Make - The - Grade - 1 REFUERZO-V G 2

MAKE THE GRADE 1_ VOC & GRAMMAR REFUERZO 2
1
VOCABULARY UNIT 1
1 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets and a suitable suffix. Do not change the original meaning.
Make any necessary changes.
1 This procedure won’t hurt you. (pain)
This is a ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2 I was very happy to hear that you’re visiting soon. (thrill)
I was ........................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................ .
3 That poor man doesn’t have anywhere to live. (home)
That poor man .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4 This software is very practical. (use)
This software ............................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................... .
5 Jane’s face went red when she saw him again. (embarrass)
Jane ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
6 She writes a blog that’s quite funny. (amuse)
Her blog is ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
7 I hadn’t expected to receive an invitation. (surprise)
I was ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2 Complete the sentences with the words below and the suffix -ion, -ity, -ness or -ment.
happy | lonely | improve | disappoint | punctuate | popular
1 Most people think the prime minister is doing a great job. Her .............................. has never been higher.
2 I thought it would be a good experience, but it was a huge ................................................... .
3 Correct spelling, grammar and ............................. are very important when writing a report.
4 Having a pet can be helpful for people who suffer from ................................................... .
5 There’s been no .............................. in her marks. In fact, most have gone down.
6 There’s no way to describe the .............................. I felt that day. Everything was perfect.
3 Complete the passage with the words below.

personality | interesting | express | view | text | social | communica tion
According to a recent study, mobile phone use can have negative effects, including leading to people
being less responsible regarding family, work or studies. Another 1 .............................. finding was
that it doesn’t always improve 2 ................................................ with family and friends.
The study of 256 smartphone users asked how they used their phone. 3 .............................. media sites
(87%) were the most popular apps, followed by 4 .............................. messaging apps (52%) and apps
to
5 .............................
the latest news (51%). The study also asked questions to learn about each
participants’ 6 ................................................. characteristics.
Although nearly half the participants spoke of improved social relations, almost 25% said smartphone
use had led to worse relations with family and friends. Moreover, some 60 participants spoke of an
inability to 7 .............................. their feelings in relationships due to severe distraction. What has your
experience been?
2
4 Name the following. Pay attention to the words in bold.

1 what you often first notice about someone
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 something that is a worldwide problem

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 a reason for a sleepless night

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 a way to keep in touch with friends in another country

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 a reason to meet someone face-to-face

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 something that has always been a challenge for you

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
7 something you often upload
GRAMMAR UNIT 1
1 Complete the sentences with the words below. Use the Present Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Simple
or Past Simple.
1 By the time I ..................................................................... (get) to the party, Sharon ......................................... (open) her
birthday presents.
2 I ..................................................................... (not speak) to Scott since we ......................................... (go) out to dinner

last week.
3 We realised we ........................................ (meet) each other a few years ago, but neither of
us ........................................ (remember) where.
4 Until last week, it ..................................................................... (be) a mild winter, but temperatures .....................................................................
(drop) to below 0º C since then.
5 Susie ..................................................................... already .........................................(read) the book before we .
.................................................................... (see) the film, but I hadn’t. I’m planning on reading it, but I .....................................................................
(not get around) to it yet.
2 Write sentences with the words below. Use the Present Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous.
1 Wait a minute! I / not finish / yet / .
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 how long / you / study / in Toronto / ?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 they / argue / for hours / .

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 you / look / in the kitchen / ?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 he / have / a beard / ever since / it / become fashionable / .
3
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
6 Carla / read / that book / all day / .

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
7 the twins / be ill / for two weeks / .

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
8 Brian / already / go / to work / .

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
9 you / wait / a long time / for the bus / ?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Make any necessary changes. Do not change the original
meaning. Use the Present Perfect Simple, Present Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect Simple.
1 Jeremy will finish his homework soon. (yet)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 We moved into this house in 2002 and are very happy here. (living)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 She started volunteering this month. (all month)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 He was tired after doing all the housework. (done)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 I told you that a moment ago. (just)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
6 I went to bed before my sister’s friends came over. (by the time)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 Complete the e-mail with the verbs below. Use the Present Perfect Simple, Present Perfect Continuous,
Past Simple or Past Perfect Simple.
not receive | expire | apply | study | not finish | work | not reply
Hi Debbie!
Thanks for your e-mail. Sorry I 1 ..................................................................... earlier, but I 2 ................................................................ hard for my
exams all week.
I’m looking forward to visiting you in New York in the summer. I didn’t realise until a couple of weeks ago that
my passport 3............................................................... , but don’t worry –
I4 ..................................................................... already ..................................................................... for a new one. I 5 .....................................................................
also ..................................................................... a bit every day on the visa application, but I still 6................................................................. it.
Anyw ay, I can’t send it off because I 7................................................................ my new passport number yet!
Can’t wait to see you
Emma
xxx
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VOCABULARY UNIT 2
1 Complete the sentences with collocations of keep and save and a suitable word or phrase below.
an eye on | the trouble | lives | company | a secret | money | track of
1 I won’t tell anyone. I can ..................................................................... .

2 Will you ........................................ the dog while I go into the shop?
3 I’m starting to ....................................... what I spend my money on.
4 Every day, emergency room doctors ..................................................................... .
5 He’s trying to ........................................to buy a 3D printer.
6 Sabrina is lonely in hospital, so we ..................................................................... her......................................... for a while every day.
7 Taking the bus instead of driving will ..................................................................... me............................................. of finding a place
to park.
2 Rewrite the sentences using the words below.

enable | avoid | upgrade | features | invent | perform | increase
1 Today’s computers do millions of calculations per second.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 I would stay away from her until she’s calmer.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 This red button will allow the drone to fly.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 They’re going to create a new kind of computer chip.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Sales of drones will continue to go up.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 That smartphone has some very cool characteristics.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
7 You should replace the hard drive on your computer with a better one.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Circle the correct answer.

1 I took up juggling and quickly became quite mad / skilful / suitable at it.
2 He is jealous / impressed / interested of people who are rich.
3 She got the job because she was keen / aware / experienced in computer programming.
4 I’m tired / mad / jealous of listening to that. Can we turn it off, please?
5 I think they were interested / impressed / tired with me at the interview. Maybe they’ll offer me the job!
6 That dress isn’t keen / proud / suitable for your cousin’s wedding.
7 Carol is mad / keen / aware about that new band.
8 I’m quite proud / disappointed / jealous with the low exam results.
9 He’s not at all tired / interested / skilful in art. He won’t want to go to the museum.
5
4 Complete the text with the words below.

tools | tough | capable | user-friendly | controversial | costly | attempt | downside | inventing
3D printing is seen as the future of manufacturing but, like all new technology, it has its
1 ...............................
some people see it as the future of crime. This manufacturing process has
already been used to make card readers to steal money from bank machines. These printers are also
2
of printing guns. In fact, a 3.................................................group in the US which spent more
...................................................
than a year 4 .............................. a printed gun has made the instructions available online. According to
a spokesperson for the group, guns are simply 5 .............................. , even though they can cause
harm.
While criminals are currently more likely to make an 6 .............................. to acquire ordinary guns
than print them, law enforcement authorities are concerned about what will happen when the
technology becomes more 7 ................................................... and less 8 ....................................................
At the moment, printing
a gun for personal use is legal in the US – something that groups working for 9
...................................................
anti-gun laws hope to change.
GRAMMAR UNIT 2
1 Complete the sentences using the verbs below and the Future Perfect Simple or the Future Continuous.
not meet | change | make | start | walk | leave | eat
1 The concert ........................................by then.

