UKA TARSADIA UNIVERSITY

B.Tech (Mechanical) ( Semester 6 )

030050601(2013-14)
Theory of Machines - 2
Date :06/05/2017 Time :9:30AM- 12:30PM
Max. Marks:60
Instructions :
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Write each section in a separate answer book.
3. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
4. Draw diagrams/figures whenever necessary.
5. Figures to the right indicate full marks allocated to that question.
6. Follow usual meaning of notations/abbreviations.
SECTION - 1
Q 1 A) Answer the following in brief (Any 1) [2]
I) What is breaking torque?

II) State the desirable characteristics of material used in brake lining.

III) What is self-locking brake?

Q 1 B) Answer the following (Any 2) [8]

I) A vehicle moving on a rough plane inclined at 12° with the horizontal at a speed of 36 km/h has a wheel
base 1.8 meters. The centre of gravity of the vehicle is 0.8 meter from the rear wheels and 0.9 meter
above the inclined plane. Find the distance travelled by the vehicle before coming to rest and the time
taken to do so when the vehicle moves up the plane. The brakes are applied to all the four wheels and
the coefficient of friction is 0.45.

II) A double block brake, as shown in figure below, is set by a spring that produces a force of 3.5 kN. The
brake drum diameter is 300 mm and the angle of contact for each block is 100°. If the co efficient of
friction between block and drum is 0.4, determine the maximum torque that can be absorbed.
 III) The simple band brake, as shown in figure below, is applied to a shaft carrying a flywheel of mass 400
kg. The radius of gyration of the flywheel is 450 mm and runs at 300 r.p.m. If the coefficient of friction is
0.2 and the brake drum diameter is 240 mm. Then find out the torque applied due to a hand load of 100
N.
 

Q 2 A) Answer the following in brief (Any 1) [2]

I) What is the function of governor?

II) Give classification of governor.

III) Define height of governor with a neat sketch.

Q 2 B) Answer the following (Any 2) [8]

I) Derive the relationship between speed and height of Watt Governor.

II) The arms of a Porter governor are each 250 mm long and pivoted on the governor axis. The mass of
each ball is 5 kg and the mass of the central sleeve is 30 kg. The radius of rotation of the balls is 150
mm when the sleeve begins to rise and reaches a value of 200 mm for maximum speed. Determine the
speed range of the governor. If the friction at the sleeve is equivalent of 20 N of load at the sleeve,
determine how the speed range is modified.

III) A Hartnell governor with a central spring under compression has rotating masses of 2.5 kg each. The
vertical and horizontal arms of the bell crank levers are respectively 100 mm and 50 mm long and are at
right angles. The extreme radii of rotation of masses are 70 mm and 110 mm. The minimum equilibrium
speed is 400 rpm and maximum equilibrium speed is 10 % higher than the minimum speed. Neglecting
the obliquity of the arms determine the spring stiffness and initial compression of the spring.

Q 3 A) Answer the following in brief (Any 1) [2]

I) Define: Angular velocity.

II) What is gyroscope?

III) Define: Rolling of ship.

Q 3 B) Answer the following (Any 2) [8]

I) An aeroplane flies at 650 km/hr. The rotor of the engine weighs 4500 kg with radius of gyration of 1 m.
The speed of rotor is 4600 rpm in clockwise direction when seen from front side of the aeroplane. If the
plane takes a loop downwards in a curve of 90 meters radius, find gyroscopic couple developed. Also
show the gyroscopic effects.

II) A ship propelled by a turbine rotor has a mass of 6 tonnes and a speed of 1800 rpm. The rotor has a
radius of gyration of 0.6 m and rotates in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from the stern. Find
the gyroscopic effects when ship sails at a speed of 40 km/h and steers to the left in a curve having 50
m radius.

III) A four wheeled vehicle is travelling along a track of 100 meters mean radius. Each of the four road
wheels has a moment of inertia of 3 kg-m2 and an effective diameter of 0.6 m. The rotating parts of the
engine have a moment of inertia of 1.6 kg-m2. The engine axis is parallel to the rear axle and the
crankshaft rotates in the same sense as the road wheels. The ratio of engine speed to back axle speed
is 4:1. The automobile has a mass of 1600 kg and has its centre of gravity 0.6 m above road level. The
width of the track of the vehicle is 1.6 m. Determine the limiting speed of the vehicle around the curve for
all four wheels to maintain contact with the road surface. Assume that the road surface is not cambered
and centre of gravity of the automobile lies centrally with respect to the four wheels.
 SECTION - 2
Q 4 A) Answer the following in brief (Any 1) [2]

I) What is the function of flywheel?

II) Give the relationship between moment of inertia, angular acceleration and torque.

III) What is turning moment diagram?

Q 4 B) Answer the following (Any 2) [8]

I) Enlist the differences between flywheel and governor.

II) A flywheel with a mass of 3000 kg has a radius of gyration of 1.6 m. Find the energy stored in the
flywheel when its speed increases from 315 rpm to 340 rpm.

III) A flywheel absorbs 24 kJ of energy on increasing its speed from 210 rpm to 214 rpm. Determine its
kinetic energy at 250 rpm.

Q 5 A) Answer the following in brief (Any 1) [2]

I) What is piston effort?

II) Define: Static force.

III) Define: Moment of inertia.

Q 5 B) Answer the following (Any 2) [8]

I) The lengths of crank and connecting rod of the reciprocating engine are 450 mm and 1100 mm
respectively. The crank makes an angle of 45 degrees with inner dead centre and revolves clockwise at
uniform speed of 400 rpm. Find the following parameters by Klein’s construction method:
1) Velocity and acceleration of the crank,
2) Velocity and acceleration of the connecting rod.

II) The crank and connecting rod of reciprocating engine are 250 mm and 850 mm respectively. The crank
makes an angle of 55 degrees with inner dead centre and revolves at uniform speed of 470 rpm. Find
the following things, by Klein’s construction method:
1) Velocity and acceleration of the crank,
2) Velocity and acceleration of the piston.

III) In the slider crank mechanism, the lengths of crank and connecting rod are 400 mm and 1000 mm
respectively. The crank makes an angle of 60 degrees with the line of slider motion. The crank rotates
counter-clockwise at uniform speed of 240 rpm. Find the following by Klein’s construction method:
1) Velocity and acceleration of the connecting rod,
2) Velocity and acceleration of the piston.

Q 6 A) Answer the following in brief (Any 1) [2]

I) Analysis comes after the synthesis of mechanism. (Yes/No)

II) What are the two types of error that occur in the synthesis of mechanisms?

III) Name the synthesis that determines the proportions or lengths of the links necessary to satisfy the
required motion characteristics.
Q 6 B) Answer the following (Any 2) [8]
I) Write a short note on function generation.

II) For the four bar linkage shown in the figure, calculate the co-ordinates of the points A, B, C and D.

                            

             

III) Derive the linear relationship between x and input angle θ, from the figure shown below.