ANSWERS

A. ULLUSTRATIONS OF QUADRATIC QUATIONS

ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 3

1. Quadratic 1. 2x² - 4 – 2x = 0 1. x²-3x + 2 = 0

2. Not Quadratic 2. x² + 11x - 12 = 0 2. x²-9x + 6 = 0
3. Not Quadratic 3. −6x² +15x+36=0 3. x²-12x + 35 = 0
4. Quadratic 4. x² +4x +81 = 0 4. 10x²+ 3x - 100 = 0
5. x²+2x + 8 = 0 5. 5t2 - 8t -21 = 0
5. Not Quadratic
6. Not Quadratic 6. 6 x² −30x−36=0
7. Quadratic 7. + 15x + 36 = -6x²
8. x² + 1x - 6 = 0
8. Quadratic
9. 2x2 + 2x - 24 = 0
9. Quadratic
10. x 2−27 x +50=0
10. Quadratic

B. SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

B. I EXTRACTING SQUARE ROOT
Activity No 1. Solve by factoring Activity No 2. Solve by extracting the roots.
and then solve by extracting roots.

1. ±9 11. (x± 2) 21. ±7

2. ±1 12. ± 2 √ 6 22. ± 5 √ 37
1.  4, - 4 3. ± √19 13. ± i 23. ± 2 √2
2. 6, - 6 14. ± 10i
4. ± 2 √29 24. ± 3 √2
−1 1
, 5. ± 2 √3 1 25. ± 2 √2 i
3.

4.
3 3
−5 5
,
6. ± 3 √2
3
15. ±
5
5
√ 26. ± 5 √5 i
2
5.
2 2
1,3
7. ±

8. ±
4
5
16. ±
6
√
√2
27. ±
√
5
1
6.

7.
-3 ,1
1 7
,
2
1
17. ±i
4
28. ±
√
3

8.
2 2
−1 5
3
,−
3
9. ±
√ 2
12
18. ±i √
± 2i
15
6
29. -5, -9
30. -15, -15

9.
10.
10, 0
4, 0
10. ±
√ 3
19.
20. ±i
B.II FACTORING

Activity No. 1. SOLVE THE QUADRATIC EQUATION BELOW

USING FACTORING METHOD
1) 6, 3 11) 7, 4
2) -1, -4 12) -7, -8
3) ±8 −7
13) , -3
4) 0, -5 3
−1 −3 −5
5) , 14) 6,
5 7 8
2 −2 15) -7
6) ,
5 3 16) 2, 0
−4 −7
7) 6, 17) 2,
7 2
7 −7
8) , -7 18) ,-7
3 3
9) 7, -1 3
19) 2,
10) 4, 3 5
−4
20) , -4
3

B.III COMPLETING THE SQUARE

ACTIVITY 1

1) −7 ± √ 87
2) −3 ± 2 √ 17
3) 3 ,−17
4) 11, 1
5) −2 ,−4
6) 3 ,−1
7) 1 ,−15
8) 6 ± √ 13
9) 2 ± √ 102
10) 5 ± √ 7
11) 2 ± √ 2 i
12) ) −1 ± √ 19 i

B. IV QUADRATIC FORMULA

ACTIVITY 1

1) 7 ,−2
2)2
3) 2, -3
5
4) ,−1
2
5) −1 ,−3
5
6) ,−4
2
−1 3
7) ,−
2 2
7 ± √ 73
8)
4
−5
9) 4,
2
 10) 1 ,−3
−7
11) -4,
2
12)± 4

C. NATURE OF ROOTS QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Solutions
Problem 1 :
Examine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equation.
x2 + 5x + 6  =  0
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  1, b  =  5 and c  =  6.
Find the value of the discriminant b2 - 4ac. 
b2 - 4ac  =  52 - 4(1)(6)
b2 - 4ac  =  25 - 24
b2 - 4ac  =  1 
2
Here, b  - 4ac > 0 and also a perfect square. 
So, the roots are real, unequal and rational.  
Problem 2 :
Examine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equation.
2x2 - 3x - 1  =  0 
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  2, b  =  -3 and c  =  -1.
Find the value of the discriminant b2 - 4ac. 
b2 - 4ac  =  (-3)2 - 4(2)(-1)
b2 - 4ac  =  9 + 8
b2 - 4ac  =  17 
2
Here, b  - 4ac > 0, but not a perfect square. 
So, the roots are real, unequal and irrational.  
Problem 3 :
Examine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equation.
x2 - 16x + 64  =  0
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  1, b  =  -16 and c  =  64.
Find the value of the discriminant b2 - 4ac. 
b2 - 4ac  =  (-16)2 - 4(1)(64)
b2 - 4ac  =  256 - 256
b2 - 4ac  =  0 
So, the roots are real, equal and rational.  
Problem 4 :
Examine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equation.
3x2 + 5x + 8  =  0
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  3, b  =  5 and c  =  8.
Find the value of the discriminant b2 - 4ac. 
b2 - 4ac  =  52 - 4(3)(8)
b2 - 4ac  =  25 + 96
b2 - 4ac  =  121 
2
Here, b  - 4ac > 0 and also a perfect square. 
So, the roots are real, unequal and rational.  
Problem 5 :
If the roots of the equation 2x2 + 8x - m³ = 0 are equal, then find the value of m. 
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
3
Then, we have a  =  2, b  =  8 and c  =  -m .
Because the roots of the given equation are equal, 
 b2 - 4ac  =  0
8  - 4(2)(-m3)  =  0
2

