Gc3 - The Health and Candidate's Observation Safety Practical Application Sheet

GC3 – THE HEALTH AND Candidate’s observation
SAFETY PRACTICAL APPLICATION sheet
Sheet number of _____
Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________
Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____
Observations Control measures Timescale

Hazards and consequences Immediate and longer term actions
(23) Hazard: (Biological)

Drinking water facility was very (1) Follow safe hygiene work practices. 2 – 3 hours
poor and unhygienic as there was only
two hand water pump near the sanitary (2) Provide training to the employees and 4 – 5 hours
accommodation for a large number of workers and give them information as
workers in the area from where very well as instruction about personal
foul smell was continuously spreading hygiene.
nearby which was totally unhealthy.
Moreover no proper washing (3) Provide good and hygienic drinking 3 days
facilities were provided to the workers water facilities in the workplace.
and number of facilities was less i.e. 2
in the east side and 1 in the north side (4) Build up proper and adequate number 5 – 6 days
as the number of workers in the of washing points/facilities for workers
construction site was approximately and provide proper ventilation and
more than 200. drainage system.
Consequence:
Due to consumption of unhygienic and

unhealthy water, the workers may get
sick, infected, diseases or any ill health
problems.
Due to unavailability of proper washing

facilities and inadequate number of the
facilities, the workers may suffer from
chemical contamination, skin diseases.
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(22) Hazard: (Fall from height and

falling)
For installation of ductworks with fibre (1) Provide safety belts/harness to the 2 hours
glass duct insulation, fire dampers, workers.
hanger and supports, workers in the
ground floor were doing ductworks on (2) Provide guard rails and toe boards in 3 hours
mobile elevated work platform (MEWP) MEWP.
without using outriggers and safety
harness in the high rise building (3) Provide Information and Training to 3 hours
construction site. the workers about the activity.
Consequence: (4) Strict monitoring & supervision of Long

ductwork installation operation. term(regular)
While working on MEWP without
outrigger and safety harness, it may
lead to mainly fall from height and
collapse of the MEWP structure which
can cause severe injury, fatality,
fracture, broken bones and
structure/equipment damage.
Due to absence of outrigger, MEWP
may move and get struck with any fixed
structure or moving vehicle due to
which the worker/workers on the
platform may fall or get crushed
between the carrier and a fixed
structure.

(21) Hazard: (Falling)

It was observed that the workers (1) Provide barrication of the crane 2 hours
were performing different tasks in the movement area and restricted to enter
vicinity of mobile crane movement except workers associated with the task.
without wearing safety helmets and
taking shortcuts for doing works across (2) Perform pre use checking and 2 hours
crane pathways. Few workers were inspection of the crane and its
observed walking around under the accessories prior to operate.
suspended load while the crane was
lifting a load of pipes. (3) Train the workers to follow safe work 3 hours
practices and procedures to avoid any
Consequence: risk.
It may lead to serious personal injury, (4) Provide trained and competent Regular
fatality or even death due to improper personnel to monitor and supervise the
lifting, fall of load or overloading, activities in the worksite.
corroded/damaged sling or lifting chain.
Workers may get trapped between pipe
and pipe layer/surface due to
mechanical failure or lifting and
equipment damage.

(20) Hazard: (Discipline and

Maintenance
In the construction site, a few fire (1) Perform visual inspection of all fire 4 – 5 hours
extinguishers were found to be extinguishers.
unoperational and pressure loss
condition in the area of office cabins (2) Replace empty fire extinguishers with 2 days
and electric generator system. Some of the new ones.
them had heavily corroded and
damaged surface whereas in some of (3) Indent new fire extinguishers 1 month
them, there was no safety clip/pin
connected to cap assembly.
Consequence:
In case of any fire emergency in the

workplace, there may be delay in
handling and extinguishing the fire. So it
may lead to a higher risk of becoming
large or uncontrolled fire which can
increase the severity of accident in the
work place.

