country are descendants of this great culture," To
more powerfully. Around 1990 Murli Manohar articulate the political agenda behind all these
Joshi, the then BJP President, said that we are all assertions, Goa’s Co-operatives Minister Deepak
Hindus, Muslims are Ahmadiya Hindus, Christians Dhavalikar (BJP) told the assembly that India
are Christi Hindus and Jains-Sikhs-Buddhists are could well be on the way of becoming a "Hindu
also Hindus as such. Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists nation", with Prime Minister Narendra Modi at
are regarded as sects of Hindu pantheon by RSS. the helm.
It is another matter that when the earlier RSS
Sarsanghchalka, K. Sudarshan, said that Sikhism The whole rigmarole of Hindu, Hindutva, Hindu
is not a religion as such but is a mere sect of Rashtra is very deliberate and a part of political
Hinduism, there were massive protests in Punjab. agenda. These three terms have to be seen in a
historical context. The claims about Hinduism
With Modi at helm, the RSS combine is going have to be seen in today’s context. The evolution
hammer and tongs in asserting that all Indians of the term Hindu has a long journey. Over a
have to call themselves as Hindus. Keeping this in period of time its usage has changed. Its use for
mind, in tune with ‘when asked to bend you political goals; political adaptation is Hindutva
crawl’ the Goa Deputy Chief Minister Francis and Hindutva’s political goal is Hindu Rashtra
Desouza, a member of BJP, said that Christians (Nation). These terminologies have been neatly
are Christian Hindus.(16) The RSS Supremo
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
packaged by the Sangh combine, as part of one who regards this land as Holy land and father
Nationalism, which they believe in. land, keeping Christians and Muslims out of the
definition of Hindus. Hindutva as per him is a
total Hinduness, common race (Aryan) Culture
It is interesting to note that till 8th century the (Brahminic) and the land spread from Sindhu to
scriptures called as Hindu scriptures do not have sea. He also conceptualized Hindu Rashtra, as the
the word Hindu in them. This word Hindu as such goal of Hindutva ideology. This goal of Hindu
came into being with the Arabs and Middle East Rashtra was picked up by RSS from 1925. The
Muslims coming to this side of the continent. goal of Hindu Rashtra was opposed to the goal of
They called the land on east side of Sindhu as Indian National Movement, which aimed at
Hindu. Thus the word Hindu began as a secular democratic India.
geographical category. So even today in some
parts of the World, especially in West Asia, India There are also assertions that we all should call
is referred to as Hindustan. Mr. Bhagwat is wrong ourselves as Hindus, since it is a ‘way of life’
to say that we are referred to as Hindustan all common to all the people living here. This is a
over. It is only in Saudi Arabia and West Asia, that clever trick to deceive. Many a Muslim
the word Hindustan is prevalent. In Saudi even communalists similarly say that ‘Islam is a way of
today the Muslims going for Hajj are referred to life’. Religion alone is not the ‘way of life’; way of
as Hindi and In Saudi Arabia the discipline of life is much broader and includes language, local-
arithmetic in their language is called Hindsa regional cultural nuances, which cannot be
(Coming from Hind). uniform. Religion, again is not monolithic, and is a
part of way of life, not the other way around. The
It was later that religious traditions prevailing in matter as to what are we as a political entity had
this part started being called as Hindu religion. been a subject of extensive debate in the
The notion that there was a prevalence of a Hindu Constituent Assembly and the conclusion was to
culture here is a pure ideological construct. The call this country as “India that is Bharat’, a
Indus valley civilization had its own features religion neutral term. Today Hindu is not a
distinct from the other parts. The Aryans were regional-‘national’ identity; it is primarily a
initially a pastoral society, and then they went for religious identity. The subtle trick in calling
settled agriculture and formation of Kingdoms. everybody Hindu is to first talk of geographical
The native Adivasis had their own culture. The identity, common ancestor and then to say that
Brahimanical and Buddhist traditions were again since we are all Hindus, the Hindu scriptures,
very distinct, the litmus test here is the belief in Gita, Manusmriti are all our national books, cow
caste system, Brahmanism holding to birth based is our National animal; we all have to worship
graded hierarchy and Buddhism opposing the Ram etc.
