CH 04 - Introduction To Probability: Page 1

CH 04 - Introduction to Probability
1. Each individual outcome of an experiment is called

a. the sample space.
b. a sample point.
c. a trial.
d. an event.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTI BSST.ASWC.17.04.01 - Random experiments, Counting rules and
VES: Assigning probabilities
NATIONAL STANDAR United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
DS:
STATE STANDARDS: United States - AK - DISC: Probability Concepts
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Remember
2. The collection of all possible sample points in an experiment is

a. the sample space.
b. an event.
c. a combination.
d. the population.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
3. A graphical method of representing the sample points of an experiment is a

a. stacked bar chart.
b. dot plot.
c. stem-and-leaf display.
d. tree diagram.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1

4. An experiment consists of selecting a student body president and vice president. All undergraduate students (freshmen
through seniors) are eligible for these offices. How many sample points (possible outcomes as to the classifications) exist?
a. 4
b. 16
c. 8
d. 32
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply
5. Any process that generates well-defined outcomes is

a. an event.
b. an experiment.
c. a sample point.
d. a sample space.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
6. The sample space refers to

a. any particular experimental outcome.
b. the sample size minus one.
c. the set of all possible experimental outcomes.
d. an event.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
7. In statistical experiments, each time the experiment is repeated

a. the same outcome must occur.
b. the same outcome can not occur again.
c. a different outcome might occur.
d. a different out come must occur.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
8. When the assumption of equally likely outcomes is used to assign probability values, the method used to assign
probabilities is referred to as the
a. relative frequency method.
b. subjective method.
c. probability method.
d. classical method.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Understand
9. The counting rule that is used for counting the number of experimental outcomes when n objects are selected from a set
of N objects where order of selection is not important is called the
a. counting rule for permutations.
b. counting rule for combinations.
c. counting rule for independent events.
d. counting rule for multiple-step experiments.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:

10. The counting rule that is used for counting the number of experimental outcomes when n objects are selected from a
set of N objects where order of selection is important is called the
a. counting rule for permutations.
b. counting rule for combinations.
c. counting rule for independent events.
d. counting rule for multiple-step random experiments.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
11. From a group of six people, two individuals are to be selected at random. How many selections are possible?
a. 12
b. 36
c. 15
d. 8
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
12. When the results of experimentation or historical data are used to assign probability values, the method used to assign
probabilities is referred to as the
a. relative frequency method.
c. classical method.
d. posterior method.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

DS:
13. A method of assigning probabilities based upon judgment is referred to as the

a. relative method.
b. probability method.
c. classical method.
d. subjective method.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
14. The intersection of two mutually exclusive events

a. can be any value between 0 to1.
b. must always be equal to 1.
c. must always be equal to 0.
d. can be any positive value.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.03 - Some basic relationships of probability
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
15. Two events are mutually exclusive

a. if their intersection is 1.
b. if they have no sample points in common.
c. if their intersection is 0.5.
d. if most of their sample points are in
common.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
16. The range of probability is

a. 0 to infinity.
b. minus infinity to plus infinity.
c. 0 to 1.
d. -1 to 1.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
17. Which of the following statements is always true?

a. -1 P(Ei) 1
b. P(A) = 1 - P(Ac)
c. P(A) + P(B) = 1
d. ∑P 1
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
18. Events that have no sample points in common are

a. independent events.
b. posterior events.
c. mutually exclusive events.
d. complements.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

19. Initial estimates of the probabilities of events are known as
a. subjective probabilities.
b. posterior probabilities.
c. conditional probabilities.
d. prior probabilities.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.05 - Bayes' Theorem
20. Two events with nonzero probabilities

a. can be both mutually exclusive and independent.
b. can not be both mutually exclusive and independent.
c. are always mutually exclusive.
d. are always independent.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.04 - Conditional Probability
21. The addition law is potentially helpful when we are interested in computing the probability of
a. independent events
b. the intersection of two events
c. the union of two events
d. conditional events
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
22. The sum of the probabilities of two complementary events is

a. 0.
b. 0.5.
c. 0.57.
d. 1.0.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
23. The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment is

a. a sample point.
b. an event.
c. the population.
d. the sample space.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
24. Assuming that each of the 52 cards in an ordinary deck has a probability of 1/52 of being drawn, what is the
probability of drawing a black ace?
a. 1/52
b. 2/52
c. 3/52
d. 4/52
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.02 - Events and their Probabilities
25. If a six sided die is tossed two times and "3" shows up both times, the probability of "3" on the third trial is
a. much larger than any other outcome.
b. much smaller than any other outcome.
c. 1/6.
d. 1/216.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1

DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
26. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.65 and P(A ∩ B) = 0.26, then, P(B) =
a. 0.400.
b. 0.169.
c. 0.390.
d. 0.650.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
27. If P(A) = 0.4, P(B | A) = 0.35, P(A ∪ B) = 0.69, then P(B) =

a. 0.14.
b. 0.43.
c. 0.75.
d. 0.59.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Moderate
LEARNING OBJE BSST.ASWC.17.04.03 - Some basic relationships of probability
CTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.04 - Conditional Probability
NATIONAL STAN United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
DARDS:
STATE STANDAR United States - AK - DISC: Probability Concepts
DS:
28. Of five letters (A, B, C, D, and E), two letters are to be selected at random. How many possible are possible?
a. 20
b. 7
c. 5!
d. 10
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
29. Three applications for admission to a local university are checked, and it is determined whether each applicant is male
or female. The number of sample points in this experiment is
a. 2.
b. 4.
c. 6.
d. 8.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
30. Assume your favorite soccer team has 2 games left to finish the season. The outcome of each game can be win, lose or
tie. The number of possible outcomes is
a. 2.
b. 4.
c. 6.
d. 9.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
31. Each customer entering a department store will either buy or not buy some merchandise. An experiment consists of
following 3 customers and determining whether or not they purchase any merchandise. The number of sample points in
this experiment is
a. 2.
b. 4.
c. 6.
d. 8.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
32. An experiment consists of tossing 4 coins successively. The number of sample points in this experiment is
a. 16.
b. 8.
c. 4.
d. 2.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
33. An experiment consists of three steps. There are four possible results on the first step, three possible results on the
second step, and two possible results on the third step. The total number of experimental outcomes is
a. 9.
b. 14.
c. 24.
d. 36.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
34. If two events are independent, then

a. they must be mutually exclusive.
b. the sum of their probabilities must be equal to one.
c. their intersection must be zero.

