TORDILLO ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER MECHANICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW PRESSURE VESSELS

PRESSURE VESSELS (Lecture Notes) Determine the hoop stress at the inner and outer surface of from 690 kPa to 3450 kPa, continuously. Find the required 10. From the above problem determine the tangential stress
1. A cylindrical tank is subjected to a maximum pressure of 2 the cylinder. thickness of the wall based on a yield point of 480 MPa, a net at the outer surface of the cylinder.
N/mm2. The inside diameter is 1.5 m while the riveted joint endurance strength of 205 MPa and a factor of safety of 2.0. A. 3,452 psi C. 6,452 psi
has a longitudinal pitch of 60 mm and there are two straps 7. A thin walled cylindrical pressure vessel is subjected to A. 14.23 mm C. 16.57 mm* B. 5,142 psi* D. 4,542 psi
placed. The design stress for the plate and the rivets are 160 internal pressure which varies from 750 KPa to 3550 KPa B. 18.65 mm D. 12.43 mm
N/mm2 and 200 N/mm2, respectively. Determine the continuously. The diameter of the shell is 150 cm. Find the 11. A water tank 10m x 12m is completely filled with water.
thickness of the plate. Assume 80% efficiency of the joints. required thickness of the cylinder wall based on yield point of 6. A hydraulic control for a straight motion utilizes a spherical Determine the minimum thickness of the plate if stress is
480 MPa net endurance limit of 205 MPa and a factor of pressure tank ‘A’ that is connected to a work cylinder ‘B’. limited to 50 MPa.
2. Determine the safe wall thickness of a 30 inches steel tank safety of 2.5. Tank ‘A’ maintains pressure in the tank at 400 psi. A. 12.5 mm C. 13.6 mm
with internal pressure of 7.82 MPa. The yield stress of A. The tank is 32 inches in diameter, welded with 100% joint B. 11.77 mm* D. 10.25 mm
material is at 275.48 MPa. The factor of safety to use is 2.0. PRACTICE PROBLEMS efficiency and made of steel plates with an allowable tensile
(ME Bd. Problem). 1. Compressed oxygen is supplied in a cylinder 203.2 mm stress plates with an allowable tensile stress of 7500 psi. 12. Determine the safe wall thickness of a 50” steel tank with
A. 3/4 inch C. 21.6 mm inside diameter and 1.22 m long. The maximum tank Calculate the required thickness of the tank. (Ans. 0.4267 in) an internal pressure of 8 MPa. The ultimate strength of the
B. 23.6 cm D. 5/8 inch temperature is 49oC. The tank pressure is 13.785 MPa and B. The pressure drop between the tank and the cylinder is 30 plate material is 296 MPa and the factor of safety to be used
the allowable stress on the material is 106.839 with seamless psi. Assume an allowable for friction in the cylinder and is 3.
3. A cylindrical tank with 10 inches inside diameter contains construction. Find the thickness of the tank shell. packing to be 10% of F, the operating force in the cylinder. A. 45.6 mm C. 51.5 mm*
oxygen gas at 2500 psi. Calculate the required wall thickness A. 13.11 mm* C. 18.40 mm Calculate the diameter of the piston if the value of F is 5000 B. 32.2 mm D. 45.6 mm
in (mm) under stress of 28,000 psi. (ME Bd. Problem) B. 10.60 mm D. 14.62 mm lb. (Ans. 4.35 in.)
A. 11.34 mm C. 12.44 mm c. Determine the wall thickness of the work cylinder B if it is 13. Determine the safe internal pressure of a cylindrical tank
B. 10.24 mm D. 10.54 mm 2. From the above problem, how long can this tank supply made of cast iron having an allowable stress of 2000 psi. with a 500 mm internal diameter, 20 mm wall thickness and
oxygen welding set that consumes 0.157 liters/sec if the (Ans. 0.402 in) 3 meters length, if the stress is limited to 40 MPa.
