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Problem 2 7.The portion of the Notes payable – bank to be reported under current
You were able to obtain the following from the accountant for Maverics liabilities as of December 31, 2010 is
Corp. Related to the company’s liability as of December 31, 2010. a. P 300,000 b. 500,000 c.800,000 d. 0
15. The primary audit test to determine if accounts payable are valued 6. Which of the following can be considered as a feature of a void
properly is contract?
a. Confirmation of accounts payable a. Subject to ratification
b. Vouching accounts payable to supporting documentation b. It exists
c. An analytical procedure c. Action or defense of nullity is subject to prescription
d. Verification that accounts payable was reported as a current liability d. Novation cannot apply
in the balance sheet.
7. D entered into a contract of mortgage with X, T, the clerk of L, typed
BUSINESS LAW AND TAXATION the document. Due to T’s negligence, the document made was that
of sale instead of a mortgage.
1. The following are the requisites of an obligation, except:
a. The remedy is annulment
a. Passive subject, debtor or obligor
b. Parties may go to court for interpretation
b. Active subject, creditor or oblige
c. Parties may enforce their right because it is enforceable
c. Efficient cause
d. Reformation of instrument is proper
d. Presentation
8. There persons bound by contracts, except:
2. Obligations may arise from any of the following, except: a. Third persons
a. Contracts b. Assigns
b. Quasi-contracts c. Heirs
c. Law d. Parties
d. Negligence
9. Liable for the loss of the subject matter by a fortuitous event.
3. It is the voluntary administration of the property of another without a. Creditor
his consent. b. Debtor
a. Negotiorum gestio c. Both creditor and debtor
b. Solutio indebiti d. None of them
c. Quasi-delict
d. Contract 10. S offers to sell his house to B for P100,000. B asks him if he would
4. It is a wrong committed without any pre-existing relations between accept P80,000. Which of the following is correct?
the parties. a. Because of ambiguity, both offers are terminated by operation of law.
a. Natural obligation b. B’s response is a counter-offer effectively terminating the P100,000
b. Quasi-delict offer and instigating an offer for P80,000.
c. Quasi-contract c. B’s response is a rejection of the P100,000 offer, and there is no offer
d. Culpa contractual for P80,000 because it is too indefinite to be an offer
d. B’s response is a mere inquiry, the P100,000 offer by S is still in Example 2 – S sold orally to B his land. After B paid S the price he wants
force. to register the land in his name but he needed a public instrument of
sale. In here, B may compel S to execute the needed public
11. Example no. 1: G, guardian of W, sold W’s house valued P50,000 instrument.
for P37,500 or a lesion by ¼ of the value. a. Both examples are false
Example no. 2: S sold his house valued P50,000 for only P10,000 b. Only the first is true
because S did not know the true value of the house. c. Only the second is true
a. Both contracts are rescissible. d. Both of the examples are true
b. Only no. 1 is rescissible
c. No. 2 is voidable because there is an error or mistake. MANAGEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
d. Both contracts are valid and enforceable. 1. The following characterize management advisory services except
A. involve decision for the future
12. B Company bought out a competitor. C Corporation, with a B. broader in scope and varied in nature
stipulation that C Corporation should not thereafter engage in any C. utilize more junior staff than senior members of the firm
business in the Philippines unless consented to and approved by B D. relate to specific problems where expert help is required
Company.
a. The stipulation is defective but subject to ratification. 2. Total production costs for Carera, Inc. are budgeted at P230,000 for
b. The stipulation is valid because the parties are free to enter into any 50,000 units of budgeted output and P280,000 for 60,000 units of
stipulation, terms and conditions such as this one. budgeted output. Because of the need for additional facilities,
c. The stipulation is unenforceable as there was no showing that the budgeted fixed costs for 60,000 units are 25% more than budgeted
sale was done in writing. fixed costs for P50,000 units. How much is Carera’s budgeted variable
d. The stipulation is void because it is contrary to public policy. cost per unit of output?
A. P1.60 C. P3.00
13. Which of the following is not valid? B. P1.67 D. P5.00
a. Mutual promise to marry entered into orally
b. Sale of immovable property orally entered into. 3. Short-term creditors are usually most interested in assessing
c. One of the parties in a contract is incapable of giving consent a. solvency. b. liquidity.
d. Mortgagor of an immovable cannot alienate it without the c. marketability. d. profitability.
mortgagee’s consent.
