Mechanical 1

Sindh Board of Technical Education
CURRICULUM
3-Year
Diploma of Associate Engineer

(D.A.E.)
(Mechanical Technology)
Diploma of Associate Engineer 2
Center for Curriculum Research & Development

Sindh Board of Technical Education,
Karachi.
MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY
SCHEME OF STUDIES
S. Contact Hours
Page.
No Code Subject T P C No.
.
1st Year
Gen-111 Islamiat and Pak. Studies 1 0 1 3-11
Eng-112 English 2 0 2 12-14
Math-113 Applied Mathematics-I 3 0 3 15-21
Phy-122 Applied Physics 1 3 2 22-28
Ch-112 Applied Chemistry 1 3 2 29-35
MT-116 Workshop Practice-I 2 12 6 36-46
i) Metal Work
ii) Wood Work
iii) Welding & Forging
iv) Foundry
v) Theory
Comp- 1 3 2
Computer Applications 47-52
122
MT-131 Safety Practice & Procedure 1 0 0 53-58
MT-143 Basic Engineering Drawing and CAD-I 1 6 3 59-69
2nd Year
Gen-211 Islamiat & Pakistan Studies 1 0 1 70-75
Phy-212 Applied Physics 1 3 2 76-83
Math-212 Applied Mathematics-II 2 0 2 84-90
Mgm-211 Business Communication 1 0 1 91-95
Business Management & Industrial 1 0 1 96-102
Mgm-221
Economics
ET-202 Applied Electricity & Electronics 1 3 2 103-108
MT-212 Metrology 1 3 2 109-118
MT-223 Engineering Drawing-II 1 6 3 119-129
i) Machine Drawing
ii) CAD-II
MT-236 Workshop Practice-II 2 12 6 130-146
i) Machine Shop
ii) Foundry & Pattern Making
iii) Adv. Welding
iv) Theory
MT-242 Metallurgy 2 0 2 147-155
3rd Year
Gen-311 Islamiat/Pakistan Studies 1 0 1 156-163
Industrial Management & Human 1 0 1 164-170
Mgm-311
Relations
MT-312 Hydraulics and Hydraulic Machines 1 3 2 171-178
Applied Thermodynamics and Energy 2 3 3 179-187
MT-323 Conservation
MT-332 Industrial Engineering 1 3 2 188-194
3 Mechanical Technology
(Industrial Planning & Production Method)

MT-343 Machine Design 2 3 3 195-204
MT-353 Tool Design and Making 2 3 3 205-212
MT-362 Materials testing & Heat treatment 1 3 2 213-220
Workshop Practice-II 2 6 4 221-229
MT-374
(Advance Machine Shop & Project)
MT-382 Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) 1 3 2 230-237
According to New SBTE Paper Pattern 2009 According to the Syllabus of Sindh Board of Technical Education, Karachi
)‫(الزمي‬
GEN - 111
)‫برائے ڈپلومہ آف ایسوسی ایٹ انجیئرز (سال اول‬

‫مکینکل ٹینکنالوجی‬
‫پروفیسر) محمد) طارق‬

‫پروفیسر) محمد) اطہر‬

‫عظیم اکیڈمی‬
7231448 ‫) فون‬-‫ اردو بازار الہور‬-22
Eng-112 ENGLISH
Total contact hours

Theory 64 T P C
Practical 0 2 0 2
AIMS At the end of the course, the students will be equipped with cognitive skill to enable
them to present facts in a systematic and logical manner to meet the language
demands of dynamic field of commerce and industry for functional day-to-day use
and will inculcate skills of reading, writing and comprehension.
COURSE CONTENTS
ENGLISH PAPER "A"
1 PROSE/TEXT 16 hours
1.1 First eight essays of Intermediate English Book-II
2 CLOZE TEST 4 hours

2.1 A passage comprising 50-100 words will be selected from the text. Every 11th
word or any word for that matter will be omitted. The number of missing
word will range between 5-10. The chosen word may or may not be the one
used in the text, but it should be an appropriate word.
ENGLISH PAPER "B"
3 GRAMMAR 26 hours
3.1 Sentence Structure.
3.2 Tenses.
3.3 Parts of speech.
3.4 Punctuation.
3.5 Change of Narration.
3.6 One word for several
3.7 Words often confused
4. COMPOSITION 8 hours
4.1 Letters/Messages
4.2 Job application letter
4.3 For character certificate/for grant of scholarship
4.4 Telegrams, Cablegrams and Radiograms, Telexes, Facsimiles
4.5 Essay writing
4.6 Technical Education, Science and Our life, Computers,

Environmental Pollution, Duties of a Student.
5. TRANSLATION 6 hours
5.1 Translation from Urdu into English.
For Foreign Students: A paragraph or a dialogue.
Eng-112 ENGLISH
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
PAPER-A
1. DEMONSTRATE BETTER READING, COMPREHENSION AND
VOCABULARY
1.1 Manipulate, skimming and scanning of the text.
1.2 Identify new ideas.
1.3 Reproduce facts, characters in own words
1.4 Write summary of stories
2. UNDERSTAND FACTS OF THE TEXT

2.1 Rewrite words to fill in the blanks recalling the text.
2.2 Use own words to fill in the blanks.
PAPER-B
3. APPLY THE RULES OF GRAMMAR IN WRITING AND SPEAKING
3.1 Use rules of grammar to construct meaningful sentences containing a subject
and a predicate.
3.2 State classification of time, i.e present, past and future and use verb tense
correctly in different forms to denote relevant time.
3.3 Identify function words and content words.
3.4 Use marks of punctuation to make sense clear.
3.5 Relate what a person says in direct and indirect forms.
3.6 Compose his writings.
3.7 Distinguish between confusing words.
4. APPLY THE CONCEPTS OF COMPOSITION WRITING TO PRACTICAL

SITUATIONS
4.1 Use concept to construct applications for employment, for character
certificate, for grant of scholarship.
4.2 Define and write telegrams, cablegrams and radiograms, telexes, facsimiles
4.3 Describe steps of a good composition writing.
4.4 Describe features of a good composition.
4.5 Describe methods of composition writing
4.6 Use these concepts to organize facts and describe them systematically in
practical situation.
5. APPLIES RULES OF TRANSLATION

5.1 Describe confusion.
5.2 Describe rules of translation.
5.3 Use rules of translation from Urdu to English in simple paragraph and
sentences.
According to the Syllabus of Sindh Board of Technical Education, Karachi
TECHNICAL
ENGLISH
According to New SBTE Paper Pattern 2009
ENG-112
Diploma of Associate Engineer (1st Year)

Mechanical Technology
Syed Mazhar Abbas Shah

Miss. Saba Naz
Azeem Academy
Publishers & Book Sellers
22-Urdu Bazar, Lahore. Ph. 7231448
Math-113 APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I

T P C
3 0 3
Total Contact Hours
Theory 96 Hours.
Pre-requisite: Must have completed a course of Elective Mathematics at Matric level.
AIMS: After completing the course the students will be able to

1. Solve problems of Algebra, Trigonometry, vectors, Mensuration, Matrices and
Determinants.
2. Develop skill, mathematical attitudes and logical perception in the use of
mathematical instruments as required in the technological fields.
3. Acquire mathematical clarity and insight in the solution of technical problems.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS 6 Hours

1.1 Standard Form
1.2 Solution
1.3 Nature of roots
1.4 Sum & Product of roots
1.5 Formation
1.6 Problems
2. ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION AND SERIES. 3 Hours

2.1 Sequence
2.2 Series
2.3 nth term
2.4 Sum of the first n terms
2.5 Means
2.6 Problems
3. GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION AND SERIES. 3 Hours

3.1 nth term
3.2 Sum of the first n terms
3.3 Means
3.4 Infinite Geometric progression
3.5 Problems
4. BINOMIAL THEOREM 6 Hours

4.1 Factorials
4.2 Binomial Expression
4.3 Binomial Co-efficient
4.4 Statement
4.5 The General Term
4.6 The Binomial Series
4.7 Problems.
5. PARTIAL FRACTIONS 6 Hours

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Linear Distinct FactorsCase I
5.3 Linear Repeated Factors Case II
5.4 Quadratic Distinct Factors Case III
5.5 Quadratic Repeated Factors Case IV
5.6 Problems
6. FUNDAMENTALS OF TRIGONOMETRY 6 Hours

6.1 Angles
6.2 Quadrants
6.3 Measurements of Angles
6.4 Relation between Sexagesimal & circular system
6.5 Relation between Length of a Circular Arc & the Radian Measure of its
central Angle
6.6 Problems
7. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS AND RATIOS 6 Hours

7.1 Trigonometric functions of any angle
7.2 Signs of trigonometric Functions
7.3 Trigonometric Ratios of particular Angles
7.4 Fundamental Identities
7.5 Problems
8. GENERAL IDENTITIES 6 Hours

8.1 The Fundamental Law
8.2 Deductions
8.3 Sum & Difference Formulae
8.4 Double Angle Identities
8.5 Half Angle Identities
8.6 Conversion of sum or difference to products
8.7 Problems
9. SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 6 Hours

9.1 The law of Sines

9.2 The law of Cosines
9.3 Measurement of Heights & Distances
9.4 Problems
10. MENSURATION OF SOLIDS 30 Hours
10.1 Review of regular plane figures and Simpson's Rule
10.2 Prisms
10.3 Cylinders
10.4 Pyramids
10.5 Cones
10.6 Frusta
10.7 Spheres
11. VECTORS 9 Hours

11.1 Scalers & Vectors
11.2 Addition & Subtraction
11.3 The unit Vectors i, j, k
11.4 Direction Cosines
11.5 Scaler or Dot Product
11.6 Deductions
11.7 Dot product in terms of orthogonal components
11.8 Vector or cross Product
11.9 Deductions
11.10 Analytic Expression for a x b.
11.11 Problems
12. MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS 9 Hours

12.1 Definition of Matrix
12.2 Rows & Columns
12.3 Order of a Matrix
12.4 Algebra of Matrices
12.5 Determinants
12.6 Properties of Determinants
12.7 Solution of Linear Equations
12.8 Problems
Math-113 APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I
1. USE DIFFERENT METHODS FOR THE SOLUTION OF QUADRATIC

EQUATIONS.
1.1 Define a standard quadratic equation.
1.2 Use methods of factorization and method of completing the square for
solving the equations.
1.3 Derive quadratic formula.
1.4 Write expression for the discriminant.
1.5 Explain nature of the roots of a quadratic equation.
1.6 Calculate sum and product of the roots.
1.7 Form a quadratic equation from the given roots.
1.8 Solve problems involving quadratic equations.
2. UNDERSTAND APPLY CONCEPT OF ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION AND

SERIES.
2.1 Define an Arithmetic sequence and a series.
2.2 Derive formula for the nth term of an A.P.
2.3 Explain Arithmetic Mean between two given numbers.
2.4 Insert n Arithmetic means between two numbers.
2.5 Derive formulas for summation of an Arithmetic series.
2.6 Solve problems on Arrthimetic Progression and Series..
3. UNDERSTAND GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION AND SERIES.

3.1 Define a geometric sequence and a series.
3.2 Derive formula for nth term of a G.P.
3.3 Explain geometric mean between two numbers.
3.4 Insert n geometric means between two numbers.
3.5 Derive a formula for the summation of geometric Series.
3.6 Deduce a formula for the summation of an infinite G.P.
3.7 Solve problems using these formulas.
4. EXPAND AND EXTRACT ROOTS OF A BINOMIAL.

4.1 State binomial theorem for positive integral index.
4.2 Explain binomial coefficients: (n,0), (n,1).....,(n,r)......, (n,n)
4.3 Derive expression for the general term.
4.4 Calculate the specified terms.
4.5 Expand a binomial of a given index.
4.6 Extract the specified roots.
4.7 Compute the approximate value to a given decimal place.
4.8 Solve problems involving binomials.
5. RESOLVE A SINGLE FRACTION INTO PARTIAL FRACTIONS USING

DIFFERENT METHODS.
5.1 Define a partial fraction, a proper and an improper fraction.
5.2 Explain all the four types of partial fractions.
5.3 Set up equivalent partial fractions for each type.
5.4 Explain the methods for finding constants involved.
5.5 Resolve a single fraction into partial fractions.
5.6 Solve problems involving all the four types.
6. UNDERSTAND SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES.

6.1 Define angles and the related terms.
6.2 Illustrate the generation of an angle.
6.3 Explain sexagesimal and circular systems for the measurement of angles.
6.4 Derive the relationship between radian and degree.
6.5 Convert radians to degrees and vice versa.
6.6 Derive a formula for the circular measure of a central angle.
6.7 Use this formula for solving problems.
7. APPLY BASIC CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF TRIGONOMETRIC

FUNCTIONS.
7.1 Define the basic trigonometric functions/ratios of an angle as ratios of
the sides of a right triangle.
7.2 Derive fundamental identities.
7.3 Find trigonometric ratios of particular angles.
7.4 Draw the graph of trigonometric functions.
7.5 Solve problems involving trigonometric functions.
8. USE TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES IN SOLVING TECHNOLOGICAL

PROBLEMS.
8.1 List fundamental identities.
8.2 Prove the fundamental law.
8.3 Deduce important results.
8.4 Derive sum and difference formulas.
8.5 Establish half angle,double angle & triple angle formulas.
8.6 Convert sum or difference into product & vice versa.
8.7 Solve problems.
9. USE CONCEPTS, PROPERTIES AND LAWS OF TRIGONOMETRIC

FUNCTIONS FOR SOLVING TRIANGLES.
9.1 Define angle of elevation and angle of depression.
9.2 Prove the law of sines and the law of cosines.
9.3 Explain elements of a triangle.
9.4 Solve triangles and the problems involving heights and distances.
10. USE PRINCIPLES OF MENSURATION IN FINDING SURFACES, VOLUMES

AND WEIGHTS OF SOLIDS.
10.1 Define mensuration of plane and solid figures.
10.2 List formulas for perimeters & areas of plane figure.
10.3 Define pyramid and cone.
10.4 Define frusta of pyramid and cone.
10.5 Define a sphere and a shell.
10.6 Calculate the total surface and volume of each type of solid.
10.7 Compute weight of solids.
10.8 Solve problems of these solids.
11. USE THE CONCEPT AND PRINCIPLES OF VECTORS IN SOLVING

TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS.
11.1 Define vector quantity.
11.2 Explain addition and subtraction of vector.
11.3 Illustrate unit vectors i, j, k.
11.4 Express a vector in the component form.
11.5 Explain magnitude, unit vector, direction cosines of a vector.
11.6 Derive analytic expression for dot product and cross product of two vector.
11.7 Deduce conditions of perpendicularity and parallelism of two vectors.
11.8 Solve problems
12. USE THE CONCEPT OF MATRICES & DETERMINANTS IN SOLVING

12.1 Define a matrix and a determinant.
12.2 List types of matrices.
12.3 Define transpose, adjoint and inverse of a matrix.
12.4 State properties of determinants.
12.5 Explain basic concepts.
12.6 Explain algebra of matrices.
12.7 Solve linear equation by matrices.
12.8 Explain the solution of a determinant.
12.9 Use Crammers Rule for solving linear equations.
APPLIED
MATHEMATICS-I
MATH-113

Syed Munawwar Ali

Afaq Muhammad
Azeem Academy

Phy-122 APPLIED PHYSICS
Total Contact Hours

Theory 32
T P C
Practicals 96 1 3 2
AIMS: The students will be able to understand the fundamental principles and concept of
physics, use these to solve problems in practical situations/technological courses and
understand concepts to learn advance physics/technical courses.
COURSE CONTENTS
1 MEASUREMENTS. 2 Hours.
1.1 Fundamental units and derived units
1.2 Systems of measurement and S.I. units
1.3 Concept of dimensions, dimensional formula
1.4 Conversion from one system to another
1.5 Significant figures
2 SCALARS AND VECTORS. 4 Hours.

2.1 Revision of head to tail rule
2.2 Laws of parallelogram, triangle and polygon of forces
2.3 Resolution of a vector
2.4 Addition of vectors by rectangular components
2.5 Multiplication of two vectors, dot product and cross product
3 MOTION 4 Hours.
3.1 Review of laws and equations of motion
3.2 Law of conservation of momentum
3.3 Angular motion
3.4 Relation between linear and angular motion
3.5 Centripetal acceleration and force
3.6 Equations of angular motion
4 TORQUE, EQUILIBRIUM AND ROTATIONAL INERTIA. 4 Hours.

4.1 Torque
4.2 Centre of gravity and centre of mass
4.3 Equilibrium and its conditions
4.4 Torque and angular acceleration
4.5 Rotational inertia
5 WAVE MOTION. 5 Hours

5.1 Review Hooke's law of elasticity
5.2 Motion under an elastic restoring force
5.3 Characteristics of simple harmonic motion
5.4 S.H.M. and circular motion
5.5 Simple pendulum
5.6 Wave form of S.H.M.
5.7 Resonance
5.8 Transverse vibration of a stretched string
6 SOUND. 5 Hrs
6.1 Longitudinal waves
6.2 Intensity, loudness, pitch and quality of sound
6.3 Units of Intensity of level and frequency response of ear
6.4 Interference of sound waves silence zones, beats
6.5 Acoustics
6.6 Doppler effect.
7 LIGHT. 5 Hours
7.1 Review laws of reflection and refraction
7.2 Image formation by mirrors and lenses
7.3 Optical instruments
7.4 Wave theory of light
7.5 Interference, diffraction, polarization of light waves
7.6 Applications of polarization in sunglasses, optical activity and stress
analysis
8 OPTICAL FIBER. 2 Hours

8.1 Optical communication and problems
8.2 Review total internal reflection and critical angle
8.3 Structure of optical fiber
8.4 Fiber material and manufacture
8.5 Optical fiber - uses.
9 LASERS. 3 Hours
9.1 Corpuscular theory of light
9.2 Emission and absorption of light
9.3 Stimulated absorption and emission of light
9.4 Laser principle
9.5 Structure and working of lasers
9.6 Types of lasers with brief description.
9.7 Applications (basic concepts)
9.8 Material processing
9.9 Laser welding

9.10 Laser assisted machining
9.11 Micro machining
9.12 Drilling, scribing and marking
9.13 Printing
9.14 Lasers in medicine
1 USE CONCEPTS OF MEASUREMENT TO PRACTICAL SITUATIONS AND

1.1 Write dimensional formulae for physical quantities
1.2 Derive units using dimensional equations
1.3 Convert a measurement from one system to another
1.4 Use concepts of measurement and Significant figures in problem solving.
2 USE CONCEPTS OF SCALARS AND VECTORS IN SOLVING PROBLEMS

INVOLVING THESE CONCEPTS.
2.1 Explain laws of parallelogram, triangle and polygon of forces
2.2 Describe method of resolution of a vector into components
2.3 Describe method of addition of vectors by rectangular components
2.4 Differentiate between dot product and cross product of vectors
2.5 Use the concepts in solving problems involving addition resolution and
multiplication of vectors.
3 USE THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM AND CONCEPTS OF

ANGULAR MOTION TO PRACTICAL SITUATIONS.
3.1 Use law of conservation of momentum to practical/technological
problems.
3.2 Explain relation between linear and angular motion
3.3 Use concepts and equations of angular motion to solve relevant
technological problems.
4 USE CONCEPTS OF TORQUE, EQUILIBRIUM AND ROTATIONAL

INERTIA TO PRACTICAL SITUATION/PROBLEMS.
4.1 Explain Torque
4.2 Distinguish between Centre of gravity and centre of mass
4.3 Explain rotational Equilibrium and its conditions
4.4 Explain Rotational Inertia giving examples
4.5 Use the above concepts in solving technological problems.
5 USE CONCEPTS OF WAVE MOTION IN SOLVING RELEVANT PROBLEMS.

5.1 Explain Hooke's Law of Elasticity
5.2 Derive formula for Motion under an elastic restoring force
5.3 Derive formulae for simple harmonic motion and simple pendulum
5.4 Explain wave form with reference to S.H.M. and circular motion
5.5 Explain Resonance
5.6 Explain Transverse vibration of a stretched string
5.7 Use the above concepts and formulae of S.H.M. to solve relevant
problems.
6 UNDERSTAND CONCEPTS OF SOUND.
6.1 Describe longitudinal wave and its propagation
6.2 Explain the concepts: Intensity, loudness, pitch and quality of sound
6.3 Explain units of Intensity of level and frequency response of ear
6.4 Explain phenomena of silence zones, beats
6.5 Explain Acoustics of buildings
6.6 Explain Doppler effect giving mathematical expressions.
7 USE THE CONCEPTS OF GEOMETRICAL OPTICS TO MIRRORS and

LENSES.
7.1 Explain laws of reflection and refraction
7.2 Use mirror formula to solve problems
7.3 Use the concepts of image formation by mirrors and lenses to describe
working of optical instruments, e.g. microscopes, telescopes, camera and sextant.
8 UNDERSTAND WAVE THEORY OF LIGHT

8.1 Explain wave theory of light
8.2 Explain phenomena of interference, diffraction, polarization of light
waves
8.3 Describe uses of polarization given in the course contents.
9 UNDERSTAND THE STRUCTURE, WORKING AND USES OF OPTICAL

FIBER.
9.1 Explain the structure of the Optical Fiber
9.2 Explain its principle of working
9.3 Describe use of optical fiber in industry and medicine.
LIST OF PRACTICALS.
1 Draw graphs representing the functions:

a) y=mx for m=0, 0.5, 1, 2
2
b) y=x
c) y=1/x
2 Find the volume of a given solid cylinder using vernier callipers.
3 Find the area of cross-section of the given wire using micrometer screw gauge.
4 Prove that force is directly proportional to (a) mass, (b) acceleration, using fletchers'
trolley.
5 Verify law of parallelogram of forces using Grave-sands apparatus.
6 Verify law of triangle of forces and Lami's theorem
7 Determine the weight of a given body using
a) Law of parallelogram of forces
b) Law of triangle of forces
c) Lami's theorem
8 Verify law of polygon of forces using Grave-sands apparatus.
9 Locate the position and magnitude of resultant of like parallel forces.
10 Determine the resultant of two unlike parallel forces.
11 Find the weight of a given body using principle of moments.
12 Locate the centre of gravity of regular and irregular shaped bodies.
13 Find Young's Modules of Elasticity of a metallic wire.
14 Verify Hooke's Law using helical spring.
15 Study of frequency of stretched string with length.
16 Study of variation of frequency of stretched string with tension.
17 Study resonance of air column in resonance tube and find velocity of sound.
18 Find the frequency of the given tuning fork using resonance tube.
19 Find velocity of sound in rod by Kundt's tube.
20 Verify rectilinear propagation of light and study shadow formation.
21 Study effect of rotation of plane mirror on reflection.
22 Compare the refractive indices of given glass slabs.
23 Find focal length of concave mirror by locating centre of curvature.
24 Find focal length of concave mirror by object and image method
25 Find focal length of concave mirror with converging lens.
26 Find refractive index of glass by apparent depth.
27 Find refractive index of glass by spectrometer.
28 Find focal length of converging lens by plane mirror.
29 Find focal length of converging lens by displacement method.
30 Find focal length of diverging lense using converging lens.
31 Find focal length of diverging lens using concave mirror.
32 Find angular magnification of an astronomical telescope.
33 Find angular magnification of a simple microscope (magnifying glass)

34 Find angular magnification of a compound microscope.
35 Study working and structure of camera.
36 Study working and structure of sextant.
37 Compare the different scales of temperature and verify the conversion formula.
38 Determine the specific heat of lead shots.
39 Find the coefficient of linear expansion of a metallic rod.
40 Find the heat of fusion of ice.
41 Find the heat of vaporization.
42 Determine relative humidity using hygrometer.
APPLIED
PHYSICS
PHY-122

Prof. Tariq Habib
Azeem Academy
Ch-112 APPLIED CHEMISTRY

T P C
1 3 2
Total Contact Hours
Theory 32
Practical 64
Pre-requisite: The student must have studied the subject of elective chemistry at Secondary
school level.
AIMS After studying this course a student will be able to:

1. Understand the significance and role of chemistry in the development of
modern technology.
2. Become acquainted with the basic principles of chemistry as applied in
the study of relevant Technology.
3. Know the scientific methods for production, properties and use of
materials of industrial & technological significance.
4. Gains skill for the efficient conduct of practicals in a Chemistry lab.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION AND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS. 2 Hours

1.1 Orientation with reference to this technology.
1.2 Terms used & units of measurements in the study of chemistry.
1.3 Chemical Reactions & their types.
2. ATOMIC STRUCTURE. 2 Hours

2.1 Sub-atomic particles.
2.2 Architecture of atoms of elements, Atomic No. & Atomic Weight.
2.3 The periodic classification of elements periodic law
2.4 General characteristics of a period and group.
3. CHEMICAL BOND. 2 Hours

3.1 Nature of chemical Bond.
3.2 Electrovalent bond with examples.
3.3 Covalent Bond(Polar and Non-polar, sigma & Pi Bonds with examples.
3.4 Co-ordinate Bond with examples.
4. WATER. 2 Hours
4.1 Chemical nature and properties.
4.2 Impurities.
4.3 Hardness of water (types, causes & removal)

4.4 Scales of measuring hardness (Degrees Clark French, PPM, Mg- per liter).
4.5 Boiler feed water, scales and treatment.
4.6 Sea-water desalination, sewage treatment.
5. ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS. 2 Hours
5.1 Definitions with examples.
5.2 Properties, their strength, basicity & Acidity.
5.3 Salts and their classification with examples.
5.4 pH-value and scale.
6. OXIDATION & REDUCTION. 2 Hours

6.1 The process, definition & examples.
6.2 Oxidizing and Reducing agents.
6.3 Oxides and their classifications.
7. NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. 2 Hours

7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Radioactivity (alpha, beta and gamma rays).
7.3 Half life process.
7.4 Nuclear reaction & transformation of elements.
8. CEMENT. 2 Hours
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Composition and manufacture,.
8.3 Chemistry of setting and hardening.
8.4 Special purpose cements.
9. GLASS. 2 Hours
9.1 Composition and raw material.
9.2 Manufacture
9.3 Varieties and uses.
10. PLASTICS AND POLYMERS. 2 Hours

10.1 Introduction and importance.
10.2 Classification.
10.3 Manufacture.
10.4 Properties and uses.
11. PAINTS, VARNISHES AND DISTEMPER. 2 Hours

11.1 Introduction
11.2 Constituents.
11.3 Preparation and uses.
12. CORROSION. 2 Hours

12.1 Introduction with causes.
12.2 Types of corrosion.

12.3 Rusting of iron.
12.4 Protective measures against-corrosion.
13. REFRACTORY MATERIALS AND ABRASIVE. 2 Hours

13.1 Introduction to Refractories.
13.2 Classification of Refractories.
13.3 Properties and Uses.
13.4 Introduction to Abrasives.
13.5 Artificial and Natural Abrasives and their uses.
14. ALLOYS. 2 Hours

14.1 Introduction with need
14.2 Preparation and Properties.
14.3 Some Important alloys and their composition.
14.4 Uses.
15. FUELS AND COMBUSTION. 2 Hours

15.1 Introduction of fuels.
15.2 Classification of fuels.
15.3 Combustion.
15.4 Numerical Problems of Combustion.
16. LUBRICANTS. 1 Hour

16.1 Introduction.
16.2 Classification.
16.3 Properties of lubricants.
16.4 Selection of lubricants.
17. POLLUTION. 1 Hour

17.1 The problem and its dangers.
17.2 Causes of pollution.
17.3 Remedies to combat the hazards of pollution.
Ch-112 APPLIED CHEMISTRY
1. UNDERSTAND THE SCOPE, SIGNIFICANCE AND FUNDAMENTAL ROLE

OF THE SUBJECT.
1.1 Define chemistry and its important terms.
1.2 State the units of measurements in the study of chemistry.
1.3 Write chemical formula of common compounds.
1.4 Describe types of chemical reactions with examples.
2. UNDERSTAND THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS AND ARRANGEMENT OF

SUB ATOMIC PARTICLES IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF ATOMS.
2.1 Define atom.
2.2 State the periodic law of elements.
2.3 Describe the fundamental sub atomic particles.
2.4 Distinguish between atomic no. and mass no.; isotopes and isobars.
2.5 Explain the arrangements of electrons in different shells and sub energy
levels.
2.6 Explain the grouping and placing of elements in the periodic table.
3. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF CHEMICAL BOUND.

3.1 Define chemical bond.
3.2 Describe the nature of chemical bond.
3.3 Differentiate between electrovalent and covalent bonding.
3.4 Explain the formation of polar and non polar, sigma and pi-bond with
examples.
3.5 Describe the nature of coordinate bond with examples.
4. UNDERSTAND THE CHEMICAL NATURE OF WATER.

4.1 Describe the chemical nature of water with its formula.
4.2 Describe the general impurities present in water.
4.3 Explain the causes and methods to removing hardness of water.
4.4 Express hardness in different units like mg/liter., p.p.m, degrees Clark
and degrees French.
4.5 Describe the formation and nature of scales in boiler feed water.
4.6 Explain the method for the treatment of scales.
4.7 Explain the sewage treatment and desalination of sea water.
5. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS.

5.1 Define acids, bases and salts with examples.
5.2 State general properties of acids and bases.
5.3 Differentiate between acidity and basicity and use the related terms.
5.4 Define salts, state their classification with examples.
5.5 Explain p-H value of solution and pH scale.
6. UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF OXIDATION AND REDUCTION.

6.1 Define oxidation.
6.2 Explain the oxidation process with examples.
6.3 Define reduction.
6.4 Explain reduction process with examples.
6.5 Define oxidizing and reducing agents and give at least six examples of
each.
6.6 Define oxides.
6.7 Classify the oxides and give examples.
7. UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY.

7.1 Define nuclear chemistry and radio activity.
7.2 Differentiate between alpha , Beta and Gamma particles.
7.3 Explain half life process.
7.4 Explain at least six nuclear reactions resulting in the transformation of
some elements.
7.5 State important uses of isotopes.
8. UNDERSTAND THE MANUFACTURE, SETTING AND HARDENING OF

CEMENT.
8.1 Define portland cement and give its composition.
8.2 Describe the method of manufacture.
8.3 Describe the chemistry of setting and hardening of cement.
8.4 Distinguish between ordinary and special purpose cement.
9. UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF GLASS.

9.1 Define glass.
9.2 Describe its composition and raw materials.
9.3 Describe the manufacture of glass.
9.4 Explain its varieties and uses.
10. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF PLASTICS AND

POLYMERS.
10.1 Define plastics and polymers.
10.2 Explain the mechanism of polymerization.
10.3 Describe the preparation and uses of some plastics/polymers.
11. KNOW THE CHEMISTRY OF PAINTS, VARNISHES AND DISTEMPERS.

11.1 Define paints, varnishes and distemper.
11.2 State composition of each.
11.3 State methods of preparation of each and their uses.
12. UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF CORROSION WITH ITS CAUSES AND

TYPES.
12.1 Define corrosion.
12.2 Describe different types of corrosion.
12.3 State the causes of corrosion.
12.4 Explain the process of rusting of iron.
12.5 Describe methods to prevent/control corrosion.
13. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF REFRACTORY MATERIALS AND

ABRASIVE.
13.1 Define refractory materials.
13.2 Classify refractory materials.
13.3 Describe properties and uses of refractories.
13.4 Define Abrasive.
13.5 Classify natural and artificial abrasives.
13.6 Describe uses of abrasives.
14. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF ALLOYS.

14.1 Define alloy.
14.2 Describe different methods for the preparation of alloys.
14.3 Describe important properties of alloys.
14.4 Enlist some important alloys with their composition, properties and uses.
15. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF FUELS AND THEIR COMBUSTION.

15.1 Define fuels.
15.2 Classify fuels and make distinction of solid, liquid & gaseous fuels.
15.3 Describe important fuels.
15.4 Explain combustion.
15.5 Calculate air quantities in combustion. gases.
16. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF LUBRICANTS.

16.1 Define a lubricant.
16.2 Explain the uses of lubricants.
16.3 Classify lubricants and cite examples.
16.4 State important properties of oils, greases and solid lubricants.
16.4 State the criteria for the selection of lubricant for particular purpose/job.
17. UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF POLLUTION.

