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! i :
A_-.. E) C (:11)
I_I'I-I_C) L
MCDONNELL
! REPORT
30
NO.
NOVEMBER
A344
1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I
I
I
!
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL
!
PERFORMANCE SUMMA
!
I This document
defense
contains
of the United
information
States
affecting
within
the national
the meaning of
the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C., Sections 793
I
and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any
manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
I PREPARED BY
B. B. BARNES
I
R.C. WAMSER
I APPROVED BY
¢:_. R. BURTON
I b-'
C. A. JACOBSON
I CONTROL
coPY.o. .0.
_3C-8s;'80 MCDONNELL
I
OUIDAI_CE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963 E
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
I
1 SUMMARY 1
I
2 GUIDANCE 3
2.2.2
2.2.3
RENDEZVOUS
TIME REFERENCE
RADAR
SYSTEM
17
19
I
2.2.4 DIGITAL COMMAND SYSTEM 21
!
CONTROL SYSTEM 23
3.1 EQUIPMENT 25
|
3.1.1
3.1.2
HORIZON
ATTITUDE
SENSOR
CONTROL
SYSTEM
27
I
3.1.3 HAND CONTROLLERS 29
3.1.4 DISPLAYS 31 I
3.1.4.1 AGENA MONITOR PANEL 31
INDEX OF REVISIONS
| DATE
PAGES AFFECTED
REMARKS REVISED BY APPROVED
REVISED ADDED REMOVED
] 15 May
Title
2!6/
p_
ii Update Report
i%4 8-n
| 16,
21-23
17
26-28
! 30, 32
35-38
40
i
|
|
a
]
I
a
|
i
!
!
I
| MCDONNELL
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
I
I
I GUIDANCE AND CONTROL
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
I This document is intended to provide a quick reference to the guidance and control
elements of the spacecraft. The material is designed to provide the basic information on
I
I
I
l
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I MCDONNELL
OUIDAI_CE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
COMMUNICATION
I
J GROUND DISPLAY PANEL
1 • ATTITUDE
GROUP
DISPLAY
i
• AGENA CONTROL
ASTRONAUT
MANUAL AND VISUAL FUNCTIONS PANEL
• MODE SELECTORS
I
AND EQUIPMENT CONTROLS
l I
MANEUVER CONTROL
I
HANDLES
I ATTITUDE AND
INERTIAL
• INERTIAL
GUIDANCE
MEASUREMENT
SYSTEM
UNIT
RADAR I
I
• COMPUTER
HORIZON
• MANUAL DATA INSERTION UNIT AGENA
SENSORS
• INCREMENTAL VELOCITY
•
INDICATOR
ACME
1 I
DCS
I
I
[
ATTITUDE AND 't
MANEUVER THRUSTERS
DAS
I
GROUND SITE
TO GROUND SITE I
Figure 1 i
MCDONNELL
a GUID:-,,NCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
• 30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I
. Summary - The discussion of the guidance and control system is logically divided
I so the functions of the guidance system and the control system are presented
I and control has functional responsibility for spacecraft orientation. The guidance
and control system performs required functions during each phase of the mission
prediction, and re-entry. A block diagram of the guidance and control system is
I presented in Figure 1.
The crew station display panel is presented on page 30 which shows the arrange-
I ment of the guidance and control equipment selectors. The individual equipment
I the
ance
Digital
System.
Command
The
System,
InertialGuidance
the Time
System
Reference
is the
System,
heart of the
and the Inertial
system,
Guid-
providing
I the coordinate
information.
references
The radar
and
provides
computation
information
means for processing
on the relative
sensed
geometry
or stored
to the
I target for use during rendezvous. The Digital Command System (DCS) provides
I criticalevents is obtained from the Time Reference System (TRS). The following
.
sections provide additional information on the various elements of the guidance
I system.
I
I
I
I
I
I MCDONNELL
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL
I REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
• ASCENT "
INSERTION ACCURACY (FOR PERFECT IMU AZIMUTH ALIGNMENT AND NO VELOCITY UPDATES)
• RENDEZVOUS
• TOUCHDOWN
REENTRY
PREDICTION
b)
MULTI-STATION
INITIAL CONDITION
TRACKING
DATA BASED ON
6.33 N.M.
E
SINGLE STATION TRACKING ................................................. 21.6 N.M.
REENTRY
a) INITIAL
FROM 87-161
CONDITION
N.M.
DATA
ELLIPICAL
BASED ON
ORBIT
MULTI-STATION TRACKING
|
1) PERIGEE RETROGRADE ................................................. 9.75 N.M.
b)
2)
INITIAL
APOGEE
CONDITION
RETROGRADE
DATA
.................................................
• REENTRY
2) APOGEE RETROGRADE ................................................ 16.8 N.M.
I
REENTRY
a) INITIAL
FROM
CONDITION
MULTI-STATION
161
DATA
TRACKING
N.M. CIRCULAR
BASED
ORBIT
ON (30") I
b) INITIAL CONDITION DATA B'AS'E'D'ON ......................................... 4.74 N.M.
REENTRY
SINGLE
STATION
FROM
TRACKING
...................................................
87-161 N.M. ELLIPTICAL ORBIT
723 NM
i
a) INITIAL CONDITION DATA BASED ON MULTI-STATION TRACKING
1) PERIGEE RETROGRADE
b)
2) APOGEE
INITIAL
RETROGRADE
CONDITION DATA
...................................................
BA'S'E'[)'OhI"S'IN(3LF:"S'I:A'T'IOI_I"T'I_A(_K'ING ...........
5.10
3.95
N.M.
N.M. I
1) PERIGREE RETROGRADE .................................................. 5.85 N.M.
2) APOGEE RETROGRADE ................................................... 6.48 N.M.
