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EMS98R3
Genset Controller
User Guide
EMS
www.ems.gen.nz
1 Introduction
Overview
The EMS98 is a controller suitable for use with Diesel powered Gensets, which are used for standby
or auxiliary power generation. It is very configurable and suitable for single or three phase gensets.
The unit controls the starting and stopping of a genset via a manual start button, an internal auto
mains failure system, an external autostart signal or the built in scheduler. Vital operating
parameters are monitored and displayed. If abnormal operation is detected, the unit alarms and
provides genset shutdown. Control for load transfer contactors is also provided.
Monitored Parameters:
Engine Parameters Electrical parameters
• Engine Speed • Generator Volts and Current
• Oil Pressure • Generator Line to Line Volts
• Coolant Temperature • Generator Frequency
• Oil Temperature or Fuel Level (optional) • Generator KW and KVA
• Battery Voltage • Generator Power Factor
• Engine Hours. • Generator KWHr
• Operating Status • Mains Voltage
• Operating Warnings and Alarms • Mains frequency
Alarm
LOP
HWT
F-Start
F-Stop
3100-0161 Chg-Fail
Low Batt
I O
Gauges are scaled to the to full-scale value of the sensor chosen in the unit configuration.
Engine Display
The engine display is a backlit LCD unit with 5 alphanumeric characters on the top line and 5
numeric characters on the bottom line.
This display shows engine speed in RPM on the top section and battery volts on the bottom section
while the engine is running. It also shows system status. If an alarm occurs, alarm text is displayed
on the top section of the display.
If an alarm occurs it can be cleared by pressing the stop button when the engine has stopped.
During the controller configuration procedures, the start button is used to increase an item value, and
the stop button is used to decrease an item value.
The L1, L2, L3, LEDs indicate the phase being displayed. Line to line values are shown with both L1
and L2 LEDs lit for L1 to L2 reading etc.
When other parameters are displayed, the top section shows the parameter name, and the bottom
section shows the parameter value.
The Menu (▼) button allows the user to scroll and view Electrical and Engine values in real time.
When the user scrolls to a value, this will be displayed for 30 seconds after which the display
resumes scrolling in its normal mode.
Inputs
The unit has the following inputs, which are described in more detail in section 3.
Input Function
DI 1 – DI 4 Configurable inputs. See section 3 for details
Oil Sensor Connects to the oil sensor. Switch or resistive.
Temperature Sensor Connects to the temperature transducer. Switch or resistive.
AN 1 May be configured for oil temperature, fuel level or Digital input (DI 5)
Outputs
The unit has the following outputs, which are described in more detail in section 3.
Output Function
Excite Connect to the excitation terminal (usually called WL) of the battery-
charging alternator.
Fuel Connect to the fuel control relay. Supports energise to stop (ETS) and
energise to run (ETR) modes.
Where dual coil solenoids are used use this control signal for the Hold coil.
Crank Connect to the crank.relay
Output 1 – Output 6 Configurable outputs. See section 3 for details
AC Power inputs
The unit has the following AC power inputs:
Input Function
MN Connect to the neutral of the mains.
ML1, ML2, ML3 Connect to L1, L2 and L3 of the mains.
Display Functions
In Ready or Run mode, the Engine and Electrical displays can be made to show any of the current
parameters by pressing the Menu (▼) button. Pressing the button again scrolls to the next value. If
the button is not pressed for 30 seconds the unit will restore the usual default display. Parameters
displayed are dependent on which options are enabled.
2 Operation
Power Down
On initial power up, the controller exercises the LEDS as a lamp test.
When the unit is operated in manual or autostart mode and sleep mode is enabled, the unit will enter
a sleep state when in standby for very low power consumption. In this state, the backlight is turned
off and continuous monitoring of engine sensors is disabled. The unit will wake up regularly to check
battery volts and sensor status (as per the SMON setting). The unit returns to normal power mode
immediately when an Autostart or AMF input is activated, or a button is pressed.
Starting options
The genset can be started manually by using the start button ( I ) , or automatically by the Autostart
input, by mains out of specification (AMF), by the scheduler or by remote control (if communications
module is fitted).
The Autostart and AMF starting systems have three timers associated with them.