17.1 Define Pollution (air, water, food).
17.2 Describe the causes of environmental pollution.
17.3 Enlist some common pollutants.
17.4 Explain methods to prevent pollution.
APPLIED
CHEMISTRY
CH-112

Qazi Zaheer-ul-Hasnain
Azeem Academy
MT-116 WORKSHOP PRACTICE-I (GENERAL METAL, WOOD WORK,

WELDING & FORGING AND FOUNDRY)
T P C
2 12 6
Total contact hrs.
Theory 64
Practical 384
Pre-requisites: None
AIMS The student will be familiarized with the Tools, Equipments, Machines used in the metal
work, Welding & Forging, wood work and foundry. The student will achieve the basic
skills in the above fields by preparing specific jobs in each part of the subject.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. GENERAL METAL SHOP ORIENTATION 1 Hour

1.1 Introduction to course
1.2 statement of shop policies
1.3 Introduction to shop work supporting machines
1.3.1 Operating procedure
1.3.2 Care and maintenance
1.3.3 Safety operation.
1.4 Shop Safety Procedure
2. METAL WORK TOOLS AND MACHINES 15 Hours

2.1 Kind of Tools and machines
2.1.1 Hand Tools
2.1.1.1 Measuring tools
2.1.1.2 Layout tools.
2.1.1.3 Cutting tools
2.1.1.4 Chisels
2.1.1.5 Files and filing
2.1.1.6 Hacksaw and hacksawing
2.1.1.7 Drill & drilling
2.1.1.8 Hand threading.
2.1.1.9 Miscellaneous tools and related information.
2.1.2 Machines.
2.1.2.1 Drilling Machine.
2.1.2.2 Power Hacksaw
2.1.2.3 Bending Machine

2.1.2.4 Rolling Machine
2.1.2.5 Shearing machine.
3. WOOD WORKING TOOLS. 5 Hours

3.1 Wood working shop orientation.
3.2 Impact Tools.
3.3 Measuring Tools.
3.4 Cutting Tools.
3.5 Marking Tools.
3.6 Holding Tools.
4. WOOD WORKING MACHINES. 6 Hours

4.1. Introduction
4.2 Radial saw
4.3 Circular Saw.
4.4 Band Saw.
4.5 Jointer
4.6 Wood turning lathe
5. WOOD CUTS AND WOOD JOINTS. 5 Hours

5.1 Types and uses of wood cuts.
5.2 Classification and uses of wood joints.
5.3 Making wood cuts and wood joints.
5.4 Wood glue and wood fastener.
5.5 Kind & seasoning of wood.
6. WELDING SHOP 2 Hours

6.1 Introduction to course.
6.2 Statement of shop policies
6.3 Introduction to shop work support machine.
6.3.1 Operating procedures
6.3.2 Care and maintenance.
6.3.3 Safety precautions.
6.4 Shop safety operations.
7. WELDING HAND TOOLS AND MACHINES. 6 Hours

7.1 Kind of welding shop Tools and machine.
7.1.1 Hand lay out Tools.
7.1.2 Gas welding Tools.
7.1.3 Welding processes.
7.2 Introduction to Oxygen-Acetylene Welding.
7.2.1 Welding principles.

7.2.2 Welding tests and equipment
7.2.3 Welding materials
7.2.4 Welding processes.
8. HAND FORGING OPERATIONS. 4 Hours

8.1 Introduction to hand forging. and its applications.
8.2 Forging tools and equipment
8.2.1 Classification of hand forging tools
8.2.2 Forging equipment parts and functions.
8.2.3 Building a forge fire.
8.3 Forging operation 4 Hours
8.3.1 Drawing
8.3.2 Swaging
8.3.3 Up-setting
8.3.4 Punching
8.3.5 Cutting.
8.3.6 Forge welding
9. FOUNDRY SHOP ORIENTATION. 4 Hours

9.1 Introduction to course.
9.2 Statement of shop policies.
9.3 Introduction to shop work support machine.
9.3.1 Operating procedure.
9.3.2 Care and maintenance.
9.3.3 Safety operations.
9.4 Shop safety procedures of foundry.
10. FOUNDRY SHOP TOOLS AND MACHINES

10.1 KINDS OF TOOLS AND MACHINES.
10.1.1 Hand Tools. 6 Hours
10.1.1.1 Hand Molding Tools.
10.1.1.2 Molding boxes.
10.1.2. MACHINES. 6 Hours
10.1.2.1 Pit furnace.
10.1.2.2 Core baking furnace.
10.1.2.3 Grinding and brushing machines.

A) GENERAL METAL
1. FAMILIAR THE STUDENT WITH THE SHOP LAYOUT & RULES AND ITS
ENVIRONMENTS.
1.1 Describe the shop working policies
1.2 Describe the basic concept of general metal shop
1.3 Identify shop tools
1.4 Explain power driven tools
1.5 Describe safety rules of the shop
2. METAL WORK TOOLS AND MACHINES

2.1 Understand metal working hand tools.
2.1.1 Classify metal working hand tools
2.1.2 Describe measuring tools
2.1.3 Describe Layout tools & Practice
2.1.4 Describe cutting tools & practice
2.1.5 Describe chisels & chiselling
2.1.6 Describe files and filling
2.1.7 Describe Hack saw and Hack sawing
2.1.8 Describe drills and drilling
2.1.9 Describe hand Threading
2.1.10 Describe miscellaneous tools and related practice
2.2 Understand the metal working machines.
2.2.1 Explain the drilling machine
2.2.2 Explain the power hacksaw
2.2.3 Explain bending machine
2.2.4 Explain rolling machine
2.2.5 Explain shearing machine
2.2.6 Observe safety precautions and proper care of metal working tools.
B) WOOD WORK
3. UNDERSTAND WOOD WORKING SHOP POLICIES, HAND TOOLS AND

EQUIPMENT SUPPORTING WOOD WORKING SHOP
3.1 Describe the shop working policies
3.2 Describe the basic concept of wood work shop
3.3 classify wood working hand tools
3.4 Classify wood working hand tools according to functions
3.5 Describe the use of Impact tools
3.6 Describe the use of cutting tools.

3.7 Describe the use of measuring tools.
3.8 Describe the use of marking tools.
3.9 Describe the use of Holding tools.
3.10 Describe sharpening of wood cutting tools.
3.11 Observe safety precautions and proper care of wood working hand tools.
4. OPERATES EFFECTIVELY ALL WOOD WORKING MACHINES

4.1 Identify all wood working machines.
4.2 Classify wood working machine according to their uses.
4.3 Explain the radial saw.
4.4 Explain the circular saw.
4.5 Explain the Band saw.
4.6 Explain the jointer and planner.
4.7 Explain the wood turning lathe.
4.8 Operate the radial saw.
4.9 Operate the circular saw.
4.10 Operate the Band saw.
4.11 Operate the jointer & Planner.
4.12 Operate the wood turning lathe.
4.13 Observe safety precaution & proper care of wood working machines
5. PREPARE THE WOOD CUTS AND WOOD JOINTS ACCORDING TO THE

SPECIFICATION AND SIZES.
5.1 Describe the wood cuts and types of joints.
5.2 Explain the use of wood joints
5.3 Select the appropriate joint for the given wood.
5.4 Prepare cross halving wood joint.
5.5 Prepare dove tail joint.
5.6 Prepare mortise and tenon joints.
5.7 Prepare Dado joint.
5.8 Prepare the open corner joint.
5.9 Prepare the hidden corner joint.
5.10 Prepare wood joint glue.
5.11 Manipulate wood fasteners.
5.12 Practice sharpening of hand tools.
5.13 Describe kind of wood.
5.14 Explain seasoning methods of wood.
C) WELDING & FORGING
6. FAMILIARIZE WITH THE SHOP AREA POLICIES AND DIFFERENT

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPORTING WELDING AND FORGING.
6.1 Describe the shop working policies.
6.2 Describe the basic concept of welding and forging.

6.3 Explain shop tools of welding and forging.
6.4 Explain welding and forging shop equipment.
6.5 Describe safety rules of welding & forging shop.
7. WELDING HAND TOOLS AND MACHINES.

7.1 Understand the use of hand tools.
7.1.1 Identify gas welding tools.
7.1.2 Describe gas welding tools.
7.1.3 Identify gas welding tools.
7.1.4 Identify Electric Arc welding tools.
7.2 Understand the use of welding equipments.
7.2.1 Identify the gas welding equipment.
7.2.2 Identify the Arc welding equipment.
7.2.3 Describe the gas welding equipment.
7.2.4 Describe the arc welding processes.
7.3 Apply the welding methods safely.
7.3.1 Explain use of Oxy-acetylene welding
7.3.2 Practice gas welding flame
7.3.3 Practice gas welding.
7.3.4 Practice Arc welding.
7.3.5 Observe safety precautions
8. Hand Forging Operations:

8.1. Understand the forging processes.
8.1.1 Describe hand forging and its necessity.
8.1.2 Describe safety precautions on forging section.
8.1.3 Explain hand and mechanical forging.
8.2. Understand the forging tools and equipments.
8.2.1 Identify the forging tools and its uses.
8.2.2 Identify the forging equipment
8.2.3 Explain care of hand tools.
8.2.4 Explain use of forging equipment.
8.2.5 Describe Building and maintaining a forge fire.
8.3. Apply the forging operations.
8.3.1 Select the proper tools for forging operation.
8.3.2 Apply the proper tools for drawing operation.
8.3.3 Apply the proper tools for swaging operation.
8.3.4 Apply the proper tools for up-setting operation.
8.3.5 Apply the proper tools for punching operation.
8.3.6 Apply the proper tools for cutting operation.
8.3.7 Apply the forge welding operation.
D) FOUNDRY:
9. KNOW BASIC CONCEPT OF SHOP AREA POLICIES AND

TOOLS/EQUIPMENT SUPPORTING TO FOUNDRY PRACTICE.
9.1 Describe shop working policies.
9.2 Describe basic concepts of foundry.
9.3 State shop tools.
9.4 State foundry equipment.
9.5 Observe safety rules.
10. FOUNDRY SHOP TOOLS AND MACHINES.

10.1 Apply the use of hand tools.
10.1.1 Identify the hand working tools.
10.1.2 Describe the molding boxes.
10.1.3 Describe the green sand for molding.
10.1.4 Describe the dry sand for molding
10.1.5 Describe the necessity of parting sand.
10.2 Understand the foundry equipment.
10.2.1 Describe the construction of pit furnace.
10.2.2 Explain the working of pit furnace.
10.2.3 Describe the core making oven.
10.2.4 Describe the methods of finishing molds for the castings.
10.3 Apply the skill in foundry practice.
10.3.1 Practice Mould making in green sand.
10.3.2 Practice mould making on foundry floor in molding boxes.
10.3.3 Practice molding of split patterns
10.3.4 Practice molding of intricate patterns.

LIST OF PRACTICALS
A) Metal Shop 96 Hours

1. Preparation of name plate.
2. Sawing exercise
3. Preparation of inside calliper.
4. Preparation of Bottle opener.
5. Preparation of dove-tail joint.
6. Preparation of small size Try-square
7. Preparation of Coat hook
8. Preparation of funnel (sheet)
9. Preparation of Pin tray (sheet)
10. Preparation of Drawer handle
11. Preparation of bevel square
12. Preparation of Spanner (small size)
B) Welding Shop96 Hours

1. Flame making practice.
2. Pool making.
3. Bead making.
4. Butt joint.
5. Lap joint.
6. Corner joint without filler rod.
7. Corner joint with filler rod.
8. T. joint.
9. Edge joint.
10. Brazing practice.
ARC WELDING
11. Arc making/current setting/polarity selection.
12. Bead making.
13. Butt joint.
14. Lap joint.
15. Corner joint.
16. T. joint.
17. V. Butt joint.
18. Square corner joint.
19. Bevel butt joint.
20. Spot Welding.
FORGING
21. cutting with chisel hot & cold
22. upsetting
23. twisting
24. heading
25. drawing by forging
C) WOOD WORKING SHOP 96 Hours

1. Safety precautions in wood working shop.
2. Assembly and disassembly of jack-plane.
3. Using of various wood working planes. (Tool exercise.)
4. Planning and squaring to dimensions. (Job-1)
5. Sharpening plane-iron.
6. Introducing different wood working, layout and measuring tools.
7. Sawing exercise (job-2)
8. Identifying different types of 'handsaws' and making sketches of all saws.
9. Sharpening `bandsaws'.
10. Wood chiseling(Chipping).
11. Making mortise & tanon joint. (job-3)
12. Sharpening wood chisel.
13. Making dado-joint (job-4).
14. Making cross-lap joint. (job-5)
15. Observing wood structure.
16. Identifying and comparing soft and hard wood.
17. Spirit polishing (preparing wood surface for polishing, staining and lacquering)
18. Boring process, making holes of different diameters in wood. (job-6)
19. Nailing and wood screwing process. (job-7+8)
20. Making middle half cross-lap joint. (job-9)
21. Making dove-tail joint. (job-10)
22. Wood working projects etc.
D) FOUNDRY SHOP 96 Hours

1. Introduction and layout of foundry shop
2. Introduction to foundry sand
i. Molding sand
ii. Binding materials
3. Introduction to hand molding tools, equipments and molding boxes/flasks.
4. Introduction and practice of sand cleaning and mixing machines.
5. Sand preparation and tempering practice.
6. Practice of mould making.
i. Dry sand molding.
ii. Green sand molding.
7. Practice use of single piece patterns (one piece patterns)
i. English letters (Alphabet)

ii. Paper weight.
iii. Simple square, triangular and hexagonal patterns.
8. Practice use of split patterns (two piece patterns)
i. Anvil.
ii. Journal bearing body.
iii. Pulley.
9. Repeating practice of different broken molds.
10. Core making.
i. Introduction to core, core sand and core boxes.
ii. Practice of different core making processes.
iii. Practice of core baking.
11. Introduction to foundry furnaces.
i. Construction and operation of crucible pit furnace.
ii. Practice of charging in crucible pit furnace.
12. Castings
i. Practice of melting and pouring of ferrous metals.
ii. Practice of melting and pouring of non-ferrous metals.
13. Grinding and brushing.
i. Introduction and practice use of grinding machines.
ii. Practice of different brushing machines.
WORKSHOP
PRACTICE-I
MT-116

Syed Shaukat Abbas
Azeem Academy
Comp-122 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
Total contact hours

Theory 32 Hours T P C
Practicals 96 Hours 1 3 2
Pre-requisite None
AIMS This subject will enable the student to be familiar with the operation of a
Micro-computer. He will also learn DOS, BASIC language and word processing to
elementary level.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING (EDP) 6 Hours

1.1 Basics of computers
1.2 Classification of computers
1.3 Block diagram of a computer system
1.4 Binary number system
1.5 BIT, BYTE, RAM, ROM, EROM, EPROM
1.6 Input and output devices
1.7 Secondary storage media details
1.8 Processors and types
1.9 Using computer for system software
1.10 Using computers for application software.
1.11 Common types of software and their application.
2. DISK OPERATING SYSTEM (DOS) 6 Hours

2.1 Internal commands
2.2 External commands
2.3 Batch files
2.4 Advance features.
3. BASIC LANGUAGE 10 Hours

3.1 Introduction to high level languages
3.2 Introduction to BASIC
3.3 REM Statement
3.4 Assignment statement
3.5 Input statement
3.6 Read-Data statement
3.7 IF-THEN statement

3.8 IF-THEN Else statement
3.9 FOR-NEXT statement
3.10 DIM statement
3.11 L PRINT statement
3.12 STOP statement
3.13 END statement
3.14 Logic of a BASIC Programme
3.15 Running a BASIC Programme
3.16 Saving and Retrieving a Programme
3.17 Advance features
4. WORD PROCESSING 7 Hours

4.1 Starting word processor session
4.2 Opening a document
4.3 Saving a document
4.4 Ending word processor session (Temporarily)
4.5 Retrieving a document
4.6 Spell check
4.7 Margins and tab setting
4.8 Aligning Paragraph
4.9 Printing a document
4.10 Advance features
5. COMPUTER GRAPHIC IN BASIC 3 hours

5.1 Graphic fundamentals
5.2 Points and lines
5.3 Dots in space
5.4 A lightening blot
5.5 Shapes
5.6 Expanding circles and rectangles
1. UNDERSTAND ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING (EDP).

1.1 Describe basics of computers.
1.2 Enlist different classification of computers.
1.3 Explain block diagram of a computer system.
1.4 Describe binary number system.
1.5 State the terms used in computers such as BIT, BYTE, RAM, ROM, EROM,
EPROM.
1.6 Identify input and output devices.
1.7 Describe secondary storage media.
1.8 Explain processor.
1.9 Name different types of processors.
1.10 Explain the use of computer for system software.
1.11 Explain the use of computer for application software.
1.12 Enlist common types of software and their application.
1.13 Explain various application of above softwares mentioned in 1.12
2. UNDERSTAND DISK OPERATING SYSTEM (DOS).

2.1 Explain the use of various internal command of DOS.
2.2 Explain the use of various external command of DOS.
2.3 Describe batch files.
2.4 Identify advanced features
3. UNDERSTAND BASIC LANGUAGE.

3.1 Explain high level languages.
3.2 Explain Basic language.
3.3 Describe Rem statement
3.4 Describe assignment statement
3.5 Explain Input statement
3.6 Explain Read-Data statement
3.7 Explain If-Then Statement
3.8 Explain If-then-Else Statement
3.9 Explain For-Next Statement
3.10 Explain DIM Statement
3.11 Explain LPRINT statement
3.12 Explain stop statement
3.13 Explain end Statement
3.14 Describe Logic of Basic program
3.15 Describe running a Basic Program
3.16 Describe saving & retrieving Basic Program
3.17 Describe some Advance features of Basic program
4. UNDERSTAND WORD PROCESSING SESSION

4.1. Describe word-processing
4.2 Name command to be entered on Dos-prompt to load word-processor
4.3 Identify initial screen
4.4 Describe the command to open a document
4.5 Describe the procedure for naming the document
4.6 Explain importance of giving extension to a document
4.7 Describe saving and retrieving a document
4.8 Explain importance of saving the work at regular intervals
4.9 State temporarily Ending word-processing session & document retrieval
4.10 State procedure to re-enter word processor
4.11 State procedure to re-open the document and editing
4.12 Describe spell-check facility
4.13 Describe Margins & Tab Setting
4.14 Describe to align paragraph
4.15 Describe Re-editing techniques
4.16 Describe procedure to set-up printer
4.17 Describe command for printouts
4.18 Explain multiple-copy printout procedure
4.19 Explain some advance features
4.20 Describe procedure of condensed printing
4.21 Describe procedure for change of fonts
5. UNDERSTAND PROGRAMMING INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPUTER

GRAPHIC IN BASIC LANGUAGE
5.1 Identify graphic fundamentals in basic language
5.2 Explain to draw points and lines
5.3 Explain to draw dot in space
5.4 Explain to draw lighting blot
5.5 Explain to draw shapes
5.6 Explain to draw expanding circles and rectangles
LIST OF PRACTICALS 96 hours
DOS
1 Identify key board, mouse, CPU, disk drives, disks, monitor & printer
2 Practice for booting up of a computer system with DOS system disk and power off
system at DOS prompt
3 Practice for CLS, VER, VOL, DATE & TIME commands
4 Practice for COPY, REN commands
5 Practice for DEL, TYPE, PATH, PROMPT, COPY CON, MD, CD, RD commands
6 Practice of the practicals at S. No. 3, 4, 5
7 Practice for FORMAT command with /s, /4, /u switches
8 Practice for DISKCOPY, DISKCOMP commands
9 Practice for SCANDISK, XCOPY, DELTREE, TREE, LABEL commands
10 Practice for PRINT, UNDELETE commands
11 Practice for the practicals at S. No. 8, 9, 10, 11
12 Practice for creating a batch file
BASIC
1 Practice for loading & unloading BASIC software and identify role of function keys in
Basic
2 Identify role of various keys in continuation with ALT key in BASIC programming
3 Practice for CLS, LOAD, SAVE, FILE, RENUM command by loading any existing
BASIC Program
4 Practice for editing any existing BASIC Program
5 Prepare BASIC Program to display sum of two numbers using INPUTS
6 Prepare BASIC Program to display sum of two numbers using READ-DATA
7 Prepare BASIC Program to multiply two numbers
8 Prepare BASIC Program to calculate Area of Rectangle, when length and width are
given
9 Prepare BASIC Program to calculate area of a circle when radius/diameter is given
10 Prepare very simple BASIC Programs using IF-THEN-ELSE and FOR-NEXT
statement
11 Identify DIM statement
12 Practice for LPRINT statement for various Programs hard-copy output
WORD PROCESSING
1 Practice for loading & unloading a word processor
2 Practice for creating document & saving it
3 Practice for spell-check facility of the word-processor
4 Practice for editing an existing document
5 Practice for various word-processing Menu Options
6 Practice for printing a document
7 Practice for margin and TAB setting and document alignment
8 Practice for some advance features
COMPUTER
APPLICATIONS
COMP-122

Muhammad Idrees
Azeem Academy
MT-131 SAFETY PRACTICES & PROCEDURES

T P C
1 0 1
Total contact hours
Theory 32
Practicals 0
AIMS At the end of this course, the students will be able to adopt safety standards, Codes,
Rules etc. to be desired in Mechanical Workshops/Industries. He will be able to
understand methods of prevention, provide FIRST aid & RESCUE in the case of any
accident.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY 2 Hours

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Importance in Institute shops
1.3 Importance in Industry
1.4 Accident cost
2. ACCIDENTS IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 3 Hours

2.1 Accidents in petroleum industry
2.2 Accidents in paint shop/industry
2.3 Explosive vapors and gases
2.4 Accident in fertilizers and others chemical industry.
3. ACCIDENTS IN MECHANICAL INDUSTRY. 3 Hours

3.1 Material handling and transportation.
3.2 Accidents due to hand tools.
3.3 Accidents in machines shop.
3.4 Accidents in Metal work shop.
3.5 Accidents in wood working shop.
3.6 Accidents in Foundry welding & forging shop.
4. ACCIDENTS IN FLOW PRODUCTION INDUSTRY. 3 Hours

4.1 Accidents in Textile mills.
4.2 Accidents in paper mills.
4.3 Accidents in Food industry.
5. ACCIDENTS IN OTHER INDUSTRIES. 2 Hours

5.1 Accidents in mines.
5.2 Accidents in leather industries.
5.3 Accidents in power plant.
5.4 Accidents in printing industry.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT ON ACCIDENTS. 3 Hours
6.1 Industrial ventilation.
6.2 Exhaust systems.
6.3 Industrial noise.
6.4 Illumination for safety and comfort.
6.5 Industrial hygiene and plant sanitation.
7. PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS. 2 Hours

7.1 For face and hand protection.
7.2 For body protection.
7.3 For protection from chemicals & gases
8. SAFETY ON PLANT. 2 Hours

8.1 Plant lay out for safety.
8.2 House keeping for safety.
8.3 Lay out for safety.
9. FIRE ACCIDENTS. 2 Hours

9.1 Fire hazard.
9.2 Causes.
9.3 Fire fighting equipments.
9.4 Plant lay out for fire safety.
10. ANALYZING CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS. 2 Hours

10.1 Accident prevention fundamentals.
10.2 Plan inspections.
10.3 Safety inventory.
10.4 Accidents investigation.
10.5 Records and reports.
11. FIRST AID. 2 Hours

11.1 Importance.
11.2 Procedure.
11.3 Extended medical services.
12. PROMOTING SAFETY. 2 Hours

12.1 Employees training.
12.2 Displays.
12.3 Guidance.
13. SAFETY LAWS. 2 Hours

13.1 Pakistan factory act (laws concerning to safety).
13.2 Workman compensation act.
13.3 Industrial insurance.
MT-131 SAFETY PRACTICES & PROCEDURES
1. KNOW IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY PRACTICES AND ITS NECESSITY IN

THE INDUSTRY
1.1 Describe safety,accident
1.2 Describe the importance of safety practices in Institute work shop
1.3 Describe hazards for not observing safety
1.4 State necessity of observing safety in the industry
2. KNOW CAUSES AND PREVENTIONS OF ACCIDENT IN CHEMICAL

BASED INDUSTRY
2.1 State the type & causes of accidents in petroleum, fertilizer, paint and chemical
based industry
2.2 Enlist causes & preventions for chemical based industry accidents
2.3 Describe effects of explosive, gases and vapors
2.4 List prevention for accident caused by explosive gases and vapors
3. KNOW CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS IN MECHANICAL

INDUSTRY
3.1 List the accident in material handling and transportation
3.2 Describe the method of prevention of accident in Mechanical handling and
transportation
3.1.3 State the types &causes of accident in Production shops
3.1.4 List methods of preventing accident in Mechanical industry
4. KNOW CAUSES AND METHODS OF PREVENTION OF ACCIDENT IN

FLOW PROCESS INDUSTRY
4.1 State the types of accident in flow process industry
4.2 List the accident in textile mills paper and board mills and food industry
4.3 Describe the methods of prevention of accidents in flow process industries
5. KNOW CAUSES AND METHOD OF PREVENTION OF ACCIDENT IN

DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES
5.1 State the types & causes of accidents in leather industry, printing works, mines
and power plants
5.2 Describe the method of prevention of accidents in leather industry, printing
works, mines and power plants
6. UNDERSTANDS THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT OF ACCIDENT AND

THEIR REMEDIES
6.1 Knows environmental effects on human beings and surroundings
6.2 Explain importance and purpose of industrial ventilation
6.3 Describe exhaust system in industry
6.4 Identify effect of noise on environment & accident

6.5 Identify the advantages of illumination for safety and comfort
6.6 Explain necessity of plant hygiene for safety and comfort
6.7 Explain necessity of plant sanitation for prevention of accidents
7. KNOW PRINCIPLE METHOD AND IMPORTANCE OF PERSONAL

PROTECTIVE DEVICE
7.1 State protective devices
7.2 List personal protective device
7.3 State Importance of personal protective devices
7.4 Describe protection devices for protecting hand and faces
7.5 Describe protection devices for protecting human body
7.6 Describe protection devices for protection from chemical gases
8. KNOW THE BASIC CONCEPT OF SAFETY ON PLANT

8.1 Identify the safety aspect for plant layout
8.2 Describe the house keeping procedure for safety on a plant
8.3 Identify the procedure to lay out machines and equipment considering safety
aspect
9. FIRE ACCIDENTS
9.1 Know the causes of fire hazard
9.1.1 Identify fire hazard
9.1.2 List the causes of accidents due to fire
9.2 Understand prevention of fire accidents on plants
9.2.1 Describe prevention of fire accidents
9.2.2 Identify the fire-points lay out for fire accident control
10. ANALYZING THE CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

10.1 Understand the procedure of ANALYZING the causes of accidents
10.1.1 Identify the general causes of accident
10.1.2 Explain the step by step procedure to analyse the accident
10.2 Know the use of data for investigation & resident reports for analyzing the
causes of accident
10.2.1 Record Safety inventory, accident report and investigation reports
10.2.2 Collect the accident data for analyzing the causes of accidents
11. KNOW THE METHOD OF PROVIDING FIRST AID

11.1 Identify the importance of first-aid
11.2 Explain the methods of providing first aid
11.3 Identify the step by step procedure of providing medical services
12. UNDERSTAND THE METHODS AND PROCEDURES FOR PROMOTING

SAFETY
12.1 Identify the importance of safety
12.2 List methods of promoting safety concepts
12.3 Describe method to promote safety concept by display charts
13. UNDERSTAND LAWS REGARDING SAFETY

13.1 Describe clauses of Pakistan factory act related to safety.
13.2 Describe workman compensation act.
13.3 Identify the procedure for industrial insurance.
SAFETY
PRACTICE &
PROCEDURE
MT-131

Muhammad Arsalan
Azeem Academy
MT-143 BASIC ENGINEERING DRAWING & CAD-I

T P C
1 6 3
Total contact hrs.
Theory 32
Practicals 192
Pre-requisite: None
AIMS At the end of this course the students will be able to understand the fundamentals of
engineering drawing used in the various fields of industry specially in the Mechanical
Technology. The student will be familiarized with the use of conventional drawing
instruments as well as the modern technology used for this subject. The CAD portion of
the subject will provide the student the knowledge & use of computer in the subject of
Engineering Drawing.
COURSE CONTENTS
PART-A ENGINEERING DRAWING
1. USES AND APPLICATIONS OF TECHNICAL DRAWING 1 Hours

1.1 Technical drawing and the technician.
1.2 Use of technical drawing.
1.3 Common drawing forms.
1.4 Application of drawing forms.
1.5 Practices and conventions.
2. DRAWING TOOLS AND ACCESSORIES. 2 Hours

2.1 Drawing pencil
2.2 Drawing papers specifications
2.3 Drawing Instruments
2.4 Use and care of drawing instruments and material.
3. ALPHABET OF LINES USED IN DRAWING 2 Hours

3.1 Importance the alphabet of lines.
3.2 Common alphabet of lines
3.3 Uses and correct line weightage of the line.
3.4 Application of line
4. LETTERING. 2 Hours
4.1 Importance of good lettering.
4.2 Single stroke of gothic.

4.3 Letter strokes.
4.4 Letter guide lines.
4.5 Vertical single stroke gothic
4.6 Inclined single stroke gothic
4.7 Composition of lettering
5. DRAWING LINES TECHNOLOGY 2 Hours

5.1 Introduction to sketching techniques
5.2 Sketching lines
5.3 Sketching circles and arcs
5.4 Sketching ellipse.
5.5 Sketching views of objects
6. GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS 2 Hours

6.1 Introduction to geometry
6.2 Definition of terms
6.3 Different conventional shapes, surfaces and objects
6.4 Basic geometrical construction
6.5 Construction, ellipse, parabola
6.6 Involute and cycloids
7. INTRODUCTION TO MULTI-VIEW PROJECTIONS 3 Hours

7.1 Definition and concept of multi-view drawings
7.2 Proceptual vies of plan of projections
7.3 Orthographic projections
7.4 1st angle and 3rd angle projections
7.5 Principal views
7.6 Arrangement of views
7.7 Multi-view drawings
8. INTRODUCTION TO PICTORIAL DRAWINGS. 2 Hours

8.1 Uses of pictorial
8.2 Three types of pictorial views
8.3 Isometric sketching of rectangular block
8.4 Isometric sketching of Arcs and circles
8.5 Oblique sketching of rectangular block
8.6 One point perspective sketching of a rectangular block.
8.7 Two point perspective sketching of a rectangular block.
8.8 Preparation of pictorial drawings of simple objects.
9. BASIC DIMENSIONING. 2 Hours

9.1 Definition of dimensioning.
9.2 Types of dimensioning.

9.3 Elements of dimensioning.
9.4 System of measurements.
9.5 Dimensioning multi-view drawings.
9.6 Dimensioning pictorial views.
9.7 Dimensioning rules and practices.
9.8 Notes and specification
10. SECTIONING AND SECTIONAL VIEWS. 2 Hours

10.1 Definition and purpose.
10.2 Cutting planes position and cutting plane lines
10.3 Types of sectional views.
10.4 Conventional section lines of different materials.
10.5 Practice sectioned views.
11. MULTI-VIEW DRAWING OF MACHINE ELEMENTS 2 Hours

11.1 Terminology and drawing of rivets and riveted joints
11.2 Terminology and drawing of screw threads
11.3 Terminology and drawing of keys and cotters
11.4 Description and drawing of simple bearings
11.5 Describe and drawing of simple coupling
PART-B : CAD-I
12. CAD FUNDAMENTALS 2 Hours

12.1 CAD & its importance
12.2 Purposes
12.3 Advantages
13. CAD SOFTWARE 2 Hours

13.1 CAD Abbreviations
13.2 CAD Help
13.3 Co-ordinate systems
14. BORDER TEMPLATE 2 Hours

14.1 Drawing area
14.2 SNAP & GRID
14.3 Pedit & Qsave
15. TITLE BLOCK 2 Hours

15.1 Change Command
15.2 Layer creation
15.3 Zooming
15.4 Typefaces of CAD

15.5 Plotting
16. LINES & CIRCLES 2 Hours

16.1 Dedit
16.2 Analyzed line drawing
16.3 U & Redo command
16.4 Drawing a circle
SECTION-I ENGINEERING DRAWING
1. USES AND APPLICATIONS OF TECHNICAL DRAWING

1.1 Know the uses of Technical Drawing
1.1.1 Describe the importance of Technical Drawing from the point of view of
a Technician
1.1.2 Explain the main uses of Technical Drawing from the point of view of a
Technician
1.2 Recognizes the different application of Technical drawing
1.2.1 Identify commonly used drawing forms
1.2.2 Illustrate the different drawing forms
1.2.3 Differentiate different drawing forms
1.2.4 Develop Technical vocabulary
2. KNOW THE COMMON DRAWING TOOLS AND ACCESSORIES

2.1 Identify the uses of different pencils for Technical Drawing.
2.2 Identify different paper sizes for drawing.
2.3 Identify different types of papers suitable for drawing.
2.4 Identify different types of erasers and their uses.
2.5 Maintain a will sharpened pencil for drawing.
2.6 Describe the drawing instruments.
2.7 State the use of drawing instruments.
3. UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF ALPHABET, CORRECT

WEIGHTAGE AND APPLICATION OF LINES USES IN TECHNICAL
DRAWING.
3.1 Knows the importance of lines.
3.2 Knows the Alphabet of lines.
3.3 Identify the lines characteristics of each alphabet of lines.
3.4 Draw horizontal, vertical and inclined lines
3.5 Draw alone line with correct weightages
4. APPLIES THE GOOD LETTERING AN A DRAWING

4.1 Know the importance of lettering in a Technical engineering drawing.
4.2 Identify the letter style used in Technical drawing.
4.3 State letter strokes and guide lines.
4.4 Perform better stroke in single stroke gothic.
4.5 Print vertical single stroke letters and numbers.
4.6 Print inclined single stroke letters and numbers.
4.7 Observe stability and pleasing appearance of letters in printing
5. UNDERSTAND SELECTING OF CIRCLES, ARCS, AND VIEWS OF

OBJECTS.
5.1 Draw circular an arc using circular line method.
5.2 Draw a circular arc using square method.
5.3 Draw an ellipse using rectangular method.
5.4 Draw views of simple objects.
6. APPLY DRAWING SKILL WITH THE AID OF DRAWING INSTRUMENTS

IN GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION
6.1 Define common terms used in geometrical construction.
6.2 Explain different geometrical shapes, surfaces of objects.
6.3 Draw basic geometrical construction.
6.4 Draw involute, cycloid, spiral, tangent to circle and are
7. UNDERSTAND THE MULTI VIEW OF PROJECTIONS SPECIFIC

OBJECTIVE
7.1 Define the concept of multi-view drawings.
7.2 Knows principle planes of projections.
7.3 Knows the orthographic method of projection.
7.4 Explain the 1st and 3rd angle projections.
7.5 State six principle views.
7.6 Practice multi-view projections.
8. APPLY THE USE, TYPES AND METHODS OF PICTORIAL VIEWS

8.1 Knows the use of pictorial views.
8.2 Knows the pre-requisite of pictorial drawing.
8.3 State three types of pictorial drawings.
8.4 Draw isometric view of rectangular Blocks, Ares, circles.
8.5 Draw oblique sketching of rectangular blocks.
8.6 Draw one-point perspective view of a Rectangular block.
8.7 Draw Two point perspective view of a rectangular block.
8.8 Prepare/draw pictorial drawings of simple objects.
9. APPLY GOOD DIMENSIONING ON MULTIVIEWS AND PICTORIALS.