2 They........................................ a decision by now.
3 Jane........................................ lunch at that time.
4 I ....................................... Emma while I’m in town. I’ll be too busy.
5 ..................................................................... you ........................................ the dog by the time I get home?
6 We ..................................................................... probably .........................................a lot by the time we’re 70!
7 ..................................................................... you ........................................ the office early today?
2 Rewrite the sentences in the Future Perfect Simple or Future Continuous. Use the correct form of the
words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning.
1 I’ll buy a drone before you come for a visit. (by the time)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Mark teaches a French class at 7.30 pm. (at 8 o’clock)

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Soon, no one will work in an office. (everyone / from home)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 It won’t be long before we increase the amount of green energy we use. (within a few years)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 On Monday, I’m going to Sydney for a week to surf. (this time next week)
.................................................................................................................................................................. ..........................................................................................
6 Do you think they’ll deliver the 3D printer before Saturday? (by the weekend)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
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3 Complete the sentences with suitable verbs. Use the Future Continuous or Future Perfect Simple.
1 We....................................................... our robotics course next week. By the time the course ends,
we ........................................ how to build a robot.
2 Hopefully, they ..................................................................... home by the evening. It ........................................ heavily

later on tonight.
3 Do you know what you ..................................................................... two years from now? .....................................................................
you ........................................ money to travel somewhere?
4 By the end of the summer, we ..................................................................... to a new city. I hope I .....................................................................

some new friends by then.
5 ..................................................................... the party ........................................ by midnight? I hope so, because

I ....................................... the house very early tomorrow morning.
4 Complete the sentences with a suitable verb. Use a future tense.
1 Please sit down. The play ........................................ in a few minutes.
2 I’m sorry I broke your coffee mug. I ........................................you a new one.
3 We....................................................... in the French Alps this time next week.
4 Hopefully, I ........................................ my first business by the time I’m 30.
5 Hurry or we ........................................ on time.
6 Careful! That electric bike ........................................ you.
5 Complete the sentences in a logical way. Use a suitable future tense. There may be more than one possible
answer.
1 By 2050, robots ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
2 This summer, my family ............................................................................................................................................................................................ .
3 By the end of this school year, I .......................................................................................................................................................................... .
4 Tomorrow, it ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
5 In the future, life .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
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VOCABULARY UNIT 3
1 Complete the phrasal verb in each sentence with a suitable verb below.
get | put | catch | drop | go | make
1 Gary’s going to ............................. out of university because it’s too difficult for him.
2 Those who miss the test must .............................. up for it by writing an essay.
3 Before the exam, we should ............................. over our class notes and the textbook units.
4 We didn’t talk for long because I had to .............................. on with my work.
5 It took him a while to .............................. on to the fact that it was all a joke.
6 You can’t.............................. it off much longer. The application is due in a week.
2 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.

1 Paul never concentrates in class. (pay attention)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 For me, maths is very difficult. (struggle)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 She earns £3,000 a month. (income)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 Our teachers provide us with a lot of help and encouragement. (support)

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 A man shouted insults during the prime minister’s speech. (disrupted)

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 Complete the text with the correct form of the words below. Use a suitable suffix (-ive, -ic, -al, -able, -ous).
impress | achieve | vary | person | energy
I love running for 1 ..............................reasons, including the satisfaction of achieving a new

“2 best” – a more 3 ................................................ result than I’ve ever had before. I did
...................................................
that in yesterday’s race. The moment I began running, I felt 4 .............................. and ran faster
than usual. Maybe I can set a new record next time! I think it’s 5 ................................................ !
4 Complete the sentences with a logical continuation. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1 She’ll get her degree next year, when she .................................................................................................................................................. .
2 The first step in doing a school project is ............................................................................................................................. ..................... .
3 When there’s no discipline in a classroom, it’s difficult ................................................................................................................ .
4 I don’t always feel secure when I ..................................................................................................................................................................... .
5 Young children often beg their parents for ................................................................................................................................................ .
6 I’m delighted that you ................................................................................................................................................................................................ .

7 Parents often put pressure on their children to ..................................................................................................................................... .
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5 Answer the questions. Pay attention to the words in bold.

1 What subjects are not compulsory in school?
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 What makes you feel stressed?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 What was a struggle for you to learn?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 What school assignment are you working on?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 What do you do when you miss a lesson?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
GRAMMAR UNIT 3
1 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Add any necessary commas. Then decide if each sentence
contains a defining (D) or non-defining (N) relative clause.
.......... 1 I’ve chosen the science class. It is chemistry. (that)
............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................
.......... 2 The homework is going to take hours. It is due tomorrow. (which)

............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................
.......... 3 He lives in a place. The weather is always nice there. (where)

............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................
.......... 4 I have a teacher. My father had the same teacher. (who)

............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................
.......... 5 Ms Jones’ brother teaches here. Ms Jones is the school librarian. (whose)
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......... 6 Russian is a language. I find it hard to learn. (which)

............................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................
.......... 7 There will be a new headteacher in September. The new academic year begins then. (when)
............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................
2 Which three sentences in Exercise 1 can be written without the relative pronoun?
.......... .......... ..........
3 Complete the sentences using a suitable relative pronoun when necessary.

1 The teacher caught two boys .............................. were cheating in the exam.
2 My essay was about a painting ........................... .. I like.
3 She called her father, .............................. had been worried.
4 That’s the film.............................. I told you about.
5 The woman ............................. dog I walk works late.
6 That new song .............................. Emma likes is good.
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4 Match the sentences in A and B and then join them together using a relative pronoun.
A B
1 Abigail and Annie are my best friends. .......... a She is a bit taller than Annie.
2 It’s difficult to tell them apart. .......... b They live there.
3 Abigail is in my science class. .......... c They are twins.
4 We usually meet on Oak Street and walk to school together. .......... d Her full name is Annabel.
5 Annie sometimes rides her bike instead. .......... e This is a problem for the teachers.
1 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Write sentences with the words below and a suitable relative pronoun. Make any necessary changes. There may
be more than one possible answer.
1 this / be / the street / my old school / be
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Mr Lee / be / in his office / be / upstairs

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 I / rarely / visit / Manchester / I / be born

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 I / leave / my hat / on / the bus / I / take / yesterday

