Orchem 221L Post Lab Discussion (Activities 21-29

Post Lab
Discussion
(Activity 21-29)
FOR ORCHEM 221L

9:30-11:30 MWF
ACTIVITY 21:
Aldehydes
Introduction
Summary of Experimental Results
Pink to Pink to
colorless colorless
KMNO4 Test
Schiff’s
Reagent
Tollen’s Test
Pink to Pink to
colorless colorless
Fehling’s Test
Schiff’s
Reagent
Schiff’s Test
Pink to Pink to
colorless colorless
NaOH Rxn
Schiff’s
Reagent
Addition Rxn
Experimental Results
Answers to Questions
4.
a) Aldehyde + Acidified Potassium Permanganate
RCHO + 2KMnO4 + H2SO4 à RCOOH + K2SO4 + 2

MnO2 + H2O
e.g. CH3CHO + 2 KMnO4 + H2SO4 à CH3COOH +

K2SO4 + 2 MnO2 + H2O
4.
b) Aldehyde + Tollen’s Reagent
RCHO + 2 AgNO3 +2 NH4OH à RCOOH + 2 Ag + 2

NH4NO3 + H2O
e.g CH3CHO + 2 AgNO3 + 2NH4OH à CH3COOH + 2

Ag + 2 NH4NO3 + H2O
4.
c) Aldehyde + Fehling’s Reagent
RCHO + 2 CuSO4 + 4 NaOH à RCOOH + Cu20 +

2 Na2SO4 + 2H2O
e.g CH3CHO + 2 CuSO4 + 4NaOH à CH3COOH +

Cu20 + 2 Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
4.
d) Aldehyde + Na0H
2HCHO + NaOH à HCOONa + CH3OH
e) Aldehyde + NaHS03
OH
I
RCHO à R-C-H I
SO3Na
4.
f) Aldehyde from a primary alcohol
Ag
2 RCH20H + 02 à 2 RCH0 + 2 H20
g) Linear polymerization of formaldehyde
H20
HCH0 à H0 -(CH20)-H
h) Cyclic polymerization of formaldehyde
H20 & Trace of H2S04
3HCH0 à paraformaldehyde
4.
i) Linear polymerization of acetaldehyde
dry HCl (cold)
CH3CHO à HO- (CHO)-H
I
CH3
j) Cyclic polymerization of acetaldehyde
3 CH3CHO à para acetaldehyde

ACTIVITY 22
Ketones
Introduction
NaOH
Schiff’s Rgt
Addition Reaction
Iodoform Test
Answers to Question
sulfite
Answers to Question
ACTIVITY 23
Monocarboxylic Acids
Introduction
0dor, Physical State & Reaction with Litmus
Acid Odor Physical State Reaction with
Litmus
Acetic Vinegar like liquid B->R
Propionic pungent liquid B->R
Stearic odorless solid B->R
Benzoic odorless solid B->R
Salicylic odorless solid B->R
Solubility
Acid Water Ether Ethyl Alcohol
Acetic Miscible Miscible Miscible
Benzoic Insoluble Soluble Soluble
Salicylic Insoluble Soluble Soluble
Acetic Acid Benzoic Acid Salicylic Acid

Red brown ppt
Purple violet
Shade of Red
Answers to Question
Answers to Question
ACTIVITY 24
Formic Acid
Introduction
Silver mirror
Brick red ppt (+)
White ppt
Answers to Question
Answers to Question
Answers to Question
ACTIVITY 25
Acetic Acid
Introduction
Answer to Questions
Answer to Questions
H
ACTIVITY 26
Oxalic Acid
Introduction
Answer to Questions
ACTIVITY 27
Lactic, Citric & Tartaric
Introduction
Introduction
'lia rta ri c .Ac d C4HsOG (2. 3-d hyd ro.xy · 'LI ta e di o i ,ac d
c � ne dip rottc o,rg anlc
w hitie crystal! acid. occurs in )�
sue h as grapes. bani arias ,and tam arlnd. One o'IF the mali nplants
acl d in w ·ni e. Sa Its are call led tartrates, t is a di hyd ro1xy
de riivative ot succl ni,c acld. F"rst ·so, atad from potassium
tartrate (K:iC4H40fi.) ._ Jalbir iib Hayyan (Persian
a chemist). Ani,cienitly known as. argol/ tartar, Scheele
ry
deve oped a modern procees for its lsotatton. Chiiraliity ot
tne acl d was stud·ed by ,Jean Ba,pt·ste Bio1t ·n 1 B,32. Lou·s
Pasteur was ab I e to produce pure aam p� e ot levataJrtaric
acld.
Uses: · lne dlamonos' potassium bltartrate crystals
formi nig on cork. g'i'ves tartness (sharp taetlnq-sour w·· -
p easant tlavo r) in wi1nes.
COOIFII
HJ OH
COOIHI
COO'
powder
ACTIVITY 28
Acid Halide & Acid Anhydride
Introduction
Introduction
ACTIVITY 29
Esters
Introduction

Orchem 221L Post Lab Discussion (Activities 21-29

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Orchem 221L Post Lab Discussion (Activities 21-29

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Post Lab

FOR ORCHEM 221L

RCHO + 2KMnO4 + H2SO4 à RCOOH + K2SO4 + 2

e.g. CH3CHO + 2 KMnO4 + H2SO4 à CH3COOH +

RCHO + 2 AgNO3 +2 NH4OH à RCOOH + 2 Ag + 2

e.g CH3CHO + 2 AgNO3 + 2NH4OH à CH3COOH + 2

RCHO + 2 CuSO4 + 4 NaOH à RCOOH + Cu20 +

e.g CH3CHO + 2 CuSO4 + 4NaOH à CH3COOH +

2HCHO + NaOH à HCOONa + CH3OH

3 CH3CHO à para acetaldehyde

Acetic Acid Benzoic Acid Salicylic Acid

Red brown ppt

Brick red ppt (+)

Вам также может понравиться