Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

Part 2

(a)

You have to determine the support reactions (R1 and R2) of the given beam carrying a
concentrated load and a uniformly distributed load shown in figure.

0.73m 85 Kg

5.3 Kg/m 0.73m

A B

2.5 m

R1 R2
Figure 1.1, Loads on a beam

Given Data: Concentrated Load = 85 kg

Distributed Load = 5.3 kg/m

Beam length = 2.5 m

Find: Reactions, R1 & R2

Analysis: Taking moment about point A,

0.73 m
Clockwise moment = (85kg) (1.77) + (5.3 kg/m) (2) ( ¿
2

= 154.319 kgm

Anti-clockwise moment = R2 × 2.5m

Clockwise moment = Anti-clock wise moment

154.31 = R2 × 2.5m

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

R2 = 61.72 kg

For equilibrium,

∑ upward forces=∑ downward forces

R1 + R2 = (85 kg) + (5.3 kg/m × 0.73m)

R1 = (85 kg) + (5.3 kg/m × 0.73m) –R2

R1 = (85 kg) + (5.3 kg/m × 0.73m) – 60.74kg

R1 = 28.13 kg

Reaction at point A, R1 = 28.13 (9.81)

= 275.96 N

Reaction at point B, R2 = 61.72 (9.81)

= 605.47 N

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

(b)

A boat floats with one third of its volume submerged. When a box with 630N weight gets into
the boat, the boat displaced 38.5% volume of boat. By using Archimedes’ principle, determine
the buoyant forces for initial and final condition.

Solution,

Given: Weight of the box = 630N

The volume displaced by the boat = 38.5%

Find: The buoyant forces for initial and final condition.

Analysis:

−V
Difference in displaced volume, ∆v = 0.385
3

∆v = 0.051 v

Difference in weight, ∆w = 630 N

(∆ w ¿ = (∆m) g

630 = ρ (∆v) g

630 = (1000) (0.051v) (9.81)

630
v=
(1000)(0.051)(9.81)

v = 1.259 m3

By Archimedes’ principle,

Buoyant force = Weight displaced water by boat

For initial condition,

Fb=

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

(c)Explain the change within a given silver block when exposed to temperature variations. (Initial
temperature 35℃ and Final temperature 150℃)

20cm 20cm

15cm

Figure (2), the silver block

Given; The dimensions of the silver block, length = 20 cm, wide = 20cm, height = 15 cm.
Find; To explain the change within a given silver block.

Solution;

For linear expansion,

∆L
α=
L. ∆ T

∆L
= α.∆T
L

∆L = L. α.∆T

Similarly, ∆W = W. α.∆T

∆H = H. α.∆T

For Silver, α l = 19.3 m/m K = 0.0193 cm/cm K

∆W = W. α.∆T = (20) (0.0193) (115) = 44.39 cm

∆H = H. α.∆T = (15) (0.0193) (115) = 33.29 cm

∆L = L. α.∆T = (20) (0.0193) (115) =44.39 cm

Original Original Original Change in Change in Change in

Length Width Height length width height
20 cm 20 cm 15 cm 44.39cm 44.39cm 33.29cm

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

Final length, L’ = L + ∆L = 20 + 44.39 = 64.39 cm

Final width, W’ = W + ∆W = 20 + 44.39 = 64.39 cm

Final height, H’ = H + ∆H = 15 + 33.29 = 48.29 cm

Initial volume, V = L×W×H = (20) (20) (15) = 6000 cm3 = 6m3

Final volume, V’ = L’×W’×H’ = (64.39) (64.39) (48.29) = 200213.8 cm3 = 200m3

v ' −v
% increase in volume = × 100%
v

200−6
= × 100%
6

194
= × 100%
6

= 3233.3 m3

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

Part 2(d)

There are two blocks having mass 53 Kg and 37 Kg which are connected by a string and are
move along two rough surfaces shown in figure. Applied force of 563 N is exerted to the heavier
block.

By applying D’Alembert’s principle with free body diagrams, determine the friction forces of the
blocks and tension of the string between two blocks neglecting pulley friction. (Take coefficient
of friction for each block=0.2)

750N

18° 20°

Figure (3), the diagram of the two blocks connected by a string

Given: Mass of the small block = 53 Kg

Mass of the heavier block = 37 Kg

Applied force exerted to the heavier load = 563 N

The coefficient of the friction for each block = 0.2

Find: The friction force of the blocks and the tension of the string between blocks.

Solution:

For friction force in heavier mass, W1sinθ

W1cosθ

F1

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

R1 = W1cosθ

R1 = m1g cosθ

R1 = 53 × 9.81× cos 32°

R1 = 519.93 × cos 32°

R1 = 440.9 N

F1 = μR

= 0.2 × 440.9

= 88.18 N

By D’ Alembert’s principle,

P+W1sinθ – T – F1 = m1a

563 + (m1g sin θ) – T – F1 = m1a

563 + (53×9.81 sin 32°) – T – 88.18 = m1a

563+275.52−T −88.18
=a
m1

750.34−T
= a (equation 1)
53

For friction force in smaller mass,

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

F2

R2

Figure (5), the diagram of the smaller mass

∑ Fy = 0
R2 – W2cosθ = 0

R2 = W2cosθ

R2 = m2g cos θ

R2 = 37 × 9.81× cos 35°

R2 = 362.97 × cos 35°

R2 = 297.32 N

F2 = μR

= 0.2 × 297.32 N

= 59.46 N

By D’ Alembert’s principle,

P+W2sinθ – T – F2 = m2a

563 + (m2g sin θ) – T – F2 = m2a

563 + (37×9.81 sin 35°) – T – 59.46 = m2a

563+208.19−T −59.46
=a
m2

711.73−T
= a (equation 2)
42
By equation 1 = 2,

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

750.34−T 711.73−T
=¿
53 42

750.34−T 711.73−T
- =0
53 42

T = 2.79 N

Part 3,

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

(a) You have to describe the structural properties of steel and leather with reference to their
material properties.
(b) You have to explain the types of degradation found in bronze and wood.
(c) You have to review elastic, electrical and magnetic hysteresis in chromium.
(d) Compare and contrast theoretical material properties of metal and non-metallic materials
compared with values obtained through destructive and non-destructive test methods.

For (a)

The structural properties of steel and leather with reference to their material properties.

The structural properties of steel

The structural properties of leather

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

For (b)

The types of degradation found in bronze and wood

Degradation found in bronze

Degradation found in wood

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

For (c)

To review elastic, electrical and magnetic hysteresis in chromium.

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Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

For (d)

To compare and contrast theoretical material properties of metal and non-metallic materials
compared with values obtained through destructive and non-destructive test methods,

Year 1 Semester 1 Page 13

Mg Kyaw Zaw Naing KE78939 Unit 2 Engineering science

Year 1 Semester 1 Page 14