4 MCDONNELL
| GU;:)ANCE AND CONTROL
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
REPORT NO. A344
30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
2,1 Guidance Functional Modes - The guidance system operates in the following
I Pre-launch
preparation
- The
of the
pre-launch
guidance system
functions
which
are associated
includes astronaut
with the flight
functions,
readiness
platform
i torquing
status
by AGE,
is established
and computer
through the
data
combined
insertion using
functions
the
of AGE,
DCS.
the
Guidance
data
system
acquisition
il guidance
conditions,
system
display
(RGS) malfunction,
information for
capability
astronaut
to correct
evaluation
errors
of mission
in orbit insertion
status, and
i navigational
guidance system
data for re-entry
effectively
guidance
duplicates
inthe
the
event
computations
of an abort
of the RGS
during boost.
in an inertial
The
I frame
Insertion
defined
g_idance
by the launch
is initiated
pad
at SSECO.
vertical
The
and the
required
desired azimuth
velocity
at insertion.
increment to be
g added
and the
for proper
desired
insertion
insertion
is determined
conditions stored
basedon
in the
the computer
computer.
navigational data
I Catch-up
ground
-
computed
In the catch-up
incremental
mode_
velocity
the computer
components
has
(platform
the capability
frame)
of accepting
either through
I the
that
DCS
the
or MDIU.
required
The
velocity
computer
increment
determines
will
the desired
be along the
attitude
X body
commands
axis.
such
During
I thrusting,
frame to null
the measured
puter processes radar observations of the target, properly resolves the measure-
I ment into the coordinate system maintained bythe inertial platform, and computes
the proper maneuver to cause a futur'e intersection of the orbits. The velocity
I increment
and the
commands
astronaut applies
are automatically
increment
on the IVIat
is added.
the proper times
I
I MCDONNELL 5
:4
the astronaut to select a landing site in the event of an orbital abort situation. A
set of navigational initial conditions are required from the ground prior to
astronaut insertion of the first trial retrograde time via the MDIU. The longitude
and latitude of the landing site corresponding to the trial retrograde time are
displayed on the MDIU and upon astronaut acceptance the time-to-go to retrograde,
Re-entry - Spacecraft navigational data and predictions of the impact site are
to achieve the desired impact point. The subsystem accepts significant accele-
rations (retrograde, impulse, drag) sensed by the inertial platform for navigation
where real accelerations are non-existent. Bank angle commands ar'e derived to
control horizontal and vertical components of lift as a function of down and cross
point. The bank an_le errors are displayedon the FDN for manual attitude control
operation and also serve asthe commands for the re-entry attitude control mode.
|
AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344 r
|
f.f.t(r:oRMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
' !
i I _ GU;D
PER/
I =_ GUIDANCE SYSTEM
/
• MANUAL DATA _ L_
I
! INCREMENTAL VELOCITY INDICATOR
POWER SUPPLY----"
I PLATFORM ELECT
lllmU
I HORIZON
I
GIMBAL ANGLES
INERTI
I=
SENSOR
! ACCELEROMETEF
OUTPUT
,
INERTIAL GYRO OUTPUT
I I
PLATFORM
GYRO TORQUING
i
I COMMAND
I
I
ELECTRONICS
SYSTEM ! ATTITUDE
! !
I
I ASCENT GUIDANCE AND RE-ENTRY DATA
I
I RANGE, ELEVATION, AZIMUTH
I'
I
I
I RADAR
I
DATA
I
INSERT
I
I I
DATA
INSERTION
CANCEL, READOUT,
i
INSERT
I UNIT
I I
I
I
I I
mm
I
Figure 2
I GUIDANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
2.2 Equipment - Figure (2) indicates the components that comprise the Gemini
2.2.1 Inertia_ Guidance System (IGS) - The IGS is outlined in Figure (2), and
supply operates from spacecraft DC power and provides all power required
I for operation
computer, and
of the
the
inertial
attitude
platform,
control
associatedplatform
(ACME).
the
Honeywell-St. Petersburg for the IMU, and IBM Federal Systems Division
l for the digital computer and system integration are sub contractors to
t _ MH DGG 8046A1 i
_ " 3.
1.45"
•_I
i| 2.02.-
i INERTIAL PLATFORM _,, _(__I
:i IG5
g • 400
OPERATING
WATTS MAXIMUM
CHARACTERISTICS
ALIGNMENT
• PITCH
ACCUG
GYRO CHARACTERISTICS
• FLOATED RATE INTEGRATING
i POWER
• TYPE MH-DGG
REQUIREMENTS
80OI B17
I OPERATING
• 2.5 WATTS
CHARACTERISTICS
I • TEMPERATURE
• DRIFT:
185 °
ACCELERATION
F
I RANDOM: OUTPUT
OUTPUT
AXIS
AXIS
HORIZONTAL
VERTICAL 0.01
0.02
DEG/HR
DEG/HR
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
I • INPUT
• WEIGHT
ANGULAR
12 OUNCES
FREEDOM
(EACH
±2.5
GYRO)
DEG.
I
I
:L_X_CE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
30 NOVEMBER 1963
• q _,,oRMANCE SUMMARY
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
OFF
•
._,
-PLATFORM
_ ' .CAGE
FRAEGEE J
E
OPERATING CONTROLS
SELECTOR SWITCH "_Aw _ PITC_ OTRO
NOTE, lb
AXE5 SYSTEM |
OUTPUTS
• GIMBAL ANGLES
|
• MEASURED PLATFORM ACCELERATIONS
• t i -1"_
• MALFUNCTION INDICATION
|
MAC REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
• MAC REPORT 8637
m iI_._CH
! _¢.
t I u:q,
_ INFLIGHT
.4 DEG.
.4 DEG.
• MAC SCD 52-87717
I
| uw¢. .4 DEG.
ACCELEROMETER CHARACTERISTICS
I
• PENDULOUS FORCE REBALANCE
{ POWER
• TYPE MH-DGG
REQUIREMENTS
116-A9
I
i • 6.2 VOLT; 14.4 KC; 2.5 VOLT, 100 CPS; 200 MA CONSTANT CURRENT SOURCE
]
• 8.3 WATTS (EACH)
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
I
• THRESHOLD < 1 X 10-5g
i
f
!
• DYNAMIC
• BIAS 3X
• LINEARITY
RANGE
10-4g
1 X lO-Ag/g _
i X lO-Sg TO 10g
n
i
f
• SCALE FACTOR 3.6 X lO-4g/g
• OPERATING
• ELASTIC
PHYSICAL
TEMPERATURE
CHARACTERISTICS
182 ° F
RESTRAINT 0.05 DYNE-CM/MiLLIRADIAN u
• WEIGHT 9 OUNCES
• SIZE 5.7 CU. IN.
• ACCELEROMETER
(EACH)
MOUNTING ALIGNMENT
I
WITHIN 100 ARC SEC OF ORTHOGONAL
I
ORIENTATION
I
MCDONNELL I
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
T_
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
reference system for use in guidance and control tasks and also
! re-entry).
I ORBITAL
RATE - Inner element torqued at orbital rate during maneu-
periodically realigned.
I
I MCDONNELL
BEF - Same as the SEF mode but with switching to reverse
ward (BEF).
r_
!
._A_CE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344 |
NCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15MAY 1964
DIGITAL COMPUTER I
_1_. "
co .u.E. !
