4.

With a population of 10,000 children (50% boys and 50% girls, 70% white and 30%
nonwhite, and 57% single-parent family and 43% dual-parent family), what steps would you
use to select a representative sample size of 150?

For Q. 5 through Q. 8: Millie is an ethnographic researcher studying the development of

language in young children from bilingual homes. She studies these children in childcare
settings in which the child’s second language is the language used. She observes the children
as a ‘visitor’ in their classes for the first three months of their emersion in their new school
setting. While there she takes down extensive notes in a notebook as she observes. She also
often records small brief notes to herself on little green sheets that she keeps separate from
her notebook.

1. Given this scenario, Millie is most likely demonstrating which of the following types of
ethnography?

a. Ethnographic case study

2. The extensive notes Millie records in her notebook best represent

a. field notes.

3. In this scenario, Millie can best be categorized as which of the following types of
observer?

a. Passive observer

4. The brief notes that Millie records on the green sheets best represent

a. jottings.

5. Ruth is conducting a case study of typical ways of working in a College Registrar’s

office. Of the following, which is appropriate practice for Ruth as she selects participants
for her study?
a. Ruth should select all workers as participants for her identified case.
b. Ruth should screen potential participants and include only those who can
contribute to her understanding.
c. Ruth should screen potential participants and include those with a strong
perspective.
d. Ruth should allow the administrator in the office to select the participants
given their individual roles in the context.
6. What sampling method is used in EACH of the following situations?

a. The population is divided into similar groups and then participants are randomly
sampled from each group.
Simple random sample

b. The population is divided into groups by geographic areas, then we randomly

sample a subset of areas, and then measure every unit of each sample group.
Stratified sampling

c. Certain kinds of either typical or atypical cases are deliberately chosen.

d. Take a larger proportion of very small homogeneous groupings than larger ones.

7. Examine the following results reported in a quantitative study:

“The scores varied for band members (M=3.5), choir members (M=3.9), and for student
athletes (M=5.4) for attitudes toward engaging in school activities during the 3-5 p.m.
period of time. A comparison of the groups, at an alpha of .05, showed a statistically
significant difference among the three groups, F (3, 8) = 9.87, p = .031, effect size = .91
SD.”

As you examine this statement, you conclude: (place an X in the appropriate column)

NO YES
The null hypothesis was rejected.
The level of significance showed a probability of rejecting
set at 5 out of 100 times.
The statistical test used was a t-test.
The magnitude of differences among the groups was over
one standard deviation.
Band members differed significantly from student athletes in
their attitudes.