The Autostart timers are:
Name Function
ASSTB This timer is used to define the required activation time for the Auto Start
input to start the genset or initiate a longer delay (ASDTM).
ASDTM This timer is used to define a long-term delay for Autostart controlled
starting if required. It is triggered by the termination of the ASSTB timer.
ASRTM This timer is used to define the required Autostart restore time to terminate
the ASSTB or ASDTM timers and thus abort the start process.
Name Function
BKSTB This timer is used to define the required activation time for the AMF system
to start the genset or initiate a longer delay (BKDTM).
BKDTM This timer is used to define a long-term delay for AMF controlled starting if
required. It is triggered by the termination of the BKSTB timer
BKRTM This time is used to define the require Autostart restore level to terminate
the BKSTB or BKDTM timers and thus abort the start process.
During the start or blackout delay, the alarm LED flashes quickly and the start warning output is
activated for the start delay time (if configured).
The A contactor (if enabled) will activate either immediately, after a preset delay, or when the genset
is ready for load (depending on configuration, see section 5 for details). If the preset delay has not
expired when the B contactor is ready to operate, the A contactor will be activated followed by the B
contactor after the transfer delay.
The Start button immediately initiates the starting process. If the genset is running in manual mode
and an Autostart or AMF start is requested, then pressing the start button will convert the running
mode to Auto or AMF.
The Scheduler is used to regularly start and run the genset for a preset time and may transfer the
contactors as described above if a transfer has been enabled. It is used to test that the genset
remains in good operational condition.
The Remote start function requires the use of a communications interface to initiate the start
sequence. It behaves in a similar manner to a manual start.
Running
While the engine is running normally, the engine display shows the RPM, battery volts and the status
of the engine. Pressing the Menu (▼) button will cycle to Oil Pressure, Engine Temperature, Engine
Hours, Current Run Time and any active Warnings.
The electrical parameter display shows Mains voltage and frequency, Generator voltage, current and
frequency and Active and Reactive Power related values.
If an alarm occurs, the general alarm indicator will light up together with the relevant alarm indicator.
Stopping
When the Autostart input is deactivated, or the Mains restores (in AMF mode), the run state will
terminate and the run on state will commence. If stopping manually, Runon is skipped and Cool
down is initiated immediately.
During Runon and Cooldown the alarm LED flashes slowly, indicating that the engine is about to
stop.
3 Configuration
The controller is configured using the Start (1), Stop (0) and Menu (▼) buttons.
Note: The unit must be in the Ready mode and the engine stationary in order to enter the
configuration mode.
To select the configuration mode press and hold the menu button (▼) until the alarm icon is lit.
(approx 10 seconds).
The alarm icon remains lit when configuration mode is active.
Note: After any configuration changes it is highly recommended to power the unit Off for 10
seconds and then On again. This will allow any changes made, to reconfigure the hardware,
and flush the stored variables from the software for the new configuration.
Configuration Items
Note: Where there are coupled features such as alarms and warnings, then the warning set
point cannot be set above the alarm set point. This also applies to trip and restore logic
items.
Note: Some parameters are visible only if an associated function is enabled. Where a linked
function is disabled associated items will be hidden as they do not require setting
Note: The items in normal text may need to be adjusted to customise the behaviour and
performance of the genset. However the default values have been carefully chosen for typical
standby genset application without significant user adjustment being required. The items bolded in
the left column MUST be setup for each genset.
The following table lists configuration items and their possible values.
Each of the 5 digital inputs can be configured exclusively as any one of the following functions:
Function Name Functionality
OFF If an Input is configured as off, then it will not be activate any function.
AUTO The Autostart input is used to automatically start the engine after the start delay.
ESTOP The emergency stop input shuts down the engine and triggers an alarm
BELT The broken belt triggers a shutdown and an alarm.
FUELA The Fuel alarm input can be used as a low fuel engine shut down alarm.
FUELW The fuel warning input can be used as a low fuel engine warning.
TEST The Test input inhibits the activation of the B contactor when the engine is run. The A
contactor is not affected. This input can be used to operate the engine manually without
transferring the load.
PLANT When activated, this input disables Auto and AMF starting and changes the mode of an auto
running genset to Cool for eventual shut down. This input does not prevent scheduled or
manual running of the genset. When this input is deactivated while and Autostart or AMF
start is requested, a lockout does not occur, but the genset will start immediately.