9.1 Define dimensioning.
9.2 Identify the types of dimensioning.
9.3 Enlist the elements of dimensioning.
9.4 Identify the system of measurements.
9.5 Indicate complete dimension on multi view drawings.
9.6 Indicate complete dimension or pictorial drawings.
9.7 Follow the general rules for dimensioning.
9.9 Indicate notes and specification or multiview drawings.
10. APPLY THE SECTIONING METHODS OF MATERIAL AND DRAW

SECTIONAL VIEWS.
10.1 Define sectioning and its purpose.
10.2 Describe cutting planes and lines.
10.3 State types of sectional views.
10.4 Explain conventional section lines of different materials.
10.5 Practice sectioning.
11. APPLY DRAWING METHODS TO DRAW MULTIVIEWS OF MACHINE

ELEMENTS.
11.1 Draw multiviews of vee-block.
11.2 Draw multiviews of Gland
11.3 Draw keys & cotters.
11.4 Draw Multi views of simple bearing.
SECTION-II COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN.
12. UNDERSTAND CAD FUNDAMENTALS.

12.1 Define CAD.
12.2 Describes importance of CAD.
12.3 States purpose of CAD.
12.4 Explain advantages of CAD.
12.5 Establish importance of CAD usage in industry.
13. UNDERSTAND CAD SOFTWARE.

13.1 Describe computer system requirements for CAD (e.g Auto CAD release 12 or
latest).
13.2 State procedure of giving command to CAD.
13.3 State CAD (e.g autocad rel. 12 or latest) abbreviations.
13.4 State use of function keys.
13.5 Describe procedure of giving commands with a mouse.
13.6 Explain procedure of getting general help for a specific command.
13.7 Explain drawing cursor and coordinate read out.
13.8 Explain cartesian notion.
13.9 Explain polar notation.
14. UNDERSTAND BORDER TEMPLATE OF A DRAWING.

14.1 Describe setting up of drawing area.
14.2 Describe setting of displayed digits.
14.3 Explain changing the drawing limits.
14.4 Explain use of grid system (auto rel-12 or latest).
14.5 Explain adjustment of drawing scale.
14.6 Explain procedure of drawing line with line command.
14.7 Explain P-edit command for widening boarder.
14.8 Explain procedure of saving boarder template.
15. UNDERSTAND ADDING A TITLE BLOCK TO THE BORDER DRAWING.

15.1 Describe checking the drawing time.
15.2 Explain Change command.
15.3 Explain creation of layer for title block.
15.4 Explain procedure of creating a title block.
15.5 Explain Zoom command.
15.6 Explain importance of saving a drawing.
15.7 Explain use of CAD (Autocad R-12 or latest).
15.8 Explain filling in the title block by writing drawing title,name etc.
15.9 Explain procedure of plotting drawing on a plotter or printer.
15.10 Explain Qsave command.
16. UNDERSTAND DRAWING LINES AND CIRCLES.

16.1 State beginning of a new drawing.
16.2 Explain Dedit command (autocad R-12 or latest).
16.3 Describe viewing the entire drawing.
16.4 Explain drawing of angled line.
16.5 Explain U-command.
16.6 Explain Redo command.
16.7 Explain drawing a circle with circle command.
16.8 Explain automatic work saving procedures.
LIST OF PRACTICALS 192 Hours
A. BASIC ENGINEERING DRAWING:

1. Lettering 5mm height
2. Lettering 3mm height
3. Use of Tee Square and set squares for drawing horizontal, vertical and inclined lines.
4. use of Tee square and for drawing centres, crossing of lines
5. use of compass, circles, half circles, radius.
6. Draw round corners, figure inside and outside circle.
7. Plane geometry angles and triangles.
8. Plane Geometry quadrilateral square rhombus, rectangle and parallelogram
9. Plane geometry parallel-lines, perpendicular, bisect line and angle.
10. Plane geometry equal division of line and some radio with the help of compass and set
square.
11. Plane geometry inscribe and circumscribe square, triangle and hexagon.
12. Plane geometry of construction of polygon, five, six, seven and eight sides.
13. Plane geometry of inscribe pentagon in a circle and pentagon by general and different
methods.
14. Plane geometry of tangent of circle inside and outside
15. Plane geometry of construction of ellipse with two methods.
16. Plane geometry of construction of ellipse with next two methods.
17. Plane geometry of construction of parabola curve 4 methods
18. Plane geometry of construction of hyperbola curve
19. Plane geometry of Spiral curve
20. Plane geometry of helix curve.
21. Plane geometry of construction of involute curve of square rectangle hexagon and circle
22. Different types of drawing lines.
23. Orthographic projection 1 and 3rd angle L block
24. Orthographic projection 1 and 3rd angle Step Block
25. Orthographic projection 1 and 3rd angle Vee block
26. Orthographic projection 1 and 3rd angle Given Block
27. Orthographic projection 1 and 3rd angle Additional Block
28. Orthographic projection and Isometric Drawing Given Block
29. Orthographic projection and Isometric Drawing Given Block next
30. Orthographic projection and Isometric Drawing Given Block next
31. Different types of sectioning
32. different section lines for different material
33. Orthographic projection of Vee block sectional views.
34. Orthographic projection Gland sectional views
35. Orthographic projection Open bearing sectional views
36. Concept for different types of Drawings
37. Isometric and oblige drawings of cube with one hole.
38. Isometric and oblige drawings of another given block.

39. Missing lines and portions on given views
40. Missing lines and portions on given views next
43. Isometric scale and development of cube
44. Development of prism
45. Development of cylinder
46. Development of Cone
47. Development of Pyramid
48. Thread profile of square and vee threads.
49. Different types of threads
50. Sketch of hexagonal nut and bolt
51. Rivet heads
52. Single riveted lap joint
53. Single riveted but joint
B. COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN (Auto cad Rel-12 or latest).

1. Practice loading CAD software into computer memory.
2. Practice un loading CAD software safely and cone to Dos prompt.
3. Practice CAD abbreviations, auto CAD release 12 of latest (e.g A for Arc, C for circle,
E for Erase etc).
4. Practice function keys for short cuts.
5. Practice to draw two points using cartesian Notation on graph paper
6. Practice to draw straight line using polar coordinates on graph paper
7. Set-up drawing area using CAD software
8. Practice for Turning GRID ON and OFF and SNAP on and OFF
9. Draw a line with line command
10. Widen Border lines with pedit
11. Save Border Template (QSAVE)
12. Create layers and move border to it's own layer
13. Create a layer for Title Block
14. Create Title Block
15. Practice for Zoom command
16. Practice for CAD Type faces (Auto CAD Rel-12 or latest)
17. Practice for filling Title Block
18. Practice for plotting the drawing on plotter or printer
19. Begin a New drawing
20. Practice with Dedit command to make changes in the drawing
21. Draw an Angled line
22. Practice with U-Command and Redo command
23. Draw a circle with circle command
BASIC
ENGINEERING
DRAWING & CAD-I
MT-143

Syed Haider Ali
Azeem Academy
)‫(الزمي‬
GEN - 211
)‫برائے ڈپلومہ آف ایسوسی ایٹ انجیئرز (سال دوم‬

‫مکینیکل ٹینکنالوجی‬


Phy-212 APPLIED MECHANICS
Total Contact Hours T P C

Theory 32 Hours 1 3 2
Practical 96 Hours
AIMS 1. Apply the concepts of Applied Physics to understand Mechanics

2. Apply laws and principles of Mechanics in solving technological problems
3. Use the knowledge of App. Mechanics in learning advance technical courses.
4. Demonstrate efficient skill of practical work in Mechanics Lab.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. MEASUREMENTS 2 Hrs
1.1 Review: Dimensional formula of Equations of Motion
1.2 Review: Systems of measurement, S.I. Units, conversion
1.3 Significant Figures
1.4 Degree of accuracy
2. EQUILIBRIUM OF CON-CURRENT FORCES 3 Hrs

2.1 Concurrent forces
2.2 Addition and Resolution of Vectors
2.3 Toggle Joint, Hanging Chains
2.4 Roof Trusses, Cranes.
2.5 Framed structures
3. MOMENTS AND COUPLES: 2 Hrs

3.1 Principle of Moments - Review
3.2 Levers
3.3 Safety valve
3.4 Steel yard
3.5 Parallel forces, couple
3.6 Torque
4. EQUILIBRIUM OF NON CONCURRENT FORCES: 3 Hrs

4.1 Non-concurrent forces
4.2 Free body diagram

4.3 Varignon's theorem
4.4 Conditions of total Equilibibrium.
4.5 Ladders
5. MOMENT OF INERTIA: 3 Hrs

5.1 Review: Rotational Inertia
5.2 Moment of Inertia, Theorems
5.3 Moment of Inertia of symmetrical bodies
5.4 M.I. of Fly wheel with applications
5.5 Energy stored by Fly wheel
6. FRICTION: 2 Hrs
6.1 Review: Laws of friction
6.2 Motion of body along an inclined plane (up & down)
6.3 Rolling friction & Ball Bearings
6.4 Fluid Friction, Stokes' Law
7. WORK, ENERGY AND POWER 3 Hrs

7.1 Work-Energy relationship
7.2 Work done by variable force.
7.3 Power
7.4 I.H.P, B.H.P and Efficiency
7.5 Dynamometer.
8. TRANSMISSION OF POWER: 3 Hrs

8.1 Belts, Ropes.
8.2 Chains.
8.3 Gears.
8.4 Clutches, functions and types with application
9. MACHINES: 3 Hrs
9.1 Efficiency of machines
9.2 Inclined plane - Review
9.3 Reversibility of machines
9.4 Single purchase crab
9.5 Double purchase crab.
9.6 Worm and worm wheel.
9.7 Differential Screw Jack.
9.8 Differential Pulley, Wheel and Axle
10. VIBRATORY MOTION: 2 Hrs

10.1 S.H.M. - Review
10.2 Pendulums
10.3 Speed Governors.
10.4 Helical spring.
10.5 Cams
10.6 Quick return motion
11. ELASTICITY: 3 Hrs

11.1 Three Modulii of Elasticity
11.2 Loaded Beams, Types of Beam & Loads
11.3 Bending Stress
11.4 S.F & B.M diagram
11.5 Torsion and Torsional Stresses
12. SIMPLE MECHANISM: 1 Hr

12.1 Introduction
12.2 Kinematic link or Element
12.3 Kinematic pair and types.
12.4 Kinematic chains and types.
13. VELOCITY IN MECHANISM: 2 Hrs

13.1 Introduction.
13.2 Instantaneous centre.
13.3 Instantaneous velocity.
13.4 Velocity of a link by instantaneous centre method.
13.5 Relative velocity of two bodies in the straight line
13.6 Velocity of a link by relative velocity method.
Phy 212 APPLIED MECHANICS
1. USE THE CONCEPTS OF MEASUREMENT IN PRACTICAL

SITUATIONS/PROBLEMS
1.1 Explain Dimensional formula
1.2 Explain systems of measurement
1.3 Use concept of significant figures and degree of accuracy to solve problems
2. USE THE CONCEPT OF ADDITION AND RESOLUTION OF VECTORS TO

PROBLEMS ON EQUILIBRIUM INVOLVING CONCURRENT FORCES
2.1 Describe concurrent forces
2.2 Explain resolution of vectors
2.3 Use the analytical method of addition of vectors for solving problems.
2.4 Use the graphical method of addition of vectors for solving problems.
2.5 Solve problems on forces with emphasis on roof trusses, cranes simple frames
and framed structures.
3. USE THE PRINCIPLE OF MOMENTS AND CONCEPT OF COUPLE TO

SOLVE PROBLEMS.
3.1 Describe the principle of moments.
3.2 Use the principle of moments to solve problems on compound levers, safety
valve, steel-yard.
3.3 Describe couple and torque.
3.4 Use the concept to solve problems on torque.
4. USE THE LAWS OF TOTAL EQUILIBRIUM OF FORCES TO SOLVE

PROBLEMS INVOLVING FORCES IN EQUILIBRIUM.
4.1 Distinguish between concurrent and non-concurrent forces.
4.2 Prepare a free body diagram of an object or a structure.
4.3 Explain Varignon's theorem.
4.4 Explain the second condition of equilibrium.
4.5 Use laws of total equilibrium to solve problems on forces involving framed
structure and ladders.
5. USE CONCEPTS OF MOMENT OF INERTIA TO PRACTICAL SITUATIONS

AND PROBLEMS.
5.1 Explain moment of inertia.
5.2 Explain the theorems of Parallel and perpendicular Axis.
5.3 Describe the M.I. of regular bodies
5.4 Explain M.I. of Fly wheel
5.5 Explain Energy stored by Fly Wheel
5.6 Use these concepts to solve simple problems.
6. UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPTS AND LAWS OF SOLID AND FLUID

FRICTION.
6.1 Define Coefficient of friction between a body placed on an inclined plane and
the surface.
6.2 Explain motion of a body placed on an inclined plane
6.3 Calculate the force needed to move a body up and down an inclined plane.
6.4 Explain rolling friction and use of ball bearings.
6.5 Describe fluid friction and Stoke's law.
7. UNDERSTAND WORK, ENERGY AND POWER.

7.1 Derive work-energy relationship
7.2 Use formulae for work done by a variable force to solve problems.
7.3 Explain Power, I.H.P, B.H.P and efficiency.
7.4 Describe dynamometers.
7.5 Use the concepts to solve problems on power and work-energy
8. UNDERSTAND TRANSMISSION OF POWER THROUGH ROPES AND

BELTS.
8.1 Describe the need for transmission of power.
8.2 Describe methods of transmission of power.
8.3 Describe transmission of power through ropes and belts.
8.4 Write formula for power transmitted through ropes and belts.
8.5 Describe transmission of power through friction gears and write formula.
8.6 Describe transmission of power through chains and toothed wheels/gears.
8.7 Use the formulae to solve/problems on transmission of power.
8.8 Describe types and function of clutches with applications
9. USE THE CONCEPTS OF MACHINES TO PRACTICAL SITUATIONS.

9.1 Explain theoretical, actual mechanical advantage and efficiency of simple
machines.
9.2 Use the concept to calculate efficiency of an inclined plane.
9.3 Describe reversibility of machines.
9.4 Calculate the efficiency of:
i. Single purchase crab.
ii. Double purchase crab.
iii. Worm and worm wheel.
iv. Differential screw jack, Diff. Pulley, Wheel and Axle.
9.5 Use the formulae to solve the problems involving efficiency, M.A of the above
machines.
10. USE THE CONCEPTS OF VIBRATORY MOTION TO PRACTICAL

SITUATIONS.
10.1 Define vibratory motion giving examples.
10.2 Describe circular motion and its projection on diameter of the circular path.
10.3 Relate rotatory motion to simple vibratory motion.
10.4 State examples of conversion of rotatory motion to vibratory motion and vice
versa.
10.5 Describe speed governors, cams quick return motion.
10.6 Derive formulae for position, velocity and acceleration of a body executing
S.H.M.
10.7 Use the concept of S.H.M to helical springs.
10.8 Use the concept S.H.M to solve problems on pendulum.
11. UNDERSTAND BENDING MOMENTS AND SHEARING FORCES.

11.1 Define three types of stresses and modulii of elasticity.
11.2 Describe types of beams and loads.
11.3 Explain shearing force and bending moment.
11.4 Use these concepts to calculate S.F and B.M in a given practical situation for
point loads, uniformly distributed loads.
11.5 Prepare S.F and B.M diagram for loaded cantilever and simply supported beams.
11.6 Describe torsion and torsional stresses giving formula
12. UNDERSTAND SIMPLE MECHANISMS.

12.1 Define simple mechanisms.
12.2 Define kinematics.
12.3 Explain kinematic link or element.
12.4 Explain kinematic chains.
12.5 Distinguish between types of kinematic chains.
13. UNDERSTAND THE METHOD OF FINDING VELOCITY IN MECHANISMS.

13.1 Explains relative velocity.
13.2 Explain instantaneous center.
13.3 Explain instantaneous velocity.
13.4 Explain the method of finding velocity of a link by:
i. Relative velocity method.
ii. Instantaneous center method.
Phy-212 APPLIED MECHANICS
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Find the weight of the given body using Law of Polygon of forces.
2. Find unknown forces in a given set of concurrent forces in equilibrium using Grave-
sands apparatus
3. Set a jib crane and analyse forces in its members
4. Set a Derrick Crane and analyse forces in its members
5. Study forces shared by each member of a Toggle Joint
6. Set a Roof Truss and find forces in its members
7. Verify Principle of Moments in a compound lever
8. Calibrate a steelyard
9. Find the Reactions at the ends of a loaded beam
10. Use Reaction of Beams apparatus to study resultant of Parallel forces
11. Find the Moment of Inertia of a Flywheel
12. Find the angle of reaction for a wooden block placed on an inclined plane
13. Find the B.H.P. of a motor
14. Study the transmission of Power through friction gears
15. Study the transmission of power through belts
16. Study the transmission of Power through toothed wheels
17. Study the function of clutches
18. Find M.A. and Efficiency of wom and worm wheel
19. Find M.A. and efficiency of differential wheel and axle
20. Find the efficiency of a screw
21. Find the efficiency of a differential pulley
22. Study conversion of rotatory motion to S.H.M. using S.H.M. Model/Apparatus
23. Study conversation of rotatory motion to vibratory motion of the piston in a cylinder
24. Study the reciprocating motion
25. Study the working of cams
26. Study the quick return motion
27. Compare the Elastic constants of the given wires
28. Verify Hooke's Law using Helical Spring
29. Find the coefficient of Rigidity of a wire using Maxewell's needle
30. Find the coefficient of Rigidity of a round bar using torsion apparatus
31. Find the coefficient of Rigidity of a rectangular bar using Deflection of Beam
Apparatus
32. Determine S.F. and B.M. in a loaded canti-lever (Point Loads)
33. Determine S.F. and B.M. in a simply supported Beam (Point Loads)
34. Determine S.F. and B.M. in a simply supported Beam (Point loads and uniformly
distributed load)
35. Determine S.F. and B.M. in a simply supported Beam (Point loads and uniformly
distributed)
36. Study working and function of link mechanism of different types
APPLIED
MECHANICS
PHY-212
Diploma of Associate Engineer (2nd Year)

Prof. Tariq Habib
Azeem Academy
Math-212 APPLIED MATHEMATICS-II

Theory 64 hours 2 0 2
Pre-requisite:- Must have completed Mathematics I.
AIMS After completing the course the students will be able to:
1. Solve problems of Calculus and Analytic Geometry.
2. Develop mathematical skill, attitudes and logical perception in the use of
mathematical instruments.
3. Apply principles of Differential Calculus to work out rate measures, velocity,
acceleration, maxima & minima values
4. Use Principles of Integral Calculus to compute areas and volumes.
5. Acquire proficiency in solving technological problems with mathematical clarity
and insight.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. FUNCTIONS & LIMITS. 4 Hours

1.1 Constant & Variable Quantities
1.2 Functions & their classification
1.3 The concept of Limit
1.4 Limit of a Function
1.5 Fundamental Theorems on Limit
1.6 Some important Limits
1.7 Problems
2. DIFFERENTIATION 4 Hours
2.1 Increments
2.2 Differential Coefficient or Derivative
2.3 Differentiation ab-initio or by first Principle
2.4 Geometrical Interpretation of Differential Coefficient
2.5 Differential Coefficient of Xn, (ax + b)n
2.6 Three important rules
2.7 Problems
3. DIFFERENTIATION OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS 4 Hours

3.1 Explicit Functions

3.2 Implicit Functions
3.3 Parametric forms
3.4 Problems
4. DIFFERENTIATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 4 Hours

4.1 Differential Coefficient of Sin x, Cos x, Tan x from first principle.
4.2 Differential Coefficient of Cosec x, Sec x, Cot x
4.3 Differentiation of inverse Trigonometric functions.
4.4 Problems.
5. DIFFERENTIATION OF LOG: & EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS 4 Hours

5.1 Differentiation of ln x
5.2 Differentiation of Log ax
5.3 Differentiation of ax
5.4 Differentiation of ex
5.5 Problems
6. RATE OF CHANGE OF VARIABLE. 4 Hours

6.1 Increasing and decreasing functions
6.2 Maxima and Minima values
6.3 Criteria for maximum & minimum values
6.4 Methods of finding maxima & minima
6.5 Problems
7. INTEGRATION 8 Hours
7.1 Concept
7.2 Fundamental Formulas
7.3 Important Rules
7.4 Problems
8. METHODS OF INTEGRATION 6 Hours

8.1 Integration by substitution
8.2 Integration by parts
8.3 Problems
9. DEFINITE INTEGRALS 6 Hours

9.1 Properties
9.2 Application to area
9.3 Problems
10. PLANE ANALYTIC GEOMETRY & STRAIGHT LINE 6 Hours

10.1 Coordinate System
10.2 Distance Formula

10.3 The Ratio Formulas
10.4 Inclination and slope of a line
10.5 The slope Formula
10.6 Problems
11. EQUATIONS OF THE STRAIGHT LINE 6 Hours
11.1 Some important Forms
11.2 General Form
11.3 Angle Formula
11.4 Parallelism & Perpendicularity
11.5 Problems
12. THE EQUATIONS OF THE CIRCLE 8 Hours

12.1 Standard form of Equation
12.2 Central form of Equation
12.3 General form of Equation
12.4 Radius & Coordinates of the centre
12.5 Problems
Math-212 APPLIED MATHEMATICS-II
1. USE THE CONCEPT OF FUNCTIONS AND THEIR LIMITS IN SOLVING

SIMPLE PROBLEMS.
1.1 Define a function.
1.2 List all types of functions.
1.3 Explain the concept of limit and limit of a function.
1.4 Explain fundamental theorems on limits.
1.5 Derive some important limits.
1.6 Solve simple problems on limits.
2. UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF DIFFERENTIAL COEFFICIENT.

2.1 Derive mathematical expression for a differential coefficient.
2.2 Explain geometrical interpretation of differential coefficient.
2.3 Differentiate a constant, a constant associated with a variable and the sum of
finite number of functions.
2.4 Solve related problems.
3. USE RULES OF DIFFERENTIATION TO SOLVE PROBLEMS OF

ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS.
3.1 Differentiate ab-initio xn and (ax+b)n.
3.2 Derive product, quotient and chain rules.
3.3 Find derivatives of implicit functions & explicit functions
3.4 Differentiate parametric forms, functions w.r.t another function and by
rationalization.
4. USE RULES OF DIFFERENTIATION TO SOLVE PROBLEMS INVOLVING

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS.
4.1 Differentiate from first principle sin x, Cos x, tan x.
4.2 Derive formulas for derivation of Sec x, Cosec x, Cot x.
4.3 Find differential coefficients of inverse trigonometric functions.
5. USE RULES OF DIFFERENTIATION TO LOGARITHMIC AND

EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS.
5.1 Derive formulas for differential coefficient of logarithmic and exponential
functions.
6. UNDERSTAND RATE OF CHANGE OF ONE VARIABLE WITH RESPECT

TO ANOTHER.
6.1 Write expression for velocity, acceleration and slope of a line.
6.2 Define an increasing and a decreasing function, maxima and minima values,
point of inflexion.
6.3 Explain criteria for maxima and minima values of a function.
6.4 Solve problems involving rate of change of variables.
7. APPLY CONCEPT OF INTEGRATION IN SOLVING TECHNOLOGICAL

PROBLEMS.
7.1 Explain the concept of integration.
7.2 Write basic theorems of integration.
7.3 List some important rules of integration.
7.4 Derive fundamental formulas of integration.
7.5 Solve problems based on these formulas/rules.
8. UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT METHODS OF INTEGRATION.

8.1 List standard formulas.
8.2 Integrate a function by substitution method.
8.3 Find integrals by the method of integration by parts.
8.4 Solve problems using these methods.
9. UNDERSTAND THE METHODS OF SOLVING DEFINITE INTEGRALS.

9.1 Define definite integral.
9.2 List properties of definite integrals using definite integrals.
9.3 Find areas under the curves.
9.4 Solve problems of definite integrals.
10. UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF PLANE ANALYTIC GEOMETRY.

10.1 Explain the rectangular coordinate system.
10.2 Locate points in different quadrants.
10.3 Derive distance formula.
10.4 Prove section formulas.
10.5 Derive Slope formula.
10.6 Solve problem using the above formulas.
11. USE EQUATIONS OF STRAIGHT LINE IN SOLVING PROBLEMS.

11.1 Define a straight line.
11.2 State general form of equation of a straight line.
11.3 Derive slope intercept and intercept forms of equations of a straight line.
11.4 Derive expression for angle between two straight lines.
11.5 Derive conditions of perpendicularity and parallelism of two straight lines.
11.6 Solve problems involving these equations/formulas.
12. SOLVE TECHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS USING EQUATION OF CIRCLE.

12.1 Define a circle.
12.2 Describe standard, central and general forms of the equation of a circle.
12.3 Convert general form to the central form of equation of a circle.

12.4 Deduce formulas for the radius and the coordinates of the center of a circle from
the general form.
12.5 Derive equation of the circle passing through three given points.
12.6 Solve problems involving these equations.
APPLIED
MATHEMATICS-II
MATH-212

Muhammad Hamid Ayaz
Azeem Academy

Mgm-211 BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

T P C
1 0 1
Total contact hours
Theory 32 Hrs.
Prerequisites: The students shall already be familiar with the language concerned.
AIMS The course has been designed to enable the students to.
1. Develop communication skills.
2. Understand basic principles of good and effective business writing in
commercial and industrial fields.
3. Develop knowledge and skill to write technical report with confidence and
accuracy.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. COMMUNICATION PROCESS. 6 Hours

1.1 Purposes of communication
1.2 Communication process
1.3 Distortions in communication
1.4 Consolidation of communique
1.5 Communication flow
1.6 Communication for self development
2. ORAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS. 6 Hours

2.1 Significance of speaking.
2.2 Verbal and non-verbal messages.
2.3 Strategic steps of speaking.
2.4 Characteristics of effective oral messages.
2.5 Communication Trafficking.
2.6 Oral presentation.
3. QUESTIONING SKILLS. 3 Hours

3.1 Nature of question.
3.2 Types of questions.
3.3 Characteristics of a good question.
3.4 Questioning strategy
4. LISTENING SKILLS. 5 Hours

4.1 Principles of active listening.

4.2 Skills of active listening.
4.3 Barriers to listening.
4.4 Reasons of poor listening.
4.5 Giving Feedback.
5. INTERVIEWING SKILLS. 3 Hours

5.1 Significance of interviews.
5.2 Characteristics of interviews.
5.3 Activities in an interviewing situation
5.4 Types of interviews.
5.5 Interviewing strategy.
6. REPORT WRITING. 3 Hours

6.1 Goals of report writing
6.2 Report format.
6.3 Types of reports.
6.4 Report writing strategy.
7. READING COMPREHENSION. 2 Hours

7.1 Reading problems.
7.2 Four Reading skills.
8. GROUP COMMUNICATION. 4 Hours

8.1 Purposes of conducting meetings.
8.2 Planning a meeting.
8.3 Types of meetings.
8.4 Selection f a group for meeting.
8.5 Group leadership skills.
8.6 Running a successful meeting.
8.7 Active participation techniques.
Mgm-211 BUSINESS COMMUNICATION.
1. UNDERSTAND THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS.
1.1 State the benefits of two way communication.
1.2 Describe a model of communication process.
1.3 Explain the major communication methods used in organization.
1.4 Identify the barriers to communication and methods of overcoming these
barriers.
1.5 Identify misconceptions about communication.
2. UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF ORAL.

2.1 Identify speaking situations with other peoples.
2.2 Identify the strategy steps of speaking.
2.3 Identify the characteristics of effective speaking.
2.4 State the principles of one-way communication.
2.5 State the principles of two-way communication.
2.6 Identify the elements of oral presentation skills.
2.7 Determine the impact of non-verbal communication on oral communication.
3. DETERMINE THE USES OF QUESTIONING SKILLS TO GATHER AND

CLARIFY INFORMATION IN THE ORAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS.
3.1 Identify different types of questions.
3.2 Determine the purpose of each type of question and its application.
3.3 Identify the hazards to be avoided when asking questions.
3.4 Demonstrate questioning skills.
4. DEMONSTRATE THE USE OF ACTIVE LISTENING SKILL IN THE ORAL

COMMUNICATION PROCESS.
4.1 State the principles of active listening.
4.2 Identify skills of active listening.
4.3 Identify barriers to active listening.
4.4 State the benefits of active listening.
4.5 Demonstrate listening skills.
4.6 Explain the importance of giving and receiving feed back.
5. Determine the appropriate interview type for the specific work-related situation
and conduct a work-related interview.
5.1 State the significance of interviews.
5.2 State the characteristics of interviews.
5.3 Explain the activities in an interviewing situation.
5.4 Describe the types of interviews.
5.5 Explain the interviewing strategy.
5.6 Prepare instrument for a structured interview.
6. PREPARE A REPORT OUT-LINE, BASED ON SUBJECT MATTER AND

AUDIENCE.
6.1 Identify the different types of reports.
6.2 Determine when to use an informal or formal report presentation.
6.3 Identify the stages of planning a report.
6.4 Identify the parts of a report and choose the parts appropriate for each type of
report.
6.5 Draft a report outline.
7. DEMONSTRATE READING COMPREHENSION.

7.1 Identify major reading problems.
7.2 Identify basic reading skills.
7.3 State methods of previewing written material.
7.4 Identify methods of concentration when reading.
7.5 Demonstrate reading comprehension.
8. UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLES OF GROUP COMMUNICATIONS.