same. The assertion that a homogenous culture
prevailed is a total myth. We know that culture is This is not an innocuous step. In the beginning
always evolving through interaction which is due ‘we are all Hindus, then so we are a Hindu nation
to migrations and mobility. and then follow the dictates coming from Hindu
holy seers or self proclaimed custodians of
The term Hindutva emerges in late 19th century Hinduism. The position of Constitution is very
with the rise of communal politics in opposition clear that Hindu is a religious identity and India is
to the nascent Indian National Movement. When a national identity. Surely RSS never had anything
Indian National Congress was form in 1885, the to do with either the freedom movement or belief
Muslim Feudal classes and Hindu Feudal classes in the Indian Constitution so in pursuance of its
opposed it and both articulated their own agenda, in contrast to Indian Constitution, which
communal ideology. The one coming from Hindu gives us the Indian identity, RSS wants to impose
communal stream was vaguely called Hindutva. Hindu identity.
This was brought to the fore prominently by
Savarkar in 1924. Savarkar also defined Hindu as
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
What will happen in the next step become clear to live in India, convert to Hinduism. Either
from the following discussion which transpired in convert or perish. But when the Hindu society
the RSS training camp, which gives us the inkling and RSS will become strong enough we will tell
of the agenda of RSS in the long term. Let’s see them that if you want to live in India and if you
the statement of RSS worker Joshi, couple of love this country, you accept that some
decades ago, “During a question-and-answer generations earlier you were Hindus and come
session, a volunteer asked Yadavrao Joshi, then back to the Hindu fold.” (17)
the head of Sangh workers across all of south
India, “We say RSS is a Hindu organization. We So what Sangh Combine had been aspiring from
say we are a Hindu nation, India belongs to last nine decades is being asserted with bigger
Hindus. We also say in the same breath that authority with Modi Sarkar at center. What
Muslims and Christians are welcome to follow Bhagwat of RSS is saying and followers are
their faith and that they are welcome to remain as speaking on the TV debates is a clear violation of
they are so long as they love this country. Why do the values of Indian Constitution. So where are
we have to give this concession? Why don’t we be we heading is a question which all the citizens
very clear that they have no place if we are a have to become aware and stick to what we have
Hindu country?” Joshi replied “As of now, RSS and gained through freedom movement epitomized in
Hindu society are not strong enough to say our Constitution. That needs to be saved and
clearly to Muslims and Christians that if you want protected from the sectarian motivated agenda.
***
Chapter 6
How Is Ghar Vapasi Different From Forcible
Conversions?
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
P ropaganda around conversions has been one of
the major political tools during last few
decades. It was Niyogi Commission report which
hand this is being projected as a great valorous
achievement by the RSS leaders like Yogi Adiytnath,
on the other it is being labeled as a master stroke by
investigated the conversions in Adivasi areas in RSS by other RSS ideologues. According to one
1950s, then the Meenaxipuram conversions of ideologue of RSS, they had been calling for a ban on
Dalits into Islam, and then the gruesome murder of conversions, which was being opposed by the
Pastor Graham Stewart Stains on the charges that secular elements and religious minorities. This
he was doing conversion; these are a few amongst conversion nay Ghar Vapasi will bring to fore the
the big spectrum related to the phenomenon of debate to bring in the strict law against any
conversions. As such the regular propaganda by conversion. If, as reported, the conversion of 350
communal forces that Muslim Kings converted odd Muslims in Ved Nagar in Agra to Hinduism is
people into Islam by sword has been made the part the work of RSS, it is clear that the RSS has grown
of ‘social common sense’ by now. On regular basis strategic, according to RSS ideologue.