4. Determine the thickness of a steel air receiver with 30 oxygen pressure is 5.6 MPa in the tank at 49oC and not to fill A. 3.2 MPa* C. 4.2 MPa
inches diameter and pressure load of 120 psi, design stress of below 0.45 MPa at 26.67oC. The welding set is at 7. A spherical pressure vessel has a 480 mm diameter. The B. 3.8 MPa D. 5.2 MPa
8000 psi. (ME Bd. Problem). atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 28.9oC. internal pressure is 10 MPa. Determine its wall thickness if
A. 1/4 in C. 3/8 in A. 2.6 hrs B. 4.2 hrs the allowable tensile stress in the material is 80 MPa and the 14. Determine the bursting pressure of a steel shell with a
B. 5/8 in D. 1/2 in B. 3.3 hrs* D. 1.6 hrs joint efficiency is 80%. diameter of 20 inches. The material is made of 5/16” steel
A. 15.78 mm C. 17.85 mm plate. The joint efficiency is 80% and the tensile strength is
5. A steel cylindrical air receiver with 5 feet diameter and 3. Design a vertical steel cylinder water tank 30 mm in B. 19.51 mm D. 18.75 mm* 63 ksi.
pressure load of 180 psi, design stress of 9500 psi maximum. diameter and 45 m high. Consider the pressure variation in A. 1557 psi C. 1432 psi
The pressure vessel is to be provided with a 1 ½ in diameter the water to follow a straight line from the edge of the top to 8. Boiler tubes with diameter of 50 mm (I.D.) are used in B. 1575 psi* D. 1032 psi
drain valve installed at the bottom of the vessel and safety the center of the bottom. The allowable stress is 120 MPa. handling 20 MPa of steam. Determine the thickness of tubes
pressure relief valve installed either at the top most or at the Find the thickness of the steel plate required. necessary for an allowable stress of 80 MPa. 15. A spherical tank 15mm thick has an internal pressure of 5
side with pop-out rating of 200 psi. Assume a 100% weld A. 55.13 mm* C. 65.13 mm A. 6.3 mm C. 7.3 mm* MPa. The joint efficiency is 96% and the stress is limited to
joint efficiency. The lap welding tensile strength is 65,000 B. 48.23 mm D. 35.25 mm B. 4.3 mm D. 8.3 mm 46.88 MPa. Find the maximum diameter of the vessel.
psi. Determine the bursting steam pressure of this air A. 500 mm C. 450 mm
receiver. 4. A 60 inch diameter steel pipe, 3/8 inch thick carries water 9. A cylinder having an internal diameter of 20 inches and an B. 560 mm D. 540 mm*
A. 1154 psi C. 1354 psi under a pressure head of 550 feet. Determine the hoop external diameter of 36 inches is subjected to an internal
B. 1454 psi D. 1254 psi stress in the steel, in psi. pressure of 10,000 psi and an external pressure of 2,000 psi.
A. 19,068* C. 18,780 Determine the hoop stress at the inner surface of the
6. A cylinder having an internal diameter of 20 in. and an B. 19,756 D. 19,783 cylinder.
external diameter of 36 in. is subjected to an internal A. 11,241 psi C. 13,142 psi*
pressure of 10,000 psi and an external pressure of 2,000 psi. 5. A thin walled cylindrical pressure vessel, 1.5 meters in B. 12,100 psi D. 8,452 psi
diameter, is subjected to an internal pressure which varies
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 TORDILLO ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER MECHANICAL ENGINEERING REVIEW PRESSURE VESSELS

Engineering Materials (Lecture Notes): A. 43xx C. 51xx 16. Chromium steel standard designation, SAE ________. 22. Select the one that has highest specific gravity:
B. 46xx D. 70xx A. 92xx C. 3xxx A. Brass C. Lead
B. 5xxx D. 11xx B. High carbon steel D. Aluminum
1. A carbon steel having Brinell Hardness number 100
9. It is hardening treatment whereby a cast metal is
should have ultimate tensile strength closer to (ME Bd.