(19) Hazard: (Vibration)

In the construction site, the workers (1) Install vibration arrestors in the 2 hours
were using concrete drilling machines sources of high vibration.
for the purpose of installation of
underground pipeline and high pressure (2) Encourage the use of PPEs like anti 2 hours
filtration system. vibration gloves.
Consequence: (3) Maintain tools and equipments to 3 hours

avoid excessive vibration.
Mechanical vibrations at work can
expose the workers to hand-arm (4) Provide information, instruction, 1 week
vibration (HAV) or whole body vibration training and supervision to enhance the
(WBV). safe work practices.
Long term and regular exposure to HAV
may lead to vibration white finger, (5) Provide job rotation after intervals regular
numbness and blanching of fingers,
pain, and loss of dexterity.
Whereas prolonged and repeated
exposure to WBV may lead to lower
back and spine pain, fatigue, insomnia,
vertigo.

(18) Hazard(Fire):
Some workers were smoking while (1) Smoking must be strictly prohibited in 1 hour
working very near to the storage area of the vicinity of the storage area.
oxygen and acetylene cylinders.
(2) Storage area should be cool, dry and 2 hour
Consequence: well ventilated space.
Smoking near the storage area of these (3) Oxygen cylinders should be 3 hours
gas cylinders could be very dangerous. stored/kept away at a safe distance from
As the combination of both oxygen and the acetylene cylinders.
acetylene gas is highly flammable,
smoking cigarettes near the cylinders (4) Install properly maintained fire 3 hours
may lead to a fire or explosion if there is extinguishers near the storage area.
an uncontrolled leakage of gases due to
damaged valve or regulator. (5) Perform regular inspection and regular
This may result in severe injuries to the maintenance of the storage area.
workers or also even death and
property damage.

(17) Hazard(Mechanical):
Some of the workers were using (1) Provide appropriate PPEs like hand 1 hour
electrical drilling machines without using gloves to the workers.
appropriate PPEs in a very unsafe
manner as well as unsafe condition (2) Encourage the workers to perform a 2 hours
where some part of their cloths were pre use inspection of the drilling
close to rotating drill chucks/bits. equipments.
Consequence: (3) Provide information, instruction and regular

The continuous and constant training to enhance safe work practices.
movement of machine parts of drilling
equipment can cause entanglement
with clothing, jewellery and long hair of
the workers. This leads to trapping and
drawing-in of part or whole of a person,
into the running machine.
(16) Hazard(Dust)
Workers were mostly performing (1) Provide appropriate PPEs like nose 1 hour
tasks during operation associated with masks, face masks/dust masks, eye
carrying and opening cement bags, protection, hand gloves to the workers.
mixing operations of cements both in
dry and wet form, bricklaying and (2) Encourage the workers to follow good 2 hour
concrete pouring without using nose hygiene and washing practices on skin
masks or face masks or similar PPEs contact.
while handling with cement.
(3) Train them relating to their health and Periodically
Consequence: safety.
Exposure to cement dust can cause
irritation or corrosive burns to the eyes (4) Provide Health surveillance. regular
of the workers and thereby hampering
their activities. Inhalation also can
cause irritation of the respiratory tract.
Due to repeated skin contact, cement
dust can cause allergic dermatitis.

(15) Hazard(Noise)
Cement concrete mixer machines, (1) Use appropriate PPEs like ear muffs 1 hour
piling machines and drilling equipments and ear plugs to avoid the noise level.
were creating large and very irritating
noisy sound during operation in the (2) Provide sound proof enclosure over 2-3 hours
construction site. the noise source.
Consequence: (3) Provide job rotation to reduce the 2 hours

Prolonged exposure to high levels of duration of exposure to noise.
noise may lead to hearing impairments
which can be temporary or permanent. (4) Ensure the provision of information Regular
Exposure to high sound levels may lead and training to the workers
to harmful physical and psychological
health effects. Workers may develop (5) Provide health surveillance. Periodically
tinnitus(constant ringing, whistling,
buzzing in the ears), hearing loss,
stress and sleep disturbance.

