HVKVZ DK Ii: MNR Wnmve

hvKvZ I Dk‡ii
mnR wnmve
m¼jK
nvexeyjøvn wmivRx
m ¤úv ` K
kvn& Avãyj nvbœvb
hvKvZ I Dk‡ii
mnR wnmve
m¼jK
nvexeyjøvn wmivRx
m¤úv`K
kvn& Avãyj nvbœvb m~ wP c Î
cÖKvkKvj
GwcÖj 2020 wLªóvã
êkvL 1427 e½vã cÖ_g Aa¨vq
igv`vb 1441 wnRwi hvKvZ
cÖ”Q` I Aj¼iY hvKv‡Zi cwiPq 7
gwbiæ¾vgvb gwbi hvKv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I dwRjZ 8
hvKvZ Av`vq bv Kivi cwiYvg 16
Kw¤úDUvi K‡¤úvR hvKv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨ 20
Lv‡j` gvngy` Lvb hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú` 22
wbmve 23
gy`ªY
el©c~wZ© 23
w`MšÍ wcÖw›Us A¨vÛ c¨v‡KwRs hvKvZ diR nIqvi kZ©mg~n 25
cÖKvkK ¯^Y© I †iŠ‡cï wbmve 28
eënvwiK ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ 30
bM` UvKvi hvKvZ 34
evwYwR¨K c‡Yï hvKvZ 35
F‡Yi hvKvZ 37
e¨vs‡K Rgv I Avw_©K BÝUªy‡g‡›U wewb‡qv‡Mi Ici hvKvZ 38
Be‡b wmbv Uªv÷ cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ, MÖvPzBwU, PvKwii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ RgvK…Z dv‡Ûi hvKvZ 39
evwo # 48, †ivW # 9/G
exgvi Ici hvKvZ 39
avbgwÛ, XvKv-1209
hvKvZ Kx w`‡q Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e 39
www.ibnsinatrust.com
E-mail : info@ibnsinatrust.com cvwjZ cïi wbmve 41
LwbR ev gvwUi Zjvq †cÖvw_Z m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ 43
webvg~‡j¨ weZi‡Yi Rb¨ †hme m¤ú‡ì Ici hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq 45
wØZxq Aa¨vq
gyLeÜ
Dki
hvKvZ Bmjv‡gi cuvPwU ¯Í‡¤¢i Ab¨Zg GKwU| hvKvZ m¤ú`‡K cweÎ
Dki‡hvM¨ dj I dmj 47 K‡i Ges e„w× K‡i| hvKvZ abx‡ì m¤ú‡` Mwi‡ei nK| GB nK
Dk‡ii cwigvY 49 Av`vq bv Kiv ch©šÍ wZwb gyw³ cv‡eb bv| Avj-KziAv‡b hvKvZ-msµvšÍ
cuvP Iqvmv‡Ki cwigvY 50
Av‡jvPbv eûevi D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| G Qvov Dki Av`v‡qi e¨vcv‡i
Ggb dj-dmj †h¸‡jv Iqvmv‡K cwigvc Kiv hvq bv 51
Avgv‡ì mgv‡R Am‡PZbZv I `ye©jZv cwijwÿZ nq| gymwjg mgv‡R
dj-dmj hvKvZ‡hvM¨ nIqvi g~jbxwZ 52
A_©‰bwZK wfwË wewbg©v‡Y hvKv‡Zi f‚wgKv Acwimxg| evsjv‡`‡k
hvKv‡Zi Ici †ek wKQy eB/†jLv Qvcv n‡jI Zv cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq
LyeB bMY¨| G wel‡q mnR‡eva¨fv‡e hvKvZ I Dk‡ii wbmve I wnmve
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq †ck Kivi Rb¨ GB cÖqvm|
hvKvZ I Dki e¨‡qi LvZmg~n GB eB‡qi cvÊywjwc wj‡L‡Qb Rbve nvexeyjøvn wmivRx (nv‡d‡R KziAvb
hvKvZ I Dki e¨‡qi LvZmg~n 54 I nv‡d‡R eyLvwi), m¤úv`bv K‡i‡Qb Rbve kvn& Avãyj nvbœvb (mv‡eK
hvKvZ MÖn‡Yi A‡hvM¨ e¨w³eM© 58 mwPe, evsjv‡`k miKvi, †Pqvig¨vb, w` Be‡b wmbv dvg©vwmDwUK¨vj
BÛvw÷ª wjwg‡UW)| eBwU cybg~©j¨vqb K‡i‡Qb W. gynv¤§v` gwZDj
Bmjvg (mnKvix Aa¨vcK, evsjv‡`k BmjvwgK BDwbfvwm©wU), Aa¨vcK
†gvLZvi Avngv` (WvB‡i±i, W¨v‡dvwWj BmjvwgK †m›Uvi), nv‡dR
PZz_© Aa¨vq
gvIjvbv KvRx Rvjvj DwÏb (wcÖwÝcvj, `viæj KziAvb g‡Wj gvìvmv,
hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei QK nvRvixevM, XvKv), Rbve ZvwiK gvngy` AvRnvix|
GKRb PvKzixRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 61 eBwUi mvwe©K Av‡qvR‡b Be‡b wmbv Uªv‡÷i Gw·wKDwUf WvB‡i±i
GKRb eëmvqxi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 64 Rbve d‡qR Dj¨vn, wmwbqi GwRGg Rbve Rvwn`yi ingvb, †WcywU
GKRb †ckvRxexi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 67 g¨v‡bRvi Rbve †kL wgRvbyi ingvb mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb|
GKRb AemicÖvß Kg©KZ©vi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 70 Be‡b wmbv Uªv÷ G eBwU webvg~‡j¨ weZi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| Avkv
GKRb weaev gwnjvi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 72 Kwi, GB eB‡qi gva¨‡g hvKvZ I Dk‡ii e¨vcv‡i GKwU mnR‡eva¨
GKRb M„wnYxi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 74 aviYv cvIqv hv‡e|
GKRb Lvgvwii m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 76 Avgv‡ì m‡e©v”P †Póv w`‡q eBwU‡K `wj‡ji Av‡jv‡K wbfy©j Kivi †Póv
GKRb K…wlRxexi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv 78 K‡iwQ| ZviciI gvby‡li †Kv‡bv KvR wbfy©j bq| eBwU‡Z †Kv‡bv fyj
cwijwÿZ n‡j ms‡kva‡bi ¯^v‡_© Avgv‡ì Rvbv‡j DcK…Z ne| cieZ©x
MÖš’cwÄ 80 ms¯‹i‡Y Avgiv ms‡kva‡bi †Póv Kie BbkvAvjøvn|
Avjøvn Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Póv Keyj Kiæb|
cÖ‡dmi W. G †K Gg mìæj Bmjvg

m`m¨ cÖkvmb
Be‡b wmbv Uªv÷, XvKv
cÖ_g Aa¨vq
hvKvZ
hvKv‡Zi cwiPq
hvKvZ Bmjv‡gi AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †ivKb (¯Í¤¢)| Cgv‡bi ci me©vwaK
¸iæZ¡c~Y© I Acwinvh© Bev`Z n‡jv mvjvZ I hvKvZ| Avj KziAv‡bi
eû ¯’v‡b mvjvZ I hvKvZ‡K GKmv‡_ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges hvKvZ
cÖ`vbKvix‡ì Rb¨ Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K A‡kl ingZ, gvMwdivZ I
AvZ¥ïw×i cÖwZkÖæwZ †`qv n‡q‡Q|
AvwfavwbKfv‡e hvKv‡Zi A_© n‡jv ÔcweÎZvÕ, ÔcweÎ KivÕ, Ôe„w× cvIqv
ev e„w× KivÕ| G Qvov hvKv‡Zi Av‡iKwU A_© n‡jv cwiï× Kiv|
†h‡nZz hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g wb‡Ri Ges m¤ú‡ì cweÎZv AwR©Z nq,
m¤ú` e„w× cvq, m‡e©vcwi wb‡Ri Ges m¤ú‡ì cwiï×Zv mvwaZ nq,
GQvov K…cYZv †_‡K gb cweÎ nq| ZvB hvKvZ‡K hvKvZ bv‡g
AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 7

Avi cwifvlvq Avjøvni mš‘wói Rb¨ wb‡Ri wba©vwiZ m¤ú‡ì Ici
wba©vwiZ Ask wba©vwiZ Lv‡Z `vb Kiv‡K hvKvZ ejv nq| A_©vr †Kv‡bv
gymwjg e¨w³ hw` wbmve cwigvY m¤ú‡ì gvwjK nq Ges Zv GK eQi
AwZevwnZ nq Zvn‡j Zvi m¤ú` †_‡K 2.5% nv‡i wba©vwiZ Lv‡Z ÒAvwg Zv‡ì‡K †bZv evwb‡qwQjvg, Zviv Avgvi wb‡`©k Abymv‡i c_
hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv Zvi Rb¨ diR| wb‡`©kbv w`Z| Avi Zv‡ì‡K Avwg GB g‡g© cÖZ¨v‡`k K‡iwQjvg †h,
Zviv mvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki‡e I hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡e| g~jZ Zviv AvgviB
hvKv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I dwRjZ Bev`vZ KiZ|Ó (m~iv Avj-Avw¤^qv : AvqvZ-73)
Bmjv‡g Ab¨vb¨ †gŠwjK Bev`‡Zi g‡Zv hvKvZI GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Avevi Cmv (Av:) Gi e¨vcv‡i Avjøvni evYx:
Bev`Z| mvjvZ, †ivhv, nR I Ab¨vb¨ Bev`‡Zi †P‡q hvKv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡
I dwRjZ †Kv‡bv As‡k Kg bq| wb‡gœ hvKv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I dwRjZ
ms‡ÿ‡c Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡”QÑ Ò†hLv‡bB Avwg _vwK bv †Kb wZwb Avgv‡K eiKZgq K‡i‡Qb, wZwb
Avgv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb hZ w`b RxweZ _vwK ZZ w`b mvjvZ I hvKvZ
K. bex-ivm~j‡ì Bev`Z
Av`vq Ki‡Z|Ó (m~iv gviBqvg : AvqvZ-31)
hvKvZ Ggb GK Bev`Z, hv c~e©eZ©x me D¤§‡Zi Ici diR wQj|
†hgbÑ ewb BmivB‡ji e¨vcv‡i Avjøvn iveŸyj Avjvwgb ej‡Qb :
L. hvKvZ `wi`ª‡ì AwaKvi
Avj KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbvi Kvi‡Y Avgiv g‡b Kwi hvKvZ †hgb GKwU
diR Bev`Z †Zgwbfv‡e m¤ú`kvjx‡ì Ici `vwqZ¡-KZ©e¨ †h, Zviv
Zv‡ì m¤ú` †_‡K `wi`ª‡ì Ici wbqggvwdK e¨q Ki‡e| Avi GUv
abx‡ì KiæYv bq eis GUv Ggb GK `vwqZ¡, hv Zv‡K cvjb Ki‡ZB
n‡e| †hgbÑ Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi evYx :
ÒAvi hLb Avgiv ewb BmivBj †_‡K cÖwZkÖæwZ wb‡qwQjvg †h, †Zvgiv
Avjøvn Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Dcvmbv Ki‡e bv| wcZv-gvZv, AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb,
ÒGes Zv‡ì (abx‡ì) m¤ú‡` hvPbvKvix I ewÂZ †jvK‡ì Rb¨
BqvwZg I wgmwKb‡ì mv‡_ m`vPiY Ki‡e Ges †jvK‡ì mv‡_
mycÖwZwôZ AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|Ó (m~iv hvwiqvZ : AvqvZ-19)|
DËgfv‡e K_v ej‡e Avi mvjvZ cÖwZôv Ki‡e I hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡e|
AZtci †Zvgv‡ì Aí wKQz e¨wZZ mevB D‡cÿv K‡i gyL wdwi‡q
M. m¤ú‡ì e„w×
wb‡j|Ó (m~iv Avj-evKvivn : AvqvZ-83)
hvKvZ w`‡j m¤ú` K‡g hvq e‡j Avgv‡ì g‡b nq| A_P gnvb
GKBfv‡e Be&ivnxg, BmnvK I BqvKze (Av:)-Gi e¨vcv‡i Avjøvn Avjøvni †NvlYv n‡jv Zuvi c‡_ LiP Ki‡j, m¤ú` e¨q Ki‡j Avjøvn
ZvÕAvjv e‡jb : eû¸‡Y Zv e„w× K‡i †`b| ZvB hvKvZ Av`vq Kivi †ÿ‡Î KL‡bvB
8 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 9

m¼xY© gbv nIqv A_ev KzÉv‡eva Kiv DwPZ bq| GRb¨ Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ N. hvKvZ cÖ`vbKvix‡K Avjøvn wb‡R cyi¯‹…Z K‡ib
hvi Ici hvKvZ diR n‡e, Avgiv Zv AvZ¥Z…ß gb wb‡q Avjøvni iv¯Ívq wKQy †gŠwjK Bev`Z i‡q‡Q hvi cÖwZ`vb gnvb Avjøvn wb‡R †`‡eb|
e¨q Kie| Avi G e¨vcv‡i Avjøvni evYx n‡jv : Avi †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB, †h cyi¯‹vi Avjøvn wb‡Ri Kv‡Q msiÿY K‡i
†i‡L‡Qb Zv AZ¨šÍ eo gv‡ci cyi¯‹vi n‡e| ZvB Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki
DwPZ, Avjøvni wbKU msiwÿZ cÖwZ`v‡bi Rb¨ m`v-me©`v cÖ¯‘Z _vKv
Ges Zv cvIqvi Rb¨ Avgj Kiv| †h cÖwZ`v‡bi †NvlYv gnvb Avjøvn
ÒAvi †Zvgiv gvby‡li m¤ú` e„w× cvIqvi Rb¨ †h my` w`‡q _vK Zv wb‡RB w`‡”Qb :
g~jZ Avjøvni wbKU e„w× cvq bv| †Zvgiv hviv Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi mš‘wói
Rb¨ hvKvZ wn‡m‡e hv `vb K‡iv, Giv n‡”Q Zviv hviv g~jZ (hvKvZ
`v‡bi gva¨‡g) Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì m¤ú`‡K evwo‡q wbj|Ó
(m~iv Avi-iƒg : AvqvZ-39)
ÒwbðqB hviv Cgvb Avbqb K‡i‡Q I mrKvR K‡i‡Q Ges mvjvZ
Avevi nvw`‡m Kz`wm‡Z Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Av`g mšÍvb‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i
Kv‡qg K‡i‡Q I hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q, Zv‡ì Rb¨ i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì i‡ei
ej‡Qb :
cÿ †_‡K cÖwZ`vb| Avi Av‡Liv‡Z Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv fq _vK‡e bv Ges
Zviv wPwšÍZI n‡e bv|Ó (m~iv Avj-evKvivn : AvqvZ-277)
O. hvKvZ cÖ`vb RvbœvwZ‡ì ¸Yvewj

Ò†n Av`g mšÍvb Zzwg Avgvi Rb¨ LiP K‡iv, Zvn‡j Avwg †Zvgvi Rb¨
ciKv‡j hviv RvbœvwZ n‡e, `ywbqv‡Z Zv‡ì wKQy ¸Yvewj cwijwÿZ
LiP Kie|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 5352, gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 993)
n‡e| †h ¸Yvewj †`‡L eySv hv‡e †h, cicv‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ my›ì I
hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Zv‡ì m¤ú`‡K eû¸‡Y e„w× K‡i g‡bvig Avevm¯’j A‡cÿv Ki‡Q| Avi fvMëvb Ggb me †jv‡Ki
†`b| †h e¨w³ hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi mš‘wó‡K cÖvavb¨ ¸Yvewj Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q gnvb Avjøvn e‡j‡Qb, Zviv n‡jv Ggb
w`‡q Zvi m¤ú` †_‡K Avjøvni c‡_ e¨q Ki‡e wZwb Zvi m¤ú` eû¸‡Y me †jvK hviv Zv‡ì m¤ú` †_‡K `wi`ª‡ì `vb K‡i, A_©vr hvKvZ
evwo‡q †`b| †hgb gnvb Avjøvn ej‡Qb : cÖ`vb K‡i| Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi evYx :
Òe‡jv, wbðqB Avgvi ie Zuvi ev›`v‡ì g‡a¨ hv‡K Pvb Zvi wiwhK
evwo‡q †`b Avi hv‡K Pvb Zvi wiwhK m¼zwPZ K‡i †`b| †Zvgiv hv
wKQz `vb K‡iv Avjøvn Zvi wewbgq †`‡eb| Avi wZwb DËg wiwhK ÒwbðqB gyËvwKiv _vK‡e RvbœvZmg~‡n Ges cÖevwnZ Sibvavivq|
`vZv|Ó (m~iv mvev : AvqvZ-39) Zv‡ì ie †mLv‡b Zv‡ì‡K hv †`‡eb Zv Zviv (Zzó n‡q) MÖnY Ki‡e|

KviY `ywbqv‡Z Zviv wQj AZ¨šÍ †bKKvi| iv‡Z Zviv Lye KgB NygvZ|
iv‡Zi †kl cÖn‡i Zviv ÿgv PvBZ| Zv‡ì m¤ú‡` Afvex I ewÂZ‡ì
†h nK wQj (Zv Zviv Av`vq KiZ)|Ó
(m~iv Avh&-hvwiqvZ : AvqvZ-15-19) Ò†Zvgv‡ì eÜz †Kej Avjøvn, Zuvi ivm~j I gywgbMY; hviv webZ n‡q
mvjvZ Kv‡qg K‡i I hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i|Ó
P. Avjøvni ingZ cvIqv (m~iv Avj&-gvwq`vn : AvqvZ-55)
Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi ingZ ZvivB cvq hviv Zuvi wcÖq ev›`v n‡Z cv‡i| Avi
R. Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg ¯Í¤¢
Zuvi wcÖq ev›`v nIqvi Rb¨ wKQy we‡kl ¸Yvewji cÖ‡qvRb nq| hv‡ì
hvKvZ Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg diR Bev`Z Ges Bmjv‡gi Z…Zxq ¯Í¤¢
†mB ¸Yvewj _v‡K, ZvivB Avjøvni wcÖq ev›`v nq Ges Zv‡ì IciB
wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi (iv:) e‡jb, ivm~jyjøvn mvjøvjøvû
wZwb Zuvi we‡kl ingZ el©Y K‡ib| †m we‡kl ¸Yvewji Ab¨Zg n‡”Q,
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :
hviv Avjøvni †`qv m¤ú` n‡Z hvKvZ wn‡m‡e `wi`ª‡ì gv‡S GKgvÎ
ZuviB mš‘wói Rb¨ eÈb K‡i †`q| Avi Gme †mŠfvMëvb †jv‡Ki
e¨vcv‡i Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv e‡jb :
ÒBmjvg cuvPwU wel‡qi Ici cÖwZwôZ : GB mvÿ¨ †`qv †h, Avjøvn Qvov
mZ¨ †Kv‡bv gvey` †bB Ges gynv¤§` mvjøjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg Avjøvni
ivm~j, mvjvZ Kv‡qg Kiv, hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv, nR Kiv I igv`vb gv‡mi
wmqvg cvjb Kiv|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 8, gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 16)
ÒAvi gywgb cyiæl I bvixiv G‡K Ac‡ii eÜz, Zviv fv‡jv Kv‡Ri S. mdjZvi Drm
Av‡`k †`q Avi Ab¨vq KvR †_‡K gvbyl‡K wb‡la K‡i, mvjvZ Kv‡qg Bmjv‡gi AmsL¨ diR Bev`‡Zi g‡a¨ Ggb wKQy Bev`Z Av‡Q,
K‡i Ges hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i I Avjøvn Ges ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ K‡i| †h¸‡jv‡K Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv KziAv‡b GKvwaKevi D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| h_vÑ
Ggb e¨w³‡ì Ici Avjøvn ingZ K‡ib| Avi wZwb ÿgZvevb I nR I wmqvg BZ¨vw`| wKš‘ hvKvZ Ggb GK Bev`Z †hUv‡K Avjøvn
cÖÁvgq|Ó (m~iv ZvIev : AvqvZ-71) ZvÕAvjv mvjv‡Zi ci KziAv‡b me‡P‡q †ewk D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| Avi
Avgiv Rvwb, hvi ¸iæZ¡ hZ †ewk †mUv ZZ †ewk D‡jøwLZ nq|
KziAvbyj Kvwi‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b hvKvZ‡K ÔhvKvZÕ, Ômv`vKvnÕ ev
Q. Avjøvni wcÖq ev›`v nIqvi gva¨g ÔBbdvK dx mvwewjjøvnÕ A_ev ÔDcvR©b †_‡K e¨q KivÕ ev Ô`wi`ª‡K
wbðqB Avjøvni wcÖq ev›`v nIqv gywgb Rxe‡bi Ab¨Zg cvIqv| †hme LvIqv‡bvÕ BZ¨vw` bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cweÎ KziAvb I nvw`‡m
Bev`‡Zi gva¨‡g Avjøvni wcÖq ev›`v nIqv hvq Zvi Ab¨Zg n‡”Q hvKv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv †ewk D‡jøL nIqvi Kvi‡Y Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi,
hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv| †hgbwU Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv KziAvb gvwR‡` e‡jb : BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb mdjZvi Ab¨Zg Drm n‡”Q hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv|