..s'l I I _I "_'L.-_f_ _" POWER
UNIT
--<2"'*"'- i
I
CHARACTERISTICS
COMPUTER
• BINARY FIXED POINT STORED PROGRAM, GENERAL PURPOSE
• 39 BIT COMPUTER WORDS CONSiSTiNG 13 BIT ADDRESS AND INSTRUCTION, 26 BIT
MAGNITUDE AND SIGN
• DIAGNOSTIC SUBROUTINE FOR MALFUNCTION DETECTION
AUXILIARY COMI_UTER POWER UNiT
• NICKEL CADMIUM BATTERY
• CONTROL, REGULATOR, SENSING AND CHARGING CIRCUITS
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
COMPUTER
• 500 KC ARiTHEMATIC BIT RATE, 250 KC MEMORY BIT RATE
• RANDOM ACCESS, NON-DESTRUCTIVE READ-OUT MEMORY
• ARITHEMATIC TIMES _ ADD, SUBTRACT, TRANSFER, 140 #SEC, MULTIPLICATION _ 420
#SEC, DIVISION _ 840 /_SEC
• CONCURRENT ARITHEMATIC OPERATION
AUXILIARY COMPUTER POWER UNIT
• .99999 PROBABILITY OF SUCCESSFUL OPERATION
• MAXIMUM RIPPLE CONTENT 1.5 VOLTS
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
;!
• COMPUTER
e WEIGHT 55 LB.
e VOLUME 1.1 CU. FT.
AUXILIARY COMPUTER POWER UNIT
• WEIGHT 3.6 LB.
• VOLUME .26 CU. FT.
SUBCONTRACTORS:
*f
COMPUTER, IBM; ACPU, ENGINEERED MAGNETICS
i
i!
MCDONNELL
GUI-'.:JANCE AND CONTROL
g ,,
REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I determines
and performs
elapsed time, selects the desired operational program
Positioning of
I formance is
generated
I Catch-Up The
culation
catch-up position
of AV required
provides
I maneuver
culated
and
display
provides
on
signals
the
for cal-
incremental
I velocity indicator.
I MCDONNELL il
Rendezvous (RNDZ) The RNDZ position provides for cal-
J Touchdown
Prediction (TD - PRE) In this mode the computer calculates and
displays a predictedtouchdownlatitude
point.
T
3.25"
i !_i. _I •
:_
:_
. i_! _
_
1 t,ii 5/_ D
I '-_ 3.25 "---_
CHARACTERISTICS
• INSERTION AND READOUT PANELS
• NON-ILLUMINATED
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
• EXACT READOUT AND SIGNAL TRANSMISSION
• MEAN TIME BETWEEN FAILURE 3000 HOURS
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
• WEIGHT 4 LB.
• VOLUME 80 CU. IN.
POWER REQUIREMENTS
• 4 WATTS AVERAGE
8.15 WATTS MAXIMUM
SUB-CONTRACTOR
• IBM
12 MCDONNELL
GLI|DANCE AND CONTROL
REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
30 NOVEMBER 1963
i, 2.2.1.4
i
I data
puter
is provided
memory.
on the
If an
display
error is
unit
noted,
prior
the
to entry
CLEAR
into
button
the com-
is de-
I pressed
serted by
and
the
the keying
selection
process
of the
repeated.
first
data
digit
are
of the
in-
! data.
address,
If the
inserts
astronaut
more
inserts
than seven
or requests
digits,
readout
inserts less
of an invalid
than seven
| digits
the
or
insert
fails
or readout
to insert a two
button, the
digit
seven
address
digit
prior
display
to depressing
becomes all
I zeros
displayed
to indicate
one digit
a procedural
at a time in.50
error.
second
The readout
intervals
information
I
PRELAUNCH MODE - Verification of DCS inserted data.
I CATCH-UP -Verification or insertion of the
I ground
neuver.
computed
Back-up aid
velocity
in accom-
ma-
I rendezvous program.
I MCDONNELL ]3
TOUCHDOWN PREDICTION - Verification or insertion of initial
'i
gitude and latitude of predicted
t
touchdown point.
time to go to retrograde.
AND CONTROL
!
()UIDANCE REPORT NO. A344 |
M
pERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
I
INCREMENTAL VELOCITY INDICATOR
!
I
!
i
|
t !r,\_'-.
i
,,, _s_, ix (@ i
!_- 5" .I
CHARACTERISTICS
I
• VELOCITY INDICATOR FOR EACH AXIS
GREEN
OPERATIONAL
INDICATOR
PERFORMANCE
LIGHTS FOR THRUST DIRECTION
I
• .5 FOOT SECOND ACCURACY
PHYSICAL
• 000 TO 999 FEET/SECOND
CHARACTERISTICS
RANGE I
e WEIGHT 3.75 LB.
POWER
e VOLUME 82
REQUIREMENTS
CUBIC INCHES I
I
• 7 WATTS AVERAGE
• 8 WATTS MAXIMUM
I
• MAC SCD 52-87712
SUB-CONTRACTOR
• LEAR/SIEGLER
14 MCDONNELL
Q GU!;:,ANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
I
I
2.2.1.5 Incremental Velocity Indicator (IVI) - The incremental velocity
I ments
in a decimal
along the body axes.
size
components
of 1 foot per
are
second.
displayed
The
| counters
automatically
may be
by the
set manually
computer.
by means
Applied
of control
velocity
knobs
increments
or set
can
I only
counters
be obtained
to zero
from
individually
the computer.
prior to the
The
insertion
computer
and
sets
display
the
of
il a computed
the incremental
velocity
velocity
increment.
indicator
When power
it automatically
is initially appliedto
references to
I! zero.
is
Power
turned on
is
but
applied
IVI
to the
will not
indicator
recognize
whenever
computer
the computer
signals for
I CATCH-UP -
Display and countdown of the catch-up velocity
computer.
I
I MCDONNELL 15
0UIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344 I
: pERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
i
/ REVISED 15 MAY 1964
' I
!
'/i
I
, RANGE-:£E
RATE . I
\ I
\ ='::_l
RADAR CONTROL
PANEL PANEL I
I
TRANSPONDER
DISPLAYS TRANSPONDER |
CHARACTERISTICS
kiD
OCK
:OhLTROL
RANGE-RATE
ON LIGHT
SWITCH
METER •
•
TRANSPONDER
ANTENNA
• BOOST
SYSTEM
REGULATOR
AND COMMAND LINK
I
I
PERFORMANCE
A RANGE 300,000 FT • RESPONSE TIME SO THAT RADAR
_TE FROM --100 TO +500 FT/SEC RANGE IS NOT COMPROMISED
OCK ON INDICATED BY LIGHT
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
_CTERISTICS
'_ANGE-RATE
.9 LB.