d. the product of their probabilities gives their
intersection.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
35. Bayes' theorem is used to compute

a. the prior probabilities.
b. the union of events.
c. intersection of events.
d. the posterior probabilities.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
36. The symbol ∩ shows the

a. union of events.
b. intersection of two events.
c. sum of the probabilities of events.
d. sample space.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
37. The symbol ∪ shows the

a. union of events.
b. intersection of two events.
c. sum of the probabilities of events.
d. sample space.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
38. The multiplication law is potentially helpful when we are interested in computing the probability of
a. mutually exclusive events.
b. the intersection of two
events.
c. the union of two events.
d. conditional events.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
39. The union of events A and B is the event containing all the sample points belonging to
a. B or A.
b. A or B.
c. A or B or both.
d. A or B, but not both.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
40. If a penny is tossed three times and comes up heads all three times, the probability of heads on the fourth trial is
a. 0.
b. 1/16.
c. 1/2.
d. larger than the probability of
tails.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
41. If a coin is tossed three times, the likelihood of obtaining three heads in a row is
a. 0.0.
b. 0.500.
c. 0.875.
d. 0.125.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
42. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.5, then P(A ∩ B)
a. is 0.00.
b. is 1.00.
c. is 0.5.
d. None of these alternatives is correct.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
43. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.4 and P(B) = 0.6, then P(A ∩ B) =
a. 0.76.
b. 1.00.
c. 0.24.
d. 0.20.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
44. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.2 and P(B) = 0.6, then P(A ∪ B) =
a. 0.62.

b. 0.12.
c. 0.60.
d. 0.68.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
45. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.05 and P(B) = 0.65, then P(A ⏐ B) =
a. 0.05.
b. 0.0325.
c. 0.65.
d. 0.8.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
46. If A and B are mutually exclusive events with P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.5, then P(A ∩ B) =
a. 0.30.
b. 0.15.
c. 0.00.
d. 0.20.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
47. If A and B are mutually exclusive events with P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.5, then P(A ∪ B) =
a. 0.00.
b. 0.15.
c. 0.80.
d. 0.20.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
48. A lottery is conducted using three urns. Each urn contains chips numbered from 0 to 9. One chip is selected at random
from each urn. The total number of sample points in the sample space is
a. 30.
b. 100.
c. 729.
d. 1,000.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
49. Of the last 100 customers entering a computer shop, 25 have purchased a computer. If the classical method for
computing probability is used, the probability that the next customer will purchase a computer is
a. 0.25.
b. 0.50.
c. 1.00.
d. 0.75.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
50. Events A and B are mutually exclusive with P(C) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.2. Then, P(B c) =
a. 0.06.
b. 0.50.
c. 0.70.
d. 0.80.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
51. An experiment consists of four outcomes with P(E1) = 0.2, P(E2) = 0.3, and P(E3) = 0.4. The probability of outcome
E4 is
a. 0.500.
b. 0.024.
c. 0.100.
d. 0.900.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
52. Events A and B are mutually exclusive. Which of the following statements is also true?
a. A and B are also
independent.
b. P(A ∪ B) = P(A)P(B)
c. P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B)
d. P(A ∩ B) = P(A) + P(B)
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
53. A six-sided die is tossed 3 times. The probability of observing three ones in a row is
a. 1/6.
b. 3/6.
c. 1/27.
d. 1/216.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
54. The probability of the occurrence of event A in an experiment is 1/3. If the experiment is performed 2 times and event
A did not occur, then on the third trial event A
a. must occur.
b. may occur.
c. could not occur.
d. has a 2/3 probability of occurring.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
55. A perfectly balanced coin is tossed 6 times, and tails appears on all six tosses. Then, on the seventh trial
a. tail can not appear.
b. head has a larger chance of appearing than tail.
c. tail has a better chance of appearing than head.
d. tail has same chance of appearing as the head.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
56. In an experiment, events A and B are mutually exclusive. If P(A) = 0.6, then the probability of B
a. cannot be larger than 0.4.
b. can be any value greater than 0.6.
c. can be any value between 0 to 1.
d. cannot be determined with the information given.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
57. A method of assigning probabilities which assumes that the experimental outcomes are equally likely is referred to as
the
a. objective method.
b. classical method.
c. subjective method.
d. experimental method.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
58. A method of assigning probabilities based on historical data is called the

a. classical method.
c. relative frequency method.
d. historical method.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
59. If P(A) = 0.58, P(B) = 0.44, and P(A ∩ B) = 0.25, then P(A ∪ B) =
a. 1.02.
b. 0.77.
c. 0.11.
d. 0.39.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
60. If P(A) = 0.62, P(B) = 0.47, and P(A ∪ B) = 0.88, then P(A ∩ B) =
a. 0.2914.
b. 1.9700.
c. 0.6700.
d. 0.2100.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
61. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.4 and P(B) = 0.25, then P(A ∪ B) =
a. 0.65.
b. 0.55.
c. 0.10.
d. 0.75.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
62. If P(A) = 0.50, P(B) = 0.40 and P(A ∪ B) = 0.88, then P(B |A) =
a. 0.02.
b. 0.03.
c. 0.04.
d. 0.05.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
63. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.38 and P(B) = 0.55, then P(A | B) =
a. 0.209.
b. 0.000.
c. 0.550.
d. 0.380.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
64. If X and Y are mutually exclusive events with P(A) = 0.295, P(B) = 0.32, then P(A | B) =
a. 0.0944.
b. 0.6150.
c. 1.0000.
d. 0.0000.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
65. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.35 and P(B) = 0.20, then, P(A ∪ B) =
a. 0.07.
b. 0.62.
c. 0.55.
d. 0.48.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DARDS:
DS:
66. If P(A) = 0.7, P(B) = 0.6, P(A ∩ B) = 0, then events A and B are
a. non-mutually exclusive.
b. mutually exclusive.
c. independent events.
d. complements of each other.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
67. If P(A) = 0.45, P(B) = 0.55, and P(A ∪ B) = 0.78, then P(A | B) =
a. 0.00
b. 0.45
c. 0.22
d. 0.40
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
68. If P(A) = 0.48, P(A ∪ B) = 0.82, and P(B) = 0.54, then P(A ∩ B) =
a. 0.3936.
b. 0.3400.
c. 0.2000.
d. 1.0200.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

