ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (AIIMS) AT AWANTIPORA (KASHMIR)

DESIGN BASIS REPORT

For HOSPITAL (composite structure) & other RCC Structures
R2 dtd 12-June-2020

ARCHITECT
M/S ARCOP ASSOCIATES PVT. LTD.
New Delhi – 110048

CLIENT
M/S CPWD

STRUCTURAL CONSULTANT
CDPL

INDEX
 DESIGN BASIS REPORT

Chapter TITLE Page No.

1. Project Brief 1-4

2. Codes & Standards 4-7

3. Materials of Construction 7-8

4. Loads 8-11

5. Analysis & design Methodology 12-13

6. Load Combinations 13-14

7. Concrete Cover 15

8. Fire Rating 15
 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

CONSTRUCTION OF ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (AIIMS)

AT AWANTIPORA, KASHMIR

DESIGN BASIS REPORT- CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORK

1. PROJECT BRIEF:

The proposed project is located at Awantipora, Srinagar (J&K), the site terrain is having varying
contours resulting in major level difference within various buildings as well as within the same
building among the larger structures. The Hospital Block has been conceived as composite structure,
while all other buildings have been designed as RCC structures. A system of retaining walls has been
evolved to meet the landscaping requirements of the project. Looking at the local features,
topography and the split-level terracing needs, the smaller height (up to 2.5m) retaining walls are
kept in RRM masonry and the higher ones in RCC.

COMPOSITE STRUCTURE(S):

The most prominent building within the complex is ‘Hospital Building’ (Composite Structure) which is
a cluster of 6 no. blocks suitably stacked around the ramp which goes to maximum level 11 floor
levels and terrace above. The various blocks start at different levels to match with contour
requirements of the terrain and also have varying number of floors based on architectural
requirements.

The floor levels at which various blocks have been stacked together are as below:

Block FFL for Various floors as per Arch.

mark
ed

B1 1758.0M/1762.2M

B2 1758.0M/1762.2M/1766.4M/1770.6M/1775.1M/1779.6M/1784.1M/1788.3M/1792.5M/1
796.7M/1800.9M/TERRACE

B3 1766.4M/1770.6M/1775.1M/1779.6M/1784.1M/1788.3M/1792.5M1796.7M/
1800.9M/TERRACE

B4 1762.2M/1766.4M/1770.4M/1774.8M/1779.3M/1783.8M/1788.3M/1792.5M/
1796.7M/1800.9M/TERRACE

B5 1766.4M/1770.4M/1774.8M/1779.3M/1783.8M/1788.3M/1792.5M/1796.7M/

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

1800.9M/TERRACE

B6 1758.0M/1762.2M/1766.4M/1770.6M/1775.1M/1779.6M/1784.1M/1788.3M/
1792.5M/1796.7M/1800.9M/TERRACE

Future Expansion- All the blocks shall have sloped metal roof above RCC terraces so as to facilitate
rainwater/snow exit suitably. All adjoing services are meticulously planned along with the stacking of
the various blocks. As a result, scope of future expansion has not been planned either vertically or
horizontally.

According to the architectural planning and site terrain, at various locations, retaining walls shall be
provided which can go up to 2-3 floor heights in some cases. These will be optimally planned by
taking propping action of the floor slabs as well as considering the limited finite extent of filling
towards the hill side and the resulting earth pressures due to same. For the smaller retaining walls
towards building front & sides, snow accumulation may happen for which extra resulting pressure/
loading will be considered depending upon the gathering of snow expected as falling from sloped
roof and also from direct snowfall in such areas.

The hospital blocks house various departments, OTs & wards based on the Hospital planning aspects
including placement of various services & Medical Equipment. Structurally the plans (framing, slab
details, wall details) will respond to the requirements of loads, levels, platforms, openings, cut-outs
etc so as to permit seamless installation of all such items. Of particular interest is the RCC structure
for LINAC (Linear Accelerator equipment used for radiation Oncology treatment) which emits high
radiation & calls for suitable RCC walls to arrest the radiation extent within the required enclosures.
The structure is suitably located in one extreme edge of the building so as to isolate the same. The
wall thicknesses/ bottom/top slab thickness may vary from 1.0m to 2.5m at locations depending upon
vendor details and
the exact structural requirements as necessary for shielding aspects/ primary and secondary barrier
design, consideration of heavier aggregates etc.
Since the project location is Srinagar, appropriate insulation to the building envelope (walls & roof)
shall be used so as to meet the temperature gradient and other requisite aspects. The loads for the
insulation shall be considered in the design of walls & roof slab.
The above-mentioned details have been inferred from the architectural drawings issued to CDPL by
ARCOP. These drawings shall be used as a part of input data civil/ structural designs for various
buildings/structures in the project.