around Christmas time one saw the anti Christian
violence in Adivasi areas a decade ago, and in that As per this ideologue this move of RSS is a smart
context rather than focusing on the violence against one too. It seems to have triggered a debate on
religious minorities, the then Prime Minister Atal conversions which it has been asking for decades
Bihari Vajpayee called for a National debate on but was evaded by its critics. While communal
Conversions.(18) elements are crying hoarse that Meenaxipuram has
been the act of conversions through petro dollars
In the recent conversions to Hinduism in Agra (10 and the Christian missionaries are doing conversion
December 2014) nearly 350 pavement dwellers-rag though foreign money, the truth of the matter is
pickers and other destitute sections were promised somewhat different. Meenaxipuram conversion was
that if they participate in the religious function they triggered by humiliation of the dalit youth by the
will be given the ration card and BPL cards. (19) upper caste. While the propaganda that Christian
This was done by the Bajrang Dal activist and the missionaries are doing forcible conversions is on
Hindu Janjagriti Samiti both outfits affiliated to RSS. the peak the fact is that no evidence of the
The only difference is that this process has been application of force has been generally reported. It
called as Ghar Vapasi and not conversion. On one is also true that while some sects of Christian do
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
claim that they are converting; the majority sects the appeal of which prompted many Adivasis-Dalits
affirm that when the conversion is sought by to embrace this religion. It is only from last six
someone in the society and only under that decades that communal forces have been showing
voluntary request the conversion if at all takes their discomfort of Missionaries working in the
place. Interestingly as many people have started Adivasi-village areas violence has been more in
believing that the missionaries are converting the those areas. Not to forget here is the point that
population of Christians has been shown a marginal many Christian institutions are located in cities,
decline during last few decades as per census where all sections of society vie to send their
figures (1971-2.60, 1982-2.44. 1991-2.34, 2001 children. One can also concede that a few of these
-2.30 and 2.30 in 2011) The Wadhwa Commission, missions may be aiming for conversions through
which was appointed by the then home minister their prayer and healing services. The question of
L.K.Advani in the after math of the burning of Pastor allurement and fraud, if at all, may be a small
Stains points out that Pastor was not involved in the component of the phenomenon of conversion to
work of conversions and that in Keonjhar in Christianity. Most of the attacks and accusations
Manoharpur of Orissa, the percentage of Christians which took place against Christian missionaries
has shown fair stability, or an statistical were when they were holding prayer meetings. The
insignificant rise in the percentage of Christian money they receive comes through proper FCRA
population during the time Pastor Stains was channel, and many NGOs including the
working there. organizations like RSS also receive foreign funds to
be sure.
How have conversion taken place in India? We can
examine this in two stages. In medieval period as Now the assertion is that what RSS affiliates do is a
far as conversion to Islam is concerned it took place Ghar vapasi! They claim so many things which are a
mainly due to the caste oppression, as pointed out pure political concoction. The voluntary
by Swami Vivekananda "Why amongst the poor of conversions have very much been a part of caste
India so many are Mohammadens? It is nonsense to ridden Indian society. It is another matter that even
say that they were converted by the sword. It was the Christian and Muslim communities could not
to gain liberty from Zamindars and Priests....." remain free from this caste virus, but the hope of
(Collected Works- Vol. 8- Page 330). Surely a small the dominated castes to get social justice has played
section did convert to Islam due to anticipation for a major role in changing one’s faith. The RSS claim
reward by Muslim kings, a smaller section due to that the ancestors of all these converts are Hindus
fear and a substantial chunk due to the social has no relevance in the debate. How is ancestry
interaction as seen in the Muslims of Malabar coast important in one’s faith and the citizenship today?
and the Muslims of Mewat. Major conversion to Do we have to trace our ancestry to decide today’s
Islam during medieval time was due to the faith? Where will this lead us? The theory of
influence of Sufi saints, at whose Dargaha the evolution apart from the latest DNA studies show
untouchables could also visit. Since even today one that human’s beginning is from South Africa. The
fourth of the population holds to the norms of coming of Aryans to India from Arctic zone
untouchablity, it is not surprising that some (Lokmanya Tilak) to that Aryans were original
dominated castes do keep deciding to leave the fold inhabitants of India is a perpetual debate, with
of Hinduism, as was proclaimed by Dr. Ambedkar, more heat than light in it.