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 there / be / many students / not like / languages

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
6 what / be / the moment / you / first / notice / him?
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VOCABULARY UNIT 4
1 Read the sentences. Is the second sentence in each pair logical (L) or illogical (I)? Correct the illogical
sentences. Do not change the first sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold.
.......... 1 Classes at the community centre are free of charge. There’s no fee.
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ........
.......... 2 Unemployment is high among young people. It’s easy to find work now.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......... 3 We’re concerned about the crime rate. It’s gone down recently.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......... 4 The town’s population density is low. That’s why there are no blocks of flats.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......... 5 We need to let some air in. Can you please close the window?
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......... 6 That factory once operated round-the-clock. Now, it’s open 24 hours a day.
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs containing turn and cut. Use the correct form of the verb.
1 How often has she ........................................ late to class?
2 When there’s heavy snow, our village is ........................................ from the city.
3 You can’t........................................ such an amazing opportunity!
4 Let’s........................................ town. That way, we’ll avoid the traffic.
5 As the city’s problems have worsened, public opinion has ........................................ the mayor.
6 You should ........................................ junk food and exercise more.
7 It’s starting to get dark. Let’s ........................................ and head for home.
8 Somehow, the discussion suddenly........................................ an argument.
3 Complete the sentences by adding a prefix to a word below.

equality | paid | operate | behaves | storm | legal
1 It’s ................................. to build without official permission.

2 The ............................. left hundreds of homes without electricity.
3 He’s................................. , but feels lucky to have a job.
4 Working in a group, we’ve really learnt how to ................................................... .
5 Income .............................. is a growing problem.
6 When a pupil often .............................. in class, I discuss it with the parents.
11
4 Complete the text with the words and expressions below. There are more words than you need.
residents | quality of life | skyscrapers | landmarks | overcrowded
turned into | lack of | giant | isolation
Taller and Taller
In a world that is rapidly becoming 1 ..............................due to population growth, building

2 .............................
seems to be an efficient way to provide more homes and offices. But these
modern
3 .............................
are not always what they seem. To increase a building’s height, many architects
use empty spires. For example, although the Burj Khalifa in Dubai is 828 metres tall, the top 30% has
no
4 ..............................................
living in it.
In recent years, the construction of skyscrapers seems to have 5 .............................. a race, especially
in some Asian countries, where there is a 6 .............................. open land to build on. While these
7 ............................. buildings are becoming even taller, how much useable space they will have
remains
to be seen!
5 Answer the questions. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1 Who is the mayor of your city?
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 Which megacity would you like to visit?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 What kind of housing is common in your area?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 How would you describe your neighbourhood?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
GRAMMAR UNIT 4
1 Complete the sentences with a suitable modal or modal perfect according to the category in brackets.
Do not use the same modal or modal perfect more than once.
1 Sally’s cough is getting worse. She ........................................go to the doctor. (advice)
2 I’m tired. I........................................ gone to bed earlier. (regret)
3 He was with Jean. He ........................................ been at the supermarket! (impossibility)
4 She’s trying to decide where to live. She ........................................ rent a flat. (possibility)
5 She’s finished her driving lessons. Now, she ........................................ pass the test before she
can drive. (obligation)
6 Simon has already taken the rubbish out. You ............................................ do it. (lack of obligation)
2 Complete the sentences in a logical way. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets and a suitable
modal or modal perfect. There may be more than one possible answer.
1 We.................................................................... (hurry). We’ve got plenty of time.
2 The dog has gone! Someone.................................................. (leave) the gate open!
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3 Why did you take the country road when you.................................................. (take) the motorway?
4 Why didn’t you say you were hungry? I ..................................................(make) sandwiches.
5 The weather is terrible. We ...................................................... (go out).
6 The city has finally repaired the pavements. They ..................................................(do) it months ago.
3 Rewrite the sentences using the word in brackets.

1 There’s a chance of rain tomorrow. (might)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 It would be a good idea for you to take more driving lessons. (should)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 I’m sure the library is open now. (must)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 I didn’t go to a World Cup match when I had the chance. (could)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 I’m sure he was disappointed with the results. (must)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
6 Do you mind helping me, please? (could)

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 Complete the sentences in a logical way. Use the correct form of the words in brackets and a modal
or modal perfect. Add any necessary words. There may be more than one correct answer.
1 Don’t forget to lock the car. Otherwise, someone ........................................................................... (steal)
2 It’s snowing again. You ............................................................................................................................. (wear)
3 We’ve prepared plenty of food. You ....................................................................................................... (bring)
4 The car park was expensive. We ............................................................................................................... (park)
5 Why didn’t you tell me? I................................................................................................................ (help)
6 I’m not sure he’s in the office today. He ............................................................................................. (be)
5 Write a sentence describing the situations below. Use a modal or modal perfect.
1 something you regret having done
.......................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................
2 a certainty that someone did something

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 an ability to do something difficult

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 a request for help

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 a (slight) possibility that something won’t happen

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
6 lack of permission to do something

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
7 some useful advice to a friend
13
VOCABULARY UNIT 5
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of a suitable word or expression. There are more words
than you need.
get over | flow | get along | date | ignore | shine | get to know
live through | relative | stand still | possession | envy
1 We once ............................. , but now we’re just good friends.

2 Those teens have .............................. several wars in their countries.
3 The River Thames .............................. through the centre of London.
4 I ............................. people who don’t have to work at weekends.
5 He was in love with Anna. Do you think he’ll ever ............................. her?
6 We first ............................. each other when we worked together.
7 We’ll be visiting .............................. from my father’s side of the family.
8 I ............................. with everyone in the office. That’s why I love working here.
9 These silver cups will .............................. after we clean them.
10 Many of us keep .............................. we no longer use or need.
2 Complete the sentences with the British and US English words below. Write the British words first.
parcel | center | apartment | salesman | couch | closet | centre | flat | yard
garden | sofa | lift | elevator | package | wardrobe | shop assistant
1 The modern art museum is in the city ................................................... / ................................................... .

2 I’m moving into a new ................................................... / .............................. next month.
3 I love lying on the ................................................... / .............................. and reading.
4 The restaurant is on the roof. You’ll need to take the ................................................... / ................................................... .
5 Our dog dug up all the flowers in the ................................................... / ................................................... .
6 I put your clean clothes in your ................................................... / ................................................... .
7 My uncle sent me a ................................................... / .............................. of old family photos.
8 The ................................................... /............................... gave me some good advice.
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and a suitable preposition below.
in (2) | at | on | for | about
1 When I was a child, I ...................................... magic. (believe)

2 Don’t....................................... Matt. He’s already dating again. (worry)
3 What’s so funny? Why are you ....................................... me? (laugh)
4 You can ....................................... this map app. It’s accurate. (depend)
5 This website helps you ....................................... distant relatives. (search)
6 I met new people once I started to ....................................... after-school activities. (participate)
14
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below and a suitable preposition.
blame | complain | succeed | prevent | stare | concentrate
1 Although he ............................. business, his marriage failed.