64 + 8m3  =  0
Subtract 64 from each side.
8m3  =  -64
Divide each side by 8.
m3  =  -8
m3  =  (-2)3
m  =  -2.
So, the value of m is -2.
Problem 6 :
If the roots of the equation x2 - (p + 4)x + 2p + 5  =  0 are equal, then find the value of p. 
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  1, b  =  -(p + 4) and c  =  (2p + 5).
Because the roots of the given equation are equal, 
b2 - 4ac  =  0
[-(p + 4)]2 - 4(1)(2p + 5)  =  0
Simplify.
(p + 4)2 - 4(2p + 5)  =  0
p2 + 8p + 16 -8p -20  =  0
p2 - 4  =  0
p2 - 22  =  0
(p + 2)(p - 2)  =  0
p + 2  =  0     or     p - 2  =  0
p  =  -2     or     p  =  2
So, the value of p is ±2.
Problem 7 :
If the roots of the equation x2 + (2s - 1)x + s2  =  0 are real, then find the value of a. 
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
2
Then, we have a  =  1, b  =  (2s - 1) and c  =  s .
Because the roots of the given equation are equal, 
b2 - 4ac  ≥  0
(2s - 1)2 - 4(1)(s2)  ≥  0
Simplify.
4s2 - 4s + 1 - 4s2  ≥  0
-4s + 1  ≥  0
-4s  ≥  -1
Divide each side by -4. 
s  ≤  1/4
So, the value of s is less than or equal to 1/4. 
Note : 
Whenever we multiply or divide both sides of an inequality by a negative number, we have to flip the inequality
sign. 
Problem 8 :
If the roots of the equation x2 - 16x + k  =  0 are real and equal, then find the value of k.
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is in the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  1, b  =  -16 and c  =  k.
Because the roots of the given equation are equal, 
b2 - 4ac  =  0
(-16)2 - 4(1)(k)  =  0
256 - 4k  =  0
Subtract 256 from each side. 
-4k  =  -256
Divide each side by -4.
k  =  64
So, the value of k is 64. 
Problem 9 :
Examine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equation.
x2 - 5x  =  2(5x + 1)
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is not in the general form.
First, write the given quadratic equation in the general form. 
x2 - 5x  =  2(5x + 1)
x2 - 5x  =  10x + 2
 x2 - 15x - 2  =  0
Now, the quadratic equation is the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  1, b  =  -15 and c  =  -2.
Find the value of the discriminant b2 - 4ac. 
b2 - 4ac  =  (-15)2 - 4(1)(-2)
b2 - 4ac  =  225 + 8
b2 - 4ac  =  233 
Here, b2 - 4ac > 0, but not a perfect square. 
So, the roots are real, unequal and irrational.  
Problem 10 : 
Examine the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equation.
1/(x+1)  +  2/(x-4)  =  2
Solution :
The given quadratic equation is not in the general form.
First, write the given quadratic equation in the general form. 
1/(x+1)  +  2/(x-4)  =  2
Add the two fractions on the right side of the equation using cross multiplication. 
[(x-4) + 2(x+1)] / [(x+1)(x-4)]  =  2
(x - 4 + 2x + 2) / (x2 - 3x - 4)  =  2
(3x - 2) / (x2 - 3x - 4)  =  2
2
Multiply each side by (x  - 3x - 4). 
3x - 2  =  2(x2 - 3x - 4)
3x - 2  =  2x2 - 6x - 8
2x2 - 9x - 6  =  0
Now, the quadratic equation is the general form
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
Then, we have a  =  2, b  =  -9 and c  =  -6.
Find the value of the discriminant b2 - 4ac. 
b2 - 4ac  =  (-9)2 - 4(2)(-6)
b2 - 4ac  =  81 + 48
b2 - 4ac  =  129
Here, b2 - 4ac > 0, but not a perfect square. 
So, the roots are real, unequal and irrational.  
D. SUM AND PRODUCT OF ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Problem 1 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below.
x2 - 5x + 6  =  0
Solution :
Comparing
x2 - 5x + 6  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  1, b  =  -5 and c  =  6
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  -(-5)/1  =  5
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  6/1  =  6
Problem 2 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below.
x2 - 6  =  0
Solution :
Comparing
x2 - 6  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  1, b  =  0 and c  =  -6
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  0/1  =  0