T. Cgv‡bi ¯^v` cvIqv
GUv Ggb GK Kvh©Ki eë¯’vcbv, hvi gva¨‡g abx-`wi`ª‡ì gv‡S
m¤ú‡ì fvimvg¨ eRvq _v‡K| hvi Kvi‡Y Bmjvg Avgv‡ì‡K Ò†Kv‡bv e¨w³ Zvi m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Zvi m¤ú‡ì mKj
Avb›`wP‡Ë hvKvZ w`‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i, hv‡Z Avgiv mevB cÖK…Z AKj¨vY `~i n‡q hv‡e|Ó (gvRgvDh hvIqvB` wjj nvBmvgx 3/6)
Cgv‡bi ¯^v` †c‡Z cvwi| †hgb Avãyjøvn Beby gyÔAvweqv ivw`qvjøvû
Avbû e‡jb, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb : W. Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡e‡ki gva¨g
hvKvZ cÖ`vb‡K ivm~‡j AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg Rvbœv‡Z
cÖ‡e‡ki GKwU gva¨g wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| †KD hw` Bmjv‡gi
bxwZ‡K AbymiY K‡i Avb›`wP‡Ë hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i GKgvÎ Avjøvn
Ò†h e¨w³ wZbwU KvR Ki‡e †m cÖK…Z Cgv‡bi gRv cv‡e : †h GKgvÎ iveŸyj Avjvwgb‡K mš‘ó Kivi Rb¨, Zvn‡j bex Kwig mvjøvjøvû
Avjøvni Bev`vZ Ki‡e Ges Rvb‡e †h, Avjøvn Qvov †Kvb mZ¨ gvey` AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi Iqv`v Abyhvqx †m e¨w³ GKRb RvbœvwZ e¨w³|
bvB, Avi Avb›`wP‡Ë Zvi m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ w`‡e|Ó Avey ûivBiv ivw`qvjøvû Avbû †_‡K ewY©Z, GK e¨w³ ivm~j mvjøvjøvû
(Avey `vD`Ñ nvw`m bs 1582) AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg‡K ej‡jb, Avgv‡K Ggb GKwU Avg‡ji wb‡`©k
w`b †hwU Ki‡j Avwg Rvbœv‡Z †h‡Z cvie| ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
U. Bmjv‡gi Askx`vwiZ¡ Iqv mvjøvg Zvi Rev‡e ej‡jb :
GKwU nvw`‡m Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~‡j AvKivg
mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡jb :
ÒwZbwU welq Avwg kc_ K‡i ejwQ : †h e¨w³i Bmjv‡g Ask Av‡Q
Avi hvi Bmjv‡g †Kv‡bv Ask bvB Ggb `yÕRb‡K Avjøvn KL‡bvB mgvb
Ki‡eb bv| Bmjv‡gi Ask wZbwU : mvjvZ, wmqvg I hvKvZ|Ó
(gymbv`y Avwe Bqvjv gvDwmjx 8/49) ÒAvjøvni Bev`Z Ki‡e, Zvi mv‡_ KvD‡K kwiK Ki‡e bv, diR
mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡e, igv`v‡bi wmqvg cvjb
V. AKj¨vY `~ixf~Z nq Ki‡e| IB e¨w³ ejj, Avjøvni Kmg Avwg Gi †ewk wKQyB Kie bv|
Av‡iv GKwU nvw`‡m Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB, Rvwei ivw`qvjøvû Avbû e‡jb, †jvKwU P‡j hvIqvi mgq ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg ej‡jb:
GK e¨w³ ejj : †n Avjøvni ivm~j, hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Zvi m¤ú‡ì hviv GKRb RvbœvwZ gvbyl †`‡L Lywk n‡Z Pvq Zviv GB e¨w³‡K
hvKvZ Av`vq K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi Kx dwRjZ n‡Z cv‡i| Rev‡e ivm~‡j †`LyK|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1333, gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 14)
AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg ej‡jb :

Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki DwPZ hvKv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv I ivm~‡j ÒwK‡m †Zvgv‡ì‡K mvKv‡i (Rvnvbœvg) cÖweó K‡i‡Q? Zviv ej‡e :
AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg †h ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc I dwRjZ eY©bv Avgiv mvjvZ Av`vqKvix‡ì AšÍfy©³ wQjvg bv Ges Avgiv
K‡i‡Qb Zv Dcjwä Kiv Ges Avjøvni †`qv m¤ú` †_‡K ZviB c‡_ wgmwKb‡ì‡K Avnvh© cÖ`vb KiZvg bv|Ó
e¨q Kiv, hv‡Z K‡i Zuvi †`qv m¤ú` e¨q K‡i `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Z (m~iv Avj-gyÏvmwmi : AvqvZ-42-44)
mdjKvgx‡ì KvZv‡i †cuŠQ‡Z cvwi|
L. †jvgnl©K kvw¯Íi †NvlYv
Rvnvbœv‡g hZ kvw¯Íi K_v Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv KziAvb I nvw`‡m D‡jøL
hvKvZ Av`vq bv Kivi cwiYvg K‡i‡Qb Zvi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q fqven n‡jv Av¸‡bi gva¨‡g kvw¯Í| Ggb
exfrm I †jvgnl©K kvw¯Í Rvnvbœv‡g Avi †Kv_vI _vK‡e bv| Avi GB
hvKvZ Av`vq †hgb dwRjZc~Y© †Zgwb hvKvZ Av`vq bv Kivi
fqven AvRv‡ei K_v ejv n‡q‡Q hviv hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i bv Zv‡ì
cwiYvgI fqven| hvKvZ Av`v‡q Ae‡njv Av‡Liv‡Z †hgb kvw¯Íi
e¨vcv‡i| G e¨vcv‡i KziAv‡bi fvl¨ :
KviY n‡e, `ywbqv‡ZI fqven cwiYvg e‡q wb‡q Avm‡e| KziAvbyj
Kvwig I nvw`‡m eûevi hvKvZ‡K Ae‡njv I A¯^xKv‡ii fqven
cwiYwZi D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K m¤ú`kvjxi DwPZ, hvKvZ
Av`v‡qi e¨cv‡i †Kv‡bv Ae‡njv bv Kiv Ges h_vh_ Dcv‡q h_vmg‡q
hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv|
ÒAvi hviv ¯^Y© I †iŠc¨ Rgv iv‡L Ges Zv Avjøvni c‡_ e¨q K‡i bv
K. Kv‡di-gykwiK‡ì êwkó¨
Zv‡ì‡K Avcwb hš¿Yv`vqK kvw¯Íi mymsev` w`b| wKqvg‡Zi w`b G
KziAv‡bi fvl¨ †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi, hvKvZ Av`vq bv Kiv g~jZ
m¤ú` Av¸‡b DËß K‡i Gi Øviv Zv‡ì Kcv‡j, cv‡k^© I wc‡V †mKv
Kv‡di-gykwiK‡ì êwkó¨| myZivs hviv hvKvZ h_vh_fv‡e Av`vq
†`qv n‡e Ges ejv n‡e G¸‡jvB †Zvgv‡ì †mB m¤ú`, hv (hvKvZ bv
Ki‡e bv, Zv‡ì Kg© Kv‡di ev gykwiK‡ìB K‡g©i g‡Zv| Zv‡ì
w`‡q) wb‡R‡ì Rb¨ Rgv K‡i †i‡LwQ‡j| GLb †Zvgiv hv Rgv K‡i
cwiPq Avgiv Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi fvlvq Gfv‡e w`‡Z cvwi :
†i‡LwQ‡j Zvi m¦v` Avm¦v`b K‡iv|Ó
(m~iv AvZ&-ZvIev : AvqvZ-34-35)
Òhviv hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i bv Ges Zviv AvwLiv‡ZI Awek^vmx|Ó M. Av‡Liv‡Z AKj¨vY e‡q Avb‡e
(m~iv nvgxg †mR`vn : AvqvZ-7) Avgv‡ì mgv‡R wKQy gvbyl Av‡Q, hviv †jv‡fi ekeZ©x n‡q hvKvZ
Av`vq †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| Zviv ˆ`wnK Bev`Z¸‡jv : mvjvZ, mvjvg,
Rvnvbœvwg‡ì‡K Rvnvbœv‡g Avmvi KviY m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Kiv n‡j Zviv wmqvg, whwKi-Avh&Kvi Lywkg‡b cvjb K‡i, wKš‘ m¤ú`-mswkøó Bev`Z
ej‡e, Avgiv mvjvZ Av`vq KiZvg bv, Kzdwi KiZvg Ges hvKvZ hvKvZ Av`vq †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| Avi G m¤ú` msiÿY I KzwÿMZ
cÖ`vb n‡Z weiZ _vKZvg| Zv‡ì fvl¨ KziAv‡b G‡m‡Q : K‡i ivLvi Abyf~wZ ax‡i ax‡i Zv‡K Kzdwii w`‡K wb‡q hvq| m¤ú`
AR©b GKRb Kg©V gywg‡bi êwkó¨| †m Zvi kÖg I †gav LvwU‡q m¤ú`

AvniY Ki‡e| GUv Zvi Cgv‡biB `vwe| wKš‘ †m m¤ú` †_‡K Avjøvni O. hvKvZ Av`v‡q UvjevnvbvKvix Awfkß
iv¯Ívq e¨q Kiv bv n‡j Zvi AwR©Z m¤ú` AKj¨vY I aŸsm †W‡K Avgiv mevB Rvwb †h, cÖ‡Z¨K mÿg e¨w³i Rb¨ hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv
Avb‡e| Avjøvni evYx : diR| Avi hviv G diR‡K cvjb Ki‡e bv, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjøv‡gi fvlvqÑ Zviv Awfkß| myZivs G Awfkvc †_‡K euvPvi
Rb¨ Ges Rvnvbœv‡gi fqvenZv †_‡K wb‡R‡ì iÿvi Rb¨ I ciKv‡ji
mdjZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K m¤ú`kvjxi DwPZ, m¤ú‡ì
ÒAvjøvn ZvÕAvjv AbyMÖn K‡i †h m¤ú` gvbyl‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb, †mB wbw`©ó Ask hvKvZ wn‡m‡e Avjøvni iv¯Ívq cÖ`vb Kiv| hvKvZ Av`v‡q
m¤ú` †c‡q hviv K…cYZv K‡i Zviv †hb KL‡bvB GUv g‡b bv K‡i †h, UvjevnvbvKvix Awfkß e¨w³i e¨vcv‡i ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv
Zv‡ì G m¤ú` Zv‡ì Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi n‡e, eis Zv Zv‡ì Rb¨ mvjøvg e‡jb :
ÿwZKi| Zviv K…cYZv K‡i †h m¤ú` AR©b K‡iwQj, wKqvg‡Z Zv
Zv‡ì Mjv‡ZB Szwj‡q †`qv n‡e|Ó (m~iv Av‡j-Bgivb : AvqvZ-180)
N. Rvnvbœv‡g hvIqvi KviY

†hme Lvivc K‡g©i Kvi‡Y gvbyl Rvnvbœv‡gi Awaevmx n‡e, m‡›`n †bB
Zvi Ab¨Zg KviY n‡jv hvKvZ cÖ`vb bv Kiv| ivm~‡j AvKivg mvjøvjøvû
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi gyLwbm„Z evYx †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi, cÖ_g Òmy` MÖnYKvix, my` cÖ`vbKvix, my‡ì †jLK, my‡ì `yÕRb mvÿx`vZv
†h wZb e¨w³ Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡e Zv‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb _vK‡e Ggb, hw` Zv †R‡bï‡b K‡i, †mŠ›`‡h©i Rb¨ Dwé AuvKv bvix Ges hvi kix‡i
m¤ú`kvjx nIqv m‡Ë¡I hvKvZ Av`vq KiZ bv| m¤ú` Avjøvni †`qv AuvKv nq, hvKvZ Av`v‡q UvjevnvbvKvix e¨w³ Ges wnRi‡Zi ci
wbqvgZ, ZvB m¤ú`‡K Avjøvni weavbgvwdK ZuviB c‡_ e¨q Ki‡Z Avevi c~‡e©i Rxe‡b wd‡i hvq, Ggb me e¨w³ gynv¤§v` mvjøvjøvû
n‡eÑ GUvB wbqvg‡Zi ïKwiqv Av`vq| m¤ú`‡K h_vh_fv‡e Avjøvni AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi fvlvqÑ wKqvg‡Zi wè‡m Awfkß|Ó
iv¯Ívq LiP K‡i Rvnvbœvwg nIqv †_‡K weiZ _vKvB eyw×gv‡bi KvR| (gymbv`y Avngv`Ñ nvw`m bs 409, 430, 464)
hvKvZ Av`vq bv K‡i m¤ú`kvjx nIqv gymwj‡gi e¨vcv‡i ivm~j
mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi evYx : P. hvKvZ Abv`vqKvixi m¤ú` mc© n‡q Zv‡K `skb Ki‡e
Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv gvbyl‡K †h m¤ú` w`‡q‡Qb Zvi nK ev hvKvZ
h_vh_fv‡e Av`vq bv Ki‡j gnvb Avjøvn G m¤ú`‡K fq¼i I welv³
mv‡ci AvK…wZ‡Z Zvi Mjvq Szwj‡q Zv‡K kvw¯Í †`‡eb| hvKvZ
ÒcÖ_g †h wZb e¨w³ Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡e Zviv n‡jv : †¯^”QvPvix Abv`vqKvixi m¤ú` hZ †ewk n‡e Zvi kvw¯Í I fqvenZvi cwigvYI
kvmK, Ggb m¤ú`kvjx e¨w³ †h Zvi m¤ú` Avjøvni AwaKv‡i (hvKvZ) ZZ †ewk n‡e|
e¨q K‡i bv Ges AnsKvix `wi`ª e¨w³|Ó ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡jb :
(gymZvìvK wjj nvwKg 1/545, mwnn Beby LyhvBgvn 4/8)

Ò†Zvgiv hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g †Zvgv‡ì m¤ú`‡K myiÿv K‡iv|Ó
(AvZ-ZvevivbxÑ nvw`m bs 10217)
Òhv‡K Avjøvn m¤ú` `vb K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ †m Gi hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡iwb, L. e¨w³i cwiï×Zv
wKqvg‡Zi w`b Zvi m¤ú`‡K †Pv‡Li Dci `ywU Kv‡jv `vM I UvK hvKv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨ wn‡m‡e m¤ú‡ì cweÎZv †_‡K e¨w³i cwiï×Zv †ewk
gv_vwewkó welai mv‡ci AvK…wZ w`‡q Zvi Mjvq Szwj‡q †`qv n‡e| ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| KviY, e¨w³ cwiï× bv n‡j †Kv‡bv Bev`‡Zi D‡Ïk¨ nvwmj
mvcwU Zvi gy‡Li `yÕcv‡k^© Kvg‡o a‡i ej‡e Avwg †Zvgvi m¤ú`, Avwg nq bv| GRb¨ Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv hvKvZ bvgK DËg Bev`‡Zi gva¨‡g
†Zvgvi Mw”QZ gvj|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1403) Zuvi ev›`v‡ì cweÎ I cwiï× Ki‡Z Pvb| Avi G e¨vcv‡i gnvb
Avjøvni e³e¨ n‡jv :
A_P ÿY¯’vqx GB abm¤ú`‡K gvbylB Kj¨v‡Yi evnb g‡b K‡i _v‡K|
ZvB Avmyb, Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î wbR `vwqZ¡
h_vh_fv‡e Av`vq Kwi| hv‡Z Avgiv `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Z mdjKvg
ÒAvcwb Zv‡ì m¤ú` †_‡K hvKvZ MÖnY Kiæb, hvi gva¨‡g Avcwb
e¨w³‡ì AšÍfy©³ n‡Z cvwi|
Zv‡ì‡K cweÎ I cwiï× Ki‡eb|Ó (m~iv AvZ&-ZvIev : AvqvZ-103)
hvKv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨ Aci GK Avqv‡Z Avjøvn e‡jb :
cÖ‡Z¨K Bev`‡ZiB AšÍwb©wnZ wKQy D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K, hvKv‡ZiI Av‡Q| G

D‡Ïk¨mg~n ev¯Íevqb Kivi gva¨‡g Avjøvni mš‘wó AR©bB Zvi g~j Ò†h e¨w³ m¤ú` e¨q K‡i wb‡Ri cwiï×Zvi Rb¨|Ó
jÿ¨-D‡Ïk¨| †hgbÑ K) m¤ú‡ì cweÎZv, L) e¨w³i cwiï×Zv Ges (m~iv Avj&-jvBj : AvqvZ-18)
M) m¤ú‡ì MwZkxjZv|
GKwU nvw`‡m Beby AveŸvm (iv:) e‡j‡Qb :
K. m¤ú‡ì cweÎZv
m¤ú‡ì cweÎZv AR©b hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Ab¨Zg KviY| †h m¤ú`
gnvb Avjøvn Zuvi abfvÊvi †_‡K gvbyl‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb Zv ZuviB c‡_
wbqggvwdK `vb Kivi gva¨‡g Aewkó m¤ú‡ì cÖK…Z cweÎZv AwR©Z
nq| Avi hLbB Avgiv Zvi c‡_ hvKv‡Zi wba©vwiZ cwigvY cÖ`vb Kie Òivmyj mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg †ivhv`vi‡ì Akøxj K_v I
ZLb g~jZ Avgv‡ì cy‡iv m¤ú`B cweÎ n‡q hvq| hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi Akvjxb AvPiY †_‡K cwiï× Kiv I Mwie‡ì Avnvh© †`qvi Rb¨
gva¨‡g m¤ú` cwiï× nIqvi e¨vcv‡i ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mv`vKvZzj wdZ&i avh© K‡i‡Qb|Ó
mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb : (Avey `vD`Ñ nvw`m bs 1609, Beby gvRvnÑ nvw`m bs 1827)

M. m¤ú‡ì MwZkxjZv Gme m¤ú‡ì †Kv‡bv GK cÖKviI hw` †Kv‡bv gywgb e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq
m¤ú‡ì MwZkxjZv Avbq‡bi Rb¨ hvKvZ GKwU eyw×e„wËK I †hŠw³K _v‡K; Avi hw` Zvi gvwjKvbvaxb m¤ú` †Kv‡bv e¨vs‡K ev cÖwZôv‡b
eë¯’vcbvi bvg| KziAv‡bi wewfbœ wb‡`©kbv I ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc †_‡K Avgiv A_ev Kv‡iv wbKU Mw”QZ, AvgvbZK…Z, ¯’vqx mÂq, mÂqcÎ wn‡m‡e I
eyS‡Z cvwi †h, m¤ú` Rgv Kiv I msiÿ‡Yi gvbexq `ye©jZv I †kqvi mb` wn‡m‡e iwÿZ ev †`bv wn‡m‡e _v‡K Ges wbmve cwigvY
K…cYZvi Abyf~wZ †_‡K gy³ nIqv gywg‡bi GKwU AZ¨vek¨Kxq ¸Y| _v‡K Zvn‡jI Zv‡K wbqgvbyhvqx hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avgiv mevB Rvwb, m¤ú` AR©b Kivi AwZwi³ †jvf I K…cYZv gvbyl‡K
Kzdi I gybv‡dwKi w`‡K wb‡q hvq| GRb¨ m¤ú` AR©b Kivi ci Zvi wbmve
nK h_vhZfv‡e cvjb Kiv cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Ici AZ¨vek¨Kxq welq| KviY
Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv KL‡bvB GUv Pvb bv †h, gvbyl m¤ú` AR©b Kivi ci wbmve A_© cwigvY ev msL¨v| G cwifvlvwU mvaviYZ hvKv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î
Zvi nK Av`vq bv K‡i Zv wb‡Ri wbKU cyÄxf~Z K‡i ivL‡e| Avi GUv eënvi Kiv nq| Kgc‡ÿ †h cwigvY m¤ú` _vK‡j hvKvZ diR nq
hvKv‡Zi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨| †hgbwU Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv e‡jb : Zv‡K wbmve ejv nq| hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú‡ì cÖKv‡i †hgb wfbœZv Av‡Q
†Zgwbfv‡e wewfbœ cÖKvi hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú‡ì wbmveI wfbœ wfbœ|
wewfbœ mwnn nvw`m †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi, ivm~‡j AvKivg mvjøvjøvû
Òm¤ú` †hb ïay †Zvgv‡ì ga¨Kvi weËkvjx‡ì gv‡S Ave× bv nq|Ó AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg ¯^‡Y©i wbmve 20 wgmKvj ev 85 MÖvg (7.5 †Zvjv),
(m~iv Avj-nvki : AvqvZ-7) †iŠ‡cï wbmve 5 DwKqvn ev 600 MÖvg (52.5 fwi), D‡Ui wbmve 5wU,
Miæi wbmve 30wU, QvM‡ji wbmve 40wU Ges dm‡ji wbmve 5 IqvmvK
(cÖvq 17, gZvšÍ‡i 25 gY) wba©viY K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr Kv‡iv wbKU wbmve
hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú`
cwigvY ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨ ev mgcwigvY A_©, cï ev dmj _vK‡j wba©vwiZ
gnvb Avjøvn KziAvbyj Kvwi‡g m¤ú` I dm‡ji hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi wb‡`©k nv‡i Zv‡K hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb, hv Avgv‡ì meviB Rvbv Av‡Q| wKš‘ wZwb Zuvi
wb‡`©‡ki e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb I ev¯Íevq‡bi `vwqZ¡ Zuvi wcÖq ivm~j mvjøvjøvû el©c~wZ©
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi Ici Ac©Y K‡i‡Qb| ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjøvg hvKv‡Zi weavb we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges gymwjg mgv‡R hvKvZ †h‡nZz Drcv`bkxj m¤ú‡ì w`‡Z nq, ZvB Drcv`b I e„w×
Zv wKfv‡e ev¯Íevqb Kiv n‡e Zv †`wL‡q w`‡q †M‡Qb| ivm~‡j AvKivg wbY©‡qi Rb¨ GKwU gvb`Ê _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨, bM` UvKv,
mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi eY©bv I ev¯Íevq‡bi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv evwYwR¨K cY¨ I cvwjZ cïi †ÿ‡Î Drcv`b I e„w× wbY©‡qi Rb¨
†`L‡Z cvB, †gvU Qq cÖKv‡ii m¤ú` †_‡K hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z nq| †hŠw³K I êÁvwbK gvb`Ê n‡jv el©c~wZ©i wnmve| Avi dm‡ji †ÿ‡Î
cwicK¡ nIqv ev dmj KZ©b KivB n‡jv Gi Rb¨ el©c~wZ©|
K) †mvbv-iæcv L) bM` UvKv dm‡ji †ÿ‡Î Avjv`v †Kv‡bv el©c~wZ© ivLv nqwb, eis cwicK¡
M) eëmvwqK cY¨ N) PZz®ú` cï nIqv‡KB hvKvZ diR nIqvi Rb¨ gvb`Ê wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
O) dj I dmj P) LwbR m¤ú` dmj Qvov Ab¨ me m¤ú‡ì Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú` wbmve

cwigvY n‡Z n‡e Ges c~Y© GK Pv›`ªeQi (354 w`b) gvwjKvbvq _vK‡Z hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| †h‡nZz Pv›`ª eQi †_‡K †mŠieQi KL‡bv 10
n‡e| ev 11 w`b †ewk n‡q _v‡K| †m †ÿ‡Î Zvi hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi nvi n‡e
G wel‡q ivm~j Kvixg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg †_‡K AmsL¨ 2.57%|
nvw`m Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB| †hgbÑ Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi (iv:) e‡jb,
ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb : Bmjv‡gi weavb n‡jv eQi c~wZ© n‡jB wbmve cwigvY m¤ú` _vK‡j
wej¤^ bv K‡i Zv‡K hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw`
el©c~wZ©i Av‡MB hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j Bmjvg Zv‡K †m AbygwZI
Òhw` †KD †Kv‡bv m¤ú` jvf K‡i, Zvn‡j D³ m¤ú` Zvi gvwjKvbvq w`‡q‡Q| †hgbÑ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ wRjK` gvm‡K eQ‡ii ïiæ a‡i wnmve
GK eQi c~Y© bv n‡j hvKvZ diR n‡e bv|Ó Ki‡j cieZ©x eQ‡ii kvIqvj gv‡m Zvi eQi c~wZ© nq| wKš‘ †m hw`
(wZiwghx, wKZveyh hvKvZÑ nvw`m bs 631) igv`vb gv‡mi eiKZ jv‡fi Rb¨ GK gvm Av‡MB hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i
Zvn‡j kwiqZ Zv‡K †m Aby‡gv`b w`‡q‡Q|
Avevi Aci GKwU nvw`‡m G‡m‡Q, Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv e‡jb,
Avwg ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg‡K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ : †hgb nvw`‡m G‡m‡Q :
ÒGK eQi c~Y© nIqvi Av‡M †Kv‡bv m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ †bB|Ó

