Grade 07 Module Quarter 01

MODULE COVERAGE
This module has the following lessons:
Lesson Title You’ll learn to… Estimated

No. Time
Lesson 1 Synonyms and Antonyms Unlock the meaning of a 1 day
vocabulary
Lesson 2 Kinds of Television Programs Determine the different 4 days
genres of television
programs
Lesson 3 Passive And Active Distinguish the difference 4 days
Construction between Passive and Active
Voice
Lesson 4 Past And Past Perfect Tense Write sentences in the past 4 days
tense
Lesson 5 Direct And Reported Speech Identify the different 4 days
construction of Direct and
Reported speech
Lesson 6 Phrase Modifiers Make correct sentences 4 days
derived from phrases
Lesson 7 Kinds Of Sentences According Differentiate the clauses that 4 days
To Structure makes a sentence and the
conjunctions it uses
Lesson 8 Purpose Of Reading Use different forms of 4 days
reading based on the
material
 Expected Skills To do well in this module,

You need to remember and do the following:
1. Use related words in order to unlock the difficulties in understanding the meaning of the
word.
2. Have a tight grasps of the materials viewed based on their different elements
3. Be mindful of the sentence construction to differentiate its purpose in the spoken
language
4. Use words that are appropriate in a given period of time to avoid misleading ideas
5. Construct sentences and compare and contrast to further understand their differenced
6. Make a meaningful sentence out of phrases
7. Identify the different clauses and conjunctions used in a variety of sentences
8. Make most of the strategies of reading to improve your grasps of the selection.
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 MODULE MAP
UNLOCKING OF GRAMMAR COMPREHENSION

DIFFICULTIES AWARENESS
Synonymns And Passive And Active Purpose of Reading

Antonyms Construction
Past And Past

Kinds of Television Perfect Tense
Programs
Direct And
Reported Speech
Phrase Modifiers
Kinds Of
Sentences
According To
Structure
PRE-ASSESSMENT
READING TEXT
One day, Darang Magayon was bathing in the river when she slipped on the rocks. She did not
know how to swim. Fortunately, Panganoron, the son of Rajah Karilaya from the Tagalogs, saw
her calling for help in the Yaw river and saved her. After saving her life, Panganoron started to
court her. After some days she finally accepted his proposal. Consequently, he decided to ask
Darang Magayon's father, Rajah Makusong for her hand in matrimony. The father accepted
Panganoron to be his daughter’s husband. When Pagtuga heard of the news that Darang
Magayon was to be bethrothed to Panganoron, he got very angry. Pagtuga kidnapped Rajah
Makusong and took him to the mountains. Then he told everyone that he would release him
only if Darang Magayon would marry him. Afraid that Pagtuga would hurt her father, she
accepted to be his wife. When Panganoron knew about the situation, he asked his warriors to
follow him to the mountains to fight against Pagtuga. The battle was fierce. Panganoron killed
Pagtuga, but he was also eventually killed by an arrow thrown by one of Pagtuga's warriors.
Sadly, while Darang Magayon ran to the arms of her beloved Panganoron, an arrow pierced her
heart and killed her. After the battle was over, Rajah Makusong laid the bodies of both lovers in
a single grave. As days passed by, people who went to the grave to pay respect, saw that the
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grave was rising and turning into a land form. They started to call it Mayon, short for Magayon.
Each time that the Mayon volcano would erupt, some would say that such eruptions are songs
of love between the lovers. People say that the spirit of Darang Magayon lives on the volcano.
On the hand, Panganoron, whose spirit is believed to be living on the clouds above the volcano,
would disperse rain to keep its flowers and plants fresh, so it stays beautiful.
1. What does the reading selection manifest? The story…

A. Mirrors almost exactly the origin of a particular volcano.
B. Depicts consequences of parental interventions.
C. Exemplifies heroic adventure of Panganoron.
D. Poses a love story of genuine roots.
2. It is a story of ___________________.
A. courage and faith B. honesty and hope
C. love and courage D. hope and sacrifice
3. What does indifferent mean as used in the sentence,

“Pedro, who seemed indifferent, refused to participate in class discussions about Philippine folk
literature”?
A. curious B. uninterested C. agitated D. quiet
4. Based on its structure, how do you classify the following sentence?

“People say that the spirit of Darang Magayon lives on the volcano.”
A. simple B. complex C. compound D. compound-complex
5. The choices below share the same meanings. In retelling a story, which word would you use
to describe your appreciation for a character’s trait?
A. determined B. pig-headed C. stubborn D. unreasonable
6. Why is it important to know the right word in any writing situation? Knowing how a word is
used ______________________.
A. shows mastery of the English language
B. endears the readers to the writer
C. determines its meaning
D. impresses the readers
7. What features animated characters. It can be in 2D or 3D perspective?

A. Cartoons/Animated Program B. Comedy Programs
C. News Programs D. Talk Show Program
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8. What is a fictional program that creates humor out of the situations, experiences, and life of
the characters?
9. Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?

detest
A. argue
B. hate
C. discover
D. reveal

gracious
A. pretty
B. clever
C. pleasant
D. present

predict
A. foretell
B. decide
C. prevent
D. discover

kin
A. exult
B. twist
C. friend
D. relative

Pensive
A. oppressed
B. caged
C. thoughtful
D. happy
14. lan left the Philippines last year. In what tense does the verb takes in the following
sentence?
A. Present B. Past C. Present Perfect D. Past Present
15. Annabelle edited the paper two nights ago. In what tense does the verb takes in the
following sentence?
A. Present B. Past C. Present Perfect D. Past Present
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16. The subject performs the action denoted by the verb.
A. Active Voice B. Direct Speech C. Passive Voice D. Reported Speech
17. These are the exact words of the speaker because the precise words are written down, and
are placed within quotation marks.
18. These are words can be faithfully expressed in another statement this construction.
19. The subject is being acted upon by the verb.

20. It is used to locate a specific idea, information, or topic, The reader looks for clues that direct
him or her to the specific idea or topic that he or she is looking for.
A. Reading for Enjoyment
B. Exploratory Reading
C. Search Reading
D. Critical Reading
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LESSON 1
 KWL CHART
Below is a KWL Chart. It will help you check your understanding of the lessons in this unit. Fill in
with appropriate information the different sections of this module. Now, you are supposed to
complete the first and second columns with what you know and wonder about the topic.
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
Write what you know about Write what you want to learn Write what you learned from
the topic the topic
 EXPLORE
1. What are words with similar meanings called? _____________

2. What are words with opposite meanings called? _____________
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A. DISCUSSION
A synonym is a word that has the same meaning as another word. On the other hand, an
antonym is a word with a meaning opposite to that of another word. In a dictionary or thesaurus,
synonyms and antonyms are often given as part of the definition of a word. Take a look at the
sample found below.
SOURCE: http://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/wise?show=0&t=1341365358
B. EXERCISE
Direction/s: Using a dictionary or thesaurus, look for the antonym and synonym of the
highlighted words found in the riddles and proverbs. Write your answers on the table.
1. “Better a slip of the foot than a slip of the tongue
2. “He who questions much excels the wise.”
3. “A man in extreme need will clutch even at a sharp knife.”
4. “Leaves of Cappa-cappa turned backwards and identical.” EARS
5. “A deep well full of sharp instruments.” MOUTH
Word Synonym Antonym

