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NCM 100
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN NURSING

COURSE CODE: NCM 100 COURSE TITLE: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN NURSING

COURSE TYPE: Professional Subject COURSE CREDIT: 3 UNITS (54 hours)
PRE-REQUISITE: NONE CO-REQUISITE: MC 1 & MC 2
PLACEMENT: Level 1, First Semester SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING: 10-11hours (20-30%)
PROFESSOR: Ms. Viamarie B. Bulagao, CNN, MN, RN CONSULTATION PERIOD: Tuesday, 8:00AM- 5:00PM

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course deals with the meta concepts of a person, health, environment and nursing as viewed by the different theorists. Likewise, it
includes non – nursing theories such as systems, developmental and change theories. It presents how these concepts and theories serve as guide to nursing
practice. It further deals with health as a multi-factorial phenomenon and the necessary core competencies that the nurse needs to develop

LEVEL OUTCOMES: At the end of the first year, given simulated situations in selected settings, the learners demonstrate basic nursing skills in rendering safe
and appropriate care utilizing the nursing process.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES:

1. Apply knowledge of physical, social, natural and health sciences and humanities in the practice of Nursing Institutes safety measures and applicable
nursing interventions through utilization of the nursing process in the care of clients.
2. Not Applicable
3. Apply guidelines and principles of evidence-based practice in the delivery of care.
4. Practice nursing in accordance with existing laws, legal, ethical, and moral principles and with just and humane regard to people.
5. Communicate effectively in speaking, writing, and presenting using culturally appropriate language.
6. Report/document client accurately and comprehensively.
7. Collaborate effectively with inter-intra-and multi-disciplinary and multi-cultural teams.
8. Practice beginning management and leadership skills care using systems approach in the delivery of client care.
9. Not Applicable
10. Engage in lifelong learning with a passion to keep current with the national and global developments in general, and nursing and health developments in
particular.

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism
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11. Demonstrate responsible citizenship and pride being a Filipino through instruction research and extension of services founded on Christian values and
pride in one’s race.
12. Apply techno-intelligent care systems and processes in health care delivery.
13. Uphold the nursing care values in the practice of the profession.
14. Not Applicable
15. To fully integrate women into the development process, to continually search for new and innovative initiatives that will help transform unequal
social/gender relations into creative opportunities that would equally benefit men and women.
16. To help determine the extent of the benefits derived by both men and women from the curriculum, programs and projects. It must be able to address the
needs of both men and women.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

Given actual clients in the hospital/community setting the Level I learner will be able to:

1. Display the knowledge of physical, social, natural and health sciences as applied from the concepts of nursing theories
2. Not Applicable
3. Prominently exhibit guidelines and principles of evidence-based practice among different Nursing theories.
4. Applies existing laws, legal, ethical and moral principles in the practice of nursing.
5. Reflect effectively the ways of proper communication in form of speaking, writing, and presentation using culturally appropriate language.
6. Performs accurate and comprehensive documentation skills during care of clients.
7. Characterized effective collaborative skills through cooperative activities.
8. Demonstrate interest in improving competence in creating new ideas, formulating concepts based on learned nursing theories as a leader.
9. Not Applicable
10. Show interest insocial responsiveness and active participation in lifelong learning programs.
11. Advocates true Filipino nurse moral values with commitment to service.
12. Perceiving appropriate technology that aims to enhance materials in learning and communication through presentations.
13. Acts in accordance to the Nursing Code of Ethics in the care of clients.
14. Not Applicable.

