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GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS

DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

Theory - Gantry

1 Gantry System
1.1 List of Acronyms
CAN Controller Area Network
HSDCD High Speed Data Capacitive Device
LSCOM Low Speed Communications
MSUB Milwaukee Subordinate Board
MTCB Milwaukee Table Control Board
ORP On-Board Rotating Processor
RCIB Rotating Controller Interface Bus
TGP Table Gantry Processor

1.2 Functions of Boards

Table 1: Gantry Main Electronic Boards and Functions


Board Main Function
TGP Board LAN communications to System Host Control
MSUB board control
LSCOM communication with the ORP board via slip rings
MSUB Board Gantry axial speed and position control
Axial speed/position monitoring
DAS trigger generation
Table Interface
Scan Start/stop control
Operator Hard key monitor
X-ray light control
ORP Board LSCOM communication with the TGP board via slip rings
CAN communication with other rotating components
Alignment light control

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 1 of 52


2 of 52
1.3
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS

HPOWER GANTRY STATIONARY BLOCK DIAGRAM


POWER PAN
HVDC X-Ray PWR DC
1 HVDC
Block Diagram

from PDU FILTER


2 wire
2 HVDC_RTN
GANTRY FRONT COVER
EMC
Gantry 120 / 208Y VAC KOC2 Axial Axial 3 SPARE
FILTER
Encoder
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1

Dynamic Front Touch Sensors


CB Brake Forward Tilt Interference Switch
4 Neutral
Front Microphone
Forward Tilt Limit Switch
Right Gantry Contact Switch 5 120 VAC
E-Stop
HVAC AXIAL PWR Left Gantry Contact Switch Backward Tilt Interference Switch 6 CHASSIS GROUND
EMC Axial
from PDU 3 wire Drive
FILTER Front/Right Control Panel
(440VAC) Home Flag Backward Tilt Limit Switch Note:
Axial Rings 1 -6 are Bolted
Front/Left Control Panel Joint Rings
Motor
CB Front Gantry Display
Axial Holding
Brake

Front Breathing Lights


PDU Control Intercom Board

GANTRY REAR COVER


Relay Rear Breathing Lights
Right Gantry Fan
Board
Relay
Left Gantry Fan Rear Touch Sensors
Board

Thermostat/SSR Rear Microphone

Tilt E-Stop
Drive

1 - Gantry System
Balance Sensors X-Ray Display

Table Control & Drives


MSUB
120VAC Thermal Sensors
PWR Rear/Right Control Panel

Table Foot Pedals Brush Dust Sensor


Rear/Left Control Panel

Table Control

Service
7 SPARE
Switch Board Temp
Sensor
8 SPARE

SmartView Foot Switch 9 EXPOSURE ENABLE

SmartView Hand Held Control 10 OUTBOUND CPU DATA

Cardiac
TGP LSCOM 11
POWER REF
Table Gantry
SUPPLY
(24,+/-15,5) Processor
Respiratory 12 INBOUND CPU DATA
Figure 1: Gantry Stationary Block Diagram

Tilt
Pot

SCIM BOARD
E-Stop

CONSOLE
Ethernet 10BASE-T Slip Ring Contactless
High Speed Data
R
TX GDAS
X FIBER OPTIC
REMOTE TILT
BUTTONS
LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
1.4 Communication Subsystem
Figure 2: Communication Block Diagram

MTCB
CPU

Stationary Rotating
TABLE CAN

JEDI
MSUB Axial Drive
AX CAN
Board Module
CAN2
Hardwire
Exposure Command
DAS triggers
Hard Brush
TGP ORP
Rings
CPU CPU
Brush

HSDCD HSDCD
HSDCD
50 Antenna/Receiver Transmitter
Ohm Collimator
Fiber Optic Control
Gantry
Bulkhead Board
Fiber
Optic CAN1
DIP Board 100
Motorola BaseTX
Transceiver
Power PC

DAS DCB
LAN
OC CPU
Switch

Communications between the OC and Gantry computers are performed by a LAN connection and
hard-wired slip-rings. Scan data from the DAS is transferred across the HSDCD (High Speed Data
Capacitive Device) ring to the DIP board in the console. The DAS data transfer rate is 850 Mbaud.
The 10base2 thin net 50 ohm LAN cable provides the communication path between the OC
computer in the console and the TGP in the stationary gantry. The hard slip rings allow the
bidirectional transfer of data between the TGP and the rotating components, including the ORP.
The control rings transfer data at 2.5 Mbaud.
The system utilizes one HSDCD ring and nine hard wired slip rings. Five rings provide AC and DC
power and ground; one provides interlock signal for the HV subsystem; and three provide the
communication path between the stationary and rotating components. Only the three
communication rings will be discussed here.
The hard slip rings communication connection acts as a sub-network between the TGP and ORP,
but also carries the specific DAS trigger and Exposure Command signals multiplexed within the
data stream. Control and status information travels in both directions across the rotating interface
along 2 high speed serial links utilizing 3 rings, one inbound and one outbound, both using an
isolated ring as signal reference. This provides for excellent noise immunity. Brushes ride on the
conductive ring material to provide signal connection to the stationary components, and screws
inserted into the back of each ring provide the connection for the rotating components. Serial link
control and signal multiplexing/de-multiplexing is provided by TGP and ORP boards. LEDs located
on these boards indicate communication status of the data paths.
Scan Data travels from the rotating side to the stationary side and ultimately to the reconstruction
subsystem through the HSDCD ring. This contact-less path begins at the HSDCD transmitter on
the rotating structure. The stationary pickup is an antenna and receiver coupled together. The
HSDCD ring and antenna form two plates of a capacitor. The transmitter input and receiver output
are fiber-optic connections. Forward error correction is used in this path to ensure extremely high
data reliability.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 3 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
1.5 Emergency Stop Loop
The CT system has an Emergency Stop Loop to all stop gantry tilt, axial rotation, and the table
elevation and cradle movement. The status of the loop is connected to the NMI (Non-maskable
Interrupt) pin of the CPU on the TGP board.
The TGP is informed of “E-STOP” status through the DRV_ENBL status register local to the MSUB
FPGA device. E-Stop is active when DRV_ENBL is “0” (active Low). Figure 3 shows the E-Stop
Interlock Loop. When an E-Stop button is pressed, while the gantry is in motion, the drive will be
commanded to decelerate to a stop. The MSUB FPGA code proves a delay of approximately 5
seconds before the enable to the drive is set to an inactive position. When this occurs, the gantry
will coast to a stop. This feature allows the gantry to come to a stop in a shorter time when E-Stop
has been pressed. This feature is also connected to the gantry contact switches and the PDU Loop
Contactor input signals.

4 of 52 1 - Gantry System Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS

Procedure revised: 07/10/03


MSUB
BOARD E-STOP AND DRIVES RESET
J8
E-STOP_LOCAL
ESTOP_KEY J8 J9
E-STOP_KEY 3

SERVICE SWITCH
BOARD
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1

J1
21 21
ERST_LOOP
J30
1 1
ESTOP_LOOP J1 J30
20 20
2
J2
1

2
LOCAL_ESTOP
J23 J9
1
J11
4 4
E-STOP & SERVICE E-STOP & SERVICE ESTOP_SRC
OUTLETS (RIGHT) OUTLETS (LEFT)

ESTOP_LOOP
J8

Theory - Gantry
ERST_LOOP

K10
LITESHI TIMER
J8 CKT DRV_ENBL
K10 K12
LITESRTN

FLASHER
CKT
Figure 3: Emergency Stop Loop

K10
AX_DR_EN_SVC
AX_DR_EN

K12
XG_EN_SVC
XG_ENBL_CONT

J11
14
15
LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

5 of 52
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
1.6 Exposure Enable Loop

1.6.1 System Loop


The CT system uses signal EXP_ENBL to interlock the exposure enable loop by hardware devices.
The (electrical current) loop passes through the console, the PDU, the MSUB board, the TGP
board, and the ORP board; each of these components has a relay or SSR (Solid State Relay) to cut
the loop when needed. The loop is connected between TGP and ORP via slip rings.
When the signal EXP_ENBL is at -5 V level, the x-ray exposure is enabled; while an open state
indicates that the exposure is disabled.
The Exposure Enable loop is sensed at two locations on the loop. One is local on the MSUB
between the firmware commanded relay contact and the TGP watchdog circuit relay contact. The
other signal is located in the PDU and is called the Door Interlock interrupt signal to the MSUB.
These two signals are digitally OR’d together in the FPGA logic device producing a maskable
interrupt signal to the TGP Board. Each of these signal has a status register available for firmware
to read the current state of the input signal.

6 of 52 1 - Gantry System Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS

Procedure revised: 07/10/03


EXPOSURE ENABLE INTERLOCK FUNCTIONAL
PDU H4 SYSTEM
STATIONARY SIDE ROTATING SIDE

MSUB TGP ORP JEDI


CT2 A? A? CT2 A? A? CT2 A? A?
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1

ILK_OPN
+24 VDC 11 11 FPGA

J?
J? J?
+15 VDC PDU24 PDU24
PDU24
11 ? ?
EXP_INTLK
4 ?

12
TS 1-5 & 6
6

EXP-INTLK
-5VDC LSCOM

SSR

Theory - Gantry
EXP_ENBL EXP_ENBL
9
EXPCMD
ROOM DOOR
INTERLOCK SSR
DIFFERENTIAL J?
14 DRIVER
J? ExpCMD_P EFLT*
SER_INBOUND 6
MSUB_TRIG FPGA 12 SER_INBOUND EXP_CMD
? FPGA
13
SSR ExpCMD_N EXPCMD*
5
SER_REF SER_REF

EXP_INTLK
11

CONSOLE
Figure 4: Exposure Enable Loop

ISO_GND

DIP BOARD Rx Tilt Board


J53 J20 EXP_INTLK J?
3 2 2 Watch Dog circuit
FPGA J?
will open this
contact when Watch
Dog times out.

SYSINTLK SYSINTLK EXP_EN CPU


1 15 15 ?
VCC

J?
?

J?
?
L

ISO_GND
LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

7 of 52
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
1.6.2 On ORP Board
The ORP board receives the EXP_ENBL signal using optical isolation. The circuits contain a kind
of filter for improved noise immunity. The loss of this signal will inhibit an exposure command from
being issued.

Figure 5: Exposure Enable Circuits

EXPCMD line
EXPCMD_IN

SH_E_ENBL
CPU
S/R
TX_SIN A
FPGA MAX
EXPCMD B
(LSCOM block) 485
TX_SOUT FINAL_EXP*

Photo-MOS
TX_SREF

EXP_ENBL EXPCMD_P

EXPCMD_N

Photo-MOS

2 TGP Board
2.1 Overview
TGP stands for Table Gantry Processor.
This board interfaces with the console and other components, such as MSUB board, and controls
the LSCOM bi-directional communication with the ORP board via slip rings.
Other functions of the board include:
• Interfaces the exposure enable control signal (EXP_ENB) via slip rings.
• Controls the Gantry control panel push buttons and Gantry displays, by employing Cover-
CAN.
• Receives the thermal sensor analog input.
• Performs the power supply voltage monitoring.