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
C. ACTIVITY
The Ancient Visayan Account of the Creation
Thousands of years ago there was no land nor sun nor moon nor stars, and the world was only
a great sea of water, above which stretched the sky. The water was the kingdom of the god
Maguayan, and the sky was ruled by the great god Kaptan.
Maguayan had a daughter called Lidagat, the sea, and Kaptan had a son known as Lihangin,
the wind. The gods agreed to the marriage of their children, so the sea became the bride of the
wind.
Three sons and a daughter were born to them. The sons were called Licalibutan, Liadlao, and
Libulan, and the daughter received the name of Lisuga.
Licalibutan had a body of rock and was strong and brave; Liadlao was formed of gold and was
always happy; Libulan was made of copper and was weak and timid; and the beautiful Lisuga
had a body of pure silver and was sweet and gentle. Their parents were very fond of them, and
nothing was wanting to make them happy.
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After a time Lihangin died and left the control of the winds to his eldest son Licalibutan. The
faithful wife Lidagat soon followed her husband, and the children, now grown up, were left
without father or mother. However, their grandfathers, Kaptan and Maguayan, took care of them
and guarded them from all evil.
After a time, Licalibutan, proud of his power over the winds, resolved to gain more power, and
asked his brothers to join him in an attack on Kaptan in the sky above. At first they refused; but
when Licalibutan became angry with them, the amiable Liadlao, not wishing to offend his
brother, agreed to help. Then together they induced the timid Libulan to join in the plan.
When all was ready the three brothers rushed at the sky, but they could not beat down the gates
of steel that guarded the entrance. Then Licalibutan let loose the strongest winds and blew the
bars in every direction. The brothers rushed into the opening, but were met by the angry god
Kaptan. So terrible did he look that they turned and ran in terror; but Kaptan, furious at the
destruction of his gates, sent three bolts of lightning after them.
The first struck the copper Libulan and melted him into a ball. The second struck the golden
Liadlao and he too was melted. The third bolt struck Licalibutan and his rocky body broke into
many pieces and fell into the sea. So huge was he that parts of his body stuck out above the
water and became what is known as land.
In the meantime the gentle Lisuga had missed her brothers and started to look for them. She
went toward the sky, but as she approached the broken gates, Kaptan, blind with anger, struck
her too with lightning, and her silver body broke into thousands of pieces.
Kaptan then came down from the sky and tore the sea apart, calling on Maguayan to come to
him and accusing him of ordering the attack on the sky. Soon Maguayan appeared and
answered that he knew nothing of the plot as he had been asleep far
down in the sea. After a time he succeeded in calming the angry Kaptan. Together they wept at
the loss of their grandchildren, especially the gentle and beautiful Lisuga; but with all their power
they could not restore the dead to life. However, they gave to each body a beautiful light that will
shine forever.
And so it was that golden Liadlao became the sun and copper Libulan the moon, while the
thousands of pieces of silver Lisuga shine as the stars of heaven. To wicked Licalibutan the
gods gave no light, but resolved to make his body support a new race of people. So Kaptan
gave Maguayan a seed and he planted it on the land, which, as you will remember, was part of
Licalibutan’s huge body. Soon a bamboo tree grew up, and from the hollow of one of its
branches a man and a woman came out. The man’s name was Sicalac, and the woman was
called Sicabay. They were the parents of the human race. Their first child was a son whom they
called Libo; afterwards they had a daughter who was known as Saman. Pandaguan was a
younger son and he had a son called Arion.
Pandaguan was very clever and invented a trap to catch fish. The very first thing he caught was
a huge shark. When he brought it to land, it looked so great and fierce that he thought it was
surely a god, and he at once ordered his people to worship it. Soon all gathered around and
began to sing and pray to the shark. Suddenly the sky and sea opened, and the gods came out
and ordered Pandaguan to throw the shark back into the sea and to worship none but them.
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Direction/s: Search for 10 words and look for the definition of each word in the dictionary and
find their Synonym and Antonyms. Refer to the Table below.
Word Definition Synonym/Antonym

1. * Synonym:
Antonym:
2. * Synonym:
Antonym:
3. * Synonym:
Antonym:
4. * Synonym:
Antonym:
5. * Synonym:
Antonym:
 ENRICHMENT
Choose a person that you have known for a long time and think of the things that are similar
and things that are different from one another. Use the table below.
Name: _____________________________________________
Similarities: Differences:
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 KWL CHART
What new realizations do you have about the topic? What new connections have you made
for yourself? Revise the KWL Chart.
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
LESSON 2
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
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 EXPLORE
Explain why you grouped them that way.
Questions to Answer
1. What can you say about the pictures that are grouped together?
_____________________________________________________________________.
2. What is the basic trait or characteristic of each group? Do you remember hearing stories
about talking animals and heroes with supernatural powers? What do these stories tell us?
What lessons can you recall upon watching these program?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
3. What do think are the characteristics of the characters that you have? Explain why.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
VIEWING COMPREHENSION
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A. DISCUSSION
Kinds of Television Programs
Today, watching television is already part of one's routine. A person's day cannot be complete
without sitting in front of a television and watching programs that cater to the preferences of the
viewing public.
To have a better understanding of the television programs being shown to the viewers, here are
some of its types.
1. Cartoons/Animated Program
It features animated characters. It can be in 2D or 3D perspective.
2. Documentary Programs
It is based on reality; events shown really happened. This program aims to show a
particularconcern on a political, social, environmental, or historical issue.
3. Comedy Programs
It is a fictional program that creates humor out of the situations, experiences, and life of the
characters.
4. News Programs
It is a regular program that reports important events as they happen. Narration of events is
factual and objective. It can be done live or recorded earlier.
5. Talk Show Program
It is a program in which a person or a group of people discusses topics or issues, and
thediscussion is facilitated by the talk show host or hosts.
6. Lifestyle
It is a program that talks about how some well-known people or celebrities live fashionably or in
style.
7. Game Show
It is a television program that provides real contests, competitions, or physical challenges.
Winners usually get rewards in the form of prizes.
8. Soap Opera Show
It is a form of television program that works with a continuous open narrative. Each episode
ends with a promise that the storyline is to be continued in the next episode.
B. EXERCISE
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Direction/s: Give at least one example of each Kinds of Television Programs. List down the
television programs that you have found and give a short description about it.
Cartoons/Animated
Program:______________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Documentary:_____________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Comedy Program:__________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
News Programs:___________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Talk Show Program:________________________________________________________

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Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Lifestyle:______________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Game Show:______________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Soap Opera Show:________________________________________________________
Description: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Determining the Truthfulness and Accuracy of News