(Beby gvRvnÑ nvw`m bs 1792)
Avjx Beby Avex Zvwje ivw`qvjøvû Avbû †_‡K ewY©Z : AveŸvm
Gme nvw`m Ges mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi gZvg‡Zi wfwË‡Z D¤§vni me ivw`qvjøvû Avbû Zvi m¤ú‡ì el©c~wZ©i Av‡MB hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi e¨vcv‡i
Av‡jg GKgZ †h, dmj Qvov evwK me©cÖKvi m¤ú‡ì †ÿ‡Î el©c~wZ© ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡j wZwb Zv‡K G
kZ©| cÖwZ eQi Avgv‡ì GKeviB hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| G Rb¨ eQ‡ii e¨vcv‡i AbygwZ †`b| (wZiwghxÑ nvw`m bs 678, Avey `vD`Ñ nvw`m
GKwU ïiæi w`b ai‡Z n‡e Ges GKwU †k‡li w`b ai‡Z n‡e| eQ‡ii bs 1624, Beby gvRvnÑ nvw`m bs 1795)
†k‡li w`‡b wbmve cwigvY _vK‡j m¤ú‡ì cwigv‡bi Dci hvKvZ
w`‡Z n‡e|
eQ‡ii ïiæ‡Z wbmve cwigvY m¤ú` _vK‡j eQ‡ii gv‡S †mB m¤ú`
hw` IVvbvgv K‡i Ges eQi †k‡l Zv Avevi wbmve cwigvY †cuŠ‡Q hvq hvKvZ diR nIqvi kZ©mg~n
Zvn‡jI Zvi el©c~wZ© m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q weavq Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| hvKvZ Kvi Ici diR ev Kx Kx kZ© cvIqv †M‡j Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z
GLv‡b Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq jÿYxq, Avi Zv n‡jv el©c~wZ©i †ÿ‡Î n‡e, G e¨vcv‡i ivm~‡j Kwig mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi evYx Beby
Pv›`ªgvm wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` †mŠieQi wnmv‡e AveŸvm ivw`qvjøvû Avbû eY©bv K‡i‡Qb :
hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j Aek¨B Zv‡K AwZwi³ Av‡iv 10-11 w`‡bi

g‡Z bvev‡jM, BqvwZg I gvbwmKfv‡e weKviMÖ¯Í A_©vr cvM‡ji Ici
hvKvZ diR bq, †h‡nZz Zv‡ì Ici kiwq `vwqZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv hvq bv|
A_©vr kwiqZ cvj‡b Zviv eva¨ bq| ZvB Zv‡ì Ici kwiq‡Zi †Kv‡bv
wKQyB eZ©v‡e bv|
Aci w`‡K wZb Bgv‡gi (Bgvg kvwdqx, gvwjK I Avngv` Beby nv¤^j)
g‡Z, bvev‡jM I BqvwZ‡gi IciI hvKv‡Zi weavb eZ©v‡e, hw` Zviv
wbmve cwigvY m¤ú‡ì gvwjK nq Ges GK eQi Zv‡ì gvwjKvbvq
Òivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg gyqvh ivw`qvjøvû Avbû‡K Bqvgv‡b m¤ú` _v‡K| Avi G g‡Zi c‡ÿ¨ i‡q‡Qb wewkó mvnvwe Dgvi
†cÖi‡Yi mgq ej‡jb : Zzwg cÖ_‡g G mvÿ¨ †`qvi cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡e ivw`qvjøvû Avbû, Avjx ivw`qvjøvû Avbû, Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi I
†h, Avjøvn Qvov mZ¨ †Kv‡bv gvey` †bB Ges Avwg Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv| Zv‡ì `wjj n‡jv, ivm~‡j AvKivg
†cÖwiZ ivm~j| hw` Zviv G K_v †g‡b †bq Zvn‡j Zv‡ì‡K ej‡e †h, mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg gyqvR Beby Rvevj ivw`qvjøvû Avbû‡K
Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv †Zvgv‡ì Ici cÖ‡Z¨K w`b cuvP Iqv³ mvjvZ diR Bqvgv‡b †cÖi‡Yi mgq †h wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb †mLv‡b hvKv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î
K‡i‡Qb| hw` Zviv G K_v †g‡b †bq Zvn‡j Zv‡ì‡K ej‡e, Avjøvn wZwb mvaviYfv‡e mK‡ji wbKU †_‡K hvKvZ Av`v‡qi wb‡`©k
ZvÕAvjv †Zvgv‡ì Ici hvKvZ diR K‡i‡Qb| Zv †hb abx‡ì †_‡K w`‡qwQ‡jb| gyqvh Beby Rvevj ivw`qvjøvû Avbûi cÖwZ ivm~j mvjøvjøvû
wb‡q `wi`ª‡ì gv‡S eÈb Kiv nq|Ó AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi wb‡`©k wQj :
(eyLvixÑ nvw`m bs 1395, gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 19)
G nvw`mmn Av‡iv wKQy nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K Kx Kx kZ© cvIqv †M‡j Zv‡K ÒAvjøvn ZvÕAvjv †Zvgv‡ì Ici hvKvZ diR K‡i‡Qb| Zv †hb
hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e, G e¨vcv‡i Av‡jg‡ì e³e¨ n‡jv : abx‡ì †_‡K wb‡q `wi`ª‡ì gv‡S eÈb Kiv nq|Ó
K) gymwjg nIqv (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1395, gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 19)
L) ¯^vaxb nIqv
M) m¤ú‡ì Ici c~Y© gvwjKvbv _vKv Ab¨ Av‡iK nvw`‡m Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~‡j
N) wbmve c~Y© nIqv AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡jb :
O) el©c~wZ© nIqv
P) cÖvß eq¯‹ nIqv
Q) gvbwmK weKviMÖ¯Í bv nIqv (cvMj ev gvZvj bv nIqv) Ò†R‡b ivL! †h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv m¤ú`kvjx BqvwZ‡gi AwffveKZ¡ jvf
R) FYgy³ nIqv| Kij †m †hb D³ m¤ú` w`‡q eëmv K‡i| m¤ú`‡K Ajm †i‡L bv
Z‡e Dc‡iv³ k‡Z©i gv‡S ÔcÖvßeq¯‹ nIqvÕ I ÔgvbwmK weKviMÖ¯Í bv †`q, hv‡Z K‡i hvKvZ GB m¤ú` †L‡q bv †d‡j|Ó
nIqvÕ kZ© `yÕwU‡K Rgûi Djvgv ev` w`‡q‡Qb| Avi nvbvwd Av‡jg‡ì (wZiwghxÑ nvw`m bs 641)

Avevi Avãyi ingvb Beby Kvwmg eY©bv K‡ib : ¯^‡Y©i wbmv‡ei e¨vcv‡i Beby Dgvi I Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbûgv e‡jb:
Òbex Kwig mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg cÖ‡Z¨K wek w`bvi ev
Z‡ZvwaK †_‡K Aa© w`bvi hvKvZ MÖnY Ki‡Zb| Avi Pwjøk w`bvi †_‡K
GK w`bvi MÖnY Ki‡Zb|Ó (Beby gvRvnÑ nvw`m bs 1448)
ÒAv‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv Avwg I Avgvi GK fvB‡qi AwffveK
wQ‡jb (Df‡qB BqvwZg wQjvg), wZwb Avgv‡ì m¤ú` †_‡K hvKvZ †iŠ‡cï wbmv‡ei e¨vcv‡i Avjx ivw`qvjøvû Avbû e‡jb, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû
w`‡Zb|Ó (gyqvËv Bgvg gvwjKÑ nvw`m bs 1/251) AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :
Gme nvw`m I hyw³i Av‡jv‡K Rgûi Av‡jg‡ì gZ‡KB †ewk
kw³kvjx I †hŠw³K e‡j g‡b n‡q‡Q| ZvB GKwU diR Avg‡ji †ÿ‡Î
mZK©Zvi `„wó‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Rgûi Av‡jgMY I wewkó mvnvwe Dgvi
ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ †Nvov I `vm-`vmxi hvKvZ gvR©bv Kijvg| wKš‘
ivw`qvjøvû Avbû, Avjx ivw`qvjøvû Avbû, Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi ivw`qvjøvû
†iŠ‡cï Pwjøk fv‡Mi GK fvM Av`vq Ki‡e| A_©vr cÖ‡Z¨K Pwjøk wìnv‡g
Avbû I Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnvi gZ‡KB cÖvavb¨ †`qv hvq|
GK wìnvg hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó (Beby gvRvnÑ nvw`m bs 1447)
FY gyw³ Gfv‡e Av‡iv AmsL¨ mwnn nvw`‡mi gva¨‡g Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h,
†h m¤ú‡ì Ici hvKvZ Avewk¨K Zv FY †_‡K gy³ nIqv kZ©| FY ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg ¯^‡Y©i wbmve 20 ÔwgmKvjÕ ev 20
hw` †bmv‡ei AwZwi³ m¤ú‡ì mgcwigvY ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk nq, Zvi Ôw`bviÕ I †iŠ‡cï wbmve 5 ÔDwKqvnÕ ev 200 ÔwìnvgÕ wba©viY
Ici hvKvZ Avewk¨K n‡e bv| hvKvZ GKwU Avw_©K `vq, hv m¤ú‡` K‡i‡Qb| Avgv‡ì fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki dwKnM‡Yi dvZIqv
A‡bï AwaKviI e‡U| G‡ÿ‡Î AfveMÖ‡¯Íi AwaKv‡ii Ici Abyhvqx, ¯^‡Y©i wbmve 7.5 fwi/†Zvjv| †mB wnmv‡e 1 †Zvjv/fwi‡Z
cvIbv`v‡ii AwaKvi AMÖMY¨| FYxi nv‡Z gRy` bM` A_© g~jZ 11.664 MÖvg n‡j 7.5 †Zvjv/fwi‡Z 87.48 MÖvg nq|
cvIbv`vi‡ì, Zvi wb‡Ri bq| kixAv‡Zi `wjj-cÖgv‡Yi AšÍwb©wnZ †h‡nZz AvaywbK hy‡M gymwjg‡ì M‡elYv I Avgv‡ì †`kxq wnmve cÖvq
fveaviv I mvaviY bxwZgvjv †_‡K GUvB mve¨¯Í nq| KvQvKvwQ, ZvB mZK©Zvi ìæb Ges Mwie‡ì K_v wPšÍv K‡i ¯^‡Y©i
(Be‡b iæk`, we`vqvZzj gyRZvwn` c„ôv 238, AvaywbK †cÖÿvc‡U wbmve 85 MÖvg aiv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr ¯^‡Y©i wbmve 85 MÖvg ev 7.5
hvKv‡Zi weavb c„ôv 42) fwi‡Z 2.5% nv‡i hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| G †ÿ‡Î ¯^Y© hZ wbgœgv‡biB
†nvK bv †Kb ¯^‡Y©i g~‡jï †ÿ‡Î 18/22 K¨v‡i‡Ui ¯^‡Y©i g~j¨ a‡i
¯^Y© I †iŠ‡cï wbmve wnmve Kiv n‡e|
nvw`‡mi wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i †iŠ‡cï wbmve 200 wìnvg|
Avevi Avgv‡ì fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki dwKnM‡Yi dvZIqv Abyhvqx,
†iŠ‡cï wbmve 52.5 †Zvjv/fwi| G‡Z †iŠ‡cï wbmve nq (1 fwi
11.664 MÖvg n‡j) 612.36 MÖvg|

G †ÿ‡ÎI AvaywbK gymwjg‡ì M‡elYv I Avgv‡ì †`kxq wnmve cÖvq Avbû| G Qvov Beby Dgvi ivw`qvjøvû AvbûiI G c‡ÿ GKwU gZ
KvQvKvwQ nIqvq mZK©Zvg~jK Ges `wi`ª‡ì Kj¨vY‡K cÖavb¨ w`‡q i‡q‡Q| (Avj-gyMbx 3/41-42)|
†iŠ‡cï wbmve 600 MÖvg aiv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr †iŠ‡cï wbmve 600
MÖvg ev 52.5 †Zvjv/fwi‡Z 2.5% nv‡i hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| (evsjv‡`‡k Zviv `wjj wn‡m‡e Rvwei ivw`qvjøvû Avbûi m~‡Î ewY©Z GKwU nvw`m‡K
Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvM, W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyjøvn D‡jøL K‡ib, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :
Rvnv½xi; c„ôv bs 30-34)|
A_©vr †Kv‡bv gymwjg cyiæl ev gwnjvi wbKU hw` 85 MÖvg ev Zvi †P‡q
†ewk ¯^Y© _v‡K Ges GK Pv›`ªeQi AwZevwnZ nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K kZKiv ÒAj¼v‡ii g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv hvKvZ †bB|Ó
2.5 fvM hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| G Qvov mvnvwe‡ì GK`j e‡j‡Qb, ¯^Y© hw` eënvi Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z
GKBfv‡e hw` Kv‡iv wbKU 600 MÖvg ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk †iŠc¨ _v‡K Kiv nq Zvn‡j Zvi hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv, wKš‘ hw` Zv gy`ªv wn‡m‡e
Ges GK Pv›`ªeQi AwZevwnZ nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡KI kZKiv 2.5 fvM eënvi Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq Zvn‡j Aek¨B hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
wnmv‡e hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. GKevi hvKvZ †`qv
eënvwiK ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ Bgvg gvwjK Beby Avbv‡mi Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gZ n‡jv eëüZ ¯^‡Y©i
hvKvZ ïay GK eQi w`‡jB Zv Av`vq n‡q hv‡e|
Aj¼vi ev eënvwiK ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ m¤ú‡K© Avn‡j Bjg ev Bgvg‡ì Z‡e hviv Rvwei ivw`qvjøvû Avbû †_‡K ewY©Z nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K e‡jb
g‡a¨ 3wU gZ i‡q‡Q| †h, eëüZ ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv, Zv‡ì D³ nvw`‡mi e¨vcv‡i
gynvwÏmMY Pzj‡Piv we‡kølY K‡i‡Qb|
1. eënvwiK ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ †`qv IqvwRe ZvB †KD †KD e‡j‡Qb, D³ K_vwU ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv
hviv eënvwiK ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ †`qv IqvwRe e‡j‡Qb Zv‡ì g‡a¨ mvjøv‡gi bv‡g Pvwj‡q †`qv GKwU ev‡bvqvU K_v| Dw³wUi e¨vcv‡i
i‡q‡QbÑ Beby Dgvi, Beby AveŸvm, Beby gvmD`, Avãyjøvn Beby Avgi weL¨vZ nvw`m wekvi`MY we‡kl K‡i Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx, Bgvg
Bewbj AvÕm, mvC` Bebyj gymvBwqe, mvC` Beby hyevBi, AvZv, evBnvKx Ges Ebwesk kZ‡Ki †kÖô gynvwÏm bvwmi DÏxb Avjevbxmn
gyRvwn`, Avãyjøvn Beby kvÏv`, Rvwei Beby hvwq`, Beby wmixb, gvBgyb AmsL¨ nvw`‡mi cwÊZMY Rvj ev ev‡bvqvU e‡j‡Qb| A‡b‡K Avevi
Beby gvnivb, Beby wknve hynix, mywdqvb mvIix Ges nvbvwd gvRnv‡ei GUv‡K Rvwei ivw`qvjøvû Avbûi GKvšÍ wbR¯^ gZ e‡j D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|
BgvgMY| (Avj-gyMbx 3/42)| wKš‘ G e¨vcv‡iI nvw`m wekvi`MY mb‡ì ÎæwUi K_v D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|
hv †nvK, D³ nvw`mwU mwVK n‡jI Zv MÖnYxq bq, Gi wecix‡Z ivm~j
2. eënvwiK ¯^Y© ev Aj¼v‡ii hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi K_v, Avgj, mvnvwe‡ì Avgj
hviv e‡j‡Qb eënvwiK ¯^Y© ev Aj¼v‡ii hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv Zv‡ì G‡Kev‡iB ¯úó|
g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb Rvwei, Avbvm, Av‡qkv, Avmgv, Kvwmg, kvÕex, K¡vZv`vn, KziAvb I nvw`‡m Aj¼v‡ii hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges G
gynv¤§v` Beby Avjx, Avgivn, gvwjK, kvdx Ges Avey DevB` ivw`qvjøvû †ÿ‡Î eëüZ ev AeëüZ Gme wKQzB ejv nqwb| eis eëüZ ¯^Y© ev

†iŠ‡cï Z_v Aj¼v‡ii hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e, G e¨vcv‡i ¯úó nvw`m mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Avgj I BRgvi gva¨‡g eëüZ Aj¼vi Z_v ¯^Y© I
we`¨gvb| †hgbÑ nvw`‡m G‡m‡Q : †iŠ‡cï hvKvZ cÖgvwYZ Ges wbmve cwigvY n‡j Zvi Ici hvKvZ
cÖ`vb Kiv diR| Z‡e g~jëvb †Kvb cv_i ev WvqgÛ Aj¼vi wn‡m‡e
eënvi Ki‡j Zv‡Z hvKvZ Avm‡e bv| wKš‘ G¸‡jv eëmvi Rb¨ n‡j
Ges wbmve cwigvY n‡j hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avevi Kv‡iv wbKU hw` wKQz cwigvY UvKv, Aí ¯^Y© I Aí wKQz †iŠc¨
ÒD¤§y mvjvgvn ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv ¯^‡Y©i wKQy wis ci‡Zb| wZwb ivm~j _v‡K †h¸‡jv Avjv`vfv‡e wbmve cwigvY nq bv, wKš‘ UvKv, ¯^Y© I
mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg‡K cÖkœ Ki‡jb, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! G¸‡jv †iŠc¨ GKwÎZ Ki‡j Zv Avevi wbmve cwigv‡Y †cuŠ‡Q hvq| GgZve¯Ívq
wK Kvbh (KziAv‡b ewY©Z wbw›`Z Mw”QZ gvj) wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e? ivm~j GLv‡b `ywU gZ cvIqv hvq :
mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg DË‡i ej‡jb : Zzwg hw` Gi hvKvZ
cÖ`vb K‡iv Zvn‡j Zv Kvbh wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e bv|Ó cÖ_g gZ : hw` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q Ggb wKQz UvKv, ¯^Y© I †iŠc¨ _v‡K ev
(Avey `vD`Ñ nvw`m bs 1564, gymZvìvK wjj nvwKgÑ nvw`m bs 390) evwYwR¨K †Kv‡bv cY¨ _v‡K †h¸‡jv Avjv`vfv‡e wnmve Ki‡j hvKv‡Zi
wbmve cwigvY nq bv| wKš‘ GKwÎZ Ki‡j wbmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j
Aci Av‡iKwU nvw`‡m Av‡qkv ivw`qvjøvû Avbnv e‡jb : Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv| KviY, hvKvZ dih nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K
m¤ú` Avjv`vfv‡e wbmve cwigvY nIqv kZ©| G Rb¨ hvKvZ Av`v‡qi
Rb¨ m¤ú`‡K GKwÎZ Kiv hv‡e bv| G gZ †cvlb K‡i‡Qb Bgvg
kvwdqx I Bgvg Avngv` Beby nv¤^vj Ges Zv‡ì wKQz Abymvix|
Ebwesk kZ‡Ki †kÖô gynvwÏm bvwmi DÏxb Avjevbx I Deby
DmvBgxbI GB g‡Zi c‡ÿ| Avbvm Beby gvwjK e‡jb :
ÒGK`v ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg Avgvi wbKU G‡m Avgvi
nv‡Z K‡qKwU iæcvi AvswU †`‡L e‡jb : †n Av‡qkv G¸‡jv Kx? Avwg
ejjvg : †n Avjøvni ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg! Avcbvi ÒAvey eKi ivw`qvjøvû Avbû Zv‡K hvKv‡Zi dih weavb wj‡L
D‡Ï‡k¨ mvRm¾vi Rb¨ Avwg G¸‡jv evwb‡qwQ| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb : w`‡qwQ‡jb hv bex Kixg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg KZ©„K wbw`©ó
Zzwg wK G¸‡jvi hvKvZ `vI? Avwg ejjvg : bv, A_ev Avjøvn hv B”Qv wQj| †mLv‡b GwUI wQj †h, hvKv‡Zi f‡q Avjv`v m¤ú`‡K GKwÎZ
K‡ib| G K_v ï‡b wZwb ej‡jb : †Zvgvi Rvnvbœv‡g hvIqvi Rb¨ GwUB Kiv Ges GKwÎZ m¤ú`‡K c„_K Kiv wbwl×|Ó
h‡_ó|Ó (Avey `vD`Ñ nvw`m bs 1565) (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1450)
Gme nvw`m, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi Avgj Ges wØZxq gZ : Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gZ n‡”Q, hw` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q ïaygvÎ