69. Some of the CDs produced by a manufacturer are defective. From the production line, 5 CDs are selected and
inspected. How many sample points exist in this experiment?
a. 10
b. 25
c. 30
d. 32
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
70. Six applications for admission to a local university are checked, and it is determined whether each applicant is male or
female. How many sample points exist in the above experiment?
a. 64
b. 32
c. 16
d. 4
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
71. Assume your favorite soccer team has 3 games left to finish the season. The outcome of each game can be win, lose,
or tie. How many possible outcomes exist?
a. 7
b. 27
c. 36
d. 64
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:

72. Each customer entering a department store will either buy or not buy some merchandise. An experiment consists of
following 4 customers and determining whether or not they purchase any merchandise. How many sample points exist in
the above experiment? (Note that each customer is either a purchaser or non-purchaser.)
a. 2
b. 4
c. 12
d. 16
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
73. From nine cards numbered 1 through 9, two cards are drawn. Consider the selection and classification of the cards as
odd or even as an experiment. How many sample points are there for this experiment?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 9
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
74. A college plans to interview 8 students for possible offer of graduate assistantships. The college has three
assistantships available. How many groups of three can the college select?
ANSWER: 56
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
75. A student has to take 9 more courses before he can graduate. If none of the courses are prerequisite to others, how
many groups of four courses can he select for the next semester?
ANSWER: 126
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
76. From among 8 students how many committees consisting of 3 students can be selected?
ANSWER: 56
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
77. From a group of seven finalists to a contest, three individuals are to be selected for the first and second and third
places. Determine the number of possible selections.
ANSWER: 210
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
78. Ten individuals are candidates for positions of president and vice president of an organization. How many possibilities
of selections exist?
ANSWER: 90
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:

79. Assume you have applied for two jobs A and B. The probability that you get an offer for job A is 0.23. The probability
of being offered job B is 0.19. The probability of getting at least one of the jobs is 0.38.
a. What is the probability that you will be offered both jobs?
b. Are events A and B mutually exclusive? Why or why not? Explain.
ANSWER: a. 0.04
b. No, because P(A ∩ B) ≠ 0
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJEC BSST.ASWC.17.04.03 - Some basic relationships of probability
TIVES:
NATIONAL STAND United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
ARDS:
STATE STANDARD United States - AK - DISC: Probability Concepts
S:
KEYWORDS: Bloom's: Apply | Bloom's: Understand
80. Assume you have applied for two scholarships, a Merit scholarship (M) and an Athletic scholarship (A). The
probability that you receive an Athletic scholarship is 0.18. The probability of receiving both scholarships is 0.11. The
probability of getting at least one of the scholarships is 0.3.
a. What is the probability that you will receive a Merit scholarship?
b. Are events A and M mutually exclusive? Why or why not? Explain.
c. Are the two events A and M independent? Explain using probabilities.
What is the probability of receiving the Athletic scholarship given that you have been
d.
awarded the Merit scholarship?
What is the probability of receiving the Merit scholarship given that you have been awarded
e.
the Athletic scholarship?
ANSWER:
a. 0.23
b. No, because P(A ∩ M) ≠ 0
c. No, because P(A ∩ M) ≠ P(A) P(M)
d. 0.4783
e. 0.6111
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Challenging
DARDS:
DS:
81. A survey of a sample of business students resulted in the following information regarding the genders of the
individuals and their selected major.
Selected Major

Gender Management Marketing Others Total
Male 40 10 30 80
Female 30 20 70 120
Total 70 30 100 200
a. What is the probability of selecting an individual who is majoring in Marketing?