As social beings, we are expected to be aware of what is going on around us. We must be
updated with information and events that one way or the other will affect us as members of the
community. One of the ways to be informed is through watching news programs. However, as
viewers, we have to assess the truthfulness and the accuracy of the news that we are watching.
Here are some guide questions/steps that we can use to determine the legitimacy of the news
that are being presented to us.
1. What is the biggest news or headline of the news program?
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2. Summarize the news using the five Ws and the H. Who?, What?, Where?, When?, Why?,
How?
3. How are the facts utilized in the news?
A. Are they arranged from the most important to the least important or vice versa?
B. Are the facts presented valid?
C. Are the sources of the facts presented reliable?
D. Are both sides of the story presented?
4. How is the news reported?
A. Does the newscaster/reporter make use of the active voice of the verb?
B. В. Is the choice of words appropriate, varied, and balanced?
C. Does the newscaster/reporter present the news in an interesting manner? Does the
presentation contribute to the reliability of the news presented or reported?
C. ACTIVITY
 Watch a News Program on television or from the Internet. Determine the truthfulness and
the accuracy of the news presented using the given guide questions or steps. Refer to the
Table below.
News Headline:
Step 01:
Step 02
Who:
What:
Where:
When:
Why:
How:
Step 03
A.
B.
C.
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D.
Step 04
A.
B.
C.
 ENRICHMENT
How can Kinds of Television Programs help us in our daily lives? Explain it by filling in the
bubble below.
 KWL CHART
16
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
LESSON 3
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
 EXPLORE
Study the picture below and answer the following questions.
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Source: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fworldenglishblog.com%2Fuse-
the-passive-voice-in-english-20-realexamples
%2F&psig=AOvVaw1evsV8Sl7aVKnK_k2UX2X&ust=1593930459886000&source=images&cd=
vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCJDS4u77suoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
Questions to Answer
1. What can you say about the sentences presented in the picture?
_____________________________________________________________________.
2. What makes the two sentences different from one another?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
3. What do think that the two sentences shows the same meaning even if they have different
composition? Explain why.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
GRAMMAR AWARENESS
A. DISCUSSION
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Passive and Active Construction
Sentences in active voice are easier to understand than those in the passive voice. Active volce
construction indicates clearly the performer of the action expressed in the verb. In addition, the
active voice often results in a more concise sentence.
On the other hand, the passive voice construction is more useful when you do not want to call
attention to the doer; when the doer is obvious, unimportant or unknown.
ACTIVE:
The two students in the library helped the teacher in arranging the books in the shelf.
The soldiers save the people caught in the crossfire.
Our parents and teachers taught us good manners.
The sentences above indicate that the subjects are the doer of the action.
PASSIVE:
The teacher was helped by the two students in the library in arranging the books in the shelf.
The people caught in the crossfire were saved by the soldiers.
We were taught good manners by our parents and teachers.
The passive voice construction usually makes use of verb phrase. The helping verb in the said
verb phrase follows the tense of the verb in the active voice. What used to be the subject in the
active voice becomes the object of the preposition BY the moment the said sentence is
converted into the passive voice.
Active and Passive Construction

You must have probably learned in the past that sentences in the active voice are easier to
understand than those in the passive voice.
The subject performs the action denoted by the verb in the ACTIVE voice, while the subject is
being acted upon by the verb in the PASSIVE VOICE.
Take a look at the sentences below.
The students completed their projects on time. (ACTIVE)
VS.
Their projects were completed by the students on time. (PASSIVE)
VS.
Their projects were completed by the students on time. (PASSIVE)
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The first sentence shows that the students performed the PAST action - completed. The second
sentence which uses the passive construction as the main verb COMPLETED has been
converted into a verb-phrase - were completed.
What used to be the subject in the first sentence has become the object of the preposition BY.
Knowledge of active and passive voice is important especially in writing an organized
composition. One of the elements of unity in writing is UNITY of VOICE. It simply means that if
you have started your statement in the active voice, you must not shift the voice you are using.
Read the examples below.
My cousin, Henry, enjoyed reading “The God Stealer". F. Sionil Jose wrote the short story, and
it won a Carlos Palanca Award for Literature in 1959. Philipp Latak and Sam Christie led the list
of characters for this beautiful short story.
ALL SENTENCES are in the ACTIVE VOICE.
Martial Law was declared by then Philippine President Ferdinand Edralin Marcos via
Presidential Decree 1081, signed on 21 September 1972. The nationwide announcement was
made on national broadcast by the President himself on 23 September 1972. One of the strict
measures enforced by
PD 1081 to curtail unrest was the observance of curfew hours from 12 midnight to 4 o'clock in
the morning.
ALL SENTENCES are in the PASSIVE VOICE.
EXERCISE A
Write A if the sentence is in the active voice, and P if it is in the passive voice.
_____1. I visit my grandparents every week.
_____2. Dinner was usually eaten with the whole family.
_____3. Jake and Jack were asked to clean the pond near their place.
_____4. All the boys in the family play either basketball or soccer.
_____5. Dad provides our needs as family.
_____6. Parents should send their children to school to have proper education
_____7. Parents should be loved by their children.
_____8. Gem treasures her friendship with Dianna.
_____9. Our religious leaders urge us to be more charitable to our needy brothers and
sisters.
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_____10. Taxes are promptly paid by the employees and employers.
EXERCISE B
Convert the active voice construction into the passive voice construction or vice versa
1. Enzo has already written a novel
______________________________________________________________________
2. Some suggestions were offered by the members to patch things up.
______________________________________________________________________
3. The Philippine Military Academy accepted the three candidates from our school.
______________________________________________________________________
4. A new guidelines for the grading system is now implemented.
______________________________________________________________________
5. His candidacy as president of the Supreme Student Council was endorsed by his Classmates
and friends.
______________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE C.
Identify the voice of the verb used in the sentences of the news.
Death toll in Itogon landslide reaches 45
_________1. The death toll in the landslide in Itogon, Benguet has reached 45 as of
Sunday noon, GMA News' Saleema Refran said in a Balitanghali report on Sunday.
_________2. Three bodies have been pulled out from the landslide area on Sunday morning.
_________3. The retrieval operations resumed as early as 8 a.m. while some residents
continued to evacuate to safer grounds.
_________4. Locals of the area also performed a ritual to pray for the retrieval of the missing
bodies which, according to the report, still counts to 23.
_________5. By Sunday noon, some of the evacuation centers in schools would be closed to
make way for the resumption of classes on Monday.
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_________6. Aside from benefits given through the Balik-Probinsya Program, affected residents
were also offered assistance by the Diocese of Baguio in order from them to rent temporary
shelters for six months.
_________7. Itogon Mayor Victorio Palangdan said the local government will put up a
rehabilitation program for residents of Barangay Ucab and others who were affected by the
landslide.
_________8. Aside from this, Palangdan said they have received reports of looting in houses
left by displaced residents.
_________9. Because of this, the mayor said they have beefed up security forces in the area.
- Erwin Colcol/KG, GMA News
C. ACTIVITY
Go over the given paragraph. Convert passive construction into active sentences. Use the
spaces provided.
 Tribal chiefs were elected by the warrior class. This class also declared war, ordered
migrations, shared booty. The Germans had no written laws and judges. Whoever had a
wrong done to him had the right to personal revenge. And the blood feuds, which arose,
could be passed on from father to son. Disputes could also be settled by payment of an
amount considered to be appropriate to the offense involved.
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
 ENRICHMENT
Directions: make a Venn diagram below to highlight the differences and similarities between
Active and Passive Voice.
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 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
LESSON 4
23
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
 EXPLORE
 The picture shows one of the culture of Filipinos which is bayanihan, do you think it is still
present in this modern time? Explain.
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___________________________________________________________________.
 What do you think are other ways to see this kind of culture? Explain.
____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
GRAMMAR AWARENESS
A. DISCUSSION
PAST AND PAST PERFECT TENSE
The PAST and PAST PERFECT tenses are both used to talk about events that happened in the
past.
The past tense is used to indicate an action started and completed at a definite time in the past.
The past form of the verb is used.
Austin fed Coffee, his pet.
They submitted their manuscripts a little late.
Jennifer and Colene cooked pasta for dinner.
The past perfect tense is used to talk about something that happened before another past
action. The 2nd past action is usually in the simple past tense.
They had checked on the garage before they called out his name.
Before he arrived at the bus stop, Bus Number 3 had already left.
The past participle is also used to talk about the past in conditions, hypotheses, and wishes.
I wish I had come earlier.
Vincent would have helped Jennifer if she had asked.
B. EXERCISES
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Given are sentences using the simple past. Attached another sentence using the past perfect
tense
1. The reporters trooped to the area.
______________________________________________________________________
2. One journalist interviewed her.
______________________________________________________________________
3. The hotel manager called for a press conference,
______________________________________________________________________
DISCUSSION
THE SIMPLE AND PROGRESSIVE TENSES
Verbs have tenses. Tenses refer to the form of verb that shows time of action or state of being,
Consider the charts below.
1. PRESENT
SIMPLE PROGRESSIVE EMPHATIC

