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B. The pressure difference, ∆P, across a partial blockage in an artery (called a stenosis) is
approximated by the equation
2
µV A
∆P = K v + K u 0 − 1 ρV 2
D A1
Where V is the blood velocity, µ the blood viscosity, ρ the blood density, D the artery diameter,
A0 the area of the unobstructed artery and A1 the area of the stenosis. Determine the dimensions of
the constants Kv and Ku . Would this equation be valid in any system of units?
C. An important dimensionless parameter in certain types of flow problems is the Froude number
defined as Fr = V gL where V is velocity, g the acceleration due to gravity and L a length.
Determine the value of the Froude number for V=10ft/s, g=32.2ft/s2 and L=2ft. Recalculate the
Froude number using SI units for V, g and L. Explain the significance of the results of these
calculations. (Ans: 1.25, 1.25)
D. For fluid flow in a pipe the Reynolds number, Re, is defined as ρVD/µ where ρ is the fluid
density, V the mean fluid velocity, D the pipe diameter and the u the fluid viscosity. Calculate the
Reynolds numbers for the flow of water and for air through a 3mm diameter pipe if the mean
o
velocity is 2m/s and the temperature is 30 C in both cases. Assume the air is standard atmospheric
pressure. (Ans: 7491, 376)
3
u 3 y 1 y
= −
U 2 δ 2δ
MMA800 Thermofluids Tutorials
Fixed
Determine the magnitude and direction of the shearing stresses that act on the fixed plates when
the moving plate has a velocity of 4m/s. assume a linear velocity distribution between the plates.
(Ans: 13.33 N/m2)
Ri
Ro