INDICATOR
•
•
TRANSPONDER
ANTENNA
• BOOST
SYSTEM
REGULATOR
WEIGHT
WEIGHT
WEIGHT
22 LB.
4.0
2.5
LB.
LB.
I
DOCUMENTS POWER REQUIREMENTS
ORT
52-87701
8635
• MAXIMUM
RECEIVE
POWER,
ONLY, 55
41
WATTS
WATTS
DURING
DURING
I
)R TRANSMITTER OPERATION
• 28 VDC SOURCE
R
_OUSE
SUB-CONTRACTOR
• WESTINGHOUSE D
16 MCDONNELL
J RADAR SYSTEM
/- REFERENCE
/ (RANGE)
/ ANTENNA
/__.-_j, /-AZIMUTH
ANTENNA
t
" A ,-RADAR
ACKAGE
_ "_- TRANSMITTER
ANTENNA
_- ELEVATION
ANTENNA
RADAR
CHARACTERISTIC5
CHARACTERIST
• L BAND INTER'FEROMETER
• RANGE
• FOUR SPIRAL CIRCULARLY POLARIZED ANTENNAS • RADAR
• 25 DEGREE (HALF ANGLE) BEAM WIDTH • RADAR
• MAGNET ENCODER (FOR COMMAND LINK)
PIERFORMANC E
PIERFORMANCE
• MAXIM
• ANGLE TRACKING 250 N.M. TO <!00 FT (_+3 MILLIRAD.) • RANGE
• RANGE TRACKING 250 N.M. TO <20 FT • RADAR
(0.1% OR 50 FT WHICHEVER IS LARGER)
PHYSICAL CHA
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS • RANGE,
• WEIGHT 50 LB (ENCODER WT. 1.42 LB.) • WEIGHT
• VOLUME 1.95 CU. FT.
MAC REFERENC
POWER REQUIREMENTS • MAC Sc
• MAXIMUM TOTAL POWER FOR RADAR 100 WATTS • MAC R
• MAXIMUM TOTAL POWER FOR ENCODER 100 MILLIWATTS
SUB.CONTRAC"
• 1 WATT FROM 26 VOLT (±5%), 400 CPS (±!.5%)
• WESTIN_
• 7 VOLT SOO KCPS SQUARE WAVE CLOCK PULSE
FOR DIGITAL OPERATIONS
SUB-CONTRACTOR
• WESTINGHOUSE
| GUIDANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I
i
2.2.2 RENDEZVOUS RADAR - The radar supplies the IGS computer with digital
I range and angle tracking data in addition to servicing as a Command Link
Encoder, and providing analog signals for the display of range, derived
I range rate, and angle tracking data. Four spiral circularly polarized
antennas, one transmitting and three receiving, are used. The three re-
I ceiving antennas consist of a common reference antenna and one each for
the pitch and yaw planes. The phase difference between the reference
I antenna and pitch (or yaw) is nulled by an electrical phase shift produced by
The command link transforms the Agena control switch positions into the.
I proper format such thata waveform coder can modulate the radar to pro-
Commands are sent via the radar link until the range separation is less
I than
hardline
25 feet,
(umbilical)
at which time
is used.
the radar is turned off. After docking, the
I Range and Range-Rate are displayed on separate circular scale type meter
movements with both movements encased in the same cover and bezel.
linear segments of range while the range rate scale is approximately equal
indicate range rates of+ 5 ft/sec. The angle track data is displayed on the
I
I
I MCDONNELL 17
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL !
REPORT NO. A344 |
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY
30 NOVEMBER 1963
i
TIME REFERENCE SYSTEM
STOP
WATCH
START-
STOP-
RESET
KNOB
_ _ 23'-----r
®, T _ T__--
MEMO,, E
/STBY MIN SEC UP_
--.,,, DArE---...J._/.-.._
_-_:!/: MARKERS
-_ToP '_ ' obwN
l ."_,_,'-'
o'!.--;
__il I
jt 3.8"
EVENT TIMER
MEMORY
_ARKER_ -]- |
CONTROL KNOBS
|
l
ELECTRONIC TIMER
I
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
•
•
ELECTRONIC
EVENT TIMER
TIMER
ACCURATE
ACCURATE
TO ±1
TO 35 PARTS
SEC/HOUR
IN 1,000,000 FOR A 24 HOUR PERIOD
!
• CLOCK ACCURATE TO +2 SEC/HOUR
PHYSICAL
•
CHARACTERISTICS
ELECTRONIC TIMER WEIGHT, 10 LB; VOLUME 224.5 CU. IN.
I
• EVENT TIMER WEIGHT, 2 LB, VOLUME 30. CU. IN.
• 24 HOUR CLOCK WEIGHT, 1 LB, VOLUME 22.4 CU. IN.
I
POWER REQUIREMENTS
•
•
INPUT
MAXIMUM
POWER
POWER
18 TO 30.5
13 WATTS
VDC
I
MAC REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
• MAC REPORT 8635
• MAC REPORT 8664
CONTRACTOR
• MAC
18 MCDONNELL
I GUIDANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
2.2.3 Time Reference System (TRS) - The time reference system consists of an
,] event timer, a clock, and an electronic timer (binary counter). The elec-
tronic timer provides the basic time reference for the computer guidance
i= calculations.
time or counting
The electronic
down time-to-go
timer performs
by an add/subtract
the function
program
of counting
which
up
is
repeated every 1/8 second. Elapsed time and time-to-go data are stored
are binary coded 24 bit messages which are accepted directly by the elec-
I tronic timer. The countdown data inserted via the MDIU must be ground/
number which is set on the MDIU andthen entered into the computer on the
"mark signal" (voice) from the ground. The decimal data are converted
I result of personnel or equipment error during update, the timer will reject
any new T R which is less than 512 seconds. The timing functions provided
of time-to-go-to- retrograde.
I grade sequence.
I MCDONNELL 19
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM - The electronic timer provides
The event timer is located onthe command astronaut panel and provides a
time display in minutes and seconds for short-term timing functions, e.g.
markers on the minutes portion of the dial face. Short term elapsed time
/ /
I
sToRED
PROORA
COM
TO,M
AN
L
REFERENCE
SYSTEM
../ TO
!
NO.
v,,d
2 J-- STORED PROGRAM COMMANDS.. COMPUTER
TO
:|
/
2.35 _
i
CHARACTERISTICS
• UHF TRANSMISSION LINK !
• TRANSMISSION RATE 200 BIT/SEC
• CONSISTS OF: 1 RECEIVER-DECODER UNIT
3 EIGHT-SECTION RELAY UNITS
2 FOUR-SECTION RELAY UNITS
g
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
• MEAN TIME BETWEEN FAILURES 16,800 HOURS 0
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
• WEIGHT 25 LB.