8 of 52 2 - TGP Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


2.2
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS

Procedure revised: 07/10/03


TGP block diagram
To audio bd Cover-CAN (PB/DISP)

Audio_power/gnd CAN
Flash ROM CAN CAN drv
A[21:2] LS
Audio_signal controller
Block Diagram

1 D [31:16] RESET
D [7:0] DRIVER
CS
From OC RD CS IOs
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1

Flash ROM Spare-CAN


A[21:2] A[7:0]
OC IOs CAN CAN
D [15:0] LS controller CAN drv
2
CS D [7:0]
RD LS:levelshifter RESET
CS DRIVER
IOs
Ethernet A[15:0]
10BASE-T A[25:0] SW IOs
PULSE TRNS FPGA
controller D [15:0] TABLE
D[31:0] TRIG_CTRL
SRV_IOs
CS
DRV pls(cradle/IMS)
RD
ENC pls(cradle/IMS)
WR
Potensio(cradle/IMS)
RD
CS IRQ_SUB
OC IOs OC IOs EXPCMD
RESET A[25:0]

Theory - Gantry
RESET TBLIOs TblIOs
Remote sensor Driver DAS_TRIG
HJ935060BP D[31:0] SIO SUB /MSUB
(SH7709A+16MbytesSDRAM) CS2*
LM35DZ AN1 G
CS[7:1] MAB
Bus
AN2
LM35DM switch
W E [3:0] MDB

RD IRQ_SUB
-5V
DIR
ADREES_BUS
IRL[3:0] A[25:0] DAS_TRIG
DATA_BUS LSCOM
Ref_voltage D[31:0] EXPCMD Slipring
SH_CTRL_BUS FPGA SER_INBBOUND
Figure 6: TGP Board Block Diagram

RESET DRIVER (LSCOM)


LSCOM
Cradlepotensio SER_OUTBOUND
A/D WR (LSCOM)
RD RECEIVER
potensio IMS potensio converter CS EXP_ENBL
LEDs
Table up/downpotensio
SER_REF
-5V
TILT potensio
TX-FIFO TX-FIFO
MSUB_analog

Voltage monitor(+24V)

Voltage monitor(+12V) RX-FIFO RX-FIFO

Voltage monitor(+5V)
RevC
E_ENBL /E_INTLK
LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

9 of 52
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Hardware Description
Brief descriptions about the main devices on the board are written below:
• Multi-chip Module (MCM): This module (HJ935060BP) includes the following:
- CPU (SH7709A): 133 MHz
- SDRAM: 16 Mbytes
• FPGAs: The following FPGAs perform many of the TGP board functions.
- LSCOM_CTRL FPGA
- TRIG FPGA

2.3 FPGAs
The two FPGAs on the TGP board perform major functions of the board. These FPGAs are named
LSCOM_CTRL and TRIG, respectively.

2.3.1 LSCOM_CTRL FPGA


This FPGA controls the LSCOM function. The TGP processor communicates with the ORP board
via this LSCOM_CTRL FPGA and slip rings. It also transmits the EXP_ENBL hardware signal.

2.3.2 TRIG FPGA


This FPGA has the following functions:
• Chip selection
• Store of Revision No.
• A/D conversion / Buffer circuits
• Bounce elimination
• Trigger sequence function
• Output register
• Status register
• Interrupt control
• Pulse generator for motor driver (not used)
• Encoder pulse frequency divider (Axial, Cradle)
Some of the functions above are described below:

Store of Revision No.


The FPGA stores the part No., variation No., and revision No. of the TGP board.
A/D conversion / Buffer circuits
An A/D converter on the board converts the following analog signals being output from the FPGA
device of the MSUB board:
• Table position voltage (not used)
• Cradle position voltage (not used)
• Tilt position voltage (not used)
• MSUB miscellaneous analog voltages
• Power (24V) voltage
• Power (12V) voltage
• Power (5V) voltage
Trigger sequence function

10 of 52 2 - TGP Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
The exposure command signal is activated when the enable bit has been activated and the selected
synchronization signal is activated. The synchronization signal is either of the following two:
MSUB_SYNC (either Axial Sync or Table Sync) or Firmware generated signal. Axial Sync is used
for all types of axial scans, and Table Sync is used for scout scans. The firmware generated sync
signal is used for statics and diagnostic scans.
The exposure command signal goes inactive when either:
The trigger counter expires (by counting either of the synchronization signals mentioned above), or;
Enable bit is made inactive, or;
The watchdog timer goes out.

2.4 Watchdog Circuits


The TGP board has two kinds of watchdog timer function:
Internal watchdog: located inside the CPU
External watchdog: located outside the CPU
The internal watchdog deters uncontrolled run of software, if it took place.
The external watchdog must be run to enable the gantry axial drive and x-ray exposure.

2.5 Control of Gantry Control Panels and Gantry Display


The Gantry user Interface consists of a Gantry display, Gantry push buttons, and the TGP board.
Each of these components incorporate a microprocessor. Figure 7 illustrates the overall design of
this control.
These components are connected by a CAN (Cover-CAN), including the following nodes, in the
following quantities:
• TGP (1)
• Control panel push buttons (4)
• Display (1)
The CAN port operates at 250K Baud Rate.

Figure 7: Gantry User Interface Design Block Diagram

Front Display / Note: There needs to be a hardwire


Front & Rear connection between Gantry Display and
Breath Lights Front and Rear Breath Lights

Push Buttons Push Buttons Push Buttons Push Buttons

Cover-CAN

TGP

MSUB Foot Pedals

Several functions are common between the three controllers. These functions are:
• Self Tests
• Processor Initialization

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 11 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
• Communication
• Downloading Code
• Firmware Revision and Board Revision Reporting
Firmware and Board Revision
Each microprocessor is able to report its firmware number, firmware revision, board number, board
revision, and board serial number. The firmware number and revision number are embedded in the
firmware code.

2.6 Interfaces

2.6.1 Communication
Ethernet
The Ethernet Controller chip controls the 10Base-T connection with the console.
CAN (Controller Area Network)
The TGP board has two CAN channels: One is Cover-CAN, used for interfacing the gantry push
buttons and displays. The other is not used.
The Cover-CAN network supports four (4) control panels: two (2) each on front and rear gantry
covers. The Cover-CAN requires the gantry display and one (1) control panel for successful
initialization. Upon power-up the TGP tests communications to the gantry display and controllers.
Faults are reported as node failures.
LSCOM (Low Speed Communication) via Slip Rings
LSCOM is the communication way between TGP and ORP via slip rings.
It uses three signals: SER_SREF (reference signal), SER_OUTBOUND (transmit signal), and
SER_INBOUND (receive signal).
The LSCOM interface needs an isolated +/- 5Vdc bipolar power supply to power the driver/receiver
circuits. In addition, optical isolation is maintained between the slip rings and the ORP logic circuits.
EXP_ENBL Signal via Slip Ring
The TGP board outputs EXP_ENBL signal to the ORP board via a slip ring for interrupting EXPCMD
signal to JEDI.

2.6.2 Voltage Monitoring


The TGP provides an A/D interface for monitoring the on-board regulated power supplies: +24V /
+12V / +5V.

2.6.3 Thermal Sensor


The TGP CPU receives signals from thermal sensors: one (LM35DM) is located on the board itself,
and the other (LM35DP) is located outside the board.
• Temperature measurement range: 5 – 65.0 degrees C
• Accuracy: +/- 1.0 degree C
The signals are converted to digital data by the CPU built-in A/D converter.

12 of 52 2 - TGP Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
2.6.4 User Interface
Switches

Table 2: Push Switches


Switch Description
TGP_RESET
TEST_SW1
VHIST_CLR

LEDs

Table 3: LSCOM Related


Name Description
Violation Indicates that the current word is not valid.
VHist Indicates that a violation has occurred.
Link Disconnect Indicates that the serial input is not connected.
RX Busy Indicates that the receive state machine is busy.
TX Busy Indicates that the transmit state machine is busy.
Reset The board is currently in reset (Used for troubleshooting
the hard reset across the slip ring).
Rhist The board has been reset (Used for troubleshooting the
hard reset across the slip ring).

Table 4: CPU Related


Name Description
Run Blinks at the time of program operation.
Error The light is switched on at the time of error generating, and
is put out at the time of an error dissolution.
Error Hist Indicates that an Error has occurred.
DS9-12, 16 (Not defined)

Table 5: Ethernet Related


Name Description
TX Transmit status.
RX Receive status.
LINK State of the 10BASE-T link integrity.
BS Access to I/O space of LAN91C96.
TPOT_CNTR Indicates TILT POT is around center. (not used)

Table 6: Other LED


Name Description
EXP_EN_RB Exposure enable line status.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 13 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Test Pins
Table 7: Test Pins
TP# Name Description
1 P24_IN +24V (Source)
2 RTN_P24_IN +24V return
3 P12_IN +12V
4 N12_IN -12V
5 AGND_IN +12V return
6 P5_IN +5V
7 RTN_P5_IN +5V return
8 P5 +5V for logic
9 P3_3 +3.3V for Logic
10 P2_5 +2.5V for TRIGGER FPGA
11 P2_5B +2.5V for LSCOM FPGA
12 P1_9 +1.9V
13 LGND Logic Ground
14 LGND Logic Ground
15 LGND Logic Ground
16 +5V_ISO +5V for LSCOM
17 -5V_ISO -5V for LSCOM
18 ISO_GND LSCOM Ground
19 +12V_ANALOG +12V for analog circuit
20 -12V_ANALOG -12V for analog circuit
21 GND_ANALOG Analog Ground (for external A/D circuit)
22 PB_12V +12V for SW/DISP
23 PB_GND +12V Ground for SW/DISP
24 ON_TEMP On board Temperature signal
25 REMO_TEMP Remote Temperature signal (TEMP_RTN)
26 EXP_RING exposure signal monitoring
27 PDU_24 PDU_24(EXPEBL_TO_TGP)
28 EXP_EN EXP_EN (EXPEBL_TO_SUB)
29 M_TRIG MSUB_TRIG
30 M_SYNC MSUB_SYNC
31 DAS_TRIG DAS Trigger
32 EXP_CMD Exposure command
33 ERROR_INJECT Error inject signal
34 DRIVES_ENBL DRIVES ENABLE
35 V_REF Voltage reference for external A/D circuit
36 HOMEFLAG HOME FLAG
37 CINPLS Cradle In pulse (Debug Only)
38 M_ALOG_H MSUB_ANALOG_H
39 M_ALOG_L MSUB_ANALOG_L

14 of 52 2 - TGP Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

3 MSUB Board
3.1 Overview
MSUB stands for Milwaukee Subordinate Board.
The MSUB board Interfaces provides board-to-board interconnection with the TGP and provides a
centralized interconnection point for all gantry sub-system elements. The major functions are
described in Section 3.4, such as:
• Scan Control
• Axial Communication and Controls Interface
• Power Distribution Unit (PDU) Interface
• Table Communication Interface
• Console Push-button Communications Interface
• Gantry Sensors Interface
• Gantry Fan Controls
• Gantry Tilt Control
• Gantry Options Interface
And other functions are written below:
• Provides Emergency Stop Loop interface. Refer to Section 1.5.
• Provides Exposure Enable Loop interface. Refer to Section 1.6.
• Provides isolated 5Vdc power for CAN Communication with Axial Drive Assembly.
• Provides 12Vdc to Table interface for CAN Communication with Table Control Board.
• Produces Gantry Trigger generation using the Phase Lock Loop Circuitry.
• Through the Service Switch Board (refer to Section 4), the MSUB provides a means for a
service engineer to enable/disable Axial Drive Power, HVDC, and Gantry 120Vac circuits;
Perform gantry forward tilt and backward tilt; Force the gantry fans on High speed; Rotate the
gantry in either a Jog motion or a continuous motion at predetermined speeds (4 sec and 1 sec
rotation). MSUB provides LED’s to indicate status of these circuits.
• Provides the Gantry Fan control at low speed and high speed levels.
• Provides the Gantry Tilt functionality for forward and backward tilting of gantry.
• Provides interface for the Gantry Interference Detection functionality.
• Provides the Cardiac, Pulmonary, and SmartView functionality interface.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 15 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
3.2 Block Diagram
Figure 8: MSUB Board Block Diagram
TO/FROM TGP

BUSS BUFFER 12VP_AX_DRV

12VN
24VP
12VP

5VP
AXIAL CAN
CAN DRIVER AXIAL

HGND_AX_DRV

DATA BUSS
DIR

CSn
CAN_CSn

ADDRESS BUSS
MSUB Sync
MSUB Trig
TABLE CAN

Resetn
RDn
WRn
CAN DRIVER TABLE
Service Mode
Jog Test Mode
Rot Test Mode DIR
CAN_CSn
Axial speed High
Axial speed Low Service
Inputs PB UART
Fan Control
Tilt Control
Axial Control
3.868MHz Voltage
Sense 12VP_AX_DRV
Clock

Interupt Status Driver


IRQ1&IRQ2 (MASK/STAT/CLR)

3MHz
Clock

2.5 VREF Phase FPGA


Lock 20MH
Loop z
Clock

Gantry Contact Switch


Holding Brake

Encoder CHA
Encoder CHB
Encoder CHC
HomeFlag
Cardiac EXP cmd
Table Cradle Sync Resp EXP cmd
5Vdc
Console Reset Spare EXP cmd
Optical
SmartView Foot Switch 1 Start
SmartView Foot Switch 2
Isolation
Run/Stop
5Vdc Interface
xtra in1 Enable
Optical
xtra in2
Isolation
cardiac pulse
Interface
Resp pulse MSUB Sync to Table
Spare pulse Encoder CHA
Table Foot switch UP Encoder CHB
Table Foot switch DOWN
Differential Xtra Output1
TBL_STATUS Output Xtra Output2
signals TBL_DRV_ENBL
M_ENBL_COM