(Singular) I write am writing do write
You writes are writing do write
He, She, It write is writing does write
(Plural) We write are writing do write
You write are writing do write
They write are writing do write
Notice that the simple present tense uses the base form of the verb, except in the 3rd person
singular where the s-form of the verb is used. The present progressive tense, on the other hand,
uses the present form of the be-verb plus the -ing form of the main verb. As the term
progressive implies, the action in this tense is in progress. The emphatic tense is used for a
special purpose, which is to emphasize and/or intensify the action. The helping verb do
conjugated to correspond with the first, second, and third person forms of the personal pronoun.
2. PAST
SIMPLE PROGRESSIVE EMPHATIC

(Singular) I wrote am writing did write
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You wrote were writing did write
He, She, It wrote was writing did write
(Plural) We wrote were writing did write
You wrote were writing did write
They wrote were writing did write
The simple past tense takes the past form of the verb WRITE. Since it is an irregular verb, its
past is formed in a special way. The past progressive, like the present progressive, uses the
-ing form of the verb. However, the helping be-verb uses the past form (was/were). The past
emphatic likewise uses the past form of the verb do (did).
3. FUTURE
SIMPLE PROGRESSIVE
SIMPLE PROGRESSIVE
(Singular) I Shall/Will write Shall/will writing
You Will write will writing

He, She, It Will write will writing
(Plural) We Shall/Will write Shall/will writing
You Will write will writing

They Will write will writing
The simple future tense indicates action that will happen tomorrow or any time in the future. The
simple future uses the helping verbs shall/will plus the base form of the main verb. The future
progressive uses shall will plus be plus the-ing form of the main verb.
EXERCISE A
Underline the verb in each sentence, then identify the tense.
_________1. This morning, I woke up rather early.
_________2. Tintend to go to school before 8 o'clock.
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_________3. I shall be attending a meeting at the Board Room.
_________4. The secretary did inform me of the venue of the meeting.
_________5. The meeting will start at 9 o'clock.
_________6. We shall be attending first the morning assembly.
_________7. Representatives from other offices are also coming.
_________8. The President's secretary is checking the attendance.
_________9. The canteen staff will serve snacks.
_________10. The President does expect a 100% attendance.
The Perfect Tenses

Another group of the tenses of verbs is the perfect tense. The perfect tenses also assume three
The past perfect tense is formed by adding the past participle of the main verb to had.
Example 1: TO PLAY
I Had played We Had played
You Had played You Had played

He, She, It Had played They Had played
Example 2: TO WRITE
I Had written We Had written
You Had written You Had written

He, She, It Had written They Had written
The present perfect tense is formed by adding the past participle to either have or has.
Example 1: TO RECITE
I Have recited We Have recited
You Have recited You Have recited

He, She, It Has recited They Have recited
28
Example 2: TO BREAK
I have broken We have broken
You have broken You have broken

He, She, It Has broken They have broken
The future perfect tense is formed by adding the past participle to will/shall +have.
Sample 1: TO WALK
I shall have walked We shall have walked
You will have walked You will have walked

He, She, It will have walked They will have walked
Example 2: TO FLY
I shall have flown We shall have flown
You will have flown You will have flown

He, She, It will have flown They will have flown
Take note of how the simple tenses are related to the perfect tenses.
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

existing or happening in the existing or happening now existing or existing or
past happening in the future
PAST PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT FUTURE PERFECT
existing or happening existing or happening existing or happening
before a specific time in in sometime before now before a specific time in
the past the future
Just like the simple tenses, the perfect tenses also assume CONTINUOUS forms. The present
perfect continuous tense is used to indicate an action that began in the past and still continuing.
The past perfect continuous tense is used to show an action going on in the past when
something else happened.
They are formed thus,
29
Present perfect continuous: has/have + been +-ing form of the verb
has/have been leaving
Past perfect continuous: had + been + -ing form of the verb
had been playing
Examples:
Past : lan left the Philippines last year.
Past Perfect: : lan had left the Philippines before he passed the bar exam.
Past Perfect Continuous: lan had been leaving the country when the war in the Middle East
broke out.
Past : Annabelle edited the paper two nights ago.
Past Perfect: : Annabelle had edited the paper before she got a call from
the publisher.
Past Perfect Continuous: Annabelle had been editing the paper when she received the
draft of the second issue.
Present: She attends the meeting.
Present Perfect: She has already attended three meetings with the board.
Present Perfect Continuous: She has been attending the meeting since 8:30 in the
morning
Present : The children inform their parents of the Parents-Teachers

Conference.
Present Perfect : The children have just informed their parents of the
Parents-Teachers Conference.
Present Perfect Continuous: The children have been informing their parents of the
Parents-Teachers Conference since last week.
Future : Malou will inform the principal of her intention to hold

makeup classes.
30
Future Perfect : Malou will have informed the principal of her intention to hold
makeup classes by 12 noon tomorrow.
Future : I shall finish the second book in January.
Future Perfect : I shall have finished the second book by January 15, 2010.
EXERCISE C
Write the form of the verb as indicated.
1. I ________________ (collect-present perfect continuous) stationeries since I was in grade

school.
2. Harold ______________ (sing-present perfect continuous for more than two hours.
3. Mary ________________ (cook-past perfect continuous) pasta when Mother told her to bake
a cake instead
4. Arcee said that John _______________ (run-past perfect continuous) across the field
5. My grandfather ________________ (snore past perfect continuous) when a noise woke him
up.
 ACTIVITY
Fill in the blanks in the correct tense of verb.
1. On December 30, the entire clan _______________________(celebrate-future) my

grandparents 60" wedding anniversary.
2. Some relatives from abroad and the provinces________________(arrive-future) at least a

week before the grand celebration.
3-4. December 30 ______________________ (be present) a very special day indeed