What is the probability of selecting an individual who is majoring in Management, given that
b.
the person is female?
c. Given that a person is male, what is the probability that he is majoring in Management?
d. What is the probability of selecting a male individual?
ANSWER:
a. 0.15
b. 0.25
c. 0.50
d. 0.40
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJEC BSST.ASWC.17.04.04 - Conditional Probability
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
82. Sixty percent of the student body at UTC is from the state of Tennessee (T), 30% percent are from other states (O),
and the remainder are international students (I). Twenty percent of students from Tennessee live in the dormitories,
whereas, 50% of students from other states live in the dormitories. Finally, 80% of the international students live in the
dormitories.
a. What percentage of UTC students live in the dormitories?
Given that a student lives in the dormitory, what is the probability that she/he is an
b.
international student?
Given that a student lives in the dormitory, what is the probability that she/he is from
c.
Tennessee?
ANSWER:
a. 35%
b. 0.2286 (rounded)
c. 0.3429 (rounded)
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
83. The probability of an economic decline in the year 2008 is 0.23. There is a probability of 0.64 that we will elect a
republican president in the year 2008. If we elect a republican president, there is a 0.35 probability of an economic
decline. Let "D" represent the event of an economic decline, and "R" represent the event of election of a Republican
president.
a. Are "R" and "D" independent events?
b. What is the probability of a Republican president and economic decline in the year 2008?
If we experience an economic decline in the year 2008, what is the probability that there will
c.
a Republican president?
What is the probability of economic decline or a Republican president in the year 2008?
d.
Hint: You want to find P(D ∪ R).
ANSWER:
a. No, because P(D) ≠ P(D ⏐ R)
b. 0.224
c. 0.9739
d. 0.646
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
84. As a company manager for Claimstat Corporation there is a 0.40 probability that you will be promoted this year. There
is a 0.72 probability that you will get a promotion, a raise, or both. The probability of getting a promotion and a raise is
0.25.
a. If you get a promotion, what is the probability that you will also get a raise?
b. What is the probability that you will get a raise?
c. Are getting a raise and being promoted independent events? Explain using probabilities.
d. Are these two events mutually exclusive? Explain using probabilities.
ANSWER:
a. 0.625
b. 0.57
c. No, because P(R) ≠ P(R ⏐ P)
d. No, because P(R ∩ P) ≠ 0
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
85. A company plans to interview 10 recent graduates for possible employment. The company has three positions open.
How many groups of three can the company select?
ANSWER: 120
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
86. A student has to take 7 more courses before she can graduate. If none of the courses are prerequisites to others, how
many groups of three courses can she select for the next semester?
ANSWER: 35
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
87. How many committees, consisting of 3 female and 5 male students, can be selected from a group of 5 female and 8
male students?
ANSWER: 560
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
88. Six vitamin and three sugar tablets identical in appearance are in a box. One tablet is taken at random and given to
Person A. A tablet is then selected and given to Person B. What is the probability that
a. Person A was given a vitamin tablet?
b. Person B was given a sugar tablet given that Person A was given a vitamin tablet?
c. neither was given vitamin tablets?
d. both were given vitamin tablets?
e. exactly one person was given a vitamin tablet?
f. Person A was given a sugar tablet and Person B was given a vitamin tablet?
g. Person A was given a vitamin tablet and Person B was given a sugar tablet?
ANSWER:
a. 6/9
b. 3/8
c. 1/12
d. 5/12
e. 1/2
f. 1/4
g. 1/4
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
89. The sales records of a real estate agency show the following sales over the past 200 days:
Number of Number
Houses Sold of Days
0 60
1 80
2 40
3 16
4 4
a. How many sample points are there?

b. Assign probabilities to the sample points and show their values.
c. What is the probability that the agency will not sell any houses in a given day?
d. What is the probability of selling at least 2 houses?
e. What is the probability of selling 1 or 2 houses?
f. What is the probability of selling less than 3 houses?
ANSWER:
a. 5

b. Number of
Houses Sold Probability
0 0.30
1 0.40
2 0.20
3 0.08
4 0.02

c. 0.3
d. 0.3
e. 0.6
f. 0.9
POINTS: 1
LEARNING O BSST.ASWC.17.04.01 - Random experiments, Counting rules and Assigning
BJECTIVES: probabilities
BSST.ASWC.17.04.02 - Events and their Probabilities
NATIONAL ST United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
ANDARDS:

STATE STAND United States - AK - DISC: Probability Concepts
ARDS:
90. A bank has the following data on the gender and marital status of 200 customers.
Male Female
Single 20 30
Married 100 50
a. What is the probability of finding a single female customer?

b. What is the probability of finding a married male customer?
c. If a customer is female, what is the probability that she is single?
d. What percentage of customers is male?
e. If a customer is male, what is the probability that he is married?
f. Are gender and marital status mutually exclusive?
g. Is marital status independent of gender? Explain using probabilities.
ANSWER:
a. 0.15
b. 0.5
c. 0.375
d. 60%
e. 0.833
f. No, the intersection is not zero.
They are not independent because P(male) = 0.6 P(male⏐single) =
g.
0.4
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
91. An applicant has applied for positions at Company A and Company B. The probability of getting an offer from
Company A is 0.4, and the probability of getting an offer from Company B is 0.3. Assuming that the two job offers are
independent of each other, what is the probability that
a. the applicant gets an offer from both companies?
b. the applicant will get at least one offer?
c. the applicant will not be given an offer from either company?
d. Company A does not offer her a job, but Company B does?
ANSWER:
a. 0.12
b. 0.58
c. 0.42
d. 0.18
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
92. An experiment consists of throwing two six-sided dice and observing the number of spots on the upper faces.
Determine the probability that
a. the sum of the spots is 3.
b. each die shows four or more spots.
c. the sum of the spots is not 3.
d. neither a one nor a six appear on each die.
e. a pair of sixes appear.
f. the sum of the spots is 7.
ANSWER:
a. 2/36
b. 9/36
c. 34/36
d. 16/36
e. 1/36
f. 6/36
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJEC BSST.ASWC.17.04.02 - Events and their Probabilities
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
93. Two of the cylinders in an eight-cylinder car are defective and need to be replaced. If two cylinders are selected at
random, what is the probability that
a. both defective cylinders are selected?
b. no defective cylinder is selected?
c. at least one defective cylinder is selected?
ANSWER:
a. 2/56
b. 30/56
c. 26/56
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
94. Assume two events A and B are mutually exclusive and, furthermore, P(A) = 0.2 and P(B) = 0.4.
a. Find P(A ∩ B).
b. Find P(A ∪ B).
c. Find P(A ⏐ B).
ANSWER:
a. 0.0
b. 0.6
c. 0.0
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
95. A government agency has 6,000 employees. The employees were asked whether they preferred a four-day work week
(10 hours per day), a five-day work week (8 hours per day), or flexible hours. You are given information on the
employees' responses broken down by sex.
Male Female Total
Four days 300 600 900
Five days 1,200 1,500 2,700
Flexible 300 2,100 2,400
Total 1,800 4,200 6,000
What is the probability that a randomly selected employee is a man and is in favor of a four-
a.
day work week?
b. What is the probability that a randomly selected employee is female?
A randomly selected employee turns out to be female. Compute the probability that she is in
c.
favor of flexible hours.
d. What percentage of employees is in favor of a five-day work week?
Given that a person is in favor of flexible time, what is the probability that the person is
e.
female?
f. What percentage of employees is male and in favor of a five-day work week?
ANSWER:
a. 0.05
b. 0.7
c. 0.5
d. 45%
e. 0.875
f. 20%
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
96. Forty percent of the students who enroll in a statistics course go to the statistics laboratory on a regular basis. Past data
indicates that 65% of those students who use the lab on a regular basis make a grade of A in the course. On the other hand,
only 10% of students who do not go to the lab on a regular basis make a grade of A. If a particular student made an A,
determine the probability that she or he used the lab on a regular basis.
ANSWER: 0.8125
POINTS: 1
97. A corporation has 15,000 employees. Sixty-two percent of the employees are male. Twenty-three percent of the
employees earn more than $30,000 a year. Eighteen percent of the employees are male and earn more than $30,000 a year.
a. If an employee is taken at random, what is the probability that the employee is male?
If an employee is taken at random, what is the probability that the employee earns more than
b.
$30,000 a year?
If an employee is taken at random, what is the probability that the employee is male and
c.
earns more than $30,000 a year?
If an employee is taken at random, what is the probability that the employee is male or earns
d.
more than $30,000 a year?
The employee taken at random turns out to be male. Compute the probability that he earns
e.
more than $30,000 a year.
f. Are being male and earning more than $30,000 a year independent?
ANSWER:
a. 0.62
b. 0.23
c. 0.18
d. 0.67
e. 0.2903
f. No
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
98. In the two upcoming basketball games, the probability that UTC will defeat Marshall is 0.63, and the probability that
UTC will defeat Furman is 0.55. The probability that UTC will defeat both opponents is 0.3465.
a. What is the probability that UTC will defeat Furman given that they defeat Marshall?
b. What is the probability that UTC will win at least one of the games?
c. What is the probability of UTC winning both games?
d. Are the outcomes of the games independent? Explain and substantiate your answer.
ANSWER:
a. 0.55
b. 0.8335
c. 0.3465
Yes. Because probability of UTC defeating both opponents is equal to the
d. probability of UTC defeating Marshall x the probability of UTC defeating
Furman.

POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
99. A small town has 5,600 residents. The residents in the town were asked whether or not they favored building a new
bridge across the river. You are given the following information on the residents' responses, broken down by sex.
Men Women Total
In Favor 1,400 280 1,680
Opposed 840 3,080 3,920
Total 2,240 3,360 5,600
Let: M be the event a resident is a man
W be the event a resident is a woman
F be the event a resident is in favor
P be the event a resident is opposed
a. Find the joint probability table.

b. Find the marginal probabilities.
What is the probability that a randomly selected resident is a man and is in favor of building
c.
the bridge?
d. What is the probability that a randomly selected resident is a man?
e. What is the probability that a randomly selected resident is in favor of building the bridge?
What is the probability that a randomly selected resident is a man or in favor of building the
f.
bridge?
A randomly selected resident turns out to be male. Compute the probability that he is in favor
g.
of building the bridge.
ANSWER: a and b
M W Total

F .25 .05 .3
P .15 .55 .7
Total .40 .60 1.0
c. 0.25
d. 0.4
e. 0.3
f. 0.45
g. 0.625
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
100. On a recent holiday evening, a sample of 500 drivers was stopped by the police. Three hundred were under 30 years
of age. A total of 250 were under the influence of alcohol. Of the drivers under 30 years of age, 200 were under the
influence of alcohol.
Let A be the event that a driver is under the influence of alcohol.

Let Y be the event that a driver is less than 30 years old.
a. Determine P(A) and P(Y).
b. What is the probability that a driver is under 30 and not under the influence of alcohol?
Given that a driver is not under 30, what is the probability that he/she is under the influence
c.
of alcohol?
What is the probability that a driver is under the influence of alcohol, when we know the
d.
driver is under 30?
e. Show the joint probability table.
f. Are A and Y mutually exclusive events? Explain.
g. Are A and Y independent events? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. P(Y) = 0.6 P(A) = 0.5
b. 0.2
c. 0.25
d. 0.667
e. A Ac
Y 0.4 0.2
c
Y 0.1 0.3

f. No, P(A ∩ Y) ≠ 0
g. No, P(A⏐Y) ≠ P(A)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY Challenging
:
LEARNING O BSST.ASWC.17.04.02 - Events and their Probabilities
BJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.03 - Some basic relationships of probability
BSST.ASWC.17.04.04 - Conditional Probability
NATIONAL S United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
TANDARDS:
STATE STAN United States - AK - DISC: Probability Concepts
DARDS:
101. You are given the following information on Events A, B, C, and D.