Loop Cont Clsd 24Vdc


Phase Loss Optical
AX_DR_ENBL_SVC Isolation
Interface LITESHI
Brush Dust Sensor
Balance Sensor 1 E-Stop Relays
Analog and Blinker
Balance Sensor 2 Table
Input Circuit TBL_PWR_RLY
Thermal Sensor 1 Power
Thermal Sensor 2
Signals
Relay
Axial Fault
Axial at Speed
Axial
Axial at Position
Axial at Frequency
Status 24Vdc
Axial 12 Volt status inputs Optical
Isolation EXP_CONT_CMD
Interface AX_CONT_CMD
Realy HVDC_CONT_CMD
Drivers Tilt Control
Fan Control

16 of 52 3 - MSUB Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Hardware Description
Brief descriptions about the main devices on the board are written below:
• DUART (Dual Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
• Serial Communication Controller (for CAN)
• FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)

3.3 TGP Interface


The MSUB interfaces with the TGP board through two 64 pin ribbon connectors. The following
major functions originate from the TGP:
• ADDRESS & DATA
• Chip Selects (one for CAN communication, one for all other functions)
• Interrupt signal 1 and 2
• Read and Write Signals
• MSUB Trig
• MSUB Sync
• 24Vdc, +12 Vdc,-12 Vdc, +5Vdc
• Cable Detect Signal
• Push Button Hard line enable circuit
• Watchdog Circuit
• Reset line
• Smart view Hand Held control
• Exposure Enable Loop
• Table Speaker
• Analog Signal inputs to TGP A/D converter
• Exposure Enable (X-ray-ON) signal for cardiac monitoring.
• Console Reset TGP line

3.4 Functional Description

3.4.1 Scan Control


The MSUB is responsible for providing the TGP with two signals for Scan Control. MSUB_TRIG and
MSUB_SYNC. The MSUB_TRIG signal is used by the DAS to indicate the location of the gantry for
data acquisition timing during scanning. The axial encoder sends quadrature decoded pulses
(channel A & B) through a Phase Locked Loop filtered. This signal is then sent to the TGP before
ending up at the DAS. The MSUB_SYNC signal is used by the TGP for exposure command and
data acquisition timing during scanning. The MSUB_SYNC signal can be selected to be either a
sync signal generated from Gantry rotation, Table motion, or a firmware.

Scan Start Source Sync Signals (MSUB_Sync Signal)


The trigger circuit is responsible for generating the DAS trigger rate that the Data Acquisition
System (DAS) uses as a reference for sampling x-rays. The trigger circuit must function in 5 modes:
Offset, Axial, Helical, Scout, and Static. With the exception of offsets, these trigger modes
correspond with their respective scan types. Offset triggers are issued before and after all scans to
collect DAS/detector offset data for offset correction. Offset data is taken without x-ray exposure.
Axial and helical scans are taken as the gantry rotates. This requires that the axial and helical
trigger signal be based off of an axial encoder. Scout and static scans use a fixed 3 MHz time base
for their reference.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 17 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Axial and helical scan modes must be capable of using a variable encoder frequency input that
varies with the prescribed scan speed (0.35, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,2, or 4 sec/rev gantry
period). The MSUB provides the TGP three synchronization signals for exposure command start:
the gantry, the table, and firmware. The TGP will use these signals to produce the exposure
command signal to the LSCOM section of the TGP.

Table 8: Synchronization Signal


Signal Description
Gantry The gantry synchronization signal is activated when the gantry
position register matches the gantry interrupt position register. The
gantry sync signal is used for all rotating scans.
Table The table synchronization signal is activated when the Table sync
signal is received by the MSUB from the Table. The table sync
signal is used for scout scans.
Firmware This signal is activated by firmware. This signal is used for static
scans.

DAS Trigger Generation (MSUB_TRIG Signal)


DAS triggers are quadrature decoded pulses from the axial encoder which are passed through a
phase locked loop (PLL; see below) frequency scalar and then divided directly down to the desired
trigger frequency by a divide by N counter. The signal is then passed through a 64 bit digital filter
before being sent to the DAS as triggers.
Phase Locked Loop
The phase locked loop circuit is used to divide and multiply the gantry encoder pulse rate to
generate an integer output trigger rate @ 984 Hz for axial scanning. The phase locked loop is
necessary because the DAS geometry (n*984 samples per gantry revolution) is not coincident with
the encoder resolution (2048*13*4).

3.4.2 Axial Communication and Controls Interface


The MSUB provides Gantry Axial control for rotation speeds between (4.0 sec to 0.35 sec) using
quadrature encoder input signals for gantry position and velocity functionality.
The MSUB implements many of the sub-functions of the axial control system. The description of
each sub-function are detailed below. Figure 9 shows the Axial Servo Control Loop.

18 of 52 3 - MSUB Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS

GANTRY POWER PAN


AXIAL SERVO CONTROL LOOP FUNCTIONAL

Procedure revised: 07/10/03


PDU AC
120 VAC RTN

TBD GANTRY
SSR AXIAL HOLDING BRAKE
TILT FRAME (ENERGIZE TO RELEASE)
3 1
1 1
1
2 2 GANTRY ENCODER
MSUB BOARD 4 2
VCC 2 (Generates 13 C-Pulses
Axial Drive Cover Plate
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1

Per Gantry Revolution)


AX_BRAKE_OUT
12 12 AXIAL DRIVE

SHAF T
MOTOR
AX_BRAKE_OUT_RT AX_ENC_CHA 1
25 25
AXIAL MOTOR
N

AX_BRAKE AX_CAN_H J3 +12V_AX_DR AX_ENC_CHA_RTN 1


CAN 1 1 1 CAN TB1
TRANSCEIVER AX_CAN_L SIGNALS U T1 ROTATING
VCC 6 6 6 3 Phase HV AX_ENC_CHB 1
3 Phase HV
GEAR

V T2 PWM
BASE
+12V_AX_DR PWM
ENCODER

REGULATOR 4 4 4 W T3
HGND AX_ENC_CHB_RTN 1
+5V_AXCAN
3 3 3
TB2 T6
AX_FLT GANTRY AX_ENC_CHC 1
AX_FAULT 15 15 15 T9
P DRIVE BELT
AX_FAULT_CONTACT T4 WIRED
AX_FLT_RTN FOR HV AX_ENC_CHC_RTN 1
14 14 14 T7 MODE
AX_AT_SPD*
AX_AT_SPEED 10 10 10 T5
AX_SPEED_CONTAC ENCODER_+5V 1
AX_SPD_FRQ_RTN
11 11 11 T T8
AX_FREQ_CONTACT ENCODER_GND 1
AX_AT_FREQ*
AX_AT_FREQ 12 12 12 P1 NC NC NC
AX_AT_POS*
18 18 18
AX_POS_CONTACT P2
AX_AT_POS_RTN
AX_AT_POS GANTRY AZIMUTH
FLAG

17 17 17
DETECTOR
HOME DETECT

Theory - Gantry
TB3 CT2 A1 A2
AXIAL_EN_P
AX_ENABLE 30 30 30 (Generates 1 Pulse per
AXIAL_EN_N Gantry Revolution)
29 29 29
START_AXIAL COMMAND
AX_START 19 19 19 SIGNALS
STRT_STP_COM ENCODER_+5V 1
21 21 21
STOP_AXIAL
AX_STOP 20 20 20 ENCODER_GND 1
AX_DR_ENC_CHB_RNT
33 33 33 ENCODER
AX_DR_ENC_CHB
SIGNALS HOME_FLAG 1
BOUT 31 31 31
L
AX_DR_ENC_CHA_RTN TB3
AOUT 34 34 34 VCC HOME_FLAG_RTN 1
AX_DR_ENC_CHA
32 32 32 DYNAMIC BRAKE
CHA AX_ENC_CHA
DS? 1 ASSEMBLY
AX_ENC_CHA_RTN FAULT GANTRY CONTACT
VCC 9 Dynamic Brake Interlock HEMRC
Figure 9: Axial Servo Control Loop

CHB AX_ENC_CHB 18 T4 SWITCHES


INTFC BD
DS? 2 AX_ENC_CHB_RTN

10 17 T7
AX_ENC_CHC
120VAC PDU FAN 2 1
3 H
CHC AX_ENC_CHC_RTN
ASSEMBLY X3
FUSE 1
DS? 11 L X2
ENCODER_+5V
X3
HEMRC H2 1
4 FILTER BD
0VAC X1 H3
INPUT POWER STAGE X1 H4 1
ENCODER_GND
12

DS?
TB1
REMOTE_C_H DC+
CHC* 6 T6
2 2
REMOTE_C_L R S T DC-
DS?
14 T9
HOME_FLAG
L 5
HOME_FLAG HOME_FLAG_RTN
DS?
13
REFER TO
VCC AXIAL DRIVE
GANTRY_CNTCNT+ POWER CONTROL
GANTRY_CNTCT 7
GANTRY_CNTCNT-
15
LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

19 of 52
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Axial Encoder and Home Flag
Signals from the axial encoder and azimuth detection board measure the gantry position. The
gantry position is used to monitor axial drive positioning, velocity performance and to determine
starting x-ray and view angles.
Gantry Position is measured with an incremental encoder mounted on the gantry's motor drive
shaft. The motor and encoder turn 13 times for every one gantry revolution. The encoder has two
channels, A and B, in quadrature with a resolution of 2,048 pulses per channel per encoder
revolution. There are (2,048 X 13) = 26,624 Ch. A and Ch. B encoder pulses per gantry revolution.
Channel A and B taken in quadrature provide 106,496 pulses per gantry revolution resolution.
Encoder accuracy of 0.0135 degrees per channel pulse, or 0.00338 degrees per quadrature pulse.
The home position is the gantry position with the x-ray tube positioned at 12 o'clock. This position
is sensed using an optical home flag and home flag sensor board. The home flag is a 1 inch wide
piece of metal attached to the rotating bearing. The MSUB board supplies +5v to the home flag
board. The home flag is used on the MSUB board in conjunction with the axial encoder “C” pulse
to determine gantry home position for firmware.
Axial Drive Enable Switch
The status of the axial drive enable switch can be read back by the TGP via registers on the MSUB.
While the axial drive switch is in the disabled position, the axial drive enable output is forced inactive
and the axial holding brake output is forced to release the brake.
Axial Holding Brake Control
The axial holding brake, which is normally applied, is released by applying 120VAC to the brake
leads. The 120 VAC is controlled by a solid state relay that in turn is controlled by the MSUB. Note
that the MSUB axial brake output is forced to release the brake when the axial drive enable switch
is in the disabled position.
The axial brake is meant as a static brake to hold the gantry still once it has been positioned by the
axial drive. The brake's friction is not sufficient to hold the gantry still against the full accelerating
force of the motor and amplifier. Should the brake fail while the gantry is in motion, the gantry will
continue to rotate until halted by firmware. The brake is also not sufficient to hold the gantry while
the tube or inverters are being changed. Whenever servicing the rotating base, the gantry should
be locked out using the locking pin mechanism.
The axial brake is released when the Gantry Loop Contactor Service Switch is in the “disable”
position. This allows the gantry to be rotated by hand without fighting the friction of the brake.
Axial Power Contactor Control
The axial motor drive is powered by two sources: 480VAC, 3 phase, provided from the PDU, and
controlled by the axial power loop contactor. The second source of power is 380VDC, transformed
from 120VAC, which is provided via the drive’s DC bus by the axial Dynamic Brake assembly. The
MSUB receives a isolated 12Vdc signal from the drive that is monitored and indicates to firmware
through the FPGA, that either of the two mentioned power sources is available or both are not
present.
Axial Power Contactor Read back
The 480VAC axial power contactor status will have a maskable interrupt signal that can be read
back on the MSUB when a change of state occurs.
Axial CAN, Control Signals and Feedback Signals
The axial drive is commanded by the firmware via CAN network. There are seven signals that are
used on the CAN network: three control signals (Start, Stop and Enable) and four feedback signals
(Fault, At Speed, At Freq. and At Pos.).
An isolated power and ground bus on the MSUB is powered by a 12V supply from the axial drive.
The axial CAN and control signals to the axial drive are optically isolated from rest of the MSUB and
use the +5V isolated power for the output stages of the opto-isolators. A detection circuit with read
back via TGP processor is provided to determine if the isolated 12V power is being supplied to the
MSUB.