who left Hinduism with proclamation that ‘I was
born a Hindu; that was not in my hands, but I will What was the religion of Nomads-Pagans? Some
not die a Hindu.” social scientists call it Indigenous culture, rather
than religion for the phenomenon which was and is
The conversions to Christianity did not begin with practiced by indigenous (Adivasi) people all over
the coming of British as propagated by some. the World. Society is always changing. As caste
Christianity is centuries old, entering India with the system has been the central part of religion in India
coming of St Thomas in the first century. Some many of the dominated castes regularly kept
doubt this version and hold that Christianity came leaving Hinduism to opt for other religions, Jainism,
here in fifth century. The Christian missionaries Buddhism, Christianity, Islam and Sikhism. People
have been working here in the neglected Adivasi felt that they are not getting equality and so kept
areas providing the health and educational services, leaving the Hindu fold and embracing other
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
religions. After Lord Buddha’s teachings a large religions for political purpose, Gandhi in contrast
chunk of people became Buddhists in the sub was harping on ‘morality’ of religions to unite the
continent. It is another matter that later in the people. So while he was leading the anti colonial
Brahminical reaction, Buddhism was wiped out struggle the communalists were spitting fire against
from here. Many felt that the missions are doing the ‘other community’ and ‘Shuddhi’ (Arya Samaj)
service to their community so they changed their and Tanjim (Tablighi Jammat) was part of their
faith. political agenda in the early part of twentieth
century. The Hindu religion is not a prophet based
The problem, which RSS projects is due to its being religion, so the concept of conversion is not there.
hung up to the values and system of past; pastoral, In most prophet based religions the call for
agricultural-feudal societies. The changes in social spreading the divine word is there. So earlier Arya
system accompany the changes in systems of Samaj coined the word Shuddhi, which was for
production and education in particular; are totally forcible conversion into Hinduism. RSS improvised
missing in its world view. India came into being on that and has coined the word Ghar Vapasi as a
through the freedom struggle led by Mahatma clever move to hide its ‘forcible conversion drive’.
Gandhi, who could unite the people of all religions Its claim that it is undertaking Ghar vapasi to bring
as he treated all religions on equal ground. For him, the religious minorities in the mainstream is again a
there is no distinction between foreign and Native hoax as minorities had been equal participants in
religions. the movement for India’s freedom, a struggle from
which RSS remained aloof, barring one exception.
Unfortunately Gandhi is quoted extensively by Right To claim that adivasis are Hindus, is again does not
wing forces to oppose conversions; but his quotes hold water as Adivasis are animists, believing in
which are taken support are fragments of what he nature worship, and in the spirit of their ancestors
said. His major quote on conversion is from and spirit of Nature. All over the World indigenous
collected works, Volume XLVI p. 27-28. In an people hold similar belief and have similar practice.
interview dated 22nd March 1931, given to The This is unlike Hinduism where Gita, Ram and
Hindu, Gandhi apparently stated that “if in self Acharya are the core part of it belief today.
governing India, missionaries kept ‘proselytizing’
by means of medical aid, education etc., I would The central point is that RSS does not recognize
certainly ask them to withdraw. Every nation’s Indian nationalism and holds to Hindu nationalism
religion is as good as any other. Certainly India’s so the whole maneuver for this ‘forcible conversion’
religions are adequate for her people. We need no is being passed off as ‘Ghar Vapasi’ while dubbing
converting spirituality.” This is the first part of the other conversions as forcible. Rather than
quote and the lines that follow give the totally recognizing the qualitative change in the formation
opposite idea, the ideas, which Gandhi held. Gandhi of India as the nation state, it is stuck to the
goes on to write, “This is what the reporter has put pastoral-feudal-preindustrial society with the
in my mouth… All that I can say is that it is a values of caste and gender hierarchy. The ‘Ghar
travesty of what I have always said and held.” He vapsi’ is being planned at larger scales. And an
goes on to explain, “I am, then, not against intimidating and fraudulent atmosphere is being
conversion. But I am against the modern methods of created to execute the forcible conversions. This is a
it. Conversions nowadays have become a matter of frightening message to religious minorities. This is a
business, like any other… Every nation considers its clever manipulation of political power to violate the
own faith to be as good as that of any other. norms of Indian constitution.
Certainly the great faiths held by the people of India
are adequate for her people. India stands in no need
of conversions from one faith to another.” And then
he goes on to list the faiths of India, “Apart from
Christianity and Judaism, Hinduism and its
offshoots, Islam and Zoroastrianism are living
faiths.”