• VOLUME !148 CU. IN. 0
POWER REQUIREMENTS
• 15 WATTS AVERAGE
• 20 TO 30.5 VDC a
MAC REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
• MAC SCD 52-85714
SUB-CONTRACTOR: MOTOROLA
_) MCDONNELL m
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
i
I 2.2.4 Digital Command System (DCS): The digital command system performs
I functions
stations to
necessary
the
to
appropriate
transfer
spacecraft
the commands
systems.
received
DCS
from
commands
surface
are
I classified
are applicable
as real-time
andtime
and stored
reference
program
system.
commands
The real
which
time
I commands
occurrences
trigger
(displays,
relays
start-stop
which then
sequences,
cause
etc.)
a variety
and a total
of spacecraft
of 64 com-
I mands
computer
are
are
possible.
temporarily
The stored
stored
program
in a buffer
commands
and after
to the
decoding
TRS and
and
last 25 of which are rejected at the DCS. The sub-bits are arranged in a
address, 3 bit system address, and 24 bit data word. In the case of com-
except in those instances where the DCS data represents information re-
hardware errors.
I ASCENT - Loading of pre-launch targeting information,
I velocity
tude and
updates,
latitude
and
for
abort
guided
landing
re-entry
site longi-
aborts.
navigational coordinates.
I MCDONNELL 21
i
•The
stored program commands for the time reference system are:
TX - Time-to-go-to-equipment_re_set.
i GUIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
*c*°N
I
PITCH UP 5 AND 6 S AND 6 S AND 6
PITCH DOWN 1 AND 2 1 AND 2 1 AND 2
_ VALVE JET SOLENOIDS
YAW RIGHT 3 AND 4 3 AND 4 3 AND 4
._ DRIVERS 9, |O, 11. 12 YAW LEFT 7 AND R 7 AND 8 7 AND l
ROLL RIGHT 3 AND 7 I AND 5 3 AND 7
ROLL LEFT 4 AND 8 2 AND 6 4 AND R
TRANSLATE RIGHT 13 i3
TRANSLATE LEFT 14 14
TRANSLATE UP 15 15
TRANSLATE DOWN 16 16
i
DAMS SOLENOID DAMS REACTION
I,,4-4 ,3 I
PULSE RE-ENT I
DIRECT/_ ATECMI_
_/__ +THRUST
-,:_.,,\ ; fRROR
° I% \ _"_ATTITUDE LIMIT {D)
I ._ RING "A" RCS VEHICLE
i REACTION
SOLENOIDS
3, 4, 7,
JET
l
DYNAMICS
q. PITCH RATE
_THRUST
-THRUST I _,_ATE ERROR LIMIT (E)
-THRUST 1
CHAN- ATTITUDE A l C D l F
NEL MODE DEG,SEC DEG. SEC -_ DIG. DEG/SEC DEG SEC
_l I, 2, 5, 6
PITCH RATE CMD-OAMS 0.2
AND RATE CMD-RCS 0.5
1, 2, 5, •
22 MCDONNELL
ATTITUDE AND MANEUVER CONTROL SYSTEMS
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS
CONTROL
HANDLE
1
PULSE MANEUVER
SWITCHES GENERATOR
PULSE CONTROL
• EXCITATION_ HANDLE
RING "A"
SWITCHES
RING "'i"
SWITCHES
i PULSE, w/e
ACME
SWITCHES
"I I qORSCAN
RATE CMD,
I ACME OTHER
ALL RATE
RESNTCMD
PROPORTIONAL
OUTPUTS
I |XCITATIOb
! YAW J
RATE
REENT
REENTRY,
RATE
CMD,
CMD,
r¢
'
RATE _ rm
I
GYRO
ALL OTHERS
ALL
REENT
RATE CMD,
REENT RATE
RATE CMD,
I
ROLL CMD
RATE
GYRO
o
ALL OTHERS
t ALL
REENT
RATE CMD,
I '--'1
RATE CMD,
PITCH
REENTRY
RATE
GYRO o
ALL OTHERS
I ALL
OTHER ALL
OTHER
4*RMA
HORIZON
ALL
I
OTHERS
I
!
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
. Control System - The control system provides for spacecraft orientation about its
three major axes and for translational maneuvering. For the orbital phase, the
OAMS thrusters are used for attitude and maneuvering, while during retrograde
end of the spacecraft. The attitudecontrol system has both automatic and manual
modes while the maneuvering control system has only a single manual mode.
Attitude Control Mode Selector -The attitude control mode selector provides
Horizon Scan Mode - The horizon scan mode provides automatic control of the
spacecraft about its pitch and roll axes during the orbital phase and is used in
sequence. The horizon sensors provide a reference in pitch and roll to control
a limit cycle mode in these axes. The capabilities of the pulse mode are main-
tained about all axes so that, if required, more precise control can be manually
achieved. A nose down pitch bias is applied so that the nominal pitch attitude
variation maintains the earth's horizon within the astronaut's field of view. The
IGS and rate gyros are not used in the horizon scan mode.
Rate Command Mode- Vehicle angular rates are controlled such that they are
control handle displacements and when the difference between the two signals ex-
ceeds the damping dead zone the proper reaction control jets are fired. The rate
The rate command mode is effective about each of the three major.spacecraft
axes.
23
IMFC D O ltt lkiE JLL.
Direct Mode - The direct mode represents a backup control mode and is used to
handle displacements provide discrete signals to the ACME which are converted
into ON-OFF commands to the OAMS thrusters. The direct mode when used with
on the attitude hand controller provide on-off commands directly to the RCS sole-
noid valves. In the second method, switches on the attitude hand controller pro-
vide discrete signals to the ACME which are converted into on-off commands to
Pulse Mode - In the pulse mode spacecraft angular rate can be changed in incre-
mental steps by commanding thrust for a calibrated period of time. After dis-
placement of the control handle, it must be returned to the neutral position before
another pulse can be commanded. Thepulse mode is effective in each of the three
major space.craft axes and is used for fine attitude control, e.g. during.platform
alignment.
Re-entry Mode- In the re-entry mode, the spacecraft pitch and yaw rates are
automatically maintained within the damping dead zone by the ACME. The instru-
mentation of the pitch and yaw axes control is identical to that utilized in the rate
command mode except that commands are not accepted from the hand controller.
In addition, the ACME utilizes the inputs from the computer to control the space-
craft about the roll axis. The computer input is a signal corresponding to either
a roll attitude error or a fixed roll rate depending upon the relationship between
the predicted touchdown point and the desired touchdown point. The ACME main-
tains the commanded roll attitude or rate within a deadband about the command
value. The re-entry mode is normally utilized with the RCS thrusters.