CNTHI Canopy Temperature High. Used to extend the activation of the LVRCT output once the
Genset has stopped. This input is may be connected to a thermostat to maintain the LVRCT
on while temperature is higher than a set value.
CANAL This input is used to shut down the Genset in the event of high canopy temperatures.
GENOL This input will display a GENOL warning (Generator Overload), if activated while the engine is
in run mode
WARN The warning output is activated when a warning is present. It remains on while the condition
is active.
ALARM The alarm output is activated when an alarm occurs. It remains on while the condition is
active.
Alarms are cleared by pressing the stop button (0).
HOOT The Hooter turns on for 1 second every 2 Sec for a warning and turns on continuously for an
alarm.
Pressing the stop button (0) disables the hooter. A new alarm will retrigger the Hooter
ESTOP The emergency stop output turns on while the emergency stop input is activated.
LVCON The louvre control output is used to control canopy louvres or a canopy fan. See the
configuration item for LVRCT for detailed operation.
STARF Activated when the genset fails to start.
STOPF Activated when the genset fails to stop.
LOP Activated if the genset is shut down due to low oil pressure
HET Activated if the genset is shut down due to high temperature.
SWARN Turns on the output at the beginning of either Start delay for an autostart, Preheat or Fuel On.
The output is turned off when cranking is about to commence.
A hooter connected to this output is useful to warn staff of any impending engine start.
CON A Contactor A output is activated to disconnect the load from the mains.
Depending on configuration it activates either immediately when mains fail or autostart is
detected, a programmable time after this or when the engine is in a fully running state.
CON B Contactor B output is activated to connect the load to the generator.
Connection occurs after a period defined by the transfer delay which starts at the end of the
Running state of the engine.
4 Speed Calibration
If the speed-sensing signal is derived from the battery charging alternator, (SPSEL = Tacho), the
controller must be calibrated before the genset can be operated.
In the uncalibrated mode, the genset displays UNCAL in the RPM display. For safety all sequenced
starting is disabled. The genset will not inadvertently start even if the autostart or AMF input are
activated. However a modified manual start mechanism is functional.
Before successful calibration can be achieved, SPNOM in the setup menu must be set to the
nominal running speed of the engine. (Typically 1500 or 1800 RPM).
In order to calibrate the speed, start the engine using the start button (1). The start button(1) must be
held pressed until the genset starts. Releasing the start button (1) prematurely may disconnect the
crank before the engine starts properly. This safety feature enables the user to stop cranking
immediately, if mechanical problems are encountered.
When the genset is running and the speed is stable, the calibration process is activated by pressing
and holding the menu button (▼) and the start button (1) until the display shows CAL…… This may
take up to about 10 seconds. At this point the buttons can be released.
After engine speed calibration, the genset must be stopped. Upon restarting the genset will operate
with the normal fully sequenced starting process. If Autostart or AMF are activate on stooping after
calibration the controller will enter the appropriate lockout. Pressing the start button will enable the
active input to start the engine.
Note: For safety, ensure the Autostart and AMF functions are disabled or controlled correctly,
as the genset will start automatically if these inputs are activated. Ensure personal safety at
all times and apply the Emergency Stop if in any doubt. Personal safety comes first.
5 Contactor A Operation
The Unit has a fully functional Automatic Mains Fail detection system which (as well as starting the
genset) controls Contactor A and operates irrespective of whether the unit is in manual or automatic
mode. Contactor A is not affected by operation of the emergency stop input. It may be disabled by
setting CNALD to Off.
When the Engine is not running and CnALd is set to Mains, the AMF system will unload Contactor A
if the mains is abnormal. Similarly if CnALd is set to A-S, then Contactor A will be unloaded if the
Autostart input is active. If CnALd is set to either, then Contactor A will be unloaded if either mains is
abnormal or Autostart is active.
Contactor A unloads either immediately or after a delay depending on the setting of the unload
parameter. If UNLDT is set to Imedt, Contactor A will unload immediately on detection of an AMF
event or Autostart activation. On restoration of this event, Contactor A will activate immediately.