Constituent Assembly had discussed this thread Do we need laws to ban conversions? We have laws
bare and so the right to practice and propagate to punish those who indulge in force, fraud and
one’s religion is very much there. In the debate the allurement. What we need is to distinguish between
word used is ‘converting’ others. Where is the place voluntary conversion and forced one’s. Ghar Vapasi
for people volunteering and adopting another is a shrewd name for forcible conversions. So what
religion, like Ambedkar and so many others? In a we need is the political and moral will to promote
way it is a way to undermine the conscience of freedom of religion and punish the guilty, using
people that somebody is converting them. Where is illegal means to achieve the change of faith. The so
the place for choice of one’s religion in a democratic called ‘Freedom of Religion’ bills are there not to
society believing in ‘freedom of religion and provide freedom of conscience but to curb the same
conscience’? by legal means.
***
Chapter 7
Liberal Society and Growing Intolerance
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
The viciousness of atmosphere is not lost on the saying that “as a Christian suddenly I feel stranger
social perceptions. The insecurity of minorities has in my own country.”(22) And the renowned actor
gone up by leaps and bounds. One knows that since Naseeruddin Shah had to point out that “Have never
the present NDA regime came to power all those been aware of my identity as a Muslim until now.”
‘spewing hate’ are working overtime. For one
Akbaruddudin Owaisi there is an army of Sakshi These are not ordinary times. The values of
Mahraj, Sadhvis, Yogis and what have you. This pluralism and tolerance have been pushed to the
army of mostly saffron robed or the one’s with the margins. With this Government in power all the
association with Hindu Nationalist politics has high wings of communal politics, the RSS affiliates, have
position within their political combine, what is unleashed themselves in full blast. Communalism is
known as Sangh Parivar. The prime Minister not just the number of deaths due to violence, it is
himself had exerted the Hindu youth to emulate much more. The foundation of this violence begins
Maharana Pratap to save the honor of Mother cow with the manufacture of perceptions about the
during the election speeches. Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi, religious minorities. These perceptions based on
the BJP’s Muslim face advised those wanting to eat history and some selective aspects of present
beef to go to Pakistan. society are given an anti human tilt and
interpretation. This is used to create hatred for the
Even after the awards started being returned the minorities and that’s where the communal elements
BJP leadership looked down upon the can unleash violence either as a massive violence
writers/scholars and overlooked the phenomenon like Gujarat or Mumbai or Bhagalpur or
which has lead to returning of awards. To mock Muzzafarnagar or the one in Dadri. This creates the
these writers Buddhi Shuddhi puja path divides in society which over a period of time is
(purification of intellect ritual) has been organized converted into polarization. And polarization is the
and BJP spokespersons are humiliating them in talk foundation of electoral strength of party wanting a
shows with all their ferocity. (21) To cap it all the nation in the name of religion. As per Yale study, the
Haryana Chief Minister, an old RSS pracharak, said communal violence is the vehicle which strengthens
that Muslims can live here but only if they will give BJP at electoral level.
up beef eating. And lately the minister Gen V.K.
Singh has accused that those protesting against The present combination of the Government guided
intolerance are doing it for money. No doubt the BJP by the ideology of Hindu nationalism and the ‘fringe
Chief Amit Shah has talked to some of these leaders elements’ having same ideology, has a vast network
behind the close doors, but that does seem to be a and with a wide reach. This party has the advantage
mock drill as the leaders concerned did say that that mostly it does not have to dirty its hands in the
they went to meet their chief for some other local agenda of sectarian nationalism, and so there
reasons and none of them gave any serious apology. are many elements which can do the local work for
dividing the society. The so called fringe elements
Disturbed by what is going on, the President Pranab now are occupying the center stage, and so the
Mukherjee on three occasions urged the nation to ‘qualitative change’ in the situation. The flood of
uphold, pluralism, the core civilizational value of awards being returned is due to the situation
the country and to uphold tolerance. The Vice created by deeper communalization of society. This
President Hamid Ansari reminded the Government is manifested in growing intolerance, attack on
that it is the duty of the state to uphold the ‘right to plurality and is leading to the insecurity of
life’ of citizens. The index of the changing social minorities, which has qualitatively transcended the
atmosphere is reflected by the statements of two earlier limits. The question is how to uphold the
outstanding citizens of the country. Julio Reibero, values of Indian Constitution in the current times?