Ggb wKQz ¯^Y© I †iŠc¨ (¯^Y© I †iŠc¨ Qvov hvKvZ‡hvM¨ Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú` †ÿ‡Î mZK©Zv Aej¤^b KivB cÖK…Z Ávbxi KvR| Z‡e A‡b‡K g‡b
G †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq) _v‡K, †h¸‡jv Avjv`vfv‡e wnmve Ki‡j hvKv‡Zi K‡ib, †iŠc¨ GLb Zvi g~j¨gvb nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q| myZivs †mvbvi g~‡jï
wbmve cwigvY nq bv| wKš‘ GKwÎZ Ki‡j wbmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j wnmve K‡iB hvKv‡Zi wbmve wVK Kiv n‡e|
Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| Avi GB g‡Zi c‡ÿ HKgZ¨ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb
Bgvg Avhg Avey nvwbdv I Bgvg gvwjK Beby Avbvm| Zviv cÖ_g c‡ÿi evwYwR¨K c‡Yï hvKvZ
†ckK…Z nvw`‡mi e¨vcv‡i e‡j‡Qb, D³ nvw`mwU ïaygvÎ M„ncvwjZ
cïi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| ¯^Y© I †iŠ‡cï †ÿ‡Î Zv cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| Avi evwYwR¨K c‡Yï hvKv‡Zi wbmve wba©vi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎI GKB K_v
GLv‡b wØZxq gZ‡KB †ewk †hŠw³K g‡b Kiv hvq| Avi hvKvZ cÖ`vb cÖ‡hvR¨| Z‡e evwYwR¨K c‡Yï hvKv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î g~jab I jf¨vsk
Kiv †h‡nZz GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© dih Bev`vZ| GRb¨ dih Bev`v‡Zi Df‡qi wnmve GKwÎZ K‡i hvKv‡Zi wbmve wba©vwiZ n‡e, ïay
†ÿ‡Î mZK©Zvi w`‡K jÿ¨ †i‡L wØZxq g‡Zi c‡ÿ †Rviv‡jv ivq †`qv jf¨vs‡ki wnmve Ki‡j n‡e bv|
†h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e AwaK mwVKZvi e¨vcv‡i AvjøvnB fv‡jv Rv‡bb| Avevi g~ja‡bi †h UvKv¸‡jv †Kej Drcv`b ev †Kbv-†ePvq wb‡qvwRZ
ïay ZviB wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e| A_©vr †`vKvb wbg©vY, AvmevecÎ,
bM` UvKvi hvKvZ cwien‡bi Rb¨ Mvwo ev †gwkb BZ¨vw` wKb‡Z †h UvKv e¨q n‡e Zvi
Kv‡iv wbKU bM` UvKv _vK‡j hvKvZ Av`v‡qi †ÿ‡Î ¯^Y© ev †iŠc¨‡KB hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e bv| KviY ivm~‡j AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
g~j¨gvb a‡i wnmve K‡i Zvi hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| ivm~j mvjøvjøvû Iqv mvjøvg ïaygvÎ †Kbv-†ePvq wb‡qvwRZ UvKvi hvKvZ w`‡Z e‡j‡Qb|
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi hyM †_‡K cieZ©x K‡qK hyM 85 MÖvg (7.5 fwi) G wel‡q mvgyiv Beby Ryb`ye ivw`qvjøvû Avbû †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb:
¯^Y© I 600 MÖvg (52.5 fwi) †iŠ‡cï g~j¨ cÖvq mgvbB wQj| Zvici
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i eZ©gvb ch©šÍ Df‡qi g~‡jï gv‡S A‡bK cv_©K¨ m„wó
n‡q‡Q|
AvaywbK hy‡M A_©bxwZwe`MY AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^Y©‡KB gy`ªvi gvb`Ê
wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb| GRb¨ AvaywbK Av‡jg‡ì †KD †KD bM` ÒAvgiv †Kbv-†ePvi Rb¨ †h cY¨ cÖ¯‘Z KiZvg ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
UvKvi †ÿ‡Î hvKv‡Zi wbmve wn‡m‡e ¯^Y©‡KB gvb`Ê wnmv‡e MÖnY Kivi Iqv mvjøvg †mUvi hvKvZ †`qvi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb|Ó
c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Qb| Z‡e bex Kwig mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg I (Avey `vD`Ñ nvw`m bs 1562)
mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi hyM‡K AbymiY Ki‡Z wM‡q Bgvg, dwKn I
DjvgvMY bM` UvKvi †ÿ‡Î hvKv‡Zi wbmve wn‡m‡e ¯^Y© I †iŠ‡cï A_©vr ïaygvÎ Drcv`‡b wb‡qvwRZ g~jab I Zvi jf¨vs‡ki hvKvZ w`‡Z
gv‡S hvi g~j¨ Kg n‡e †mwU‡KB wbmv‡ei g~j¨gvb wba©viY K‡i‡Qb| n‡e|
(evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ ¸iæZ¡ cÖ‡qvM, c„:34)| Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvmqvjv, Avi Zv n‡jv A‡b‡Ki †hŠ_ gvwjKvbvq
eZ©gvb evRv‡i †iŠ‡cï g~j¨ Kg nIqvq †iŠc¨‡KB bM` UvKvi †ÿ‡Î eëmv ev wkícÖwZôvb A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb Av‡Q, Zv‡ì
wbmv‡ei gvb`Ê wnmv‡e MÖnY Kivi c‡ÿ gZ cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| hvKvZ Zviv wKfv‡e wnmve K‡i Av`vq Ki‡e? GLv‡b kwiq‡Zi e³e¨
Avi †h‡nZz GwU GKwU diR Bev`Z, ZvB Avek¨Kxq Bev`vZ cvj‡bi n‡jv, Ggb Avw_©K cÖwZôvb hv GKvwaK e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq P‡j, †mLv‡b

g~jZ hvKvZ cÖwZôvb ev †Kv¤úvwbi Ic‡i eZ©v‡e bv, eis Zv gvwj‡Ki hvKvZ `yÕwUi D‡Ïk¨ wfbœ; U¨v‡·i gva¨‡g AvnwiZ UvKv iv‡óªi
Ic‡iB eZ©v‡e| †mLv‡b hw` †Kv¤úvwbi Ggb wKQy gvwjK _v‡K, hv‡ì Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡R eëüZ nq| wKš‘ hvKvZ Avj-KziAv‡b ewY©Z 8wU
†Kv¤úvwb‡Z †kqvi GZ Kg †h, e¨w³MZfv‡e wnmve Ki‡j Zv hvKv‡Zi Lv‡Z e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e|
wbmve cwigvY n‡e bv, wKš‘ cy‡iv †Kv¤úvwb ev cÖwZôv‡bi Ici wnmve
Ki‡j Zv wbmv‡ei cwigvY ev †ewk nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K hvKvZ cÖ`vb F‡Yi hvKvZ
Ki‡Z n‡e bv| †hgbÑ Avbvm Beby gvwjK ivwnqvjøvû ZvAvjv Avbû
e‡j‡Qb : K. e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y FY
1. FY MÖnxZvi hvKvZ : e¨w³MZ / cvwievwiK Li‡Pi (†hgb-
†Q‡j/†g‡qi we‡qi LiP / ¯‹zj / wek^we`¨vj‡q fwZ©i LiP / wPwKrmvi
LiP BZ¨vw`) wbwg‡Ë †KD hw` FY MÖnY K‡ib Ges wZwb mv‡n‡e wbmve
nb Zvn‡j Zvi hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú` †_‡K FY ev` w`‡q hvKvZ wnmve
ÒAvey eKi ivw`qvjøvû Avbû Zv‡K hvKv‡Zi diR weavb wj‡L Ki‡Z n‡e| D‡jøL¨ †h, FY cwi‡kv‡ai Iqv`v hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi el©c~wZ©i
w`‡qwQ‡jb, hv bex Kwig mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg diR Av‡M n‡j Av‡M FY cwi‡kva Kiv dih| Zvici Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú‡ì
K‡iwQ‡jb| Zv‡Z GUvI †jLv wQj †h, †hLv‡b mgvbfv‡e gvwjKvbv hvKv‡Zi wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †KD `xN©‡gqvw` FY †bq †hgbÑ
_vK‡e (m¤ú` wnmve Kivi ci) †mLv‡b `yB Askx`vi †hb mgvb K‡i cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ A_ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K hv cÖwZ eQi wKw¯Í‡Z
fvM K‡i †bq|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1451) cwi‡kva‡hvM¨, G †ÿ‡Î FY MÖnxZv Zvi hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú‡ì wnmve
†_‡K Acwi‡kvwaZ (e‡Kqv) FY ev` w`‡q wnmve Ki‡eb|
wewkó Bgvg mywdqvb Avm&-mvIix GKB gZ cÖKvk K‡i mwnn eyLvwii 2. FY `vZvi hvKvZ : †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Aci †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K FY w`‡j
e¨vL¨vq e‡jb : eQic~wZ©i c~‡e©B hw` †mB F‡Yi UvKv cvIqvi wbðqZv _v‡K, Zvn‡j
†mB UvKv Zvi n¯ÍMZ UvKv e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e Ges wbmv‡ei †ÿ‡Î Zv
bM` UvKvi mv‡_ hy³ n‡e| d‡j Zvi F‡Yi UvKv I bM` UvKv GKwÎZ
ÒhZÿY ch©šÍ wbmve c~Y© bv n‡e hvKvZ diR n‡e bv|Ó K‡i wbmve cwigvY n‡j hvKvZ w`‡e| Avi hw` F‡Yi UvKv KLb cvIqv
(eyLvwi, ZvÕjxKvZ, wKZveyh hvKvZ, Aa¨vq 25/34) hv‡e Zvi wbðqZv bv cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j †h eQi Zvi F‡Yi UvKv
cvIqv hv‡e, †mB eQi Zvi bM` UvKvi mv‡_ F‡Yi UvKvi wnmve Ki‡Z
Avevi A‡bK mgq ivóª RbM‡Yi Ici Ki Av‡ivc K‡i _v‡K| A‡b‡K n‡e|
g‡b K‡i, ivóª KZ…©K RbM‡Yi Ici Ki ev U¨v· Av‡ivc Ki‡j hvKvZ Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi ivw`qvjøvû Avbûgv e‡jb :
w`‡Z n‡e bv| GUv m¤ú~Y© fyj aviYv, KviY K‡ii mv‡_ hvKv‡Zi
†Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| Ki Av‡ivwcZ nq miKvi KZ…©K Avi hvKvZ diR
nq gnvb Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K| myZivs Kv‡iv Ici Ki Av‡ivwcZ n‡jI ÒAvcbvi †h me FY †diZ cvIqvi cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Qb, eQic~wZ©‡Z
hvKvZ diR _vK‡e, hw` hvKv‡Zi kZ©mg~n cvIqv hvq| Ki Av`vq I Avcbvi Dci Zvi hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡eÓ| (Avj-AvgIqvj 1/527)

Ggwb Av‡iv GKwU gZ, hv Avãyjøvn Beby AveŸvm I Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi A_ev evRvig~‡jï Ici hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| G e¨vcv‡i hvKvZ`vZv
ivw`qvjøvû Avbûg †_‡K ewY©Z, Zviv e‡jb : wb‡R wm×všÍ †b‡eb|
M. eÛ, cÖvBR eÛ I BDwbU mvwU©wd‡KU : eÛ, cÖvBR eÛ I BDwbU

Ò†h e¨w³ KvD‡K FY cÖ`vb Ki‡jv Ges †m Zv †diZ cv‡e e‡j mvwU©wd‡K‡Ui Ici wbmve cwigvY n‡j 2.5% hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
wbwðZ, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci F‡Yi hvKvZ †Ìqv Avek¨KÓ| Zv‡ì †dmf¨vjyi (1983 mv‡ji evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii hvKvZ †ev‡W©i
(Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv wjj evBnvKxÑ nvw`m bs 4/252) wm×všÍ †gvZv‡eK) A_ev evRvig~‡jï Ici hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
L. eëmvwqK / wkí KviLvbvi cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y FY
1. eëmvwqK gvj (†hgbÑ †`vKv‡b Kvco / Jla / hš¿cvwZ / Pvj / cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ, MÖvPzBwU, PvKwii mv‡_
Mg / gywì gvj BZ¨vw`) Ges wkí KviLvbvi Rb¨ KuvPvgvj evwK‡Z µq m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ RgvK…Z dv‡Ûi hvKvZ
Ki‡j FY MÖnxZvi hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú` †_‡K evKx F‡Yi cwigvY ev`
w`‡Z n‡e| G ai‡bi dv‡Ûi UvKv wb‡Ri Avq‡Ë bv Avmv ch©šÍ hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z
2. wkí KviLvbv / eëmvwqK cÖwZôvb / e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvR‡b hw` ¯’vqx n‡e bv| (nvwKgyj D¤§Z gvIjvbv Avkivd Avjx _vbex in:, gydZx kdx
m¤ú‡ì (†gwkb, evox, hvbevnb, AvmevecÎ BZ¨vw`) Rb¨ FY †bqv in: cÖgyL Ijvgv‡ì gZ, AvaywbK †cÖÿvc‡U hvKv‡Zi weavb, evsjv‡`k
n‡j Zv hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú‡ì wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ MY¨ n‡e bv| G¸‡jv ev` BmjvwgK jÕwiPvR© A¨vÛ wjM¨vj GBW †m›Uvi, c„ôv bs-61)
w`‡q hvKvZ wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. eëmvqx / wkí gvwjK evwK‡Z †h cY¨ wewµ K‡i‡Qb Zv hw` `xN© exgvi Ici hvKvZ
†gqv`x nq, Zvn‡j hLb Zv n¯ÍMZ n‡e ZLb Zv hvKvZfz³ n‡e|
kwiqvn wfwËK exgvi mÂqK…Z A_© exgvK…Z e¨w³i nv‡Z bv Avmvi AvM
e¨vs‡K Rgv I Avw_©K BÝUªy‡g‡›U ch©šÍ hvKvZ Avm‡e bv|
wewb‡qv‡Mi Ici hvKvZ
hvKvZ Kx w`‡q Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e
K. e¨vs‡K Rgv UvKv : e¨vs‡K †gvU Rgv UvKv (†mwfsm/Kv‡i›U I
Bmjvg hvKv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i mKj welq mywbcyYfv‡e eY©bv K‡i w`‡q‡Q|
wewfbœ w¯‹g, wWwcGm BZ¨vw`) wbmve cwigvY n‡j 2.5% hvKvZ w`‡Z
ZvB †h †KD hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î hv‡”QZvB c×wZ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z
n‡e|
cv‡i bv| wKš‘ Avgv‡ì mgv‡R Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB, hvKvZ cÖ`vbKvix
L. †kqvi I FYcÎ : hviv †kqvi/FYcÎ eëmvi D‡Ï‡k¨ A_© Zvi B‡”Qg‡Zv cY¨ (jyw½, MvgQv, kvwo BZ¨vw`) w`‡q `wi`ª‡ì nK
wewb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb Zvi evRvig~‡jï Ici 2.5% hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| Av`vq Ki‡Q| m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ mvaviYZ A_©/UvKvi gva¨‡gB Av`vq
hviv jf¨vsk cvIqvi Rb¨ †kqvi µq K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡ì †dmf¨vjyi Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY hvKvZMÖnxZvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †KejB kvwo, jyw½,
(1983 mv‡ji evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii hvKvZ †ev‡W©i wm×všÍ †gvZv‡eK) MvgQv, Pvj-Wvj BZ¨vw` c‡Yï g‡a¨ mxgve× bq| d‡j hvKvZMÖnxZv

†hb Zvi cÖvavb¨cÖvß cÖ‡qvRbxqZv c~Y© Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ A_©/UvKvi D³ AvqvZ I nvw`m my¯úófv‡e cÖgvY K‡i, hvKvZ wn‡m‡e abx‡ì
gva¨‡g hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv †kÖq| wbKU †_‡K hv MÖnY Kiv n‡e `wi`ª‡ì gv‡S Zv-B weZiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avevi A‡_©i gva¨‡g Dk‡ii hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡jI hvKvZ Av`vq n‡e
†hgbÑ Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi evYx : e‡j Av‡jg‡ì GK`j gZ cÖKvk K‡ib|
cvwjZ cïi wbmve

ÒGes Zv‡ì (abx‡ì) m¤ú‡` hvPbvKvix I ewÂZ †jvK‡ì Rb¨
mycÖwZwôZ AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|Ó (m~iv hvwiqvZ : AvqvZ-19) †hme cï PviYf‚wg‡Z Nvm †L‡q jvwjZ-cvwjZ nq, gvwjK‡K Nvm ev
Lvev‡ii eë¯’v Ki‡Z nq bv †mme cÖvYx‡K ejv nq ÔmvwqgvÕ| kwiq‡Z
Dc‡iv³ Avqv‡Z Kvwigv †_‡K GUvB cÖgvwYZ nq, hvKvZ abx‡ì g~jZ GB mvwqgv bvgK cÖvYxi †ÿ‡ÎB hvKv‡Zi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Avi
m¤ú‡` Mwie‡ì AwaKvi| myZivs Zviv Zv‡ì AwaKvi Kx w`‡q Av`vq nvw`‡m †gvU 3 cÖKvi cÖvYx‡K hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi cÖvYx wn‡m‡e D‡jøL Kiv
Ki‡j me‡P‡q †ewk DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i, †mUvB n‡jv cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ gZ| n‡q‡Q|
†h‡nZz c‡Yï †P‡q A_©/UvKvi gva¨‡g `wi`ªiv †ewk DcKvi †c‡Z cÖ_g cÖKvi : QvMj, †fov, `y¤^v BZ¨vw`|
cv‡i, ZvB A_©/UvKvi gva¨‡g hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv †kÖq| wØZxq cÖKvi : Miæ, gwnl
Z‡e K…wlRvZ Drcvw`Z c‡Yï hvKvZ (Dki) Drcvw`Z c‡Yï Z…Zxq cÖKvi : DU
gva¨‡gB Av`vq Kiv DËg| GB wZb cÖKvi cÖvYxi hvKvZ 2wU k‡Z© diR n‡e|
Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv e‡jb :
cÖ_g kZ©
mviv eQi ev eQ‡ii AwaKvsk mgq gv‡V-Nv‡V †L‡q jvwjZ-cvwjZ n‡Z
n‡e| †Luvqv‡o, Lvgv‡i ev †Mvqv‡j Ave× †i‡L Zv‡K Nvm †K‡U w`‡q
ÒGes dm‡ji hvKvZ cwi‡kva K‡iv Zv N‡i †Zvjvi w`b|Ó
hw` cvjb Kiv nq Zvn‡j hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv| A_©vr †hme Mevw` cï
(m~iv AvbÕAvg : AvqvZ-141)
m¤ú~Y© gvwj‡Ki Li‡P cvwjZ nq A_ev e¨w³MZ eënv‡ii Rb¨ cvjv
nq Zv msL¨vq hZB †nvK bv †Kb, G‡Z †Kv‡bv hvKvZ diR n‡e bv|
Aci GKwU nvw`‡m Avgiv cvB †h, ivm~‡j AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjøvg gyqvR Beby Rvevj ivw`qvjøvû Avbû‡K e‡jb : w`¦Zxq kZ©
cï¸‡jv‡K esk e„w×i Rb¨ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| A_©vr Gme cï ev”Pv
cÖme Ki‡e, `ya †`‡e, †gvUvZvRv n‡eÑ GB D‡Ï‡k¨ jvjb-cvjb
Ki‡Z n‡e|
ÒAvjøvn ZvÕAvjv †Zvgv‡ì Ici hvKvZ diR K‡i‡Qb| Zv †hb G `yÕwU kZ© cvIqv †M‡j Miæ, QvMj, †fov ev D‡Ui hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv
abx‡ì †_‡K wb‡q `wi`ª‡ì gv‡S eÈb Kiv nq|Ó diR n‡e|
(eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1395, gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 19)

we:`ª: †Kv‡bv cï hw` eëmvi D‡Ï‡k¨ cvjb Kiv nq Zvn‡j Zv Gici cÖwZ `‡k ZvexÕ (1 eQ‡ii 1wU †Mverm) †_‡K gywmbœv‡Z (2
eëmvwqK ev evwYwR¨K cY¨ wn‡m‡e hvKvZ w`‡e| †hgbÑ A‡b‡K `y» eQ‡ii 1wU †Mverm) Ges gywmbœv †_‡K ZvexÕ-G ûKzg AvewZ©Z n‡Z
Drcv`b ev myweav mg‡q †e‡P †`qv A_ev dvg© ev eëmvwqK D‡Ï‡k¨ _vK‡e|
cïi Lvgvi K‡i _v‡K| Gme †ÿ‡Î G¸‡jv evwYwR¨K cY¨ wn‡m‡e MY¨
D‡Ui hvKv‡Zi cwigvY
Ki‡Z n‡e| µ/bs D‡Ui msL¨v hvKv‡Zi cwigvY
QvM‡ji hvKv‡Zi cwigvY 1. 1 †_‡K 4wU DU hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq
µ/bs QvM‡ji hvKvZ cwigvY 2. 5 †_‡K 9wU DU 1wU QvMx
1. 1 †_‡K 39wU hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq 3. 10 †_‡K 14wU DU 2wU QvMx
2. 40 †_‡K 120wU 1wU QvMx 4. 15 †_‡K 19 wU DU 3wU QvMx
3. 121 †_‡K 200wU 2wU QvMx 5. 20 †_‡K 24wU DU 4wU QvMx
4. 201 †_‡K 399wU 3wU QvMx 6. 25 †_‡K 35wU DU 1wU web‡Z gvLvh
5. 400 †_‡K 499wU 4wU QvMx 7. 36wU †_‡K 45wU DU 1wU web‡Z jveyb
6. 500 †_‡K 599wU 5wU QvMx 8. 46wU †_‡K 60wU DU 1wU wn°v
9. 61wU †_‡K 75wU DU 1wU RvhÕAv
QK †`‡L Avgiv eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, 40wUi Kg n‡j †Kvb hvKvZ n‡e 10. 76wU †_‡K 90wU DU 2wU web‡Z jveyb
bv| Avevi QvM‡ji msL¨v 500-Gi Dc‡i †M‡j cÖwZ kÕ-Gi Rb¨ 11. 91wU †_‡K 120wU DU 2wU wn°v
1wU K‡i QvMx hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| (wZiwghxÑ nvw`m bs 50)
120 †_‡K cÖwZ 40wU D‡Ui Rb¨ 1wU web‡Z jveyb Ges cÖwZ 50wUi
Miæ / gwn‡li hvKv‡Zi cwigvY Rb¨ 1wU wn°vn hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1454)
µ/bs cïi msL¨v hvKv‡Zi cwigvY
1. 1 †_‡K 29wU hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq
2. 30 †_‡K 39wU 1wU ZvweÕ ev ZvweAvn (1 eQ‡ii Miæ/gwnl/lvo)
LwbR ev gvwUi Zjvq †cÖvw_Z m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ
3. 40 †_‡K 59wU 1wU gywmbœvn (2-eQ‡ii Miæ/gwnl/lvo) mvaviYZ f~M‡f© †cÖvw_Z †Kv‡bv m¤ú`‡K ¸ßab ejv n‡q _v‡K|
4. 60 †_‡K 69wU 2 wU ZvweÕ / ZvweÕAvn (1 eQ‡ii 2wU Miæ/gwnl/lvo) †hgbÑ ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨, wmmv, wcZj ev †h‡Kv‡bv cÖZœZvwË¡K g~jëvb e¯‘
5. 70 †_‡K 79wU 1wU ZvexÕ I 1wU gywmbœ A‡bK eQi Av‡M gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z ivLv n‡qwQj| Avevi A‡b‡K wb‡Ri
6. 80 †_‡K 89wU 2wU gywmbœv Rwg ev Ni A_ev K‚c Lbb Ki‡Z wM‡q hw` G ai‡bi †Kv‡bv e¯‘ cvq,
Zvn‡j †mUvI Ô†cÖvw_Z m¤ú`Õ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e| G e¨vcv‡i Avgi
7. 90 †_‡K 99wU 3wU ZvexÕ
Beby ïqvBe ivw`qvjøvû Avbû †_‡K GKwU nvw`‡m ivm~‡j AvKivg
8. 100wUi 2wU ZvexÕ I 1wU gywmbœv mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :

Kiv Avek¨K|
M) Av`vq Kiv I e¨q Kivi `vwqZ¡ miKv‡ii|
N) cuvP fv‡Mi GK fvM hvKvZ †`qvi ci Aci Pvi fvM cÖvc‡Ki Rb¨
wba©vwiZ _vK‡e|
O) wiKv‡h hvKvZ diR nIqvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv wbmve †bB|
Ò†Kv‡bv gvbyl †Kv‡bv m¤ú` aŸsm¯—‚‡c †c‡j †m cÖm‡½ ivm~j mvjøvjøvû P) ¸ßa‡bi m¤ú` hvKv‡Zi 8wU Lv‡Zi evB‡i e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e|
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡jb : hw` †Zvgiv Zv †Kv‡bv RbemwZ ¯’v‡b cvI
we: `ª: eZ©gv‡b wek¦e¨cx †h‡nZz ¸ßa‡bi AwaKvi e¨w³gvwjKvbvq _v‡K
Zvn‡j Zv cÖPvi K‡i †jvK‡ì‡K Rvwb‡q `vI, Avi hw` †Kv‡bv
bv, miKv‡ii GK”QÎ gvwjKvbvq P‡j hvq, ZvB ¸ßa‡bi me gvmqvjv
Rbgvbek~b¨ ¯’v‡b A_©vr aŸsm¯—‚‡c cvI Zvn‡j Zv‡ZI wiKvh (¸ßab)
GLb Avi cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv, eis miKvi Zvi wbR¯^ m¤úwË wn‡m‡e
wn‡m‡e cuvP fv‡Mi GK fvM hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|Ó
†hfv‡e B”Qv e¨q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
(gymbv`y kvwdqxÑ nvw`m bs 673)
G nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K Djvgv‡q wKivgMY ¸ßab nIqvi Rb¨ Rv‡nwj

†hme m¤ú‡ì Ici hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq
hy‡M ev Zvi Av‡M cyu‡Z ivL‡Z n‡e, G ai‡bi kZ© Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb| wb‡gœv³ m¤ú‡ì Ici hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv :
G †ÿ‡Î Avgv‡ì Av‡iv wKQy welq AewnZ nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| K. eënvh© Rwg;
K. ¸ßab †ei Ki‡Z A_© e¨q n‡j Zv Avi ¸ßab _v‡K bv, eis Zv L. †`vKvb, KviLvbv, ¸`vg I Gi AvmevecÎ;
mvaviY m¤ú` n‡q hvq Ges mvaviY m¤ú‡ì g‡Zv Zvi hvKvZ M. emev‡mi Nievwo;
w`‡Z nq| N. GK eQ‡ii Kg eqmx Mevw` cï;
L. hw` †Kv‡bvfv‡e Rvbv hvq †h, ¸ßab Rv‡nwj hy‡Mi ci, A_©vr O. eënv‡ii †cvkvK;
Bmjvg weKwkZ nIqvi ci cuy‡Z ivLv n‡qwQj, Zvn‡j Zv ¸ßab P. Aa¨q‡bi eBcÎ, LvZv I Ab¨vb¨ miÄvg;
e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv, eis Zv Kzwo‡q cvIqv m¤ú` e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| Q. M„n¯’vwji ˆZRmcÎ I Awd‡mi AvmevecÎ;
GLv‡b cÖkœ n‡”Q, hw` †KD ¸ßab cvq Zvn‡j Zv‡K Kx cwigvY R. M„ncvwjZ nuvm-gyiwM I cvwL;
hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| G e¨vcv‡i Avey ûivBiv ivw`qvjøvû Avbû S. PjvP‡ji Rš‘ I Mvwo;
e‡j‡Qb, bex Kwig mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡jb : T.hy×v¯¿ I miÄvg;
U. wbmve c~Y© nqwb Ggb hvKvZ‡hvM¨ m¤ú`;
ÒwiKvh ev gvwU‡Z cuy‡Z ivLv m¤ú‡` cuvP fv‡Mi GK fvM hvKvZ w`‡Z V. wbmve cwigvY A_P GK eQi c~Y© nqwb Ggb m¤ú`;
n‡e|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1499) W. `vZe¨ ms¯’vmg~‡ni gvwjKvbvaxb `vZe¨ Kv‡R IqvKdK…Z m¤úwË;
¸ßa‡bi †ÿ‡Î †hme welq Rvbv Riæwi X. eëmvi Rb¨ bq Ggb cyKz‡ii gvQ;
K) GK-cÂgvsk hvKvZ †`qv| Y. miKvwi m¤úwË| †Kbbv Gi gvwjKvbv abx-Mwie me RbMY;
L) gymwjg nIqv kZ© bq; eis gymwjg †`‡k emevmKvix n‡j Zv Av`vq Z. FY cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ RgvK…Z A_©|

ÒI‡n gywgbMY, †Zvgiv hv DcvR©b K‡iv Ges Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ †ÿZ
n‡Z hv Drcbœ K‡i w`B Zv †_‡K (hvKvZ wn‡m‡e) hv DrK…ó Zv e¨q
K‡iv, Ges Zvi wbK…ó e¯‘ e¨q Kivi m¼í K‡iv bv; A_P †ZvgivB †Zv
Zv MÖnY K‡iv bv, hw` bv †Zvgiv †PvL eÜ K‡i _v‡Kv| †Zvgiv †R‡b
iv‡Lv †h, Avjøvn Afvegy³ Ges LyeB cÖkswmZ|Ó
(m~iv evKvivn : AvqvZ-267)
Aci Avqv‡Z e‡jb :
ÒGes dm‡ji hvKvZ cwi‡kva K‡iv Zv N‡i †Zvjvi w`b|Ó

(m~iv AvbÕAvg : AvqvZ-141)
Dki‡hvM¨ dj I dmj
wØZxq Aa¨vq †Kvb †Kvb dj ev dmj hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e, G e¨vcv‡i Av‡jg‡ì gv‡S
Dki gZwe‡iva i‡q‡Q| †KD †KD e‡j‡Qb, Rwg †_‡K hv-B Drcbœ †nvK bv
†Kb Zv †_‡K hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| GgbwK kvKmewR I †ewk w`b
msiÿY K‡i ivLv hvq bv, Ggb dj-dm‡jiI hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
ÔDkiÕ kãwU Aviwe| AvwfavwbK A_© ÔGK-`kgvskÕ n‡jI kãwU g~jZ Avjøvni evYx : ÒRwgb †_‡K Avwg hv †ei Kwi Zv †_‡K e¨q
dm‡ji hvKv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î eënvi Kiv nq| Avi †mPeë¯’vi Ici wbf©i K‡iv|ÓGes dm‡ji hvKvZ cwi‡kva K‡iv Zv N‡i †Zvjvi w`b|
K‡i djv‡bv dm‡ji hvKvZ‡K eySv‡Z Ôwbmdzj DkiÕ eënvi Kiv Zv‡ì g‡Zi c‡ÿ hyw³ wn‡m‡e Zz‡j a‡ib| G `yÕwU Avqv‡Zi Ici
nq| wbmdz Dki gv‡b Ik‡ii A‡a©K| m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv wfwË K‡i G g‡Zi c‡ÿ k³fv‡e Ae¯’vb MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Bgvg Avey
†hgb diR, †Zgwb dj-dm‡ji hvKvZ cÖ`vb KivI gnvb Avjøvni nvwbdv (in:) (evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ ¸iæZ¡ cÖ‡qvM c„:
diR wb‡`©kbvi AšÍfy©³| G e¨vcv‡i Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv e‡j‡Qb : 56)| hwÌ Zvi Nwbô `yÕRb QvÎ Zvi G gZ MÖnY K‡ibwb| wKš‘
cieZ©xKv‡j Zvi AmsL¨ Abymvix Zvi gZ‡KB AuvK‡o a‡i‡Qb| Zv‡ì
hyw³ n‡jv :
K) ÔRwgb †_‡K Avwg hv †ei K‡iwQ Zv †_‡K e¨q K‡ivÕ G Avqv‡Zi
m‡e©v”P cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq kvKmewRi †ÿ‡Î| KviY GKgvÎ kvKmewRB
f‚wg †_‡K mivmwi †ei nq|

L) Avevi ÔmsMÖ‡ni w`b Zvi hvKvZ w`‡q `vIÕ G Avqv‡ZiI cwic~Y© GB nvw`mØ‡qi gva¨‡g Zuviv cÖgvY †ck K‡i‡Qb †h, kvKmewR I †hme
Avgj Kiv hvq kvKmewRi †ÿ‡Î| KviY kvKmewRi hvKvZ msMÖ‡ni dj ev dmj msiÿY Kiv hvq bv, †m¸‡jvi †Kv‡bv Dki ev hvKvZ
w`bB †`qv m¤¢e| †bB| Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ Lv`¨k‡mï hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e, †h¸‡jv `xN©w`b
D³ AvqvZØ‡q KZUzKz Drcbœ n‡j Dki cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e †mB cwigvY msiÿY K‡i ivLv hvq, hv cÖ_g nvw`m †_‡K cÖgvwYZ|
D‡jøL bv _vKvq Bgvg AvR‡gi wbK‡U Dk‡ii †Kv‡bv wbmve †bB| Zviv Av‡iKwU wel‡q Bgvg Avey nvwbdv (in:)-Gi mv‡_ gZwe‡iva
K‡i‡Qb Zv n‡jv : dj-dmj Ges msiÿY Kiv hvq Ggb Lv`¨km¨ cuvP
Aci w`‡K Bgvg kvwdqx, gvwjK Beby Avbvm, Avngv` Beby nv¤^jmn IqvmvK cwigvY bv n‡j Zv‡Z hvKvZ diR n‡e bv| Avey mvC` Lyìx
Ab¨ me Bgvg e‡j‡Qb, me kvKmewR I msiÿ‡Yi A‡hvM¨ dj ev ivw`qvjøvû Avbû n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg
dm‡ji hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv| Zviv gyÕAvh Beby Rvevj ivw`qvjøvû Avbû e‡jb:
†_‡K ewY©Z GKwU nvw`m‡‡K `wjj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡i‡Qb, †hLv‡b
ivm~‡j AvKivg mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :
ÒcuvP Iqvmv‡Ki Kg †LRyi Ges k‡m¨ †Kv‡bv hvKvZ †bB|Ó
(gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 979)
A_©vr dj-dmj I msiÿY‡hvM¨ Lv`¨km¨ hZÿY bv cuvP IqvmvK (17
gZvšÍ‡i 25 gY) n‡e ZZÿY ch©šÍ Dk‡ii hvKvZ diR n‡e bv|
ÒAvi G weavb (Dki) †LRyi, Mg I Lv`¨k‡mï †ÿ‡Î| kmv, ZigyR
Dc‡ii `yÕwU g‡Zi Zzjbvg~jK wKQy we‡ePbvq Bgvg AvRg Avey nvwbdv
I †e`vbvi Dk‡ii hvKvZ ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg gvd
(in:)-Gi gZ‡KB MÖnY Kivi c‡ÿ wm×všÍ †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| KviY
K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|Ó
GKwU diR Bev`‡Zi †ÿ‡Î mZK©Zv Aej¤^b KivB DËg| G Qvov
(`viv-KzZbx 2/97, gy¯ÍvìvK wjj nvwKg 1/558, ZvjLxm, 2/165)
eZ©gvb we‡kî †kÖô M‡elK Avjøvgv BDmyd Avj Kvihvfxmn gvwjKx
gvhnv‡ei eo eo gynvwÏm GB gZ‡KB mg_©b Kivi c‡ÿ gZ
Avevi gyÕAvh Beby Rvevj ivw`qvjøvû Avbû ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
w`‡q‡Qb| (Bmjv‡gi hvKvZ weavb, BDmyd Avj Kvihvfx, c„: 389)|
Iqv mvjøvg‡K wPwVi gva¨‡g kvKmewRi hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e wK bv Rvb‡Z
ZvQvov `wi`ª †jvK‡ì DcKv‡ii K_v wPšÍv K‡i G gZ‡KB cÖvavb¨
PvB‡j ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg DË‡i e‡jb :
†`qv DwPZ e‡j g‡b nq|
ÒZv‡Z (kvKmewR‡Z) †Kv‡bv hvKvZ †bB|Ó (wZiwghxÑ nvw`m bs 638)

Dk‡ii cwigvY
dj-dmj, kvKmewR ev Lv`¨k‡m¨ Kx cwigvY Dki wn‡m‡e hvKvZ
nvw`mwU Bgvg wZiwghx eY©bv Ki‡jI mb` mwnn bq, G e¨vcv‡i w`‡Z n‡eÑ G e¨vcv‡i ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi cÿ †_‡K
mK‡jB GKgZ| †KD †KD Avevi gyimvj mb‡` nvw`mwU eY©bv AMwYZ evYx G‡m‡Q| †hgb Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi (iv:) e‡jb, ivm~j
K‡i‡Qb| mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :

Ab¨ me Bgv‡gi wbKU 5 IqvmvK mgvb cÖvq 17 gY nq (40 †KwR‡Z
1 gY)|
A_©vr †KD hw` Dk‡ii hvKv‡Zi †ÿ‡Î nvbvwd gZ †g‡b †bq Zvn‡j
Òe„wó ev Sibvi cvwb A_ev gvwUi Av`ª©Zv †_‡K †h dj-dmj Drcvw`Z Zv‡ì dj, dmj ev Lv`¨km¨ 25 gY n‡jB Zv †_‡K wbqgvbymv‡i 5%
nq Zv‡Z GK-`kgvsk hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e, Avi †m‡Pi gva¨‡g Drcbœ ev 10% hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv diR| Avi hw` Aci wZb Bgv‡gi gZ
Ki‡j GK-`kgvs‡ki A‡a©K ev 20 fv‡Mi 1 fvM hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z gvb‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j Zv‡ì dj, dmj ev Lv`¨km¨ 17 gY n‡j Zv †_‡K
n‡e|Ó (eyLvwiÑ nvw`m bs 1483) wbqgvbymv‡i 5% ev 10% hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e AwaK
mZK©Zvi w`‡K jÿ †i‡L 17 gY‡KB cÖvavb¨ †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Aci nvw`‡m G‡m‡Q, Rvwei ivw`qvjøvû Avbû e‡jb, Avwg bex Kwig
mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg‡K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ :
Ggb dj-dmj †h¸‡jv Iqvmv‡K
cwigvc Kiv hvq bv
Òb`x ev †g‡Ni cvwb‡Z Drcbœ n‡j GK-`kgvsk Avi †m‡Pi gva¨‡g
Ggb wKQy dj, dmj ev Lv`¨km¨ i‡q‡Q; hv Iqvmv‡K cwigvc Kiv hvq
Drcvw`Z n‡j GK-`kgvs‡ki A‡a©K ev 5% hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z
bv| †hgbÑ AvL, cvU, Zzjv, Rvdivb ev gay BZ¨vw`| Gme †ÿ‡Î `yÕwU
n‡e|Ó (gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 981)
g~jbxwZ Av‡Q, hvi Ici wfwË K‡i Dki wn‡m‡e hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i|
nvw`‡mi ¯úó eY©bvi wfwË‡Z mKj hy‡Mi BgvgMY I Dki wn‡m‡e
Av‡jgMY GKgZ †h, e„wó, b`x, bvjv, Lvj, wej I gvwUi ¯^vfvweK
GK. †hme dj ev dm‡ji cwigvc Iqvmv‡K Kiv hvq bv, †m¸‡jvi
Av`ª©Zvi Kvi‡Y Drcbœ dm‡ji 10% Ges †mP eë¯’vi gva¨‡g
g~j¨‡K gvb`Ê wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi GUv n‡jv Bgvg Avey
Drcvw`Z Ki‡j 5% wbmdzj Dki wn‡m‡e hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv diR|
BDmyd (in:)-Gi gZ| †hgbÑ AvL Iqvmv‡K cwigvc Kiv hvq bv, †m
†ÿ‡Î Dki Av`vq‡hvM¨ †hme dm‡ji g~j¨ me©wbgœ †mB dm‡ji cuvP
cuvP Iqvmv‡Ki cwigvY IqvmvK g~‡jï cwigvY AvL Drcv`b n‡jB Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
eZ©gvb evRv‡i hw` av‡bi `vg Kg nq Zvn‡j 5 IqvmvK ev 17 A_ev
hwÌ Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq Bgvg Avey nvwbdv (in:)-Gi gZ‡K cÖvavb¨
25 gY av‡bi g~j¨‡K gvb`Ê wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i cvU, Zzjv ev G RvZxq
†`qv n‡q‡Q Avi Zv n‡jv, dm‡ji †ÿ‡Î †Kv‡bv wbmve †bB| wKš‘ hviv
dm‡ji 5% ev 10% hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Aci gZ‡K MÖnY K‡ib Zv‡ì Rb¨ Iqvmv‡Ki AvaywbK cwigvY Rvbv
(evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ : ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvM c„: 67-68)
Avek¨K|
Bgvg Avey nvwbdv (in:)-Gi gZvbymv‡i 1 IqvmvK mgvb 197808 MÖvg
`yB. †hme dj, dmj ev Lv`¨k‡m¨ cwigvc Iqvmv‡K Kiv hvq bv;
ev 5 IqvmvK = 989040 MÖvg ev cÖvq 25 gY (40 †KwR‡Z 1 gY)|
†m¸‡jvi g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cwigvc Kivi mvaviY GKK‡K gvb`Ê
(evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ : ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvM, c„: 64-66)

wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| GwU g~jZ Bgvg gynv¤§v` (in:)-Gi gZvgZ| wb‡gœ g~jbxwZ¸‡jv †`qv n‡jv :
†hgbÑ Avgv‡ì †`‡k mvaviYZ Gme dmj cwigv‡ci †ÿ‡Î gY K. †hme dj ev dmj †g‡c ev IRb K‡i †Kbv-†ePv Kiv hvq|
eënvi Kiv nq, †m Abyhvqx Kv‡iv wbKU 5 gY avb ev Mg _vK‡j Zv‡K L. †hme dj-dmj ïKv‡bv hvq Ges A‡bK w`b N‡i ivLv hvq| †KD
5% ev 10% hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| g~jK_v, †h †`‡ki cwigv‡ci †KD GK eQi ev Zvi KvQvKvwQ mgq ¸`vgRvZ K‡i ivLv hvq
mvaviY GKK hv n‡e Zv w`‡q Zvi 5 GKK n‡jB Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z Ggb dm‡ji K_v D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|
n‡e| (evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ : ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvM c„:67-68) M. dj ev dmj LvIqvi g‡Zv Dchy³ mg‡q †cuŠQv|
me wKQy we‡ePbv K‡i cÖ_g gZ A_©vr Bgvg Avey BDmyd (in:)-Gi Dc‡iv³ g~jbxwZ cvIqv †M‡j †Kv‡bv dj ev dmj 5 IqvmvK ev Zvi
gZ‡KB cÖvavb¨ †`qv DwPZ| KviY gZwU LyeB †hŠw³K Ges AvKj ev †ewk n‡j Zv‡Z wbqgvbyhvqx 5% ev 10% Dki wn‡m‡e hvKvZ cÖ`vb
Ávbwe‡ivax bq| Avi Zv n‡jv : †hme dj ev dmj Iqvmv‡K cwigvc Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kiv hvq bv †m †ÿ‡Î Dki Av`vq‡hvM¨ me©wbgœ g~j¨gv‡bi dmj‡K Z‡e Bgvg Avey nvwbdv (in:) hvKvZ diR nIqvi Rb¨ dj ev dm‡ji
Iqvmv‡K cwigvc K‡i Zvi g~j¨‡K gvb`Ê wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i hvKvZ †Kv‡bv g~jbxwZ MÖnY K‡ibwb| GgbwK †Kv‡bv wbmveI wba©viY
Av`vq Kiv| K‡ibwb| Zvi g‡Z, †h‡Kv‡bv dj-dmj ev kvKmewR †h cwigvYB
Drcv`b †nvK bv †Kb, Zv‡Z 5% ev 10% hvKvZ †`qv diR|
dj-dmj hvKvZ‡hvM¨ nIqvi g~jbxwZ
dj ev dm‡ji hvKv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi
evYx, hv Avãyjøvn Beby Dgvi (iv:) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb :
Òivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg ïaygvÎ 5 cÖKvi dj dm‡ji hvKvZ

cÖ`v‡bi mybœZ cÖPjb K‡i‡Qb : Mg, he, †LRyi, wKkwgk I fyÆv|Ó
(Beby gvRvnÑ nvw`m bs 1815, gymvbœvdz Bewb Avwe kvBev 2/370)
Dc‡iv³ nvw`m Ges G ai‡bi Av‡iv wKQz mwnn nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K

