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Mechanics
Resultant Forces
Eg. Two forces act on this particle in the same plane, but at 90⁰ to each other.
5N
24 N 14 N
12 N 5N
10 N
R = 26N (22.62° from vertical) R = 18.44N (40.60° from 14N force) R = 7.07N (45°)
The forces may not all act at 90⁰ to each other, but may act at other angles in the
same plane.
Eg. Two forces below both act on a particle 120⁰ apart from each other. Find the
resultant force.
15 N
60⁰
10 N
10 N
θ
R
120⁰
15 N
R 2 152 102 2 15 10 cos60
102 R 2 152
cos
2 10 R
R = 13.23N, 79.11⁰ (from vertical) cos 0.18898
79.11
Eg. Find the resultant forces for each of these systems of forces, giving the angle
from the dashed line:
30⁰
81 N 35 N
9N
70⁰
50⁰ 45⁰
130⁰
95 N 15 N
7N
40 N 98 N
Y Y
30° X = 34.6N 34° X = 81.2N
Y = 20 N Y = 54.8N
X X
45 N
Y X
18°
28°
Y X
3.8 N
X = 21.1N X = 1.2N
Y = 39.7N Y = 3.6N
Find the components of the resultant force parallel to X and Y.
y y
25 N
10 N
60°
40°
x x
y y
8°
x x
30 N 10 N
50° 23.0N (parallel to x) -9.9N (parallel to x)
-19.3N (parallel to y) -1.4N (parallel to y)
Important notes from this session:
A resultant force is the single force that has the same effect as the existing system of forces.
Component forces are perpendicular forces that have the same effect as the resultant force.