(14) Hazard(Ergonomic):
Some of the activities which (1) Provide trolleys, gin wheels etc. to 1 hour
included brick carrying and laying, minimize repetitive actions.
cement bag lifting and carrying, carrying
iron and steel bars from one place to (2) Provide job rotation after each 2 hour
another were being performed interval.
repeatedly by the same workers during
whole day in the work site. (3) Provide automation or mechanisation 1 month
of the activities eg. Fork lift truck,
Consequence: conveyor belt etc.
These kind of repetitive works may
cause work related musculoskeletal (4) Provide health surveillance. periodically
disorders to the workers. These
disorders can affect the muscles, joints,
tendons, ligaments, nerves, bones and
blood circulation system. Lower back
pain is extremely common for workers
who involve in repetitive job patterns.

(13) Hazard(Edge protection):

Workers were performing tasks (1) Provide guard rails and toe boards to 2 hours
involving slab concreting works(slab protect the workers from slipping and
casting, slab shuttering, slab falling.
reinforcement etc.) without any edge
protection support during construction (2) Provide proper PPEs to the workers 1 hours
of building structure.
(3) Encourage them to use safety belts 2 hours
Consequence: while working on heights.
Workers may slip and fall from height
while performing the above tasks and (4) Train them accordingly. regular
consequently may lead to severe injury,
fracture and fatality. They may get hurt
in neck and spinal cord they may leave
them paralysed forever.

(12) Hazard(Work at height):

The tasks involving fixing of (1) Install proper guard rails and toe 2 hours
cladding and bricklaying were being boards before working on the platform.
performed by the workers in the
construction site simply by erecting (2) Use safety belts/harness to avoid fall 1 hour
temporary transferable wooden from height.
structure with no guardrails and toe
boards. (3) Provide information and training to the Regular
workers
Consequence:
While working on an unsafe wooden (4) Provide supervision by competent regular
platform with no guardrails and toe personnel.
boards can cause fall from height and
falling objects from height which may
lead to severe injury in body parts,
broken bones or even fatality to the
workers. They may also get injured
when objects fall on them from height.


(11) Hazard(Poor housekeeping)

Housekeeping was not properly (1) Maintain the cleaning regimes of the 2 hours
maintained in the ground floor of the floor condition daily.
construction site where multiple tasks
were carried out close to one another (2) Perform loading and unloading 3 hours
and in the cement bagging area where activities at a safe distance to avoid
the workers were very busy with loading collision due to poor housekeeping.
and unloading of cement bags from one
place to another. The tools and (3) Engage cleaners and sweepers to 4 hours
equipment used by the workers were perform cleaning activities to avoid
scattered here and there all over the pending.
workplace.
(4) Encourage the workers to obey the Regular
Consequence: safe work practices.
Due to poor housekeeping in these
areas, there is a high probability of
causing slip and trip hazards and
thereby leading to bodily injury to the
workers.

(10) Hazard(Chemical substances): (1) Wear personal protective equipments 1 hour

Workers were working in the such as hand gloves and eye protection.
hazardous chemical area and handling
Calcium carbonate, lead acid, Sulphuric (2) Adopt good hygiene practices 1 hour
acid with bare hands not using proper
PPES such as not wearing chemical (3) Minimize the frequency and duration Regular
hand gloves, safety goggles while of being exposed to such chemical
performing various chemical handling substances.
tasks in the workplace.
(4) Provide health surveillance Regular
Consequence:
Handling with these hazardous
chemicals with bare hands can cause
skin burns, eye irritation and other ill
health problems to the workers.
Calcium carbonate and sulphuric acid is
irritant to both skin and eyes. Sulphuric
acid can cause skin burns when
exposed to it and ingestion of this may
be even more dangerous to health.
Lung and skin diseases are caused by
acids and acid fumes when entered into
the human body.