being heated to a very high temperature then suddenly 17. Alloy that improves strength of steel at high 23. Tensile strength of common varieties of cast iron is in
Problem)
2 subjected to rapid cooling to improve hardenability or temperature application. the range of:
A. 1000 N/mm C. 100 N/mm2
2 wear resistance is called: A. Aluminum C. Silicon A. 40 – 60 MPa C. 840 – 500 MPa
B. 350 N/mm D. 200 N/mm2
A. Normalizing C. Quenching B. Manganese D. Chromium B. 150 – 180 MPa D. 1500 – 1650 MPa
B. Tempering D. Annealing
2. Manganese steel standard designation, SAE
18. The difference between cast steel and cast iron. 24. Under very low deformation and at high
__________.
10. An alloy of copper and tin: A. All of these temperature, it is possible to have some plastic flow in a
A. 13xx C. 11xx
A. Monel metal C. Brass B. Cast steel has usually less than 1%C while cast iron has crystal at a shear stress lower than the critical shear
B. 10xx D. 8xxx
B. Bronze D. Babbitt 2% or 3.6% carbon range stress. What is the phenomenon called?
C. Cast iron has lower strength more brittle and has lower A. Slip C. Creep
3. It is hardening treatment whereby a cast metal is being
11. Molybdenum steel standard designation is SAE ductility than cast steel. B. Shear D. Bending
heated to a very high temperature then suddenly
__________. D. Iron is usually the initial product after purifying iron
subjected to rapid cooling to improve hardenability or
A. 88xx C. 40xx ore then further processing by removal of more 25. Ductility of a material can be defined as
wear resistance is called:
B. 48xx D. 46xx impurities and carbon content to be able to produce steel A. ability to undergo large permanent deformations in
A. Normalizing C. Quenching
grade. compression
B. Tempering D. Annealing
12. Steels containing large amounts of mild nickel and B. ability to recover its original form
chromium: 19. Molybdenum steel standard designation, SAE C. ability to undergo large permanent deformations in
4. Steels can be strengthened by all of the following
A. Carbon steel C. Alloy steel ________. tension
practices, except:
B. Stainless steel D. Cast steel A. 88xx C. 40xx D. all of the above
A. Annealing C. Work hardening
B. 48xx D. 46xx
B. Quenching and tempering D. Grain refinement
13. All associated with standard materials specification,
EXCEPT: 20. Commonly used steel melter as deoxidizer because of
5. Ability of the material to withstand high-unit stress
A. American Iron and Steel Institute its easy availability and cheap price.
together with great unit strain:
B. Southeast Asia Iron and Steel Institute A. Silicon C. Zinc
A. Resilience C. Toughness
C. Society of Automotive Engineers B. Aluminum D. Manganese
B. Malleability D. Ductility
D. American Society for Testing Materials
21. Iron base alloy containing 9-16% chromium.
6. Ability to resist deformation under stress.
14. For a completely corrosion-resistant stainless steel, A. Mn Hadfield steel C. Stainless steel
A. Rigidity C. Stiffness
what minimum percentage of chromium in the alloy is B. Chrome-moly steel D. High chrome steel
B. Elasticity D. Malleability
required?
A. 3.2% C. 11% 21. All of the following group of plastic are thermoplastic,
7. Molybdenum-nickel steel designation, SAE ________.
B. 7.3% D. 15% EXCEPT:
A. 10xx C. 4xxx
A. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and plyvinyl acetate
B. 14xx D. 48xx
15. The SAE 2340 shafting contain ______ Nickel. B. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene
A. 3.85% Ni C. 3.25 to 3.75% Ni C. Acrylic (Lucite) and polyamide (nylon)
8. Molybdenum-chromium-nickel steel designation, SAE
B. 4% Ni D. 3.84% Ni D. Phenolics, melamine and epoxy
_______.
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