4. Long-term creditors are usually most interested in evaluating
14. D forced C to execute a promissory note. a. liquidity. b. marketability.
a. Contract is resistible because the contract is fraudulent c. profitability. d. solvency.
b. The contract is void
c. C cannot demand payment from D because the contract is 5. Stockholders are most interested in evaluating:
unenforceable a. liquidity. b. solvency.
d. Contract remains valid c. profitability. d. marketability.
15. Example 1 – S sold to B in private instrument his land. Later, B 6. Madel Company manufactures a single electronic product called
wanted to have the sale registered, but registration requires a public Walastik. Walastik sells for P900 per unit. In 2000, the following
instrument: in here, B may compel S to execute the needed public variable costs were incurred to produce each Walastik device.
instrument. Direct labor P180
Direct materials 240
Factory overhead 105 c. A reduction in net income by P38,350.
Selling costs 75 d. A reduction in net income by P35,400.
Total variable costs P600 Use the following information for questions 9-10.
Terry Corporation had a net income of $200,000 and paid dividends to
Madel is subject to a 40 percent income tax rate, and annual fixed costs common stockholders of $40,000 in 2002. The weighted average
are P6,600,000. Except for an operating loss incurred in the year of number of shares outstanding in 2002 was 50,000 shares. Terry
incorporation, the firm has been profitable over the last five years. Corporation's common stock is selling for $60 per share on the New
In 2001, a significant change in Madel’s production technology caused York Stock Exchange.
a 10% increase in annual fixed costs and a 20% unit cost increase in
the direct labor component as a result of higher-skilled direct labor. 9. Terry Corporation's price-earnings ratio is
However, this change permitted the replacement of a costly imported a. 3.8 times. b. 15 times.
component with a local component. The effect was to reduce unit c. 18.8 times. d. 6 times.
material costs by 25%. There has been no change in the Walastik
selling price. 10. Terry Corporation's payout ratio for 2002 is
The annual sales units required for Madel to breakeven are: a. $4 per share. b. 25%.
c. 20%. d. 12.5%.
A. B. C. D.
2000 22,000 22,000 14,00 14,000 11. Phranklin Pharms Inc. purchases merchandise from a company that
0 gives sales terms of 2/15, net 40. Phranklin Pharms has gross
2001 20,840 22,407 22,40 20,840 purchases of $800,000 per year. What is the maximum amount of
7
costly trade credit Phranklin could get, assuming they abide by the
7. Derby Co. uses a standard costing system in connection with the supplier’s credit terms? (Assume a 360-day year.)
manufacture of a line of T-shirts. Each unit of finished product contains a. $87,111.20 b. $32,666.70
2 yards of direct material. However, a 20 percent direct material c. $54,444.50 d. $52,266.67
spoilage calculated on input quantities occurs during the manufacturing
process. The cost of direct materials is P120 per yard. 12. Crest Co. has the opportunity to increase annual sales by P1 million
The standard direct material cost per unit of finished product is by selling to new riskier customers. It has been estimated that
A. P192 C. P288 uncollectible expenses would be 15% and collection costs 5%. The
B. P240 D. P300 manufacturing and selling costs are 70% of sales and corporate tax
is 35%. If it pursues this opportunity, the after-tax profit will
8. Wasting Resource Co. has annual credit sales of P4 million. Its a. Increase by P35,000. c. Increase by
average collection period is 40 days and bad debts are 5% of sales. The P65,000.
credit and collection manager is considering instituting a stricter b. Increase by P97,500. d. Remain the
collection policy, whereby bad debts would be reduced to 2% of total same.
sales, and the average collection period would fall to 30 days. However,
sales would also fall by an estimated P500,000 annually. Variable costs 13. A firm currently sells $500,000 annually with 3% bad debt losses.
are 60% of sales and the cost of carrying receivables is 12%. Assuming Two alternative policies are available. Policy A would increase sales by
a tax rate of 35% and 360 days a year, the incremental change in the $500,000, but bad debt losses on additional sales would be 8%. Policy
profitability of the company, if the stricter policy would be implemented, B would increase sales by an additional $120,000 over Policy A and bad
would be debt losses on the additional $120,000 of sales would be 15%. The
a. Zero as the positive and negative effects offset each other. average collection period will remain at 60 days (6 turns per year) no
b. A reduction in net income by P70,000. matter the decision made. The profit margin will be 20% of sales and no
other expenses will increase. Assume an opportunity cost of 20%. What
should the firm do? Differences between cost and market value are considered temporary.
