Journal of Critical Reviews

ISSN-2394-5125 Vol 7, Issue 7, 2020

ENERGY MANAGEMENT BY USING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES, PIEZO MATERIALS,

SENSORS AND RENEWAL ENERGY SYSTEM IN THE DAILY LIFE: A REVIEW
M. Laxmi Deepak Bhatlu1, Mainak Bhaumik2, K. Sukanya3, Neethujayan4, S. Karthikeyan5
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India. laxmi.d@kahedu.edu.in
2Mechanical Engineering Department. MGM’s CET, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai, India.
3Department of Chemical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India.
4Department of Chemical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India.
5Department of Chemical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India.

Received: 09.02.2020 Revised: 18.03.2020 Accepted: 13.04.2020

Abstract
In the modern technological era there is lot of demand of energy in daily day to day life since from the beginning of the day to night,
continuously. With the increase of people and technological development the energy consumption rate is also increasing drastically. The
proper energy utilization, energy saving and switch to alternate renewal energy is the social responsibility and liability of each individual
person to save guard the world available non renewal energy and global warming. Energy management and optimum energy utilization
can be done by using various materials. Some of the important materials are as lithium-ion batteries to run electronic and mechanical
devices such as laptop battery, mobile battery, camera battery, portable charger, rechargeable batteries, electric car, material handling
devices by using lithium-ion batteries ( such as forklift, robot, drone etc.), trimmer machine, grass cutting machine, refrigeration system
etc. While the piezo electric materials can be use for automatic cut off electric supply system when there is no demand in unmanned area
reason. Renewal energy sources such as solar cell to generate electricity, water heating, car power supply system, solar cooker is also
under research and implementing dynamically in most of the cities and in rural areas to utilize free Solar energy to reduce down power
plant load by one time investment. Wind turbines of vertical as well as horizontal type is also being installed in the cities, in the building
roofs, road divider area, rural available space area is being popularly used with the Government interference and encouragement to use
available free renewal energy resources to maintain clean and green energy management system in the urban as well as rural area.
Keywords: Energy Management, Lithium-Ion Battery, Piezoelectric Material, Solar and Wind Energy.

© 2020 by Advance Scientific Research. This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.07.146

INTRODUCTION
Energy is the utmost driving factor for the human being for being, it is very much necessary to manage the sources and
survival in every stage of life. The devices like, electric bulbs, utilization of energy with proper planning, execution of project
tubes, halogen, fans, air cooler, air conditioning system, electric and proper utilization of energy with the alternative sources of
oven, greaser, immersion rod, tele vision, computer, laptops, energies. This is being illustrated in the Fig. 1 [2].
mobiles, cameras, radio, freeze, wi-fi modem etc. became the
daily needful items for the human beings for survival and to
perform the daily works, comfort and relaxation. All these
devices are run by using electric energy. The electric energy is
being produced by burning coal, natural gas, liquid naptha,
diesel, furnace oil, uranium etc. either in the thermal power
station or in the nuclear power station by using acoustic diesel
generators. These fuels are of non-renewal energy sources. At the
same time for the transportation of vehicles, train, ships, aircraft,
rockets, missiles etc. we utilize mostly as non-renewal energy
source fuel as petrol, diesel, compressed natural gas, cryogenic
fuel etc. The cooking gas stove also uses non-renewal energy
source as kerosene or natural gas cylinder [1]. Mostly we are
using non-renewal energy sources to get solved energy
requirement and demand. The energy is also being stored by
using lead acid batteries or by using lithium ion batteries. Both of
these types of batteries required non-renewal energy source as Fig. 1: Energy management cycle for proper planning,
lead, acid, lithium salt, graphite etc. To solve the energy utilization and implementation of same concept effectively.
requirement and demand, it is very much necessary to manage
and optimum necessary utilization of energy instead of wastage PROBLEM STATEMENT
of energy. Hence energy storage all matters in case of energy In the global present scenario, energy management, sources of
management. It is also advisable to switch much more towards energy, alternative energy sources, and energy storage and
the renewal energy sources like, solar energy, wind energy, tidal smoke free eco-friendly energy sources is the main focus of
energy etc. Also the advanced materials like piezo electric problem and solution for such problems. The basic energy
materials are to be utilized much for the energy management and sources are of renewal and non-renewal type. The current
unnecessary wastage of energy like whenever there is no one at problem with the reduction of non-renewal sources of energy.
home, the automatic light cut off due to the sensing property and Also the non-renewal energy sources are creating emission and
programming of the circuit. Due to increased rate of population, send smoke to the environment which in fact increases the global
technological development for the ease and comfort of human warming and depleting ozone layer. Replacement of non-renewal