because_________________________ (coincide-present) with my nephew Raphael's 7th
birthday
5. Anton__________________ (be-present), so far, the youngest member of the clan.
6 He ________________ (be-present) the only son of my brother.
31
7 Aunt Rosita, my grandparents' oldest daughter, along with her family _______________
(arrive future) from New Jersey on December 23.
8-9. Glenn, my cousin who _________________ (work present) with Singapore Airlines
__________________ (come-future) home on December 24 Logether with his new Australian
wife.
10-11. My sister Criselda and her husband who ______________ (be-present) both based in
Saudi Arabia ________________ (be-present)so excited to show everyone their new daughter,
Fillize Martha.
12-13. The other children of my grandparents all _______________ (come-future) home from
Canada, England and Spain and ________________ (stay-future) here for two months.
14. My parents and I ______________ (sit-present perfect) down, along with my other cousins
and siblings for the planning and details of the grand celebration on December
15. My family _____________________ (attend-past) the healing Mass held at the
Don Bosco Parish.
ACTIVITY B
Write the correct verb form Watch out for cues and clues in the sentences
1. Has Anne _____________________ (leave) for school yet?
2. I have never _____________________ (win) any scrabble game lately,
3. The new governor has never _____________________ (hold) public office before.
4 Since Denise got her driver's license, her parents have often _____________________ (let)
her drive the family van
5. Ian and Ivan have __________________ (keep) all their weekly tests in Basic Math
6. Have you __________________ (send) Anthony a congratulatory note?
7. Has Rocky __________________ (lead) an orchestra before?
8. Yesterday, I __________________ (catch) some freshwater bass.
32
9. The red car was __________________ (sell) just before another agent called.
10. Connie __________________ (buy) five crates of grapes
 ENRICHMENT
Recall the best summer vacation that you have spent with your family or friends. Use the
Thinking Box below.
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
33
LESSON 5
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
 EXPLORE
Differentiate what the two girls on the picture said
34
Source: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slideshare.net
%2FRick41%2Freported-
speech93777866&psig=AOvVaw2OrKeO2MHr3rcUFdb2cgbc&ust=1593948588241000&source
=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqwoTCNCup4PAs-oCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
Questions to Answer
1. What can you say about the sentences presented in the picture?
_____________________________________________________________________.
2. What makes the two sentences different from one another?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
3. What do think that the two sentences shows the same meaning even if they have different
composition? Explain why.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
GRAMMAR AWARENESS
A. DISCUSSION
Direct and Reported Speech
35
There are occasions when the exact words of the speaker make a paragraph or a composition
more effective. It is quite difficult sometimes to convey the same idea and feeling the speaker
had as he or she spoke a particular line. This is the very reason why the exact words are to be
used.
The exact words of the speaker is referred to as direct speech because the precise words are
written down, and are placed within quotation marks. However, sometimes when his or her
words can be faithfully expressed in another statement this construction is now referred to as
reported speech.
Direct Speech: "He has all the reasons to feel happy abouth himself"
Mrs. Estrella said. or
Mrs. Estrella said, "He has all the reasons to feel happy about himself."
Reported Speech: Mrs. Estrella said he had all the reasons to feel happy about himself.
Direct Speech: Jed told Marlyn, "We shall leave Davao soon."
Reported Speech: Jed told Marlyn that they would be leaving Davao soon.
Notice that while the exact words of the speaker are in the present tense or future tense, the
tense shifted to past in the indirect speech since the first verb is in the past tense.
In cases when the direct quotation is expressing a fact, an absolute truth, a maxim, the second
verb will not follow the tense of the first verb.
Direct Speech: Mrs. Estrella kept saying, "Honesty is the best policy."
Reported Speech: Mrs. Estrella kept saying that honesty is the best policy.
Direct Speech: Nica said, "The world is round"
Reported Speech: Nica said that the world is round.
B. EXERCISE
A. Rewrite and punctuate correctly any direct speech.
1. The proposal was not accepted by the board Milagros pointed out.
36
______________________________________________________________________
2. John agreed that it was perfectly acceptable.
______________________________________________________________________
3. This is my youngest sister Lesvie said.
______________________________________________________________________
4. Jennifer announced I am finally here.
______________________________________________________________________
5. Let us begin Mrs. Ignacio told the group.
6. The speaker concluded by saying that teachers shape the nation.
______________________________________________________________________
7. Mother told John I have no idea.
______________________________________________________________________
8. I have a dream I said.
______________________________________________________________________
9. The teacher told her students to start witing ber short story
______________________________________________________________________
10. We were told to come on time
______________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE B. Transform the direct speech into reported speech and vice versa,
1. Maria told her parents,"lan is coming home
______________________________________________________________________
37
2 Sarn pointed out, "Ram's suggestion is not feasible!
______________________________________________________________________
3. They told me to report to the office at once.
______________________________________________________________________
4. Rama said, "We shall vanquish all intruders."
______________________________________________________________________
5. He said that the project would be a great help.
______________________________________________________________________
When questions are in direct speech, the same rule on unity of tense is applied.
Take a look at these examples.
Direct Speech: Gerry asked, "Who is next?"
Reported Speech: Gerry asked who was next.
Direct Speech: Sean asked, "Where is the new puppy?"
Reported Speech: Sean asked where the new puppy was.
C. ACTIVITY
Convert the following into reported speech.
1. He inquired, "Where is the office of the school director?"
______________________________________________________________________
2. Joseph asked, "When will the periodical exams be?"
______________________________________________________________________
3. Wendy asked, "Why are you sad?"
______________________________________________________________________
4. Dilton asked Archie, “Did you see Ronnie and Betty?"
38
______________________________________________________________________
5. Joanna asked, “What is your name?"
______________________________________________________________________
6. He inquired, "Did he call you up last night?"
______________________________________________________________________
7. Anthony asked, "Rey, are you all right?"
______________________________________________________________________
8. Janet asked, "When are you coming back?"
______________________________________________________________________
 ENRICHMENT
Change the following conversations in the comic strip into direct speech. Use the space
provided for your answer.
COMIC STRIP
39
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
LESSON 6
 KWL CHART
40
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
 EXPLORE
Make three sentence out of this phrase: at the mall
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR AWARENESS
A. DISCUSSION
PHRASE MODIFIERS
Phrases are group of words that can function as modifiers. Phrase modifiers are derived from
prepositional phrases, infinitive phrases, and participial phrases. They may either function as
adjectives or adverbs.
Prepositional Phrases Infinitive Phrases Participial Phrases

under the tree to dance ballet produced by Mr. M
beside the red car to live happily written by Tricia
from Russia babu to teach abroad damaging many houses
41
to the nearest drugstore to suit the crowd serving several clients
Take note of how these phrases are used in sentences.
A Prepositional Phrases
As adjectives
 The puppy under the tree is Uncle Jong's birthday gift

(Under the tree is describing the puppy.)
 The big jar beside the red car is an antique piece from the family's old mansion in Vigan.
(Beside the red car is modifying the jar; from the family's old mansion is modifying the piece; in
Vigan is describing mansion.)
 We welcomed our guests from Russia.