the top cop, expressed his pain and anguish by
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
***
Chapter 8
Rohith Vemula: Hindutva Politics and Dalit
Question Today
***
Chapter 9
Undermining Democracy: Stifling Academic
Institutions
State Repression of JNUSU and unleashing of street Violence
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
himself by the machinations of ABVP, which had secular voices in the country. As in Rohith Vemula
brought pressure through a BJP MP on the ministry case the ABVP, has become emboldened to call all
to get Rohith expelled from hostel and to stop his those opposing their politics as anti national and
fellowship. Similarly the local ABVP unit brought are getting the state support to intimidate the
pressure through its usual channels to intimidate voices for social justice; the progressive voices. BJP
and stifle the democratically elected student union related organizations are creating a mass hysteria
in JNU. around ‘Anti national’. All those who don’t endorse
the ‘RSS promoted Hindutva nationalism’ are being
It is alleged that in JNU some anti India; Pro- called as anti national.
Pakistan slogans were shouted. There are confusing
versions as to who did it. Some doctoring of videos All this is a big erosion of the values and practices
is also part of the game unleashed to stifle which India has been nourishing. RSS combine is
democratic freedoms. On the pretext of that seeing this as an opportunity to wipe out all the
Kanhiaya Kumar, the president of the JNUSU was norms and ethos of democratic culture and
arrested and the charges of sedition were slapped dissenting voices. It is a matter of shame that the
on him. Now Kumar is a member of AISF, the police lacks the spine and professionalism and
student wing of CPI, which is opposed to the arrests the likes of Kanhaiya Kumar.
separatist-pro Pakistan stance and in no way can he
be part of type of slogan shouting which is The argument has been uniformly spoken by the
supposed to have taken place. The original video Delhi lawyers taking law in their hands to those
also makes it clear. He neither shouted the slogans indulging in violence, from the ministers and top
nor can anybody be arrested on the charge of BJP leaders to those indulging in street violence.
shouting slogans. The constitutional position as The second observation is that JNU students have
clarified by noted lawyer Soli Sorabjee is that been demonized through the propaganda as being
incitement to violence alone can be termed anti- anti National, and JNU being the den of anti India
National. (25) activities. One recalls that all this demonization of
JNU has started with this Government coming to
How come Delhi police enter the campus? The Vice power. The RSS affiliates, VHP etc have been taking
chancellor, a BJP appointee, is indulging in double the marches to JNU gate to protest against the anti
speak on the issue. On TV he stated that he will be National JNU students and faculty.
the last person to call police in the campus. The
investigation shows that he wrote letters to police Both these arguments show the deeper agenda in a
calling them to take suitable action. Delhi police, way. The anti national rhetoric has been created to
working under Home Minister Rajnath Singh; went generate a mass hysteria against those disagreeing
on recklessly to put the charge of sedition against with BJP politics. The resorting to violence on this
Kumar. The lawyers in the court indulged in pretext clearly shows that this is a concerted effort
violence against those who looked like JNU to browbeat the practices and ideas which are not
students. One BJP MLA is involved in mercilessly in keeping with the RSS-BJP mindset. This hysteria
beating up a CPI activist. This MLA also said that has been created to distract the attention from the
had he got the gun he would have shot those raising social movement building up around the death of
anti India slogans. One journalist was also attacked Rohith Vemula. The all round anger on the Rohith
by BJP supporters. The same violence was repeated issue had put the BJP on the back foot. This creation
by lawyers the next day also and when Kanhaiya of mass hysteria around anti India slogans has been
was being brought to court he was also beaten. created and is leading to street violence. This is an
attempt on the part of BJP associates to wrest the
Now what is happening is a blatant attack by RSS initiative away from the movement which is
controlled ABVP-BJP to crush the democratic building around Rohith. Apart from the attempt to
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
abolish autonomy of universities this is also an dispensation and its political associates’ to create a
attempt to sidetrack the issue of Dalits. The latter mass hysteria around anti-Nationalism and to erode
has also been reflected in the resignation of three the image of a progressive institution like JNU is as
office bearers of ABVP of JNU. These office bearers such an attack on the principles of democracy in the
in their letter point out their dissatisfaction with the country. (26)
Government-BJP-ABVP interference in JNU affairs
and their attitude of undermining the dalit issue as The issue remains whether the mass hysteria and
reflected in their attitude to the death of Rohith. the street violence which has been unleashed on the
pretext of anti India slogans can be brought under
The demonization of JNU again is on purpose. This control? The massive rallies of the students
institute has reflected the democratic spirit, the demanding the release of Kumar, demanding that
freedom of thought, and the progressive values, all government should not interfere in autonomy of
of which are an anathema to the agenda universities and opposing the demonization of JNU
represented by ABVP-BJP. They want to abolish the drew a massive response. ABVP and family in a
autonomy of academic institutions as reflected in recalcitrant manner is mobilizing all through the
their policies in case of FTTI, IIT Madras, IIT Delhi country to protest against ‘Anti nationalism’. All
and HCU to name the few. JNU was a particular those who were part of the JNU students meeting
target due to its outstanding contribution to high and of JNU have condemned the anti-India pro
level of scholarship and adherence to progressive Pakistan slogans. The need is to take up the struggle
secular values. The concerted move by the ruling for preserving democratic values to the masses.