20 of 52 3 - MSUB Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
An 82527 CAN controller interface IC, accessible via the TGP processor is used to provide CAN
communications to the axial drive. The interrupt signal, “AX_DR_COMM_INT*”, for the 82527 is
sent to the TGP.
To activate the control signals to the axial drive, the appropriate terminals on the axial drive need
to be shorted together. Since the signals are polarized, opto-couplers with transistor output stages
are used to short the terminals together.
Note that the axial drive enable signal is forced inactive by any one of these signals: an overspeed
condition, the watchdog circuit being inactive, a disabled axial drive enable switch, an open loop
contactor or an axial drive fault.
The feedback signals provided by the axial drive are contact closures which must be detected. The
input of a Schmidt Trigger is tied by resistor to either power or ground such that the output is
inactive. When the contact is closed the input to the Schmidt Trigger is pulled such that the output
is active.

3.4.3 Power Distribution Unit (PDU) Interface


Door Interlock Status
A +24Vdc input signal from the PDU that indicates the customer room door interlock is open. This
signal dynamically tracks the status of the interlock circuit on the TGP.
Exposure Enable Interlock Status
This signal is used to sense the Exposure Enable Loop functionality. This sense circuit is located
on the MSUB between the Exp En Loop firmware controlled solid state relay and the watchdog
timeout solid state relay on the TGP.
Phase Loss Fault
A phase under voltage / open fuse detection circuit on the PDU Control board monitors the status
of the three fuses described above. If the voltage w.r.t. ground on any one or more phases drops
below 185Vac (~70% of nominal) the PDU Control board detects and latches a PH_LOSS_UV
condition and issues a “PHASE_LOSS” fault signal to the system. If contactors Kxg and/or Kss
(described above) are closed, the control board opens them.
Buss Fault
A Buss Fault detection circuit on the PDU Control board monitors the status of the HVDC. If the
differential buss voltage does not exceed 200Vdc within the first 200mS after turn-on the PDU
Control board detects and latches a BS_FLT condition and issues a “BUSS_FLT” fault signal to the
system. If contactors Kxg and/or Kss (described above) are closed, the control board opens them.
PDU High Voltage Phase Loss Detect
This signal is sent from the PDU when there is a phase loss detected in PDU. The signal is latched
in FPGA and an interrupt is sent to the microprocessor on TGP.
XG_ENBL_CONT Signal to PDU
Steady-state +24Vdc input signal from the gantry to indicate the HVDC Bus is enabled. Used by
service to bypass firmware control and allow manual control of the HVDC Bus within the NGPDU.
External “XRAY ON” Light
This is a steady-state +24Vdc input signal from the gantry to close the “X-Ray ON” Light relay. The
x-ray interlock is passed through a relay on the MSUB. To close the relay, the watchdog circuit must
be active and the relay must be commanded to close via TGP processor.
The MSUB board provides a set of 24v/40ma contacts to control a 24v relay in the PDU. The 24v
PDU relay closes a set of 110VAC contacts that drive the hospital X-ray On Light. The 24v relay
contacts are closed (x-ray light turned on) whenever the TGP board commands x-rays to the ORP.
A register written to by firmware commands the x-ray on light’s relay. The bits of the register are
cleared in the event of a power failure, CPU fault, or watchdog / board fault condition.
External “SYSTEM ON” Light
Steady-state +24Vdc input signal from the gantry to close the “System ON” Light relay. NGPDU
provides isolated terminals for customer Room Light connections.
Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 21 of 52
GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
External “GENERATOR READY” Light
Steady-state +24Vdc input signal from the gantry to close the “Generator Ready” Light relay.
NGPDU provides isolated terminals for customer Room Light connections.

3.4.4 Table Communication Interface


The MSUB provides the following functions, as Table Communication Interface.
• Provides a differential signal to the Table Control Board (MTCB) for firmware direct
communication.
• Receives a differential signal from the MTCB to synchronize the table with the gantry.
• Provides interface for the Table Foot Switch loading and unloading patient functionality.
Table CAN, Control Signals
An 82527 CAN controller interface IC, accessible via the TGP processor is used to provide CAN
communications to the Table. The interrupt for the 82527 is sent to the TGP. The table drive is
commanded by the firmware via CAN network. A filtered 12V power and ground bus on the MSUB
are necessary for the Table CAN communication. The Table CAN is optically isolated from rest of
the MSUB and uses the 12V filtered power for the output stages of the opto-isolators.
Asynchronous Table Cradle Sync Signal
This signal is for communication from the MTCB to the MSUB quickly with a differential signal that
is received on the MSUB which creates a maskable interrupt to the TGP processor.
Asynchronous MSUB to Table Sync Signal
The MSUB Table Sync signal is provided to allow the MSUB to send a signal to the MTCB quickly
and asynchronously. The control of this output is available via registers on the MSUB.
Table Drive Enable Differential Signals
This is a differential signal that is sent to the MTCB from the MSUB, which is used to provide for an
electrical hard line from the Gantry Control Push Buttons, Remote Tilt Buttons, Smart View foot
switches, and Service Tilt switches. This differential signal must be met in order for motion to be
available in the table.
Motion Enable Command Differential Signals
This is a differential signal that is used to indicate to the MTCB that E-Stop has been pressed and
within 1.5 seconds, the 120VAC to the table will be turned off. This provides the MTCB enough time
to stop the cradle and prepare for the loss of power.
Table Fault Status Signal
This is a differential signal generated by the MTCB that indicates that there is a fault condition on
the MTCB. This signal is activated by firmware only.
Table Speaker Signals
The MSUB will interface with the MTCB and function as a jumper from the console to the table
assembly for the Console to Table Intercom System. These two signals are marked as speaker +
and speaker -.
Table Foot Switches (attached to MSUB)
The table foot switches are used to raise and lower the table. There are two foot switches on either
side of the table. One for raising the table and one for lowering the table. The switches have an
inverse logic dual path input. A read back and maskable change of state interrupt of each signal is
available on the TGP processor. When the up pedal is active the up signal will be high into the
processor. When the down pedal is active the down signal will be high into the processor.

3.4.5 Console Push-button Communications Interface


The MSUB provides the following functions, as this interface.
• Provides Console Push Button RS232 communication interface with TGP.
• Provides the Console Reset interface to TGP to reset the MSUB/TGP from the console.

22 of 52 3 - MSUB Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
The MSUB board contains an asynchronous serial interface, RS422, with one UART to perform
serial communications with the TGP. When serial data has completed transmission or is received,
the UART asserts an output interrupt pin, which drives an IRQ to the TGP. A differential driver will
control a Reset Line to the MSUB and TGP board. If the Reset Line is held low, the CPU on the
TGP board is reset.

3.4.6 Gantry Sensors Interface


The TGP provides an A/D interface for monitoring incoming analog signals from the MSUB board.
The following analog signals are multiplexed on the MSUB prior to being sent to the TGP A/D
converter:
• Gantry Balance Sensor
• Thermal Sensors (additional to the two provided by the TGP)
• Brush Dust Sensor
• MSUB Board Diagnostic Signals
Gantry Balance Sensors
The MSUB can measure gantry balance using 2 separate sensing devices and indicates a
difference in voltage due to vibrations it senses. These voltages are amplified on the MSUB and
then sent to the A/D component on the TGP.
Remote Thermal Sensors
The MSUB has two remote thermal sensors connections. The input signal from the thermal sensor
is sent to the TGP where it digitizes through an analog to digital converter. The digital signal will
then be read by firmware every 800 ms.
Brush Dust Sensors
(This input is considered a spare sensor input at this time. The input signal will be amplified on the
MSUB and then sent to the A/D component on the TGP.)

3.4.7 Gantry Fan Controls


The MSUB has two controls for gantry fans, which are controlled by firmware. A Solid State Relay
controls the power to the fans, which is external to the MSUB board. The fans have three levels of
operation: Off, Low, and High. All fans operate at the same control setting (Off, Low, High). When
the system is in a reset condition, the gantry fan default mode will be FAN_HIGH only. Once
firmware is up and running, the fans can change between these three speeds.
The gantry fans are accessible by service. There is one switch that toggles the gantry fans to the
High control setting and to firmware controlled position. There is not a switch for Low and High Fan
Speed.

3.4.8 Gantry Tilt Control


Potentiometer
Tilt position feedback is provided by a 5-turn potentiometer.
Tilt & Interference Detection
Sensors are mounted on the front and rear of the gantry. When the sensors are not pressed the
impedance is 20 kOhms. When the sensor is pressed, the resistance becomes near 0 Ohms. This
signal is decoded on the board, first to indicate that the maximum impedance of the sensor is 40
kOhms (fault condition). Second that the sensor is not a short circuit (interference condition). This
is done for both the front and rear sensors. If there is interference or a fault condition both tilt and
table elevation will be disabled.
The MSUB board intercepts the signals that currently go to the tilt elevation amp from the MSUB
board. The signals required for generating tilt (forward and backward) are decoded and sent to the
tilt relay board. Also the signal enabling elevation is also intercepted and another enable is created

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 23 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
so that the MSUB board can disable elevation if the interference sensor is in fault or interference is
detected.
Remote Tilt
The remote tilt switch is located at the console SCIM keyboard. The function is Prescribed Remote
Tilt, which means that these switches will only tilt the gantry to the prescribed RX position. This
feature enhances the productivity of the technologist as they can more easily position the gantry
between groups or series prescriptions. For patient safety, the Gantry Mounted Interference Touch
Panels will disable gantry motion if any contact is sensed on the surface of these panels.
The Prescribed Tilt board (2269601) detects the status of the push button, either pressed or
released, on the SCIM keyboard by the use of two independent paths. The MSUB receives one
differential hardwire signal line and one serial differential RS232 line to initiate remote tilt. When
both signal lines are active, a signal is sent to the TGP microprocessor. The MSUB sends the
remote tilt indication to the TGP board via a register in the MSUB FPGA. The microprocessor must
check for a stuck button condition. There is also a line that indicates fault status of the prescribed
tilt input to the board.
Gantry Contact Detection
Tape switches have been added to the tilting base of the gantry to detect if cables on the rotating
base are contacting the tilting base. The tape switches provide an interrupt to the TGP when the
switches are actuated.

3.4.9 Gantry Options Interface


The MSUB board is designed to provide isolated signal and ground signals for the Cardiac (ECG)
and Pulmonary (Spiro meter) units while providing signal communication with the MSUB Board.
Cardiac I/O
Two signals are provided for use with defined cardiac features: Exposure Command and R-Pulse.
R-Pulse is a signal received from the Gantry Options board, indicating when the heart is in a
particular part of the cardiac cycle. The status of the R-Pulse signal and a maskable positive edge
sensitive interrupt can be read back by the TGP via registers on the MSUB.
Pulmonary (Respiratory)
Two signals are provided for use with defined pulmonary features: Resp_mon and Resp-Pulse.
Resp-Pulse is a signal that is received from the Gantry Option board, indicating when the lungs are
in a particular part of the volumetric capacity. Resp-mon is a signal that is sent back to the monitor
to indicate when exposure is on. These signals are optically isolated from the pulmonary monitor
by the circuitry on the Gantry Options Board. Firmware can read the status of the latched Resp-
Pulse interrupt input signal. Firmware has the ability to mask and clear the interrupt condition that
can be read back by the TGP via registers on the MSUB.