2 I can’t.............................. studying when it’s so beautiful outside.
3 I don’t ................................................... her .............................. being angry. I’d feel the same way.
4 All he’s done today is sit around and .............................. the TV.
5 Legally, we can’t ................................................... him .............................. dropping out of school.
6 In the survey, many students ............................. peer pressure.
5 Complete the passage with the words below.

close friend | take for granted | grow apart | relative | break up
divorced | value | have not got a lot in common
True friends are special and the 1 ............................................................... of a long-term friendship cannot be
measured. Sometimes, the support of a 2 ........................................................... is more helpful than that of a
3 ...........................................................
, because being family does not always mean being close.
4 ...............................................................
Besides, certain relationships can end. Husbands and wives may get , and
unmarried couples might 5 ................................................................... Close friends, on the other hand, stick around
for long periods of time.
Having said that, friendship, like any other relationship, requires effort and we shouldn’t
6
............................................................. it ...................................... All friendships go through their ups and downs. Even
the best of friends may
7
..................................................................... at times or go through periods when they feel they 8 ..................................................................... .
But given the benefits of a long-term friendship, it’s worth maintaining it.
GRAMMAR UNIT 5
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use a conditional or time clause.
1 If you ..................................................................... (not turn on) a smartphone, it ......................................... (not work).
2 Don’t worry. If there ..................................................................... (not be) much traffic, we .........................................(get)

there very soon.
3 Who ..................................................................... you ..................................................................... (be) if you ......................................... (be)

someone else for a day?
4 I ..................................................................... (make) dinner tomorrow unless I......................................... (stay) late at work.
5 It’s important, so ..................................................................... you ......................................... (give) her the message as soon
as you........................................ (see) her?
6 If there ..................................................................... (be) more hours in a day, I ........................................ (help) with the
cleaning.
7 It was wonderful! I ..................................................................... (tell) you all about it when we ........................................ (meet).
8 Jane got the parcel yesterday. If I ..................................................................... (send) it earlier, she .....................................................................
(receive) it on her birthday.
15
2 Complete the sentences with a conditional or time clause. Do not change the original meaning of the sentence.
1 He doesn’t work, so he has to depend on his parents.
If he ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
2 I’m going to call Jack the moment I get home.
As soon as ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
3 Linda wanted to get married on the beach, but her parents objected.
If Linda’s ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
4 I’m planning on going over to Paul’s later if I’m not too tired.
Unless ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
5 To participate in the run, you must be on time.
If you ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
3 Complete the sentences in a logical way, using conditionals or time clauses.

1 I would have gone to the party if I .................................................................................................................................................................... .
2 When I finish my homework, I ............................................................................................................................................................................ .
3 I’ll help you if you ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4 If I could live anywhere I wanted, it ................................................................................................................................................................ .
5 Water becomes solid if you ..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the sentence.
1 Take my advice and buy the blue shirt. (were)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 I didn’t invite him because I didn’t want him to come. (had)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 We don’t meet very often because we’re both so busy. (if)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 They might break up because he doesn’t treat her well. (unless / better)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 We can’t eat because the food isn’t ready yet. (soon)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 Write a sentence about each situation. Use a conditional or time clause.

1 You’d like to go for a walk, but not if it rains.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 You were ill, so you didn’t finish your project on time.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 You can’t buy a new computer unless you save enough money.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 Another student wants to use the printer, but you haven’t finished yet.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 You advise a friend to tell her boyfriend the truth.
16
VOCABULARY UNIT 6
1 Complete the sentences to show that you understand the meaning of the expressions in bold.
Use 1-3 words.
1 You can’t make ends meet without enough ................................................... .
2 I shopped around in order to find the lowest ................................................... .
3 She’ll foot the bill, so we don’t have to ................................................... .
4 It’s worth it. You ................................. get it.
5 It cost an arm and a leg. I’ve never bought anything so ................................................... .
6 We’re trying to make the best of a .............................. situation.
7 For the party, we might splash out on ................................................... .
2 Complete each sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the original one. Use a gerund or infinitive.
1 I probably won’t work here much longer.
I can’t see myself ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
2 She doesn’t like to look at herself in a mirror.
She avoids ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
3 We rented surfboards from a place near the beach.
On our way to the beach, we stopped ............................................................................................................................................................. .
4 There isn’t a day that Harry doesn’t use public transport.
… is part of Harry’s daily routine.
5 We changed our minds and stayed at home.
We decided ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
6 He hasn’t done yoga for three months.
He stopped ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
3 Answer the questions to show you understand the words and expressions in bold.
1 What odd jobs does he do around the house?
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 Why are you short of money?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 Why is there such a long queue?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 What is something you’ve recently purchased?

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 What are some expenses that teens have?

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
17
4 Match the sentence beginnings in A to their endings in B. Pay attention to the words in bold.
A B
1 I’m considering .......... a I’m not sure it’s OK for Sue.
2 We can share the food and .......... b we’ve been living beyond our means.
3 I borrowed some money from Dan, but .......... c meeting with my boss to discuss my salary.
4 Monday suits me, but .......... d split the cost.
5 I opened a savings account because .......... e more customers began buying online.
6 We’re going to set a budget because .......... f I’ve already paid him back.
7 His shop went out of business when .......... g I want to travel next year.
5 Complete a sentence that could logically precede each sentence below it. Use the words and phrases below.
cash | go broke | profit | stuff | show you around | charged
1 I’ll ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
I know how confusing it can be on your first day.
2 I think the waiter .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
On the menu, the price was £3.50, not £5.30.
3 I need to .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
I know there are things I don’t need any more.
4 We haven’t made ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
Instead, we’ve been losing money.
5 I’ve got .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
I went out without my wallet.
6 I’m sure he ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
He’s been buying things he can’t afford.
GRAMMAR UNIT 6
1 Complete the sentences in the passive form.
1 You shouldn’t tell Mum the news.
Mum ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2 We guarantee our customers free delivery.
Our customers .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
3 They haven’t sent me an invitation yet.
I ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4 You must give everyone a fair chance.
Everyone ............................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................... .
5 The singer gave some people tickets to his concert.
Some people ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
6 Does the hotel offer free parking to its guests?
Is free parking ........................................................................................................................................ ?
2 Write questions using the words below. Use the passive form.
1 A: dinner / serve / at the moment / ?
18
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
B: No. It hasn’t even been cooked yet.

2 A: how much / you / going to / charge / ?
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
B: Her fee is £30 an hour.

3 A: how often / your teeth / check / ?
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
B: Twice a year.
4 A: why / you / not invite / to Emma’s party / last week / ?
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
B: Because we stopped speaking to each other.