8.1 State the purpose and characteristics of major types of meeting.
8.2 Explain responsibilities of a meeting/committee.
8.3 Identify problems likely to be faced at meeting and means to overcome these
problems.
8.4 Distinguish between content and process at meetings.
8.5 Explain the key characteristics of a good group facilitator.
BUSINESS
COMMUNICATION
MGM-211

Rasul Bakhsh Khosa
Azeem Academy
Mgm 221 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS
Total Contact Hours

Theory 32 T P C
Practical 0 1 0 1
AIMS The students will be able to develop management skills, get acquainted the learner with
the principles of management and economic relations and develop
commercial/economic approach to solve the problems in the industrial set-up.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. ECONOMICS 2 Hours
1.1 Definition: Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall, Prof. Robins.
1.2 Nature and scope
1.3 Importance for technicians.
2. BASIC CONCEPTS OF ECONOMICS 1 Hour

2.1 Utility
2.2 Income
2.3 Wealth
2.4 Saving
2.5 Investment
2.6 Value.
3. DEMAND AND SUPPLY. 2 Hours

3.1 Definition of demand.
3.2 Law of demand.
3.3 Definition of supply.
3.4 Law of supply.
4. FACTORS OF PRODUCTION. 2 Hours

4.1 Land
4.2 Labour
4.3 Capital
4.4 Organization.
5. BUSINESS ORGANIZATION. 3 Hours

5.1 Sole proprietorship.
5.2 Partnership
5.3 Joint stock company.
6. ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS 4 Hours

6.1 Preparing, planning, establishing, managing, operating and evaluating relevant
resources in small business.
6.2 Business opportunities, goal setting.
6.3 Organizing, evaluating and analyzing opportunity and risk tasks.
7. SCALE OF PRODUCTION. 2 Hours

7.1 Meaning and its determination.
7.2 Large scale production.
7.3 Small scale production.
8. ECONOMIC SYSTEM 3 Hours

8.1 Free economic system.
8.2 Centrally planned economy.
8.3 Mixed economic system.
9. MONEY. 1 Hour
9.1 Barter system and its inconveniences.
9.2 Definition of money and its functions.
10. BANK. 1 Hour

10.1 Definition
10.2 Functions of a commercial bank.
10.3 Central bank and its functions.
11. CHEQUE 1 Hour

11.1 Definition
11.2 Characteristics and kinds of cheque.
11.3 Dishonour of cheque.
12. FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 2 Hours

12.1 IMF
12.2 IDBP
12.3 PIDC
13. TRADE UNION 2 Hours

13.1 Introduction and brief history.
13.2 Objectives, merits and demerits.
13.3 Problems of industrial labour.
14. INTERNATIONAL TRADE. 2 Hours

14.1 Introduction
14.2 Advantages and disadvantages.
15. MANAGEMENT 1 Hour
15.1 Meaning
15.2 Functions
16. ADVERTISEMENT 2 Hours

16.1 The concept, benefits and draw-backs.
16.2 Principal media used in business world.
17. ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN 1 Hour

17.1 Introduction
17.2 Economic problems and remedies.
Mgm-221 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS.
1. UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF ECONOMICS.

1.1 State definition of economics given by Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall and
Professor Robins.
1.2 Explain nature and scope of economics.
1.3 Describe importance of study of economics for technicians.
2. UNDERSTAND BASIC TERMS USED IN ECONOMICS.

2.1 Define basic terms, utility, income, wealth, saving, investment and value.
2.2 Explain the basic terms with examples
3. UNDERSTAND LAW OF DEMAND AND LAW OF SUPPLY.

3.1 Define Demand.
3.2 Explain law of demand with the help of schedule and diagram.
3.3 State assumptions and limitation of law of demand.
3.4 Define Supply.
3.5 Explain law of Supply with the help of schedule and diagram.
3.6 State assumptions and limitation of law of supply.
4. UNDERSTAND THE FACTORS OF PRODUCTION

4.1 Define the four factors of production.
4.2 Explain labour and its features.
4.3 Describe capital and its peculiarities.
5. UNDERSTAND FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION.

5.1 Describe sole proprietorship, its merits and demerits.
5.2 Explain partnership, its advantages and disadvantages.
5.3 Describe joint stock company, its merits and demerits.
5.4 Distinguish public limited company and private limited company.
6. UNDERSTAND ENTERPRENEURIAL SKILLS

6.1 Explain preparing, planning, establishing and managing small business set up
6.2 Explain evaluating all relevant resources
6.3 Describe organizing analyzing and innovation of risk of task
7. UNDERSTAND SCALE OF PRODUCTION.

7.1 Explain scale of production and its determination.
7.2 Describe large scale production and it merits.
7.3 Explain small scale of production and its advantages and disadvantages.
8. UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT ECONOMIC SYSTEMS.

8.1 Describe free economic system and its characteristics.
8.2 Explain centrally planned economic system, its merits and demerits.
8.3 State mixed economic system and its features.
9. UNDERSTAND WHAT IS MONEY

9.1 Define money
9.2 Explain barter system and its inconveniences.
9.3 Explain functions of money.
10. UNDERSTAND BANK AND ITS FUNCTIONS.

10.1 Define bank.
10.2 Describe commercial bank and its functions.
10.3 State central bank and its functions.
11. UNDERSTAND CHEQUE AND DISHONOR OF CHEQUE.

11.1 Define cheque.
11.2 Enlist the characteristics of cheque.
11.3 Identify the kinds of cheque.
11.4 Describe the causes of dishonor of a cheque.
12. UNDERSTAND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.

12.1 Explain IMF and its objectives.
12.2 Explain organisational set up and objectives of IDBP.
12.3 Explain organisational set up and objectives of PIDC.
13. UNDERSTAND TRADE UNION, ITS BACKGROUND AND FUNCTIONS.

13.1 Describe brief history of trade union.
13.2 State functions of trade union.
13.3 Explain objectives, merits and demerits of trade unions.
13.4 Enlist problems of industrial labour.
14. UNDERSTAND INTERNATIONAL TRADE.

14.1 Explain international trade.
14.2 Enlist its merits and demerits.
15. UNDERSTAND MANAGEMENT

15.1 Explain meaning of management.
15.2 Describe functions of management.
15.3 Identify the problems of business management.
16. UNDERSTAND ADVERTISEMENT.

16.1 Explain the concept of advertisement.
16.2 Enlist benefits and drawbacks of advertisement.

16.3 Describe principal media of advertisement used in business world.
17. UNDERSTAND THE ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN.

17.1 Describe economy of Pakistan.
17.2 Explain economic problems of Pakistan
17.3 Explain remedial measures for economic problems of Pakistan.
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
& INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS
MGM-221

Rasul Bakhsh Khosa
Azeem Academy

ET-202 APPLIED ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS

T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hrs.
Theory 32
Practicals 96
Pre-requisite: Engg. Physics Ist year
AIMS:This course enables the students to understand the fundamental of electricity, know the
devices used for control of industrial equipments, their properties and uses. The course
provide the knowledge of working principles and operation of A.C. and D.C. motors,
transformers and generators, interpret connection diagrams of various electrical
devices. Students will be able to observe safety rules and provide electric shock
treatment.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY 3 Hours

1.1. Current, voltage and resistance, their units
1.2. Ohms law, simple calculations
1.3. Laws of resistance, simple calculations
1.4. Combination of resistances, simple calculations
1.5. Electrical and mechanical power, their conversion, units, horse power
1.6. Heating effect of current, joules law
1.7. Electrical energy, units, energy bill
1.8. Thermal relay
2. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRO MAGNETISM 5 Hours

2.1. Magnetism, units, theory of magnetism
2.2. Permeability, Ferro magnetic materials
2.3. Electromagnetism, fields around current carrying - conductors, coils. Fleming's
right hand rule
2.4. Force on current-carrying conductor lying in magnetic field left hand rule
2.5. Farady's laws of electro magnetic induction, basic AC generator
2.6. Self and mutual induction, elementary transformer
2.7. Magnetic relays and connectors
3. MOTORS, GENERATORS AND TRANSFORMERS 5 Hours

3.1. Construction and working of AC and DC generators

3.2. Construction and working of transformers, emf and current equation types
3.3. Welding transformers, ratings
4.4. Types and working of AC motors
i. 1- Phase induction motor
ii. 3- Phase induction motors
3.5. Principle of Induction heating, construction, ratings of induction furnaces
4. BATTERIES AND CELLS 2 Hours
4.1. Types of cells, primary, secondary
4.2. Types of secondary cells, voltage ratings
4.3. Charging and discharging of lead acid battery
4.4. Precautions in handling batteries
4.5. Alkaline batteries, ratings
5. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS 4 Hours

5.1 Semiconductor theory, doping, P & N type materials
5.2 PN Junction diode, potential barrier, forward and reverse bias
5.3 Use of PN Diode as rectifier
5.4 Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers
5.5 Filtering
6. TRANSISTORS 5 Hours
6.1 PNP & NPN transistors, biasing, working
6.2 Use of transistors as amplifies, gains in CE, CB and CC amplifiers
6.3 Field effect transistors, construction and uses
6.4 Transistors as oscillators
7. SPECIAL PURPOSE DIODES AND DEVICES 5 Hours

7.1 Zener diodes, uses, ratings
7.2 Photodiods, uses
7.3 DIAC, uses
7.4 TRIAC, uses
7.5 Saturable core reactor
8. THYRISTORS 3 Hours
8.1 UJT, working, uses as oscillators
8.2 SCR, working, uses as control devices
8.3 Phase control of SCR's
1. UNDERSTAND BASIC CONCEPTS AND LAWS OF ELECTRICITY.

1.1 Define units of current, voltage and resistance
1.2 Explain Ohm's Paw
1.3 Solves simple problems on Ohm's laws
1.4 Substitute two of the three variables to find the third unknown in equation
V=IR
1.5 Calculate the equivalent resistances for resistors joined in series
1.6 Calculate electrical and mechanical power and the interrelation between the two
systems
1.7 Calculate the electrical energy consumption in an installation and prepare the
energy bill
1.8 State the action of different types of thermal relays
2. UNDERSTAND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT OF ELECTROMAGNETISM

2.1 State molecular theory of magnetism
2.2 Define various units involving magnetism
2.3 State the magnetic properties of materials and permeability
2.4 state the magnetism associate with current carrying conductors and coils
2.5 State flemings right hand rule
2.6 Explain the force experienced by the current carrying conductors in magnetic
fields according to flemings right hand rule
2.7 State farady's laws of electro magnetic induction.
2.8 Explain the production of A.C. in a simple coil rotating in a uniform magnetic
field
2.9 State the self induction in a coil and the mutually induced voltage in a nearby
coil due to fuse linkage
2.10 Explain the working of magnetic relays and contractors.
3. UNDERSTAND WORKING OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, AND GENERATORS

AND TRANSFORMERS
3.1 State the main parts of D.C. Electric Motors and D.C. generator
3.2 State the construction of Alternator
3.3 State the construction of three phase induction motor and single phase induction
motors
3.4 Explain the working principal of transformers
3.5 State various parts of a transformer
3.6 State the emf equation of transformer and transformation ratio equation
3.7 Explain the working of transformer specially designed for welding purpose and
its settings.
3.8 Explain the working of different types of electric furnaces.
3.9 Explain the working of electric spot welding machine

4. UNDERSTAND THE ELECTRO CHEMICAL EFFECT AND ITS
APPLICATION IN VARIOUS TYPES OF BATTERIES AND CELLS
4.1 Define the primary and secondary cells
4.2 state different types of secondary cells and their voltage rating
4.3 Explain the method of charging of a lead Acid battery
4.4 Enlist the precautions in handling batteries
4.5 State the construction of Alkaline Batteries and their ratings.
5. UNDERSTAND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS

5.1 State the Semi conductor theory
5.2 State how type P type and N type material is produced
5.3 State the action of potential barrier in a P.N junction and the effect of forward
and reverse bias on the junction.
5.4 Draw the circuit diagram for half wave and full wave rectifier
5.5 Draw the Bridge Rectifier circuit with filter circuit
6. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR

AND F.E.T. TRANSISTOR
6.1 State the biasing working of N.P.N. and P.N.P. type of transistor
6.2 Draw the circuit indicating the method of biasing the NPN and PNP transistors
6.3 Draw the different types of amplifier connections (C.E., C.B. C.C.)
6.4 State the working of field effect transistors
6.5 Enlist the comparative properties and usage of two types of transistor (Bipolar
verses F.E.T.)
6.6 State the working of a transistor Oscillator and draw its circuit diagram.
7. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF SPECIAL PURPOSE DEVICES

7.1 State the working of zanier diode
7.2 Draw the connection for a practical regulated power supply
7.3 State the working of photodiode and its uses
7.4 State the working of DIAC and its uses
7.5 State the working of TRIAC and its uses
7.6 State the working of saturable core reactor and its use
8. UNDERSTAND THE APPLICATION OF THYRISTORS IN CONTROL

CIRCUITS
8.1 Explain the working of Unijunction transistor and its use as an Oscillator
8.2 Draw circuit of a UJT relaxation oscillator
8.3 Explain the working of silicon controlled rectifier and its use as a control
device.
8.4 Explain the phase control with the help of S.C.R. for A.c. Loads.
8.5 Draw circuits using phase control by SCR's
LIST OF PRACTICAL 96 Hours

1. Study of electrical measuring instruments, handling precautions, methods of connection
2. Verification; of Ohm's law
3. Verification of laws of combination; of resistance
4. Measurement of power by Volt-ammeter and wattmeter
5. Measurement of energy
6. Study of thermal and magnetic relays/contractors
7. Study of magnetic fields due to current-carrying conductors, coils
8. Verification of faraday's laws of electro-magnetic induction
9. Verification of self and mutual induction
10. Study of magnetic relays
11. Study of AC and DC generators, voltage build-up-Excitation
12. Study of transformers, determination of voltage ratio
13. Study of welding transformers
14. Starting single-phase induction motors, reversal
15. Starting 3-phase induction motors, reversal.
16. Connections of magnetic starters with motors
17. Connections of 30point (forward-stop-reverse) starters
18. Study of Induction furnaces, their controls.
19. Study of Primary and secondary cells.
20. Charging of lead Acid Batteries, safety precautions, preparation of electrolyte
21. Study and connections of PN diodes as rectifiers
22. Connecting PN Diode as half-wave and full-wave
23. Connecting PN Diode as bridge Rectifiers with filter
24. Study connections and biasing of PNP and NPN transistors
25. Determination of current and voltage gains of CE amplifier
26. Study and connections of zener diode as voltage regulator
27. Study and connections of Photodiode as light sensing device
28. Study and connections of DIAC's and TRIAC's as switch circuits
29. Determination of intrinsic stand-off ratio of UJT.
30. Connections of UJT as relaxation Oscillator
31. Study and connections of SCR as a power switch
32. Study of phase control of SCR's
APPLIED
ELECTRICITY
& ELECTRONICS
ET-202

Nisar Ahmed Siddiqui
Azeem Academy
MT-212 METROLOGY
T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hrs.
Theory 32
Practicals 96
Pre-requisite: Workshop Practice-I
AIMS The subject is connected with the methods of measurements based on agreed
International Standards and units. The practice in the subject requires the use of
apparatus and equipment which include instruments necessary to adjust and permit the
degree of accuracy required.
1. INTRODUCTION TO TECHNICAL MEASUREMENTS. 3 Hours

1.1 History of measurements
1.2 Importance and purpose of measurements
1.3 Systems of measurements
1.3.1 English system
1.3.2 Metric system
1.3.3 ISO standards.
1.3.4 Fits, Tolerance & Allowances.
2. TRANSFER TOOLS 3 Hours

2.1 Insides Calliper
2.2 Outside Calliper
2.3 Combination inside and out side
3. GRADUATED TOOLS. 1 Hours

3.1 Foot rules
3.2 Steel Tapes
4. ADJUSTABLE MEASURING TOOLS 4 Hours

4.1 Vernier Caliper
4.2 Micro meter
4.3 Dial indicator
4.4 Combination square
5. FIXED VALUE MEASURING TOOLS 3 Hours

5.1 Ring gauges

5.2 Radius gauges
5.3 Slip gauges. (Gauge blocks)
5.4 Go-No-Go gauges
6. ANGLE MEASURING TOOLS 4 Hours

6.1 Fixed angle measuring tool
6.1.1 Squares
6.1.2 Thread gauges
6.1.3 Grinding gauges.
6.1.4 Dial gauges.
6.1.5 Wire gauges
6.2 Adjustable angle measuring tools
6.2.1 With out graduations.
6.2.2 With graduations.
7. ACCURACY IN MEASUREMENTS 3 Hours

7.1 Five basic Metrology Elements.
7.2 Classification of Errors.
7.2.1 Controllable errors.
7.2.2 Random errors.
7.3 Calibration
7.4 Repeatability.
8. LINER MEASUREMENTS 8 Hours

8.1 Non precision measurements
8.1.1 Plates
(a) Surface plates
(b) Tool makers flats & high precision surface plates
(c) Glass surface plates
(d) Angle plates
8.1.2 Cast iron cubes.
8.1.3 Vee blocks.
8.1.4 Straight edges.
8.1.5 Spirit levels.
8.1.6 Engineer's square.
8.1.7 Engineer's parallels.
8.1.8 Universal surface gauge.
8.1.9 Engineer's Taper, wire & thickness gauges
8.1.10 Pitch screw gauge
8.2 Precision measurements
8.2.1 Vernier instruments
(a) Vernier Height gauge.
(b) Vernier depth gauge.

(c) Dial indicator vernier caliper.
(d) Combination depth and angle gauge
8.2.2 Micrometer calipers.
(a) Inside Micrometer
(b) Micrometer depth gauge
(c) Thread Micrometers
(d) Dial Micrometer caliper
(e) Tube Micrometer
(f) Hot gauge micrometer
8.2.3 Dial indicators & indicating gauges.
8.2.4 Internal gauges.
(a) Dial bore gauges.
(b) Cylinder gauges.
(c) Slip gauges & accessories
8.2.5 Gauge Blocks
8.2.6 Sine Bars
8.3 Optical measurements
8.3.1 Tool makers Microscope.
(a) Study
(b) Uses
8.3.2 Use of optical flats
8.4 Comparators.
8.4.1 Automatic gauging
8.4.2 Mechanical comparator
(a) Study
(b) Uses
8.4.3 Use of Electronic comparator
8.4.4 Pneumatic or Air comparators
(a) Study
(b) Uses
8.4.5 Projection/optical comparators.
(a) Study
(b) Uses.
9. GEAR INSPECTION AND MEASUREMENTS 3 Hours

9.1 Two types of gear inspection
9.1.1 Analytical.
9.1.2 Functional.
9.2 Gear tooth measurements.
9.2.1 Gear tooth vernier caliper method
9.2.2 Constant cord method
9.2.3 Base tangent method
9.2.4 Test plug method

MT-212 METROLOGY
1. INSPECTION TECHNIQUES
1.1 Understand Inspection
1.1.1 Explain inspection and its need in the industry
1.1.2 Define
(i) Superficial inspection
(ii) Dimensional inspection
(iii) Surface testing
1.1.3 Explain 1.1.2
1.2 Understand inspection technique
1.2.1 Explain the classification of inspection
1.2.2 Discuss the merits and demerits of
(i) Floor and
(ii) Centralized inspection
2. QUALITY CONTROL
2.1 Understand the concept of quality control
2.1.1 Describe quality control
2.1.2 Discuss the importance of quality control in industry
2.2 Understand effect of dimensional variations on quality control
2.2.1 Describe dimensional variations
2.2.2 Give the causes of dimensional variations
2.2.3 Explain effect of dimensional variation on quality control
3. MARKING TOOLS
3.1 Apply different Marking Tools
3.1.1 Describe application of following marking tools like
(i) Divider
(ii) Scriber
(iii) Trammels
(iv) Oddleg caliper
3.1.2 Explain 3.1.1
4. MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
4.1 Understand the instruments used in semi-precision and precision
measurements
4.1.1 Semi Precision Instruments
4.1.2 Explain Transfer Instrument
(i) In side/out side caliper
(ii) Combination set
4.1.3 Practice use of transfer instruments

4.1.4 Graduated Instruments: Apply the correct use of different graduated
instruments
4.1.3 Describe the function of following instruments
(i) Steel Rule
(ii) Hook Rule
(iii) Folding Rule
(iv) Measuring Tape
4.1.4 Practice the use of graduated instruments
4.1.5 Linear Measuring Instruments
4.1.6 Apply the Linear measuring devices State use of following
(i) Plates
a) Surface plates
b) Tool makers surface plate
c) Glass surface plates
d) Angle plates
(ii) Cast iron cubes
(iii) Vee block
(iv) Straight edge
(v) Spirit level
(vii) Engineers parallel
4.1.7 Practice use of linear measuring devices
4.2 Precision Measuring Instruments
Apply the working and use of precision measuring instruments
4.2.1 Explain the working and use of following instruments
a. Micrometer
(i) Out-side micrometer
(ii) In-side micrometer
(iii) Depth micrometer or Depth gauge
(iv) Plug micrometer
(v) Vernier micrometer
b. Vernier Caliper English
(i) Vernier caliper
(ii) Vernier height gauge
(iii) Vernier depth gauge
(iv) Dial vernier caliper
4.2.2 Practice use of Precision measuring Instruments
4.3 Angular Measurement
Apply the correct use of various Angle measuring instruments
4.3.1 Identify the various angle measuring instruments
4.3.2 Observe proper care and use of following instruments
(i) Bevel protractor
(ii) Bevel protractor vernier
(iii) Sine Bar
5. TOLERANCE, LIMITS AND ALLOWANCE

5.1 Understand Tolerance, Limits and Allowance
5.1.1 Describe Tolerance
5.1.2 Discuss the importance of Tolerance in production
5.1.2 Explain types & importance of Tolerance
5.2 Limits
5.2.1 Define Limits
5.2.2 Identify upper Limit and Lower Limit size
5.2.3 Explain various dimension Limit Including standard size Nominal size,
Normal size, Basic size, actual size and design size
5.3 Allowance
5.3.1 Define Allowance
5.3.2 Explain positive and Negative allowance (clearance and Interference
allowance)
6. GAUGES AND GAUGING

6.1 Understand gauge and gauging
6.1.1 Describe Go, not Go gauges & their uses
6.1.2 Classify various types of gauges i.e
a) Fixed Gauges
a Ring gauge, Ring Thread gauge
b Plug gauge, Plug Thread gauge
c Snap gauge
d Feeler gauge
e Radius gauge
f Slip gauge or gauge block
g Sheet metal and wise gauge
h Form gauge
i Pin gauge
j Height gauge
k Template gauge
l Receiver gauge
m Flush pim gauge
n Screw thread pitch gauge
o Dove tail gauge
p Drill gauge
q Master gauge
b) Adjustable gauges
a Surface gauge
b Depth gauge
c Height gauge
d Dial gauge
e Adjustable Limit snap gauge
c) Indicating Type gauges

a Plug indicating gauge
b Parallel indicating gauge
c Depth indicating gauge
d Combine indicating gauge and universal angle gauge
e Indicating type snap gauge
7. THREAD MEASUREMENT AND THREAD GAUGES

7.1 Apply thread measurement and thread gauges techniques
7.1.1 Describe Terminology of thread
7.1.2 Sketch a thread showing nomenclature
7.1.3 Explain classes of thread fit
(i) Class 1 (Loose fit)
(ii) Class 11 (Free fit)
(iii) Class 111 (Medium-fit)
(iv) Class iv (close fit)
7.1.4 Select proper inspecting procedure for checking of external thread
(i) Three wise Method
(ii) Zies Micrometer
8. COMPARATORS
8.1 Understand comparator terminology
8.1.1 Define Comparator
8.1.2 Explain the working principle of :
a Electronic/Electrical Comparator
b Pneumatic comparators
c Optical/Projection comparators
d Mechanical comparator
e Automatic gauging comparator (Automatic gauging electronic
Machine)
f Gauge Block Comparator
g Microscope
9. FITS
9.1 Understand the terminology of Fits
9.1.1 Define fits
9.1.2 Explain the types of fits
9.1.3 Distinguish clearance, interference, Transition fits
MT-212 METROLOGY

1. Practice of following marking tools.
a) Divider
b) Scriber
c) Trammel
d) Oddleg caliper
2. Practice of inside and outside calipers
3. Practice of combination set
4. Practice of following graduated instruments.
a) Steel Rule
b) Hook Rule
c) Folding Rule
d) Measuring Tape
5. Practice of Linear Measurement with following instruments.
a) Surface plate
b) Tool makers surface plate
c) Glass surface plate
d) Angle plate
e) Cast Iron cubes
f) Vee block
g) Straight Edge
h) Spirit level
i) Enginer's level
j) Engineer's parallel
6. Practice of precision instruments i.e.
i) Micrometer
a) Outside micrometer
b) Inside micrometer
c) Depth Micrometer
d) Plug Micrometer
e) Vernier Micrometer
ii) Vernier calliper
iii) Vernier Height gauge
iv) Vernier depth gauge
v) Dial vernier caliper
7. Practice of different angle measuring instruments
a) Bevel protector
b) Bevel protector vernier
c) Sine bar
8. Calculation relating to the limits, tolerance and allowance involving different types of
fits.
9. Study of gauges and their uses

a) Fixed gauges
b) Adjustable gauges
c) Indicating gauges
10. Thread measurement and thread gauges
a) Study of thread measurement and thread gauges and also thread fits
b) Practice of 3-wire method for checking of external threads
c) Practice of ziess micrometer
11. Practice and use of following comparators.
a) Electrical/Electronics comparators
b) Pneumatic comparators
c) Optical/Projection comparators
d) Mechanical comparators
e) Automatic gauging comparators
f) Gauge block comparators
g) Microscope (Tool Maker microscope)
Note: Quarterly Industrial visit must be arranged for observing physically, the use of above
inspection tools/instruments in quality control lab.
METROLOGY
MT-212

Syed Shaukat Abbas
Azeem Academy
MT-223 ENGINEERING DRAWING & CAD-II

T P C
1 6 3
Total contact hrs.
Theory 32
Practicals 192
Pre-requisites: BASIC ENGINEERING DRAWING & CAD-I
AIMS Engineering Drawing is a continuation of basic and engineering drawing MT-143 for
Ist year Mechanical Technology. It deals with Geometrical constructions, Drawing
symbols & Constructions, Sectioning, Geometrical solids, Riveted joints, fasteners,
working drawings, Assembly drawings and Auto Cad.
PART-A: ENGINEERING DRAWING
1. DRAWING SYMBOLS 1 Hours

1.1 Welding symbols & Plumbing symbols
1.2 Conventional breaks.
1.3 Thread symbols External & internal
2. SECTIONING 2 Hours
2.1 Half sectioning
2.2 Full sectioning
2.3 Revolved sectioning
2.4 Broken-out sectioning
2.5 Oblique sectioning
2.6 Phantom sectioning
2.7 Conventional sectioning
2.8 Practice sectional views
3. INTERSECTIONS OF GEOMETRICAL SOLIDS 2 Hours

3.1 Intersection of plane surfaces.
3.2 Intersection of Geometrical solids
3.2.1 Curved surfaces
3.2.2 Cylinder & Cylinder
3.2.3 Cylinder & cone
4. CONIC SECTIONS 2 Hours

4.1 Description of conic sections

4.2 Definition of circles ellipse parabola & Hyperbola
4.3 Drawing of ellipse parabola Hyperbola
5. DEVELOPMENTS OF GEOMETRICAL SOLIDS 2 Hours

5.1 Cylinder
5.2 Cone
5.3 Prism Right and truncated
5.4 Cone frustum and truncated
6. FASTENERS DESCRIPTION AND DRAWING 2 Hours

6.1 Screw threads
6.2 Studs,nuts & Bolts
6.3 Cap screws
6.4 Machine screws
6.5 Set screws
6.6 Lock nuts and locking devices
7. KEYS & COTTERS 2 Hours

7.1 Key nomenclature
7.2 Square & rectangular
7.3 Gib head
7.4 Wood Ruff
7.5 Cotters
8. SHAFT COUPLING 2 Hours

8.1 Types of coupling
8.2 Proportional sizes
8.3 Uses
9. STEAM ENGINE PARTS 2 Hours

9.1 List of parts
9.2 Sketch each part
10. RIVETS & RIVETED JOINTS. 3 Hours

10.1 Button head.
10.2 High button.
10.3 Cone head.
10.4 Flat top counter sunk.
10.5 Round top counter sunk.
10.6 Single riveted lap joint.
10.7 Double riveted lap joint.
10.7.1 Chain riveting.