(From Russia is describing the guests.)
 The easiest way to the nearest drugstore is through the big mall.
(To the nearest drugstore and through the big mall tell something about the easiest way.)
As adverbs
 We lay down lazily under the tree the whole day.
(Under the tree tells where we lay down the whole day.)
 I parked my motorcycle beside the red car.
(Beside the red car points out where I parked my motorcycle.)
 Brian traveled from Zimbabwe late afternoon yesterday.
(From Zimbabwe tells where Brian traveled from.)
 She hurried to the nearest drugstore to get her father's pill for hypertension.
(To the nearest drugstore points out where she went.)
B. Infinitive Phrases
As adjectives
 It has always been her dream to dance ballet with that European ballet company.
42
(To dance ballet tells about her dream, which is a noun.)
 It is every person's desire to live happily with his or her loved ones.
(To live happily modifies the person's desire.)
 Pamela's plan to teach abroad will proceed as scheduled.
(To teach abroad modifies Pamela's plan.)
 The music and dance moves to satisfy the crowd must be included in the program.
(To satisfy the crowd tells about the music and dance moves.)
As adverbs
 Maria dances ballet to improve her motor skills.
(To improve her motor skills tells why Maria dances ballet.)
 Pamela teaches abroad to augment the family's income.
(To augment the family's income tells why Pamela teaches abroad.)
 It feels good to help the needy.
(To help the needy tells why it feels good.
C. Participial Phrases
Participial phrases ONLY function as adjective phrases.
 The show produced by Mr. M was a huge success.
(Produced by Mr. M describes the show.)
 The winning script written by Tricia will be made into a movie.
(Written by Tricia describes the winning script.)
 Damaging many houses, the typhoon lashed over the tiny island of Batang.
43
(Damaging many houses describes the typhoon.)
 The volunteer lawyers serving several clients are from my father's law firm.
(Serving several clients describes the volunteer lawyers.)
B. EXERCISE
A. Underline the prepositional, infinitive, and/or participial phrase in each of the sentences.
1. Reading in the library, I was able to gather enough information.
2. The log cabin beyond the river belongs to an American war veteran
3. We waited for Mother at Aunt Roxy's Bakeshop.
4. I want to dream big.
5. Nina and Jackie will join the trip to Singapore in summer.
6. We waited for the arrival of our guests for the writing workshop.
7. Leaning against the wall, Mark patiently waited for his classmates.
8. Angelo and Gianna both want to be nurses.
9. The damaged cargo box from Chile was delivered to the president's office.
10. The concert pianist, proudly acknowledging the applause of the audience, gave an encore
11. Marjorie took the bus at the nearest pickup point.
12. Her greatest dream-to see South Korea-will soon come true.
13. The last leaf hanging on the branch is just painted on.
14. Rexy drove her children to the ice-cream parlor in the village.
15. Cesario met Felix at the intersection.
EXERCISE B
Encircle the phrase modifier, and identify its kind.
____________1. I waited for my friend in front of the church.
44
____________2. We needed to see each other because another friends ours needs help
____________3. I and Miguel tried our best to help our friend.
____________4. We visited our friend's house near the bridge
____________5. We bought some grocery items and used clothes for and his family.
C. ACTIVITY
Write a sentence for each of the given phrases.
1. leaving early
_____________________________________________________________________.
2.with Harold and Liza
_____________________________________________________________________.
3. to review
_____________________________________________________________________.
4. beside the new principal
_____________________________________________________________________.
5. fighting till the last round
_____________________________________________________________________.
6. studying seriously
_____________________________________________________________________.
7. waiting patiently for the results
_____________________________________________________________________.
8. to win the championship
_____________________________________________________________________.
9. beyond this point
45
_____________________________________________________________________.
10. in a long black gown
_____________________________________________________________________.
 ENRICHMENT
Make a Slogan regarding: Student Discipline or Saving the Environment. Use the space
below.
_______________________________________________________________
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
LESSON 7
 KWL CHART
46
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
 EXPLORE
Make 5 Description of yourself in a complete sentence. Use the space below.
1. __________________________________________________________.
2. __________________________________________________________.
3. __________________________________________________________.
4. __________________________________________________________.
5. __________________________________________________________.
GRAMMAR AWARENESS
A. DISCUSSION
Kinds of Sentences According to Structure
47
There are two ways of classifying sentences. One is according to functions-declarative
imperative interrogative and exclamatory, and the other one is according to structure-simple
compound, complex, and compound-complex.
The latter is determined by the number of clauses and the kinds of clauses they contain.
A CLAUSE is a group of words that contain a verb and its subject. It is used as a part of a
sentence. A clause may be independent or dependent. An independent clause, also known as
main clause, expresses a complete thought. It can stand alone, thus, it can be a sentence. A
dependent clause, otherwise known as subordinate clause does not express a complete idea. It
cannot stand alone, and its meaning can only be completed if attached to an independent
clause.
Examples:
Independent Clauses
I woke up late.
My younger sister is a professional stage actress.
I have had sleepless nights.
We shall have it altered.
Dependent Clauses
Because I failed to set my alarm clock

Who graduated from the state university
Since the day we met
If the dress is too long
Study the following:
I woke up late (because I failed to set my alarm clock).
My younger sister, (who graduated from the state university), is a professional stage actress.
I have had sleepless nights (since the day we met).
Ulf the dress is too long), we shall have it altered.
48
There are four basic sentence structures-simple, compound, complex, and compound- complex.
All these structures contain clauses, either independent or dependent.
The Simple Sentence
A simple sentence contains one independent clause. It may use the following patterns:
1. SS-SP (Simple Subject - Simple Predicate)
Gay is the sister of Joy.

SS SP
2. CS-SP (Compound Subject - Simple Predicate)
Raphael and Gabriel go to the same school.

CS SP
3. SS-CP (Simple Subject - Compound Predicate)
Dang, Nico's sister, acts and dances in the recent production of the Theater Guild.
SS CP
4. CS-CP (Compound Subject - Compound Predicate)
Noel and Arnel go to the same school, and attend the same classes.
CS CP
B. EXERCISE
A. All the sentences below are simple sentences. Determine the pattern used. Write you’re
answer on the space provided.
_____________1. Ben had the opportunity to visit his grandparents in Viga
_____________2. He mowed the lawn and fixed the fence.
_____________3. Father and Mother left the house early this morning.
_____________4. My sister Kimberly sang and danced.
49
_____________5. The teachers and the students met and discussed the upcoming
seminar.
_____________6. Ambeth Ocampo wrote "Rizal Without the Overcoat."
_____________7. The mother searched for her child.
_____________8. Susan read "Voices of Silence" and wrote a reaction paper
_____________9. Hot chocolate goes well with churros.
_____________10. Sampaguita is the national flower of the Philippines
The Compound Sentence
A compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses. These clauses are joined by
coordinating conjunctions like and, but for, nor, or, so, yet. Sometimes, a semicolon (s) is used
to join independent clauses.
Examples:
"I came; I saw: I conquered."-Julius Caesar

1st IC 2nd IC 3rd IC
(You) Take it or (You) leave it.

1st IC 2nd IC
Louise wrote a fable, and Mila read it to class.