(9) Hazard(Electrical):
Working on live electrical wires were (1) Provide appropriate PPEs to the 1 hour
being performed by workers without workers.
using suitable PPEs like proper hand
gloves, insulated safety boots. (2) Cover the live electrical wiring network 1 hour
with insulated sheet to avoid electric
Consequence: shock.
Working on exposed live wires without (3) Area should be properly barricaded to 2 hour
proper PPEs may lead to electrocution, avoid unnecessary problems.
severe electric shock, fatality or even
death. (4) Encourage the workers to follow safe Regular
systems of works.
(5) Provide training to them Regular

(8) Hazard( Fire hazards):

Workers were performing welding, (1) Hot works should be strictly prohibited 1 hour
cutting and grinding operations on in the vicinity of flammable materials.
wooden floor and near flammable
materials like paper cartoons, plastic (2) Provide barricading around these 2 hours
materials, polythene bags, foam activities by using fire blankets to prevent
materials which may cause fire hazards any ignition sources from coming in
in the vicinity of the work area. contact with flammable materials.
Consequence: (3) Maintain good housekeeping in the Regular

Welding, cutting and grinding area where the hot works are going on.
operations which create sparks, hot
metal particles may lead to a (4) Provide fire extinguishers near the Regular
major/minor fire to the property and operations.
burn injury or fatality to the workers
working in the vicinity. (5) Provide information and training. Regular

(7) Hazard( Electrical): (1) Provide electrical rubber hand gloves 1 hour
Within the construction site, to the workers.
RLCB/ELCB are not used in some
electrical panels boards while (2) Regular maintenance and inspection 2 hours
performing welding steel and metallic of the equipments prior to use/operate.
materials and structures which can
cause electrocution or electric shock to (3) Provide information and training about Regular
the workers thereby leading to serious safe work practices.
injury or death.
(4) Monitor the tasks and supervise to Regular
Consequence: follow safety procedures
There is a higher risk of getting shocked
to the workers while handling welding
equipments.

(6) Hazard(Excavation): (1) Vehicles should be prevented from

Movement of heavy construction approaching the excavation sides by use
vehicles near an excavation pit, about of barriers and signage.
3.4 meter deep, made for sanitary
landfill and waste disposal purposes (2) Provide good lighting and signage
without proper barrication and any both within the excavation and at the
support of sides of the excavation pit edges of excavation pit.
where other parallel activities were
going on nearby. (3) Provide shoring with metal/wood or
trench box inside the excavation to
Consequence: support the sides of excavation pit to
Unsupported sides of the excavation prevent collapse.
cave-in may collapse due to instability
of soil and frequent movement of the (4) Install properly positioned and
heavy vehicles close to the site, thereby secured ladders for safe access and
leading to serious injuries to the egress of the excavation site. They
workers working in the pit or they may should be carefully examined before use.
be trapped in the soil.
Heavy vehicles may lose its balance (5) Deliver proper information, instruction,
and fall down thereby causing serious training and supervision on safe working
injuries to the drivers and workers as procedures on excavation works to the
well as property damage. workers.
(6) Maintain periodic routine inspection

and proper risk assessment of excavation
related activities by trained and
competent personnel.

(5) Hazard(Workplace): (1) Eliminate contamination of the floor

Workers were moving around and from water, oil or grease, food products,
performing their various activities in an metal shavings and other slippery
unsafe working condition where there materials to prevent slips.
are oil and water spillage on the floor,
uneven/damages floor surfaces, trailing (2) Eliminate the storage and location of
cables of electrical power equipment, equipment and materials in pedestrian
materials left carelessly on the floor pathways to prevent tripping.
resulting in slip and trip hazards.
(3) Provide immediate treatment of
Consequence: spillages by providing bunds or spillage
There is a risk of workers getting injured kits and good ventilation for drying.
from slip and trip hazards on the same
floor level which can cause minor and (4) Eliminate holes, slopes or uneven
major physical injuries(sprains or surfaces by covering and repairing
strains), broken bones, fracture, fatality. damaged surfaces as soon as possible.
(5) Provide suitable slip resistant

footwear to the workers to prevent slips.
(6) Pedestrians walkways should be

clearly identified and marked using floor
markings in the workplace.
(7) Maintain regular and proper
housekeeping regimes