10.7.2 Zig Zag riveting.
10.8 Single riveted single cover butt joint.
10.9 Single riveted double cover butt joint.
11. SET OF DRAWINGS. 4 Hours

11.1 Working drawings.
11.1.1 Gear shifter bracket.
11.1.2 Conveyor hanger.
11.1.3 Brace plate.
11.1.4 Relief valve body.
11.1.5 Torque tube support.
11.1.6 Automotive connecting Rod.
11.2 Assembly drawings.
11.2.1 Cone hook.
11.2.2 Jig table.
11.2.3 Vee belt.
11.2.4 Pivot hanger.
11.2.5 Anti-vibration Mount.
11.2.6 Boring bar holder.
11.2.7 Hydraulic check valve.
11.2.8 Stay Rod pivot.
11.2.9 Arbor press.
11.2.10Two Flange vice.
PART-B: CAD-II
12. REVIEW OF CAD 2 Hours

12.1 Loading the software
12.2 Important commands
12.3 Review of CAD I to refresh knowledge
13. SELECTING OBJECTS 2 Hours

13.1 Selection by pointing
13.2 Removing objects
13.3 Selection with a regular window
13.4 Selection with crossing window
13.5 Selection with polygon
13.6 UNDO option
13.7 Draw circle & centering
14. TRIMMING AND EXTRACTING 2 Hours

14.1 Change command
14.2 OSNAP
14.3 ROTATE command
14.4 BREAK command
14.5 EXTEND command
14.6 Trimming a circle
15. CONSTRUCTION OF A PULLEY 2 Hours
15.1 Connected circle
15.2 Tangent option
15.3 Stretch command
15.4 Array command
15.5 Mirror command
15.6 End command
1. DRAWING SYMBOLS
1.1 Knows basic concept of drawing symbols in engineering drawing
1.1.1 Describe graphical symbol for engineering drawing
1.1.2 State the usage of graphical symbol, in engineering drawing
1.2 Draw engineering drawing symbol
1.2.1 Draw graphic symbol, for welding and plumbing
1.2.2 Draw the conventional break lines of solid and hollow round bars,
square rods
1.2.3 Draw sectioning symbols for different materials
1.2.4 Represent external and internal threads conventionally
2. SECTIONING
2.1 Understand sectioning and sectional views
2.1.1 Describe sectional views
2.1.2 Explain full section half section, broken section, revolved section
removed section, phantom section and oblique section
2.1.3 Describe conventional section method
2.2 Understand multiview projection in section
2.2.1 Draw sectional view of simple machine parts
3. GEOMETRIC SURFACES AND SOLIDS

3.1 Understands geometric surfaces and solids
3.1.1 Define geometric surfaces
3.1.2 Explain types of geometric solids
3.1.3 Define geometric solids
3.1.4 Explain types of geometric solids
4. CONIC SECTIONS
4.1 Understand conic sections
4.1.1 Define conic sections
4.1.2 Explain principles of obtaining circle, ellipse, parabola and hyperbola
by intersecting plan
4.1.3 Draw ellipse, parabola and hyperbola by different methods.
5. DEVELOPMENT OF GEOMETRICAL SOLIDS

5.1 Knows the development of lateral surfaces of geometric solids
5.1.1 Describe the principle and step by step procedure of development
5.1.2 Distinguish the difference in procedure for development of right and
oblique geometric solid
5.1.3 Identify frustum and truncated geometrical object
5.2 Understand procedure of development of solids bounded by plane surfaces

and single curved surfaces
5.2.1 Draw development of truncated right prism and cylinder
5.2.2 Draw development of frustum and truncated of right cone and pyramid
6. FASTENERS DESCRIPTION AND DRAWING

6.1 Know fasteners and their principle usage
6.1.1 Define fasteners
6.1.2 Describe difference between temporary and permanent fastening
6.1.3 Define nomenclature of screw thread
6.1.4 Describe types of threads
6.1.5 State different types of screw thread fasteners
6.2 Draw common threaded fasteners
6.2.1 Draw derailed representation vee of and square threads
6.2.2 Draw hexagonal nut, nut and bolt
7. KEYS AND COTTERS

7.1 Understands the purpose and usage of keys and cotters
7.1.1 Define keys and cotters
7.1.2 Compare keys and cotters
7.1.3 Describe the types and usage of key and cotters
7.2 Draw common keys and cotters
7.2.1 Draw keys in shafts an hubs
7.2.2 Draw gib and cotter joint
8. RIVETS AND RIVETED JOINTS

8.1 Understand rivets riveting and riveted joints
8.1.1 Describe rivets and riveting
8.1.2 Define terminology of riveted joints
8.1.3 Explain types of riveted joints
8.2 Draw rivets head and riveted joints
8.2.1 Draw rivet heads
8.2.2 Draw single and double riveted Lap and Butt joint
9. SHAFT COUPLINGS
9.1 Understand shaft coupling
9.1.1 Define shaft coupling
9.1.2 List shaft couplings
9.1.3 Describe uses of shaft coupling
9.1.4 Explain Orthographic views of shaft coupling
a) Flange coupling (Protected, unprotected)
b) Muff coupling
c) Flexible coupling
10. STEAM ENGINE PARTS
10.1 Understand steam engine parts

10.1.1 List steam engine parts
10.1.2 Describe uses of steam engine parts
10.1.3 Draw steam engine parts
a) Piston
b) Connecting Rod and
c) Stuff box
11. WORKING DRAWING

11.1 Describe working drawing
11.1.1 Describe set of working drawing
11.1.2 Explain detail and assembly drawing
11.1.3 Explain title blodesand record strips
11.1.4 Explain types of assembly drawing
11.2 Prepare set of working drawing
11.2.1 Draw working drawing, detail and assembly drawing selecting from the
lists of exercise
SECTION-II CAD-II
12. REVIEW BASICS OF CAD SOFTWARE ALREADY STUDIED IN 1ST YEAR

12.1 Identify loading of CAD software in RAM
12.2 Review of commands like line, circle, change, pedit, layer, Zoom
12.3 Draw right angled triangle to refresh knowledge
13. UNDERSTAND SELECTING OBJECTS IN CAD-SOFTWARE

13.1 Describe CAD (Auto (AD Rel-12 or latest) selection methods
13.2 Describe selecting by pointing
13.3 Describe selection of previously selected items
13.4 Describe selection of previously Drawn items
13.5 Describe selection with a regular window
13.6 Describe removing objects from selection set
13.7 Describe Adding objects to the selection set
13.8 Explain selecting with a crossing window
13.9 Explain selecting with a polygon
13.10 Explain undoing the previous command
13.11 Draw a circle with circle command
13.12 Explain centering the circle
14. UNDERSTAND TRIMMING AND EXTENDING

14.1 Identify change command
14.2 Explain procedure of making lines horizontal with change command
14.3 Explain OSNAP Screen Menu
14.4 Explain OSNAP cursor Menu
14.5 Explain procedure of Duplicating objects with the copy command

14.6 Explain ROTATE Command
14.7 Explain moving objects within a drawing
14.8 Explain BREAK command
14.9 Explain use of TRIM command by Trimming lines
14.10 Describe EXTEND command
14.11 Explain procedure of Breaking a pre-drawn circle
14.12 Explain procedure for Trimming the circle
15. CONSTRUCT PULLEY (USING AUTO CAD REL-12 OR LATEST)

15.1 Identify importance of beginning a new drawing with the order template
15.2 Draw two connected circles
15.3 Describe procedure for "Turning on" Tangent Osnap mode
15.4 Draw tangent lines with Tangent option
15.5 Produce rotation of Drawing
15.6 Explain STRETCH Command
15.7 Discover importance of viewing of an object with zoom command
15.8 Draw a concentric circle
15.9 Draw Tangent circles
15.10 Explain ARRAY command (making Polar pattern)
15.11 Draw an Arc
15.12 Draw an wedge
15.13 Explain MIRROR command (Replicating objects)
15.14 Erasing construction line and Replacing two ares with one
15.15 Identify default W & C options for window selection
15.16 Replicate the wedge with ARRAY command
15.17 Plot the drawing and save it
15.18 Identify END command
A. ENGINEERING DRAWING 144 Hours

1. Construction of cycloid
2. Construction of involute of a circle.
3. Construction of a helix.
4. Draw welding symbols.
5. Draw sectioning symbols for different materials.
6. Representation of breaks in line, bars, tubes, square rod.
7. Conventional represent of internal and external threads.
8. Draw Hexagonal nut.
9. Draw hexagonal/square bolt and nut.
10. Practice in drawing sectional views from the objects enlisted below or similar.
1. Gland for stuffing box.
2. Fork for hooke's coupling.
3. Centre for hooke's coupling.
4. Vee block.
5. Shackle bolts.
6. Flange coupling.
7. Bushed Bearings.
8. Open bearing
9. Arm Pulley.
10. Cone and step pulley.
11. Wall bracket
12. Engine cross head.
13. Bracket for feb.
11. Construction conic sections, ellipse, parabola and hyperbola.
12. Development of truncated square, hexagonal prism.
13. Development of truncated cylinder.
14. Development of truncated and frustum of square, hexagonal pyramid.
15. Development of truncated frustum of cone.
16. Development of funnel.
17. Construction of line of intersection of two square prism.
18. Construction of line of intersection of two cylinder of :
(i) Same diameter
(ii) Different dia meter at right angle.
19. Construction of line of intersection of tee joint.
20. Drawing of rivet head.
21. Drawing of single/double rivetted lap and butt joints in chain/zig zag rivetting.
22. Draw detail and answering drawing/working drawing selecting from the following:
(i) Gib and cotter joint.
(ii) Gear shifter.

(iii) Conveyor hanger.
(iv) Bracket plate.
(v) Relief valve body.
(vi) Torque tube support.
(vii) Automotive connecting rod.
(viii) Cone hook.
(ix) Jig tables.
(x) Vee belt drive.
(xi) Pivot hanger.
(xii) Anti vibration mount.
(xiii) Boring bar holder.
(xiv) Hydraulic chock values.
(xv) Stay rod pivoted.
(xvi) Arbor pin.
(xvii) Flanged vice.
B. CAD-II 48 Hours
23. Practice commands studied in CAD-I
24. Draw circle with circle command and centre it
25. Draw two lines and make them horizontal with change command
26. Practice for copy command
27. Practice for rotate command by moving objects within drawing
28. Practice for breaking command for a pre-drawn circle and trim it
29. Draw a pulley using previous commands and options
30. Practical 29 continued.
ENGINEERING
DRAWING
& CAD-II
MT-223

Fawad Ahmed
Azeem Academy
MT-236 WORKSHOP PRACTICE-II

A. MACHINE SHOP
B. FOUNDRY & PATTERN MAKING
C. ADVANCE WELDING
Total contact hrs T P C

Theory 64 2 12 6
Practicals 384
Pre-requisite: Workshop Practice-I
AIMS:This subject deals with the types of lathes, drilling machines, tool grinders, shaper,
planner and appropriate course relating to foundry practice, pattern making and
advance welding. It will provide the students the information regarding tools, work
holding and supporting devices, attachments as well as selection and calculations of
speed and feeds. it also includes the study of Advance welding techniques.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. CONSTRUCTION OF LATHE MACHINE 3 Hours

1.1 Functions of lathes and its components
1.2 Types of lathes
1.3 Lathe accessories, attachments and work holding devices with their uses
2. LATHE CUTTING TOOLS 2 Hours

2.1 Kinds of lathe cutting tools
2.2 Lathe cutting tool design and their application
3. CUTTING SPEED AND FEED CALCULATIONS 2 Hours

3.1 Cutting speed and feed calculations
3.2 Depth of cut
3.3 Machining time
3.4 Coolants and Lubricants
4. LATHE OPERATION 10 Hours

4.1 Centering
4.1.1 Surface gauge method
4.1.2 Dial Test indicator method
4.2 Facing
4.2.1 Principles of facing
4.2.2 Facing work piece held in a chuck

4.2.3 Facing work piece mounted between centres
4.3 Drill and Drilling
4.3.1 Drill and Drilling principles
4.3.2 Centre and counter sink drilling
4.3.3 Speeds and feeds
4.3.4 Method of drilling work piece
4.4 Straight Turning
4.4.1 Principles of lathe turning
4.4.2 Turning classification
4.4.3 Types of shoulder turning
4.4.4 Methods of turning work-piece
4.4.4.1 Cylindrical or con-centric turning
4.4.4.2 Off set acentric turning
4.5 KNURLING
4.5.1 Principles of knurling
4.5.2 Types & classification of knurls
4.5.3 Types of knurling tools
4.6 BORING
4.6.1 Boring and counter boring principles
4.6.2 Boring tools and holders
4.6.3 Boring work piece held in a chuck
4.6.3.1 boring a straight hole
4.6.3.2 Boring a taper hole
4.7 REAMING
4.7.1 Principles of reaming
4.7.2 Types of reamers
4.7.3 Speed and feeds
4.8 TAPERS AND ANGLES
4.8.1 Principles of taper turning
4.8.2 Taper standards
4.8.3 Taper calculation
4.8.4 Methods of cutting tapers
4.9 THREADS AND THREAD CUTTING
4.9.1 Principles of screw threads
4.9.2 Thread terminology
4.9.3 Forms of threads
4.9.4 Thread standards
4.9.5 Thread cutting calculation
4.9.5.1 Millimeter system
4.9.5.2 Inch standard
5. DRILL PRESS CONSTRUCTION 2 Hours

5.1 Types of drill press

5.2 Parts and function of drill press
6. DRILL AND DRILLING OPERATIONS 3 Hours

6.1 Drill press operations
6.2 Drill parts and function
6.3 Grinding/sharpening a drill
6.4 Tool holding devices
6.5 Work holding devices
6.6 Speed and feeds
6.7 Coolants and cutting lubricants
7. TOOL GRINDER 2 Hours

7.1 Parts of grinder
7.2 Grinding operations
7.3 Grinding wheels & their numbers of function
7.4 Grinding rules, safety & protective devices
8. SHAPER CONSTRUCTION 3 Hours

8.1 Types of shaper
8.2 Parts and function of shaper
8.3 Lubrication of shaper
8.4 Shaping stroke adjustment
9. SHAPER WORK 3 Hours

9.1 Shaper cutting tools
9.2 Shaper speed and feeds
9.3 Clamping work for shaping
9.4 Shaping, Horizontal, vertical, oblique, profile
10. PLANNER 3 Hours

10.1 Construction
10.2 Work holding methods
10.3 Planner operations
B. FOUNDRY & PATTERN MAKING
11. MOLDING
11.1 Molding Techniques 2 Hours
11.1.1 Bedding in
11.1.2 Use of two parting surfaces
11.1.3 Loose piece patterns
11.1.4 Use of draw back

11.1.5 Ramming of pattern requiring three flasks
11.2 CORE MAKING 2 Hours
11.2.1 Green sand cores
11.2.2 Dry sand cores
11.2.3 Properties of cores
11.2.4 Core mixtures
11.2.5 Core prints
11.2.6 Baking of cores
11.2.7 Prepare solid & hollow cores
11.3 CUPOLA OPERATION 4 Hours
11.3.1 Properties of the melt charge
11.3.2 Cupola charging
11.3.3 Tapping and bottling
11.3.3.1 Tapping bar
11.3.3.2 Bot sticle
11.3.3.3 Bottling Clay
11.3.3.4 Bott
11.3.3.5 Slag bole tapping
11.3.3.6 Melting Zones
11.3.3.7 Charging the cupola,melting and pouring of molds
11.4 Casting Defects 2 Hours
11.4.1 Blow holes.
11.4.2 Shrinkage.
11.4.3 Mis-run and Mis-match.
11.4.4 Fins etc.
11.5 PATTERN MAKING. 4 Hours
11.5.1 Introduction to Pattern Making.
11.5.2 Principles of Pattern Making.
11.5.3 Materials of Pattern.
11.5.4 Types of patterns and uses
11.5.5 Split and loose piece patterns
11.5.6 Skeleton patten
11.5.7 Plastic patterns
11.6 ALLOWANCES. 2 Hours
11.6.1 Shrinkage allowance
11.6.2 Draft allowance.
11.6.3 Rapping allowance
11.6.4 Machining allowance
C. ADVANCE WELDING
12. GAS WELDING 4 Hours
12.1 Construction of gas cylinder
12.2 Construction of gas regulator

12.3 Welding gases
12.4 Blow pipes, torches and nozzles
12.5 Gas cutting operations
12.6 Welding techniques and precaution for:
12.6.1 Steel
12.6.2 Alloy steel
12.6.3 Cast Iron
12.6.4 Aluminum
12.6.5 Copper and copper alloys
13. ELECTRIC ARC WELDING 2 Hours

13.1 Welding transformers
13.1.1 current setting
13.1.2 Uses of A.C. transformers
13.2 Generator
13.2.1 Current setting
13.2.2 Uses of generators
13.2.3 Effects of polarity and its determination
14. ELECTRODES 2 Hours

14.1 Size of electrodes
14.2 Types of electrodes
14.3 Specific application of electrodes
14.4 Advantages and dis-advantages of long and short arcs
14.5 Bare metal material and thickness
15. SPECIAL WELDING PROCESS 6 Hours

15.1 Resistance welding
15.2 Spot welding
15.3 Seam welding
15.4 TIG and MIG welding
16. DEFECTS OF WELDING 2 Hours

16.1 Causes
16.2 Remedies
16.3 Method of testing
A) MACHINE SHOP
1. LATHE CONSTRUCTION
1.1 Understand function of lathe and its parts
1.1.1 List the parts
1.1.2 Explain function of each part
1.1.3 Explain the inter-relation of each part
1.1.4 Explain the working of lathe in brief
1.2 Know types of Lathe
1.2.1 List the types of lathe
1.2.2 Describe each type
1.2.3 Describe advantages and limitation of each type
1.3 Understand Lathe accessories, attachment work holding devices with uses
1.3.1 Name the lathe accessories
1.3.2 Explain each
1.3.3 Name the lathe attachments
1.3.4 Explain each
1.3.5 List the work holding devices
1.3.6 Explain each
2. LATHE CUTTING TOOLS

2.1 Understands kinds of lathe cutting tools
2.1.1 List the types of lathe cutting tools
2.1.2 Explain each
2.2 Understand lathe tool angles
2.2.1 Name each angle for different lathe cutting tools
2.2.2 Describe each
2.2.3 Explain the functions and application of each angle
3. CUTTING SPEED AND FEED

3.1 Understand speed and feed
3.1.1 Define speed
3.1.2 Define feed
3.1.3 Describe method of speed calculation
3.1.4 Describe method of feed calculation
3.1.5 Describe relationship between speed and feed
3.1.6 Describe relationship between speed/feed/lathe capacity/cutting edge of
cutting tools
3.2 Understand depth of cut

3.2.1 Describe depth of cut
3.2.2 List the factor inflenenca the depth of cut
3.2.3 Explain the relation between different factor affecting the depth of cut
3.3 Understand machining time
3.3.1 Describe machining time
3.3.2 Explain machine time calculation method
3.4 Understand coolants and lubrication
3.4.1 List the coolants and lubrications used
3.4.2 Describe each
3.4.3 Explain merit/demerit of each
4. LATHE OPERATION
4.1 Understand centering
4.1.1 List different methods of centering the job
4.1.2 Describe each method
4.1.3 Explain the importance of centering job
4.2 Understand simple turning
4.2.1 Describe turning
4.2.2 Describe principle of turning
4.2.3 Describe turning classification
4.2.4 Explain the method of turning a job
4.2.5 Explain the method of measuring/checking
4.2.6 Explain shoulder turning
4.2.7 Explain internal turning
4.2.8 Explain off set or eccentric turning
4.3 Understand Taper Turning
4.3.1 Describe taper turning
4.3.2 Describe principle of taper turning
4.3.3 Explain the use of formula for taper turning
4.3.4 List the methods of taper turning
4.3.5 Explain each method
4.3.6 Identify correct size and quality of work.
4.4 Understand Knurling
4.4.1 Define knurling
4.4.2 Describe purpose of knurling
4.4.3 Describe principle of knurling
4.4.4 List methods of knurling
4.4.5 Explain each
4.4.6 Explain tools used in knurling
4.5 Understand thread and thread cutting
4.5.1 Define thread
4.5.2 Describe thread terminology
4.5.3 Describe different form of thread

4.5.4 Describe the thread cutting procedure
4.5.5 Define pitch and lead
4.5.6 Explain thread cutting calculation
4.5.7 Explain thread cutting calculation based on various systems
4.5.8 Explain thread cutting operations
4.5.9 Identify correct size and quality of work
4.6 Understand Facing
4.6.1 Define facing
4.6.2 Describe principle of facing
4.6.3 Explain the facing operation
4.6.4 Explain the facing operation on job held in chuck
4.7 Understand drilling by lathe
4.7.1 List different method of drilling on lathe machine
4.7.2 Describe each method
4.7.3 Explain the tools used in each
4.7.4 Explain the adjustment of speed and feed for different drilling methods
4.8 Understand Lathe boring
4.8.1 Define boring its function and uses
4.8.2 Explain boring principle and procedure
4.8.3 Explain boring a taper hole
4.8.4 Explain adjustment of speed and feed for boring
4.8.5 Explain boring tools
4.9 Understand Reaming by Lathe
4.9.1 Define reaming its function and uses
4.9.2 List types of reamers
4.9.3 Explain each
4.9.4 Explain adjustment of speed and feed of reamer
5. DRILL PRESS/DRILLING
5.1 Understand drill machine
5.1.1 List types of drill machines
5.1.3 List parts of a drill machine
5.1.4 Explain function of each parts
5.2 Understand drilling operation
5.2.1 List parts of a drill
5.2.2 Explain each parts
5.2.3 Explain types of drills
5.2.4 List different angles of drill
5.2.5 Explain each
5.2.6 Explain drill holding devices

5.2.7 Explain drilling operation
5.2.8 Explain speed and feed
5.2.9 Explain coolant and lubrication
5.2.10 Explain grinding of drill-tools
5.2.11 Observe safety procedures
6. TOOL GRINDER
6.1 Understand grinder
6.1.1 List parts of grinder
6.1.2 Explain each
6.1.3 List types of grinder
6.1.4 Describe each
6.1.5 Explain speed of grinder
6.1.6 List the types of grinding wheels
6.1.7 Explain each
6.1.8 Explain grinding operation
6.1.9 Observe safety involved in grinding
7. SHAPER WORK
7.1 Understand shaper machine
7.1.1 List parts of a shaper
7.1.2 Explain each part
7.1.3 Explain lubrication of shaper
7.1.4 Explain forward and backward stroke of a shaper
7.1.5 Explain shaper stroke adjustment
7.2 Shaper operation
7.2.1 List types of shaper tools
7.2.2 Explain each
7.2.3 Explain adjustment of shaper speed and feed
7.2.4 List different clamping devices for job and tool
7.2.5 Explain each
7.2.6 Describe oblique profile work
7.2.7 Explain calculation of time in shaper work
7.2.8 Identify measurement of size and quality of work
8. PLANNER
8.1 Understand planner
8.1.1 List parts of a planner
8.1.2 Explain each
8.1.3 Explain lubrication of planner
8.1.4 Explain forward/back-ward stroke for planner
8.1.5 Describe tool and work holding devices in planner
8.1.6 Explain differences between shaper and planner
8.2 Planner operation

8.2.1 Describe tool used in planner
8.2.2 Describe adjustment of speed and feed
8.2.3 Explain planning operation
8.2.4 Explain the attachment of planner
8.2.5 Identify measurement of size and quality of work
B) FOUNDRY AND PATTERN MAKING
9. PRINCIPLES OF PATTERN MAKING

9.1 Know the meaning and needs of pattern making
9.1.1 Define a pattern
9.1.2 State the needs of pattern making
9.1.3 Describe kinds of pattern its material and uses
10. TOOLS AND MATERIALS OF PATTERN MAKING

10.1 Know the tools and materials used for pattern making
10.1.1 Enlist the common tools used for pattern making
10.1.2 Describe some important hand tools for pattern making
a. Marking Measuring and layout Tools
b. Sawing Tools
c. Planing Tools and planners
d. Boring Tools
e. Clamping Tools
f. Miscellaneous Tools including:
Claw hammer, Mallets, Chisel, Gauge, Hand file, Rasp, Nail set,
Screwdriver, Bradawl, Fillet Iron Cornering Tool.
10.1.3 Describe different machines used in pattern making
a. Wood working Lathe
b. Circular saw
c. Band saw
d. Jigsaw or scroll saw
e. Wood working Drilling or Boring Machine
f. Molder
g. Jointer
h. Planing and Thicknessing Machine
i. Mortiser/Tenoner
j. Disc sander/Electric Hand sander
11. TYPES OF PATTERN AND THEIR USES

11.1 Know the type of pattern and their uses
11.1.1 Name the common type of pattern
11.1.2 Explain common types of pattern with sketches like:-
a. Single piece or solid pattern

b. Split pattern or two piece pattern
c. Loose piece pattern
d. Gated pattern
e. Metals plate pattern
f. Sweep pattern
g. Skeleton pattern
h. Segmented pattern
12. PATTERN ALLOWANCE

12.1 Know the type of pattern allowance and their needs
12.1.1 Define pattern allowance
12.1.2 State the reasons for providing pattern allowances
12.1.3 State the types of pattern allowance
12.1.4 Explain the types of pattern allowance like
a. Contraction or shrinkage allowance
b. Distortion allowance
c. Making or finishing allowance
d. Draft allowance
e. Repairing allowance
12.1.5 Enlist the rate of shrinkage allowance of common metals
13. TECHNIQUES OF PATTERN CONSTRUCTION

13.1 Understand the technique of pattern making
13.1.1 State pattern layout techniques
13.1.2 Explain the pattern layout procedure
13.1.3 Explain sequence of operations in constructing a pattern
14. CORE AND CORE BOXES

14.1 Understand uses of core and core Boxes
14.1.1 Define a core
14.1.2 State the types of cores
14.1.3 Explain different types of cores
14.1.4 Define core prints
14.1.5 Sketch and explain different types of cores and core-prints
14.1.6 Define a core Box
14.1.7 Name different types of core-Boxes and explain each
14.2 Understand the core making and core baking Techniques
14.2.1 Name the material use in core making
14.2.2 Explain the method of core making
14.2.3 Explain the necessity of baking core
14.2.4 Explain the method of core baking
14.2.5 Explain the fixing of core
15. PATTERN DESIGNING, COLOURING & STORAGE

15.1 Know the design considerations is pattern making
15.1.1 State the planning considerations for pattern making
15.1.2 State the design consideration for pattern making
15.2 Understand the pattern colour code system
15.2.1 State the need of colour codes
15.2.2 State the meaning of each colour
15.3 Know the proper storage procedure for patterns
15.3.1 Describe the procedure of proper storage
15.3.2 Describe the consideration of pattern storage
16. APPLICATION OF CLEAR FINISHES

16.1 Understand the oil finishing processes and their applications
16.1.1 Define an oil finish
16.1.2 State the applications of oil finishes
16.1.3 Explain the methods of applying linseed oil finishes.
16.2 Understand the wax finishing processes and their applications
16.2.1 Define a wax polish.
16.2.2 State the application of wax polish.
16.2.3 Explain the composition and method of applying common and
commercial wax polishes.
16.3 Understand the application of varnishes and lacquers
16.3.1 Define a varnish.
16.3.2 State the uses of varnishes.
16.3.3 Explain the composition and method of application of spirit varnish and
French polish.
C. ADVANCE WELDING
17. GAS WELDING

17.1 Understand gas welding equipment
17.1.1 List part of oxygen cylinder
17.1.2 Describe function of each part
17.1.3 Describe function of regulator in detail
17.1.4 List part of acetylene cylinder
17.1.5 Describe function of each part
17.1.6 Describe function of regulator in detail
17.2 Understand gases use in welding
17.2.1 List all the gases used
17.2.2 Describe the function of oxygen in gas welding.
17.2.3 Describe the function properties of other combustible gasses used.
17.2.4 Describe the comparison between different combustible gasses used.
17.3 Understand Blow Pipes/Torches and Nozzles.
17.3.1 Describe the construction of blow pipe torches and nozzles.
17.3.2 List the types of blow pipes,torches nozzles.

17.3.3 Explain distinct features of each and their uses
17.4 Understand welding Techniques and Procedure for steel welding.
17.4.1 Explain Job preparation.
17.4.2 Explain the formation of flame.
17.4.3 Explain the beed and beed making.
17.5 Know welding techniques for other metals.
17.5.1 List different methods of welding materials other than steel.
17.5.2 List different methods of preheating.
17.5.3 Describe each method of welding.
a. Describe welding Cast iron
b. Describe welding aluminum.
c. Describe welding of copper and copper alloys.
d. Describe welding of alloys steel
17.6 Understand Gas Cutting.
17.6.1 Define gas cutting.
17.6.2 Describe uses of gas cutting.
17.6.3 Describe adjustment of a flame for gas cutting.
17.6.4 Describe gas cutting apparatus.
17.6.5 Explain gas cutting apparatus.
17.6.6 Observe safety precautions in gas welding and cutting
18. ELECTRIC ARC WELDING.

18.1 Understand welding transformers.
18.1.1 Describe construction of a transformer.
18.1.2 Describe principles of working of transformers.
18.1.3 Describe current setting.
18.1.4 Describe AC transformer.
18.1.5 Describe uses of AC transformer.
18.2 Understand Generators.
18.2.1 Describe construction of a generator.
18.2.2 Describe current setting.
18.2.3 Describe effect of polarity.
18.2.4 List the difference between welding by transformer and generator.
18.2.5 Observe safety procedures in ARC welding
18.3 Understand Electrode.
18.3.1 Explain the sizes of electrode.
18.3.2 List the types of electrode.
18.3.3 Explain each type.
18.3.4 Describe the use of electrode.
18.3.5 List advantages and disadvantages of long and short arc.
18.3.6 Describe specific application of electrodes.
18.3.7 Relate base metal material and electrode.
18.4 Understand special Welding Processes.

18.4.1 Explain resistance welding.
18.4.2 Explain spot welding.
18.4.3 Explain seam welding.
A) MACHINE SHOP 192 Hours

1-2 Practice for centering the job by surface gauge method
3-4 Practice for centering the job by dial test indicator method
5-6 Practice of path cutting tool
7-8 Simple turning and facing practice
9 Practice of counter-sinking
10. Practice of drilling on lathe
11. Practice of step turning
12-14 Eccentric turning practice
15. Knurling practice
16-17 Practice of boring straight hole
18-19 Practice for step or counter boring
20-21 Practice for boring taper hole
22. Reaming practice
23-24 Practice of taper turning by compound rest method
25-26 Practice of taper turning by offset method
27-28 Practice of taper turning with taper turning attachment
29-30 Metric thread cutting practice
31-32 Practice of V-threads in inch system
33-34 Practice for square thread in metric system
35-36 Practice of square thread in inch system
37-39 Multi-start threading practice
40-41 Practice for internal thread cutting on lathe
42-43 Drilling and taping practice
44. Reaming practice on drill press
45. Drill grinding practice
46-47 Tool grinding practice
48-49 Practice of making flat surfaces on shaper machine
50-51 Slotting work practice
52-53 Angular work practice
54-55 Making flat surfaces on planner machine
B) FOUNDRY AND PATTERN MAKING96 Hours

a. Sand Testing
i. Moisture contents
ii. Clay content
iii. Permeability number
iv. Green compressive strength
v. Fineness number of various sand samples
b. Moulding
i. Practice of previous (first year) mould making
ii. Practice use of some split patterns
iii. practice of irregular parting line patterns
c. Core making practice
i. half core
ii. Round core
iii. Practice assembling of two halves of cores
d. Castings
i. Practice use of pyrometers
ii. Introduction construction and operation of cupola furnace
iii. Practice of charging cupola furnace
iv. Cleaning and finishing of casting
a. By hand
b. Sand blasting
c. Water blasting
d. Short blasting
e. Use of different grinders
f. Tumbling barrel method
g. Hammer and chisel
h. Steel wire brush
i. Hand hacksaw
e. Testing Casting
i. Practice testing of casting defects by different methods
ii. Find out weight of casting by calculations
C) WELDING 96 Hours
i. Making a Lab. joint by gas welding.
ii. Making a butt joint by gas welding
iii. Preparing edges by graving double V or double U
iv. Making wall brackets by gas welding
v. Making plate and spoon
vi. Repairing broken pieces of cast iron and steel
vii. Making miniature or full size grills
viii. Making flower pots stand
ix. Repairing and building up of steel and cast iron parts by Arc welding
x. Making welder joints of copper and Aluminum
xi. Practice Argon Arc welding
xii. Practice vertical and overhead Arc welding
xiii. Practice spot welding
xiv. Practice cutting of M.S. and cast iron by gas and Arc method.
xv. Testing of welded joints.
WORKSHOP
PRACTICE-II
MT-236

Syed Asif Ali
Azeem Academy

MT-242 METALLURGY
Total contact hrs. T P C

Theory 64 2 0 2
Pre-requisite: Applied Chemistry
AIMS This subject deals with the Metallurgy concepts that influence Mechanical and physical
properties of Metals and Alloys. The student acquire knowledge of ores and the
methods of dressing them which enhances his knowledge regarding different operations
carried out in the recovery of ferrous & non-ferrous metals from their ores. The
students gains also knowledge of different steel making processes. The student will also
acquire knowledge of various shaping, farming, rolling methods. It will also enhance
the knowledge Die-casting process of metals & powder metallurgy.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION TO METALLURGY. 2 Hour

1.1 Definition & Classification
1.2 Scope of Metallurgy
2. ORES. 2 Hours
2.1 Definition of ore.
2.2 Iron ores and its occurrence in nature.
2.3 Natural resources of iron ores in Pakistan
2.4 Classification & evaluation of iron ores.
3. TREATMENT OF IRON ORES 3 Hours

3.1 Hand picking.
3.2 Magnetic separation.
3.3 Gravity separation.
3.4 Roasting and calcination.
3.5 Froth floatation.
4. PRODUCTION PROCESS 2 Hours

4.1 Reduction and oxidation.
4.2 Acid and Basic in Metallurgical terminology
5. REFRACTORY MATERIALS. 4 Hours

5.1 Definition and classification.
5.2 Acid refractory materials.
5.3 Basic refractory materials.
5.4 Natural refractory materials.
6. PRE-SMELTING TREATMENT OF ORES. 4 Hours

6.1 Concentration.
6.2 Calcination
6.3 Agglomeration.
6.3.1 Sintering.
6.3.2 Polletising
6.3.3 Nodulising.
7. THE SMELTING OPERATION. BLAST FURNACE 5 Hours

7.1 Construction of blast furnace.
7.2 Chemical reaction.
7.3 Zones of bast furnace
7.4 Taping of molten metal.
7.5 Composition of charge.
7.6 Pig iron properties and uses.
8. MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT IRON 4 Hours

8.1 Classification of puddling furnace
8.2 Charge of puddling furnace
8.3 Simple operation of puddling furnace
8.4 Uses of wrought iron.
9. TYPES OF STEELS. 4 Hours

9.1 Carbon steels.
9.2 Alloy steels.
9.3 Alloying elements of steel and their effects
9.4 Application of carbon and alloy steels.
9.5 Eutectoid steel.
9.6 Low Medium and high carbon steels.
9.7 Intermetallic compound.
10. STEEL MANUFACTURING PROCESS 10 Hours

10.1 Chemistry steel refining.
10.2 Construction and working of open hearth furnace.
10.2.1 Acid process.
10.2.2 Basic Process.
10.3 Bessemer convertor
10.3.1 Construction of convertor

10.3.2 Charge of the convertor.
10.3.3 Operation of Bessemer convertor.
10.4 Electric Arc furnace.
10.4.1 Construction of direct arc furnace.
10.4.2 Construction of indirect arc furnace
10.4.3 Operation of an electric arc furnace.
10.4.4 Charging of an electric arc furnace
10.4.5 Oxidation period.
10.4.6 Addition of Alloying elements and tapping.
10.4.7 Duplex operation.
11. NON FERROUS METALS 5 Hours

11.1 Properties & use of non ferrous metals
11.2 Ores of non ferrous metals
11.3 Extraction of non ferrous metals
12. INDUSTRIAL SHAPING OF METALS. 10 Hours