Bgvg Avey nvwbdv (in:) I Zvi wKQy Abymvix e¨ZxZ AwaKvsk Bgvg I
dwKnMY dj-dm‡ji hvKvZ‡hvM¨ nIqvi Rb¨ wKQy g~jbxwZ wba©viY
K‡i‡Qb, hvi Ici wfwË K‡i dj ev dm‡ji hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|

gymvwdi‡ì mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨| G n‡jv Avjøvni diR weavb| Avjøvn
ZvÕAvjv gnvÁvbx I cÖÁvgq|Ó (m~iv ZvIev : AvqvZ-60)
Dc‡iv³ Avqv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K hvKv‡Zi A_© e¨‡qi 8wU LvZ cvB| wb‡gœ
Zv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv :
cÖ_g LvZ
dwKi
dKxi n‡jv Ggb e¨w³ hvi mvgvb¨ m¤ú` Av‡Q, hv w`‡q †gŠwjK Pvwn`v
c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvi Afve AbUb me mgq †j‡MB _v‡K|
wØZxq LvZ
wgmwKb
wgmKxb Ggb e¨w³ hvi †Kvb m¤ú` †bB; †h A‡bï wbKU nvZ cv‡Z|
nhiZ KvZv`vn iv.-Gi g‡Z dwKi mvgwqK AfveMÖ¯Í Ges wgmwKb
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq cÖK…ZB AfveMÖ¯Í| (AvaywbK †cÖÿvc‡U hvKv‡Zi weavb c„ôv : 88)
hvKvZ I Dki Z…Zxq LvZ

hvKvZ Av`vq wefv‡Mi Rbej
Av`v‡qi LvZmg~n hvKvZ msMÖn, weZiY ev wndvRZ Kiv BZ¨vw` Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ
e¨w³eM©| A_©vr hviv ivóª ev †Kv‡bv cÖwZôv‡bi hvKvZ eë¯’vcbvi mv‡_
RwoZ Ggb †jvK m”Qj n‡jI Zv‡K hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡e| Z‡e
hvKvZ I Dki e¨‡qi LvZmg~n G‡ì‡K m‡e©v”P Kx cwigvY hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡e, G e¨vcv‡i
hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Lv‡Zi e¨cv‡i Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv wb‡RB e‡j‡Qb : Av‡jg‡ì gZ n‡jv †gvU D‡ËvwjZ hvKv‡Zi 12.5% fvM LiP wn‡m‡e
hvKvZ †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i, Gi †ewk bq| Z‡e Zv‡ì wKQy ¸Y _vKvi K_v
ejv n‡q‡Q :
K) gymwjg nIqv
L) cÖvßeq¯‹ nIqv
M) AvgvbZ`vi nIqv
ÒwbðqB hvKvZ dwKi, wgmwKb, hvKvZ Av`vqKvix I (bIgymwjg ev N) hvKvZ msMÖn I weZiYmn Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri †hvM¨Zv _vKv
Bmjvg MÖnY Kivi j‡ÿ¨) hv‡ì ü`q AvK…ó Kiv cÖ‡qvRb, µxZ`vm O) hvKv‡Zi wewaweavb m¤ú‡K© Ávb _vKv
gyw³, FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³i FYgyw³i Rb¨ Ges Avjøvni c‡_ wRnv`Kvix I P) cyiæl nIqv|

PZz_© LvZ gvby‡li gv‡S mym¤úK© cÖwZôv ev `yÕwU †Mv‡Îi gv‡S weev` n‡j Zv‡ì
gyqvjøvdvZzj Kzjye (ü`q Rq Kiv) †Kv‡bv GK †Mv‡Îi Ici Rwigvbv Kiv n‡j hvKv‡Zi UvKv w`‡q D³
hw` †Kv‡bv Agymwj‡gi ü`q‡K Bmjv‡gi w`‡K AvK…ó Kiv Riæwi g‡b Rwigvbv cwi‡kva Kiv hv‡e e‡j A‡b‡K gZ w`‡q‡Qb| Z‡e †KD
nq, hv‡ì‡K hvKvZ w`‡j Bmjvg MÖnY Kivi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q ev A‰ea Kv‡R FYx n‡j Zvi FY cwi‡kv‡ai Rb¨ Zv‡K hvKv‡Zi UvKv
Zv‡ì‡K hvKvZ w`‡j Bmjvg ev gymwjg‡ì ÿwZ Ki‡e bv, Ggb †`qv hv‡e bv|
e¨w³‡ì hvKvZ †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i, Zviv †h‡Kv‡bv a‡g©i †nvK bv †Kb|
GgbwK gymwjgwe‡ivax cÖcvMvÛv Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ I Agymwjg‡ì gv‡S mßg LvZ
`vIqvwZ Kvh© Pvjv‡bvi RbÏ G A_© e¨q Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i e‡j A‡b‡K wd mvwewjjøvn
gZ w`‡q‡Qb| hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi G LvZwU e¨vcK| Z‡e Ôwd mvwewjjøvnÕ ev Avjøvni c‡_
ej‡Z AwaKvsk gydvmwmi wRnv`‡K eywS‡q‡Qb| AZGe, Avjøvni
cÂg LvZ iv¯Ívq wRnvìZ gyRvwn`‡ì Rb¨ me©cÖKvi miÄvg, hy‡×i NuvwU ev hy×-
`vmgyw³ msµvšÍ mKj Lv‡Z e¨q Kiv hv‡e| Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ me cÖ‡Póv wRnv‡ì
cÖvPxbKv‡j cïcvwLi g‡Zv gvbyl †Kbv-†ePv n‡Zv| hvKv‡Zi A_© `vm AšÍfz©³; †m wn‡m‡e Gme cÖ‡Póvq wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³/ cÖwZôvb‡KI hvKvZ
gyw³i Kv‡R e¨q Kivi my‡hvM Av‡Q| hwÌ eZ©gv‡b wekê¨vcx †Kv_vI †`qv hvq|
`vmcÖ_v †bB, Z_vwc Gi ûKzg GL‡bv ejeZ i‡q‡Q| GiB Dci wfwË hvKvZmn Ab¨vb¨ `v‡bi †ÿ‡Î we‡kl g~jbxwZ n‡jv `v‡bi DcKvi hZ
K‡i A‡b‡K e‡j‡Qb eZ©gv‡b hw` †KD wec‡` c‡o hvq Ges gyw³c‡Yi †ewk n‡e Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K cÖwZ`vbI ZZ †ewk cvIqv hv‡e| myZivs
cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q Zvn‡j hvKv‡Zi UvKv w`‡q gyw³cY Av`vq Kiv Bmjvg cÖPvi, Bmjvgx wkÿvi we¯Ívi I Bmjvgwe‡ivax gn‡ji
hv‡e| AcZrciZvi †gvKv‡ejvq hvKv‡Zi A_© e¨q Kiv GKwU DËg LvZ
Avevi †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` Ab¨vqfv‡e †R‡j ew›` _v‡K Ges †Rj †_‡K wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i|
gy³ nIqvi Rb¨ Zvi Kv‡Q h‡_ó cwigvY UvKv bv _v‡K Zvn‡jI
hvKv‡Zi A_© w`‡q Zv‡K gy³ Kiv hv‡e e‡j AvaywbK AvwjgMY gZ Aóg LvZ
w`‡q‡Qb| Z‡e kZ© wn‡m‡e gymwjg e¨w³i gyw³cY ev †Rjgyw³i Rb¨ Bebym mvwej (gymvwdi)
AvBwb mnvqZvi Rb¨ A_© e¨‡qi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv e¨w³ `~i-`~iv‡šÍ md‡i †ei n‡q‡Q| GgZve¯Ívq Zvi Kv‡Q †h
UvKv wQj Zv †kl n‡q †M‡Q, GLb wd‡i Avmvi g‡Zv Zvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv
lô LvZ UvKv †bB| Ggb e¨w³‡K Avqv‡Z Bebym mvwej ev gymvwdi ejv
FYgyw³ n‡q‡Q| wZwb m¤ú`kvjx n‡jI hvKv‡Zi UvKv Zvi Rb¨ êa, †h‡nZz
hLb †Kv‡bv e¨w³i F†Yi cwigvY Zvi Avq ev m¤ú` †_‡K †ewk n‡e GB gyn~‡Z© wZwb wec`MÖ¯Í Ges Zvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avmvi g‡Zv †Kv‡bv UvKv
Ges FY cwi‡kva Kivi mÿgZv _vK‡e bv ZLb Zv‡KB FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³ †bB|
wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e| Zv‡K FYgyw³i Rb¨ hvKv‡Zi A_© cÖ`vb
Kiv hv‡e, Z‡e kZ© n‡jv FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³ Aek¨B gymwjg n‡Z n‡e|

Z…Zxq cÖKvi
hvKvZ MÖn‡Yi A‡hvM¨ e¨w³eM© Av‡j gynv¤§v` mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg
Dc‡i hv‡ì‡K hvKvZ †`qv hv‡e Zv‡ì wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| bex Kwig mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg I Zvi cwiev‡ii Rb¨ hvKvZ
wb‡gœ hv‡ì‡K hvKvZ †`qv hv‡e bv Zv‡ì wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv| MÖnY Kiv nvivg| hw` †Kv‡bvfv‡e cÖgvwYZ nq †h, GB e¨w³ ivm~j
Zviv g~jZ 4 fv‡M wef³| wb‡gœ Zv‡ì mswÿß Av‡jvPbv †ck Kiv mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi cwiev‡ii AšÍfz©³ Zvn‡j Zv‡K hvKvZ
n‡jvÑ †`qv ev Zvi Rb¨ MÖnY Kiv DfqwU nvivg| Z_vwc ivm~j mvjøvjøvû
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøv‡gi cwiev‡ii AšÍf~©³, cÖgvwYZ †Kvb Afvex cvIqv
cÖ_g cÖKvi †M‡j Zv‡K hvKvZ e¨wZZ mvaviY `v‡bi gva¨‡g mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv
mvwneyb wbmve Kiv hv‡e| wKš‘ Zvi Rb¨ KLbB hvKv‡Zi A_© MÖnY Kiv êa bq|
hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³i wbKU 85 MÖvg (7.5 fwi) ¯^Y© ev 600 MÖvg (52.5 Avãyj gyËvwje Beby ivweqvn ivw`qvjøvû Avbû e‡jb, ivm~j mvjøvjøvû
fwi) †iŠc¨ A_ev mgcwigvY UvKv-cqmv _v‡K Zvn‡j IB e¨w³‡K AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg e‡j‡Qb :
mvwneyb wbmve ev wbmve cwigvY m¤ú‡ì gvwjK ejv nq| Zvi Rb¨
hvKvZ MÖnY Kiv nvivg Ges Zv‡K hvKvZ w`‡j hvKvZ Av`vq mwVK
n‡e bv| Avãyjøvn Beby Avgi (iv:) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjøvg e‡jb :
ÒwbðqB GB hvKvZ gvby‡li gqjv¯îƒc| Avi Zv gynv¤§v` I Zvi
cwiev‡ii Rb¨ Rv‡qR bq|Ó (gymwjgÑ nvw`m bs 1072)
†Kv‡bv m¤ú`kvjx ev my¯^v¯’ëvb e¨w³i Rb¨ hvKvZ MÖnY Kiv êa bq|
(wZiwghxÑ nvw`m bs 528) PZz_© cÖKvi
†mevi cÖwZ`v‡b hvKvZ †`qv hvq bv
wØZxq cÖKvi G QvovI hvKv‡Zi UvKv w`‡q Kv‡iv wbKU †_‡K †mev MÖnY Kiv Rv‡qR
hvKvZ `vbKvixi Ici wbf©ikxj e¨w³eM© †bB| GB A_© w`‡q †Kv‡bv Kg©Pvixi †eZb †`qvI êa bq| Avevi
A_©vr Zvi wcZv-gvZv, `v`v-`v`x, bvbv-bvbx Ges Zv‡ì Ic‡ii hvKvZcÖ`Ë †Kv‡bv A_© w`‡q gmwR` wbg©vY Kiv, †givgZ Kiv ev
e¨w³eM© Ges cyÎ, Kb¨v, Zv‡ì mšÍvbvw`mn Zv‡ì wb‡P hviv _vK‡e iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †eZb †`qvI Rv‡qR †bB| KviY gmwR` abx-Mwie
Zv‡ì‡K hvKvZ †`qv hv‡e bv| meviB Bev`‡Zi ¯’vb| GLv‡b Ggb A‡bK †jvK Av‡mb hv‡ì Rb¨
hvKvZ MÖnY Kiv Rv‡qR bq| ZvB hvKv‡Zi †Kv‡bv UvKvB gmwR`
G Qvov Zv‡ìI †`qv hv‡e bv hv‡ì fiY‡cvl‡Yi `vwqZ¡ Zvi Ici mswkøóZvi Kv‡R e¨q Kiv hv‡e bv|
Awc©Z| †hgbÑ ¯^vgx Zvi ¯¿x‡K hvKvZ w`‡Z cvi‡e bv, wKš‘ ¯¿x Zvi
¯^vgx‡K w`‡Z cvi‡e| KviY ¯^vgxi fiY‡cvlY Kiv ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ bq|

GKRb PvKzixRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi
wnmv‡ei bgybv
(cÖ`Ë e¨w³i bvg I m¤ú` KvíwbK)
Rbve mv‡`K †nv‡mb wgVvcyKzi Dc‡Rjvq mnKvix Awdmvi wn‡m‡e Kg©iZ|
Dbvi 1 †Q‡j 1 †g‡q mevB covïbv K‡ib| ¯¿xI ¯’vbxq GKwU ¯‹z‡j wkÿKZv
K‡ib| Rbve mv‡`K †nv‡mb mv‡ne 35,540/- UvKv gvwmK †eZb cvb|
Dbvi cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Û cÖwZ gv‡m 2,200/- UvKv Rgv nq| Dwb Dbvi GK
PvPv‡K Zvi e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvR‡b G eQi 20,000/- UvKv avi w`‡q‡Qb| Avkv
Ki‡Qb GB UvKv AvMvgx eQi †diZ cv‡eb| G QvovI MZ 1 eQi Av‡M
PZz_© Aa¨vq eÜz‡K 10,000/- UvKv avi w`‡qwQ‡jb †hUv G eQi cwi‡kva K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|
hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei QK †g‡qi wek^we`¨vj‡q fwZ©i Rb¨ 2 eQi Av‡M Awd‡mi cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ †_‡K
3,00,000/- UvKv FY wb‡qwQ‡jb 5,000/- UvKv gvwmK wKw¯Í cwi‡kv‡ai
k‡Z©| GLbI Zvi 2,00,000/- UvKv FY cwi‡kva evKx Av‡Q| Dbvi ¯¿xi
hvKvZ Av`vq Kivi Rb¨ mv‡n‡e †bmve ev hvKvZ `vZv Pv›`ª e‡l©i wn‡m‡e 15 fwi (175 MÖvg) ¯^Y© I 20 fwi (233 MÖvg) iæcv Ges Kb¨vi 5 fwi (58
GKwU ZvwiL wba©viY K‡i wb‡eb| †m Abyhvqx cÖwZ eQi wZwb hvKvZ Av`vq MÖvg) ¯^‡Y©i I 10 fwi (117 MÖvg) iæcvi Mnbv Av‡Q (‡h‡nZz ¯¿x PvKzix K‡ib
Ki‡eb| mwVK fv‡e hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ hvKvZ †hvM¨ mKj m¤ú‡ì ¯¿xi Mnbvi hvKvZ ¯¿x cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| Z‡e †g‡qi Mnbvi hvKvZ wcZv‡K
h_vh_ wnmve nIqv Riæix| wnmv‡ei Mowg‡ji Kvi‡Y hvKvZ‡hvM¨ †Kvb w`‡Z n‡e)| Dwb 5 eQi Av‡M AvB.wc.AvB-Gi 1000wU 10/- UvKv g~‡jï
m¤ú‡ì hvKvZ †hb Abv`vqx bv _v‡K †m wel‡q hvKvZ `vZv‡K AZ¨šÍ mZK© †kqvi 2,20,000/- UvKv w`‡q wK‡bwQ‡jb mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z, †Kbv-‡ePvi
_vK‡Z n‡e| hvKvZ †hvM¨ m¤ú‡ì wnmve mnR Kivi Rb¨ G Aa¨v‡q wbq‡Z bq| GLvb †_‡K G eQi 3,000/- UvKv wWwf‡W›U †c‡q‡Qb| MÖv‡g
Avgv‡ì mgv‡Ri 8 (AvU) †kÖYx †ckvi hvKvZ `vZvi m¤ú‡ì wnmv‡ei Dbvi 10 weNv K…wl Rwg Av‡Q, hv jxR / eM©v †`qv| ILvb †_‡K Dwb G eQi
GKwU bgybv †ck Kiv n‡jv| hvKvZ `vZv cÖ`Ë Q‡Ki Av‡jv‡K wb‡RB wb‡Ri 30 gb avb †c‡q‡Qb| †mP hy³ Rwg wn‡m‡e 5% Dki eve` w`‡q‡Qb 1.5
m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmve Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| gb avb| evKx 28.5 gb avb wewµ K‡i 34,200/- UvKv †c‡q‡Qb|eQi
Djvgv‡ì g‡Z hvKvZ wbw`©ó LvZIqvix wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e| hvKv‡Zi †k‡l Dbvi nv‡Z bM` 80,350/- UvKv, e¨vs‡K 3,20,400/- UvKv Rgv Av‡Q
wnmv‡ei LvZ¸‡jv : 1. ¯^Y© I †iŠc¨, 2. bM` A_©, e¨vs‡K Rgv I mÂ‡qi (wW‡cvwRU I wd·W wW‡cvwRU mn)|
wbq‡Z †Kbv †kqvi / eÛ, 3. eëmvwqK cY¨, 4. Dki, 5. mvwqgv cïi D‡jøL¨ †h, hvKvZ wnmve Kivi w`b AvBwcAvB-Gi †kqv‡ii evRvi g~j¨ wQj
wnmve| 252/- UvKv|
G mKj Lv‡Zi hvKv‡Zi wnmve Avjv`v Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi Rgv UvKvi wnmve †h‡nZz hvKvZ `vZvi Avq‡Z¡ †bB B”Qv
D‡jøL¨ †h, †KD †mŠi ermi Abyhvqx hvKvZ wnmve Ki‡j 2.5% Gi cwie‡Z© Ki‡jI bM` UvKvq iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv ZvB hvKvZ wnmv‡e Avm‡e bv|
2.57% nv‡i hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| wWwf‡WÛ I avb weµ‡qi UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv I bM` UvKvq AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q|
hvKv‡Zi wnmve mn‡R eySvi Rb¨ wb‡¤œ QK AvKv‡i K‡qKwU †KBm ÷vwW
†`qv nj: Rbve mv‡`K †nv‡m‡bi G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : (†`Lyb cieZx© c„ôvq)

GKRb PvKzixRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
LvZ weeiY cwigvb GKK g~j¨ †gvU m¤ú` hvKvZ †hvM¨ hvKvZ UvKv gšÍe¨
bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
1. (i) ¯^Y© / AjsKvi 5 fwi (‡g‡qi 40,000 2,00,000/- ‡bmve cwigvY bv nIqvq
AjsKvi) hvKvZ †hvM¨ n‡e bv
(ii) †iŠc¨ / AjsKvi 10 fwi (‡g‡qi 400 4,000/- †bmve cwigvY bv nIqvq
AjsKvi) hvKvZ †hvM¨ n‡e bv
(K) †gvU 2,04,000/- -
2. bM` A_© :
(i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 80,350/- 80,350/-
(ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 3,20,400/- 3,20,400/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W
wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
(iii) †kqvi / eÛ AvBwcAvB-1000 10/- (†dBm 10,000/- 10,000/- †dBmf¨vjy‡Z wnmve Kiv
(mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z) f¨vjy) n‡q‡Q|*** ** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e bv|
(iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q 20,000/- 20,000/- hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv †gvU
cvIbv (FY) hvKv‡Zi wnmve †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e| †m wnmv‡e (P) †_‡K (Q Gi 2.5%)
(L) Dc-†gvU 4,30,750/- 4,30,750/- 10,769/- ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q|
`vq :
wc.Gd dvÛ †_‡K - 200,000/- -200,000/-
Acwi‡kvwaZ FY *** eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e †kqv‡ii eZ©gvb g~j¨ 252/- UvKv wn‡m‡e
(M) Dc-†gvU - 200,000/- -200,000/- - 5,000/- 2,52,000/- UvKvi hvKvZ n‡e 6,300/- UvKv| hvKvZ `vZv hw` evRvi g~j¨
(N) †gvU (L-M) 2,30,750/- 2,30,750/- 5,769/- wn‡m‡e hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvb †m‡ÿ‡Î Av‡M 2(iii) Gi 10 nvRvi UvKvi hvKvZ
3. eëmvwqK cY¨: 250/- UvKvi cwie‡Z© 6,300/- UvKvi hvKvZ †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î bxU
i) mgvcbx ÷K hvKvZ n‡e 10,964/- UvKv|
ii) mgvcbx `vq (-)
iii) †kqvi / eÛ
(eëmvi wbq‡Z)
(O) †gvU
4. (P ) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+O) 5,769/-
5. dm‡ji hvKvZ (Dki)
dmj Drcvw`Z cwigvY Dki Dki ev‡` †gvU UvKv gšÍe¨
cwigvY
i) avb 30 gb 1.5 gb (5% 28.5 gb 34,200/- Dki dmj DVvi ci
†m‡Pi Rwg ciB Av`vq Kiv
wn‡m‡e) n‡q‡Q|
(Q) †gvU** 34,200/-
6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 4,914/-