If UNLDM is set to Delay, then Contactor A will be unloaded after the delay time entered in the
UNLDT time. Contactor A will unload when the engine starts prior to the delay time completing.
If UNLOAD is set to Running, then Contactor A will unload once the engine has started.
Before cranking, the controller checks the various inputs for integrity. Cranking is inhibited for the
following sensor conditions
Condition Alarm Comment
OILP error Oil Pressure Error Oil Pressure greater than the oil pressure alarm set point has
been detected. This occurs only if OPCHK is enabled
OILP Fault Oil Pressure Fault A fault has been detected in the oil pressure sensing system.
This is usually an open circuit or broken connection.
TLOCK Speed Present A speed signal is present. See Section 7 Lockouts.
If the conditions inhibiting cranking remain for more than the crank rest time, a start fail alarm is
activated.
Other inputs such as ESTOP and BELT also inhibit engine starting.
During cranking, speed is monitored and the starter solenoid is de-energised when the speed rises
above the starter disconnect speed (SPDIS). If excitation warning (EXTW) and excitation disconnect
(EXTCD) are enabled and excitation occurs while cranking, the starter solenoid will also be
disconnected. This provides an additional safeguard if the speed signal is lost during cranking.
During running, the controller performs regular checks on the integrity of the engine sensors and
provides alarms and warnings as appropriate for sensor failures.
Alarms and engine shutdown are triggered by the following sensor failure conditions:
Condition Alarm Comment
OILP fault Oil Pressure Sensor There is a fault in the oil pressure sensing system. This is usually
Fault an open circuit or broken connection.
ETEMP fault Temperature There is a possible temperature sensor fault as the engine
Sensor Fault temperature appears too low after 5 minutes of running.
OTEMP fault Oil Temperature There is a possible oil temperature sensor fault as the oil
Sensor fault temperature appears too low after 5 minutes of running.
Only applicable if AN1 is set to OTEMP.
NOREV Speed Sensor The speed input signal, whether GenHz, MPU or Alternator, has
failure failed.
The function is enabled by setting RMINT to the time required. Setting a zero in the timer value
disables the minimum run time function.
Note: When the genset is being operated in the Auto or AMF mode, if the autostart input is
deactivated before the minimum run time has elapsed, then the engine will continue to run
until the this time has completed. The additional time is added to the RUNON time.
The maximum run time function limits excessive running independently of the activating input. This is
useful where a genset is not rated for continuous duty, or where an unattended system is running
beyond a reasonable operational time limit.
The function is enabled by setting a non-zero value for RMAXT. When this feature is enabled,
options exist for activating a warning or stopping and locking out the genset when the maximum run
time is exceeded.
8 Scheduler Operation
The controller has a scheduler that can be configured to run the genset at defined intervals for a
defined length of time.
The interval between each scheduled running cycle is set by SCHTM. SCHRT sets the time of each
run. If load is to be transferred during the scheduled run, then SCHXR is set to on.
9 Lockout Conditions
Lockout conditions occur when the engine cannot start when requested due to the presence of
another condition, which is preventing it from starting.
Lockouts are cleared by removing the condition that prevents the start from occurring. At this point
the controller unit will return to the ready state.
Warnings.
Warnings are non-critical conditions which do not interfere with the normal operation of the genset
and which provide a warning of a current or pending abnormal condition. Warnings are generally
non-latching and do not stop the genset.
Warnings are shown on the LCD display and flash the alarm LED. The Hooter is activated for 1
second every 2 seconds and the warning output is activated.
Alarms
Alarms indicate conditions, which may cause serious damage to the genset. If an alarm condition is
detected the genset will be shutdown to protect it against possible damage.
Note: If the user has set Protect = Off in the setup menu then no protection is provided and
the genset may run to catastrophic destruction. There is no automatic shutdown.
Warnings and Alarms are still indicated.
When an alarm occurs, the alarm indicator indicates red. The Alarm output (if configured) will
activate while the alarm is active. The Hooter output (if configured) will activate for the alarm time or
until the Stop button (0) is pressed.
If the alarm has an associated LED indicator then this will also be activated.
Alarms that may occur are shown below:
Alarm Display Comment
Low Oil Pressure LOIL The oil pressure is below the low oil pressure alarm set point
High Engine ETEMP The high engine temperature alarm set point has been
Temp exceeded.