1st IC Conj. 2nd IC
EXERCISE B
There are ten sets of independent clauses below. Put them together to form a compound
sentence by using any of the coordinating conjunctions in the box
Or But For And, Nor
1. The freshmen did not watch the start of the race___________did they witness the victory of
the first year team.
2. You may write your composition neatly___________you may type it.
50
3. I came early___________she was not home.
4. Frank cooked spaghetti___________James baked bread.
5. Your claim will not be processed___________your documents are not complete
6. Call me after you get home___________text me.
7. I am so full___________I would like to taste your spaghetti.
8. Either Jeam___________Brian will head out tonight.
9. Do not forget your passport___________ticket before you leave your place.
10. I can't go to the party___________I am too sick right now.
EXERCISE C
Underline twice the independent clauses, and circle the coordinators or the punctuation marks
that join them.
1. Joseph and Francis arrived on time, but Dennis was late.
2. The Philippines has more than 7 100 islands, yet not all of them are identified.
3. Vic's favorite music is jazz, and Bong enjoys pop.
4. lan tried to be at the station on time, but he still missed the train.
5. Should I drive the pickup truck or should I take the motorcycle?
6. Either Carina directs the show, or she takes care of the lights and sounds.
7. The prices of prime commodities have all gone up, but electricity charges have remained low.
8. Seven first year students from our school joined the Art Contest last month, and five of them
qualified for the finals.
9. Jonathan's argument is weak, for he has no proof to substantiate his claim.
10. The roads to my hometown are generally cemented, but the few bridges are still rusty
The Complex Sentence
51
The complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
The dependent clause is either an adjective clause or an adverb clause. The clause may appear
at the beginning, middle, or end of the sentence.
Example:
Independent Clause : Jane took up law
Dependent Clause : When her brother finished medicine
Complex Sentence : Jane took up law when her brother finished medicine.
The girl (who introduced the University President) is Carissa.

IC DC IC
(Before we begin the class), let us have first a short prayer.

DC IC
EXERCISE D
Enclose in parentheses the dependent clause, and underline twice the independent clause.
1. If you like, you may wait for the principal.
2. After she has won the regional competition, Nemia went on to the national finals.
3. The television station that the freshmen visited is the top network of the country.
4. The jury gave the verdict after the last witness has given her testimony.
5. Since he left his family, Arthur still maintained communications with his daughter
6. When Lalaine celebrated her birthday last month, she invited all her classmates.
7. Ivy prepared the sandwiches, while Glenda served the juice.
8. Because my teacher told us to prepare for the long exam, I studied all the lessons the whole
night.
52
9. Irma checked the room where Mathilda stayed for two days.
10. You may stay here if you like.
EXERCISE E
Supply either a dependent clause or an independent clause to complete a complex sentence.
1. I woke up early _______________________________________________________.
2. They took the bus ____________________________________________________.
3. Although mathematics is my favorite subject, _______________________________.
4. The baby cried _______________________________________________________.
5. Since the day we met _________________________________________________.
6. I can't sleep _________________________________________________________.
7. _________________________________________, because my mother said so.
8. Alice made me these dresses __________________________________________.
9. I am so excited _______________________________________________________.
10. _______________________________________________________.made me sad.
C. ACTIVTY
Direction: Write a sentence using the structure indicated.
1. COMPOUND (Using OR as a Coordinator)
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
2. SIMPLE (SS-CP)
53
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
3. COMPLEX
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
4. COMPOUND
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
5. SIMPLE (SS-SP)
 _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
6. COMPOUND (Using AND as a coordinator)
 _________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
7. SIMPLE (CS-SP)
 _________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
8. SIMPLE (CS-CP)
 _________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
9. COMPOUND (Using BUT as a Coordinator)
 _________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
10. COMPLEX
54
 _________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
 ENRICHMENT
Give a short description for each of the terms inside the hexagons.
CLAUSE
___________________
___________________
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE ___________________
DEPENDENT CLAUSE
___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ SENTENCES ___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
SIMPLE SENTENCE ___________________ COMPLEX SENTENCES
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ ___________________
___________________ COMPOUND SENTENCES ___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
 KWL CHART
55
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
LESSON 8
 KWL CHART
K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
56
 EXPLORE
“While your blanket is short, Endure crouching under it.”
What can you say about the proverb? Does it have any realistic value? Explain why.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
READING COMPREHENSION
A. DISCUSSION
Purpose of Reading
One's purpose in reading determines the method, the style, and the level of attention that one
has to use while engaging in it. Whatever purpose one has, it influences his or her attitude
towards reading,
There are several types of reading that one can employ based on his or her purpose.
1. Reading for Enjoyment
It is also known as light reading. A reader takes pleasure in reading for it requires minimal
effort and little concentration. Magazines, novels, and fiction stories are examples of reading
materials intended for this type.
2. Exploratory Reading
It is also known as skimming. It is used to preread the reading material know what the topic is
all about. You skim when you are quickly looking for the general idea of the subject matter. You
do this by running your eye down the page. If you are faced with longer texts, you may check
the opening and closing paragraphs as well as the introductions and summaries.
3. Search Reading
It is also known as scanning. It is used to locate a specific idea, information, or topic, The
reader looks for clues that direct him or her to the specific idea or topic that he or she is looking
for. When you scan, you make use of the index and table of contents of the book. Scanning
means running your eye over the text while looking out for specific keywords relevant to what
you are searching for. One example of this type is finding the meaning of a word in a dictionary.
57
For example, you want to find out how to cook a specific recipe, then go to the table of contents
and try to look for the page of that recipe that you are looking for.
4. Critical Reading
It is used to assess, evaluate, or critique ideas found in the reading material. It requires full
concentration on the part of the reader by focusing on even the minute details.
5. Proofreading
It is used to correct errors in grammar, punctuations, and other details in the preparation of any
written materials.
B. EXERCISE
Identify the type of reading that can be used in the following situations.
_________________1. Daniel, who wants to talk to his friend, looks for the telephone
number in the yellow pages.
_________________2. Vanessa is doing some final touches on her research paper,

which will be submitted the following day.
_________________3. My dad wants to know the content of the book that he intends to
buy
_________________4. Amiel likes the books of Mitch Albom, and he is reading it right
now.
_________________5. We are asked to analyze at least one novel every quarter of the
school year.
_________________6. The teacher requires the students to check the agreement

between the subject and the verb of their journals.
_________________6. We went to the library to look for some reading materials that
can be used for our book report.
_________________8. Mr. Miguel Gamo, an English teacher, closely examines the