Structural System (for Composite structures):

The structural system chosen for the hospital building consists of Composite columns, Steel beams
(composite Plate Girder beams integral with deck sheet and RCC slab thereon) such that suitable
Frames with Shear walls and composite columns at architecturally acceptable locations are formed.
The slabs will be provided with construction joints at appropriate locations. Columns, beams and
shear walls shall be laid out in plan in coordination with architectural and services planning, with
2

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

adequate sizes to control deflection under vertical and seismic loads. Ductility detailing shall be done
as per codal provisions. The lateral resistance system shall be SMRF + ductile shear walls to control
lateral forces/displacement. The beam depths (including peripheral beams) been chosen largely to
match architectural requirements besides meeting the structural aspects (such as deflection, flexure
& shear)

Expansion Joint Provision:

All six block shall be separated by suitable expansion/separation joint and designed for immediate
occupancy level of performance in seismic events in line with provision is 1893:2016 as per Cl 7.11.3
for max displacement possibility.

Building Type; Design Life:

The hospital buildings shall be designed as Type-2 as per NBC-2016 guidelines for 50 years design life
and the concrete cover and Fire ratings shall comply with the same.

Functional Requirements:
In Block-3, most part of the lowest floor caters to staff parking requirements. For all other Blocks all
the floors are meant for various hospital departments.

GROUPING OF RCC STRUCTURES:

Besides above stated Hospital Block, the buildings which are conceived as RCC structures are as
below:

Sr
. Structure Levels/ Floors
1 Academic Block Plinth, 1st to 6th floors, Terrace, Roof Truss
Lower Ground, Plinth, 1st, 2nd Floor, Terrace, Roof
2 Guest House Truss
3 Shopping-1 Plinth, Terrace, Roof Truss
4 Auditorium Plinth, 1st to 3rd floors, Terrace, Roof Truss
5 Fire Station Plinth, 1st floors, Terrace, Roof Truss
6 AYUSH building Plinth, 1st floor, Terrace, Roof Truss
7 Night Shelter Plinth, 1st to 6th floors, Terrace, Roof Truss

Other smaller buildings include Electric Substations (ESS), Under Ground Tanks (UGTs), HVAC Plant
Room, Autopsy building, STP, MGPS (Medical Gases Plant System) Room.

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

The various multi-storeyed Residential blocks include various hostels such as UG Boys Hostel, PG Boys
Hostel, Married Hostel, UG Girls Hostel, PG Girls Hostel, Nurses Hostel. Other category of residential
blocks are various Housing blocks categorized as Type 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8.

The common feature in all these buildings is that the sloping roof has been conceived above Terrace
(similar as explained in the Hospital Block)

Structural System (for RCC structures):

The structural system chosen for the buildings consists of RCC Frame structure (consisting of vertical
columns & shear walls) with beam and slab arrangement. The considerations for the suitability of
structural system include meeting the demands of aesthetics conceived by the Architect,
considerations on availability of material, equipment and expertise, durability, constructability and
ease of maintenance besides Structural safety and stability.
Since the location is seismic zone-V, all structural members should conform to provisions laid in IS
1893 & 13920.The design of RCC columns, beam & slabs will be done using IS456-2000, IS 1893-2016
& SP-16.
Other aspects in the RCC structures (like Expansion Joint Provision, Building Type & Design Life)
remain same as listed above in case of Steel composite structure. The functional requirements of
various buildings are defined as per architectural parameters (such as floors usage, heights, elevation
features, sunk areas etc) and the structural system is conceived to comply with same.

2. CODES & STANDARDS:

Throughout this specification, references have been made to appropriate Indian Standards & AISC
code (as and when required) with approved level of workmanship and/or materials. A comprehensive
list of relevant standards is compiled below:

Loads:

 IS:875 -1987/2015 Code of Practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and
structure
(All parts)
 IS: 1893-2016 Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structure.