Broken Belt BELT The broken belt input is activated.
Emergency Stop ESTOP The emergency stop input has been activated.
Over speed OREV The genset has exceeded its maximum operational speed set
point.
Under speed UREV The genset is operating below the minimum speed set point.
High Speed HIREV The genset has exceeded the maximum allowable speed.
Speed Failure NOREV The genset speed signal has failed during running.
Start Failure START The genset appears to have failed to start
Fail
Stop Failure STOP The genset appears to have failed to stop
Fail
High Oil OTEMP Oil temperature has exceeded its alarm set point
Temperature
Low Fuel LFUEL Low fuel alarm input has been activated.
Maximum RMAXT The Genset has run for longer than its permissible running
Runtime time. (RMAXT).
Exceeded
High Canopy HICNT The High Canopy Alarm (CanAl) input has been activated.
Temp
11 General Specifications
Feature Specification
Controller Overall W 180mm x L 126mm x D 28mm
dimensions
Controller Panel Cut out W 156mm x H 117mm
Controller Mounting M4 Plastic Rivets or Screws. 4 Points
Controller IP rating IP65 from the front, IP20 from rear
Interface Module W 81mm x L 151mm x D 55mm
Dimensions
Interface Module Mounting Din Rail
Interface Module IP Rating IP 30
Supply voltage Nominal 12V/24V DC automotive, 32 volts maximum.
Note: Double battery starting may irreparably damage this
equipment.
Supply current <100mA
Standby current <12 mA
AC Voltage inputs 50 – 400V RMS
AC Current inputs 0 – 5 Amps RMS. 6X overload 6 Seconds
AC measurement True RMS (up to 265 Volts)
AC accuracy better than 2%
DC accuracy 1%
Maximum output current 300ma
Maximum output voltage 32 Volts DC
Output protection Short circuit, reverse voltage, load dump, relay inductive currents
General protection Reverse voltage, load dump.
Cranking drop out protection 0 Volts for 200msec every second provided recovery voltage exceeds
10V.
Operating Temperature -10 to +50°C
Range
Storage Temperature -20 to +60°C
Relative Humidity 95% non condensing
Testing
Environmental Tests IEC68 Part2
EMC Compliance EN50081-1, EN50081-2, IEC6100-4-3
Electrical Safety AS3100, AS3260
Design ISO 9001
Manufacture ISO 9002
12 Installation
151 mm
DI 1
AN1
DI 2
DI 3
Temp
DI 4
Excite
V+
0V
Oil
82 m m
Output 1
Output 2
Output 3
Output 4
Output 5
Output 6
M-L1
M-L2
M-L3
G-L1
G-L2
G-L3
M-N
Com
CT1
G-N
CT2
CT3
Fuel
Isolation
Switch
Start
+ WL
CT1
G-L1
G-N
Fuel
Crank
CT2
CT3
G-L2
G-L3
Output 6
Output 5
Output 4
Excite
Com
V+
ALT W
+
- -
Speed
Temp
Com
AN 1
M-L3
M-L1
M-L2
M-N
DI 4
DI 3
DI 2
DI 1
Oil
Starter
ALT
Speed L1 L2 L3 N
MPU Options
Mains
Connec tions
Con B
Con A
Com
CT1
CT2
CT3
12/24V
Load
L1 L2 L3 N E
Generator
Main Switchboard
L1 L1
L2 L2
L3 L3
A Contactor B Contactor
N
Neutral Neutral
Link Chassis Earth
Earth
Earth Battery -ve
Note 1 Interposing relays are required to drive Con A and Con B if 230 volt coils are used
2 Mechanical interlocks should be fitted between ConA and Con B
12V
Load
L1 L2 L3 N E
L1 L1
L2 L2
L3 L3
N
Neutral Neutral
Link A Contactor B Contactor Chassis Earth
Earth Battery -ve
Earth
Note 1 Interposing relays are required to drive Con A and Con B if 230 volt coils are used
2 Mechanical interlocks should be fitted between ConA and Con B
Note: For safety and correct operation it is recommended that earth and battery negative are connected
together. It is also recommended that neutral and earth are connected together either at the genset itself or
at the main switchboard.