book before he gives his recommendation.
_________________9. If you want to know the latest craze in sports, just read the
newest magazine in town.
58
_________________10. The students find it hard to locate the meaning of unfamiliar
words in the text.
C. ACTIVITY
A. Look at the TV schedule below. By scanning and looking for important information, N answer
the questions that will follow.
Star World
6:00 p.m. : National News - daily news roundup
6:30 p.m. : The Young Chefs - young chefs join culinary masters in cooking
7:00 p.m. : PBA - watch highlights from today's final round of basketballclo
8:30 p.m. : Maid in Manhattan - this entertaining film with Jennifer Lopez shows the life
of a hotel employee
10:30 p.m. : Night News - a review of the day's most important events
News Channel
10:30 p.m. : Night News - a review of the day's most important events
6:00 p.m. :In-Depth News - in-depth coverage of the most important national and
international news stories
7:00 p.m. : Debate - interesting debate about policies and issues
7:30 p.m. : Sports Unlimited - live coverage from different sports
9:30 p.m. : Name that Current Event Game – this favorite game show could make or
break you depending on how you know about the current events
10:30 p.m. : Late Night News - get the news you need to get a hard start on the upcoming day
Cartoon Channel
6:00 p.m. : Transformers - experience the adventure with the good guys
6:30 p.m. : The Flinstones - Fred and Barney are at it again
7:00 p.m. :X-men - revisit where it all started
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9:00 p.m. : Tracking the Beast - the little understood wild beast filmed in its natural
surroundings with commentary
Questions:
1. How many times can you watch a news program at 10:30 p.m.?
 __________________________________________________________________.
2. If you want to watch the highlights in the final round of basketball, what channel will you look
for and what program will you watch?
 __________________________________________________________________.
3. Is there a news program at 6:00 p.m.? How many? What are the titles?
 __________________________________________________________________.
4. You want to watch the X-men to compare it to the movie that you watched earlier. What
channel will you look for? What time?
 __________________________________________________________________.
5. What TV program should you watch if you want to watch the young chefs join culinary
masters in cooking?
 __________________________________________________________________.
 ENRICHMENT
Recall a famous legend or folktale that you have read. Explain why you enjoyed reading it.
TITLE:__________________________________________________________
 KWL CHART
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K W L
Know Wonder Learn
the topic the topic
POST ASSESSMENT
61
1. I ate a piece of chocolate cake.
A. active
B. passive
C. Direct
D. Reported
2. The librarian read the book to the students.
A. active
B. passive
C. Direct
D. Reported
3. The money was stolen.
A. active
B. passive
C. Direct
D. Reported
4. When Airi _______ at school, she realized she _______ her textbook.
A. Had arrived, forgot
B. Arrived, had forgotten
C. Forgot, had arrived
D. Had forgotten, arrived
5. When I _______ the new teacher, I was so surprised. I _______ his class before!
A. Met, had taken
B. Had met, took
C. Had taken, met
D. Took, had met
6. Fraser _______ sushi before he _______ to Japan.

A. Never ate, had come
B. Came, had never eaten
C. Had come, never ate
D. Had never eaten, came
7. How do we write the following in direct speech? Kelly said I am feeling sick today.
A. Kelly said "I am feeling sick today."Kelly said, "I am feeling sick today".
B. Kelly said, "I am feeling sick today."
C. Kelly said, "I am feeling sick today?
8. Which of the following sentences is correct?

A. Mai said, "My family is going to the market today."
B. "We want candy!" The children shouted.
C. "I told you not to go there." My father said.
D. Chloe asked, "where is my timetable?"
9. Which of these is correct?
62
A. "Could you help me carry these bags?" He asked.
B. "Could you help me carry these bags?" he asked.
C. "Could you help me carry these bags" he asked?"
D. Could you help me carry these bags," he asked?
10. A simple sentence consists of

A. one independent thought
B. one independent clause
C. a subordinating conjunction
D. a dependent clause
11. Which is a compound sentence?

A. I like him
B. I like walking on the beach with my dog.
C. I like walking but my dog likes running.
D. because he’s funny
12. Which is a complex sentence?

A. I like walking on the beach with my dog.
B. I like walking but my dog likes running.
C. I was late because I missed my train.
D. We got up late so I missed my train.
13. Which of the following is an adjective phrase?

A. A girl smarter than me
B. As the cat watched
C. Under the sea
D. She wants to be a dancer
14. Which of the following is a prepositional phrase?

A. John might eat the pizza
B. Like a beautiful swan
C. My home is near the mountains
D. To understand better
With a deep sigh, Dulce drifted towards the window. In the fading light she could barely see
the figure riding up the path. As soon as he sprang from his horse and strode to the front
door, Dulce knew it was Lance. Quickly she thrust the letter she had been reading into her
dress pocket. The door to the drawing room swung open. “What have you done with our
son?” Lance bellowed, his face distorted with rage. “He is in a safe place,” Dulce replied, and
with a sudden movement, she yanked at the bell cord to summon the servant.
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15. From the passage, it could be implied that
A. Dulce and Lance are having disagreement over their son.
B. Dulce favors her son’s action.
C. Lance doesn’t approve of his wife’s decision.
D. All of the above
16. The author of the passage wants us to think that ______.

A. a mother knows what is best for her son
B. a conflict normally occurs at home
C. people vary in disposition
D. Lance is very protective of his son
17. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is to ______.

A. tell a story about husband and wife
B. make people realize about the importance of communication
C. describe the setting within the family
D. none of the above
18. What features animated characters. It can be in 2D or 3D perspective?

19. What is a fictional program that creates humor out of the situations, experiences, and life of
the characters?

remote
A. automatic
B. distant
C. savage
D. mean
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MODULE COVERAGE

This module has the following lessons:

Lesson Title You’ll learn to… Estimated

 Expected Skills To do well in this module,

UNLOCKING OF GRAMMAR COMPREHENSION

Synonymns And Passive And Active Purpose of Reading

Past And Past

1. What does the reading selection manifest? The story…

3. What does indifferent mean as used in the sentence,

4. Based on its structure, how do you classify the following sentence?

7. What features animated characters. It can be in 2D or 3D perspective?

9. Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?

10. Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?

11. Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?

12. Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?

13. Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?

19. The subject is being acted upon by the verb.

1. What are words with similar meanings called? _____________

Word Synonym Antonym

The Ancient Visayan Account of the Creation

Word Definition Synonym/Antonym

Talk Show Program:________________________________________________________

Soap Opera Show:________________________________________________________

Determining the Truthfulness and Accuracy of News

Active and Passive Construction

_____2. Dinner was usually eaten with the whole family.

_____5. Dad provides our needs as family.

_____7. Parents should be loved by their children.

_____8. Gem treasures her friendship with Dianna.

1. Enzo has already written a novel

2. Some suggestions were offered by the members to patch things up.

4. A new guidelines for the grading system is now implemented.

- Erwin Colcol/KG, GMA News

Austin fed Coffee, his pet.

They submitted their manuscripts a little late.

Jennifer and Colene cooked pasta for dinner.

I wish I had come earlier.

Vincent would have helped Jennifer if she had asked.

1. The reporters trooped to the area.

2. One journalist interviewed her.

3. The hotel manager called for a press conference,

THE SIMPLE AND PROGRESSIVE TENSES

Consider the charts below.

SIMPLE PROGRESSIVE EMPHATIC

SIMPLE PROGRESSIVE EMPHATIC

You Will write will writing

You Will write will writing

_________2. Tintend to go to school before 8 o'clock.

_________4. The secretary did inform me of the venue of the meeting.

_________5. The meeting will start at 9 o'clock.

_________6. We shall be attending first the morning assembly.

_________7. Representatives from other offices are also coming.

_________8. The President's secretary is checking the attendance.

_________9. The canteen staff will serve snacks.

_________10. The President does expect a 100% attendance.

The Perfect Tenses

You Had played You Had played

You Had written You Had written

You Have recited You Have recited

You have broken You have broken

I shall have walked We shall have walked

You will have walked You will have walked

I shall have flown We shall have flown

You will have flown You will have flown