5 A: where / should / the money / keep / ?
.............................................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................
B: In a locked drawer, so nobody can steal it.
3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
1 After a terrible road accident yesterday, she ........................................ (warn) not to drive on the motorway,
but she ....................................... (not listen).
2 I ..................................................................... (do) more exercise these days because I ......................................... (tell) by my

doctor that I had to get fit.
3 Breakfast ..................................................................... (serve) all day, but reservations......................................... (must / made).
4 ................................................... ever ................................................... (not lend) Tom anything! I know that it ...................................................
never .............................. (return).
19
4 Write a sentence to logically follow each first sentence. Use the passive and the words in brackets.
1 You don’t need much money to open a savings account. (can / open / small amount)
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 We’re reviewing your loan application now. (it / probably / approve)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 They might have to lower the price on their flat. (it / still / not sell)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 Why is that letter still sitting on your desk? (it / should / send)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 First, I filled in some paperwork. (Then / show around / the office)

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use a suitable active or passive form.
A surprising number of famous companies were started in someone’s garage. Amazon 1 ....................................................................
(found) in 1994 as an online bookstore by Jeff Bezos. At that time, it 2 ............................................................... (run) from
his garage. The first book 3 ............................................................... (sell) in July 1995 and the company eventually
4 ..............................................................
(become) the world’s largest online retailer.
In 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak 5................................................................ (create) Apple Computers by selling
50 Apple I computers to a local retailer. Jobs 6 ................................................................ (already / order) the parts from
a distributor and the 50 computers 7 ............................................................... (build) in 30 days in a garage. Since then, Apple
8 ..............................................................
(grow) to occupy more than 30 buildings.
Larry Page and Sergey Brin began the business that 9 ................................................................ (know) today as Google in their
friend’s garage in 1998. They 10 ................................................................ (try) to sell it for $1 million in 1999, but
the offer 11 ......................................................................... (reject).
20
VOCABULARY UNIT 7
1 Rewrite the sentences with the words and phrases below. Make any necessary changes.
opponent | let down | hire | cope with | willing
1 I know I disappointed you.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 I can help you with this work.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 This is too much work for you to do alone.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 I hope they give you the job!

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 She’s playing against a younger player.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Choose two correct answers and then complete each sentence with a word or phrase that makes it logical.
1 The trophy / sign / award was given to the ................................................... .
2 You can improve your speed / strength / effort by .............................. more.
3 Do you think we can score / defeat / beat a team that’s so .............................. ?
4 At first the runner was way ahead / in a row / in the lead, but she ended up coming ................................................... .
5 The tournament / championship / sportsmanship will be shown on ................................................... .
6 The crowd went wild / displayed / cheered when the home team ................................................... .
3 Match A to B to form compound nouns. Then complete the sentences with the compound nouns. Use two words,
one word or a hyphen.
A B
1 kick .......... a jump
2 finish .......... b off
3 guide .......... c up
4 long .......... d line
5 runner .......... e lines
1 These ............................. explain how to do the project.

2 They played brilliantly, from the .............................. until the end!
3 The ............................. requires strength and speed.
4 We cheered as the runners crossed the ................................................... .
5 The ............................. was disappointed not to win.
21
4 Complete the sentences in a logical way. Pay attention to the words in bold.
1 Someone who is badly injured should be taken to .............................................................................................................................. .
2 Most people are fast asleep by ........................................................................................................................................................................... .
3 There wouldn’t be such heavy traffic if more people ....................................................................................................................... .
4 The vast majority of teenagers own ................................................................................................................................................................ .
5 It’s highly unlikely that people will ever ..................................................................................................................................................... .
6 Someone with a slight accent may be from ............................................................................................................................................. .
7 A humble person does not ....................................................................................................................................................................................... .
8 A spectator is someone who .......................................................................................................................... ....................................................... .
5 Complete the passage with the words and expressions below. There are more words than you need.
highly unlikely | rapid growth | superstar | no matter | valid point
bright future | esteemed | turnaround | sign | break records
The Boston Red Sox, Boston’s well-loved baseball team, was said by some to be under a curse for more than
eight decades.
In 1919, after winning the World Series five times, they seemed to have a 1 ................................................................ ahead of
them. But that year their manager sold player Babe Ruth to the New York Yankees, where he went on to
2
..................................................................... and become the sport’s first 3 ...................................................................
He is still among the most
4 ..............................................................
players of all time.
Meanwhile, between then and the end of the century, the Red Sox played in only four World Series – and lost
them all! Many called this the Curse of the Bambino, saying it was a 5................................................................ that selling
Babe Ruth had been a huge mistake and that the team was 6 ............................................................... to ever win
a championship again. They were wrong.
In 2004, after 86 years, the Red Sox finally made a 7 ............................................................... and won the World Series
at last. For the fans who had always loved their team 8 ............................................................... what, the Curse of the
Bambino was over.
GRAMMAR UNIT 7
1 Rewrite the sentences in reported speech.
1 “I’ll repair the laptop by tomorrow,” promised the technician.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 “Don’t take off your life jacket,” my sailing instructor ordered.

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................
3 “I didn’t score any goals yesterday,” said Janet.

.......................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................
4 “You’ve practised enough today,” the coach announced.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 “You must swim well to get into the team,” Steve explained.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
6 “I can’t pay you back until next week,” Gary said.
22
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
7 “We’re coming to your match,” Nancy told Sam.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
8 “These running shoes are uncomfortable,” the athlete complained.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 Rewrite the questions in reported speech.

1 “How many races has Andrew won?” Cindy wanted to know.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 “Did you feed the cat this morning?” my sister asked me.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 “When are they going to interview the winner?” wondered a fan.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 “Do you train here every day?” Nigel asked Marie.

......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................
3 Rewrite the sentences in reported speech using the reporting verbs below. Make any necessary changes.
admit | remind | suggest | announce | advise | warn | complain | wonder
1 “Don’t forget your trainers,” my mother said.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
2 “The team has never played worse,” said the fan.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
3 “I’m going to give you a red card next time!” the referee told the player.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 “Is Ronaldo the world’s best football player?” Lou asked.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
5 “You should exercise more,” the doctor told me.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 “Let’s buy our tickets here,” said my friend.

.................................................................................................................................................................. ..........................................................................................
7 “I didn’t show good sportsmanship last night,” the player said.

............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
8 “Serena Williams has just won the tournament!” said the reporter.
............................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................................
4 Complete the second sentence to logically follow the first. Use reported speech.
1 I want to improve as a player. My coach advised me ....................................................................................................................... .
2 The player spoke to reporters before the game. He predicted that ........................................................................................ .
3 We walked into class late. The teacher wanted to know ................................................................................................................ .
4 We had a party last night. Our neighbour complained .................................................................................................................... .
5 The sea suddenly got stormy. The lifeguard ordered ........................................................................................................................ .
6 My friend needed a lift home. I promised her ........................................................................................................................................ .
23
VOCABULARY UNIT 8
1 Complete the second sentence so that it logically follows the first one. Use the words below.
adequate | switch | treat | shelf life | staple | famine | scare
1 Milk doesn’t stay fresh for long.

