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Chapter 1
Introduction
Collect data
e.g., Survey.
Present data
e.g., Tables and graphs.
Characterize data
e.g., The sample mean.
VARIABLES
Variables are a characteristics of an item or individual and are what you
analyze when you use a statistical method.
DATA
Data are the different values associated with a variable.
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
Data values are meaningless unless their variables have operational
definitions, universally accepted meanings that are clear to all associated
with an analysis.
SAMPLE
A sample is the portion of a population selected for analysis. The
sample is the “small group”
PARAMETER
A parameter is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic
of a population.
STATISTIC
A statistic is a numerical measure that describes a characteristic of
a sample.
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