Foundations:

 IS:1080-1985(2016) Code of Practice for design and construction of shallow foundations on soils
(other than raft, ring and shell)
 IS:1904-1986(2015) Code of Practice for design and construction of foundations in soils general
requirement

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

 IS:2950-1981(2013) Code of Practice for design and construction of raft foundations

 IS:2974-1998(2013/2015) Code of Practice for design and construction of machine foundations
(All parts)
 IS:8009-1976/1980(2013/2015) Code of Practice for calculation of settlement of foundations (All
parts)

RCC:
 IS:456 -2000(2016) Code of Practice for plain and reinforced concrete.
 IS:458 -1988 Specification for precast concrete pipes.
 IS:3370-2009 Code of Practice for concrete structures for the storage of liquids:(All parts).
 IS:4326-2013 Code of Practice for earthquake resistant design and construction of buildings.
 IS:5525-1969(2013) Recommendation for detailing of reinforced concrete works.
 IS: 1786-2008 Specification for high strength deformed steel bars and wires for concrete
reinforcement.
 IS:10262-2009 Recommended guidelines for concrete mix design.
 IS: 1893 (Part-1)-2016 Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures (General provisions
and building).
 IS: 13920-2017 ductile design & detailing of RC structures subjected to seismic forces.

Structural Steel & Composite Construction:

 IS: 800 -2007(2012) Code of Practice for general construction in steel.

 IS:806 -1968(2013) Code of Practice for use of steel tubes in general building construction.
 IS:808 -1989 Dimensions for hot rolled steel beam, column channel and angle section.
 IS:816 -1998 Code of Practice for use of metal arc welding for general construction in mild steel.
 IS:1161-1998 Steel tubes for structural purposes.
 IS:4000-1998 High Strength bolts in steel structures – Code of Practice.
 IS:7215 -1995 Tolerances for fabrication of steel structures.
 IS 2062:-Code of practice for hot rolled medium and high tensile Structure Steel
 AISC:360-10 Specification for Structural Building (Only Chapter-I refer for composite beam and
column design).
 AISC:341-2016-Seismic provisions for Structural steel Buildings

Miscellaneous:

 IS: 432(part 2)-1995 Specification for mild steel and medium tensile steel bars and hard-drawn
steel wire for concrete reinforcement

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

 IS: 6313(part II)-2001 Standards for anti-termite treatment

 IS:1905-1998 Code of Practice for structural use of unreinforced masonry
 IS: 3067-1995 Code of Practice for general design details and preparatory works for damp proofing
and water proofing of buildings.
 SP:6 -1998 Handbook for structural engineers (all parts)
 SP:7 -2016 National Building Code of India
 SP:16-1999 Design Aids for reinforced concrete to IS:456-1978
 SP:22-1982 Explanatory handbook on codes for earthquake engineering (IS:19821975
 and IS:4326-1976 )
 SP:24-1983 Explanatory handbook on Indian Standard code of Practice for plain and reinforced
concrete
 SP:34-1987 Handbook of concrete reinforcement and detailing (SCIP)

Material:

 IS: 269 -2015 Specification for Ordinary, rapid hardening and low heat Portland cement.
 IS: 455 -1995 Specification for Portland blast furnace slag cement.
 IS: 1489-1991 Specification for Portland pozzolana cement
 IS: 4031-1991 Method of physical tests for Portland cement.
 IS: 383 - 2016 Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete.
 IS: 516 – 1999 Method of test for strength of concrete.
 IS: 1199-1999 Method of sampling and analysis of concrete.
 IS: 1566-2000 Specification for plain hard drawn steel wire fabric for concrete reinforcement.
 IS: 4990-1998 Specification for plywood for concrete shuttering works.
 IS: 2645-1999 Specification for integral cement water proofing compounds.

Soil and Foundation:

 IS: 8009:1976 Code of practice for calculation of settlements of foundation.

 IS:1904-1986 Indian Standard Code of practice for Design & Construction foundations in Soil:
General Requirements.
 IS:2950(Part1)-1981 Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design & Construction of raft foundation
– (Part –1)
 IS:3370(Part-2)-2009 Concrete Structures for Storage of Liquids –code of Practice.

Welding standards:

 AWS D1.1 - American Welding Society (AWS): Structural Welding (Steel).