Re-entry Rate Command - The re-entry rate command mode is utilized for manual
re-entry attitude control and has identical operational characteristics as the rate
command mode except that the damping deadbands correspond to the re-entry
mode values and roll rate cross-feed is included in the yaw channelas in the re-
entry mode.
HORIZON SENSOR SYSTEM
PRIMARY
SENSOR
. _ _(TYP.)
FAIRING
COVEF
' (TYP.)
SECONDARY
SENSOR HEAD
HORIZON SENSOR
ELECTRONIC
PACKAGES
//
PATTERN_OF EARTH
sc6b
PRI GEMINI HORI2
F
HORIZON SENSOR SCAN PATTERN o
F ELECTRONIC
SEC
GEMINI HORIZON SENSOR
TRACKER HEAD SCANNER
CONTROL PANEL
GUiDANCe,.: AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
pERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS
A. DETECTOR:
GERMANIUM-IMMERSED THERMISTOR BOLOMETER
!5°_12t (Typ.) B. FIELD OF VIEW: _1V2 ° × 1V2o
C. SPECTRAL PASSBAND: 8-18 MICRONS
Y 0.00 D. FILTER:
MULTI-LAYER, INTERFERENCE TYPE
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
A. iNSTRUMENT NULL ACCURACY: i0.1 °
B. SCALE-FACTOR ACCURACY: ±7%
C. ALTITUDE RANGE: 50-2,000 N.M.
D. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TILT: 20 ° FOR ALTITUDES FROM 50-850 N.M.
' (TYP.)
PHYSICAL CHARACTE'RISTICS
WEIGHT (LB):
1) TRACKER HEAD: 4.3 LBS.
2) ELECTRONIC PACKAGE: 5.6 LBS.
3) SYSTEM TOTAL: 9.9 LBS.
POWER REQUIREMENTS
• 26V, 400CPS, MAXIMUM POWER 11 WATTS
• HORIZON SENSOR HEAD HEATER 15 WATTS AT 22VDC
SUB-CONTRACTOR
"-'NSOR
KAGE
24 MCDONNELL
I GUIDANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
I
I 3.1 Equipment - The control subsystem equipment consists of the horizon sensor
I system,
the displays
the attitude
necessary
control
to pilot
and
the
ma,_euver
spacecraft.
electronics, the hand controllers and
I 3.1.1 Horizon Sensor System- The horizon sensors use an azimuth scanning
I earth and atmosphere. The horizon sensor system converts the IR horizon
! attitude errors with respect to the earth's local vertical. The pitch and
The roll and pitch output signals are used by ACME for attitude control
I (horizon scan mode) and by the IMU for platform alignment (SEF, BEF).
Loss of track or lock-on drives the system into a search mode until lock-on
mode during platform alignment; and illuminates the scanner light on the
I display panel. Two complete and separate horizon sensor systems, pri-
mary and secondary (standby) are provided and are selected by the scanner
I selector switch. The horizon sensor heads are jettisoned prior to re-
entry.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I MCDONNELL 25
REPORT NO. A344
,.._.,., G AND cONTROL 30 NOVEMBER 1963
_,.,,,, _.e,l._K.IE suMMARY REVISED 15 MAY 1964
RE-ENTRY REACTION
i
JET FIRING CONTROL SYSTEM
COMMANDS
ORBIT ATTITUDE
AND MANEUVER
REACTION CONTROL
MANEUVER SYSTEM •
CONTROLLER
COMMANDS
1INVERTER
C_A|ACTERISTICS
• CONSISTS OF ACE, OAME, POWER INVERTER, AND TWO RGP.
• OPERATIONAL IN 6 ATTITUDE CONTROL MODES, 1 MANEUVER CONTROL MODE
• PROVISION FOR 4 ADDITIONAL ATTITUDE MODES
O4qlATIONAL PERFORMANCE
• tOWER INVERTER PROVIDES OUTPUT OF 45 VOLT-AMP (0.8 LAG POWER FACTOR) AND 26 V +
2t_o AT 400 CPS
• RATE GYRO LINEARITY +0.8 DEG/SEC, HYSTERESIS _ 0.4 DEG/SEC, AND LINEAR ACCELERATION
SENSITIVITY LESS THAN 0.04 DEG/SEC/g.
• EACH RATE GYRO HAS A SPIN MOTOR ROTATION DETECTOR
I_t$4CAL CHARACTERISTICS
• TOTAL ACME WEIGHT 38.01 LB. • LOCATION OF RATE GYROS
e W1EIGHT OF COMPONENTS BODY STATION 150
ACE 15.93 LB.
OAME 7.20 LB.
RGP (TWO) 8.52 LB.
POWER INVERTER 6.36 LB.
• DLMENSIONS (AS SHOWN ABOVE)
It_Owl I REQUIREMENTS
• ACE AND OAME, 15 WATTS MAXIMUM
• tOWER INVERTER, 55 WATTS MAXIMUM INPUT
• IGP. NORMAL POWER IS 15 WATTS, PEAK POWER IS 20 WATTS
!
w.i,C |IfERENCE DOCUMENTS
• _AC SCD 52-87700
t • MAC REPORT 8637
t**q..CONTRACTOR
• MINNE APOLIS-HONEYWELL
ii
MCDONNELL
I _..u-'.°;o_
iI ATmuoE
CO.TRO,
A.O MANEUVER ELECTRONICS (ACME:
I' (
// _"
I _ I_,T
I w T ATTITUDE AND
'I
I
"°"_ _.S"
_:o_
I
1
| GUID-/_NCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I
3.I.2
I ATTITUDE
ACME
CONTROL AND
I nal processing
Guidance
in performance
are providedby
control tasks.
horizon sensors, and the attitude control and maneuver control handles.
! The ACME outputs are discrete on-off signals to control the firing of the
I equipment is located in the lower equipment bay except for the OAME
I from
horizon
the guidance
sensors, and
subsystems,
converts
attitude
the signals
control
into
handle,
drive
rate
commands
gyros and
to the
RCS solenoids and on-off logic commands tothe OAME subsystems. The
i ACE consists of the mode logic circuits, proportional circuits, control
torque logic circuits, hold networks, pseudo rate networks, RCS valve
logic circuits.
voltage into power used by the spacecraft whenever the IMU in'Certer is
I not being used. The AC power switch controls which power source that
is utilized.