It’s got ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2 The report questioned the safety of the drinking water.
It caused .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
3 I hadn’t had apple pie in years.
It was such ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
4 We were only given a week to do the project.
There wasn’t ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
5 Last year, hundreds of people died of hunger in this region.
There was .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
6 People here eat lots of fish.
It’s ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
7 I heard that frozen yoghurt is healthier than ice cream.
Maybe we .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
2 Complete the sentences in a logical way. Pay attention to the phrasal verbs in bold.
1 To make up for the long wait, the restaurant ............................................................................................................................. .............. .
2 It’s hard to put up with your .................................................................................................................................................................................. .
3 They come across as a happy couple, but ............................................................................................................................................... .
4 Please look in on her because .............................................................................................................................................................................. .
5 I’m sorry, but I haven’t got around to ......................................................................................................................................................... .
6 How do they get away with ................................................................................................................... ?
3 Complete the sentences with the idioms below.

put all your eggs in one basket | (not) my cup of tea | take it with a pinch of salt
food for thought | in a nutshell
1 Keep your options open.

Don’t ............................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................... .
2 Well, to be brief, you need more vitamin C.
Well, ............................................................................. , you need more vitamin C.
3 You said some things that I’m going to consider.
You gave me .............................................................................................................................................................................................. ... .
4 I wouldn’t take everything in that article as the truth.
I’d ............................................................................................................................................................................................. ................................. .
5 I don’t like hip-hop music.
Hip-hop music is ............................................................................................................................................................................... ...... .
24
4 Complete the e-mail with the words and expressions below.

overlooked | risk | major | dish | cuisine | raw | bland | edible | stored | run out of
To: contact@primaverarestaurant.co.uk
Subject: Complaint
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to complain about my visit to your restaurant yesterday, Friday the 15th. We booked
a table for six to celebrate a birthday but, unfortunately, the evening turned into a 1 ...................................................
disappointment.
First of all, we were extremely unhappy with the menu choices. Your restaurant is advertised as specialising in
Italian 2 ................................................... , so we were surprised when we found not one pasta 3 ................................................ on the menu.
Secondly, when some of us ordered pizza, we were told that it would be served without cheese, as
the restaurant had 4 .............................. mozzarella. Again, we found this to be surprising in an Italian restaurant,
which should have 5 ................................................ plenty of this staple ingredient.
I might have 6 .............................. everything else if the food had been good, but it wasn’t. Some of us took the
7 .............................
and ordered capricciosa pizzas, without the cheese. The crust was hardly baked and the
toppings were nearly 8 ................................Furthermore, the “spicy” olive and tomato salads were very
9
................................................... . In fact, we found most of the food to be barely 10 ................................................... .
Given that what was supposed to be a special occasion was so disappointing, I expect an apology and some form
of compensation.
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Ian Jefferson
GRAMMAR UNIT 8
1 Complete each sentence with a suitable word.
1 We can ..............................watch TV or play a game.
2 She’s .................................to waking up early. She’s done it for years.
3 The food was ............................. good that I’d like to go there again.
4 I am slowly ............................. used to eating less bread.
5 That shop owner.............................. always give kids free sweets.
6 Neither you ..............................I can make the decision for her.
7 Where did you.............................. to live?
8 It was such a great party .............................. nobody left before 2 am.
2 Complete the sentence without changing the original meaning of the first sentence.
1 Tom and I don’t want to go out tonight.
Neither ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
25
2 The noise of the trains no longer bothers us.

We have ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
3 The lecture was so boring that we left early.
It was ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4 For a side dish, the options are pasta and rice.
You can have ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................... .
5 He’s still adapting to the cold weather.
He’s still .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .
3 Complete the sentences in a logical way.

1 The portions at the restaurant were so big that ...................................................................................................... .
2 I live in a big city, so I’m used to .......................................................................................................................... .
3 On summer holidays, we would always ................................................................................................................. .
4 He is very slim. He eats neither ............................................................................................................................. .
5 It was such a tough exam that ............................................................................................................................... .
4 Complete the dialogues with the verbs in brackets. Use the correct affirmative or negative form. Where there is
no verb, use a suitable modal.
1 A Why........................................ Jane meet us for lunch today?
B She said that she ........................................(finish) her presentation yet.
2 A Sorry I’m late!
B It’s about time! We ............................................ (wait) for over an hour! The restaurant .
.................................................................... closed by now!
3 A If we leave now, we ........................................ (get) there in time for lunch.
B You............................................ be joking. We’ll never make it.
4 A ..........................................we have lunch in that new place today?
B No. It ........................................ (give) bad reviews since it opened.
5 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the meaning of the original sentence.
1 Did you finish eating? (already)
................................................................................................................................................................................
2 We would go to the beach every day. (used)
................................................................................................................................................................................
3 The chef hasn’t cooked the meat properly. (been)
................................................................................................................................................................................
4 Joe is a physics student. He goes to my university. (who)
................................................................................................................................................................................
5 “Please get some bread on the way home,” Mum asked. (me)
................................................................................................................................................................................
6 A nutritionist is advising the committee. (advised)
................................................................................................................................................................................
7 Perhaps he got stuck in the lift. (might)
................................................................................................................................................................................
8 I think you should eat healthier food. (if)
................................................................................................................................................................................
26
ANSWER KEY
>
1 1 painless procedure
2 thrilled to hear that you’re visiting soon
3 is homeless
4 is very useful
5 was embarrassed when she saw him again
6 quite amusing
7 surprised to receive an invitation
2 1 popularity 4 loneliness
2 disappointment 5 improvement
3 punctuation 6 happiness
3 1 interesting 5 view
2 communication 6 personality
3 Social 7 express
4 text
4 Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.
1 1 got, had opened

2 haven’t spoken, went
3 had met, remembered
4 had been, have dropped
5 had … read, saw, haven’t got around
2 1 I haven’t finished yet.
2 How long have you been studying in Toronto?
3 They have been arguing for hours.
4 Have you looked in the kitchen?
5 He has had a beard ever since it became fashionable.
6 Carla has been reading that book all day.
7 The twins have been ill for two weeks.
8 Brian has already gone to work.
9 Have you been waiting a long time for the bus?
3 1 Jeremy hasn’t finished his homework yet.
2 We have been living in this house since 2002.
3 She has been volunteering all month.
4 He was tired after he had done all the housework.
5 I have just told you that.
6 By the time my sister’s friends came over, I had already gone to bed. / I had already gone to bed by the time my
sister’s friends came over.
27
4 1 didn’t reply
2 have been studying
3 had expired
4 have … applied
5 have … been working
6 haven’t finished
7 haven’t received
>
1 1 keep a secret 5 save money