P(A) = .4 P(A ∪ D) = .6
P(B) = .2 P(A⏐B) = .3
P(C) = .1 P(A ∩ C) = .04
P(A ∩ D) = .03
a. Compute P(D).
b. Compute P(A ∩ B).
c. Compute P(A⏐C).
d. Compute the probability of the complement of C.
e. Are A and B mutually exclusive? Explain your answer.
f. Are A and B independent? Explain your answer.
g. Are A and C mutually exclusive? Explain your answer.
h. Are A and C independent? Explain your answer.
ANSWER:
a. 0.23
b. 0.06
c. 0.4
d. 0.9
e. No, P(A ∩ B) ≠ 0
f. No, P(A ⏐ B) ≠ P(A)
g. No, P(A ∩ C) ≠ 0
h. Yes, P(A ⏐ C) = P(A)
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY Challenging
:
LEARNING O BSST.ASWC.17.04.02 - Events and their Probabilities
BJECTIVES: BSST.ASWC.17.04.03 - Some basic relationships of probability
BSST.ASWC.17.04.04 - Conditional Probability
NATIONAL S United States - BUSPROG: Analytic
TANDARDS:
STATE STAN United States - AK - DISC: Probability Concepts
DARDS:
102. In a city, 60% of the residents live in houses and 40% of the residents live in apartments. Of the people who live in
houses, 20% own their own business. Of the people who live in apartments, 10% own their own business. If a person
owns his or her own business, find the probability that he or she lives in a house.
ANSWER: 0.75
POINTS: 1
103. Four workers at a fast food restaurant pack the take-out chicken dinners. John packs 45% of the dinners but fails to
include a salt packet 4% of the time. Mary packs 25% of the dinners but omits the salt 2% of the time. Sue packs 30% of
the dinners but fails to include the salt 3% of the time. You have purchased a dinner and there is no salt.
a. Find the probability that John packed your dinner.
b. Find the probability that Mary packed your dinner.
ANSWER:
a. 0.5625
b. 0.15625
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJEC BSST.ASWC.17.04.05 - Bayes' Theorem
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
104. A statistics professor has noted from past experience that a student who follows a program of studying two hours for
each hour in class has a probability of 0.9 of getting a grade of C or better, while a student who does not follow a regular
study program has a probability of 0.2 of getting a C or better. It is known that 70% of the students follow the study
program. Find the probability that a student who has earned a C or better grade, followed the program.
ANSWER: 0.9130
POINTS: 1
105. All the employees of ABC Company are assigned ID numbers. The ID number consists of the first letter of an
employee's last name, followed by four numbers.
a. How many possible different ID numbers are there?
How many possible different ID numbers are there for employees whose last name starts
b.
with an A?
ANSWER:
a. 260,000
b. 10,000
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJEC BSST.ASWC.17.04.01 - Random experiments, Counting rules and
TIVES: Assigning probabilities
ARDS:
S:
106. Assume you have applied to two different universities (let's refer to them as Universities A and B) for your graduate
work. In the past, 25% of students (with similar credentials as yours) who applied to University A were accepted, while
University B accepted 35% of the applicants. Assume events are independent of each other.
a. What is the probability that you will be accepted to both universities?
b. What is the probability that you will be accepted to at least one graduate program?
c. What is the probability that one and only one of the universities will accept you?
d. What is the probability that neither university will accept you?
ANSWER:
a. 0.0875
b. 0.5125
c. 0.425
d. 0.4875
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
107. The following table shows the number of students in three different degree programs and whether they are graduate
or undergraduate students:
Undergraduate Graduate Total
Business 150 50 200
Engineering 150 25 175
Arts & Sciences 100 25 125
Total 400 100 500
a. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is an undergraduate?

b. What percentage of students are engineering majors?
If we know that a selected student is an undergraduate, what is the probability that he or she
c.
is a business major?
A student is enrolled in the Arts and Sciences school. What is the probability that the student
d.
is an undergraduate student?
e. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is a graduate Business major?
ANSWER:
a. 0.8
b. 35%
c. 0.375
d. 0.8
e. 0.1
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
108. A survey of business students who had taken the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) indicated that
students who have spent at least five hours studying GMAT review guides have a probability of 0.85 of scoring above
400. Students who do not review have a probability of 0.65 of scoring above 400. It has been determined that 70% of the
business students review for the test.
a. Find the probability of scoring above 400.
b. Find the probability that a student who scored above 400 reviewed for the test.
ANSWER:
a. 0.79
b. 0.7532
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
109. A machine is used in a production process. From past data, it is known that 97% of the time the machine is set up
correctly. Furthermore, it is known that if the machine is set up correctly, it produces 95% acceptable (non-defective)
items. However, when it is set up incorrectly, it produces only 40% acceptable items.
An item from the production line is selected. What is the probability that the selected item is
a.
non-defective?
Given that the selected item is non-defective, what is the probability that the machine is set
b.
up correctly?
ANSWER:
a. 0.9335
b. 0.9871
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:

110. A committee of 4 is to be selected from a group of 12 people. How many possible committees can be selected?
ANSWER: 495
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
111. Assume a businessman has 7 suits and 8 ties. He is planning to take 3 suits and 2 ties with him on his next business
trip. How many possibilities of selection does he have?
ANSWER: 980
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
112. The results of a survey of 800 married couples and the number of children they had is shown below.
Number of Children Probability
0 0.050
1 0.125
2 0.600
3 0.150
4 0.050
5 0.025
If a couple is selected at random, what is the probability that the couple will have
a. Less than 4 children?
b. More than 2 children?
c. Either 2 or 3 children?
ANSWER:
a. 0.925
b. 0.225
c. 0.75
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
113. Assume that in your hand you hold an ordinary six-sided die and a dime. You toss both the die and the dime on a
table.
a. What is the probability that a head appears on the dime and a six on the die?
What is the probability that a tail appears on the dime and any number more than 3 on the
b.
die?
c. What is the probability that a number larger than 2 appears on the die?
ANSWER:
a. 1/12
b. 3/12
c. 8/12
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
114. A very short quiz has one multiple choice question with five possible choices (a, b, c, d, e) and one true or false
question. Assume you are taking the quiz but do not have any idea what the correct answer is to either question, but you
mark an answer anyway.
a. What is the probability that you have given the correct answer to both questions?
b. What is the probability that only one of the two answers is correct?
c. What is the probability that neither answer is correct?
d. What is the probability that only your answer to the multiple choice question is correct?
e. What is the probability that you have only answered the true or false question correctly?
ANSWER:
a. 1/10
b. 5/10
c. 4/10
d. 1/10
e. 4/10
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
115. Assume that each year the IRS randomly audits 10% of the tax returns. If a married couple has filed separate returns,
a. What is the probability that both the husband and the wife will be audited?
b. What is the probability that only one of them will be audited?
c. What is the probability that neither one of them will be audited?
d. What is the probability that at least one of them will be audited?
ANSWER:
a. 0.01
b. 0.18
c. 0.81
d. 0.19
POINTS: 1
LEARNING OBJEC BSST.ASWC.17.04.03 - Some basic relationships of probability
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
116. Tammy is a general contractor and has submitted two bids for two projects (A and B). The probability of getting
project A is 0.65. The probability of getting project B is 0.77. The probability of getting at least one of the projects is 0.90.
a. What is the probability that she will get both projects?
b. Are the events of getting the two projects mutually exclusive? Explain, using probabilities.
c. Are the two events independent? Explain, using probabilities.
ANSWER:
a. 0.52
b. No, the intersection is not zero.
c. No, P(A⏐B) = 0.6753 ≠ P(A)
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
117. Assume you are taking two courses this semester (A and B). The probability that you will pass course A is 0.835, the
probability that you will pass both courses is 0.276. The probability that you will pass at least one of the courses is 0.981.
a. What is the probability that you will pass course B?
Is the passing of the two courses independent events? Use probability information to justify
b.
your answer.
c. Are the events of passing the courses mutually exclusive? Explain.
ANSWER:
a. 0.422
b. No, P(A⏐B) = 0.654 ≠ P(A)
c. No, the intersection is not zero.
POINTS: 1

TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
118. In a random sample of UTC students 50% indicated they are business majors, 40% engineering majors, and 10%
other majors. Of the business majors, 60% were females; whereas, 30% of engineering majors were females. Finally, 20%
of the other majors were female.
a. What percentage of students in this sample was female?
b. Given that a person is female, what is the probability that she is an engineering major?
ANSWER:
a. 44%
b. 0.2727
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
119. In a recent survey in a Statistics class, it was determined that only 60% of the students attend class on Fridays. From
past data it was noted that 98% of those who went to class on Fridays pass the course, while only 20% of those who did
not go to class on Fridays passed the course.
a. What percentage of students is expected to pass the course?
Given that a person passes the course, what is the probability that he/she attended classes on
b.
Fridays?
ANSWER:
a. 66.8%
b. 0.88
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
120. You are applying for graduate school at University A. In the past 42% of the applicants to this university have been
accepted. It is also known that 70% of those students who have been accepted have had GMAT scores in excess of 550
while 40% of the students who were not accepted had GMAT scores in excess of 550. You take the GMAT exam and
score 640. What is the probability that you will be accepted into graduate school of university A? (Round to 4 decimal
places.)
ANSWER: 0.5589 (rounded)
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
121. In a recent survey about appliance ownership, 58.3% of the respondents indicated that they own Maytag appliances,
while 23.9% indicated they own both Maytag and GE appliances and 70.7% said they own at least one of the two
appliances.
Define the events as

M = Owning a Maytag appliance
G = Owning a GE appliance
a. What is the probability that a respondent owns a GE appliance?
Given that a respondent owns a Maytag appliance, what is the probability that the respondent
b.
also owns a GE appliance?
Are events "M" and "G" mutually exclusive? Why or why not? Explain, using
c.
probabilities.
d. Are the two events "M" and "G" independent? Explain, using probabilities.
ANSWER:
a. 0.363
b. 0.4099
c. No, the intersection is 0.239 and not zero
d. No, P(G⏐M) = 0.4099 which is not equal to P(G) = 0.363
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
122. Records of a company show that 20% of the employees have only a high school diploma; 70% have bachelor
degrees; and 10% have graduate degrees. Of those with only a high school diploma, 10% hold management positions;
whereas, of those having bachelor degrees, 40% hold management positions. Finally, 80% of the employees who have
graduate degrees hold management positions.
a. What percentage of employees hold management positions?
b. Given that a person holds a management position, what is the probability that she/he has a
graduate degree?
ANSWER:
a. 38%
b. 0.2105
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
123. Records of a company show that 15% of the employees have only a high school diploma; 75% have bachelor
degrees; and 10% have graduate degrees. Of those with only a high school diploma, 12% hold management positions;
whereas, of those having bachelor degrees, 58% hold management positions. Finally, 82% of the employees who have
graduate degrees hold management positions.
Given that a person holds a management position, what is the probability that she/he has a
b.
graduate degree?
ANSWER:
a. 53.5%
b. 0.1533
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
124. From a group of three finalists for a privately endowed scholarship, two individuals are to be selected for the first and
second places. Determine the number of possible selections.
ANSWER: 6
POINTS: 1
DS:
125. Eight individuals are candidates for positions of president, vice president, and treasurer of an organization. How
many possibilities of selections exist?

ANSWER: 336
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
126. In a horse race, nine horses are running. Assume you have purchased a Trifecta ticket. (In Trifecta, the player selects
three horses as first, second, and third place winners. To win, those three horses must finish the race in the precise order
the player has selected.) How many possibilities of a Trifecta exist?
ANSWER: 504
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
127. An automobile dealer has kept records on the customers who visited his showroom. Forty percent of the people who
visited his dealership were female. Furthermore, his records show that 35% of the females who visited his dealership
purchased an automobile, while 20% of the males who visited his dealership purchased an automobile. Let
A1 = the event that the customer is female
A2 = the event that the customer is male
a. What is the probability that a customer entering the showroom will buy an automobile?
A car salesperson has just informed us that he sold a car to a customer. What is the
b.
probability that the customer was female?
ANSWER: a. 0.26
b. 0.538
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
128. In a recent survey of computer ownership, 73.4% of the respondents indicated they own PC computers, while 21.8%
indicated they own both PC and Mac computers, and 80.1% said they own at least one of the two computers.
a. What is the probability that a respondent owns a Mac computer?
Given that a respondent owns a PC, what is the probability that the respondent also owns a
b.
Mac?
c. Are events “P” and “M” mutually exclusive? Why or why not? Explain using probabilities.
d. Are the two events “P” and “M” independent? Explain, using probabilities.
ANSWER: a. 0.285
b. 0.297
c. No, because P(P ∩ M) ≠ 0
d. No, because P(P ∩ M) ≠ P(P) P(M)
POINTS: 1
DARDS:
DS:
129. Records of a company show that 15% of the employees have only a high school diploma (H), 75% have bachelor
degrees (B), and 10% have graduate degrees (G). Of those with only a high school diploma, 12% hold management
positions; whereas, of those having bachelor degrees, 58% hold management positions. Finally, 82% of the employees
who have graduate degrees hold management positions.
Given that a person holds a management position, what is the probability that she/he has a
b.
graduate degree?
ANSWER: a. 0.535
b. 0.1533
POINTS: 1
TIVES:
ARDS:
S:
130. The probability of at least one head in two flips of a coin is