I RATE GYROS - The two rate gyro packages (RGP) consists of three ortho-
I which sense angular rates about the pitch, roll, and yawaxes of the space-
craft. All three gyros in each RGP are separately energized by switches
I on the
each
astronaut
spacecraft
control
axes.
panel,
The
thus
rate
providing
gyros provide
standby
signals
rate sensing
to the ACE
about
when
I used
to the
in the
attitude
rate
display
command,
group,
re-entry
and
rate
to telemetry.
command and re-entry modes,
I MCDONNELL 27
GUIDAF_CE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY 30
REPORT
NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
I
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
HAND CONTROLLERS
i
ATTITUDE
(SHROUD
CONTROL
REMOVED FOR
HANDLE
CLARITY)
• BREAK-OUT TORQUE
I
YAW 4.0 ± 0.2 IN-LB
PITCH
ROLL
10.3
3.0 ±
±
0.2
1.0
IN-LB
IN-LB
I
• DEFLECTION AT BREAK-OUT
0.5 ± 0.25 DEG.
• TORQUE
YAW
FOR
12.7±
MAXIMUM
1.5 IN-LB
DEFLECTION I
PITCH 29 :i_ 5 IN-LB
ROLL
• MAXIMUM
6.45 ±
DEFLECTION
.85 IN-LB
|
10.5 ± 0.25 DEG.
• COMMANDED
PER GRIP
PITCH
ROTATION
AND
BODY
YAW,
RATE
1 DEGSEC/DEG
|
ROLL, 1.5 DEG SEC DEG
• GRIP
CONTROL
ROTATION
HANDLE
REQUIRED
SWITCHES
TO MAKE !
DIRECT MODE, 3 D_:G
• MAC
PULSE MODE,
REFERENCE
4 DEG
DOCUMENT
|
ROLL LEFT MAC DRAWING 52-61365
• ROLL RfGHT
|
ROLL
AXIS
|
MANEUVER CONTROLLER
!
f/ •
I
I _ .._: _,_ f INSTRUMENT
PANEL mEV.
f
"" _" ', _ • BREAK-OUT FORCES
t'*'_
", ",, ",,
;
",
) ..I
._'>".,.-___J
...-"
• FORCE REQUIRED
DEFLECTION
FOR MAXIMUM
i
i '_-_._.- i" /".f IN-OUT AND UP-DOWN, 5¾ :_ "_,,_ LB.
_,". .... ,' t...!'_t
/!/',,
,//" LEFT-RIGHT,
FROM
BREAK-OUT
POINT.
7 _ 3/4 LB
I
_l _ / MACDRAWING
52_1321 I
I • I
_0 _ TRANS,ATION
DmECTIONS I
28
tlYlCDONIVELL
| GUIDANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
I
I 3.1.3 HAND CONTROLLERS- Manual attitude control and maneuver control
I tasks
maneuver
are accomplished
controller. Both
utilizing
controllers
the attitude
incorporate
control
self-centering
ha,_dle and
features
the
! and
with
require
"feel".
slight forces for displacements thus providing the systems
I ATTITUDE
grip device
CONTROL
and provides
HANDLE-
control
The
of spacecraft
attitude
attitude
control
about
handle
the
is a stick
pitch, yaw,
I and
placement
roll axes.
when
Output
attitude
signals
control
to ACME
is in the
are proportional
rate command
to handle
mode and
dis-
are
I "ON-OFF"
handle must
when
be displaced
direct or pulse
past
control
a preset
modes
thresholdprior
are employed.
to command
The control
signal
I generation
sition in order
and, for the
to command
pulse mode,
subsequent
must be returned
pulse. The
to the
control
centered
handle
po-
is lo-
! cated
MANEUVER
between the
CONTROLLER
astronauts on the
- The
crew
maneuver
station pedestal.
I vice
vering
and
in any
provides
of six
the m,_ans
directions
for manually
along the
controlling
spacecraft
spacecraft
axes. The
maneu-
maneuver
g controller
in any of
is stowable
the six
and,
directions
when in the
generate
operating
signals
position,
to ACME
displacements
for control of
I thruster
placements
firing.
produce
Fore or aft,
corresponding
left or right,
maneuver
up and
com'n_ands.
down controller
The maneuver
dis-
I
I
I
I
I MCDONNELL 29
INSTRUMENTS, DISPLAYS, ANDC(
OV(RHEADSWITCH/CfRCUIT
BR£AKER
PANEL
l
NTROLS
T .....
i
I
II_AD p_4EL lit I F.)
AGENA
STATUS
DISPLAY WATER
MANAGEMENT
PAVCL
I
I
I
I
I
_
[
i
!
l
g
CENTER
CONSOLE I
/ I
I
I
30 MCDONNELL
GU!DANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
I
I 3.1.4 DISPLAYS - Instruments, displays and controls provided for visual indi-
I on the
with
panels
recomm,_nded
and pedestal
duties
so as tobe
and
accessible
responsibilities
and
of crew
visible
members.
in accordance
The dis-
I plays
with
associated
the respective
with the
systems.
guidance and control equipments are discussed
I 3.1.4.1 Agena Monitor Panel - The target mounted display panel monitors
the operation of the Agena systems and willbe visible during the
I docking m,xneuver.
I Sec Hi Light
propulsion
- Green
system
illumination
conditions
indicates
(Secondary
acceptable
System).
high thrust
I Sec Lo
propulsion
Light
system
- Green illumination
conditions
indicates
(Secondary
acceptable
System).
low thrust
I Time
main
(Main
engine
Engine)
in minutes
- Clock
and
indicates
seconds.
burning tim_ remaining on
I Time
maining
(Secondary
on secondary
Engine)-
engine
Clock
in minutes
indicates
and
burning
seconds.
time re-
I Attitude
gas supply
Gas Meter
pressure.
- Color coded meter indicates attitude control
I MCDONNELL 31
(JUID.,_I_CE AND CONTROL
I
REPORT NO. A344 li
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
ATTITUDE DISPLAY
GROUP REVISED 15 MAY 1964
I
='/' ' E/_{IITI\XX\+ 4 I
_ -----THREE AXIS BALL
I
(YAW, CROSS RANGE)-J _-_t:t;_ J%_._, ._ ; :
I r;_'_ +++
++_.'W'_ +_,,.,-- ,+ .11
HORIZONTAL
DIRECTOR
INDICATOR
INDICATOR
VERTICAL INDICATOR
!
MODE REFERENCE DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY
RANGE _ RANGE * *
!
PARAMETER RANGE *e
PARAMETER PARAMETER
RATE RADAR ROLL RATE ± 5°/S PITCH RATE ± 5°_S YAW RATE ± 5°/S
PLATFORM
COMPUTER
ASCENT
ROLL RATE + S°/S
1 ± 5°/S
1 ± 5°/S
I
ROLL RATE + 5°/S PITCH RATE ± 5°/15 YAW RATE ± 5°/S
CATCH-UP
RENDEZVOUS
REENTRY °
1
_ -_-5°
1 !