6

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

 ASME Sec II –Part C Specifications for welding Rods, Electrodes and Filler Metals.
Many of above listed standards may not be directly used in detailed design, however, the
comprehensive list is captured for DBR purpose. Wherever appropriate Indian standard does not
exist for any item, appropriate British standards/American standards will be used.

For Roofing System (Truss, Rafter, Purlins)

 http://www.tatastructura.com/architect/pdf/brochure-yst310.pdf (Tata Structural sections of

grades 355 or higher but minimum 310 may be used)
 IS 1161- Code of practice for ‘steel tubes for structural purposes.’
 IS 4923 - Code of practice for ‘Hollow steel sections for structural use’

3. MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION:

Reinforced Concrete:
The cement used for RCC work in the sub structure & super structure will be OPC (Grade 43 and 53)
conforming to IS: 8112-1989 and 12269-1987. All RCC works will be mechanically vibrated to produce
dense, sound and durable concrete as per specifications. The water quality used in all stages of
construction shall strictly conform to IS: 456-2000.

The following grades of Reinforced concrete shall be adopted:

CONCRETE ELEMENT CONCRETE GRADE Max. Size of Type of cement used

Aggregate (mm) in Design Mix.

Raft foundation/ M40/M30 20 OPC

Isolated foundation

Shear Walls & columns M80/M60/M40/M30 20 OPC

(Self-Compacting Concrete)
Retaining Walls M35 20 OPC
Slabs M30 20 OPC

Reinforcing Steel:
High yield strength deformed TMT bars with a minimum yield stress of 500 D MPa, a minimum
elongation of 14.5% and other specifications conforming to IS: 1786 shall be adopted for 10 mm to
32mm dia bars.

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

Structural Steel:

 Structural steel encased column shall be in high tensile steel with a yield stress of 450 MPa
conforming to IS: 2062.
 Structural steel beam shall be built up section in high tensile steel with yield stress of 450 MPa
conforming to IS: 2062.
 Where UB/ UC sections are used grade of steel shall be E350; for ISMB/ISMC/ ISA sections, the
grade of steel shall be Fy=250 MPa.
 Deck sheet shall be TR-60 of 1mm thk. with yield stress of 350 MPa with minimum 275 gsm
galvanization of Corus/Jindal make.
 Shear studs shall have Ultimate stress of 450 MPa.

Choice of steel material with 450 MPa for PG sections (built up) is done to optimize structural steel
quantities. For fabrication, automatic continuous submerged arc H beam welding machine is
conventionally used by the reputed agencies.

External Walls/ Internal walls/ partition walls:

For various walls the material and thickness will be judiciously selected considering the application,
exposure conditions as well as suitability of mounting fixtures etc. The choice of LAAC blockwork is
preferred for structural considerations.
However, the Lift walls, Staircase walls and the Toilets and Pantries are all considered in Red Bricks.

4. LOADS

Dead Loads:
Following unit weights of building materials have been considered in accordance with IS: 875
(Part I)-1987 and IS: 1911.
 Reinforced cement concrete - 2.5 T/m3
 Plain cement concrete - 2.4 T/m3
 Brick masonry including plaster - 2.2T/m3
 Cement mortar / plaster - 2.1T/m3
 Floor finish (stone/tile) - 2.4 T/m3
 Moist, sweet earth for filling of planters - 2.0 T/m3
 Foam Concrete - 1.0 T/m3
 AAC Block Masonry - 0.75T/m3
 Note: Floor Finish shall be considered 75mm thick.

Live Loads:

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

Following live loads have been considered in design in accordance with IS:875 (Part II)-1987.
 Live loading Typical floor 0.40 T/m2
 Live loading common passage staircase& balconies 0.40 T/m2
 Live load at RCC terrace floor 0.15 T/m2
 Snow Loads shall be considered (on the sloping metal roofs) as per IS:875 part 4, in line with
the roof slopes, shapes & geometry.
 Live loads (for parking) 0.5 T/m2
 Live loads (for construction) 0.20 T/m2
 Fire Tender placed to cause the worst effect 60.0 MT
 Electrical room & Storage Areas 0.50 T/m2
 Refuge Area 0.50T/m2
 Lift machine room 1.0 T/m2
 Server room 1 T/m2
 Cafeteria 0.50T/m2
 AHU 0.750 T/m2
 Toilet room 0.2 T/m2
 Pump room 0.75 T/m2
 DG 1.145 T/m2
 UPS battery 1.0 T/m2
 Services including false ceiling 0.05 T/m2
 Partition 0.10 T/m2 (for LAAC blockwork walls of upto 100mm thickness)
(For thicker walls directly resting on slab, detailed design will be done & reinforcement
added as required)
 Cafeteria Load 0.5 T/m2
 Live loads for MRI , CT, laundry washer extractors , other heavy equipment shall be in line
with the vendor specific data, however, for present design purpose loading based on past
experience following loadings are assumed:
a. GC/PET/CT scan - 6T
b. MRI- 10T
c. ERCP/C-ARM- 4T
d. CATH-4T
e. Hybrid OT- 12T
f. CL simulator- 6T
g. Linear Acclerator-12T
h. Autoclave- 500 Kg/sqm

The locations of various equipment (rooms) are identified from architectural floor plans/
equipment layout plan. Loading in various areas are taken as per ‘Area Loading Plans’ which are
again based on usage and past experience. Floor-wise detailed loading plans shall be prepared
during detailed design stage.

Wall Load (AAC Block):

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

 200mm.thk. Wall = 0.17Ton/m run/m height

 100mm.thk. Wall = 0.09Ton/m run/m height
 75 mm dry wall = 0.15Ton/m run/m height
 Insulation panels/ cladding- for PUF panels weight shall depend upon insulation thickness
and taken at 150-200 Kg/cum. For usual 75mm thk insulation, dead load shall be 18Kg/m
run/m height to include associate steel framing etc as well.
Wind Loads:
Wind loads have been worked out based on basic wind speed of 39 m/s, terrain of category-4
structure as per I.S 875 (part 3). Basic input data for the wind analysis assumed as follows:

 Basic Wind speed, Vb =39 m/sec

 Terrain category =3
 Terrain Class = C
 Risk coefficient factor k1 = 1.0 (as per clause 5.3.1)
 Terrain, height & structure size factor k2 = Varies as per code.
 Topography factor k3 = 1.0-1.36 based on Clause 6.3.3.1 of IS:875, part-3.
 Importance factor for cyclonic region k4= 1.0
 As per Wind code: IS 875:2015-part-III: -
 The code assumes the building can be idealized with a rectangular plan, thus assumed to
be prismatic. Dynamic analysis shall be done for the RCC structure and calculation shall
be submitted along with the ETABS model.

Seismic Loads:
 As per IS1893-2016 (reaffirmed in 2017) the proposed building fall under seismic zone-V
 Zone Factor (Zonal V–for Srinagar) Z= 0.36
 Response reduction factor (Ductile shear wall + SMRF) R= 5
 Importance factor I=1.5
 Damping Dm= 5%
 Minimum depth of foundation 1.25 m below from floor finish level
 Soil Type =2

Design live loads under Earthquake

As per clause7.3.1of IS1893 while calculating for seismic forces full dead load plus 50% of
imposed load shall be considered (Table8). Live load on terrace will be omitted except for
stationary (permanently placed) equipment’s.

Temperature & Shrinkage Loads:

The temperature load has been applied in case length of structure is more than 45m for seasonal
and diurnal variation and for shrinkage effects; it is converted in to equivalent temperature for
applying in ETABS model.

10

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

Loading on sloped Metal roofs:

Purlins shall be placed over Steel trusses/ rafters which are mounted over steel columns,
emanating from the Composite columns below Terrace level. Typically terrace columns may be
taken about 1.2m (or parapet height) and steel columns can be taken above that. Accessible
sloped roofs (for maintenance) shall be considered, since solar panels will be mounted on top of
the metal roofs strategically to suit the ‘ideal insolation locations and angle’.

Roofing System
“Standing seam Metal Roofing System” will be adopted, which is the most durable type of
roofing and can last for many years without any maintenance. It is an innovative and
technologically advanced concealed fixed and Zipped-up standing seam system that creates a
continuous weather tight roof with design potential, performance and durability.