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism

LEARNING PLAN:
Content/Topic
Introduction to the Course
1. Introduction of oneself
2. Review of the College VMO as applied
to the course
3. Overview of the course
4. Discussion of Requirements and class
policies
5. Expectations Setting
Tools and Equipment Identification
I. The Evolution of Nursing
A. Nursing Science and Theory in
the early 20th Century
1. Rationalism
2. Empiricism
3. Nursing Leaders of the 20th
Century
4. Prominent Nursing Leaders in
the Philippines
5. Past PNA President
B. Nursing Science and Theory in
the late 20th Century
1. Theoretical Concepts of
Different Contemporary Theorist
2. Professional Rules of Nurses
3. Expanded Rules of Nurses
C. Scope of Theories and Analysis
1. Grand Theories
2. Middle Range Theories
3. Micro Range Theories
D. Analysis and Evaluation of
Theory
VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit
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Time Learning Strategies
Learning Outcomes Assessment
Allotment Classroom
 Integrates relevant principles of social, physical, natural and  Self-Introduction
3h (M) health sciences and humanities in a given health and nursing  Preparation of Class
Wk 1 situation.  Discussion of Vision,
 Displays knowledge on nursing interventions and management Mission, Policies, Grading
holistically and comprehensively in care of clients. System
 Exercises appropriate and efficient methods/strategies/tools to Lecture
manage multiple nursing interventions for clients with co-
morbidities, complex and rapidly changing health status with  Supplemental Discussion  Short Quiz
consultation as needed.  Oral Participation  Rubrics for Oral
 Coordinates care by prioritizing use of human, material, financial Participation
6h (M) and other resources to achieve expected health outcomes.
Wk 2 & 3  Organizes own workload demonstrating time management skills
for meeting responsibilities and achieving outcomes.
 Ensures that all nursing personnel adhere to standards of
safety, bioethical principles and evidenced based practice
 Maintains a positive practice environment
 Demonstrates caring as the core of nursing, love God, love of
country and love of people.
 Manifests professionalism, integrity and excellence.
 Project the positive professional image of a Filipino Nurse.
3h (M)
Wk 4
3h (M)
Wk 5
J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism
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II. The Significance of Theory to

Nursing as A Profession

III. Overview  Adhere to ethico-legal considerations when providing safe,  Supplemental Discussion  Short Quiz
1. Definition of concept, theory, 1h (M) quality and professional nursing care.  Oral Participation  Rubrics for Oral
principle Wk 6  Adheres to established norms of conduct based on the Participation
2. Characteristics of a theory Philippine Nursing Law and other legal, regulatory and
3. Components of a theory institutional requirements relevant to safe nursing practice.
4. Purposes of nursing theory
Nursing paradigm
IV. Environmental Theory 2 hrs.  Assumes responsibility of lifelong learning, own personal  Activity: Impersonation  Rubrics for
1. Florence Nightingale Wk 6 development and maintenance of competence  Supplemental Impersonation
 Demonstrate continued competence and professional growth. Discussion Activity
 Engages in advocacy activities to influence health and social  Short Quiz
care service policies and access to services.
 Models professional behavior
PRELIM EXAMINATION
V. Interactive Theories 9h (M)  Establishes rapport with client and/or support system ensuring  Activity: Impersonation  Rubrics for
1. Hildegard Peplau- Interpersonal Wk 7-9 adequate information about each other as partners in a working  Supplemental Impersonation
Relationship Theory relationship; communicate through health education and nurse- Discussion Activity
2. Virginia Henderson - Identified patient interaction.  Short Quiz
Fourteen (14) basic human needs  Prepares a written research report related to client’s condition
3. Joyce Travelbee - Human-to- and nursing management.
Human Relationship
VI. Developmental Theories 9h (M)  Maintains a harmonious and collegial relationship among  Activity: Impersonation  Rubrics for
1. Sis. Callista Roy - Adaptation Wk. 10-12 members of the health team for effective, efficient, and safe  Supplemental Impersonation
Model client care. Discussion Activity
2. Madeleine Leiniger - Transcultural  Short Quiz
Theory in Nursing
3. Jean Watson- Human Caring
Model
4. Patricia Benner - From Novice to

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism
 N C M 1 0 0 - Page 5 of 10

Expert
5. Letty Kuan - Retirement and Role
Discontinuities
6. Carmencita Abaquin - “Prepare
Me” Theory
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
VII. System Theories 9 hrs.  Exercises appropriate and efficient methods/strategies/tools to  Activity: Impersonation  Rubrics for
1. Betty Neuman - System Model in Wk 13-15 manage multiple nursing interventions for clients with co-  Supplemental Impersonation
Nursing Practice morbidities, complex and rapidly changing health status with Discussion Activity
2. Dorothy Johnson - Behavioral consultation as needed.  Short Quiz
System Model  Coordinates care by prioritizing use of human, material, financial
3. Imogene King - Goal Attainment and other resources to achieve expected health outcomes.
Theory  Organizes own workload demonstrating time management skills
4. Dorotea Orem - Self-care Deficit for meeting responsibilities and achieving outcomes.
Theory  Ensures that all nursing personnel adhere to standards of safety,
5. Faye Abdellah - Typology of the bioethical principles and evidenced based practice
21 Nursing problems  Maintains a positive practice environment
VIII. Philippine Conceptual Models 9 hrs.  Engages in advocacy activities to deal with health-related  Activity: Impersonation  Rubrics for
1. Ernestine Weldenbach Wk 16- 18 concerns and adopts policies that foster the growth and  Supplemental Impersonation
2. Myra Estrine Levine development of the nursing profession Discussion Activity
3. Martha Rogers  Exemplify love of country and service to Filipinos  Short Quiz
4. Irma Bustamante  Customizes nursing interventions based on Philippine culture
5. Elsie Antepon-Tee and values
FINAL EXAMINATION