!
I
1
COMPUTER
ROLL RATE ± 5°/S PITCH RATE YAW RATE
I
ASCENT ROLL ERROR PITCH ERROR + 5° YAW ERROR
CATCH-UP
ROLL RATE
+ 5°
& PITCH RATE
±5°j
/
± 5°/S
& YAW RATE
I
i +5 °
+ 5°/S
I
RENDEZVOUS + 5o + 5°
I
COMPUTER
ASCENT ROLL ERROR _ 5° PITCH ERROR ± 5 ° . YAW ERROR ± 5°
CATCH-UP ROLL ERROR + S° PITCH ERROR ±5 ° ± 5°
RENDEZVOUS ROLL ERROR _+5 ° PITCH ERROR + 5° YAW ERROR
I
+5 °
REENTRY + S° DN RANGE ERROR ± 100 N.M. CROSS RANGE -+ 12.5 N,M.
ERROR
* MIXED S/C ROLL RATE WITH BANK ANGLE OR BANK RATE COMMAND.
32 MCDONNELL
| OUIC, ANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
I
I
3.1.4.2
I ATTITUDE CONTROL DISPLAY - The attitudedisplay group pro-
the desired display mode. The three axis ball is driven by the
i IMU gimbal outputs and represents the spacecraft body angles
!
!
I
I
I
l
I
I
I MCDONNELL 33
I
GUIDANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344 |
pERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
ABORT HANDLE j
!
LAUNCH VEHICLE DISPLAY GROUP !
'Q Q
.:sEEO: :_,
,
I
_ ,'I/ _i
I
I
ALTITUDE
.LONGITUDINAL B
ACCELERATION
34 MCDONNELL
! GUIDANCE
PERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
NO. A344
1963
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
i' 3.1.4.3 Launch Vehicle Display Group - These displays monitor the basic
I MCDONNELL 35
/
SEQUENTIAL TELELIGHT/SWlTCHES |
I
TIME OF ILLUMINATION
OR DEPRESSION I
T R -- 5 MIN I
: T R --5 MIN !
.11 I
TR -- 5 MIN I
TR --30 SEC I
TR --30 SEC !
T R --30 SEC I
T_ -t-45 SEC
TR; _ TIME-TO-GO-TO-RETROGRADE I
MCDONNELL I
GL:'.DANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
]
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
'1 and switches are provided for indication and/or manual initiation
of the task.
| Separate
SSECO
Spacecraft
+ 20 seconds
Telelight/Switch
fire
switch
relays
is pressed
which initiate
at
| pyrotechnic
guillotining
devices
the booster
for disconnectingbooster-spacecraft
ties
! minutes
attitude.
serves
Depression
as a signal
of the
to the
switch
astronaut
applies
to achieve
a retro bias
the retro
(16 °
I nose
attitude.
down) to the FDI as an aid in maintaining the desired retro
l 02 High
minutes
Rate
as a signal
Telelight
that
Switch
the high
- The
flow
light
rate
is illuminated
should be initiated
at T R -5
for
I the
occurs
re-entry
when the
phase.
secondary
After T R -5
02 rate
minutes,
valve is opened.
green illumination
I /VOCDONN=e..=. 37
portion controls squib fire relays which initiate pyrotechnic
pack.
- Gf
ii Pi
i INSTRUMENTATIOh
i
i ANALOG SIGNAL
(VARIOUS
! BI-LEVEL
g (ON-OFF)
g LO-LEVEL .! 32 LO-L
i DIGITAL
INPUTS
g
LO-LEVEL
| (0-20 MV)
MULTIPL
_I 32 LO-L
I BI-LEVEL
(ON-OFF)
I
ANALOG
I
(O-5VDC)
ANALOG
l .-t,.
32 HI-L!
40 BI-LE
SIGNAL
(VARIOUS ,-L MULTIPLI
CONDITIONERS
I VOLTAGES)
Figure 3
I
REPORT NO. A344
" .,.;.I-CE AND CONTROL
30 NOVEMBER 1963
,_,.:,,_,_
_ _,1 _lA NC E SUMMARY
REVISED 15 MAY 1964
----'-1
I
! i
I i
I PROGRAMMER i
I MODULE
I
! ANALOG TO
DIGITAL
REAL-TIME
1 CONVERTER
TRANSMITTER
I
.11, L
t
I
1
OUTPUT
REGISTER I
DIGITAL
SHIFT
\
\
TAPE
RECORDER SPARE
I
\
c_
REGISTER \
\
• \
RECORD
17/8 I.P.S.
0
TRANSMITTER
I
CLOCK \
\
RATE
GENERATOR PLAYBACK
\
\ !
411A I.P.S. \
\
PROGRAM ! I
GENERATOR
MULTIPLEXER DELAYED
I
CONTROL TRANSMITTER
3
I
RE-ENTRY MODULE
I
Ii
MCDONNELL
(='_,._;OANCE AND CONTROL REPORT NO. A344
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY 30 NOVEMBER 1963
|
I
4.0 GUIDANCE AND CONTROL INSTRUMENTATION - The spacecraft instrumenta-
quisition function and provides a means of documenting significant events and data
provides for transmission of all pulse code modulation (PCM) data while the
| spacecraft
Bit/sec. While
is in
the
contact
spacecraft
with a monitoring
is beyond the
site
receiving
at transmission
capabilities
rate
of the
of 51.2K
ground
| stations,
is made
selected
with the
data
next
is recorded
ground
on tape
station,
inside
a data
the
dump
spacecraft.
transmission
When RF
is performed,
contact
A functional block
data
diagram
is transmittedfromthe
of the instrumentation
tape at 22 times
system
the
is shown
recording
in Figure
rate.
3.
| The guidance and control DAS parameters are provided in three forms: 24 bit
words obtained from the digital computer; 8 bit words from T/M monitoring points;
O and bilevel, i.e. on-off indication, that are represented by specific bits of an
assigned 8 bit word. The DAS information is transmittedto the ground sites in 8
| bit
bit
groups
information.
(words) which requires that the ground site must reassemble the 24
I
I
!
I
I
I
I MCDONNELL 39
!
_"'_ I _
I
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i 0
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• 0 ° 0 N "-' O0 0 0
o ..H 0 +I
I
i
I
I
i
I
i °
I
!
] oUIDANCE
pERFORMANCE
AND CONTROL
SUMMARY
REVISED
REPORT
30 NOVEMBER
15
NO.
MAY
A344
1963
1964
I
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II
MCDONNELL