A. Make no policy change. The income statement for 2005 should report an unrealized gain on
B. Change to only Policy A. these securities at
C. Change to Policy B (means also taking Policy A first). a. 1,500,000 b. 1,000,000
D. All policies lead to the same total firm profit, thus all policies are equal. c. 500,000 d. 0
14. The NPV and IRR methods give 3. Data regarding Lamut Company’s available for sale securities follow:
A. the same decision (accept or reject) for any single investment Cost Market
B. the same choice from among mutually exclusive investments December 31, 2004 10,000,000 8,500,000
C. different rankings of projects with unequal lives December 31, 2005 10,000,000 11,000,000
D. the same rankings of projects with different required investments
Differences between cost and market value are considered temporary.
15. What is the proper preparation sequencing of the following budgets? The 2005 statement of stockholders’ equity should report an
unrealized gain on these securities at
1. Budgeted Balance Sheet
a. 2,500,000
2. Sales Budget
b. 1,000,000
3. Selling and Administrative Budget
c. 1,500,000
4. Budgeted Income Statement
d. 0
a. 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 2, 3, 1, 4
c. 2, 3, 4, 1 d. 2, 4, 1, 3
4. Hungduan Company had acquired investments in available for sale
securities for P15,000,000 on January 1, 2004. On December 31,
P1 2005, Hungduan decided to reclassify the available for sale securities
as trading securities. The market value of the securities was
1. Mankayan Company uses the first-in, first-out retail method of P13,000,000 on December 31, 2004, and P12,000,000 on December
inventory valuation. The following information is available: 31, 2005. In its 2005 income statement, Hungduan should report
unrealized loss on the transfer of AFS securities at
Cost Retail a. 2,000,000 b. 3,000,000
Beginning inventory P 2,500,000 4,000,000 c. 1,000,000 d. 0
Purchases 13,500,000 16,000,000
Net markups 3,000,000 5. Hingyon Company had investments in marketable debt securities
Net markdowns 1,000,000 costing P10,000,000 which were acquired on January 1, 2004, and
Sales 15,000,000 classified as “available for sale”. On December 31, 2005, the
company decided to hold the investments to maturity and accordingly
What would be the estimated cost of the ending inventory? reclassified them as “held to maturity” on that date. The investments’
a. P7,000,000 c. P5,110,000 market value was P9,000,000 at December 31, 2004, and
b. P5,250,000 d. P4,750,000 P7,500,000 on December 31, 2005. What amount should Hingyon
Company report as unrealized loss on these securities in its 2005
2. Data regarding Kiangan Company’s trading securities follow: statement of stockholders’ equity?
Cost Market a. 2,500,000 b. 1,000,000
December 31, 2004 10,000,000 8,500,000 c. 1,500,000 d. 0
December 31, 2005 10,000,000 9,500,000
6. On December 31, 2004, Mayayao Company purchased trading ● On December 1, 2005, Vigan received from Z Company a dividend in
securities. Pertinent data on December 31, 2005 are as follows: kind of one share of V Company common stock for every 5 Z
Security Cost Market value Company common shares held. Vigan holds 200,000 Z Company
X 4,000,000 3,500,000 shares which have a market price of P50 per share on December 1,
Y 6,000,000 7,500,000 2005. The market price of V Company common is P30 per share.
Z 8,000,000 6,000,000 What amount should Vigan report as dividend income in its 2005 income
statement?
On December 31, 2005, Mayayao reclassified its investment in security a. 6,200,000 b. 4,200,000
Z from trading to available for sale. What amount of unrealized loss c. 3,000,000 d. 5,000,000
on the transfer of trading securities should be shown in the 2004
income statement?
a. 2,000,000 9. Caoayan Company owns 1,000,000 shares of Suyo Company’s
b. 1,000,000 5,000,000 shares of P50 par, 10% cumulative, nonparticipating
c. 3,000,000 preferred stock and 500,000 shares (2%) of Suyo’s common stock.
d. 0 During 2005 Suyo declared and paid dividends of P40,000,000 on
preferred stock. No dividends had been declared or paid during 2004.
7. Ilocos Company received dividends from its common stock In addition, Caoayan received a 15% common stock dividend from
investments during the year 2005 as follows: Suyo when the quoted market price of common stock was P100.
● A stock dividend of 20,000 shares from A Company when the market What amount should Caoayan report as dividend income in its 2005
price of A’s shares was P30 per share. income statement?