a. 0.25.
b. 0.33.
c. 0.50.
d. 0.75.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
131. Revised probabilities of events based on additional information are

a. joint probabilities.
b. posterior probabilities.
c. marginal probabilities.
d. complementary probabilities.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
132. Posterior probabilities are computed using

a. relative frequency.
b. Chebyshev’s theorem.
c. the empirical rule.
d. Bayes' theorem.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
133. The complement of P(A | B) is

a. P(AC | B).
b. P(A | BC).
c. P(B | A).
d. P(A I B).
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

134. An element of the sample space is
a. an event.
b. an experiment.
c. a sample point.
d. a permutation.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
135. The probability of an intersection of two events is computed using the

a. addition law.
b. subtraction law.
c. multiplication
law.
d. division law.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
136. If A and B are mutually exclusive, then

a. P(A) + P(B) = 0.
b. P(A) + P(B) = 1.
c. P(A ∩ B) = 0.
d. P(A ∩ B) = 1.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
137. Posterior probabilities are

a. simple probabilities.
b. marginal probabilities.
c. joint probabilities.
d. conditional probabilities.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
138. A graphical representation in which the sample space is represented by a rectangle and events are represented as
circles is called a
a. Frequency polygon.
b. Venn diagram.
c. Pareto chart.
d. Box plot.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
139. A collection of sample points is

a. an event.
b. a union.
c. an
intersection.
d. a permutation.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
140. If P(A) = 0.38, P(B) = 0.83, and P(A ∩ B) = 0.24; then P(A ∪ B) =
a. 1.21.
b. .97.
c. .76.
d. 1.45.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
141. If P(A) = 0.75, P(A ∪ B) = 0.86, and P(A ∩ B) = 0.56, then P(B) =
a. 0.25.
b. 0.67.
c. 0.56.
d. 0.11.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
142. If P(A) = 0.62, P(B) = 0.56, and P(A ∪ B) = 0.70, then P(B | A) =
a. .4800.
b. .7742.
c. .9032.
d. .3472.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
143. If P(A ∩ B) = 0,
a. P(A) + P(B) = 1.
b. either P(A) = 0 or P(B) = 0.
c. A and B are mutually exclusive events.
d. A and B are independent events.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

144. The probability of an event is
a. the sum of the probabilities of the sample points in the event.
b. the product of the probabilities of the sample points in the event.
c. the minimum of the probabilities of the sample points in the event.
d. the maximum of the probabilities of the sample points in the
event.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
145. In the set of all past due accounts, let the event A mean the account is between 31 and 60 days past due and the event
B mean the account is that of a new customer. The intersection of A and B is
a. all new customers.
b. all accounts fewer than 31 or more than 60 days past due.
c. all accounts from new customers and all accounts that are from 31 to 60 days past
due.
d. all new customers whose accounts are between 31 and 60 days past due.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
B mean the account is that of a new customer. The union of A and B is
due.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
B mean the account is that of a new customer. The complement of A is
due.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
148. A list of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called the

a. sample space.
b. sample point.
c. event.
d. likelihood set.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
149. Which of the following is not a proper sample space when all undergraduates at a university are considered?
a. S = {in-state, out-of-state}
b. S = {freshmen, sophomores}
c. S = {age under 21, age 21 or over}
d. S = {a business major, not a business major}
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy
DS:
150. If A and B are independent events with P(A) = .1 and P(B) = .4, then
a. P(A ∩ B) = 0.
b. P(A ∩ B) = .
04.
c. P(A ∪ B) = .5.
d. P(A ∩ B) = .
25.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Easy

CH 04 - Introduction To Probability: Page 1

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

CH 04 - Introduction To Probability: Page 1

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

CH 04 - Introduction to Probability

1. Each individual outcome of an experiment is called

2. The collection of all possible sample points in an experiment is

3. A graphical method of representing the sample points of an experiment is a

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1

5. Any process that generates well-defined outcomes is

6. The sample space refers to

7. In statistical experiments, each time the experiment is repeated

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4

13. A method of assigning probabilities based upon judgment is referred to as the

14. The intersection of two mutually exclusive events

15. Two events are mutually exclusive

16. The range of probability is

17. Which of the following statements is always true?

18. Events that have no sample points in common are

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6

20. Two events with nonzero probabilities

22. The sum of the probabilities of two complementary events is

23. The set of all possible outcomes of an experiment is

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8

27. If P(A) = 0.4, P(B | A) = 0.35, P(A ∪ B) = 0.69, then P(B) =

34. If two events are independent, then

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 11

35. Bayes' theorem is used to compute

36. The symbol ∩ shows the

37. The symbol ∪ shows the

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14

58. A method of assigning probabilities based on historical data is called the

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 22

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 23

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 25

Selected Major

a. What is the probability of selecting an individual who is majoring in Marketing?

a. How many sample points are there?

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 30

a. What is the probability of finding a single female customer?

a. Find the joint probability table.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 35

Let A be the event that a driver is under the influence of alcohol.

101. You are given the following information on Events A, B, C, and D.

a. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is an undergraduate?

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 40

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 43

Define the events as

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 46

A1 = the event that the customer is female

A2 = the event that the customer is male

130. The probability of at least one head in two flips of a coin is

131. Revised probabilities of events based on additional information are

132. Posterior probabilities are computed using

133. The complement of P(A | B) is

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 49

135. The probability of an intersection of two events is computed using the

136. If A and B are mutually exclusive, then

137. Posterior probabilities are

139. A collection of sample points is

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 52

148. A list of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called the

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 55

Вам также может понравиться