12.1 Hot working processes.
12.1.1 Rolling.
12.1.2 Forging.
12.1.3 Drop forging.
12.1.4 Heading.
12.1.5 Hot pressing.
12.1.6 Extrusion
12.2 Cold working process.
12.2.1 Rolling.
12.2.2 Drawing.
12.2.3 Pressing.
12.2.4 Deep drawing
12.2.5 Coining.
12.2.6 Spanning.
12.3 Production of pipes
12.3.1 List methods of pipe manufacturing
12.3.2 Explain casting & forming methods
13. DIE-CASTING 4 Hours

13.1 Die casting & its uses
13.2 Materials of dies
13.3 Die casting methods
14. POWDER METALLURGY 5 Hours

14.1 Introduction to powder Metallurgy
14.2 Powder manufacturing methods

14.3 Properties of Powder
14.4 Fabricating procedure & Secondary operations
14.5 Powder Metallurgy applications
MT-242 METALLURGY
OBJECTIVES
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Know definition and classification
1.1.1 Define Metallurgy
1.1.2 State relationship of metallurgy with chemistry
1.1.3 State classification of metallurgy
1.2 Know scope of metallurgy
1.2.1 Describe importance of metallurgy in engineering all metals
1.2.2 State importance of metallurgy for a mechanical technician
1.2.3 Describe specific importance w.r.t. steel industry
2. ORES
2.1 Knows fundamentals
2.1.1 Define ore & its types
2.1.2 Describe Quality of good ore
2.1.3 Select proper ore for extraction of metal
2.2 Know Iron ore and their occurrence in nature
2.2.1 List types of iron ore
2.2.3 List the world ore deposits along with its Quality
2.2.4 List the Pakistan ore deposits alongwith its quantity
2.2.5 Describe economic use of Pakistan ore for making of steel
2.2.6 Describe iron ore needs of Pakistan steel Karachi
3. TREATMENT OF IRON ORE

3.1 Understand hand picking
3.1.1 Define hand picking
3.1.2 Explain hand picking
3.2 Understand Magnetic Separation
3.2.1 Define magnetic Separation
3.2.2 Explain magnetic separation
3.3 Understand Gravity separation
3.3.1 Define gravity separation
3.3.2 Explain gravity separation
3.4 Understand roasting and calcination
3.4.1 Define roasting and calcination
3.4.2 Explain roasting and calcination
3.5 Understand froth floatation
3.5.1 Define froth floatation
3.5.2 Explain froth floatation
4. PRODUCTION PROCESSES
4.1 Understand reduction and Oxidation
4.1.1 Define reduction and Oxidation
4.1.2 List different methods
4.1.3 Explain each method
4.2 Understand Acid & Basic process in Metallurgy
4.2.1 Define acid and basic in metallurgy
4.2.1 Describe the effects of acid and basic in metallurgy
4.2.3 Explain how to control the negative effects
5. REFRACTORY MATERIAL
5.1 Understand the basics
5.1.1 Define refractory material
5.1.2 List the types of refractory material
5.1.3 Explain the Quality of a refractory material
5.2 Understand acidic refractory materials
5.2.1 Define acidic refractory material
5.2.2 Explain its use
5.3 Understand basic refractory materials
5.3.1 Define basic refractory materials
5.4 Understand neutral Refractory materials
5.4.1 Define neutral refractory material
6. SMELTING OF IRON
6.1 Understand pre-smelting treatment of ores
6.1.1 Explain concentration
6.1.2 Explain calcination
6.1.3 Explain agglo meration
6.1.4 Explain sintering
6.1.5 Explain pelletizing
6.1.6 Explain Modulizing
6.2 Understand smelling operation in Blast Furnace (BF)
6.2.1 Explain parts of a Blast Furnace
6.2.2 Explain operations of Blast Furnace
6.2.3 Describe sizes of Blast Furnace
6.2.4 Explain chemical reactions in the blast furnace
6.2.5 Explain the Quantity of ore required to be fed
6.2.6 Explain the escape of hot gases through chimney
6.2.7 Explain charging procedure of Blast Furnace
6.2.8 Explain Tapping of iron and slag
6.2.9 Explain different of topers in the Blast Furnace
6.2.10 Explain the refractory lining for Blast Furnace

6.2.11 Explain the use of pre-heating of air for Blast Furnace
6.2.12 Explain the plant for preheating the air-ancillary plant
6.2.13 Explain the refractory bricks used in ancillary plant
6.2.14 Explain flow of hot gases from Blast Furnace to ancillary plant
6.2.15 Explain flow of hot air from ancillary plant to Blast Furnace
7. PIG IRON
7.1 Understand pig iron
7.1.1 Define pig iron
7.1.2 Explain properties of pig iron
7.1.3 Explain uses of pig iron
7.1.4 Describe forms of pig iron obtained from Blast Furnace
8. WROUGHT IRON
8.1 Understand wrought iron
8.1.1 Define wrought iron
8.1.2 Describe properties
8.1.3 Explain uses
8.2 Understand wrought iron production
8.2.1 Describe raw material med for wrought iron
8.2.2 Explain construction of puddling furnace
8.2.3 Explain operation in puddling furnace
8.2.4 Describe the capacity of puddling furnace
8.2.5 Enlist the types of puddling furnaces
9. STEEL
9.1 Know difference between steel and iron
9.1.1 Define steel
9.1.2 Define iron
9.1.3 List difference between steel and iron
9.2 Understand Types of steel
9.2.1 List the types of steel w.r.t. percentage of carbon
9.2.2 Define each type
9.2.3 Describe the properties of each
9.2.4 Explain the uses of each
9.3 Understand alloy steel
9.3.1 Describe alloy steel
9.3.2 List alloying elements
9.3.3 Describe the uses of different alloy steels
9.3.4 Define stainless steel
9.3.5 Explain the properties of stainless steel
10. STEEL MANUFACTURING

10.1 Know basic chemistry.
10.1.1 List the raw material used for steel manufacturing.
10.1.2 Describe the constituents of each raw material.
10.1.3 Describe chemical reaction taking place in steel manufacturing furnace.
10.2 Understand open hearth process.
10.2.1 Describe parts of open Hearth Furnace (O H F)
10.2.2 Describe operation inside O.H.F.
10.2.3 Describe charging/discharging of O.H.F.
10.2.4 Describe fuel supply/heating of O.H.F.
10.2.5 Describe refractory lining of O.H.F.
10.2.6 Appreciate quality of steel obtained through O.H.F.
10.2.7 Estimate the quantity of steel produced by O.H.F. in Pakistan and the
world
10.3 Understand steel converter.
10.3.1 Describe parts of steel converter.
10.3.2 Describe charging of converter.
10.3.3 Describe oxygenation process in convertor
10.3.4 Explain alloying of steel in the converter.
10.3.5 Describe discharging of the convertor.
10.3.6 Describe the converter used in Pakistan Steel L.D. converter.
10.3.7 Explain the difference between L.D. convertor and Bessemer convertor.
10.4 Understand Electric Steel Furnaces
10.4.1 List types of electric furnaces.
10.4.2 List parts of electric furnaces
10.4.3 Explain the working of electric furnaces
10.4.4 Describe the quality of steel obtained through electric furnaces
10.4.5 Describe the capacities of electric furnaces
11. NON FERROUS METALS.

11.1 Know non ferrous metals.
11.1.1 Define a non ferrous metal.
11.1.2 List common non ferrous.
11.2 Understand composition and uses of non ferrous metals.
11.2.1 Describe mechanical properties of Copper, Aluminum & Zinc.
11.2.2 Explain the engg. uses of non ferrous metal.
11.3 Understand Extraction of Non ferrous metals
11.3.1 Name ores of Cu,Al & Zn.
11.3.2 Explain methods of extraction of Cu,Al & Zn.
12. INDUSTRIAL SHAPING OF METALS.

12.1 Know hot working processes.
12.1.1 Define hot working.
12.1.2 Describe hot rolling.
12.1.3 Describe hot forging.

12.1.4 Describe drop forging.
12.1.5 Describe extrusion.
12.1.6 Describe heading.
12.1.7 Describe hot pressing.
12.2 Know cold working processes.
12.2.1 Define cold working.
12.2.2 Describe cold rolling.
12.2.3 Describe cold pressing.
12.2.4 Describe cold drawing.
12.2.5 Describe cold forging.
12.3 Understand production of pipes
12.3.1 List methods of manufacturing of pipes
12.3.2 Explain manufacturing by casting and forming methods
13. DIE CASTING

13.1 Understand Die-casting
13.1.1 State Die-casting
13.1.2 Explain uses of Die-casting
13.1.3 Name the materials of Dies
13.1.4 State Die-casting methods
13.1.5 Explain Die-casting process step by step
14. POWDER METALLURGY

14.1 Understand Powder metallurgy
14.1.1 Describe powder metallurgy and uses
14.1.2 Explain methods of making powders & their properties
14.1.3 Explain fabricating procedures (compacting, sintering)
14.1.4 Explain secondary operations
14.1.5 Differentiate powder metallurgy methods from other production
methods
METALLURGY
MT-242

Syed Shaukat Abbas
Azeem Academy

)‫(الزمي‬
GEN - 311
)‫برائے ڈپلومہ آف ایسوسی ایٹ انجیئرز (سال سوم‬

‫مکینیکل ٹینکنالوجی‬


Mgm-311 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS.

Theory 32 1 0 1
AIMS The study of this subject will enable the student to develop the management skill,
acquaint him with the principles of management and human relations and develop
psychological approach to solve the labour problems.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY. 2 Hours

1.1 History and definition.
1.2 Nature and scope.
2. LEADERSHIP 1 Hour
2.1 Definition and types.
2.3 Qualities of a good leader.
3. MOTIVATION 2 Hours
3.1 Definition.
3.2 Types (Financial and non financial motives).
3.3 Conflict of motives.
4. MORALE 1 Hour
4.1 Importance.
4.2 Development.
4.3 Measurement.
5. HUMAN ENGINEERING. 1 Hour

5.1 Importance of human factor in industry.
5.2 Man-machine system.
5.3 Strategy for making allocation decisions.
6. INDUSTRIAL FATIGUE AND BOREDOM. 2 Hours

6.1 Definition and distinction.
6.2 Psychological causes.
6.3 Objective causes.

6.4 Prevention
7. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS 2 Hours

7.1 Psychological causes.
7.2 Objective causes.
7.3 Prevention
8. INDUSTRIAL PREJUDICE 2 Hours

8.1 Causes
8.2 Remedies
9. PUBLIC RELATIONS. 2 Hours

9.1 Importance
9.2 Functions
10. GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING 2 Hours

10.1 Importance
10.2 Choice of job.
10.3 During service.
11. JOB EVALUATION 2 Hours

11.1 Importance
11.2 Methods
11.3 Job satisfaction
11.4 Work simplification.
12. INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT 2 Hours

12.1 Introduction
12.2 Functions of management.
12.3 Subdivisions of management
12.4 Objectives of industrial management.
13. PERSONNEL SELECTION. 2 Hours

13.1 Recruitment of employees.
13.2 Training.
13.3 Effects of training on production and product cost.
14. WORKING CONDITIONS. 2 Hours

14.1 Importance and consideration.
14.2 Effects on efficiency and per unit cost.
15. TIME AND MOTION STUDY. 3 Hours

15.1 Concept and importance.
15.2 Sequence of motion study.

15.3 Principles of motion study.
15.4 Steps to time study.
15.5 Determination of operations time.
16. QUALITY CONTROL. 2 Hours

16.1 Concept and advantages
16.2 Methods.
17. ROLE OF FOREMAN IN MANAGEMENT. 2 Hours
17.1 Foreman's abilities.
17.2 Duties and functions.
Mgm-311 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RELATIONS.
At the completion of this course, the students will be able to:
1. KNOW INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY.

1.1 Describe brief history if industrial psychology.
1.2 Describe in detail definition of industrial psychology.
1.3 State nature and scope of industrial psychology.
2. KNOW LEADERSHIP.
2.1 Define leadership.
2.2 Describe types of leadership.
2.3 State qualities of a good leader.
3. UNDERSTAND MOTIVATION.
3.1 Define motivation.
3.2 Describe financial and non financial motives.
3.3 Explain conflict of motives.
4. KNOW MORALE.
4.1 State importance of morale.
4.2 Describe development of morale.
4.3 State the method of measurement of morale.
5. UNDERSTAND HUMAN ENGINEERING.

5.1 Explain importance of human engineering in the industry.
5.2 Explain man-machine system.
5.3 Explain strategy for making allocation decisions.
6. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL FATIGUE AND BOREDOM.

6.1 Define fatigue and boredom.
6.2 Describe psychological causes of fatigue and boredom.
6.3 Describe objective causes of fatigue and boredom.
6.4 Explain measures to prevent fatigue and boredom.
7. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS.

7.1 Explain psychological causes of industrial accidents.
7.2 Explain objective causes of industrial accidents.
7.3 Explain measures to prevent industrial accidents.
8. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL PREJUDICE.

8.1 Define prejudice
8.2 Explain causes of industrial prejudice.

8.3 Explain remedies of industrial prejudice.
9. UNDERSTAND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS.

9.1 Explain importance of public relations.
9.2 Explain functions of public relations.
10. UNDERSTAND THE NEED FOR GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING.

10.1 State importance of guidance and counselling.
10.2 Explain the role of guidance and counselling in choosing the job.
10.3 Describe help of guidance and counselling during service.
11. UNDERSTAND JOB EVALUATION.

11.1 Explain importance of job evaluation.
11.2 Explain methods of job evaluation.
11.3 Explain job satisfaction.
11.4 Explain work simplification.
12. UNDERSTAND INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT.

12.1 Define management.
12.2 State functions of management.
12.3 Enlist subdivision of management.
12.4 Explain objectives of industrial management.
13. UNDERSTAND TRAINING AND ITS EFFECTS.

13.1 Describe the recruitment procedure of employees in an industrial concern.
13.2 Explain training.
13.3 Identify the kinds of training.
13.4 Explain the effects of training on production and product cost.
14. UNDERSTAND THE EFFECT OF WORKING CONDITION ON

EFFICIENCY.
15.1 Explain importance of working condition.
15.2 Describe air-conditioning, ventilation, lighting and noise.
15.3 State the effects of good working conditions on efficiency
and per unit cost.
15. UNDERSTAND TIME AND MOTION STUDY.

15.1 Explain the concept.
15.2 Describe the importance of work study.
15.3 Explain the sequence of motion study.
15.4 State the principles of motion study.
15.5 Describe the steps for carrying out time study.
15.6 Explain the method of determination of operations time.
16. UNDERSTAND THE METHODS OF QUALITY CONTROL.

16.1 Define quality control
16.2 State the advantages of quality control.
16.2 Explain methods of quality control.
17. UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF FOREMAN IN AN INDUSTRIAL

UNDERTAKING.
17.1 Explain ability of the foreman.
17.2 Enlist duties of foreman.
17.3 Describe functions of foreman as middle management.
INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
& HUMAN RELATION
MGM-311
Diploma of Associate Engineer (3rd Year)

Rasul Bakhsh Khosa
Azeem Academy

MT-312 HYDRAULICS & HYDRAULIC MACHINES

T P C
1 3 2
TOTAL CONTACT HRS.

THEORY 32
PRACTICAL 96
PRE-REQUISITE: ENGG. PHYSICS & APPLIED MECHANICS
AIMS:At the end of the course the students will be able to understand properties of fluids,
pressure and flow of fluids and also able to apply above to problems of total head of
water, losses of heads, flow through orifices, impact of jets etc. The hydraulic
machine portion of the course will provide the student the knowledge of water
wheels, hydraulic turbines and pumps.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 3 Hours
1.1. Introduction.
1.2 Density of water.
1.3 Specific weight of water.
1.4 Specific gravity of water.
1.5 Viscosity of water
1.6 S.I. units.
1.7 Pressure head ofliquids (P = wH)
1.8 Pressure.
1.8.1 Atmospheric pressure
1.8.2 Gauge
1.8.3 Absolute.
1.9 Measurement of pressure.
1.9.1 Piezometer tube.
1.9.2 Simple manometer.
1.10 Diaphragm pressure gauge.
1.11 Dead weight pressure gauge.
1.12 Calculation of simple problems on above topics by simple application of
formula, while all parameters are provided.
2. HYDROKINEMATICS. 4 Hours
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Rate of discharge.
2.3 Equation of discharge.
2.4 Equation of continuity
2.5 Total energy of liquid particles in motion
2.6 Total head of liquid particles in motion.
2.7 Bernoulli's Equation.
2.8 Types of flow, and their characteristics.
3. FLOW METERS (VENTURIMETER). 4 Hours

3.1 Types of flow meters
3.2 Practical application of Bernoulli's Equation
3.3 Venturimeter,its construction
3.4 Discharge through a venturimeter
3.5 Solution of simple problems of horizontal venturimeter
4. FLOW THROUGH ORIFICES 3 Hours

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Types of orifices.
4.3 Jet of water.
4.4 Vena contracta
4.5 Hydraulic co-efficients.
4.5.1 Cc
4.5.2 Cd
4.5.3 Cv
4.6 Experimental method for determining hydraulic co-efficients.
4.7 Solution of simple problems by direct application of formulae.
5. FLOW THROUGH PIPES

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Loss of head of a liquid flowing in a pipe (major & minor)
5.2.1 Loss of head due to friction
5.2.2 Loss of head due to sudden enlargement
5.2.3 Loss of head due to sudden contraction.
5.2.4 Loss of head at entrance to a pipe.
5.3 Solution of simple problems by direct application of formula, when all
parameters are given except loss of head
6. IMPACT OF JETS. 4 Hours

6.1 Introduction
6.2 Force of Jet Impinging Normally on a fixed Plate.
6.3 Force of jet Impinging on an inclined plate
6.4 Force of jet impinging on a moving plate.

6.5 Force of jet impinging on a series of vanes
6.6. Calculate force of jet in all above cases by simple application of formula,
while all other parameters are directly provided.
7. WATER WHEELS. 3 Hours

7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Types of water wheels.
7.3 Overshot water wheel
7.4 Solution of simple problems of overshot water wheel
7.5 Breast water wheel
7.6 Solution of simple problems of Breast water wheel
7.7 Advantages and disadvantages of water wheels.
8. WATER TURBINES. 4 Hours

8.1 Development of water turbines.
8.2 Advantages of water turbines.
8.3 Classification of water turbines.
8.4 Hydroelectric power plant.
8.4.1 Storage reservoir
8.4.2 Dams and its parts.
8.4.3 Water ways
8.4.4 Water turbines and electric generators
8.5 Pelton wheel
8.5.1 Nozzle
8.5.2 Runner and buckets.
8.5.3 Casing.
8.5.4 Breaking jet mechanism
8.6 Reaction turbine.
8.6.1 Spiral casing.
8.6.2 Guide mechanism
8.6.3 Turbine runner.
8.6.4 Draft tube
9. PUMPS 3 Hours
9.1 Introduction.
9.2 Types of pumps.
9.2.1 Centrifugal.
9.2.2 Reciprocating.
9.3 Construction and working of centrifugal pump
9.4 Construction and working of reciprocating pump
9.5 Comparison of centrifugal and reciprocating pump
9.6 Slip of a pump
9.7 Discharge of a single acting reciprocating pump (Q=LAN/60)
9.8 Solution of simple problems, by using above formula.
10. HYDRAULIC MACHINES 2 Hours

10.1 Types & Classification.
10.2 Hydraulic press.
10.3 Mechanical Advantage.
1. INTRODUCTION TO HYDRAULICS
1.1 Understand basic terms of Hydraulics
1.1.1 Define hydraulics
1.1.2 State difference between liquid & fluid
1.1.3 Enlist properties of fluid
1.1.4 Define unit weight of water, specific weight,viscosity ,pressure.
1.1.5 Describe SI units.
1.1.6 Explain pressure head (P=wh)
1.1.7 Describe types of pressure.
1.1.8 Solve simple problems problems
1.2 Understand Pressure Measurement Techniques.
1.2.1 Explain measurement of pressure by simple manometer.
1.2.2 Explain diaphragm pressure gauge.
1.2.3 Explain dead weight pressure gauge.
1.2.4 Solve simple problems of pressure.
2. HYDROKINEMATICS
2.1 Understand basics of Hydrokinematics.
2.1.1 Describe rate of discharge.(Q=AV)
2.1.2 Explain equation of continuity.
2.1.3 Explain energy/head of a liquid in motion.
2.1.4 Explain total energy of a liquid in motion.
2.1.5 Explain total head of a liquid in motion.
2.1.6 Explain Bernoulli's Theorem.
2.2 Understand Types of flow
2.2.1 Describe the types of flow
2.2.2 Differentiate between each type of flow
3. FLOWMETER
3.1 Describe types of flow meters
3.2 Sketch venturimeter.
3.3 Explain various parts of venturimeter.
3.4 Explain method of for calculating discharge through venturimeter.
3.5 Solve simple problems for calculating discharge through venturimeter.
4. FLOW THROUGH ORIFICES.

4.1 Define Orifice
4.2 Describe types of orifices.
4.3 Describe vena-contracta.
4.4 Explain jet of water through orifice

4.5 Define hydraulic co-efficients.
4.6 Explain procedure for determining Cc,Cv and Cd
4.7 Solve simple problems on hydraulic coefficients.
5. FLOW THROUGH PIPES.

5.1 Identify various loss of heads (major & minor)of a liquid flowing in a pipe &
their formulae
5.2 Explain method of calculating loss of head due to friction
5.3 Explain method of calculating loss of head at entrance to a pipe.
5.4 Explain method of calculating loss of head due to sudden enlargement.
5.5 Explain method of calculating for loss of head due to sudden contraction.
5.6 Solve simple problems for calculation of various head losses by direct
application of formula.
6. IMPACT OF JET.
6.1 Describe jet of water through nozzle
6.2 Explain force of jet impinging normally on a fixed plate.
6.3 Explain force of jet impinging normally on an inclined fixed plate.
6.4 Explain force of jet impinging on a moving plate.
6.5 State formulae for specific objectives 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4
6.6 Solve simple problems based on all above cases by direct formula application
method.
7. WATER WHEEL.
7.1 Know water Wheels.
7.1.1 Describe water wheel.
7.1.2 State applications of water wheels.
7.1.3 Enlist types of water wheels.
7.2 Understand Overhost water Wheel.
7.2.1 Describe overshot water wheel.
7.2.2 Sketch overshot water wheel.
7.2.3 Explain formula for power of overhost wheel.
7.2.4 Solve simple problems on calculation of power of overhost water
wheels.
7.3 Understand Breast Water Wheel.
7.3.1 Describe breast water wheel.
7.3.2 Sketch breast wheel.
7.3.3 Explain power calculation by breast wheel.
7.3.4 Solve simple problems on breast water wheels.
8. WATER TURBINES
8.1 Understand development of water turbines
8.1.1 State Advantages of water wheels
8.1.2 State disadvantages of water wheels
8.1.3 Explain development of water turbines

8.1.4 Describe advantages of water turbines
8.1.5 State classification of water turbine
8.2 Understand Hydroelectric Power plants
8.2.1 Sketch a Hydroelectric power plant
8.2.2 Explain storage reservoirs
8.2.3 Explain Dams with its parts
8.2.4 Explain water ways
8.2.5 Establish relationship between water turbine and electric generators
8.3 Understand Impulse turbine
8.3.1 Explain the working of Pelton Wheel.
8.3.2 Sketch pelton wheel
8.3.2 State its various parts
8.3.3 Explain Nozzle
8.3.4 Describe plain runner/buckets
8.3.5 Describe casing
8.3.6 Describe breaking jet mechanism
8.4 Understand Reaction turbine
8.4.1 State the working principle of a reaction turbine
8.4.2 Describe main components of a reaction turbine
8.4.3 Enlist types of Reaction Turbine
8.4.4 Describe working of each type of Reaction Turbine
8.4.7 Differentiate between impulse & reaction
turbine
9. PUMPS.
9. Understand pumps.
9.1 State function of a pump.
9.2 Describe its classification.
9.3 Explain construction of centrifugal pumps.
9.4 Explain working of centrifugal pumps.
9.5 Explain construction of reciprocating pumps.
9.6 Explain working of reciprocating pumps.
9.7 Explain slip of pumps.
9.8 Explain difference between reciprocating & centrifugal pump
9.9 State formula for calculating discharge of single acting reciprocating
pumps (Q=LAN/60).
9.10 Solve simple problems using above formula.
10. HYDRAULIC MACHINES

10. Understand hydraulic machines
10.1 Describe various hydraulic machines
10.2 Explain construction of hydraulic press
10.3 Describe uses of hydraulic press
10.4 Explain Mechanical advantage of hydraulic press
10.5 Solve problems on mechanical advantage
LIST OF PRACTICALS
1. Solve problems on pressure,intensity of pressure

2. Practice for calculation of discharge/flow through venturimeter
3. Solve problems on hydraulic press, power required to derive it, pressure head and
pressure conversions.
4. Practice for calculation of co-efficient of velocity,co-efficient of contraction & co-
efficient of discharge through orifice apparatus.
5. Solve problems on calculations of discharge, diameters and velocities
6. Solve problems on pumping power against pressure
7. Solve problems on conversion of velocity and velocity head.
8. Application of Bernoulli's equation and venturimeter. (problems solving )
9. Practice for the calculation of loss of head due to friction by using friction in losses in
pipe apparatus.
10. Solve problems on head and calculation of Cd,Cv & Cc.
11. Practice for calculation of loss of head due to sudden enlargement,contraction and
entrance to a pipe using friction along a pipe apparatus.
14. Calculation of force of jet impinging on a fixed plate using impact of jet apparatus.
15 Solve problems on H.P of jet and impact of jet
17. Sketching and study of Pelton Turbine.
19. Sketching and study of francis turbine.
20. Sketching and study of centrifugal pump.
21. Sketching and study of reciprocating pump.
HYDRAULICS
& HYDRAULIC
MACHINES
MT-312

Obaidullah Qureshi
Azeem Academy

MT-323 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS & ENERGY CONSERVATION

T P C
2 3 3
Total contact hrs.
Theory 64
Practicals 96
Pre-requisite: Applied Physics
AIMS The students the Knowledge about temperature, heat, pressure, work, energy and
power. The student will be able to understand laws of gases, Pv diagrams of cycles,
classification and working of internal combustion engines & steam engines, apply
laws to cycles of operation of IC-Engines. The energy conservation portion of the
course will provide the student the knowledge of energy conservation products and
various energy management systems.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION: 4 Hours
1.1 Definition of Thermodynamics
1.2 Units
1.2.1 Fundamental units
1.2.2 Derived units
1.3 Temperature, absolute temperature and temperature scales
1.4 Heat
1.5 Work
1.6 Power
1.7 Energy, internal energy of gas, potential energy, kinetic energy
1.8 Pressure, absolute, gauge, vacuum
1.9 Laws of Thermodynamics, first law, second law.
1.10 Law of conservation of energy
2. LAWS OF GASES 6 Hours

2.1 Perfect gases
2.2 P.V Diagram
2.3 Boyles's law
2.4 Charles law
2.5 General gas equation
2.6 Characteristic Equation of a gas

2.7 Specific heat of a gas
2.8 Solution of simple problems by direct application of formula and providing all
missing parameters.
3. THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES 6 Hours

3.1 Type of thermodynamics Processes.
3.2 Working of an ideal engine
3.3 Important terms for cycles
3.4 Efficiency of a cycle
3.5 Types of Thermodynamics Processes
3.6 Otto cycle
3.6.1 Pv-diagram
3.6.2 Efficiency of otto cycle
3.6.3 Calculation of efficiency, while cylinder dia length of stroke and
clearance volume are given.
3.7 Diesel cycle
3.7.1 P-V Diagram
3.7.2 Efficiency of Diesel cycle
3.7.3 Calculation of efficiency by providing all missing parameters.
4. BOILERS 10 Hours
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Classification of boilers
4.3 Working of verticle boiler
4.4 Construction and working of Scotch marine boiler
4.5 Construction and working of Lancashire boiler.
4.6 Construction and working of babcock wilcox boiler.
4.7 List boiler mountings.
4.8 Calculate boiler efficiency
5. STEAM ENGINES. 6 Hours

5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Important parts of a steam engine.
5.3 Working of a single cylinder double acting horizontal reciprocating steam
engine.
5.4 Indicator diagram.
5.5 Power developed by simple steam engine.
5.6 Calculation of IHP, while Pa, L, A and N are given.
6. STEAM TURBINES. 6 Hours

6.1 Impulse turbine.
6.1.1 Introduction.
6.1.2 De-Lavel impulse turbine

6.1.3 Classification
6.1.4 Advantages over reciprocating steam engine.
6.1.4 De-Lavel impulse turbine.
6.2 Reaction Turbine
6.2.1 Introduction.
6.2.2 Parson's reaction turbine.
6.2.3 Comparison between impulse and reaction turbine.
7. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. 8 Hours

7.1 Classification.
7.2 Main components of IC-Engine.
7.3 Petrol engine.
7.3.1 PV diagram.
7.3.2 2-stroke petrol engine.
7.3.3 4-stroke petrol engine.
7.3.4 Advantages and disadvantages.
7.3.5 Calculation of IHP, while Pm, L, D and N is given.
7.4 Diesel Engine
7.4.1 Pv diagram
7.4.2 2-Stroke Diesel Engine.
7.4.3 4-stroke diesel engine.
7.4.4 Advantages and disadvantages.
7.4.5 Calculation of IHP.
8. RECIPROCATING AIR COMPRESSORS. 5 Hours

8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Classification.
8.3 Single acting reciprocating compressors.
8.4 Work done by single stage reciprocating air-compressor.
8.4.1 Work done during Isothermal compression.
8.4.2 Work done during polytropic compression.
8.4.3 Calculation of work done by the compressor (Isothermal &
Polytropic), when initial volume, initial pressure and final pressure are
given
9. REFRIGERATION. 5 Hours
9.1 Introduction.
9.2 Names common refrigerants.
9.3 Properties of refrigerants.
9.4 Vapour compression refrigeration.
9.5 Vapour absorption refrigeration.
10. ENERGY CONSERVATION 8 Hours

10.1 Energy, matter, states of matter

10.2 Source, classification & Conservation of Energy
10.3 Various checklist for different systems
10.4 Energy Management
10.5 Energy Management through preventive maintenance & Equipment
scheduling
10.6 Energy Management Programme
10.7 Products of Energy Management
1. KNOW BASICS OF THERMODYNAMICS

1.1 Define Thermodynamics
1.2 Describe Fundamental units of SI
1.3 Describe Derived units of SI
1.4 Define Temperature, heat, work, power, energy and pressure
1.5 Describe laws of Thermodynamics
2. UNDERSTAND GAS LAWS AND GENERAL GAS EQUATION

2.1 Describe Boyles law
2.2 Describe charles laws
2.3 Explain general gas equation
2.4 Explain characteristic gas equation (Derive PV=mRT)
2.5 Explain specific heat of a gas
2.6 Solve simple problems based on above topics
3. THERMODYNAMICS CYCLES
3.1 Understand different thermodynamic air cycles
3.1.1 Explain Thermodynamic processes, and assumptions in
Thermodynamic cycles
3.1.2 Explain important terms for cycles
3.1.3 Explain working of an ideal cycle
3.1.4 Describe formula for efficiency of cycle
3.1.5 Describe types of Thermodynamic cycles
3.2 Understand Otto Cycle
3.2.1 Sketch PV diagram
3.2.2 Explain Otto cycle with the help of PV diagram
3.2.3 Derive formula for Air Standard efficiency of Otto cycle.
3.2.4 Solve simple problems based on efficiency of Otto cycle.
3.3 Understand Diesel cycle
3.3.1 Sketch PV diagram.
3.3.2 Explain diesel cycle with the help of PV diagram.
3.3.3 Derive formula for Air Standard efficiency.
3.3.4 Solve simple problems of Air Standard efficiency of diesel cycle.
4. BOILERS
4.1 Understand Steam
4.1.1 Describe classification of steam
4.1.2 Explain dryness fraction
4.1.3 Solve problems on total heat of steam
4.2 Understand Boilers types, their construction, working and efficiency.