2 keep an eye on 6 keep … company
3 keep track of 7 save … the trouble
4 save lives
2 1 Today’s computers can perform millions of calculations per second.
2 I would avoid her until she’s calmer.
3 This red button enables the drone to fly.
4 They’re going to invent a new kind of computer chip.
5 Sales of drones will continue to increase.
6 That smartphone has some very cool features.
7 You should upgrade the hard drive on your computer.
3 1 skilful 6 suitable
2 jealous 7 mad
3 experienced 8 disappointed
4 tired 9 interested
5 impressed
4 1 downside 6 attempt
2 capable 7 user-friendly
3 controversial 8 costly
4 inventing 9 tough
5 tools
1 1 will have started 5 Will … have walked

2 will have made 6 will have changed
3 will be eating 7 Will … be leaving
4 won’t be meeting
2 1 By the time you come for a visit, I will have bought a drone.
2 At 8 o’clock, Mark will be teaching a French class.
3 Soon, everyone will be working from home.
4 Within a few years, we will have increased the amount of green energy we use.
5 This time next week, I’ll be surfing in Sydney.
6 Do you think they will have delivered the 3D printer by the weekend?
3 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 will be starting, will have learned / learnt
2 will have arrived, will be raining
3 will be doing, Will … have saved
28
4 will have moved, will have made

5 Will … have ended, will be leaving
4 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 will be starting 4 will have started
2 will buy 5 won’t be
3 will be skiing 6 is going to hit
>
1 1 drop 4 get
2 make 5 catch
3 go 6 put
2 1 Paul never pays attention in class.
2 For me, maths is a struggle
3 Her income is £3,000 a month.
4 Our teachers provide us with a lot of support.
5 A man disrupted the prime minister’s speech.
3 1 various 4 energetic
2 personal 5 achievable
3 impressive
4 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 finishes university
2 reading material
3 to concentrate
4 speak in front of people
5 new toys
6 passed the exam
7 succeed
1 1 The science class that I’ve chosen is chemistry. D

2 The homework, which is due tomorrow, is going to take hours. / The homework, which is going to take hours, is
due tomorrow. N
3 He lives in a place where the weather is always nice. D
4 I have the same teacher who my father had. D
5 Ms Jones, whose brother teaches here, is the school librarian. N
6 Russian is a language which I find hard to learn. D
7 There will be a new headteacher in September, when the new academic year begins. N
2 Sentences 1, 4 and 6
3 1 who 4 (which / that)
2 (which / that) 5 whose
3 who 6 (which / that)
4 1 c 2 e 3 a 4b 5d
29
1 Abigail and Annie, who are twins, are my best friends.

2 It’s difficult to tell them apart, which is a problem for the teachers.
3 Abigail, who is in my science class, is a bit taller than Annie. / Abigail, who is a bit taller than Annie, is in my
science class.
4 We usually meet on Oak Street, where they live, and walk to school together.
5 Annie, whose full name is Annabel, sometimes rides her bike instead.
5 1 This is the street where my old school is.
2 Mr Lee is in his office, which is upstairs.
3 I rarely visit Manchester, where I was born.
4 I left my hat on the bus (which / that) I took yesterday.
5 There are many students who / that don’t like languages.
6 What was the moment (when / that) you first noticed him?
>
1 1 L
2 I, It’s hard to find work now.
3 I, It’s gone up recently.
4 L
5 I, Can you please open the window?
6 I, Now, it’s not open 24 hours a day.
2 1 turned up 5 turned against
2 cut off 6 cut down on
3 turn down 7 turn back
4 cut across 8 turned into
3 1 illegal 4 cooperate
2 megastorm 5 inequality
3 underpaid 6 misbehaves
4 1 overcrowded 5 turned into
2 skyscrapers 6 lack of
3 landmarks 7 giant
4 residents
1 1 should
2 should have
3 couldn’t have / can’t have
4 may / might
5 needs to / has to / must
6 don’t have to / don’t need to
2 1 don’t need to / don’t have to hurry
2 must have left
3 could have taken / can’t have
4 would have made
5 can’t / shouldn’t go out
30
6 should have done

3 1 It might rain tomorrow.
2 You should take more driving lessons.
3 The library must be open now.
4 I could have gone to a World Cup match.
5 He must have been disappointed with the results.
6 Could you help me, please?
4 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 might steal it
2 should have worn a coat
3 don’t need / have to bring anything
4 shouldn’t have parked there
5 would have helped
6 might be away
>
1 1 dated 6 got to know

2 lived through 7 relatives
3 flows 8 get along
4 envy 9 shine
5 get over 10 possessions
2 1 centre / center 5 garden / yard
2 flat / apartment 6 wardrobe / closet
3 sofa / couch 7 parcel / package
4 lift / elevator 8 shop assistant / salesman
3 1 believed in 4 depend on
2 worry about 5 search for
3 laughing at 6 participate in
4 1 succeeded in 4 stare at
2 concentrate on 5 prevent … from
3 blame … for 6 complained about
5 1 value
2 close friend
3 relative
4 divorced
5 break up
6 take … for granted
7 grow apart
8 have not got a lot in common
1 1 don’t turn on, won’t work

2 isn’t, will get
3 would … be, could be
4 will make, stay
31
5 will / can … give, see

6 were, would help
7 will tell, meet
8 had sent, would have received
2 1 worked, he wouldn’t have to depend on his parents
2 I get home, I’ll call Jack
3 parents hadn’t objected, she would have got married on the beach
4 I’m too tired, I’ll go over to Paul’s later
5 aren’t on time, you can’t participate in the race
3 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 had been invited
2 will watch some TV
3 need my help
4 would be in Japan
5 freeze it
4 1 If I were you, I’d buy the blue shirt.
2 If I had wanted him to come, I would have invited him.
3 If we weren’t both so busy, we’d meet more often.
4 They might break up unless he treats her better.
5 We can / will eat as soon as the food is ready.
5 1 I’ll go for a walk unless it rains / if it doesn’t rain.
2 I would have finished the project if I hadn’t been ill.
3 If I save enough money, I can / will buy a new computer.
4 You can use the printer as soon as I’ve finished.
5 If I were you, I’d tell him the truth.
>
1 1 money 5 expensive
2 price 6 bad
3 pay 7 a DJ
4 should
2 1 working here much longer
2 looking at herself in a mirror
3 to rent surfboards
4 Using public transport
5 to stay at home
6 doing yoga three months ago
4 1 c 3f 5g 7e
2d 4a 6b
5 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 show you around school
2 charged us too much
3 get rid of some stuff
32
4 a profit
5 no cash on me
6 will go broke
1 1 shouldn’t be told the news

2 are guaranteed free delivery
3 haven’t been sent an invitation yet
4 must be given a fair chance
5 were given tickets (by the singer)
6 offered to the hotel’s guests
2 1 Is dinner being served at the moment?
2 How much are you going to be charged?
3 How often are your teeth checked?
4 Why weren’t you invited to Emma’s party last week?
5 Where should the money be kept?
3 1 was warned, didn’t listen
2 am doing, was told
3 is served, must be made
4 Don’t … lend, will … be returned
4 1 It can be opened with a small amount.
2 It will probably be approved.
3 It still hasn’t been sold.
4 It should have been sent.
5 Then I was shown around the office.
5 1 was founded 7 were built
2 was run 8 has grown
3 was sold 9 is known
4 became 10 tried
5 created 11 was rejected
6 had already ordered
>
1 1 I know I let you down.