3.5 Test Points & LEDs

Table 9: Test Points & LEDs


Schematic LED Color TP Abbr. Note
Page
3 DS04 GRN 12V_TBL_CAN
3 TP8 VCC VCC
3 TP2,22,2 LGND LGND
3,24
3 TP3 3V3 3V3
3 TP17 12VP_AXIAL 12VP_AX_DR

24 of 52 3 - MSUB Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 9: Test Points & LEDs (Continued)
Schematic LED Color TP Abbr. Note
Page
3 TP4 AGND
3 TP15 5V_AXCAN +5V_AXCAN
3 TP20 GND_AXCAN GND_AXCAN
3 TP7 12VN
3 TP5 PGND
3 TP6 24VP
3 TP1 12VP
11 DS13 GRN TP13 CHB CH_B
11 DS15 GRN TP14 CHC CH_C
11 DS14 GRN TP16 HFLG HOMEFLAG
11 DS10 GRN TP12 CHA CH_A
13 DS48 GRN FAN_SVC FAN_SVC
13 DS02 GRN FAN_24VP 24VP
13 DS45 GRN FAN_L FAN_L*
13 DS46 GRN FAN_H FAN_H*
13 DS44 GRN FAN_SP FAN_ENBL*
14 DS11 GRN AX_READY AX_FAULT
15 DS12 GRN AXBRK AX_BRAKE_OUT
16 TP19 MSUB SYNC MSUB_SYNC
16 TP21 MSUB TRIG MSUB_TRIG
19 DS50 GRN SYS MOD SYS_MODE
19 DS54 GRN LSPD SPD_LOW
19 DS52 GRN SVC MOD SVC_MODE
19 DS49 GRN JOG JOG_TST
19 DS51 GRN ROT ROT_TST
19 DS55 GRN HSPD SPD_HIGH
24 DS16 GRN TP18 AX_CAN
25 DS09 GRN TP11 TBL_CAN
28 DS38 GRN 12VN BALANCE SENSOR
1&2
28 DS43 GRN 12VP BALANCE SENSOR
1&2
28 DS47 GRN 12VP BRUSH DUST
SENSOR
28 DS34 GRN 12VN BRUSH DUST
SENSOR
28 DS53 GRN VCC BRUSH DUST
SENSOR
28 DS69 GRN TEMP VCC VCC
29 DS56 GRN ENC VCC VCC

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 25 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 9: Test Points & LEDs (Continued)
Schematic LED Color TP Abbr. Note
Page
32 DS71 GRN PDU_24VP 24Vdc from PDU
33 DS17 GRN SYSLITE SYSLITE
35 DS57 GRN GOB VCC VCC
35 DS70 GRN IHHC VCC VCC
41 DS01 GRN FW_LED1 FW_LED1
41 DS03 GRN FW_LED3 FW_LED3
41 DS06 GRN FW_LED2 FW_LED2
41 DS05 GRN FW_LED4 FW_LED4
44 DS41 GRN R_PULSE R_PULSE_IN
44 DS39 GRN RESP_PULSE RESP_PULSE_IN
44 DS40 GRN SPARE_PULSE SPARE_PULSE_IN
47 DS08 GRN TABLE DRIVE ENABLE
49 DS31 GRN EXP_CONT_CMD
49 DS20 GRN AX_CONT_CMD
49 DS22 GRN HVDC_CONT_CMD
49 TP27 SYSINTLK
49 TP25 AX_CLSELOOP
49 TP26 XG_CONT
50 DS26 GRN TP29 XRLITE
50 DS23 GRN TP28 RDYLITE
50 DS32 YLW DOOR INTERLOCK
FAULT
50 DS36 YLW PDU BUSS FAULT
50 DS35 YLW PDU OVERTMP FAULT
51 DS30 GRN ESTOP
51 TP10 PDU 24
51 TP9 SGND
52 DS37 YLW PHASE LOSS FAULT PHASE_LOSS_IN
52 DS28 GRN HVDC CONT RDBK XG_LOOP_CONT
52 DS25 GRN HVDC EN SW XG_CONT_SW
52 DS24 GRN AXIAL SCAN SW AXSCANSW
52 DS27 GRN AXIAL CONT RDBK LOOP_CONT
52 DS33 GRN HVDC SS RDBK KSS_CONT_SW
54 DS67 YLW FRONT SENSOR FSW_PRSNT
FAULT
54 DS63 GRN FRONT SENSOR FSW_DET
TOUCH
55 DS68 YLW REAR SENSOR FAULT RSW_PRSNT
55 DS65 GRN REAR SENSOR RSW_DET
TOUCH

26 of 52 3 - MSUB Board Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 9: Test Points & LEDs (Continued)
Schematic LED Color TP Abbr. Note
Page
57 DS58 GRN TILT ENABLE TILT_EN*
57 DS59 GRN FORWARD TILT FWD_TILT*
57 DS60 GRN BACK TILT BACK_TILT*
57 DS42 GRN TILT 24VP
58 DS61 GRN SPARE_LIMIT FWD_LIMIT
58 DS64 GRN TILT_SW FWD_INT
59 DS07 GRN TBL_PWR_RLY
32 DS71 GRN PDU_24VP

3.6 Fuses

Table 10: Fuses


Fuse # Rating Description
F01 1A Protects 24Vp to external GTFR fan relay control
F02 1A Protects 12Vn to external Brush Dust Sensor circuit
F03 1A Protects 12Vn to external Balance Sensors Circuit
F04 1A Protects 24Vp to external GTFR Tilt relay control
F05 1A Protects 12Vp to external Balance Sensor circuit
F06 1A Protects 12Vp to external Brush Dust Sensor Circuit
F07 1A Protects 5Vdc to external Brush Dust Sensor Circuit
F08 1A Protects 5Vdc to external Axial Encoder & Home Flag assemblies.
F09 1A Protects 5Vdc to external Cardiac Interface assemblies.
F10 1A Protects 5Vdc to external SmartView IHHC
F11 1A Protects 5Vdc to external Temperature Sensor Circuits

4 Service Switch Board


4.1 Switches

NOTICE When turning off gantry power using the service switch board, always ensure that 120VAC power
Equipment is ON while the HVDC is Enabled
Damage
Possible
Table 11: Switches
# Name Position Description
S1 Gantry 120VAC Enable ENBL Toggle switch enables Gantry 120VAC.
OFF 120 VAC Disabled

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 27 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 11: Switches
# Name Position Description
S2 Axial Drive Enable ENBL Toggle switch enables Axial Drive.
OFF Axial Drive Disabled
S3 HVDC Enable ENBL Toggle switch enables HVDC.
OFF HVDC Disabled:
S4 Service Switch Service Mode Service Position. When the switch is in this
position, the Gantry rotation is controlled
locally, by the other switches described
below.
Normal Mode System Position. When the switch is in this
position, the Gantry is controlled by the
Operator Console.
S5 Axial Service Test Switch Axial Rotates Gantry according to the selection of
Continuous the Speed Selection Switch SW6 (HIGH/
Rotation LOW)
OFF Do nothing. Idle_c
Axial Jog Jog Mode. This switch is a spring loaded
Rotation switch that enables Gantry rotation at a fixed
rotation speed.
S6 Axial Speed Switch High Speed High rotation speed in system
Low Speed Low rotation speed in system
S7 Force Gantry Fans Force Fans ON Toggle switch FAN High speed
Normal Mode Service FAN off
S8 E-STOP Reset Drives N/O Momentary PB, resets E-Stop. gantry drives
(Momentary PB,) enable circuit in PDU.

S9 Service Tilt Enable Switch Tilt Enable Enables Gantry Tilt in service mode.
OFF Gantry Tilt disabled in service mode
S10 Tilt Direction Switch Tilt Forward The Gantry tilts forward if TILT_ENBL is
(3 Position Momentary active and gantry has not tilted to maximum
(spring loaded) in both position before tilting.
direction back to center
OFF)

OFF Do nothing.
Tilt Backward The Gantry tilts backward if TILT_ENBL is
active and gantry has not tilted to maximum
position before tilting.

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DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
4.2 LEDs

Table 12: LEDs


# NAME COLOR Description
DS1 120VAC ENABLE GREEN 120VAC Enabled
DS2 120VAC ON YELLOW Contact for 120VAC in PDU is ON.
DS3 AXIAL DRIVE ENABLE GREEN Axial Drive Enabled
DS4 AXIAL DRIVE ON YELLOW Contact for Axial Drive in PDU is ON.
DS5 HVDC ENABLE GREEN HVDC Enabled
DS6 HVDC ON YELLOW Contact for HVDC in PDU is ON.
DS7 FAN HIGH GREEN Indicates that FAN is controlled as Force FAN
on.
DS8 SERVICE MODE YELLOW Indicates that current mode is service mode.
DS9 NORMAL MODE GREEN Indicates that current mode is normal mode.
DS10 CONTINUOUS YELLOW Indicates that the direction of Axial service test
ROTATION switch is Continuous rotation side.
DS11 JOG ROTATION GREEN Indicates that the direction of Axial service test
switch is Jog rotation side.
DS12 HIGH SPEED YELLOW Indicates that the direction of Axial speed
switch is High speed side.
DS13 LOW SPEED YELLOW Indicates that the direction of Axial speed
switch is Low speed side.
DS14 TILT ENABLE SW GREEN Indicates that TILT ENABLE SW is ON at
STATUS service mode.
DS15 TILT FORWARD GREEN Indicates that TILT Direction SW is Forward
side when TILT Enable SW is ON side at
service mode.
DS16 TILT BACKWARD GREEN Indicates that TILT Direction SW is Backward
side when TILT Enable SW is ON side at
service mode.
DS17 DRIVES RESET YELLOW When Gantry is in an emergency state, flashing
ON and OFF.
After Emergency state is reset, LED is turned
ON.

5 ORP Board
5.1 Overview
ORP stands for On-Board Rotating Processor.
The ORP provides the central communication point for the rotating subsystems. This board controls
the LSCOM bi-directional communication with the TGP board via slip rings, and, according to the
instructions from the TGP board, communicates and interfaces with components equipped on the
rotating gantry.
Other functions of the board include:

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 29 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
• Interfaces the exposure enable control signal via slip rings.
• Communicates with the DAS and collimator via RCIB-1 (Rotating Controller Interface Bus -1).
• Communicates with the Jedi generator via RCIB-2.
• Provides power and control for the alignment lights.
• Receives the thermal sensor analog input.
• Perform the power supply voltage monitoring.
• Has a self-contained logic power regulation allowing isolated input power.

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DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
5.2 Block Diagram
Figure 10: ORP Board Block Diagram

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 31 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
5.2.1 Hardware Description
Brief descriptions about the main devices on the board are written below:
• Multi-chip Module (MCM): This module (HJ935060BP) includes the following:
- CPU (SH7709A): 133 MHz
- SDRAM: 16 Mbytes
• FPGA: The FPGA performs many of the ORP board functions.

5.2.2 Input and Output Signals

Table 13: Input and Output Signals


Direction Signal
(Communication) (LSCOM:)
From/To Slip rings SER_INBOUND, SER_OUTBOUND, SER_REF
(Communication) CAN1
From RCIB1 (DCB/CCB)
(Communication) CAN2
From/To RCIB2 (Jedi)
From Slip ring EXP_ENBL
From RCIB1 (DCB/CCB) PSFB1, FAULT1
From RCIB2 (Jedi) X-ray ON, PSFB2, FAULT2
From Remote thermal sensor
To Alignment lights
To RCIB1 (DCB/CCB) DAS-TRIG, EXPCMD, RESET1
To RCIB2 (Jedi) DAS-TRIG, EXPCMD, RESET2

5.3 FPGA
The FPGA on the ORP board performs major functions of the board.
This FPGA has the following functions:
• LSCOM control
• Chip selection
• Store of Revision No.
• I/O gate
• Output register
• Status register
• Interrupt control
• X-ray control
Some of the functions above are described below:
LSCOM Control
The ORP processor communicates with the TGP board via this FPGA and slip rings. The LSCOM
has the encoding/decoding function of serial signal, and transmits/receives data in virtual ethernet
environment, and a hardware signal (EXP_ENBL) between ORP and TGP.
Revision No.
The FPGA stores the part No., variation No., and revision No. of the ORP board.

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DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
X-ray Control
The FPGA controls gates for DAS_TRIG and EXPCMD signals.

5.4 Watchdog Circuits


The ORP board has a watchdog timer function. The watchdog deters uncontrolled run of firmware,
if it took place.

5.5 Interfaces

5.5.1 Communication
Ethernet
Although the ORP has an Ethernet Controller chip, this is used for development only.
CAN (Controller Area Network)
The ORP board has two CAN channels: CAN1 and CAN2. CAN1 is used for connection of the DCB
and CCB, while CAN2 is used for connection of the Jedi generator.
LSCOM (Low Speed Communication) via Slip Rings
LSCOM is the communication way between ORP and TGP via slip rings.
It uses three signals: SER_SREF (reference signal), SER_OUTBOUND (transmit signal), and
SER_INBOUND (receive signal).
The LSCOM interface needs an isolated +/- 5Vdc bipolar power supply to power the driver/receiver
circuits. In addition, optical isolation is maintained between the slip rings and the ORP logic circuits.
EXP_ENBL Signal via Slip Ring
The ORP board receives EXP_ENBL signal from the TGP board via a slip ring for interrupting
EXPCMD signal to JEDI.