GKRb eëmvqxi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv GKRb eëmvqxi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
(cÖ`Ë e¨w³i bvg I m¤ú` KvíwbK) bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
1. (i) ¯^Y© / AjsKvi 12.5 fwi (¯¿xi) 40,000/- 5,00,000/- 5,00,000/-
(ii) †iŠc¨ / AjsKvi 10 fwi (†g‡qi) 400/- 4,000/- - †bmve cwigvY bv nIqvq
Rbve †gvRv‡¤§j †nv‡mb mv‡ne kixqZcy‡ii GKwU dv‡g©mxi gvwjK| Dbvi hvKvZ †hvM¨ n‡e bv
wb‡Ri evox‡Z _v‡Kb| Dbvi dv‡g©mx‡Z 6,40,564/- UvKvi Jla gRy` (K) †gvU 5,04,000/- 5,00,000/- 12,500/-
Av‡Q| gRyZK…Z Jl‡ai g‡a¨ †`bv Av‡Q 2,89,560/- UvKv| Dbvi 1 †Q‡j 2. bM` A_© :
I 2 †g‡q mevB covïbv K‡i| ¯¿x M„wnbx| Dwb Dbvi GK eÜz‡K Zvi (i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 55,250/- 55,250/-
e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvR‡bi Rb¨ G eQi 20,000/- UvKv avi w`‡q‡Qb| Avkv (ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 80,800/- 80,800/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W
Ki‡Qb GB UvKv AvMvgx eQi †diZ cv‡eb| G QvovI MZ 1 eQi Av‡M wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
PvPv‡Zv fvB‡K 20,000/- UvKv avi w`‡qwQ‡jb †hUv G eQi cwi‡kva K‡i (iii) †kqvi / eÛ AvBwcAvB-1000 10/- (†dBm 10,000/- 10,000/- †dBmf¨vjy †Z wnmve
w`‡q‡Qb| †Q‡ji †gwW‡K‡j fwZ©i Rb¨ G eQi Dbvi gvgvi KvQ †_‡K (mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z) f¨vjy) Kiv n‡q‡Q|***
AvBweweGj-1000 10/- (†dBm 10,000/- 10,000/-
10,00,000/- UvKv avi wb‡q‡Qb AvMvgx 4 eQ‡ii wKw¯Í‡Z cwi‡kva K‡i f¨vjy)
w`‡eb k‡Z©| G eQi 2,50,000/- UvKv cwi‡kva K‡i‡Qb GLbI (iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q 20,000/- 20,000/-
7,50,000/- UvKv Acwi‡kvwaZ FY i‡q‡Q| Dbvi ¯¿xi 12.5 fwi (146 cvIbv (FY)
MÖvg) ¯^Y© I Kb¨vi 10 fwi (117 MÖvg) iæcvi Mnbv Av‡Q (Dbv‡K ¯¿x Zvi (L) Dc-†gvU 1,76,050/- 1,76,050/- 4,401/-
`vq :
MnYvi hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡iva K‡i‡Qb †m Rb¨ Mnbvi wnmve GB
wb‡Ri FY Av‡Q -7,50,000/- -7,50,000/-
wnmv‡ei g‡a¨)| Dwb 5 eQi Av‡M AvB.wc.AvB-Gi 1000wU 10/- UvKv
(M) Dc-†gvU -7,50,000/- -7,50,000/- -18,750/-
g~‡jï †kqvi 2,20,000/- UvKv Ges AvB.weweGj-Gi 1000wU †kqvi (N) †gvU (L-M) -6,76,050/- -6,76,050/- 0 GB Lv‡Z wbmve
32,000/- UvKv w`‡q wK‡bwQ‡jb mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z, †Kbv-‡ePvi wbq‡Z bq| †_‡K Kg nIqvq
hvKvZ †bB|
GLvb †_‡K G eQi 4,000/- UvKv wWwf‡W›U †c‡q‡Qb| MÖv‡g Dbvi 5 weNv
3. eëmvwqK cY¨ :
K…wl Rwg Av‡Q, hv jxR / eM©v †`qv| ILvb †_‡K Dwb G eQi 15 gb avb
i) mgvcbx ÷K (†`vKv‡bi 6,40,564/- 6,40,564/-
†c‡q‡Qb| av‡bi cwigvY wbmv‡ei †_‡K Kg nIqvq Dki †hvM¨ bv| avb gRy`K…Z Jla)
wewµ K‡i 30,000/- UvKv †c‡q‡Qb| eQi †k‡l Dbvi nv‡Z bM` ii) mgvcbx `vq (Jla -2,89,560/- -2,89,560/-
eve` †`bv) (-)
55,250/- UvKv, e¨vs‡K 80,800/- UvKv Rgv Av‡Q (wW‡cvwRU I wd·W
iii) †kqvi / eÛ
wW‡cvwRU mn)| Dbvi GK eÜzi eëmvq 2,00,000/- UvKv wewb‡qvM (eëmvi wbq‡Z)
K‡i‡Qb| iv) Ab¨vb¨ wewb‡qvM 2,00,000/- 2,00,000/-
D‡jøL¨ †h, hvKvZ wnmve Kivi w`b AvBwcAvB-Gi †kqv‡ii evRvi g~j¨ wQj (O) †gvU 5,51,004/- 5,51,004/- 13,775/-
252/- UvKv Ges AvBweweGj-Gi †kqv‡ii evRvi g~j¨ wQj 15.50/- UvKv| 4. (P) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 26,275/-
dv‡g©mx‡Z 1,50,000/- UvKv g~‡jï dvwb©Pvi I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vqx m¤úwË i‡q‡Q| dmj Drcvw`Z cwigvY Dki Dki ev‡` ‡gvU UvKv gšÍe¨
cwigvY
†hUv hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡e Avm‡e bv| wWwf‡WÛ I avb weµ‡qi UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv i) avb 15 gb - 15 gb 30,000/- wbmve †_‡K Kg
I bM` UvKvq AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q| nIqvq Dki‡hvM¨ bq
(Q) †gvU** 30,000/-
Rbve †gvRv‡¤§j †nv‡m‡bi G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : 6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 26,275/-

GKRb †ckvRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi
wnmv‡ei bgybv
Wv: Aveyj †nv‡mb mv‡ne mvZÿxivi GKRb ¯^bvgab¨ wPwKrmK| Dwb mKvj
/ weKvj wbR †P¤^v‡i †ivMx †`‡Lb| Dbvi wb‡Ri evox‡Z _v‡Kb, ZvQvovI
mvZÿxiv kn‡i AviI GKwU evox Av‡Q hv gvwmK 10,000/- UvKvq fvov
†Ìqv| Z‡e evoxwUi Rb¨ Dwb e¨vsK †_‡K 20 jvL UvKv KR© wb‡qwQ‡jb
** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e
Ges G eQi wKw¯Í cwi‡kv‡ai ciI G eve` 18,00,000/- UvKv †`bv
bv| hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv i‡q‡Qb| †ivMx †`‡L Dbvi gvwmK Avq 80,000/- UvKv †_‡K 1,20,000/-
†gvU hvKv‡Zi wnmve †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e| †m wnmv‡e (P) †_‡K (Q UvKv| †P¤^v‡i 2 Rb Kg©Pvixi †eZb, B‡jKwUªK wej BZ¨vw` eve` gvwmK
Gi 2.5%) ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î (N) LiP 24,000/- UvKv| Dbvi 2 †Q‡j I 1 †g‡q mevB covïbv K‡i| ¯¿x
wbmve cwigvY bv nIqvq (Q) wnmve fz³ n‡e bv| M„wnbx| Dwb Dbvi gvgvZ fvB‡K Zvi e¨w³MZ cÖ‡qvR‡b G eQi 25,000/-
UvKv avi w`‡q‡Qb| Avkv Ki‡Qb GB UvKv AvMvgx eQi †diZ cv‡eb| G
*** eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e AvB.wc.AvB †kqv‡ii eZ©gvb g~j¨ QvovI MZ 2 eQi Av‡M fvwZRv‡K 40,000/- UvKv avi w`‡qwQ‡jb †hUv
252/- UvKv wn‡m‡e 2,52,000/- UvKvi hvKvZ n‡e 6,300/- UvKv fvwZRv G eQi cwi‡kva K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Dbvi ¯¿xi 12 fwi (140 MÖvg) ¯^Y©
Ges AvBweweGj Gi eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ 15.50/- UvKv wn‡m‡e I Kb¨vi 10 fwi (117 MÖvg) ¯^‡Y©i Mnbv Av‡Q (Dbv‡K ¯¿x Zvi MnYvi
15,500/- UvKvi hvKvZ n‡e 388/- UvKv| hvKvZ `vZv hw` evRvi hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡iva K‡i‡Qb †m Rb¨ Mnbvi wnmve GB wnmv‡ei
g~j¨ wn‡m‡e hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvb †m‡ÿ‡Î 2(iii) Gi 10,000 + 10,000 g‡a¨)| Dwb wZb eQi Av‡M AvB.wc.AvB-Gi 1000wU 10/- UvKv g~‡jï
UvKvi hvKvZ (250+250) = 500/- UvKv ev` w`‡q (6,300 + 388) †kqvi 2,20,000/- UvKv w`‡q wK‡bwQ‡jb mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z, †Kbv-‡ePvi
= 6,688/- UvKvi hvKvZ †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î †gvU hvKvZ n‡e wbq‡Z bq| GLvb †_‡K 3,000/- UvKv wWwf‡W›U †c‡q‡Qb| MÖv‡g Dbvi 10
32,463/- UvKv| weNv K…wl Rwg Av‡Q, hv jxR / eM©v †`qv| ILvb †_‡K Dwb G eQi 25 gb
avb †c‡q‡Qb| †mP hy³ Rwg wn‡m‡e 5% Dki eve` w`‡q‡Qb 1.25 gb
avb| evKx 23.75 gb avb wewµ K‡i 32,000/- UvKv †c‡q‡Qb|eQi †k‡l
Dbvi nv‡Z bM` 2,05,000/- UvKv, e¨vs‡K 45,87,800/- UvKv Rgv Av‡Q
(wW‡cvwRU I wd·W wW‡cvwRU mn) |
D‡jøL¨ †h, hvKvZ wnmve Kivi w`b AvBwcAvB-Gi †kqv‡ii evRvi g~j¨ wQj
252/- UvKv|
evox fvov †_‡K Avq, wWwf‡WÛ I avb weµ‡qi UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv I bM`
UvKvq AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q|
Wv: Aveyj †nv‡m‡bi G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : (†`Lyb cieZx© c„ôvq)

GKRb †ckvRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
1. (i) ¯^Y© / AjsKvi 22 fwi 40,000/- 8,80,000/- 8,80,000/-
(ii) †iŠc¨ / AjsKvi - - - -
(K) †gvU 8,80,000/- 8,80,000/- 22,000/-
2. bM` A_© :
(i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 2,05,000/- 2,05,000/-
(ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 45,87,800/- 45,87,800/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W
wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
(iii) †kqvi / eÛ AvBwcAvB-1000 10/- (‡dBm 10,000/- 10,000/- †dBmf¨vjy †Z
(mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z) f¨vjy) wnmve Kiv ** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e
n‡q‡Q|***
(iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q cvIbv 25,000/- 25,000/-
bv| hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv
(FY) †gvU hvKv‡Zi wnmve †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e| †m wnmv‡e (P) †_‡K (Q
(L) Dc-†gvU 48,27,800/- 48,27,800/- 120,695/- Gi 2.5%) ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q|
`vq :
(i) wb‡Ri FY Av‡Q
(ii) evoxi Rb¨ e¨vsK -18,00,000/- - evoxi Ici †jvb
*** eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e AvB.wc.AvB †kqv‡ii eZ©gvb g~j¨
†`bv wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ 252/- UvKv wn‡m‡e 2,52,000/- UvKvi hvKvZ n‡e 6,300/- UvKv|
Avm‡e bv ****
(M) Dc-†gvU 30,27,800/- 48,27,800/- -
hvKvZ `vZv hw` evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvb †m‡ÿ‡Î 2(iii)
(N) †gvU (L-M) 30,27,800/- 48,27,800/- 120,695/- Gi 10,000 UvKvi hvKvZ 250/- UvKv ev` w`‡q 6,300/- UvKvi
3. eëmvwqK cY¨t hvKvZ †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î †gvU hvKvZ n‡e 1,47,945/- UvKv|
i)mgvcbx ÷K
ii) mgvcbx `vq ( -) **** ¯’vqx m¤ú‡ì wecix‡Z F‡Yi Dci hvKvZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
iii) †kqvi / eÛ
(eëmvi wbq‡Z)
(O) †gvU - -
4. (P) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 1,42,695/-
dmj Drcvw`Z cwigvY Dki Dki ev‡` ‡gvU UvKv gšÍe¨
cwigvY
i)avb 25 gb 1.25 gb (5% 23.75 gb 32,000/- Dki dmj
†m‡Pi Rwg DVvi ci ciB
wn‡m‡e) Av`vq Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
(Q) †gvU** 32,000/-
6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 1,41,895/-

GKRb Aemi cÖvß Kg©KZ©vi m¤ú‡ì GKRb Aemi cÖvß Kg©KZ©vi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
LvZ weeiY cwigvb GKK g~j¨ ‡gvU m¤ú` hvKvZ †hvM¨ hvKvZ UvKv gšÍe¨
hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
(cÖ`Ë e¨w³i bvg I m¤ú` KvíwbK) 1. (i) ¯^Y© / AjsKvi 25 fwi 40,000/- 10,00,000/- 10,00,000/-
Rbve kvgmyj nK mv‡ne miKvwi PvKzwi Ki‡Zb, 2015 mv‡j PvKzwi †_‡K (K) †gvU 10,00,000/- 10,00,000/- 25,000/-
Aemi MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b Dwb wbR evmvq ¯¿x I †Q‡jmn emevm 2. bM` A_© :
Ki‡Qb| †Q‡j weevwnZ Ges PvKzwiRxex| Dwb gv‡m 18,000/- UvKv †cbkb (i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 19,500/- 19,500/-
cvb| Rbve kvgmyj nK mv‡n‡ei Av‡iKwU evwo Av‡Q hv fvov †`qv| GLvb (ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 1,78,500/- 1,78,500/-
†_‡K gv‡m 15,000/- UvKv fvov cvb| Aemi MÖn‡Yi c‡i Dbvi Awdm †mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W 10,00,000/- 10,00,000/-
wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
†_‡K wewfbœ dvÛ †_‡K hv †c‡qwQ‡jb, †mLvb †_‡K 10,00,000/- UvKv
(iii) †kqvi / eÛ
wWwcGm K‡ib| GLvb †_‡K gv‡m 8,000/- UvKv gybvdv cvb Ges (mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z)
7,00,000/- UvKv †kqvi evRv‡i †Kbv-‡ePvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wewb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| (iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q cvIbv
5wU †Kv¤úvbxi †gvU 27,050wU †kqvi i‡q‡Q hvi evRvi g~j¨ 4,96,620/- (FY)
(L) Dc-†gvU 11,98,000/- 11,98,000/- 29,951/-
UvKv| GQvovI Dbvi ˆcwÎK m¤úwË †_‡K 5 weNv K…wl Rwg †c‡q‡Qb hv GLb
`vq :
eM©v/wjR †`qv| GLvb †_‡K G eQi 30 gb avb †c‡q‡Qb| †mP hy³ Rwg
wn‡m‡e 5% Dki eve` w`‡q‡Qb 1.5 gb avb| evKx 28.5 gb avb wewµ K‡i
(M) Dc-†gvU - - -
32,000/- UvKv †c‡q‡Qb| msmv‡i †Q‡j LiP enY K‡i| eQi †k‡l Rbve (N) †gvU (L-M) 11,98,000/- 11,98,000/- 29,951/-
nK mv‡n‡ei nv‡Z bM` 19,500/- UvKv I e¨vs‡K (mÂq I wd· wW‡cvwRU) 3. eëmvwqK cY¨ :
1,78,500/ UvKv Av‡Q| Dbvi ¯¿x M„wnbx I 25 fwi (292 MÖvg) ¯^‡Y©i †kqvi :
AjsKvi Av‡Q| (Dbv‡K ¯¿x Zvi MnYvi hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡iva i) Avj Avivdv 10,700 14.80/- 1,58,360/- 1,58,360/-
K‡i‡Qb †m Rb¨ Mnbvi wnmve GB wnmv‡ei g‡a¨)| GQvov ¯’vbxq GK eÜzi ii) Gw·g e¨vsK 9,550 8.80/- 84,040/- 84,040/-
evRvi g~j¨
dvwb©Pv‡ii eëmv‡q 250,000/- wewb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| †mLvb †_‡K G eQi iii) Bmjvgx BÝy¨‡iÝ 5,800 20.90/- 1,21,220/- 1,21,220/- wn‡m‡e
30,000/- gybvdv †c‡q‡Qb| iv) AvB.wc.AvB. 500 252/- 1,26,000/- 1,26,000/-
v) cÙv jvBd BÝy¨‡iÝ 500 14/- 7,000/- 7,000/-
D‡jøL¨ †h, evox fvov, avb wewµi UvKv, gybvdv I wWwf‡WÛ e¨vs‡K Rgv I Ab¨vb¨ wewb‡qvM 250,000/- 250,000/-
bM` UvKvq AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q| (O) Dc-†gvU 7,46,620/- 18,666/-
4. (P ) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 73,616/-
Rbve kvgmyj n‡Ki G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve :
dmj Drcvw`Z Dki Dki ev‡` ‡gvU UvKv gšÍe¨
cwigvY cwigvY
** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e bv| i)avb 30 gb 1.5 gb (5% 28.5 gb 32,000/- Dki dmj DVvi
hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv †gvU †m‡Pi Rwg ci ciB Av`vq
wn‡m‡e) Kiv n‡q‡Q|
hvKv‡Zi wnmve †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e| †m wnmv‡e (P) †_‡K (Q Gi 2.5%)
(Q) †gvU** 32,000/-
ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q| 6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 72,816/-

GKRb weaev gwnjvi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi GKRb weaev gwnjvi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
LvZ weeiY cwigvb GKK g~j¨ UvKv ‡gvU m¤ú` hvKvZ †hvM¨ hvKvZ UvKv gšÍe¨
wnmv‡ei bgybv bs UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
†gvQv: dv‡Zgv †eMg VvKziMuvI kn‡i wbR evwo‡Z emevm K‡ib| 10 eQi (K) †gvU 16,00,000/- 16,00,000/- 40,000/-
c~‡e© Dbvi ¯^vgx B‡šÍKvj K‡i‡Qb| evwo‡Z †Q‡j Ges Zvi cwievimn 2. bM` A_© :
Av‡Qb| Dwb Dbvi ‰cwÎK m~‡Î I ¯^vgxi DËivaxKvi m~‡Î bM` (i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 1,25,000/- 1,25,000/-
7,00,000/- UvKv †c‡q‡Qb hv e¨vs‡K wd·W wW‡cvwRU Av‡Q| GQvovI 4 (ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 7,00,000/- 7,00,000/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W
Zjv wewkó 1wU evwo †c‡q‡Qb| †hLvb †_‡K fvov wn‡me gv‡m 60,000/- wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
UvKv cvb| Dwb `yB eQi Av‡M †ew·g‡Kv dvg©v-Gi 1,000wU 10/- UvKv
(iii) †kqvi / eÛ †ew·g‡Kv 10/- (‡dBm 10,000/- 10,000/- †dBmf¨vjy †Z wnmve
g~‡jï †kqvi 60,000/- UvKv w`‡q wK‡bwQ‡jb mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z, †Kbv-‡ePvi (mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z) dvg©v-1000 f¨vjy) Kiv n‡q‡Q|***
wbq‡Z bq| e¨w³MZ eënv‡i Rb¨ 40 fwi (466 MÖvg) ¯^Y© AjsKvi Av‡Q (iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q cvIbv - -
Ges bM` 1,25,000/- UvKv Av‡Q| msmv‡ii mKj LiP eo †Q‡j enY (FY)
K‡i| (L) Dc-†gvU 8,35,000/- 8,35,000/- 20,875/-
`vq :
D‡jøL¨ †h, hvKvZ wnmve Kivi w`b †ew·g‡Kvi †kqv‡ii evRvi g~j¨ wQj (i) wb‡Ri FY Av‡Q
80/- UvKv| (M) Dc-†gvU - -
evox fvov †_‡K Avq I wWwf‡WÛ e¨vs‡K Rgv I bM` UvKvq AšÍfz©³ i‡q‡Q| (N) †gvU (L-M) 8,35,000/- 20,875/-
3. eëmvwqK cY¨t
†gvQv: dv‡Zgv †eM‡gi G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : i) mgvcbx ÷K
ii) mgvcbx `vq ( -)
iii) †kqvi / eÛ
** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e bv| (eëmvi wbq‡Z)
hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv †gvU iv) Ab¨vb¨ wewb‡qvM
hvKv‡Zi wnmve †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e| †m wnmv‡e (P) †_‡K (Q Gi 2.5%) (O) †gvU
ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q| 4. (P) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 60,875/-
*** eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e †ew·g‡Kv dvg©vi †kqv‡ii eZ©gvb g~j¨
80/- UvKv wn‡m‡e 80,000/- UvKvi hvKvZ n‡e 2,000/- UvKv| hvKvZ cwigvY cwigvY
`vZv hw` evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvb †m‡ÿ‡Î 2(iii) Gi 10,000 i)
UvKvi hvKvZ 250/- UvKv ev` w`‡q 2,000/- UvKvi hvKvZ †hvM Ki‡Z (Q) †gvU** - -
n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î †gvU hvKvZ n‡e 62,625/- UvKv| 6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 60,875/-

