Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

The Islamic University of Gaza Civil Engineering Department

Advanced sanitary Engineering Instructor :Dr.Fahid Rabah.
( ECIV 5324) First Semester(2006-2007)
Allowable Time: 2 hours: 30 min Final Exam

Advanced sanitary Engineering

Answer the following questions

FINAL EXAM - OPEN BOOK

Student Name ID No.

Question No. Given Mark Notes Max. Mark

Total 100

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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

Solve the following problems:

1. An oxidation ditch (OD) is used to treat wastewater and operated at the following
conditions:
F/M= 0.10 mg-BOD5/ mgVSS.d, Y= 0.5 mgVSS/mg-BOD5, kd = 0.05 d-1, soluble BOD5
in the influent (So) = 400 mg- BOD5/L, SVI =80 ml/g, θ = 24 hrs, Ks =25 mg- BOD5/L,
μm= 2.5 d-1
A) If the oxidation ditch is operated at zero sludge production (i.e. θc = ∞):
i) Calculate the effluent BOD5 (S)? Is it possible to achieve this value of (S)?
ii) Calculate the recycle ratio (R).
iii) If the oxygen requirement is found to be 4000 kgO2/d, what is the influent
wastewater flow to the oxidation ditch (Q0)?

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B) If the above oxidation ditch is operated at θc = 20 days, with the same biomass
concentration and the same Q0 found in (A):
i) Calculate the effluent BOD5 (S).
ii) Calculate the sludge production (Kg/d), and the sludge wasting rate (Qw).

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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

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2. An aerated lagoon (AL) is used to treat wastewater and operated at the following
conditions:
Surface area = 10000 m2, Depth = 2 m, Q0 = 6000 m3/d, soluble BOD5 in the influent
(So) = 350 mg- BOD5/L.
Bacteria parameters: [Y= 0.5 mgVSS/mg-BOD5, kd = 0.05 d-1, μm= 0.5 d-1, Ks = 20 mg-
BOD5/L].
A) find the following:
i) The hydraulic detention time in the AL.
ii) The effluent BOD5 (S) and the biomass concentration (X) in the AL.
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B) If the AL is to be replaced by a completely mixed activated sludge reactor (CMF),
find the following:
i) The sludge detention time (θc) of the CMF that will produce he same
effluent BOD5 (S).
ii) what is the volume of this CMF if its biomass concentration (X)= 3000
mgVSS/L? compare and comment between this volume and the AL
volume.
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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

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3. Gravity thickeners are to be designed to treat primary sludge only.

i) Calculate the amount f the primary sludge in (m3/d) given the following information:
- Qin = 40000 m3/d , flow interring the primary sedimentation tank (PST).
- D = 35 m , diameter of the (PST).
- SS = 500 mg/L ( Suspended solids interring the (PST).
- E = 85 - 0.82 (O/F) + 0.003( O/F)2 ,efficiency in (% ) of solids removal in the PST.
- S= 7%, dry solids in the primary sludge, ρsl = 1100 kg/m3, density of primary
sludge.

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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

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(3) ‫ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﺴﺆال رﻗﻢ‬
ii) Design the gravity thickeners given the following information:
• The solids loading rate (LS) to each thickener = 100 Kg/m2.d.
• The maximum thickener diameter is = 20 m.
• For sludge leaving the thickener S= 9%, ρsl = 1150 Kg/m3.
Required:
a. Find the number of the thickeners needed and the diameter of each thickener.
b. Calculate the water flow rate removed from sludge and the percent reduction of sludge
volume.
c. Draw the mass and flow balance diagram for one thickener and fill in the required
information.

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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

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4. One anaerobic sludge digesters is used to treat thickened sludge.

The following data is given:
• Sludge interring the digesters has the following characteristics:
Q = 150 m3/d , S = 8% , M = 6000 Kg/d, specific gravity = 1.15.
• Sludge leaving the digesters has the following characteristics:
Q = 150 m3/d , specific gravity = 1.05.
• Digester diameter = 15 m, Side wall Height =13m
Required :
a. Calculate the mass of solids removed by the digester (i.e. converted to gases).
b. Calculate the solids concentration in the effluent of the digester (i.e. X in Kg/m3).
c. What is the volume of the gas storage tank if the gas is to be collected at 1.5
atmospheric pressure?
d. Draw the mass and flow balance diagram for one digester and fill in the required
information.

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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

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5. Use the biomass balance concept to derive an equation for the hydraulic detention time
(θ) at steady state for a completely mixed reactor without solids recycle assuming that
the influent solids concentration (X0) ≠ 0.0.

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 Advanced sanitary Engineering Final Exam

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