5.5.2 Alignment Lights


The ORP board provides +5Vdc power to the alignment lights. As shown in Figure 11, the OPR
provides four control lines which are independent of among others, allowing, for example,
extinguishing three lights and switching on only one light.

Figure 11: Alignment Light Control

+5V +5V

Photo-MOS

L_ON_P1

L_ON_P2
To
CONNECTOR

L_ON_P3

L_ON_P4

+5V

S1

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 33 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
5.5.3 Voltage Monitoring
The ORP provides an A/D interface for monitoring the on-board regulated power supplies: +12V (for
RCIB1 and RCIB2) / +5V (for logic circuits).

5.5.4 Thermal Sensor


The ORP CPU receives signals from thermal sensors: one (LM35DM) is located on the board itself,
and the other (LM35DP) is located outside the board.
• Temperature measurement range: 2 – 55.0 degrees C
• Accuracy: +/- 1.5 degree C
The signals are converted to digital data by the CPU built-in A/D converter.

5.5.5 User Interface


Switches

Table 14: Switches


Switch Description
Reset for hardware reset
TEST for board test
Alignment Light for manual on, auto
Switch

LEDs

Table 15: LSCOM Related


Name Description
Violation Indicates that the current word is not valid.
VHist Indicates that a violation has occurred.
Link Disconnect Indicates that the serial input is not connected.
RX Busy Indicates that the receive state machine is busy.
TX Busy Indicates that the transmit state machine is busy.
Reset The board is currently in reset (Used for troubleshooting
the hard reset across the slip ring).
Rhist The board has been reset (Used for troubleshooting the
hard reset across the slip ring).

Table 16: RCIB Related


Name Description
PSOK1 Indicates that the RCIB1 loop back signal (+12V) is
sensed.
PSOK2 Indicates that the RCIB2 loop back signal (+12V) is
sensed.

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Table 17: CPU Related
Name Description
Run Blinks at the time of program operation.
Error The light is switched on at the time of error generating, and
is put out at the time of an error dissolution.
Error Hist Indicates that an Error has occurred.
Other four LEDs (Not defined)

Test Pins

Table 18: Test Pins


TP# Name Description
1 P24_IN +24V (Source)
2 P24_RTN +24V GND
3 P12 +12V for RCIB
4 P5 +5V for Logic
5 P3_3 +3.3V for Logic
6 P2_5 +2.5V
7 P1_9 +1.9V
8 LGND GND for Logic
9 +5V_ISO +5V for LSCOM
10 -5V_ISO -5V for LSCOM
11 IGND GND for LSCOM
12 AGND Analog GND
13 ON_TEMP On board Temperature signal
14 RMT_TEMP Remote Temperature signal
15 MONI_P12 Voltage monitoring at +12V
16 MONI_P5 Voltage monitoring at +5V
17 DAS_TRIGGER DAS trigger signal
18 FINAL_EXP Final exposure signal
19 FLT1 FLT control signal of RCIB1
20 FLT2 FLT control signal of RCIB2
21 PSOK1 PSFB signal of RCIB1
22 PSOK2 PSFB signal of RCIB2
23 XRON_IN Xray on signal of RCIB1,2
24 ERROR_INJECT Error inject signal
25 LGND GND for Logic
26 DAS_TRIG(LSCOM) DAS trigger signal in FPGA
27 EXPCMD(LSCOM) Exposure signal in FPGA

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 35 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

6 Axial Control
6.1 Axial Motion & Control
The MSUB implements many of the sub-functions of the axial control system. The hardware
involved in the axial servo drive consists of the MSUB, the Axial Motor Drive, the Axial Motor, Axial
Motor Dynamic Brake Assembly, Axial Encoder, Axial Drive Belt and Axial Home Flag. See
Figure 12.

Figure 12: Axial Control Block Diagram

Axial Drive, Motor

CAN
Motor
Enable
MSUB Run
Motor Gear Ratio 13:1
Start
Encoder AB
Feedback 1336
Plus II Gantry
At Speed

At Position
At Frequency
3 Phase 440 VAC
Drive Power Encoder Gear Ratio 13:1

Enc
Axial Drive
Power Control
NGPDU
Home Flag
Detection
Encoder Pulses

Home Flag

The Axial Drive Power Contactor in the PDU controls the 3 phase, 440 VAC input of the Axial Motor
Drive Module. There are interlocks in the power contactor control for an Axial Enable/Disable switch
located on the Service Switch board.
The Axial Motor Drive module is supplied with enable, speed, brake and direction information from
the MSUB board. The Axial Motor Drive monitors the axial speed and direction internally, as well
as receiving axial encoder feedback from the MSUBI board for fine speed control. The combination
of internal and external control allows the drive module to modulate the frequency of the AC output,
allowing the gantry to rotate at a maximum speed of 0.35 seconds per revolution in the clockwise
direction. Note, the drive module will not drive in a counter-clockwise direction under normal control.
The Axial Motor is an AC induction type. The axial brake engages the motor shaft and is meant as
a static brake to hold the gantry still once it has been positioned by the axial drive.
The motor is coupled to the rotating bearing with a belt, with a gear ratio of 13 motor rotations to 1
gantry bearing rotation. An optical “slip-flag” detector senses a metal flag that rotates through it
once every bearing revolution. The slip-flag information is used for axial coincidence as a position
reference and over-speed sensing.
The encoder is directly coupled to the rotating bearing next to the Axial Drive Belt. It is interfaced
with a direct contact gear as weighted assembly with a 13 to 1 gear ratio, the same as the axial
motor to rotating bearing. This arrangement allows for simplified transfer functions for speed control
and more accurate positioning of DAS trigger generation versus motor mounted encoder packag-
ing. The axial encoder is an incremental encoder and provides 2048 counts per encoder rotation.

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DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
The information from the encoder is decoded on the MSUB board and used for gantry position and
speed control as well as DAS trigger generation. The MSUB firmware verifies the encoder counts
to be 106496 ± 3 counts per gantry revolution referenced to home coincidence.
The axial dynamic brake assembly is used to dissipate energy originating from the induction motor.
Axial braking is accomplished by reducing the frequency applied to the motor leads to a level lower
than the current operating point of the motor windings. This is termed negative slip. Negative slip
generates electrical field resistance or negative torque within the windings. At the same time the
motor windings generate voltage raising the motor lead voltage. This excess voltage is dissipated
by the dynamic braking module via load resistors and chopper circuit control via the AXDC bus. This
means that 440 VAC is always applied to the Axial Motor Drive module to both accelerate and
decelerate the gantry. Loss of this voltage will result in the gantry coasting to stop—this can take
more than a minute.
Scan start/stop and Autovoice control are implemented using switches on the console keyboard
assembly. A hard-key processor on the keyboard assembly is hard-wired to the MSUB board via a
UART serial link. The hard-key processor monitors the status of the “Start Scan” and “Stop Scan”
switches on the keyboard assembly. Upon closure of the Start Scan switch contacts, the hard-key
processor sends a “start scan” message to the TGP via the MSUB board, indicating that the scan
should start. This communications link is also used to signal the start of Autovoice messages.

6.2 Axial Motor Drive (AMD Assembly)


The AMD Assembly consists of an Interface Board, AC Drive, Dynamic Brake Assembly, harnesses
and 2 power sources. Figure 13 shows a block diagram of the AMD assembly.

Figure 13: AMD Hardware Block Diagram

Axial Drive Dynamic


Brake
CAN 120 VAC Assembly
Enable
Run
DC Bus
Start
MSUB Encoder Axial AC
Interface Drive Motor
Feedback
Board Shaft
Holding
Brake Motor
At Speed

At Position
At Frequency

3 Phase PWM Bus

Axial Brake

6.3 General Axial Drive Function


The Axial Motor Drive (AMD) provides three phase power to the Axial AC motor. In addition to the
MSUB board, the axial motor requires an external Axial Dynamic Brake Module. The AMD is a 2
part integrated device, Axial Interface board (AIF) and AC Drive. The axial firmware controls the
acceleration, run, and deceleration cycles of the axial motor. The axial control firmware resides in
the TGP CPU and sends drive instructions to the MSUB board.
The MSUB communicates with the AC Drive through the AIF, located on the AMD assembly. The
AMD interprets the instructions and configures itself to execute the commands. The AMD has its
own self contained firmware. The drive converts 3 phase 440 VAC input power to three phase Axial

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 37 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
HEM (High Efficiency Motor Drive) power. This motor drive power is applied directly to the axial
motor for acceleration, run and braking functions.
Refer to Figure 13. Control signals travel from the MSUB Board to the AMD through the Axial
Interface harness. The AIF routes the signals to the AC Drive.

6.4 Axial Controller Interface Bus (ACIB)


The ACIB is the umbilical cord that links the Axial Motor Drive to the MSUB board. This link consists
of the signals listed below. Each signal is a differential pair for noise immunity.
• Isolated 12VDC is generated by the AMD that powers the Controller Area Network (CAN)
drivers.
• Axial Enable is available to the AMD to determine when gantry rotation begins and ends.
• CAN Serial Line is used for the transmission of control signals. It must be terminated by a
120 ohm resistor at the beginning and end of the cable. This particular CAN line is referenced
as the AX_CAN bus.
• Fault Line is the primary means to inform the MSUB board of a fault. The fault line is asserted
by the AMD under the following conditions:
- The controller is reset
- A Fault is detected by the controller
Reset is asserted by the MSUB when it becomes desirable to reset the AMD. The MSUB resets the
AMD via a command register or during a MSUB reset.

6.4.1 Axial CAN (AX_CAN)


The MSUB uses the 82527 CAN protocol controller and CAN bus interface circuitry to communicate
with the AMD Assembly. This is a bidirectional serial link. The 82527 interrupts the Altera controller
(FPGA) with the AX_DRIVE_COMM* signal to indicate a status change of the 82527. The 82527
communicates with the Altera (FPGA) directly via AXADDR and DATA buses on the MSUB. The
82527 uses the 16MHz clock for timing. The board AXRESET* signal resets the 82527.
U26 and U24 optically isolate the AX_CAN bus from the MSUB board circuitry. U28, the CAN
transceiver chip, resides on the isolated side of the CAN interface. The optically isolated side of the
AX_CAN receives power from an isolated 12 volt, 125 mA supply located on the AMD. VR1
regulates this 12 volt supply down to 5 volts (+5V_AXCAN). This isolated 5 volt supply provides
power to the isolated side of the AX_CAN interface. The AX_CAN output signals are AX_CAN_H
and AX_CAN_L. R339 provides the required CAN bus termination for the MSUB Board end of the
AX_CAN bus.
DS12 illuminates whenever U26 receives data over the AX_CAN bus.

6.4.2 MSUB to AMD Interface Overview


The communications between the MSUB and AMD consist of:
• Bidirectional CAN serial communications bus: a 125 Kbaud bidirectional serial link, used to
convey commands and status information.
• AX_Fault signal from the AMD to MSUB.
• AX_AT-SPD* signal from the AMD to the MSUB.
• AX_AT_FREQ* signal from the AMD to the MSUB.
• AX_AT_POS* signal from the AMD to the MSUB.
• AX_EN_P, AX_EN_N signal from the MSUB to the AMD
• AX_ENC_CHA/CHB signals from the MSUB to the AMD
• Three-wire start-stop signal

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The opto-isolated Enable, Start, and Stop signals from the MSUB to the AMD provide a contact
closure as an input to the AMD. The Enable contacts close electrically to enable the AMD, the Start
contacts close electrically to start the AMD, and the Stop contacts close electrically to enable the
AMD to run and open electrically to stop the AMD. The Enable, Start, and Stop opto-isolators carry
10mA with less than a 3V drop when closed, and withstand 5V when the contacts open.
The fault signal from the AMD to the MSUB consists of the AX_FLT and AX_FLT_RTN signal wires.
The circuit uses drives with a normally-open fault contact. If either the fault signal wires open
electrically, the MSUB generates a fault condition. If the AX_SPD_FRQ_RTN signal wire opens
during operation, the system can report either AX_AT_SPD or AX_AT_FREQ errors.
The AX_AT_SPD*, AX_AT_FREQ* AND AX_AT_POS* are active low or NO FAULT conditions
during normal axial operations. These signals should be high with the gantry rotation idle. The
AX_FLT is a normally low signal. If this signal goes high, then the AX_FAULT_CONTACTS in the
AMD have opened and you have a fault.
If the motor is at or above Frequency for the phase it is currently in, then AT SPEED will be satisfied
and closes. AT SPEED will then open when the phase changes transition, and waits for the motor
to be at or above Frequency again for this next phase, then will close if the motor reaches
Frequency. This will continue throughout the entire rotation cycle, Accel, Run, and Brake. It is key
to know that the AMD module will try to drive the motor to the correct speed, and if it cannot attain
the speed requested, the current will max out at a specific level and not drive any higher, the result
will be that the motor could not make it to the correct frequency in the allotted time for that phase,
and the AT SPEED fault will be seen.