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 ENERGY MANAGEMENT BY USING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES, PIEZO MATERIALS, SENSORS AND RENEWAL ENERGY
SYSTEM IN THE DAILY LIFE: A REVIEW

energy sources with the renewal energy source is the prime
focus to have clean and green environment.
The renewal energy like solar energy source to produce
electricity with the aid of solar cell panel is under research and
development to have optimum efficient solar cell panel.
Similarly the wind energy and wind turbines are also getting
popular to generate electricity. The vertical compact and efficient
wind turbines can be installed in the road divider also and by
using the air energy impact the electricity can be generated,
stored by using battery and inverter and can be utilized for street
light and other sector illuminating purpose. The horizontal and
vertical wind turbines can be installed in the rural areas where
there is continuous blowing of air is there. Also in the urban
areas in the multi-storey buildings roof the solar panel as well as
vertical or horizontal wind turbines can be installed to generate
electricity and to store the electricity using batteries and
inverter.
For clean, green and emission free vehicles the existing
automobile vehicles has been replaced by the lithium ion
batteries. The lithium ion batteries are getting charged very
shortly than the lead acid batteries. There are multiple
applications of lithium ion batteries like in laptops, mobiles,
camera, rechargeable cells and in the automobile vehicles. For
the sake of generation of lithium ion batteries the raw materials
of graphite, lithium salt etc. are required which is of again non
renewal type. But as the fossil fuels storage is reducing the other
alternative brine solution lithium salt of renewal type can be
managed to utilize with the much more advanced research of
collection, storage and utilization.
energy requirement point of view also [4]. Now a days for
smokeless and clean environment, it has been decided globally to
switch petrol, diesel and gas engines by the electric engines
operated on electrically charged lithium ion batteries. Based on
the Government policies and planning the implementation and
execution of the ideas is also important for the benefit of
humankind. A continuous online monitoring of the system and
environment is required. Monitoring team to be formed about
the energy generation system methods and the devices involved
to generate energy. Also the team should be able to come up with
ideas of the recycling energy generation and storage devices like
batteries, flue gases etc. Any fault in the system of energy
generation system to be rectified easily without consuming much
more time. The energy management team should be involved for
an internal audit of the energy generation plants, electric
charging stations, solar and wind energy system etc. Also
external auditors or experts can be hired for checking and
auditing of the energy generation system. This energy
management is a continuous process and the energy managing
team should remain updated based on the latest trend of
utilization of electronic devices and gadgets. The optimum
energy utilization with less waste of energy can be managed with
the use of Piezo electric materials for on / off purpose of the
circuit based on application of human body pressure when
entered into the room or getting away from the room [5-6]. The
electronic sensors of advanced one to be developed and installed
for cut off power in the air conditioning system, fridge, dryers,
micro ovens, electric lithium ion batteries charging system,
mobile, laptop, battery bank, rechargeable batteries automatic
power cut off after the full charging is over.

METHODOLOGY
The proper energy management methodology plays an important
role for proper approach and technique. These methodologies
are as starting from-
• Raw material extraction and make easily available at a
reasonable rate.
• The processing of raw materials.
• Production of energy in the industry or in the domestic
household.
• Distribution of energy in proper channel in simple and
easier way.
• Utilization of energy in optimum way without much
more loss of energy.
• Easy and cheaper Maintenance of energy generation
equipments and machines.
• Last but not the least the waste reduction, disposable of Fig. 2: Energy management strategy / methodology
waste or by products and recycling of the waste
product.
The Fig. 2 illustrates the energy management strategy, which
explains about the importance of periodic analysis of energy
efficiency, comparison of best practices, continuous monitoring
system, improvement of strategy planning, material and
transport system improvement with the detailed energy audit
and training and motivation of the employee personnel with the
best working practices with the latest trend of technology [3].
Similarly the Fig. 3 explains about the energy management
methodology starting from the Government policies. It is very
much important to set a methodology and working strategy for
the energy generation system based on the different countries
individual strict or flexible Government policies and world
overall policy about the energy generation rules, regulations,
subsidies, encouragement about the thermal power, nuclear
power energy, solar, wind, alternate energy sources etc.
According to the Government policies the proper planning is also
must for the new plant set up or existing plant revamp and health
check up of the quite old plants. Energy managing strategy is Fig. 3: Energy management methodology
applicable in case of the automobile vehicle system power and

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 ENERGY MANAGEMENT BY USING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES, PIEZO MATERIALS, SENSORS AND RENEWAL ENERGY
SYSTEM IN THE DAILY LIFE: A REVIEW
The energy management gives scientific way of utilization of
energy and the future projection of the energy utilization and
implementation technique. By 2050 there is chance of 100 %
energy generation from the renewal energy sources with the
effort of global 139 countries [6]. The future trend of projection
of battery as energy storage device and energy management has
been illustrated in the Fig. 4. It has been observed that the
Fig. 4: Future projection of battery as energy storage and energy management system
CONCLUSION
A conclusion can be drawn based on the available trend of
utilization of renewal energy sources, lithium ion batteries, piezo
electric materials and sensors being used in most of the field of
energy driven utilities. Due to government policies of clean,
green and pollution free environment, the energy storage and
energy management is being motivated towards to utilize much
renewable energy sources especially solar energy and wind
energy, lithium ion batteries and advance batteries as energy
storage device in the field of electronic gadgets power provision
system and in the automobile vehicles and other transportation
mode system, like in marine sector and aviation sector. The
studies, research and implementation of energy management
system is becoming popular for optimum energy generation and
utilization of energy system. The best engineering working
practices, inspection and audit being carried starting from the
raw materials section, in between production section, final
energy generation section and the recycling of the energy storage
devices and by products generated during energy generation
system.
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