4.2.1 State use of boiler.
4.2.2 Describe classification of steam boilers.
4.2.3 Explain construction and working of vertical boiler.
4.2.4 Explain construction and working multi-tubular boiler(Cochran)
4.2.5 Sketch marine boiler.
4.2.6 Describe construction and working marine boiler.
4.2.7 Sketch Lancashire boiler.
4.2.8 Describe consruction and working of Lancashire boiler
4.2.9 Sketch bab-cock wilcox boiler.
4.2.10 Describe construction of Bab cock & wilcox boiler.
4.2.11 Enlist boiler mountings & accessories.
4.2.12 Describe formula of boiler efficiency.
4.2.13 Solve simple problems on boiler efficiency.
5. STEAM ENGINES.
5. Understand Steam Engines.
5.1 Describe steam engine.
5.2 Describe important parts of steam engine.
5.3 Explain working of single cylinder double acting horizontal
reciprocating steam engine.
5.4 Explain theoretical indicator diagram of steam engine.
5.5. Explain IHP developed by a steam engine.
5.6 Calculate IHP while P, L, A and N are known.
6. TURBINES
6.1 Understand steam turbine.
6.1.1 State classification of steam turbines
6.1.2 Describe impulse turbines.
6.1.3 Explain De-Lavel impulse turbine.
6.1.4 Describe advantages of steam turbine over steam reciprocating
engines.
6.2 Understand Reaction Turbine.
6.2.1 Describe Reaction Turbines.
6.2.2 Explain parson's reaction turbine.
6.2.3 State differences between impulse and reaction turbines.
6.3 Understand gas turbines
6.3.1 Describe gas turbine
6.3.2 State classification of gas turbine
6.3.3 Explain cycle of gas turbine
6.3.4 Describe uses of gas turbine
7. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

7.1 Understand IC Engine.
7.1.1 Describe main components of IC engines.

7.1.2 Describe sequence of operations in a cycle.
7.1.3 Explain two stroke and four stroke cycle engines.
7.1.4 Differentiate between 2-stroke & 4-stroke engine
7.2 Understand Petrol Engine.
7.2.1 Sketch PV diagram. (actual)
7.2.2 Explain working of 2 stroke engine.
7.2.3 Explain working of 4 stroke engine.
7.2.4 Explain formula for IHP of IC engine.
7.2.5 Solve simple problems based on above formula.
7.3 Understand Diesel Engine.
7.3.1 Sketch PV diagram (actual).
7.3.2 Explain working of 4 stroke diesel engine.
7.3.3 Solve some more problems on calculation of IHP of IC engines.
7.3.4 Describe difference between Petrol and Diesel engines.
8. UNDERSTAND AIR COMPRESSORS.

8.1 Describe use of air compressors.
8.2 Describe classification of air compressors.
8.3 Explain work done for a single stage reciprocating air compressor (Isothermal
+ polytropic).
8.4 Solve simple problems on work done.
9. UNDERSTAND REFRIGERATION CYCLES.

9.1 Describe refrigeration.
9.2 Enlist commonly used refrigerants
9.3 Describe properties of a refrigerant.
9.4 Explain vapour compression cycle.
9.5 Explain vapour absorption cycle.
10. ENERGY CONSERVATION

10.1 Know Energy Basics
10.1.1 Describe matter, states of matter, composition of matter
10.1.2 Describe Molecular motion, kinetic Theory
10.1.3 Describe Heat Energy, Heat transmission
10.1.4 Describe Energy and its importance
10.1.5 Describe Source of energy
10.1.6 Describe classification of Energy
10.1.7 Describe conservation of Energy
10.2 Understand various Energy Conservation checklist
10.2.1 Explain Energy conservation checklist for Heating systems
10.2.2 Explain Energy conservation checklist for Air conditioning systems
10.2.3 Explain Energy conservation checklist for Lighting system
10.2.4 Explain Energy conservation checklist for Water systems
10.2.5 Explain Energy conservation checklist for solar systems

10.3 Understand Energy Management Systems
10.3.1 Define Basic Terminology of Energy Management
10.3.2 Describe Energy Management
10.3.3 Describe Economic Aspect of Energy Management
10.3.4 Explain Energy Management Team work and Energy Audit
10.3.5 Explain Energy saving Through preventive Maintenance
10.3.6 Explain Energy saving Through Equipment Scheduling
10.3.7 Explain Energy Management Programme
10.4 Know Products for Energy Conservation
10.4.1 Enlist products for Energy conservation
10.4.2 Describe cogeneration systems
10.4.3 Describe water-pressure-Reduction valves
10.4.4 Describe computerized Energy Management systems.
1. Sketch & study of Pressure gauge

2. Sketch & study of water level indicator
3. Sketch & study of feed pump
4. Sketch & study of injector
5. Sketch & study of safety valve
(a) Spring loaded
(b) Dead weight
6. Sketch & study of simple verticle boiler and its mountings
7. Sketch & study of multitubular verticle boiler and its mountings.
8. Sketch and study of Scotch marine boiler and its mountings.
9 Sketch & study of Lancashire Boiler and its mountings.
10. Sketch & study of Locomotive Boiler and its mountings
11. Sketch & study of Steam engine & its parts.
12. Sketch & study of Internal combustion engine & its parts.
(a) Petrol engine
(b) Diesel engine
13. Sketch & study of Babcock & Wilcox Boiler
14. Sketch and study of reciprocating air compress
APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS
& ENERGY CONVERSATION
MGM-323

Irshad Ahmed Khan

Ansar Nabi
Azeem Academy
MT-332 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

(INDUSTRIAL PLANNING & PRODUCTION METHOD)
T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hrs.
Theory 32
Practical 96
AIMS At the end of this course the students will be able to :-

i. Understand the fundamentals of planning of the industrial concern.
ii. Understand and appreciate the methods generally employed in various
categories of manufacturing operations for economic production.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INDUSTRIAL PLANNING 2 Hours

1.1 Need of industrial planning
1.2 Financial planning, product planning, process planning
2. SITE SELECTION OF INDUSTRY 2 Hours

2.1 Elements of site selection (labour availability, transportation, electricity,
availability of raw materials, consumption products
3. PLANT LAY-OUT 2 Hours

3.1 Nature
3.2 Purpose
3.3 Types of plant lay-out and elements.
4. FACTORS INFLUENCING PLANT LAY-OUT 4 Hours

4.1 Raw materials, machinery, tools and equipments
4.2 Man power
4.3 Movement
4.4 Service
4.5 Building, plant modification, zoning
4.6 Process requirements
4.7 Safety
a) Man
b) Material/machines
5. PLANNING FOR MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES 2 Hours

5.1 Maintenance plan

5.2 Forms for schedule of activities
6. CLASSIFICATION OF MECHANICAL PRODUCTS 2 Hours

6.1 Classification and types of Mechanical products
7. COST 3 Hours
7.1 Item Cost
7.2 Total Cast
7.3 Cost comparison
8. PRODUCTION METHOD 2 Hours

8.1 Production
8.2 Types of production
9. JOB ANALYSIS 3 Hours

9.1 Motion study
9.2 Time study
10. TOTAL LABOUR TIME 3 Hours

10.1 Labour
10.2 Calculation of total labour time
10.3 Flow process chart
10.4 Waste time study
11. PRODUCTION CONTROL 3 Hours

11.1 Routing
11.2 Scheduling
11.3 Despatching
12. PRODUCTION TOOL 2 Hours

12.1 Jig
12.2 Fixture
13. STORE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 2 Hours

13.1 Receipt of stores
a) Raw material
b) Finished material
13.2 issue of stores
13.3 Indents, store cards
1. KNOW THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INDUSTRIAL PLANNING

1.1 Define planning
1.2 Describe need of planning in industries
1.3 Describe financial planning steps and aspects in a general way
1.4 Describe product planning and product comparison
1.5 Describe process planning and selection of plan and equipments
2. KNOW THE SALIENT FEATURES OF THE SELECTION OF SITE TO A

FACTORY
2.1 Define site
2.2 Describe elements for selection of site for specific production emphasis on
elements like (location of site, labour availability - electricity -transportation -
rebate in taxes availability of raw material consumption of product etc.)
3. UNDERSTAND THE PURPOSE OF PLANT LAYOUT

3.1 Describe the need and importance of plant layout
3.2 Describe the types of layout
3.3 Explain Elements of layout
3.4 Explain influence of nature of product as layout
4. FACTORS INVOLVING IN PLANT LAYOUT

4.1 Know the factors involving in plant layout
4.1.1 Describe Movement and supply of raw material to workshop
4.1.2 Describe space requirement for machinery, tools and equipments
4.1.3 Describe Process requirements
4.1.5 State Zoning - building - change required for future expansion
4.1.6 State Safety requirements for
a) Man
b) Men
4.2 Know the planning for layout
4.2.1 State method of gathering the facts about industry.
4.2.2 Describe the flow chart of process
4.2.3 Compare alternate layouts and recognize correct layout
5. PLANNING FOR MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES

5.1 Know the planning for maintenance activities
5.1.1 Observe schedule for maintenance on daily, weekly, monthly,
quarterly and yearly bases
5.2 Know the maintenance plan
5.2.1 Describe plan for emergency maintenance
6. UNDERSTAND THE CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF MECHANICAL

PRODUCT
6.1 Define mechanical products
6.2 Explain role of mechanical products in planning
7. ROLE OF COST OF PRODUCT ON PLANNING

7.1 Understand total cost
7.1.1 Define total cost
7.1.2 Explain role of total cost on planning
7.2 Know item cost
7.2.1 Define item cost
7.2.2 Outline role of item cost on planning prime cost overhead cost or
finish cost
7.3 Know the cost comparison
7.3.1 Define cost comparison with respect to planning
7.3.2 Outline the cost control with respect of proper planning
8. UNDERSTAND PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTION METHOD

8.1 Define production
8.2 Explain types of production like mass production, batch production and
special order production
9. UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT STUDIES INVOLVING JOB ANALYSIS

9.1 Define motion study
9.2 Describe the history of Gilberth.
9.3 Instrument used in motion study like - stop watch - motion picture camera -
use of bulb - chrono - cycle graph.
9.4 Explain different symbols of micro-motion A.S.M.E. symbols and Therbliges.
9.5 Describe time study.
9.6 State history of Taylor movement.
9.7 Describe the use of time study
9.8 Describe time study equipment
9.9 State the points for time study
9.10 Explain time study with observation board.
10. UNDERSTAND THE TOTAL LABOUR

10.1 List the time calculated towards total time
10.2 Define operation, transportation inspection and maintenance time.
10.3 Estimate standard time for a job
10.4 Explain flow process chart.
10.5 Explain waste time study.
11. UNDERSTAND PRODUCTION CONTROL.

11.1 Decribe routing, scheduling and despatching.
11.2 Explain method of receipt and issue of material.

11.3 Describe of standard forms used in stores.
12. KNOW PRODUCTION TOOL.

12.1 Define jig
12.2 Describe and explain fixture
12.3 Differentiate between jig & fixture
12.4 State uses of jig & fixture in production industry
13 KNOW STORE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

13.1 Describe Issue receipt of raw product
13.2 Describe Issue receipt of finished products
13.3 Describe indent and indenting
13.4 Describe store costs
LIST OF PRACTICAL 96 Hours

1. Sketch layout of shops of Technology
2. Planning of shop layout
3. Draw and discuss administrative chart
4. Study of Institutes stores
5. Visit of cement factory/sugar mill/Ghee/Fertilizer Factory.
6. Preparation of process chart/flow chart
7. Preparation the chart of symbols:
a. ASME (American society of mechanical engineering)
b. Therebligs
8. Preparation of activity chart
9. Problems on time study
10. Preparation of process charts
11. Preparation of man land machine charts
12. Preparation of operation chart
13. Visit to production factory, paper and board mills, cycle, fan, pump, sewing machine
factory, etc.
14. Writing report critically analyzing the production process of the factory visited
15. Preparations of a chart for calculating the actual time spent on the job.
16. Preparation of an observation chart
17. Preparation of a job analysis sheet
INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING
MT-332

Muhammad Arsalan
Azeem Academy
MT-343 MACHINE DESIGN

T P C
2 3 3
Total contact hrs.
Theory 64
Practicals 96
Pre-requisite: Applied Mechanics
AIMS At the end of the course the student will:

1. Acquire practice in analyzing stresses set-up in Machine parts.
2. Practice design of welded joints, pressure vessels, shafts, helical springs and
spur gears.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. SIMPLE STRESSES IN MACHINE PARTS. 8 Hours

1.1 Load and its types.
1.2 Stress and strain.
1.3 Tensile stress and strain.
1.4 Compressive stress and strain.
1.5 Modulus of elasticity.
1.6 Shear stress and strain.
1.7 Modulus of rigidity.
1.8 Stress-strain diagram.
1.8.1 Proportional limit.
1.8.2 Elastic Limit.
1.8.3 Yield Point.
1.8.4 Ultimate stress.
1.8.5 Breaking stress.
1.8.6 Percentage reduction in area.
1.9 Working stress.
1.10 Factor of safety
1.11 Solution of simple problems of the above topics by direct application of
formula.
2. PRESSURE VESSELS. 6 Hours

2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Classification of pressure vessels.
2.2.1 According to dimensions.
2.2.2 According to End-construction.

2.3 Stresses in a thin cylindrical shell due to internal pressure.
2.3.1 Hoop stress.
2.3.2 Longitudinal stress.
2.4 Calculation of thickness of cylinder by direct application of formula, while all
parameters are provided (eg. p, d, hoop or longitudinal stress are given).
2.5 Calculation of hoop or longitudinal stress by direct application of formula,
while p, d, t are given.
2.6 Thin spherical shells subjected to internal pressure.
2.7 Calculation of thickness of spherical shell when all other parameters are
provided, by direct application of formula
2.8 Thick cylindrical shell subjected to internal pressure.
2.9 Calculation of thickness from above formula, while all other para meters are
given.
3. WELDED JOINTS. 8 Hours

3.1 Advantages and disadvantages.
3.2 List types of various welding joints.
3.3 Strength of transverse fillet welded joint.
3.4 Strength of parallel fillet welded joint.
3.5 Calculation of length of weld, when load, plate thickness, plate width, shear
stress are given.
4. SCREWED JOINTS. 8 Hours

4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Advantages and disadvantages
4.3 Definitions.
4.3.1 Major diameter.
4.3.2 Minor diameter.
4.3.3 Pitch diameter
4.3.4 Pitch
4.3.5 Lead.
4.4 Stress in screwed fastening due to static loading.
4.5 Initial stress due to screwing up forces.
4.6 Solution of simple problem by direct formula application.
5. KEYS & COTTERS 8 Hours

5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Types of keys & cotters.
5.3 Sunk keys.
5.3.1 Rectangular
5.3.2 Square.
5.3.3 Parallel
5.3.4 Gib-head
5.3.5 Feather
5.3.6 Wood-ruff.
5.4 Forces acting on a sunk key
5.5 Strength of a sunk key.
5.6 Calculate length of sunk key by direct application of formula, while all
parameters are directly provided.
5.7 Calculate the dia of cotter pin
6. SHAFTS & COUPLINGS. 12 Hours

6.1 Introduction
6.2 Material Used For Shaft
6.3 Types of Shafts
6.4 Standard sizes.
6.5 Stress in shafts.
6.6 Shafts subjected to twisting moment.
6.6.1 Solid shaft.
6.6.2 Hallow shaft.
6.7 Calculate diameter of solid and hollow shafts by direct application of formula.
6.8 Shafts subjected to bending moment
6.8.1 Solid shaft.
6.8.2 Hollow shaft.
6.9 Calculate diameter of solid and hollow shaft (bending only) by direct
application of formula.
6.10 Calculation of dia of shaft subjected to bending & twisting
6.11 Introduction of coupling
6.12 Types of couplings
6.13 Calculations of proportional sizes of Flange Coupling
7. SPRINGS. 8 Hours
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Types of springs.
7.2.1 Helical spring.
7.2.2 Conical and volute spring.
7.2.3 Torsion spring
7.2.4 Leaf spring.
7.4 Material for helical springs.
7.4.1 Solid length.
7.4.2 Free length.
7.4.3 Spring index
7.4.5 Pitch.
7.5 Stress in helical springs of circular wire, torsion spring, spiral spring.
7.6 Solution of simple problem on helical springs of circular wire by direct
application of formula with or without compression & also problems on
torsion springs & spiral spring.
8. SPUR GEAR. 6 Hours

8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Friction wheels
8.3 Classification of gears.
8.4 Terminology of gears.
8.4.1 Pitch circle.
8.4.2 Pitch circle diameter.
8.4.3 Pitch point.
8.4.4 Addendum circle.
8.4.5 Dedendum circle.
8.4.6 Circular pitch.
8.4.7 Diameteral pitch.
8.4.8 Module.
8.4.9 Clearance.
8.4.10 Tooth thickness.
8.4.11 Tooth space.
8.5 System of gear teeth.
8.6 Gear material.
1. SIMPLE STRESSES IN MACHINE PARTS.

1.1 Review common terms of mechanics
1.1.1 Define load
1.1.2 Describe types of load
1.1.3 Define stress and strain
1.1.4 Define tensile stress and strain
1.1.5 Define compressive stress and strain
1.1.6 Describe modulus of elasticity
1.1.7. Describe modulus of rigidity.
1.1.8 State & apply relationship between modilli & poison's ratio
1.2 Interpret stress - strain diagram
1.2.1 Sketch stress strain diagram
1.2.2 Identify proportional limit elastic limit yield point ultimate stress
breaking stress
1.2.3 Describe percentage reduction in area.
1.3 Apply hook's law equation to evaluate the missing parameter.
1.3.1 Define working stress
1.3.2 Define factor of safety
1.3.3 Describe difference in working, safe, design, permissible and
allowable stresses
1.3.4 Compute modulus of elasticity using Hook's Law
1.3.5 Solve simple problems on Stress, strain, Posion's Ratio & modulli
2. INTRODUCTION TO PRESSURE VESSELS

2.1 Know basic concepts of pressure vessels.
2.1.1 Define pressure vessel
2.1.2 Describe types of pressure vessels
2.1.3 Describe pressure vessel according to end-construction
2.1.4 Describe pressure vessel according to dimensions.
2.1.5 Describe the use of pressure vessels
2.1.6 Define hoop stress
2.1.7 Define longitudinal stress
2.1.8 Describe formula of longitudinal stress
2.2 Solve problems on hoop stress in designing thin cylinders
2.2.1 State all parameters used in hoop stress formula (p, d,t, n, ft.)
2.2.2 State hoop stress formula (ft, = pd/2tn)
2.2.3 Compute thickness of thin cylinder, while p,d, ft, and n are given.
2.2.4 Compute hoop stress, when p, d, t, n are know
2.2.5 Compute diameter of thin cylinder when p, t, ft, n are provided.
2.3 Solve problem on longitudinal stress in designing thin cylinders.
2.3.1 State all parameters use in longitudinal stress formula (p,d, t, n, ft )

2.3.2 Describe hoop and longitudinal stress formula
2.3.3 Compute longitudinal stress, when p,d, t and n are given
2.3.4 Compute thickness of thin cylinder when p, d, ft, and n are provided.
2.3.5 Describe the importance of hoop stress in designing thin cylinders.
2.4 Understand spherical shell
2.4.1 Describe spherical shell formula
2.4.2 Explain terminology of the formula
2.4.3 Compute thickness of spherical shell
2.5 Solve problems of thick cylinder.
2.5.1 Describe formula
2.5.2 Explain terms used in the formula
2.5.3 Compute any one missing parameter of the formula when all others are
provided.
3. WELDED JOINTS.
3.1 Understand welded joints.
3.1.1 State advantages & disadvantages of welded joints.
3.1.2 Describe welding processes
3.1.3 Explain types of welded joints
3.2 Apply formula for calculation of length of weld for parallel and
transverse fillet welded joint
3.2.1 Describe formula used for transverse fillet welded joints.
3.2.3 Compute length of weld from above formula
3.2.4 Describe formula for parallel fillet welded joint.
3.2.5 Explain terms used in formula
3.2.6 Compute length of weld from above formula
4. SCREWED JOINTS
4.1 Understand screwed joints.
4.1.1 Describe advantages of screwed joints
4.1.2 Describe disadvantages of screwed joints.
4.1.3 Define various terms used in screw joints.
4.1.4 State difference between major and minor diameters.
4.1.5 Name stresses set-up due to screwed joints.
4.1.6 Explain initial stresses due to screwing up forces.
4.1.7 Calculate stress set-up due to inial tightening
4.2 Solve problems on stresses in the bolts due to external forces.
4.2.1 Describe tensile stress effect
4.2.2 Explain formula
4.2.3 Describe shear stress effect
4.2.4 Explain formula
4.2.5 Solve simple problems based on above two types of formula
5. KEYS & COTTERS

5.1 Understand keys, Cotters and their types.
5.1.1 Define key & cotter
5.1.2 Explain types of keys commonly used
5.1.3 Sketch various types of sunk keys
5.1.4 Explain the forces acting on a sunk key.
5.1.5 Explain cotter pins & their uses
5.2 Solve problems on determining length of sunk keys.
5.2.1 Explain formula for calculation of length of a sunk key
5.2.2 Describe various terms used in formula.
5.2.3 Compute length of sunk key when all other parameters are provided.
6. SHAFTS & COUPLINGS

6.1 Understand shafts and their types.
6.1.1. Define shaft
6.1.2 Describe material used for shaft
6.1.3 Describe standard sizes of shafts
6.1.4 Explain types of shafts.
6.2 Solve problems on design of solid shaft subjected to bending moments
and twisting moments
6.2.1 State formula for design of solid shaft subjected to twisting moment
6.2.3 Solve simple problems based on above formula
6.2.4 State formula for design of solid shaft subjected bending moment.
6.2.6 Solve simple Problems
6.3 Solve problems on design of hollow shafts subjected to bending moments
and twisting moments
6.3.1 State formula for hollow-shafts subjected to twisting moment
6.3.2 Explain terminology of above formula
6.3.3 Solve simple problems based on above formula
6.3.4 Describe formula for hollow shafts subjected to bending moment
6.3.5 Explain terminology of formula
6.3.6 Solve simple problems based on formula of hollow shafts subjected to
bending moment only.
6.3.7 Solve problems to calculate dia of shafts subjected to twisting &
bending (both)
6.4 Understand coupling & their types
6.4.1 Describe coupling
6.4.2 Classify couplings
6.4.3 Solve problems on calculation of size & no. of bolts in flange coupling
6.4.4 Solve problems on proportional sizes of flange coupling
7. UNDERSTAND SPRINGS
7.1 Describe function of springs in machine elements
7.2 Describe types of springs.
7.3 State material used for springs.
7.4 Explain terminology used for springs.
7.5 Explain stresses induced in helical springs of circular wire, torsion spring,
spiral springs.
7.6 Solve simple problems on Helical spring, torsion spring, spiral spring.
8. UNDERSTAND PROBLEMS ON GEARS

8.1 Describe friction wheels.
8.2 State classification of gears.
8.3 Explain terminology of gears commonly used in gear design.
8.4 Explain systems of gear teeth
8.5 Describe different types of materials for a variety of gear types
8.6 Solve simple problems to calculate diametral pitch, circular pitch, no. of teeth,
module etc.
LIST OF PRACTICALS 96 hours
1. Solve problems on calculation of stress, strain, modulus of elasticity, % elongation, %

reduction, FOS, ultimate stress, bearing stress.
2. Design of simple compression members
3. Design of simple tension members
4. Calculate force required to punch a hole.
5. Solve problems for calculation of thickness of Thin cylinders.
6. Solve problems in calculating thickness for Thick cylinders.
7. Solve problems for calculating thickness of Spherical shell.
8. Calculate length of weld for welded joint.
9. Solve problems on stress setup due to initial tightening of screws by direct application
of formula.
10. Sketch various types of sunk keys & cotters.
11. Calculate length of a sunk key by direct application of formula.
12. Calculate diameter of solid shafts subjected to twisting moment.
13. Calculate diameter of hollow shafts subjected to twisting moment.
14. Calculate diameter of solid shaft subjected to bending moment & calculate dia of
shaft subjected to both bending & twisting.
15. Calculate diameter of hollow shafts subjected to bending moment only.
16. Calculate Helical spring wire-diameter by direct formula application in different
situations & also simple calculations on helical,torsion & spiral spring.
17. Solve problems on calculation of size and number of bolts in flange coupling.
18. Sketch spur gear indicating various terms on sketch of spur gears.
MACHINE
DESISN
MT-332

Syed Shaukat Abbas
Azeem Academy
MT-353 TOOLS DESIGN AND MAKING

T P C
2 3 3
Total contact hrs.
Theory 64
Practicals 96
Pre-requisite Drawing & CAD I, Engg. Drawing & CAD II
AIMS At the end of the course, student should be able to:

1. Know the importance of tool design and tool making
2. Principles of designing jigs and Fixtures with their types.
3. Design dies and punches, cutting tools.
4. Understand manufacturing operation like blanking Piercing, Bending,
Drawing and Forming.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. JIGS AND FIXTURES DESIGN. 4 Hours

1.1 Classification of jigs & fixtures.
1.2 Details of jigs & fixtures.
1.3 Material of jigs & fixtures.
1.4 Design Procedure.
1.5 Jig support locking pin, jig feet, Nuts, spring, washers.
1.6 Clamping and locating devices, stoppers.
2. TOLERANCE AND ALLOWANCE. 6 Hours

2.1 Fits and its classification.
2.2 Tolerance.
2.3 Allowances.
3. PRESS AND PRESS - WORK. 8 Hours

3.1 Introduction to terminology.
3.2 Mechanical press.
3.2.1 O.B Press.
3.2.2 Screw Press.
3.3 Hydraulic Press.
3.4 Multi Operation Press.
4. MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS. 10 Hours

4.1 Blanking.
4.2 Piercing.
4.3 Bending.
4.4 Drawing.
4.5 Forming/embossing.
5. CUTTING TOOL DESIGNS. 6 Hours

5.1 Classification of cutting tool.
5.2 Single and multi edge cutting tool.
5.3 Carbide tipped cutting tool.
6. PUNCHES AND DIE-DESIGN. 10 Hours

6.1 Classification of punches.
6.2 Types of punches.
6.3 Types of Dies.
6.4 Punch and die design procedure.
7. STEEL USED IN TOOL MAKING 10 Hours

7.1 SAE & AISI standards
7.2 Chemical composition
7.3 Heat treatment of tool-steel
8. CAMS & FOLLOWERS 10 Hours

8.1 Cams & its types
8.2 Followers & its types
8.3 Cam profile design
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES (MT-353)
1. JIGS AND FIXTURE DESIGN

1.1 Understand Jigs and Fixture Design
1.1.1 Define jigs and fixture
1.1.2 Distinguish between jigs and fixtures
1.1.3 Explain jigs
1.1.4 Explain fixtures
1.2 Understand different parts of jigs & Fixtures
1.2.1 Describe parts of jigs
1.2.3 Describe parts of fixtures
1.3 Understand different materials used in jigs and fixture
1.3.1 Enlist different materials
1.3.2 Describe the properties of each with respect to jigs and Fixtures
1.3.3 Select the best material
1.4 Understand design procedure.
1.4.1 Out line the design detail
1.4.2 Convert the outline into concrete form.
1.5 Understand jig support, Locking pin, jig feet, nuts, spring and washers.
1.5.1 Enlist different types of jig supports
1.5.2 Explain each with the help of sketch
1.5.3 Enlist different types oflocking pins
1.5.5 Enlist different types ofjig feet
1.5.7 Enlist different types ofnuts, spring washers.
1.5.8 Explain each
1.6 Understand clamping, locating devices, stoppers.
1.6.1 Enlist different types of clamping devices.
1.6.3 Enlist different types of locking device
1.6.5 Enlist different types of stoppers
1.6.6 Enlist each with the help of sketch
2. TOLERANCE AND ALLOWANCES.

2.1 Understand fits/its classification
2.1.1 Define fit
2.1.2 Describe types of fits
2.1.3 Explain uses of different types of fits.
2.2 Understand tolerance

2.2.1 Define tolerance
2.2.2 Describe different types of tolerance
2.2.3 Select tolerance for shaft and holes
2.3 Understand allowances.
2.3.1 Explain importance of allowances
2.3.2 Explain negative allowance.
3. PRESS AND PRESS WORK

3.1. Knows the basic terminology
3.1.1 Enlist different terms used in press work.
3.1.2 Describe briefly each term
3.2 Understand basic principles of OB press
3.2.1. List different parts
3.2.2 Explain functions of each part and working principle
3.3 Understand Screw Press
3.3.1 List different parts.
3.3.2 Explain function of each part.
3.4 Understand the principle and working of hydraulic press
3.4.1 Enlist parts of hydraulic press
3.4.3 Explain overall working of a hydraulic press
3.4.4 Describe uses of hydraulic press
3.5 Understand Multi operation press
3.5.1 Describe difference between the single & multi-operation press
3.5.2 Enlist uses of multi operation press.
3.5.3 Explain the working of multi operation press
3.5.4 Explain press-tonnage, stroke, shut height and Die-space
4. MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS
4.1 Understand blanking operations
4.1.1 Define blanking
4.1.2 Name the steps in blanking operation in sequence
4.1.3 Explain the blanking operation.
4.2 Understand piercing operations
4.2.1 Define piercing
4.2.2 Name the steps in piercing operations
4.2.3 Explain the piercing operation
4.3 Understand bending operation
4.3.1 Define bending
4.3.2 name the steps in bending operation
4.3.3 Explain the bending operation
4.4 Understand drawing operation

4.4.1 Define drawing
4.4.2 Name steps in drawing operation
4.3.3 Explain the drawing operation
4.5 Understand forming & embossing.
4.5.1 Define forming & embossing.
4.5.2 Name the steps in forming & embossing.
4.5.3 Explain forming & embossing.
5. CUTTING TOOL DESIGN.

5.1 Understands cutting tools.
5.1.1 Define cutting tools.
5.1.2 Define different angles of cutting tool.
5.1.3 Identify material used.
5.2 Understand Cutting edges.
5.2.1 Distinguish between single and multi cutting edges
5.2.2 Explain uses of single and multi edges.
5.2.3 Describe the material used.
5.3 Understand Carbide Tipped cutting tool (CTCT).
5.3.1 Describe C.T.C.T.
5.3.2 Explain advantages.
5.3.3 Explain uses of CTCT
6. PUNCHES AND DIE DESIGN.