6.4.3 AMD Stop and Start


The discrete start and stop signals to the AMD are opto-coupled logic signals. The STOP_AXIAL
signal must equal a logic high for the AMD to start acceleration, continue acceleration or run. The
logic high STOP_AXIAL signal creates a low impedance between the STOP_AXIAL and
STRT_STP_COM output signals, which permits the AMD to accelerate or run.
When the START_AXIAL signal goes to a logic high (causing a low impedance between the
START_AXIAL and STRT_STP_COM outputs) and the STOP_AXIAL signal equals a logic high,
the AMD begins to accelerate (if it hasn’t already done so). Once acceleration begins, the AMD
continues to advance along its acceleration profile, or continues to run, regardless of the logic
condition of the START_AXIAL signal. The AMD begins to decelerate (if it is running) whenever the
STOP_AXIAL signal goes to a logic low.

6.4.4 AXDC Bus Voltage Monitoring


This function is performed within the AMD module. Errors are reported to the MSUB Board.

6.4.5 CAN Error Detection


CAN implements five error detection mechanisms: three at the message level and two at the bit level.
NOTE: CAN will retry up to 128 times before logging an error.
The following mechanisms are at the message level:
• Cyclic Redundancy Checks (CRC) - Every transmitted message contains a 15 bit Cyclic
Redundancy Check (CRC) code. The CRC is computed by the transmitter and is based on the
message content. All receivers that accept the message perform a similar calculation and flag
any errors.
• Frame Checks - There are certain predefined bit values that must be transmitted at certain
points within any CAN Message Frame. If a receiver detects an invalid bit in one of these
positions, a Form Error (sometimes also known as For at Error) will be flagged.
• Acknowledgement Error Checks - If a transmitter determines that a message has not been
acknowledged, then an ACK Error is flagged.
• The following mechanisms are at the bit level:

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 39 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
• Bit Monitoring - Any transmitter automatically monitors and compares the actual bit level on
the bus with the level that it transmitted. If the two are not the same, then a bit error is flagged.
• Bit Stuffing - CAN uses a technique known as bit stuffing as a check on communication
integrity. After five consecutive identical bit levels have been transmitted, the transmitter will
automatically inject (stuff) a bit of the opposite polarity into the bit stream. Receivers of the
message will automatically delete (de-stuff) such bits before processing the message in any
way. Because of the bit stuffing rule, if any receiving node detects six consecutive bits of the
same level, a stuff error is flagged.

6.5 Axial Motor Drive

6.5.1 Axial Motor Drive (AMD)


The Axial Motor Drive is a customized version of a commercially available Allen-Bradley Model
1336 Plus II variable frequency AC motor drive. It contains its own microprocessor, power supplies
and a three-phase full bridge inverter. The AMD communicates with the MSUB board through a
CAN (Controller Area Network) serial bus.

6.5.2 Jumper Settings for the Axial Motor Drive

Figure 14: Axial Motor Drive Encoder Board Jumpers

5V 12V

J2

ENC A

5V 12V

J1

ENC B
TB3
20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36
19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

35

The AMD Encoder board jumpers J1 and J2 should be set for 5V.

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GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Figure 15: Axial Motor Drive Control Board Jumpers
J1 Ribbon Cable

SPARES
J24
J2

J9 Analog I/O
J16 Slot A

J21

J13
POT
To TB2-4
AN1
To TB2-3
To TB2-2
J20 To TB2-1

J14 J8
POT
J10 Analog I/O
AN0
Slot B

J11
POT

AN2
To TB2-9
To TB2-8
To TB2-7
To TB2-6
J4

The AMD Control board jumpers are all factory default settings. See Figure 15 for specifics.

6.6 Axial Control Error Messages


The Axial II Control Board receives certain detected error conditions, generally related to
communication or functional interfaces to the AMD. Many of these messages contain variable
fields. The general description has been provided for clarity.

Table 19: Axial Control Error Messages


ERROR MESSAGE TEXT
CODE Drive error messages are posted as 260006500. In the body of the error log entry the fault code
CLASS will be posted in the format of FXX
260006500
F01 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F02 Auxiliary Fault. The interlock between the Chopper Control circuit on
the axial I/F Board and the Drive is open. Possible Chopper Control
fault or connections to the I/F board. Also check the fuse on the
chopper resistor pan.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 41 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 19: Axial Control Error Messages (Continued)
ERROR MESSAGE TEXT
CODE Drive error messages are posted as 260006500. In the body of the error log entry the fault code
CLASS will be posted in the format of FXX
260006500
F03 Power Loss Fault. The Drive internal DC bus remained low for >500mS.
Possible low voltage condition on 480 VAC in gantry or power
interruption. Also may indicate excessive run or braking power required
due to sluggish Motor.
F04 Undervoltage Fault. The Drive internal DC bus voltage dropped below
325V. Possible low voltage condition on 480 VAC in gantry or power
interruption. Also, may indicate excessive run or braking power
required due to sluggish Motor.
F05 Overvoltage Fault. The Drive internal DC bus voltage has exceeded 810V.
Possible failure of axial I/F Board Chopper Control or excessive motor
regeneration from AXMotor during braking.
F06 Motor Stall Fault. The Drive output current has exceeded 12.6A for >
4 seconds. Possible Motor frozen bearing or shorted Motor winding.
Defective Motor and/or cabling.
F07 Overload Fault. The Drive output current has exceeded 9.7A for an
extended time. Possible Motor sticky bearing or shorted Motor winding.
Also, possible defective Motor and/or cabling.
F08 Overtemp Fault. The Drive heatsink temperature has exceeded 90C (195F).
Check for blocked or dirty heat sink fins. Also check if the gantry
ambient temperature has exceeded 40C (104F).
F09 Open Pot Fault. Potentiometer speed control is not used in this system.
This fault code indicates a possible corrupted configuration
parameter, defective Drive or Control Board. Retry operation.
F10 Serial Fault. This fault code indicates a possible corrupted configur-
ation parameter, defective Drive or Control Board. Retry Operation.
F11 Op Error Fault. This fault code indicates a possible corrupted config-
uration parameter, defective Drive or Control Board. Retry Operation.
F12 Overcurrent Fault. Check for a short circuit at the drive output or
excessive load conditions at the motor.
F13 Ground Fault. Check the motor and external wiring to the drive output
terminals for a grounded condition.
F14 Option Error. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a defective
Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the factory for
instructions.
F15 Motor Thermistor. System detected and open or short in the Motor
Thermistor. Retry Check connections to thermistor and motor heat.
F16 Bipolar directional fault detected by the axial drive.
F17 C167 Watchdog. Internal Drive Fault. Perform Reset of the Drive. If
the problem. Retry is frequent the Drives main control board is
suspect replace drive.
F18 Hardware Trap. Internal Drive Fault. Perform Reset of the Drive. If
the problem. Retry is frequent the Drives main control board is
suspect replace drive.
F19 Precharge Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F20 The load loss detect is set to enabled and the drive output torque
current was below the load loss level for a time period greater then
the load loss time.

42 of 52 6 - Axial Control Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 19: Axial Control Error Messages (Continued)
ERROR MESSAGE TEXT
CODE Drive error messages are posted as 260006500. In the body of the error log entry the fault code
CLASS will be posted in the format of FXX
260006500
F21 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F22 DSP Reset Fault. Power up has occurred with an open Stop_AX2 or closed
Start_AX2* signal. Check Control Board and wiring between Drive and
STC.
F23 Loop Overrun Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware
failure in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace
the Drive.
F24 Motor Mode Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F25 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F26 Power Mode Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F27 DSP Comm Fault. Internal Drive Fault. Perform Reset of the Drive. If
the problem. Retry is frequent the Drives main control board is
suspect replace drive.
F28 DSP Timeout Fault. Internal Drive Fault. Perform Reset of the Drive.
If the problem. Retry is frequent the Drives main control board is
suspect replace drive.
F29 Hertz Error Fault. This fault code indicates an operating frequency
parameter was out of range. Possible corrupted configuration
parameter, defective Drive or Control Board. Retry Operation.
F30 Hertz Select Fault. This fault code indicates an operating frequency
parameter was out of range. Possible corrupted configuration
parameter, defective Drive or Control Board. Retry Operation.
F31 DSP Queue Fault. Internal Drive Fault. Perform Reset of the Drive. If
the problem. Retry is frequent the Drives main control board is
suspect replace drive.
F32 EEprom Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure in
the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F33 Max Retries Fault. The Drive unsuccessfully tried to reset a fault.
See message(s) above for original problem.
F34 Prm Access Flt. Verify that the [Run Boost] parameter is less than or
equal to the [Start Boost] parameter.
F35 Negative Slope Fault. This fault code indicates a Volts / Hertz
programming error. Possible corrupted configuration parameter,
defective Drive or Control Board. Retry Operation.
F36 Diag C Lim Fault. Check programming of [Cur Lim Trip En] parameter.
Check for excess load, improper DC boost setting, DC brake volts set
too high or other causes of excess current.
F37 P Jump Error Fault
F38 Phase U Fault\n\
A phase to ground short has been detected in the U phase. Check the
wiring\n\
between the drive and Motor. Check Motor for grounded primary winding.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 43 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 19: Axial Control Error Messages (Continued)
ERROR MESSAGE TEXT
CODE Drive error messages are posted as 260006500. In the body of the error log entry the fault code
CLASS will be posted in the format of FXX
260006500
F39 Phase V Fault. A phase to ground short has been detected in the V phase.
Check the wiring between the drive and Motor. Check Motor for grounded
primary winding.
F40 Phase W Fault. A phase to ground short has been detected in the W phase.
Check the wiring between the drive and Motor. Check Motor for grounded
primary winding.
F41 UV Short Fault. A phase to phase short has been detected between the
U & V phases. Check the wiring between the drive and Motor. Check
Motor for shorted primary.
F42 UW Short Fault. A phase to phase short has been detected between the
U & W phases. Check the wiring between the drive and Motor. Check
Motor for shorted primary.
F43 VW Short Fault. A phase to phase short has been detected between the
V & W phases. Check the wiring between the drive and Motor. Check
Motor for shorted primary.
F44 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F45 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F46 Power Test Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Check all connections to the Power/Driver Board. Retry
operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F47 Transistor Saturation Fault. This fault code indicates a possible
hardware failure in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist,
replace the Drive.
F48 Reprogram Fault. Reset the STC or cycle power to the drive.
F49 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F50 Poles Calc Fault
F51 Background 10ms Over. This fault code indicates a possible hardware
failure in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace
the Drive.
F52 Foreground 10ms Over. This fault code indicates a possible hardware
failure in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace
the Drive.
F53 EE Init Read. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure in
the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F54 EE Init Value. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F55 Temp Sense Open. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F56 Precharge Open. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F57 Ground Warning. Check the Motor and external wiring to the drive output
terminals for a grounded condition.