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  -6/1  =  -6
Problem 3 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below. 
3x2 + x + 1  =  0
Solution :
Comparing
3x2 + x + 1  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  3, b  =  1 and c  =  1
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  -1/3
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  1/3
Problem 4 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below.
3x2 + 7x  =  2x - 5
Solution :
First write the given quadratic equation in standard form.
3x2 +7x  =  2x - 5
3x2 + 5x + 5  =  0
Comparing
3x2 + 5x + 5  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  3, b  =  5 and c  =  5
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  -5/3
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  5/3
Problem 5 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below.
3x2 -7x + 6  =  6
Solution :
First write the given quadratic equation in standard form.
3x2 -7x + 6  =  6
3x2 - 7x  =  0
Comparing
3x2 - 7x  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  3, b  =  -7 and c  =  0
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  -(-7)/3  =  7/3
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  0/3  =  0
Problem 6 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below.
x2 + 5x + 1  =  3x2 + 6
Solution :
First write the given quadratic equation in standard form.
x2 + 5x + 1  =  3x² + 6
0  =  2x2 - 5x + 5
2x2 - 5x + 5  =  0
Comparing
2x2 - 5x + 5  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  2, b  =  -5 and c  =  5
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  -(-5)/3  =  5/2
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  5/2
Problem 7 :
If the product of roots of the quadratic equation given below is 4, then find the value of m.
2x2 + 8x - m3  =  0 
Solution :
Comparing
2x2 + 8x - m3  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  2, b  =  8 and c  =  -m3
Given : Product of the roots is 4.
Then,
c/a  =  4
-m3/2  =  4
Multiply each side by (-2). 
m3  =  -8
m3  =  (-2)3
m  =  -2
Problem 8 :
If the sum of roots of the quadratic equation given below is 0, then find the value of p.  
x2 -(p + 4)x + 5  =  0
Solution :
Comparing
x2 -(p + 4)x + 5  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  1, b  =  -(p + 4) and c  =  5
Given : Sum of the roots is 0.
Then,
-b/a  =  0
-[-(p + 4)]  =  0
(p + 4)  =  0
p + 4  =  0
p  =  -4
Problem 9 :
If the product of roots of the quadratic equation given below is 1, then find the value of m.
x2 + (2p - 1)x + p2  =  0
Solution :
Comparing
 x2 + (2p - 1)x + p2  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  1, b  =  (2p - 1) and c  =  p2
Given : Product of the roots is 1.
Then,
c/a  =  1
p2/1  =  1
p2  =  1
Take square root on both sides. 
√p2  =  √1
 p  =  ±1
Problem 10 :
Find the sum and product of roots of the quadratic equation given below.
1/(x+1)  +  2/(x-4)  =  2
Solution :
First write the given quadratic equation in standard form.
1/(x+1)  +  2/(x-4)  =  2
[1(x-4) + 2(x+1)] / [(x+1)(x-4)]  =  2
1(x-4) + 2(x+1)  =  2(x+1)(x-4)
x - 4 + 2x + 2  =  2(x2 - 4x + x - 4)
3x - 2  =  2(x2 - 3x - 4)
3x - 2  =  2x2 - 6x - 8
0  =  2x2 - 9x - 6
2x2 - 9x - 6  =  0
Comparing
2x2 - 9x - 6  =  0
and 
ax2 + bx + c  =  0
we get
a  =  2, b  =  -9 and c  =  -6
Therefore, 
Sum of the roots  =  -b/a  =  -(-9)/2  =  9/2
Product of the roots  =  c/a  =  -6/2  =  -3
A. APPLICATIONS OF QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC
EQUATIONS
1. 2(7.3255)−1=13.651m2(7.3255)−1=13.651m .
2. This means that Car A (i.e. the one traveling at 40 mph) travels for
8.871 hours while Car B (i.e. the one traveling at 60 mph) travels for
5.871 hours (three hours less than Car A time!)
3. This means that Person A can paint the house in 27.0357 hours while
Person B can paint the house in 29.0357 hours (two hours more than
Person A).