(3) Hazard(Overhead Power Lines): (1) Isolate the power supply when
Repetitive movement of vehicles working near power lines.
such as trucks, dumpers, cranes, JCBs (2) Provide appropriate insulation
etc. near high voltage overhead power (sleeving) by covering the power lines if
lines at the worksite. power cannot be isolated.
(3) Provide barriers, signage and goal
Consequence: posts to keep the plant and vehicles at a
Overhead powered and energized safe distance from the power lines.
electrical lines have high voltages which (4) Provide banksmen if any vehicle/plant
can cause major electrical shock, burns is manoeuvring near power lines.
and electrocution to the workers or (5) Use non-conducting or insulating
drivers. access equipments such as
wooden/fiberglass ladders to reach and
work near/on power lines.

(2) Hazard( Manual handling ):

Workers on a construction site were (1) Provide suitable handling aids such as 2 hours
moving, lifting and carrying building trolleys,gin wheels,sack trucks,barrel
materials, cement bags or boxes by lifts,hoists and lifts if elimination is not
hand over a certain distance due to lack possible.
of suitable transport equipment and
unsafe work practices in the workplace.
(2) Modify the task/activity by introducing 3 hours
Consequence: frequent rest breaks or job rotation
Manual handling activities can cause among the workers.
individual suffering or injuries such as
external injuries(cuts,bruises,crush), (3) Provide several workers to handle a 5 hours
internal injuries(muscle,tendon,ligament large, bulky load rather than less
strains,hernias), back injuies etc. manpower.
Consequently it may cost to
organizations in terms of disruption and (4) Rearrange the workplace by allowing 3 days
lost productivity output. more space for handling activity, levelling
the uneven floor and providing good
lighting condition for safe movement of
the workers.
(5) Eliminate the manual handling by 5 days

automation or mechanisation of the
handling activity.
APPENDIX 3

Student name RUPAK JYOTI NEOG Student number

(1) Hazard (Workplace transport) : (1) Monitor the speed limit of the vehicles 3 hours
at access/egress point and the areas
Collision of vehicles transporting where vehicles and pedestrian activity
building materials with other vehicles, are high.
pedestrians and fixed objects due to
same entrance/exit route for vehicles (2) Provide the workers to wear high 4 hours
and workers, lack of warning signs on visibility clothing.
the vehicle’s track and poor lighting
(3) install audible warning signals/alarms 7 hours
Consequence: and loud horn systems on vehicles while
taking a reverse and turns.
Any collision with other moving
vehicles, pedestrians and other (4) wherever possible physically 3 days
stationary objects such as a tree, pole segregate the pathways of vehicles from
or building structure may result in injury, pedestrians by handrails, barriers or
death and property damage. fencing.
Sometimes it may lead to serious or
fatal injury when collisions occur (5) Use appropriate sign boards or 4 days
between a vehicle and pedestrians. marking signs for vehicle and pedestrian
movement area, loading/unloading area
or any other area where there is a risk of
injury.
(6) Maintain appropriate lighting 5 days

facilities(either natural or artificial) within
and outside the work area for safe
movement of vehicles and pedestrians as
well.

Gc3 - The Health and Candidate's Observation Safety Practical Application Sheet

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GC3 – THE HEALTH AND Candidate’s observation

SAFETY PRACTICAL APPLICATION sheet

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(23) Hazard: (Biological)

Due to consumption of unhygienic and

Due to unavailability of proper washing

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(22) Hazard: (Fall from height and

Consequence: (4) Strict monitoring & supervision of Long

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(21) Hazard: (Falling)

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(20) Hazard: (Discipline and

In case of any fire emergency in the

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(19) Hazard: (Vibration)

Consequence: (3) Maintain tools and equipments to 3 hours

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

Consequence: (3) Provide information, instruction and regular

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

Consequence: (3) Provide job rotation to reduce the 2 hours

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Observations Control measures Timescale

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(13) Hazard(Edge protection):

Sheet number of _____

Student name ______________________________________ Student number __________________

Place inspected _____________________________________ Date of inspection ___ / _____ / _____

Observations Control measures Timescale

(12) Hazard(Work at height):

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Place inspected ___________________________________ Date of inspection _ / _ / _

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