● A cash dividend of P2,000,000 from B Company in which Ilocos owns a. 15,500,000 b. 20,000,000
a 20% interest. c. 10,000,000 d. 8,000,000
● A cash dividend of P1,500,000 from C Company in which Ilocos owns
a 10% interest. 10. On January 2, 2005, Narvacan Company acquired 100,000 shares
● 10,000 shares of common stock of D Company in lieu of cash of ABC Company common stock for a total consideration of
dividend of P20 per share. The market price of D Company’s shares P6,000,000. On October 1, 2005, Narvacan received from ABC a
was P180. Ilocos holds originally 100,000 shares of D Company preferred stock dividend of one share for every 10 common shares
common stock. Ilocos owns a 5% interest in D Company. held. On this date, the market price of ABC common is P75 per share
What amount of dividend revenue should Ilocos report in its 2005 and the ABC preferred, P50 per share. Narvacan Company should
income statement? report its investment in ABC Company preferred stock at
a. 3,300,000 a. 500,000 b. 750,000
b. 5,300,000 c. 375,000 d. 0
c. 3,500,000
d. 2,500,000 11. Candon Company owns 100,000 shares of the outstanding common
stock of Bantay Company which has several hundred thousand
8. Data pertaining to dividends from Vigan Company’s common stock shares publicly traded. These 100,000 shares were purchased in
investments for the year 2005 follow: 2002 for P100 per share. On December 1, 2005, Bantay Company
● On October 1, 2005, Vigan received P2,000,000 liquidating dividend distributed 100,000 rights to Candon. Candon was entitled to buy
from X Company. Vigan owns a 5% interest in X Company. one new share of Bantay common stock for P100 and five of these
● Vigan owns a 10% interest in Y Company which declared a rights. On December 1, 2005, each share of stock had a market value
P30,000,000 cash dividend on November 15, 2005, to stockholders of P135 ex-right and each right had market value of P15. On
of record on December 15, 2005, payable on January 15, 2006. December 31, 2005, Candon exercised all rights. What cost should
be recorded for each new share that Candon acquired by exercising 2004 2005
the rights? Net income 6,000,000 7,000,000
a. 150 b. 100 Cash dividend paid None 15,000,000
c. 135 d. 15
In its income statement for the year ended December 31, 2005, how
12. Tagudin Company invested in stocks of Kaunlaran Company as much should Laoag report as income from this investment?
follows:
2003 50,000 shares at P80 4,000,000 a. 2,250,000 b. 1,950,000
2004 100,000 shares at P70 7,000,000 c. 700,000 d. 600,000
6. Parent Corporation owns 90 percent of Subsidiary 1 Company's 10. On September 30, 2008, Wilfred Company sold inventory to
stock and 75 percent of Subsidiary 2 Company's stock. During Jackson Corporation, its Canadian subsidiary. The goods cost
2008, Parent sold inventory purchased in 2007 for $48,000 to Wilfred $30,000 and were sold to Jackson for $40,000, payable in
Canadian dollars. The goods are still on hand at the end of the year acquisition, Princeton held land with a book value of $150,000 and
on December 31. The Canadian dollar (C$) is the functional a fair value of $300,000; Sheffield held land with a book value of
currency of the Canadian subsidiary. The exchange rates follow: $100,000 and fair value of $500,000. Using the entity theory, at
what amount would land be reported in a consolidated balance
sheet prepared immediately after the combination?
A. $650,00 B. $500,000
C. $550,00 D. $375,000
Based on the preceding information, at what dollar amount is the 14. If Push Company owned 51 percent of the outstanding common
ending inventory shown in the trial balance of the consolidated stock of Shove Company, which reporting method would be
working paper? appropriate?
A. $45,000 B. $50,000 A. Cost method
C. $40,000 D. $35,000 B. Consolidation
C. Equity method
11. Wakefield Company uses a perpetual inventory system. In D. Merger method
August, it sold 2,000 units from its LIFO-base inventory, which had
originally cost $35 per unit. The replacement cost is expected to be 15. Goodwill under the parent theory:
$45 per unit. The company is planning to reduce its inventory and A. exceeds goodwill under the proprietary theory.
expects to replace only 1,500 of these units by December 31, the B. exceeds goodwill under the entity theory.
end of its fiscal year. The company replaced 1,500 units in C. is less than goodwill under the entity theory.
November at an actual cost of $50 per unit. D. is less than goodwill under the proprietary theory.