Learning Environment
 Classroom &, Community

Resources:
 Video Clip, Laptop and Multimedia equipment, Power Point Presentation, Reference Books
Course Requirements:
 Attendance - if incurred ten absences, automatic Failure Due to Absences (FDA) - three (3) lates/ tardy marks is equal to one absent

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism
 N C M 1 0 0 - Page 6 of 10

 Class Performance, Activities, Recitations, quizzes, seat work, project.

Grading System:

Term Grade (Prelim, Midterm, Finals) Percentage

Major Examination 30%
Class Participation 25%
Assignment / Project / Reflection Paper / Activity Output 25%
Quizzes / Seat Work 20%
Total 100%
*Class participation includes attendance, participation in class discussions and activities and behavior inside the class room.
*Final Grade = Prelim (30%) + Midterm (30%) + Finals (40%)

COURSE POLICIES:

1. The students are expected to be in the classroom at the scheduled time of the class.
2. Students are allowed not more than 20% of the total hours of absences inclusive of tardiness. Excessive absences shall merit the grade of 5.00.
Absence due to hospitalization and other unavoidable circumstances maybe exceptions but excuses under this situation need the consent and approval
of the Program Chair and the Director for Academic Affairs.
3. Assignment shall be submitted on the date agreed upon by the class. No assignment shall be accepted after the due date. No special assignment shall
be given in view of the missed one.
4. Major examination shall be given on scheduled date. No examination shall be given after the schedule.
5. Students are expected to display the highest degree of honesty and professionalism in their class work, requirements and activities and in dealing with
fellow students and teacher.
6. Cellular phones should be turned off or in silent mode during the class.
7. The teacher is very open to suggestions. Any activity shall be agreed upon by the class. Requests and concerns related to the course shall be
discussed in the class or to the teacher during the consultation hour.
8. Student with perfect attendance shall be given extra credit in the final grade.

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism
 N C M 1 0 0 - Page 7 of 10

References:
Call Number or
Reference Material
E-provider
Bermon, Audrey et al. Kozier and Erb’s (2015), Fundamentals of Nursing 10th Ed
Kapoor, P. (2013), Theory and Practice of Nursing an Integrated Approach to Caring Practice
Octaviano, E. (2013), Theoretical Foundation of Nursing: The Philippine Perspective, Ultimate Learning Series 193 pages
Crisp, Jackie, etal (2012), Potter and Perry’s Fundamentals of Nursing 4th Ed
Quiambao-Udan J. (2013), Theoretical Foundations of Nursing 1st Edition m Publishing House 396 pages
Udan, Josie Q. (2013), Theoretical Foundations of Nursing

Prepared by:
Checked by:
VIAMARIE B. BULAGAO MN, CNN, RN
Lecturer and Clinical Instructor, School of Nursing ROCHELLE D. ORTILLO, MAN, RN
Program Chair, School of Nursing

Recommended by:
Approved by:
KAREEN MAE A. TEVES
Center for Quality Assurance Coordinator REYMART B. BOLAGAO, MAN, RN
Director for Academic Affairs

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (PO)
1. Apply knowledge of physical,
social, natural and health
sciences and humanities in the
practice of Nursing
2. Provide safe, appropriate,
and holistic care to individuals,
families, population group and
community utilizing nursing
process through excellent and
responsive education
3. Apply guidelines and
principles of evidence-based
practice in the delivery of care
4. Practice nursing in
accordance with existing laws,
legal, ethical, and moral
principles and with just and
humane regard to people.
5. Communicate effectively in
speaking, writing, and
presenting using culturally
appropriate language
VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN NURSING
COURSE OUTCOMES (CO)
Display the knowledge of
physical, social, natural and
health sciences as applied
from the concepts of nursing
theories
Not Applicable
Prominently exhibit guidelines
and principles of evidence-
based practice among different
Nursing theories.
Applies existing laws, legal,
ethical and moral principles in
the practice of nursing.
Reflect effectively the ways of
proper communication in form
of speaking, writing, and
presentation using culturally
appropriate language.
J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence
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NCM 100
LEARNING OUTCOMES (LO)
A.I Integrates relevant principles of social, physical, natural and health sciences and
humanities in a given health and nursing situation.
B.I Displays knowledge on nursing interventions and management holistically and
comprehensively in care of clients.
Not Applicable
A.2.4.2IInstitutes appropriate evidence based nursing interventionsusing a participatory
approach based on variety of theories and standards relevant to health and healing.
A.1.1IAdhere to ethico-legal considerations when providing safe, quality and professional
nursing care.
A.1.3IAdheres to established norms of conduct based on the Philippine Nursing Law and
other legal, regulatory and institutional requirements relevant to safe nursing practice.
A.2.1I Establishes rapport with client and/or support system ensuring adequate information
about each other as partners in a working relationship; communicate through health
education and nurse-patient interaction.
C.1.3.1IPrepares a written research report related to client’s condition and nursing
management.
D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism

6. Report/document client
accurately and
comprehensively
7. Collaborate effectively with
inter-intra-and multi-disciplinary
and multi-cultural teams
8. Practice beginning
management and leadership
skills care using systems
approach in the delivery of
client care.
9. Conduct research with an
experienced researcher.
10. Engage in lifelong learning
with a passion to keep current
with the national and global
developments in general, and
nursing and health
developments in particular
11. Demonstrate responsible
citizenship and pride being a
Filipino through instruction
research and extension of
services founded on Christian
values and pride in one’s race
VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit
Performs accurate and
comprehensive documentation
skills during care of clients.
Characterized effective
collaborative skills through
cooperative activities.
Utilizes management and
leadership principles towards
effective care of clients.
Not Applicable
Show interest insocial
responsiveness and active
participation in lifelong learning
programs.
Advocates true Filipino nurse
moral values with commitment
to service.
J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence
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Not Applicable
B.1.3I Maintains a harmonious and collegial relationship among members of the health
team for effective, efficient, and safe client care.
B.1.1I Exercises appropriate and efficient methods/strategies/tools to manage multiple
nursing interventions for clients with co-morbidities, complex and rapidly changing health
status with consultation as needed.
B.1.2I Coordinates care by prioritizing use of human, material, financial and other
resources to achieve expected health outcomes.
B.2.2I Organizes own workload demonstrating time management skills for meeting
responsibilities and achieving outcomes.
B.4.6I Ensures that all nursing personnel adhere to standards of safety, bioethical
principles and evidenced based practice
B.4.9I Maintains a positive practice environment
Not Applicable
A.5.1I Assumes responsibility of lifelong learning, own personal development and
maintenance of competence
A.5.2I Demonstrate continued competence and professional growth.
A.5.3I Engages in advocacy activities to influence health and social care service policies
and access to services.
A.5.4I Models professional behavior
B.6.4I Engages in advocacy activities to deal with health-related concerns and adopts
policies that foster the growth and development of the nursing profession
AI Exemplify love of country and service to Filipinos
BI Customizes nursing interventions based on Philippine culture and values
D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism
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12. Apply techno-intelligent
care systems and processes in
health care delivery
Perceiving appropriate A.IUse appropriate technology to perform safe and efficient nursing activities.
technology that aims to B.I Implement system of informatics to support the delivery of healthcare.
enhance materials in learning
and communication through
presentations.

13. Uphold the nursing care
values in the practice of the
profession
14. Develop entrepreneurial
skills in the delivery of nursing
care
Acts in accordance to the
Nursing Code of Ethics in the
care of clients.
N/A
AI Demonstrates caring as the core of nursing, love God, love of country and love of
people.
BI Manifests professionalism, integrity and excellence.
CI Project the positive professional image of a Filipino Nurse.
N/A

Prepared by:
Checked by:
VIAMARIE B. BULAGAO MN, CNN, RN
Lecturer and Clinical Instructor, School of Nursing ROCHELLE D. ORTILLO, MAN, RN
Program Chair, School of Nursing

Recommended by:
Approved by:
KAREEN MAE A. TEVES
Center for Quality Assurance Coordinator REYMART B. BOLAGAO, MAN, RN
Dean, School of Nursing and Director for Academic Affairs

VISION: We are a premiere institution highly engaged in producing globally competitive professionals.
MISSION: We empower all students and stakeholders in achieving easy access to comprehensive instruction, research, and extension services using advanced technology.
S – Scholarly Pursuit J – Just and humane regard for people C – Commitment to Excellence D – Diversity with Purpose C – Compassion to
Professionalism