6.1 Understand punches.
6.1.1 Define punch.
6.1.2 Describe types of punches.
6.1.3 Explain single & compound punches
6.1.4 Enlist material used for punch.
6.2 Understand Dies.
6.2.1 Define Die.
6.2.2 Describe types of die.
6.2.3 Enlist material used for dies.
6.3 Understand die and punch design procedure.
6.3.1 Describe die and punch design.
6.3.2 Outline design details.
6.3.3 Explain the design procedures.
6.3.4 Describe constructing a simple single punch die
6.3.5 State precision-ness
7. STEEL USED IN TOOL MAKING

7.1 Understand SAE, AISI steel classification
7.1.1 State SAE & AISI
7.1.2 Explain chemical composition of SAE & AISI steels

7.1.3 Describe SAE & AISI steel
7.2 Understand Heat-treatment of Tool-steel.
7.2.1 State annealing of tool steel
7.2.2 Explain hardening of tool steel
7.2.3 Explain tempering of tool steel
7.2.4 Explain the need of heat treating tool steel
8. CAMS & FOLLOWERS

8.1 Understand cam & its uses
8.1.1 Define cam
8.1.2 Explain types of cams.
8.1.3 Explain uses each type of cam.
8.2 Understand followers & its uses
8.2.1 Define follower
8.2.2 Explain types of followers
8.2.3 Compare types of followers
8.3 Understand profiles of cams
8.3.1 Explain various profiles of cams
8.3.2 Describe the methods of drawing cam profiles
1. Sketching of angle jig

2. Sketching of milling fixture.
3. Sketching of turning fixture.
4. Sketching of different standard parts of jig & fixture.
5. Application of unilateral tolerance for different sizes of shafts and holes
6. Application of bilateral tolerance for different sizes of shafts and holes
7. Sketching of OBI press with its nomenclature
8. Sketch; of screw press with it nomenclature.
9. designing of stock strip for making washer of 40 mm. Outer diameter (Blanking
operation) and 20 mm. inner dia (piercing operation).
10. Sketching of the operated die for (bending, drawing, forming) operation.
11. Sketch of a single point cutting tools for lathe machine with its nomenclature
sketching.
12. Sketching of a carbide tipped cutting tool
13. Sketching of multi point cutting tool (twist drill of 25mm size)
14. Sketching of a blanking die for making a blank of 30 mm diameter and 2mm thick
round workpiece.
15. Sketching of a progressive die for making washer of 40mm outer diameter and 20mm
minor diameter and 2mm thickness.
16. Sketch of different types of cams
17. Sketch of different types of followers
18. Cam profile design
19. Practical-18 continued
20. Practical-18 continued
TOOL DESISN
& MAKING
MT-332

Syed Ghulam Abbas
Azeem Academy
MT-362 MATERIALS TESTING AND HEAT TREATMENT

T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hrs
Theory 32
Practicals 96
Pre-requisite: Mechanics, Metallurgy
AIMS After going through this course, student will be able to :

1. Understand Destructive & non-destructive Test
2. Understand working of testing equipment
3. Know the basic Theories of heat Treatment processes
4. Understand common heat treatment processes
5. Understand common heat treatment processes of non ferrous metals
COURSE CONTENTS
(A) MATERIAL TESTING
1. INTRODUCTION 2 Hours
1.1 Mechanical properties of materials
1.1.1 Hardness
1.1.2 Toughness
1.1.3 Ductility
1.1.4 Brittleness
1.1.5 Elasticity
1.1.6 Plasticity
1.2 Destructive and non destructive tests
1.3 List of destructive and non-destructive tests
2. DESTRUCTIVE TEST 2 Hours

2.1 Hardness tests
2.1.1 Brinell hardness test
2.1.2 Rockwell hardness test
2.2 Izod impact test
2.3 Tensile test
2.4 Bending test
2.5 Shear test
2.6 Torsion test
2.7 Fatigue test
3. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS 3 Hours

3.1 X-Ray method
3.2 Magnetic method
3.3 Gamma-Ray method
(B) HEAT TREATMENT
4. IRON-CARBIDE DIAGRAM 4 Hours

4.1 Iron carbide diagram
4.2 Phase diagrams
4.3 Effect of heating on steel
4.4 Effect of cooling on steel
5. HEAT TREATMENT EQUIPMENT 5 Hours

5.1 Construction of pyrometers
5.2 Working of pyrometers.
5.3 Construction of heat treatment furnaces
5.4 Working of furnaces
5.5 Construction of metallurgical microscope
5.6 Working of metallurgical microscope
6. HEAT TREATMENT PROCESSES 5 Hours

6.1 Annealing & Normalizing
6.2 Hardening by quenching
6.3 Tempering
6.4 Hardenability
7. CASE HARDENING PROCESSES 5 Hours

7.1 Carburizing (pack,gas,liquid)
7.2 Nitriding
7.3 Cyaniding
7.4 Flame & induction hardening
8. HEAT TREATMENT OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND CAST IRON

5 Hours
8.1 Heat Treatment of cast iron
8.2 Non-ferrous metals & alloys
8.3 Annealing of Non-ferrous & Precipitation hardening
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES (MT-362)
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Know mechanical properties of materials.
1.1.1 Enlist the mechanical properties of materials (Hardness, toughness,
Ductility Malleability, Brittleness, Elasticity & plasticity).
1.1.2 Define each property.
1.2 Knows Destructive Tests
1.2.1 Enlist destructive tests.
1.2.2 Define each test.
1.3 Knows Non Destructive Tests
1.3.1 Enlist non destructive tests.
1.3.2 Define each test.
2. DESTRUCTIVE TESTS
2.1 Understand Hardness tests
2.1.1 Knows types of hardness tests.
2.1.2 Enlist parts of Brinell hardness testing machine.
2.1.3 Explain Working of Brinell hardness testing machine.
2.1.4 Explain preparation of specimen for Brinell hardness testing machine
2.1.5 Explain the measurement of impression by microscope for Brinell test
2.1.6 Describe relevant calculations.
2.1.7 Enlist parts of Rockwell hardness testing machine.
2.1.8 Explain working of Rockwell hardness testing machine.
2.1.9 Explain preparation of Specimen for Rockwell hardness testing
machine
2.1.10 Appreciate correct dial reading procedure
2.1.11 Enlist the difference between Brinell and Rockwell hardness testing
machine
2.2 Understand the principles of Impact Machine
2.2.1 Enlist parts of Izod Impact machine
2.2.3 Explain working principle
2.2.4 Explain preparation of specimen
2.2.5 Appreciate correct dial reading technique
2.3 Understand the principle of Tensile / Universal Testing Machine
2.3.1 Describe tensile testing machine
2.3.2 Enlist different parts of tensile testing machine & Extensometer
2.3.3 Describe different function of tensile testing machine
2.3.4 Explain the preparation of standard tensile test specimen for mild steel
2.3.5 Explain the procedure of tensile test of mild steel
2.3.6 Explain the stress strain curve obtained in a tensile test
2.3.7 Explain the calculation involved in a tensile test

2.3.8 State correct dial reading procedure
2.3.9 State need of correct holding of specimen on machine
2.4 Understand Bending Test
2.4.1 Describe bending
2.4.2 Explain bending test
2.5 Understand Shear test
2.5.1 Describe shear stress.
2.5.2 Explain shear tests (simple, punch shear)
2.6 Understand Torsion Testing Machine and Torsion Test
2.6.1 Define torque
2.6.2 Describe Torsion
2.6.3 Explain shafts subjected to Twisting Moment
2.6.4 Explain working of Torsion testing machine
2.6.5 Explain procedure of Torsion test
2.7 Understand Fatigue Testing Machine and Fatigue test
2.7.1 Define Fatigue
2.7.2 Describe cyclic loading
2.7.3 Explain effect of Fatigue on metals and Fatigue failure
2.7.4 Explain working of Fatigue Testing Machine
2.7.5 Explain procedure for Fatigue test
3. NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

3.1 Understand the X-Ray Technique
3.1.1 Enlist advantages of X-Ray test & disadvantages
3.1.2 Explain the basic principle of X-Ray test
3.1.3 Explain the equipment used
3.1.4 Enlist the safety measures adapted in X-Ray method
3.1.5 Explain the use of X-Ray method for casting & welded joints
3.2 Understand Gamma Ray Method
3.2.1 Enlist advantages & disadvantages of Gamma Rays method
3.2.2 Explain basic principle used
3.2.3 Explain equipment used
3.2.4 Enlist safety measures
3.2.5 Explain the uses of Gamma Ray Methods for castings and welded
joints
3.3 Understand Magnetic Methods
3.3.1 Enlist advantages/disadvantages
3.3.2 Explain the equipment used
3.3.3 Explain the basic principle
3.3.4 Explain crack detection procedure
B. HEAT TREATMENT
4.1 Understand heat treatment of steel

4.1.1 Describe heat treatment of steel
4.1.2 Explain constituents of steel
4.1.3 Describe allotropic nature of steel
4.1.4 Explain change of structure on heating
4.1.5 Explain Role of heating rate
4.1.6 Distinguish between micro & macro structure
4.2 Understand phase diagram
4.2.1 Define phase diagram
4.2.2 Explain importance of phase diagram
4.2.3 Name different phases
4.2.4 Explain different phases
4.3 Understand Iron Carbide Diagram
4.3.1 Sketch iron carbide diagram
4.3.2 Describe its importance in heat treatment of steel
4.3.3 Explain iron carbide diagram in heat treatment of steel
4.3.4 Name different phases in diagram
4.3.5 Explain different phases in diagram
4.4 Understand effect of cooling of steel
4.4.1 Explain the change of structure on cooling
4.4.2 Explain the importance of rate of cooling
4.4.3 Enlist different methods of cooling
4.4.4 Explain each method of cooling and its effect
5. HEAT TREATMENT PROCESSES

5.1 Understand Annealing
5.1.1 Define purpose of annealing
5.1.2 Enlist steps taken in annealing
5.1.3 Explain each step
5.2 Understand Hardening
5.2.1 Describe purpose of hardening
5.2.2 Enlist steps taken for hardening
5.2.3 Explain each process
5.3 Understand Tempering
5.3.1 Define purpose of tempering
5.3.2 Enlist step taken for tempering
5.3.3 Explain each process
5.4 Understand Quenching
5.4.1 Define purpose of quenching
5.4.2 Define different media, used for quenching
5.4.3 Explain the effect of quenching in each media
6. HEAT TREATMENT EQUIPMENT

6.1 Understand heat treatment furnaces

6.1.1 Describe heat treatment furnaces
6.1.2 Enlist different furnaces used
6.1.3 Describe the difference between heat treatment furnace and other
furnaces
6.1.4 Describe different parts of a furnace
6.1.5 Explain working of furnaces
6.1.6 State safe use of Furnaces
6.2 Understand Pyrometer
6.2.1 Define pyrometer
6.2.2 Enlist types of pyrometers
6.2.3 Enlist different parts of Thermocouple type and optical pyrometer
6.2.4 Explain working principle of pyrometer
6.3 Understand Metallurgical microscope
6.3.1 Describe microscope
6.3.2 Describe metallurgical microscope
6.3.3 Enlist parts of microscope
6.3.4 Explain each part
6.3.5 Explain working principle
6.3.6 Explain microstructure-study with microscope
7. CASE HARDENING PROCESSES

7.1 Understand carburizing
7.1.1 Define case hardening
7.1.2 List different case hardening process
7.1.3 Define carburizing
7.1.4 Explain carburizing with types
7.1.5 Describe cyaniding & Nitriding
7.1.6 Explain cyaniding & Nitriding
7.1.7 Describe flame hardening & Induction
7.1.8 Explain flame hardening & Induction hardening
8. UNDERSTAND HEAT TREATMENT OF NON-FERROUS METALS,

ALLOYS AND CAST IRON
8.1 Explain heat-Treatment of cast Iron
8.2 Explain heat-Treatment of Non-Ferrous metals and alloys
8.3 Explain precipitation hardening
8.4 Explain Annealing of Non-Ferrous metals
A. MATERIAL TESTING.
1. Practice for Brinell hardness test.
2.a) Practice for Rockwell hardness test for B-scale hardness.
2.b) Practice for Rockwell hardness test for C-scale hardness.
3. Practice for Izod test on cast-iron, Aluminum and mild steel standard test specimens.
4. Practice for Tensile test on universal testing machine on standard specimen, and
observe necking & yield point, calculate % elongation, % reduction in area.
5. Compression Test on timber or cast iron.
6. Practice for Bending and Shear test on universal testing machine.
7. Practice for Torsion test on torsion testing machine.
8. Practice for Fatigue test on fatigue testing machine.
B. HEAT TREATMENT
9. Sketch Metallurgical Microscope indicating its various parts.
10. Practice for working of Metallurgical microscope.
11. Practice for Etching of specimen.
12. Study grain size micro-structure of mild steel specimen.
13. Practice for Flame hardening & Quenching and study of grain structure.
14. Practice for Annealing and study grain structure.
15. Practice for Normalizing and study grain structure.
16. Practice for Pack carburizing and study grain structure.
17. Practice for heat treatment of Non-ferrous metals & cast iron and study grain
structure.
MATERIAL TESTING
& HEAT TREATMENT
MT-362

Syed Ghulam Abbas
Azeem Academy

MT-374 WORKSHOP PRACTICE-III

(ADVANCE MACHINE SHOP & PROJECTS)
T P C
2 6 4
Total contact hours
Theory 64
Practical 192
Pre-requisite: Workshop II
AIMS At the end of this course the students will be able to:
(i) Operate Milling, Shapers, Planner and grinding machines.
(ii) Prepare Mechanical projects.
(iii) Write project report.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. MILLING MACHINE CONSTRUCTIONS 3 Hours

1.1 Types and construction
1.2 Parts and their functions
1.3 Care & maintenance
1.4 Safety Practices
1.5 Attachments and Accessories
2. WORK HOLDING DEVICES 3 Hours

2.1 Vices and hold downs.
2.2 Compound angle Set up
3. MILLING CUTTERS 3 Hours

3.1 Types of cutters.
3.2 High steel cutters.
3.3 Carbide Tipped cutters.
3.4 Positive and negative rakes
3.5 Angles and clearances.
3.6 Cutting speeds and feeds.
4. MILLING OPERATIONS 3 Hours

4.1 Climb and conventional milling.
4.2 Plain Milling.

4.3 Side Milling.
4.4 Face Milling.
4.5 End Milling.
4.6 Slotting
4.7 Straddle Milling.
4.8 Sawing
4.9 Gang Milling.
5. GEAR CUTTING & GEAR CALCULATIONS 3 Hours

5.1 Gear Terminology
5.2 Computation and Formulae.
5.3 Indexing & Indexing Calculations.
5.3.1 Plain indexing.
5.3.2 Differential indexing.
5.4 Spur gear cutting (plain & Differential)
6. HELICAL MILLING 5 Hours

6.1 Lead of gear.
6.2 Lead of Machine
6.3 Computation and Formulae.
6.4 Helical gear cutting, left hand, Right hand.
7. HOBBING MACHINE. 4 Hours

7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Types.
7.3 Construction.
7.4 Working.
8. GRINDING WHEELS. 8 Hours

8.1 Abrasives.
8.1.1 Natural.
8.1.2 Synthetic.
8.2 Grade and Structure.
8.3 Standard wheel shapes and application.
8.4 Bonds and Bonding methods.
8.5 Selection of grinding wheel.
8.6 Inspection, handling and storage.
8.7 Truing and dressing
9. PRECISION GRINDING MACHINES. 4 Hours

9.1 Types and construction.
9.2 Principles & functions.
9.3 Holding Devices and accessories.

9.4 Grinding fluids.
10. GRINDING OPERATIONS 6 Hours

10.1 Surface grinding.
10.2 Cylindrical grinding.
10.3 Internal grinding.
10.4 Form grinding.
10.5 Centre-less grinding.
10.6 Tool and cutter grinding.
10.6.1 Clearance grinding of cutters.
10.6.2 Drill grinding.
10.6.3 End mill grinding.
11. HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMISSION 8 Hours

11.1 Introduction.
11.2 Advantages of Hydraulic transmission.
11.3 Elements of Hydraulic systems.
11.4 Cross fed mechanism.
11.5 Rapid traverse and feed circuit.
11.6 Hydraulic oil requirements.
12. PROJECTS 7 Hours

12.1 Introduction.
12.2 Necessity & need of projects.
12.3 Planning a project.
12.4 Detail and Assembly drawings of project.
12.5 Material Requirements of project.
12.6 Preparation of projects.
12.7 Projects & Projects report.
(a) Surface gauge
(b) Miniature Collect chuck.
(c) Rack & gear Assembly.
(d) Watch maker's Lathe
(e) High speed gear box.
(f) Drill press miniature model
(g) Loose tail stock.
(h) Air compressing Foot pump.
(i) Lathe Tool post (square type)
(j) Job supporting Screw Jack.
1. UNDERSTAND MILLING MACHINE CONSTRUCTION, TYPES,

ATTACHMENTS AND ACCESSORIES
1.1 State the working principle of Milling machine
1.2 Identify different types of Milling Machine
1.3 Explain the construction of universal Milling machine
1.4 Describe the functions of milling machine parts
1.5 Explain the care and maintenance of milling machine
1.6 State the safety practices for operating the milling machine
1.7 Describe the uses and necessity of attachments and accessories
(a) Dividing Head
(b) Vertical head
(c) Rotary table
(d) Slotting attachment
(e) Rack cutting attachment
2. UNDERSTAND THE USE OF WORK HOLDING DEVICES

2.1 Describe the use of vice
2.2 Describe the hold down devices
2.3 Describe the use of chuck
2.4 Explain the construction and use of machine
2.5 Explain the use of universal vice
2.6 Describe the compound angle setting procedure of universal vice
3. MILLING CUTTERS:
3.1 Understand the milling cutters and their uses for a particular application
3.1.1 Classify milling cutters with respect to holding
position
3.1.2 Describe materials of milling cutters
3.1.3. Explain positive and Negative Rake angles and clearances
3.2 Calculate the speed and feed of cutters for different situations
3.2.1 Calculate spindle RPM and different metals
3.2.2 Select suitable cutting speed
4. UNDERSTAND MILLING OPERATIONS

4.1 Differentiate climb and conventional milling
4.2 Explain plain milling operation
4.3 Explain side milling operation
4.4 Explain face milling operation
4.5 Explain end milling operation
4.6 Explain slotting milling operation
4.7 Explain straddle milling operation

4.8 Explain gauge milling operation
4.9 Explain sawing/shitting milling operation
5. GEAR CUTTING & GEAR CALCULATIONS

5.1 Understand gear calculation
5.1.1 Calculate gear blank size
5.1.2 Calculate gear Module
5.1.3 Calculate No. of teeth
5.1.4 Calculate full depth and clearances
5.2 Understand plain & differential indexing
5.2.1 Explain the plain indexing method and its calculations
5.2.2 Describe the differential indexing method and its calculations
5.2.3 Practice spur gear cutting by
(a) Plain indexing method
(b) Differential indexing method
5.3 Apply skill in gear cutting
5.3.1 Explain holding a blank for gear cutting
5.3.2 Explain outing a cutter in arbor
5.3.3 Describe to feed cutter of blank
5.3.4 Explain the necessity of proper depth of cut
6. APPLIES SKILL IN HELICAL GEAR CUTTING

6.1 Explain bed of gear
6.2 Explain bed of machine
6.3 Calculate gear blank size
6.4 Calculate no of teeth of a helical gear
6.5 Calculate correct module
6.6 Select correct cutter No
6.7 Explain table setting for helical milling
6.8 Calculate gear ratio for helical cutting
6.9 Practice cutting helical gear
(a) Left hand
(b) Right hand
7. UNDERSTAND HOBBING MILLING

7.1 Describe the working principle of hobbing milling machine
7.2 Identify vertical hobbing machine
7.3 Identify horizontal hobbing machine
7.4 Explain the construction differential vertical hobbing machine
7.5 Describe the working of differential vertical hobbing machine
8. UNDERSTAND THE SELECTION AND USES OF GRINDING WHEELS

8.1 Define abrasives

8.2 Differentiate Natural and synthetic abrasives
8.3 classify the Natural and synthetic abrasives
8.4 Describe grade of standard grinding wheel
8.5 Identify grinding wheel shapes
8.6 State the application of grinding wheels w.r.t. shape
8.7 Describe the bonds
8.8 Explain bonding methods
8.9 Describe selection of grinding wheel
8.10 Explain the inspection methods of grinding wheels
8.11 Demonstrate truing and dressing method
9. UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF PRECISION GRINDING MACHINE,

HOLDING DEVICES AND CUTTING FLUIDS
9.1 Enlist precision grinding machines
9.2 Describe the construction & working of cylindrical grinding machine
9.3 Describe the construction & working of surface grinding machine
9.4 Describe the Construction & working of Universal grinding machine
9.5 Describe the Construction & working tool and cutter grinding machine
9.6 Describe the holding devices and accessories of above said machines
9.7 Describe the grinding fluids
10. UNDERSTAND GRINDING OPERATIONS

10.1 Explain surface grinding operation
10.2 Explain Cylindrical grinding operation
10.3 Explain Internal grinding operation
10.4 Explain form grinding operation
10.5 Explain Centreless grinding operation
10.6 Explain the grinding of Drills
10.7 Explain the grinding of Milling cutter
11. UNDERSTAND THE HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMISSION IN

MACHINES
11.1 Explain the necessity of Hydraulic power transmission
11.2 Advantages of Hydraulic power transmission
11.3 Describe the elements of Hydraulics system
11.4 Describe feed mechanism of Hydraulic power driven machine
11.5 Explain rapid traverse and feed circuit system
11.6 Explain the Hydraulic oils
12. PRODUCE SIMPLE MECHANICAL PROJECTS APPLYING KNOWLEDGE

AND SKILL OF WORKSHOP COURSES
12.1 Describe the concept, necessity and need of projects
12.2 Explain procedure and method of producing projects
12.3 Prepare detail and assembly drawing of projects to be prepared

12.4 Explain the material requirement for the projects to be prepared
12.5 Estimate the cost of projects including pattern making casting, raw material
and machining & over heads etc
12.6 Prepare the project taken in hand
12.7 Write a complete project report comprising:-
(a) Drawings
(b) Procedure
(c) Material lists
(d) Process charts
(e) Cost
(f) Difficulties faced
A) ADVANCE MACHINE SHOP
1. Plain Milling operation

2. Slotting on Flat surface
3. Slitting an round work
4. Rock cutting work (spur & Helical)
5. Super gear cutting
(a) Plain indexing Method
(b) Differential indexing Method
6. Helical gear cutting Left hand & Right hand
7. Cylindrical grinding operation
8. Surface grinding
9. Tool & cutter grinding
B) PROJECTS
10. LIST OF FURTHER PROJECTS:

i. Surface gauge
ii. Miniature collet chuck
iii. Rack & gear assembly
iv. Watch Maker lathe
v. High speed gear
vi. Drill press & grinder Model
vii. Loose tail stock
viii. Air compressing foot pump
ix. Lathe tool part (square Type)
x. Job supporting screw jack.
WORKSHOP
PRACTICE-III
MT-374

Ghayoor Ahmed
Azeem Academy
MT-382 COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING (CIM)

T P C
1 3 2
Total contact hours
Theory 32
Practical 96
Pre-requisite: Workshop I, Workshop II, CAD I, CAD II
AIMS At the end of the course the student will be able to understand computer aided
designing and manufacturing. He must also be aware of Programming and operating
CNC Lathe. Acquire the knowledge of Computer Integrated Manufacturing with
Configurations of CAD, CAM & ROBOTICS.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION TO CIM. 2 Hours

1.1 CADD/CAM
1.2 CADD/CAM system
1.3 CAE/CAM system
1.4 CAM Technology
1.5 ROBOT
1.6 CAM/CADD Characteristics
1.7 Numerical controls (N.C.)
1.8 ROBOTICS
1.9 Robot components
1.10 Flexible Manufacturing
2. NUMERICAL CONTROLS. 4 Hours

2.1 Description
2.2 Measurement fundamentals
2.3 Types of numerical control system.
2.3.1 Open loop Systems
2.3.2 Closed loop systems
2.4 Types of controls
2.4.1 Point to point positioning
2.4.2 Continuous path control
2.5 Input media
2.5.1 Punched cards
2.5.2 Punched Tape
2.5.3 Types of standard punched tapes
2.5.4 Tape coding

2.5.5 Tape preparation
3. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF NC MACHINES 2 Hours

3.1 Advantages
3.2 Disadvantages
3.3 Recent advancement in numerical control
4. COMPUTER CONTROL 3 Hours

4.1 Computerized numerical control-CNC
4.2 Direct numerical control-DNC
4.3 Advantages of C N C
4.4 Advantages of D N C
5. MANUAL NC PROGRAMMING 2 Hours

5.1 Absolute dimensioning system
5.2 Incremental dimensioning system
6. N C LANGUAGE 6 Hours
6.1 Tape format
6.2 Information block
6.2.1 Information in blocks
6.2.2 Sequence number
6.3 Preparatory functions
6.4 Feed rate
6.5 Miscellaneous functions
6.6 Manual NC programme writing procedure
6.7 Punching the NC Tape.
7. COMPUTER ASSISTED MANUFACTURING. 6 Hours

7.1 N C PROGRAMMING
7.2 CNC PROGRAMMING
7.2.1 Sample CNC programme
7.3 Practicing on CNC Lathe
7.3.1 Parallel turning
7.3.2 Step turning
7.3.3 Taper Turning
8. PRACTICING ON CNC TURNING/MILLING MACHINE (EMCO

COMPACT CNC/ANY AVAILABLE CNC MACHINE IN THE SHOP).4 Hours
8.1 Requirements for practicing
8.2 Hints for working with CNC Lathe/Milling Machine.
9. FIELDS OF CNC APPLICATION 1 Hour

9.1 CNC lathe
9.2 CNC Milling Machine
9.3 CNC Drilling Machine
9.4 CNC Grinding Machine
9.5 CNC Measuring Equipment
9.6 CNC Punch machines
9.7 CNC Bending Machines
9.8 CNC Shaping Machines
9.9 CNC Welding Machines
9.10 CNC Painting Machine
9.11 CNC Wood Working Machines
9.12 CNC Assembling units (Robots)
9.13 CNC Drawing Machines
10. PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS SPECIFIC TO EMCO 5 CNC. 2 Hours

10.1 G FUNCTIONS
10.2 M FUNCTIONS
10.3 EMCO PROGRAMME SHEET.
1. KNOW COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING (CIM)

1.1 Describe growth of Automation
1.2 Describe CAD/CAM
1.3 Describe CAD/CAM Systems
1.4 Describe CAE/CAM Systems
2. UNDERSTAND HISTORY OF CIM & CAM TECHNOLOGIES

2.1 State History of CAD/CAM, Computer, transistor interactive computer
graphics
2.2 Explain CAM Technologies
2.3 Explain CAM Language
2.4 Explain CAM Language Computability
2.5 Establish relation of Robot with CAM
2.6 Explain CAD/CAM Characteristics
2.7 Explain computer graphic work-station
2.8 Explain common Data Base for linking CAD & CAM
2.9 Explain concepts of Group Technology and its Benefits
2.10 Explain CAD/CAM soft ware
3. UNDERSTAND NUMERICAL CONTROL

3.1 Describe Numerical control (NC)
3.2 Describe early NC development
3.3 Describe Computer Numerical control (CNC)
4. UNDERSTAND ROBOTICS
4.1 Describe Robotics
4.2 Explain Robot components
4.3 Explain Hard ware features of Robot
4.4 Construct Robot Arm geometries
5. UNDERSTAND FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING

5.1 Describe Flexible Manufacturing (FM)
5.2 Explain Flexible Manufacturing advantages
5.3 Explain Flexible Manufacturing Decision factors
6. UNDERSTAND THE INPUT DEVICES FOR CAD/CAM

6.1 Describe sources of input
6.2 Describe Keyboards
6.3 Describe EBCDIC and ASCII
6.4 Describe Programmable function Box

6.5 Describe Data with cursor types (digitizing cursor, mouse, stylus)
6.6 Explain Digitizer types
6.7 Explain sonic digitizer & light pen
6.8 Explain Digitizing scanners
6.9 Describe scanning and conversion
6.10 Explain scanning process
6.11 Explain voice data-Entry
7. UNDERSTAND OUTPUT DEVICES OF CAD/CAM

7.1 Describe Hard Copy devices
7.2 Describe pen-plotters
7.3 Describe plotters vs. Printers
7.4 Explain types of plotters
7.5 Explain types of Printers
8. UNDERSTAND CAM DEVELOPMENTS

8.1 Describe Data-base Management
8.2 Identify importance of standardization
8.3 Describe early CAD development
8.4 Identify soft wares for CAD/CAM
8.5 Describe early CAM development
8.6 Explain Numerical control
8.7 Explain APT soft ware for CAM
8.8 Explain CAM soft ware Acquisition method
9. DESCRIBE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

9.1 Describe Al
9.2 Describe Al and CAM
9.3 Describe Al and CAD
10. UNDERSTAND NUMERICAL CONTROL (NC)

10.1 Describe NC
10.2 Describe measurement fundamentals
10.3 Explain types of Numerical control system (over-loop, closed loop)
10.4 Explain point-to point positioning and continuous-path control
10.5 Identify importance of punched tape in NC and its types
10.6 Explain Tape coding and Tape preparation
11. UNDERSTAND NC OPERATION

11.1 Describe NC operation
11.2 Describe advantages of NC machines
11.3 Describe dis-advantages of NC machines
11.4 Explain recent advances in Numerical controls
12. UNDERSTAND COMPUTERIZED NUMERICAL CONTROL (CNC)

12.1 State types of computer control
12.2 Explain CNC
12.3 Explain DNC
12.4 Explain advantages of CNC and DNC
13. UNDERSTAND NC PROGRAMMING

13.1 Describe manual NC-Programming
13.2 Explain absolute dimensioning system
13.3 Explain Incremental dimensioning system
13.4 Explain NC Programming Code
14. KNOW NC LANGUAGE

14.1 Describe Tape Format
14.2 Describe Information Blocks
14.3 Describe Sequence number
14.4 Describe feed Rate
14.5 Describe Miscellaneous Functions
14.6 Describe Nc Program writing Procedure (manual)
15. UNDERSTAND COMPUTER-ASSISTED NC PROGRAMMING

15.1 Review of NC Programming languages
15.2 Understand a pre-programmed CNC programming example
15.3 Practice the example on CNC lathe machine
15.4 Develop CNC program for parallel turning on CNC lathe machine
15.5 Develop CNC Program for Taper turning
15.6 Develop CNC Program for step turning
1-2 Introduction to CNC Lathe machine

3-4 Study of observance of safety while operating the machine
5-6 Study of programming CNC lathe Machine
7-8 Study of procedure for coding and saving program
9-11 Study & working of CNC Machine
12-15 Preparation of sample job-i from pre-developed program supplied with the CNC lathe
Machine/self developed program.
16-19 Preparation of sample job-ii from pre-developed program supplied with the CNC
lathe Machine/self developed.
20-23 Practice to prepare program of parallel turning and job preparation.
24-27 Practice to prepare program of step turning and job preparation.
28-30 Practice to prepare program of taper turning and job preparation.
COMPUTER
INTEGRATED
MANUFACTURING
MT-382

Syed Haider Ali
Azeem Academy

Mechanical 1

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Sindh Board of Technical Education

Diploma of Associate Engineer

Center for Curriculum Research & Development

(Industrial Planning & Production Method)

)‫برائے ڈپلومہ آف ایسوسی ایٹ انجیئرز (سال اول‬

‫پروفیسر) محمد) طارق‬

Total contact hours

ENGLISH PAPER "A"

2 CLOZE TEST 4 hours

ENGLISH PAPER "B"

4.6 Technical Education, Science and Our life, Computers,

2. UNDERSTAND FACTS OF THE TEXT

4. APPLY THE CONCEPTS OF COMPOSITION WRITING TO PRACTICAL

5. APPLIES RULES OF TRANSLATION

According to the Syllabus of Sindh Board of Technical Education, Karachi

Diploma of Associate Engineer (1st Year)

Syed Mazhar Abbas Shah

22-Urdu Bazar, Lahore. Ph. 7231448

Math-113 APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I

Pre-requisite: Must have completed a course of Elective Mathematics at Matric level.

AIMS: After completing the course the students will be able to

1. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS 6 Hours

2. ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION AND SERIES. 3 Hours

3. GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION AND SERIES. 3 Hours

4. BINOMIAL THEOREM 6 Hours

5. PARTIAL FRACTIONS 6 Hours

6. FUNDAMENTALS OF TRIGONOMETRY 6 Hours

7. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS AND RATIOS 6 Hours

8. GENERAL IDENTITIES 6 Hours

9. SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES 6 Hours

9.1 The law of Sines

11. VECTORS 9 Hours

12. MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS 9 Hours

Math-113 APPLIED MATHEMATICS-I

1. USE DIFFERENT METHODS FOR THE SOLUTION OF QUADRATIC

2. UNDERSTAND APPLY CONCEPT OF ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION AND

3. UNDERSTAND GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION AND SERIES.

4. EXPAND AND EXTRACT ROOTS OF A BINOMIAL.

5. RESOLVE A SINGLE FRACTION INTO PARTIAL FRACTIONS USING

6. UNDERSTAND SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENT OF ANGLES.

7. APPLY BASIC CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF TRIGONOMETRIC

8. USE TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES IN SOLVING TECHNOLOGICAL

9. USE CONCEPTS, PROPERTIES AND LAWS OF TRIGONOMETRIC

10. USE PRINCIPLES OF MENSURATION IN FINDING SURFACES, VOLUMES

11. USE THE CONCEPT AND PRINCIPLES OF VECTORS IN SOLVING

12. USE THE CONCEPT OF MATRICES & DETERMINANTS IN SOLVING

According to the Syllabus of Sindh Board of Technical Education, Karachi

Diploma of Associate Engineer (1st Year)

Syed Munawwar Ali

Publishers & Book Sellers

Total Contact Hours

2 SCALARS AND VECTORS. 4 Hours.

4 TORQUE, EQUILIBRIUM AND ROTATIONAL INERTIA. 4 Hours.

4.5 Rotational inertia

5 WAVE MOTION. 5 Hours

8 OPTICAL FIBER. 2 Hours

9.9 Laser welding

Phy-122 APPLIED PHYSICS

1 USE CONCEPTS OF MEASUREMENT TO PRACTICAL SITUATIONS AND

2 USE CONCEPTS OF SCALARS AND VECTORS IN SOLVING PROBLEMS

3 USE THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM AND CONCEPTS OF

4 USE CONCEPTS OF TORQUE, EQUILIBRIUM AND ROTATIONAL

5 USE CONCEPTS OF WAVE MOTION IN SOLVING RELEVANT PROBLEMS.