***
Chapter 10
***
Summing Up
As the matters stand it is becoming clear that all the is to oppose the secular, plural and democratic
wings of RSS are in full action. They are getting all activities in the campuses as witnessed in
the protection and support from ruling government. Hyderabad Central University, Allahabad University
The RSS progeny which has come to most and JNU in particular.
prominence is ABVP, which has been in the lime
light in different educational campuses. Its direction
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
HCU and JNU in particular tell us as to how brazenly the democratic platform. This upsurge of youth is a
ABVP can assert itself on the issues related to guide to the national movement as a whole
pluralism and democracy, with due support from reminding us of the need for all anti-communal
ruling party. Incidents have also revealed the forces to come together at social and political level
attacks on dalits and other democratic formations to oppose the rising tide of authoritarianism in the
are possible by ABVP as it has the protective cover name of religion-Hindutva. While the electoral
of the authorities who have been chosen based on experiment in Bihar has given the first respite, the
their loyalty to Hindutva ideology. students are providing the ground for march of the
movement to protect democracy.
On one hand we have this imposition of RSS
ideology, on the other students and youth have We are in for challenging times. There are attacks
come forward to defend the mantle of progressive and there is hope. We definitely can look forward to
values. The most heartening thing of recent times is a united platform of all forces believing in the
that the students of different political persuasions, values of Indian Constitution to come together and
Ambedkarite-left-socialists are coming together on preserve the values of the same.
***
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda
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21. http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/10/19/buddhi-shuddhi-puja-authors_n_8328488.html
22. http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/i-feel-i-am-on-a-hit-list/
23. http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-dalit-student-s-suicide-all-we-know-about-rohith-vemula-s-
death-2167428
24. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/following-protests-iitm-lifts-ban-on-study-
circle/article7292038.ece
25. http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/anti-national-slogans-are-not-sedition-says-former-attorney-
general-sorabjee/1/596950.htmlhttp://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/anti-national-slogans-are-not-
sedition-says-former-attorney-general-sorabjee/1/596950.html
26. http://www.ndtv.com/opinion/can-india-really-not-cope-with-a-few-anti-national-slogans-1278410
27. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/why-muslims-reject-vande-mataram/story-
rRNDm0d1waQ3FCfew9IhxJ.html
Selected Bibliography
2. Nilofar Suharawardy, Image and Substance: Modi’s First Year in Office- Pharos Media Delhi, 2015
4. Shamsul Islam, A Critique of Golwalkar’s ‘We or our Nationhood defined’, Pharos Media, 2011
6. L.S. Hardenia, RSS Ideology: greatest danger for Democracy, Bhopal, 2014
7. Ram Puniyani, Indian Nationalism versus Hindu Nationalism, Pharos Media, 2016
8. Ram Puniyani, Holy Cow: Indian Political Chessboard (Edited), Media House Delhi 2015
9. Ram Puniyani, Ghar Wapsi, Conversions and Freedom of Religion (Edited), Media House Delhi 2015
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Modi Sarkar: Unfolding of Hindutva Agenda