GKRb M„wnbxi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi GKRb M„wnbxi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
wnmv‡ei bgybv bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
†gvmv¤§r AvwQqv †eMg GKRb M„wnbx| Zvi ¯^vgx GKRb eëmvqx| Zvi 2 (K) †gvU 8,00,000/- 8,00,000/- 20,000/-
†Q‡j I 1 †g‡q| mevB cÖwZwôZ| †gvmv¤§r AvwQqv †eM‡gi 20 fwi (233 2. bM` A_© :
MÖvg) ¯^Y©vjsKvi| nv‡Z bM` i‡q‡Q 30,000/- UvKv| e¨vs‡K wb‡Ri bv‡g (i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 30,000/- 30,000/-
Rgv Av‡Q 5,60,000/- UvKv| wcZvi m~‡Î wZwb GKwU d¬¨vU †c‡q‡Qb| hv (ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 5,60,000/- 5,60,000/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W 52,000/- 52,000/-
fvov †`qv| gv‡m 15,000/- UvKv K‡i fvov cvb| e¨vs‡K cÖwZ gv‡m wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm (wWwcGm) (wWwcGm)
2,000/- UvKv wKw¯Í‡Z 5 eQi †gqv`x GKwU wWwcGm i‡q‡Q| hv GL‡bv (iii) †kqvi / eÛ AvBwcAvB- 10/- (‡dBm 5,000/- 5,000/- †dBmf¨vjy †Z wnmve
cwic° nqwb| Z‡e GLb ch©šÍ GLv‡b 52,000/- UvKv Rgv †`qv n‡q‡Q| (mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z) 500 f¨vjy) Kiv n‡q‡Q|***
¯^vgxi wbKU †_‡K Dcnvi wn‡m‡e AvBwcAvB-Gi 500wU †kqvi †c‡q‡Qb| iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q cvIbv 50,000/- 50,000/-
(FY)
Zvi ¯^vgxi GKwU eëmvi mv‡_ 25% wZwb Askx`vi| H eëmvq G eQ‡ii
(L) Dc-†gvU 697,000/- 17,425/-
e¨v‡jÝ kxU Abyhvqx Zvi bv‡g gyjab i‡q‡Q 20,00,000/- UvKv| Dbvi
`vq :
†QvU fvB‡K Zvi cvwievwiK cÖ‡qvR‡b G eQi 50,000/- UvKv avi w`‡q‡Qb|
wKš‘ GL‡bv †diZ cvbwb| Avkv Ki‡Qb K‡qK gv‡mi g‡a¨ †diZ cv‡eb|
(M) Dc-†gvU - -
(N) †gvU (L-M) 697,000/- 17,425/-
†gvmv¤§r AvwQqv †eM‡gi G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : 3. eëmvwqK cY¨ :
i) mgvcbx ÷K
ii) mgvcbx `vq ( -)
iii) †kqvi / eÛ
** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e bv| (eëmvi wbq‡Z)
hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv †gvU iv) ¯^vgxi eëmvq 20,00,000/- 20,00,000/-
wewb‡qvM
(O) †gvU 20,00,000/- 20,00,000/- 50,000/-
ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q|
4. (P ) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 87,425/-
*** eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e AvB.wc.AvB †kqv‡ii eZ©gvb g~j¨ 252/-
UvKv wn‡m‡e 1,26,000/- UvKvi hvKvZ n‡e 3,150/- UvKv| hvKvZ `vZv cwigvY cwigvY
hw` evRvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e hvKvZ w`‡Z Pvb †m‡ÿ‡Î 2(iii) Gi 5,000 UvKvi i)
hvKvZ 125/- UvKv ev` w`‡q 3,150/- UvKvi hvKvZ †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| (Q) †gvU**
G‡ÿ‡Î †gvU hvKvZ n‡e 90,450/- UvKv| 6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 87,425/-

GKRb Lvgvixi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
GKRb Lvgvixi m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi LvZ weeiY cwigvb GKK g~j¨ ‡gvU m¤ú` hvKvZ †hvM¨ hvKvZ gšÍe¨
wnmv‡ei bgybv bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv UvKv 2.5%
1. (i) ¯^Y© / AjsKvi
(ii) †iŠc¨ / AjsKvi
(K) †gvU
Rbve ingZzjøvn 2010 mv‡j ivRkvnx wek^we`¨vjq †_‡K ¯œvZ¥‡KvËi 2. bM` A_© :
wWMÖx cvk Kivi ci wbR MÖv‡g 10wU Miæ wb‡q GKwU Lvgvi ïiæ K‡ib| (i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 80,000/- 80,000/-
eZ©gv‡b Zvi †Kvievbx‡Z wewµi Rb¨ GKwU Miæi Lvgvi, `y‡ai Rb¨ (ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 1,78,000/- 1,78,000/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W
Mvfxi GKwU Lvgvi Ges GKwU gyiMxi Lvgvi Av‡Q| †Kvievbxi Miæi wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
Lvgv‡i Gevi 50wU Miæ 20,00,000/- UvKv `‡i µq K‡i‡Qb| hvi (iii) †kqvi / eÛ
(mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z)
eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ 25,00,000/- UvKv| `y‡ai Lvgv‡i 20wU Mvfx
iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q
Av‡Q; cÖwZw`b cÖvq 150 †KwR `ya wewµ nq| LiP ev` w`‡q GB Lvgvi cvIbv (FY)
†_‡K eQ‡i 6,00,000/- UvKv jvf n‡q‡Q, hv bM` / e¨vs‡K Rgv (L) Dc-†gvU 2,58,000/- 2,58,000/- 6,450/-
`vq :
K‡i‡Qb| gyiMxi Lvgv‡i 5000wU 1 w`‡bi ev”Pv G‡b 3 gvm c‡i wewµ
AvBweweGj †_‡K - 240,000/- - 240,000/-
K‡i †`b| eZ©gv‡b Lvgv‡i 4,900 wU 1.5 gv‡mi gyiMx Av‡Q hvi Bb‡f÷‡g›U
eZ©gvb evRvi g~j¨ 4,00,000/- UvKv| (M) Dc-†gvU - 240,000/- - 240,000/- - 6,000/-
(N) †gvU (L-M) 18,000/- 450/-
3. eëmvwqK cY¨ :
hveZxq LiP ev‡` eZ©gv‡b Zvi nv‡Z bM` 80,000/- UvKv, e¨vs‡K
i) Miæ (Kzievbxi) 25,00,000/- 25,00,000/-
1,78,000/- UvKv Av‡Q| G Qvov Dwb eëmvwqK cÖ‡qvR‡b ii) gyiMx 4,00,000/- 4,00,000/-
3,00,000/- UvKv AvB.we.we.Gj †_‡K wewb‡qvM wb‡qwQ‡jb|wKw¯Í (O) †gvU 29,00,000/- 29,00,000/- 72,500/-
cwi‡kv‡ai ci GLb 2,40,000/- UvKv e‡Kqv i‡q‡Q| 4. (P ) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 72,950/-
Rbve ingZzjøvni G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : cwigvY cwigvY
i)
(Q) †gvU**
6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 72,950/-
** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e bv|
hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv †gvU
ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GKRb K…wlRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv GKRb K…wlRxwei m¤ú‡ì hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei bgybv
(cÖ`Ë e¨w³i bvg I m¤ú` KvíwbK) bs UvKv UvKv m¤ú` UvKv 2.5%
1. (i) ¯^Y© / AjsKvi 22 fwi 40,000/- 8,80,000/- 8,80,000/-
K…lK †gv: †gvL‡jQ wgqv ivRkvnx‡Z emevm K‡ib| Zvi 30 weNv K…wl Rwg (ii) †iŠc¨ / AjsKvi - - -
i‡q‡Q| Zvi 100wU Mv‡Qi GKwU Av‡gi evMvb i‡q‡Q| GB evMvb †_‡K G (K) †gvU 8,80,000/- 8,80,000/- 22,000/-
eQi 4,50,000/- UvKv Avg wewµ K‡i‡Qb| K…wl Rwg‡Z avb, Mg, cvU, 2. bM` A_© :
mwilv I AvL Pvl nq| GLvb †_‡K †gŠmyg †k‡l 100 gY avb †c‡q‡Qb| (i) nv‡Z bM` UvKv 2,50,000/- 2,50,000/-
†mP hy³ Rwg wn‡m‡e 5% Dki eve` 5 gb avb ev` w`‡q †c‡q‡Qb 95 avb, (ii) e¨vs‡K Rgv- 15,45,800/ 15,45,800/-
†mwfsm/PjwZ/wd·W -
50 gY Mg †mP hy³ Rwg Dki wn‡m‡e 5% mgvb 2.5 gb ev` w`‡q 47.5 wW‡cvwRU / wWwcGm
gb Mg, 15 gY mwilv (wbmve cwigvY †_‡K Kg), 40 gY cvU †mP hy³ Rwg (iii) †kqvi / eÛ
(mÂ‡qi wbq‡Z)
Dki wn‡m‡e 5% mgvb 2 gb cvU ev` w`‡q38 gb cvU †c‡q‡Qb| AvL wewµ iv) A‡bï Kv‡Q
K‡i 67,760/- UvKv Avq n‡q‡Q| 1 weNv Rwg‡Z Zvi GKwU †cu‡ci evMvb cvIbv (FY)
i‡q‡Q| GB evMvb †_‡K †gŠmyg †k‡l 45,645/- UvKv BbKvg n‡q‡Q| 3 (L) Dc-†gvU 17,95,800/- 44,895/-
`vq :
weNv RvqMvi Ici GKwU Kjvi evMvb i‡q‡Q| Kjv wewµ K‡i †gŠmyg †k‡l
79,480/- UvKv Avq n‡q‡Q| G Qvov Zvi `yÕwU cyKzi i‡q‡Q hv‡Z wZwb gvQ (M) Dc-†gvU
Pvl K‡ib| `ywU cyKz‡ii gvQ wewµ K‡i eQi †k‡l 45,950/- UvKv Avq (N) †gvU (L-M) 17,95,800/- 44,895/-
K‡i‡Qb| eQi †k‡l Zvi nv‡Z 2,50,000/- UvKv i‡q‡Q| e¨vs‡K 3. eëmvwqK cY¨t
15,45,800/- UvKv Rgv Av‡Q| Dbvi 3 †Q‡j I 2 †g‡q mevB covïbv
K‡i| ¯¿x M„nxwb|Dbvi ¯¿xi 12 fwi (140 MÖvg) ¯^Y© I Kb¨vi 10 fwi (117 i) Avg 4,50,000/- 4,50,000/- nv‡Z bM` UvKvi g‡a¨
MÖvg) ¯^‡Y©i Mnbv Av‡Q (Dbv‡K ¯¿x Zvi MnYvi hvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡iva ii) †c‡c 45,645/- 45,645/- GB Lv‡Zi BbKvg
¸‡jv P‡j G‡m‡Q
K‡i‡Qb †m Rb¨ Mnbvi wnmve GB wnmv‡ei g‡a¨)| iii) Kjv 79,480/- 79,480/-
D‡jøL¨, Avg, Kjv I †c‡c weµ‡qi UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv I bM` UvKvq AšÍfz©³ (O) †gvU *** 5,75,125/- 5,75,125/-
4. (P ) me©‡gvU hvKvZ (K +N+ O) 66,895/-
i‡q‡Q|
†gv: †gvL‡jQ wgqvi G eQ‡ii hvKv‡Zi wnmve : dmj Drcvw`Z Dki Dki ev‡` ‡gvU UvKv gšÍe¨
cwigvY cwigvY
i) avb 100 gb 5 gb 95 gb 1,14,000/- Dki dmj DVvi ci
ciB Av`vq Kiv n‡q‡Q|
** Dki Av`v‡qi ci evKx dmj gRy` _vK‡j G wnmv‡ei g‡a¨ Avm‡e bv| ii) Mg 50 gb 2.5 gb 47.5 gb 47,500/-
iii) cvU 40 gb 2 gb 38 gb 95,000/-
hw` wewµ K‡i UvKv e¨vs‡K A_ev nv‡Z bM‡` _v‡K Zvn‡j G UvKv †gvU
iv) AvL 67,760/- 3,388/- 64,372/- 64,372/-
hvKv‡Zi wnmve †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e| †m wnmv‡e (P) †_‡K (Q Gi 2.5%) v) mwilv 15 gb - 15 gb 30,000/- wbmve †_‡K Kg
ev` w`‡q bxU hvKv‡Zi wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q| nIqvq Dki‡hvM¨ bq
*** eëmvwqK cY¨ wn‡m‡e dj ¸‡jvi UvKv e¨vs‡K Rgv i‡q‡Q weavq G (Q) †gvU** 3,50,872/-
Lv‡Zi hvKvZ †gvU hvKv‡Zi mv‡_ AšÍfz©³ n‡e bv| 6. (R) bxU hvKvZ (P - Q x 2.5%) 58,123/-

MÖš’cwÄ
Avgv‡ì GB ÿz`ª cÖqvmwU m¤úbœ Ki‡Z †hme MÖ‡š’i mn‡hvwMZv †bqv n‡q‡Q Zvi mswÿß ZvwjKv wb‡gœ †`qv n‡jv :
1. cweÎ KziAvb
2. AvnKvgyj KziAvb, Avey evKi Avngv` Beby Avjx Rvmmvm (êiæZ, `viæj wKZvwej Avivex)
3. AvnKvgyj KziAvb, gynv¤§v` Beby Avwãjøvn Bebyj Avivex (êiæZ, `viæ GnBqvBZ Zzivwmj Avivex)
4. Avj-gyqvËv, gvwjK Beby Avbvm (êiæZ, `viæ GnBqvBZ Zzivwmj Avivex, 1951 wLª.)
5. Avj-gymbv`, gynv¤§v` Beby Bw`ªm Avk-kvwdqx (êiæZ, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
6. wKZveyj LvivR, Kvhx Avey BDm~d (êiæZ,`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
7. Avj wKZveyj gymvbœvd, Avãyjøvn Beby gnv¤§v` Bewb Avwe kvBev (êiæZ, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g ms¯‹iY,
1995 wLª.)
8. Avj-gymbv`, Avngv` Beby nv¤^j ( wgmi, Kvq‡iv, gyAvmmvZz KziZzevn)
9. mybvby `vwigx, Avãyjøvn Beby Avwãi ivngvb (wmwiqv, †`gvkK, `viæj Kjg, 1g cÖKvk 1991 wLª:)
10. mwnûj eyLvix, Avey Avwãjøvn gynv¤§v` Bewb BmgvCj (êiæZ, `viæ Kvmxi, Bqvgvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1987 wLª:)
11. mwnn gymwjg, Aveyj ûmvBb gymwjg Bewbj nv¾vR (wgmi, Kvq‡iv, `viæ GnBqvBZ Zzivwmj Avivex)
12. mybvby Avwe `vD`, myjvBgvb Bebyj AvkÕAvk Avm-wmwRmZvbx (Kvq‡iv, `viæj nvw`m, 1g cÖKvk, 1998 wLª:)
13. mybvby Bewb gvRvn, gynv¤§v` Beby Bqvwh` Avj-Kvhexwb (Zzi¯‹, B¯Ív¤^yj, gvKZvevn Bmjvwgq¨vn)
14. mybvby wZiwghx, Avey Cmv gynv¤§v` Bewb Cmv mvIivZv Bewb gymv (êiæZ, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk,
1987 wLª:)
15. mybvby bvmvC, Avngv` Beby ïÕAvBe (êiæZ, `viæj gvÕwidvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1992 wLª: )
16. Avm-mybvbyjKzeiv, AveyevKiAvngv` Beby ûmvBb-evqnvwK, cÖ_g cÖKvk 4_© LÊ
17. Avj-gymbv`, Avey Bqvjv Avj gvDwmjx (wmwiqv, †`gvkK, `viæm mvKvdvn Avj-Avivweq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1992 wLª: )
18. Avm-mnxn, gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK Bewb LyhvBgvn (†mŠw` Avie, wkÿv gš¿Yvjq, 2q cÖKvk 1981 wLª:)
19. Avm-mnxn, Avey nvwZg gynv¤§v` Bewb wneŸvb (g°v, `viæj evh)
20. Zvevivbx, Aveyj Kvwmg myjvBgvb Bewb Avngv` (BivK, IqvKd gš¿Yvjq, 2q ms¯‹iY)
21. Av`-`vivKzZbx, Avjx Beby Dgvi (gw`bv, mvB‡q` Avãyjøvn nvwkg, 1966, wLª:)
22. Avj-gy¯ÍvìvK, Avey Avwãjøvn gynv¤§v` Bewb Avwãjøvn Avj-nvwKg wbmvcyix (êiæZ, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g
ms¯‹iY, 1995 wLª:)
23. evBnvKx, Avngv` Bebyj ûmvBb (êiæZ, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1994 wLª:)
24. gvRgvDh hvIqvB`, Avjx Beby Avex evKi b~iyÏxb Avj-nvBmvgx (êiæZ, `viæj wKZvwej Avivex, 3q cÖKvk, 1982 wLª:)
25. ZvjLxmyj nvexi, Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx (g°v gyKviivgvn, gvKZvevZz wbhvi gymZvdv evh, 1g cÖKvk, 1997 wLª:)
26. eyjy¸j gvivg, Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx (êiæZ, `viæj wdKi)
27. dvZûj evix, Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx (êiæZ, `viæj wdKi)
28. dvZûj K¡v`xi, gynv¤§v` Beby Avjx Avk-kvIKvbx (êiæZ, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
29. Avj-gyMbx, Beby Kz`vgv Avj-gvKw`mx, 1g cÖKvk, 3q LÊ, http://www.shamela.ws
30. mnxûZ ZviMxe IqvZ Zvinxe, bvwmiæÏxb Avjevbx (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÕAvwid, 3q cÖKvk, 1988 wLª:)
31. wmjwmjvZzj Avnv`xwmm mnxnvn, bvwmiæÏxb Avjevbx (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÕAvwid, 3q cÖKvk, 1995 wLª:)
32. Avj-AvgIqvj K¡vwmg Beby mvjvg (cÖ_g cÖKvk cÖ_g LÊ)
33. BiIqvDj Mvjxj, bvwmiæÏxb Avjevbx (êiæZ, Avj-gvKZvevZzj Bmjvgx, 1g cÖKvk, 1979 wLª:)
34. dvZIqv gvngyw`qv, gvngy` nvmvb Mv½ynx (evsjv‡`k,XvKv, gvKZvevZzj Bjwgq¨vn)
35. gvRgy dvZIqv Bewb evh, kvBL web evh (Avm-mvKvdvn Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vn)
36. dvZIqv Bewb wheixb, kvBL web wheixb (Avm-mvKvdvn Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vn)
37. Bmjv‡gi hvKvZ weavb, Avjøvgv BDmyd Avj Kvihvfx (XvKv, evsjvevRvi, Lvqiæb cÖKvkbx, 9g cÖKvk, 2018 wLª:)
38. hvKvZ, gIjvbv gynv¤§v` Ave`yi inxg (XvKv, evsjvevRvi, Lvqiæb cÖKvkbx, 2q cÖKvk, 2010 wLª:)
39. evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ ¸iæZ¡ cÖ‡qvM, W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyjøvn Rvnv½xi (Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ, 2q
ms¯‹iY, 2009 wLª:)
40. AvaywbK †cÖÿvc‡U hvKv‡Zi weavb, W. gynv¤§` iæûj Avwgb iveŸvbx, gydwZ gywnDwÏb Kv‡mgx, evsjv‡`k BmjvwgK
jÕwimvP© A¨vÛ wjM¨vj GBW †m›Uvi, 2018|
80 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve

HVKVZ DK Ii: MNR Wnmve

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HVKVZ DK Ii: MNR Wnmve

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hvKvZ I Dk‡ii

cÖ‡dmi W. G †K Gg m`iæj Bmjvg

hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 7

8 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 9

O. hvKvZ cÖ`vb RvbœvwZ‡`i ¸Yvewj

10 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 11

12 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 13

14 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 15

16 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 17

N. Rvnvbœv‡g hvIqvi KviY

18 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 19

hvKv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨ Aci GK Avqv‡Z Avjøvn e‡jb :

cÖ‡Z¨K Bev`‡ZiB AšÍwb©wnZ wKQy D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K, hvKv‡ZiI Av‡Q| G

20 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 21

22 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 23

ÒGK eQi c~Y© nIqvi Av‡M †Kv‡bv m¤ú‡`i hvKvZ †bB|Ó

24 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 25

26 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 27

28 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 29

30 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 31

32 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 33

34 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 35

36 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 37

M. eÛ, cÖvBR eÛ I BDwbU mvwU©wd‡KU : eÛ, cÖvBR eÛ I BDwbU

38 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 39

cvwjZ cïi wbmve

40 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 41

42 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 43

G nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K Djvgv‡q wKivgMY ¸ßab nIqvi Rb¨ Rv‡nwj

44 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 45

Aci Avqv‡Z e‡jb :

ÒGes dm‡ji hvKvZ cwi‡kva K‡iv Zv N‡i †Zvjvi w`b|Ó

46 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 47

ÒZv‡Z (kvKmewR‡Z) †Kv‡bv hvKvZ †bB|Ó (wZiwghxÑ nvw`m bs 638)

48 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 49

50 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 51

Òivm~j mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg ïaygvÎ 5 cÖKvi dj dm‡ji hvKvZ

Dc‡iv³ nvw`m Ges G ai‡bi Av‡iv wKQz mwnn nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K

52 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 53

hvKvZ I Dki Z…Zxq LvZ

54 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 55

56 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 57

58 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 59

60 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 61

62 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 63

64 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 65

66 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 67

68 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 69

70 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 71

72 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 73

74 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 75

76 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 77

78 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve 79

80 hvKvZ I Dk‡ii mnR wnmve

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