2 I am willing to help you with this work.
3 This is too much work for you to cope with.
4 I hope you’re hired / they hire you!
5 Her opponent is a younger player.
2 1 trophy / award, winner
2 speed / strength, training
3 defeat / beat, successful
4 way ahead / in the lead, second
5 tournament / championship, TV
6 went wild / cheered, scored a goal
3 1 b 2 d 3 e 4 a 5 c
33
1 guidelines 4 finish line

2 kick-off 5 runner-up
3 long jump
4 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 hospital 5 live on Mars
2 midnight 6 a foreign country
3 used public transport 7 boast
4 a smartphone 8 watches a match
5 1 bright future 5 sign

2 break records 6 highly unlikely
3 superstar 7 turnaround
4 esteemed 8 no matter
1 1 The technician promised that he / she would repair the laptop by the next / following day / the day after.
2 My sailing instructor ordered me not to take off my life jacket.
3 Janet said that she hadn’t scored any goals the day before / the previous day.
4 The coach announced that I / we had practised enough that day.
5 Steve explained that I / we had to swim well to get into the team.
6 Gary said that he couldn’t pay me back until the following week / the week after.
7 Nancy told Sam that they / we were coming to his match.
8 The athlete complained that those running shoes were uncomfortable.
2 1 Cindy wanted to know how many races Andrew had won.
2 My sister asked me if / whether I had fed the cat that morning.
3 A fan wondered when they were going to interview the winner.
4 Nigel asked Marie if / whether she trained there every day.
3 1 My mother reminded me not to forget my trainers.
2 The fan complained that the team had never played worse.
3 The referee warned the player that he / she was going to give him / her a red card next time.
4 Lou wondered whether / if Ronaldo was the world’s best football player.
5 The doctor advised me to exercise more.
6 My friend suggested buying / that we buy our tickets there.
7 The player admitted that he / she hadn’t shown good sportsmanship the night before / the previous night.
8 The reporter announced that Serena Williams had just won the tournament.
1 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 a short shelf life 5 a famine
2 a public scare 6 a staple
3 a treat 7 should switch to it
4 adequate time
2 POSSIBLE ANSWERS
1 gave us a free dessert
2 bad behaviour
3 they actually fight a lot
4 she’s been ill
34
5 fixing your laptop

6 such bad service
3 1 put all your eggs in one basket
2 in a nutshell
3 food for thought
4 take it with a pinch of salt
5 not my cup of tea
4 1 major 6 overlooked
2 cuisine 7 risk
3 dish 8 raw
4 run out of 9 bland
5 stored 10 edible
1 1 either 5 would
2 used 6 nor
3 so 7 use
4 getting 8 that
2 1 Tom nor I want to go out tonight
2 got used to the noise of the trains
3 such a boring lecture that we left early
4 either pasta or rice as a side dish
5 getting used to the cold weather
4 1 can’t, hadn’t finished
2 have been waiting, must be / have
3 will get, must
4 Should, has been given
5 1 Have you already eaten?
2 We used to go to the beach every day.
3 The meat hasn’t been cooked properly.
4 Joe, who is a physics student, goes to my university. / Joe, who goes to my university, is
a physics student. / Joe is a physics student who goes to my university.
5 Mum asked me to get some bread on the way home.
6 The committee is / are being advised by a nutritionist.
7 He might have got stuck in the lift.
8 If I were you, I’d eat healthier food.
35

Make - The - Grade - 1 REFUERZO-V G 2

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MAKE THE GRADE 1_ VOC & GRAMMAR REFUERZO 2

3 Complete the passage with the words below.

4 Name the following. Pay attention to the words in bold.

2 something that is a worldwide problem

3 a reason for a sleepless night

4 a way to keep in touch with friends in another country

5 a reason to meet someone face-to-face

6 something that has always been a challenge for you

7 something you often upload

2 I ..................................................................... (not speak) to Scott since we ......................................... (go) out to dinner

5 Susie ..................................................................... already .........................................(read) the book before we .

2 how long / you / study / in Toronto / ?

3 they / argue / for hours / .

4 you / look / in the kitchen / ?

5 he / have / a beard / ever since / it / become fashionable / .

6 Carla / read / that book / all day / .

7 the twins / be ill / for two weeks / .

8 Brian / already / go / to work / .

9 you / wait / a long time / for the bus / ?

3 She started volunteering this month. (all month)

4 He was tired after doing all the housework. (done)

5 I told you that a moment ago. (just)

Can’t wait to see you

1 I won’t tell anyone. I can ..................................................................... .

2 Rewrite the sentences using the words below.

1 Today’s computers do millions of calculations per second.

2 I would stay away from her until she’s calmer.

3 This red button will allow the drone to fly.

4 They’re going to create a new kind of computer chip.

5 Sales of drones will continue to go up.

6 That smartphone has some very cool characteristics.

3 Circle the correct answer.

4 Complete the text with the words below.

anti-gun laws hope to change.

1 The concert ........................................by then.

2 Mark teaches a French class at 7.30 pm. (at 8 o’clock)

3 Soon, no one will work in an office. (everyone / from home)

2 Hopefully, they ..................................................................... home by the evening. It ........................................ heavily

4 By the end of the summer, we ..................................................................... to a new city. I hope I .....................................................................

5 ..................................................................... the party ........................................ by midnight? I hope so, because

2 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.

2 For me, maths is very difficult. (struggle)

3 She earns £3,000 a month. (income)

4 Our teachers provide us with a lot of help and encouragement. (support)

5 A man shouted insults during the prime minister’s speech. (disrupted)

I love running for 1 ..............................reasons, including the satisfaction of achieving a new

6 I’m delighted that you ................................................................................................................................................................................................ .

5 Answer the questions. Pay attention to the words in bold.

2 What makes you feel stressed?

3 What was a struggle for you to learn?

4 What school assignment are you working on?

5 What do you do when you miss a lesson?

.......... 2 The homework is going to take hours. It is due tomorrow. (which)

.......... 3 He lives in a place. The weather is always nice there. (where)

.......... 4 I have a teacher. My father had the same teacher. (who)

.......... 6 Russian is a language. I find it hard to learn. (which)

3 Complete the sentences using a suitable relative pronoun when necessary.

2 Mr Lee / be / in his office / be / upstairs

3 I / rarely / visit / Manchester / I / be born

4 I / leave / my hat / on / the bus / I / take / yesterday

5 there / be / many students / not like / languages

6 what / be / the moment / you / first / notice / him?