EXERCISE 1

MOHAMAD SUFRI BIN MOHD SHUKOR

A18DW2382
3/DDWG SEC 32

A. Describe the three major factors determining the production planning controls?

1) Sales Order
It’s a customer order rewrite defining what was purchased (product, quantity and approving the
products to be delivered to the consumer). Variations or changes in distribution order can have
a dramatic impact on the preparation and management of production.

2) Standard Process Sheet

Organized by process engineering sector or process owner, it is the source of basic data which
may include the type of machine to be used, the processing time needed, etc. For example, if
any system is under breakdown, the normal process sheet will be disrupted which will in effect
affect the planning and control of the output.

3) Project Planning Method 

The component to be manufactured is produced in quantity, and its overall processing time can
be calculated. Methods best known are the Critical Path Method ( CPM) and the Technique for
Program Evaluation and Review (PERT).

B. What is the 10 critical decision area in operation management?

1) Goods and services:

 This includes looking for ways to implement consistency in costs, quality, and resources
across all business divisions.

2) Quality Management: 
Be clear on the customer’s demands and then meet those expectations. Use market research
to determine customer needs and batch quality assurance testing on products and services in
production.

3) Process and Capacity Design: 

Design strategies which support all production goals including technology and resources. A
value stream map can help determine what processes are necessary and how to keep them
running efficiently.

4) Location: 
In developing a location strategy consider supply chain and how the location will receive
supplies, the movement of goods and services internally and to customers, and the role of
marketing and public relations in the location choice.

5) Layout Design and Strategy:

 Consider the placement of desks, workstations, and how materials are delivered and used.

6) Human Resources and Job Design:

 Implement continuous improvement programs with regular reviews, provide continuous
training for employees, and institute employee satisfaction programs to achieve success in this
area.

7) Supply Chain Management:

 Determine the best strategies to streamline, be cost effective, and to develop trusted partners.
 8) Inventory:
Different markets mean different challenges when it comes to inventory but all need to
strategize and plan their inventory control. Weather, supply shortages, and labor all influence
how an organization maintains its inventory.

9) Scheduling: 
Consider both production and people. Ask questions such as how much product is required to
be produced for the customer in the required time? How many people and how many machines
are required to do the job effectively and efficiently? This differs among industries and business
departments. For example, emergency rooms need to maintain different schedules than a
hospital’s corporate office.

10) Maintenance: 
This includes maintaining people and machines, as well as, process. What do you need to do
to maintain quality and keep resources reliable and stable?

C. What is the inability causes to meet delivery date promised?

1) Lack of availability of material in time

2) Lack of availability of supervisor in time

3) Lack of staff in shift

4) Load balancing not done properly

5) Lack of staff in shift

D. There are three main characteristics of mass and flow production, describe it.

1) There is scope for considerable division of labor.

2) Machinery is laid as per the sequence of production.

3) Material handling is reduced to minimum.

4) Very little time is pent on the resulting of machines.

5) The flow of work is balanced.

6) Work cycles are smart and of repetitive nature.

7) Time study can be applied, to advantage, to different operations.

8) Work-in-progress in small as compared t intermittent production.

9) Procedures, tools and materials handling need proper attention.

10) Plat layout and facilities are designed to suit production requirements.

11) Flow production is preferred where their is a continuous and regular product demand.

12) It offers lowest production cost per unit.