44 of 52 6 - Axial Control Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Table 19: Axial Control Error Messages (Continued)
ERROR MESSAGE TEXT
CODE Drive error messages are posted as 260006500. In the body of the error log entry the fault code
CLASS will be posted in the format of FXX
260006500
F58 Blown Fuse Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware failure
in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace the Drive.
F59 Undefined Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F60 Encoder Loss. This indicates that the axial drive can not sense the
axial encoder. Possible causes are:Encoder, cabling, unplugged Axial
II Control Board or improper axial drive encoder jumper setting.
F61 Mult Prog Input. Multiple functions selected may indicate a defective
Drive. Retry More than one function has been programed reset hardware.
F62 III Prog Input. Multiple functions selected may indicate a defective
Drive. Retry Config file or Drive Eprom may be corrupt reset hardware.
F63 Shear Pin Fault. Output Amps exceeds program limits Check Axial
hardware and belt. Retry Look for slippage in Axial drive hardware or
Axial Drive Belt.
F64 Power Overload. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F65 Adapter Frequency Error. This fault code indicates an operating
frequency parameter was out of range. Possible corrupted configuration
parameter, defective Drive or Control Board. Retry Operation.
F66 EEprom Checksum Fault. This fault code indicates a possible hardware
failure in the Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist, replace
the Drive.
F67 Sync Loss Fault. This fault code is undefined and may indicate a
defective Drive. Retry operation. If problems persist contact the
factory for instructions.
F68 ROM or RAM Loss Fault. Internal power-up tests did not execute
properly. Check Language Module. Retry operation. If problems persist,
replace the Drive.
F69 Open Output Fault. An undercurrent condition has been detected in one
or more of the Drive output wires. Check the wiring between the drive
and the Motor. Check the Motor for an open primary winding.
F70 Phase Unbalance Fault. An imbalance between Drive output phase currents
has been detected. Check the wiring between the drive and the Motor.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 45 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
6.7 Axial Dynamic Brake Assembly
This assembly provides logic and control power for the AMD when the Axial Power Contactor is
open. During gantry deceleration, excess AMD AXDC bus power is dissipated through chopper
load resistors.

Figure 16: Dynamic Brake Module

Dynamic Brak e Bd
2 3 3 7 22 7

F1 2 0 A Fast
8 8
50 50

J1
DCBus 1
from 50 50
2
Ax ial Drive

Fault
J2 Det ect or
F2 7 A slo blo J5
1
1 2 0 VAC Fault I nt erlock 9
2
t o Ax ial Drive 1 0

6.7.1 Chopper Control


The Dynamic Brake board Chopper circuit helps dissipate excess energy in the Axial Motor Drive’s
internal AXDC bus. The Chopper circuit is always active in this application. As the motor
decelerates, it acts as a generator, which converts some of the kinetic energy to current. The Axial
Motor Drive channels this current into the AXDC bus, which causes the voltage on the bus to rise.
If the bus voltage exceeds 810V, the drive will disable itself and abort the braking process. When
the braking process aborts, the gantry coasts to a stop. The chopper circuit limits the bus voltage
to approximately 750V to prevent the gantry from coasting.
The Axial Motor Drive’s AXDC voltage powers the circuit at J1 of the Dynamic Brake board. Two
7500 ohm 40W chassis mounted dropping resistors, connected at J1 & J2, limit the power supply
current to <50 mA. CR4 regulates the nominal 15V to power the Chopper Control circuit. LED DS1
illuminates to indicate the presence of circuit power.

6.7.2 Filter Board


The filter board adds differential mode and common mode capacitance to the Axial Motor Drive
internal AXDC bus, to reduce the electrical noise created by the switching IGBTs. This board is
required for EMI/EMC compatibility.

6.7.3 Chopper Resistor Assembly


The chopper resistor assembly provides a high power dissipation load to the AMD bus, if required
during axial braking. The chopper resistor configuration resembles the shunt regulator. The
Dynamic Brake board contains the actual chopper switching element (an IGBT).
When the axial induction motor brakes, it can momentarily generate a current. When this happens,
the AMD converts some of the rotational energy to electrical energy and returns it to the internal
AXDC bus causing a rise in the bus voltage. If the AXDC bus voltage exceeds ~750V, the chopper
IGBT turns on and discharges the excess energy through resistors A4R1, A4R2, A4R3, & A4R4.

46 of 52 6 - Axial Control Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
The IGBT turns off when the voltage drops below ~700V. This process continues as long as
necessary to keep the bus voltage below ~750V. Normally this action occurs for less than 5 seconds
during the brake cycle. At all other times the IGBT remains off and essentially “disconnects” the
resistors from the bus. The intermittent duty cycles permits the use of resistors with a much lower
power rating than a continuous duty cycle would require.
Because the circuit uses the intermittent duty rated resistors A4R1, A4R2, A4R3, & A4R4, it
contains fuse A4F1 to isolate the resistors from the bus in the event of a control failure. If a fault
occurs, A4SCR1 fires and crowbars the bus. The anode of A4SCR1 connects to taps on resistor
A4R1 & A4R2, nominally set to 8 ohms each from the fused end. When the SCR fires, the high
current load it creates causes fuse A4F1 to open and disconnect the resistor assembly from the
bus, to isolate the fault.

6.7.4 Step-Up Transformer


500VA isolation transformer, T1, is configured as a nominal 115:380 V step-up transformer. T1
provides the 24 hour power to the AMD that is needed to maintain communication with the MSUB.
Diodes inside the AMD rectify the ~380VAC to create a nominal 500 VDC bus (no load, with 120
VAC input). DC to DC converters inside the drive develop power for its internal logic from this bus.
T1 should normally never provide power for axial braking.

6.7.5 Bridge Rectifier


Bridge Rectifier CR1 connects in series between the T1 step-up transformer and the AMD AXDC
bus as the logic and control power source for the drive. The drive internal bus voltage always equals
the greater of either the braking voltage or the T1 voltage.

6.7.6 Dropping Resistors


Chassis mounted dropping resistors R4 & R5 limit the chopper circuit power supply current derived
from the AMD AXDC bus to <50 mA. The Chopper Control supply is referenced to the AXDC bus
return, NOT to ground. NEVER reference this voltage to ground.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 47 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION

7 HSDCD Slip Ring Architecture


Figure 17: HSDCD Slip Ring Architecture
Ring 9

a
nn
te
HSDCD An

r
ive
Ring 1
Emitter (Ring 10)

ce
Re
Ring 9 SER_INBOUND
Brush
Ring 8 SER_REF
Block
Ring 7 SER_OUTBOUND
Assembly
Ring 6 EXP_ENBL

Ring 5 GND

Ring 4 AC HOT
850 MBaud
HSDCD
Ring 3 AC NEUTRAL RING

Ring 2 -HVDC

Ring 1 +HVDC Note: Rings 7 and 9 are both referenced to ring 8.


Signal names depend on which host is
"receiving" control data.
DAS Data is transmitted across the HSDCD from the
transmitter to the antenna/receiver only.
Ring 6 comprises the saftey interlock circuitry.

7.1 HSDCD Communications


Figure 18: HSDCD Slip Ring Communications

Fiber Optic Out

Receiver

Fiber Optic In
Terminators Antenna

Transmitter

7.1.1 HSDCD Modulation


DAS data received by the transmitter is converted into HSDCD (High Speed Data Capacitive
Device) differential signalling. The transmitter converts its input to differential signals on the ring
itself. The antenna is capacitively coupled to the ring and passes the differential signal to the

48 of 52 7 - HSDCD Slip Ring Architecture Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
receiver. The receiver converts and amplifies the differential signal to the original transmitter data
input format.

Figure 19: HSDCD Modulation

Transmitter
Input

HSDCD
Differential
Signal

Antenna

Receiver
Output

7.1.2 Data Rate


Serial Taxi DAS Data is transmitted at a rate of850 MBaud. Each bit cell is 1.2 nanoseconds wide.
Each word consists of 16 bits within 20 bit encoding, so each word cell is 24 nanoseconds wide.

7.1.3 HSDCD Transmitter


The function of the transmitter is to take DAS data from its fiber-optic input port and send this signal
out on transmitting antenna structure.

7.1.4 HSDCD Ring


The HSDCD section of the slip ring is actually made up of a circuit board material that has two traces
that run its entire circumference to carry the differential signal. This is called the emitter. It also has
a ground plane underneath. The dimensions of the board are controlled to maintain a low trace
impedance. This cross sectional shows its construction.

Figure 20: HSDCD Ring

Silvered Copper Trace

Circuit Board Material

At the end of each strip, opposite the end fed by the transmitter, each trace is terminated with a 16
ohm surface mount resistor to the ground plane. Each board strip feeds one half of the ring with the
HSDCD signal.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 49 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Figure 21: HSDCD Ring Termination

Transmit

TERM TERM

7.1.5 HSDCD Antenna


The purpose of the HSDCD antenna is to pick up the differential signal from the traces on the ring.
The pickup face of the antenna, which is positioned 1.41 mm (0.60 inches) height (use alignment
tool 2245483) away from the ring traces, has two traces the same width and spacing as the traces
on the ring, and each one acts like one plate of a capacitor. Hence, the signals are capacitive
coupled from the ring to the antenna.

7.1.6 HSDCD Receiver


The purpose of the HSDCD receiver is to amplify the transmitted data signal from the HSDCD
antenna to a usable level and convert it back into fiber-optic DAS taxi data.

7.1.7 Communication Error Rates


Errors are caused by any noise that enters the HSDCD system within its pass band.
Communication error rates are measured by how many errors occur in N number of bits. This is
called the Bit Error Rate (BERR). The HSDCD system has been designed to produce 0 or 1 bad
bits in 10E12 bits. Note that this is exclusive of forward error correction that enhances BERR to 0
or 1 errors in 10E14 bits. Under normal system operation, this would translate into one scan abort
in five years due to DAS data channel errors. The system BERR performance can be monitored
through the Dip Stats selection under the service menu. This tells you:
• When the Dip Stats file was created or reset to zero
• When the stats were last updated (end of last exam)
• How many data bytes were transmitted since file creation (or reset)
• How many offset bytes were transmitted since file creation (or reset)
• How many taxi violations occurred since file creation (or reset)
• How many successful forward error corrections (FEC) occurred since file creation (or reset)
• How many scan aborts (unsuccessful FEC) occurred since file creation (or reset)
BERR can be calculated by the following:
E Number of Errors = Number of Scan Aborts
NO Number of offset bits = Number of offset bytes X 10
ND Number of Data bits = Number of data bytes X10
BERR = E / (NO + ND)

50 of 52 7 - HSDCD Slip Ring Architecture Procedure revised: 07/10/03


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
7.2 HSDCD Service Indicators

7.2.1 HSDCD Transmitter


The transmitter has two LEDs. The green LED is on for power and the yellow is on for data. The
yellow data LED is normally on in both system idle or active data collection.

7.2.2 HSDCD Receiver


The receiver has two LEDs. The green LED is on for power and the yellow is on for data. The yellow
data LED is normally on in both system idle or active data collection.

7.2.3 HSDCD Antenna


The HSDCD antenna has no indicators.

7.2.4 Brush Tip Wear Indicators


Each individual brush has an arrow stamped into one side of the tip material. Brushes should be
replaced when worn to the tip of the arrow.

8 Gantry Tilt
Gantry tilt is achieved by means of a hydraulic pump and 2 hydraulic cylinders. Control signals are
received from the MSUB board. The Tilt Relay board can operate in 2 modes: system control or
manual. Under system control, the tilt relay board receives tilt enable, forward and backward control
signals. These signals energize either the pump motor or tilt solenoids. Under manual control,
power is received from the MSUB power circuit, and motion is controlled manually by switch S10.
Switch S9 determines system or manual control. S9 and S10 are located on the Service Switch
board.
Gantry forward tilt requires the energizing of the pump motor. The pump increases the fluid
pressure in the system, resulting in the extension of the cylinder pistons, and the gantry tilts forward.
Gantry backward tilt requires the energizing of the two (2) tilt backward solenoids. This relieves fluid
pressure, and the weight of the gantry compresses the cylinder pistons. This is true for all gantry
angles. Reference Figure 22.
Speed control for both forward and backward motion is set by adjusting separate restrictor valves
for 1 second per degree of motion.
The hydraulic system has a pressure relief bypass valve, which is factory set to 50 kgf/cm squared.
This hydraulic system is also self bleeding.
Tilt limits are set at ± 30 degrees. Angle position is monitored via feedback of the tilt potentiometer.
The feedback is sent to the MSUB, where it is digitized for gantry tilt display and prescribed remote
tilt position control.

Procedure revised: 07/10/03 Theory - Gantry 51 of 52


GE MEDICAL SYSTEMS
DIRECTION 2349185-800, REVISION 01.1 LIGHTSPEED 5.X SYSTEM SERVICE INFORMATION
Figure 22: Gantry Hydraulic Tilt Functional Block Diagram

Hydraulic
Cylinders

Tilt Back Tilt Back


Solenoid Solenoid

Tilt
Forward Tilt Back
Speed Speed
Valve Valve

Pressure Relief Valve


50kgf/cm squared

Pump M

Reservoir

52 of 52 8 - Gantry Tilt Procedure revised: 07/10/03

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