Accordingly following loads need to be considered on the sloped metal roofs:

a. Live load as per IS:875 part 2:

For roof membrane sheets & purlins- 0.75 kN/sqm less 0.02 kN/sqm for every degree
increase in slope over 10 degrees, subject to a minimum of 0.4KN/sqm.
However, this shall not govern, since solar panel loads and snow loads will be higher
than this.

b. Load due to Solar Panels and their supporting structure:

Solar panels weigh about 1-2 Kg/sqft typically for most manufacturers. Considering solar
panels and their supporting structure, a loading of 50 Kg/sqm will be considered.
However, this shall not govern, since snow loads will be higher than this.

c. Snow Loads: Snow loads shall be considered as per IS:875 part-4.

 Typically snow load at any place depends on the critical combination of the
maximum depth of undisturbed aggregate cumulative snow-fall and its average
density.
 The minimum design snow load on a roof area which is subjected to snow
accumulation is obtained by multiplying the snow load on ground, s, by the shape
coefficient, as applicable to the particular roof area considered, as defined by
equation below:

Where, S = design snow load in Pa on plan area of roof

= shape coefficient (as per sec-4 of I:875, part-4, usual value of 0.8)

So= Ground snow load in Pa / N/m2

11

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

 Based on the local conditions in the region, a depth of 1200mm of snow shall be
considered with an average density of 300 Kg/cum. Thus, minimum snow load of
360 Kg/sqm on projected plan area shall be considered on the metal roofing. This
shall be the governing load on the roofs.

5. ANALYSIS & DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

Superstructure (For Composite Structure of Hospital Blocks):
The building shall be analysed as composite steel structure using ETABS software for Towers
considering the relevant Indian Standard Codes. Applicable Dead, Live, Wind and Seismic Loads
along with appropriate load combinations have been considered. Software like ETABS and SAFE
shall be used for analysis and design. All secondary composite steel beam connections to main
beams are simple connection and primary beam and cantilever to columns are considered as
moment connection.
The floors comprise of RCC slabs over deck sheet, which is supported over structural beams (plate
girders) in a composite manner. This mechanism will ensure that the in-plane stiffness is so large
that no two nodes can move relatively to each other. That is, they all translate or deform together as
well as there is no elongation/strain developed. Therefore, a Rigid Diaphragm action shall be
assumed in the ETABS analysis so that the transfer of load to frames and shear walls is facilitated
depending on their flexibility and their location in the structure. All nodes within the diaphragm
extents shall be tied together in the model to the centre of rigidity of the system with infinite in-
plane stiffness. This facility is available in ETABS modelling.

Composite Columns & Beams, slabs:

The design of Composite Columns & beam is being done using AISC standards. Again, in-house
developed spread sheets may be used for special designs. For slabs specialized software of deck
sheet manufacturers shall be used.
Superstructure (For RCC structures i.e., other than Hospital Blocks):
The frame is designed for applicable vertical and lateral loads. The considerations for the design of
RCC structure include Structural safety and stability, meeting the demands of aesthetics conceived by
the Architect, considerations on availability of material, equipment and expertise, durability,
constructability and ease of maintenance.
The buildings are analysed as RCC structure using ETABS software for considering the relevant
Indian Standard Codes. Applicable Dead, Live, Wind and Seismic Loads along with appropriate load
combinations have been considered. Software like ETABS and SAFE shall be used for analysis and
design. Since the location is seismic zone-V, All structural members should conform to provisions
laid in IS 1893 & 13920.The design of RCC columns, beam & slabs will be done using IS456-2000, IS
1893-2016 & SP-16.
Foundations:

12

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

Foundation are designed accordance to IS:456. The foundation for the proposed building shall be
isolated footing/combined footing. The foundation is designed by considering max allowable gross
bearing pressure as per soil investigation report. Analysis and design of raft/combined foundation is
done by using SAFE software and design of isolated footing, retaining wall base to be prepared in
excel sheet and provided in pdf format. Wherever foundations are going very deep in soil and the
column height up to plinth beam become excessive, a system of tie-beams is introduced
intermittently to control columns slenderness. Serviceability loads combinations with suitable live
load reduction factor as per IS: 875 (Part-2) will be used for foundation design.

Retaining Walls:
The retaining walls are analysed using STAAD software and designed using in-house developed
spread sheets, with PDF submissions.
Connection Design & Detailing (valid for Composite steel structure):
Design and detailing for connections, joints and fasteners is done in line with Section 12 of IS 800‐
2007 and other AISC/ Euro standards as those are more suitable for composite construction.

Stability:
Stability of structure against overturning and sliding as per Clause 20.0 of IS: 456 is followed in the
design and listed as below.

 Factor of safety against overturning:

 Restoring moment shall not be less than 1.2 times the maximum overturning
moment due to the characteristic dead load and 1.4 times the maximum
overturning moment due to the characteristic imposed loads.

 Factor of safety against sliding: 1.4

 In both the above cases, 0.9 times of characteristic dead load only to be
considered in the design.

 The free-standing steel structure column of height equivalent to four stories shall be considered
for design, so that all stages of erection, construction as well as composite stage considerations
are satisfied.

6. LOAD COMBINATIONS:
Load combinations considered for design of super structures are as follow: -
 1.5(D. L+ Reduced L.L)
 1.5(D. L± Eqx ± 0.3Eqz)
 1.5(D. L ± Eqy ± 0.3Eqz
 1.2(D. L+K1*L. L± Eqx ± 0.3Eqz)
13

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

 1.2 (D. L+K1*L. L± Eqy ± 0.3Eqz)

 0.9(D. L± 1.5(± Eqx ± 0.3Eqz))
 0.9(D. L± 1.5 (± Eqy ± 0.3Eqz))
 1.5(D. L± Wind in X-direction)
 1.5(D. L± Wind in Z-direction)
 1.2(D. L+ k1*L. L ± Wind in X-direction)
 1.2(D. L+ k1*L. L ± Wind in Z-direction)
 0.9(D. L) ± 1.5WindinX-direction
 0.9(D. L) ± 1.5WindinZ-direction

Symbols:
 D.L–Dead loads
 L.L- Live loads
 E.Q– Earthquake loads Symbols:
 E.Q– Earth quake loads K1 - 0.5 for live load class 400Kg/m2 & 0.25 for live load class 200kg/m2

Following Load combinations for Snow load shall be considered:

    
 D.L. + S.L.
 D.L. + S.L.+ W.L.
 D.L. + S.L.+ E.Q.
 D.L. + S.L.+ T.L.
 D.L. + S.L.+ W.L. + T.L.
 D.L. + S.L.+ E.Q. + T.L.

Additional Symbols:
 D.L– Dead loads
 SL- Live (Snow) loads
 E.Q– Earthquake loads
 W.L- wind Loads
 T.L.- Temperature Load

Load combinations considered for design of foundation are as follows: -

 1.0(D. L+ Reduced L.L) asper Fig.1of IS: 875–1987(Part-2)
 1.0(D. L± E.Q in X-direction)
 1.0(D. L± E.Q in Z-direction)
 1.0(D. L+ k1*L. L±E.Q in X-direction)
 1.0(D. L+ k1*L. L±E.Q in Z-direction)
 1.0(D. L± E.Q in X-direction)
 1.0(D. L± E.Q in Z-direction)
 1.0(D. L+ k1*L. L±E.Q in X-direction)
 1.0(D. L+ k1*L. L±E.Q in Z-direction)

14

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report

 Construction of AIIMS AWANTIPORA, Kashmir
Design Basis Report

Serviceability Requirement
This is given with following limitations:
 For Vertical deflections (Total load deflections) =Span/240 for Serviceability.
 Lateral displacement of Structure=Height/ 500.
 for Cracking- For water retaining structure=Cracked section, limiting crack width to 0.2mm

7. CONCRETE COVER
 Concrete Clear Cover to All Reinforcement Including Links (As per Clause26.4 of IS: 456- 2000)
 Column: 40 mm
 Beams continuous: 30 mm
 Beams simply supported: 40 mm
 Slabs: 30 mm
 Foundation: 50 mm
 Retaining wall: 40mm (earth face): 25mm (inside face)
 Water Tank wall: 30mm

8. FIRE RATING
All columns & beams shall be provided as per stipulations of Type-2 construction with 50 years of
design life and fire rating shall be in line with NBC 2016 stipulations as below:
 Columns – 4hrs
 Beams - 2 hrs
 slabs- 2 hrs

No primer/ paint is to be done on the fabricated structure so as to achieve bonding of steel surface
with concrete in columns and for beams based on the ‘fire rating’ suitable vermiculite/ Intumescent
coatings shall be used.

15

STRUCTURE: Design Basis Report