English Vocabulary PDF For Competitive Exams PDF

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10000 English Vocabulary pdf for

competitive exams
February 2019 – Editorial Vocabulary

Editorial 01 – 02 – 2019
1) Convene (Verb) -- बुलवाना
Meaning: Come or bring together for a meeting
or activity; assemble.
Synonyms: Summon, Call.
Antonyms: Disperse
Usage: Meghalaya’s Conrad Sangma, who runs a
coalition government which includes the BJP,
convened the meeting in Guwahati, the region’s
political hub, challenging the BJP on its own turf.
2) Placate (Verb) -- तसलली दे ना
Meaning: Make (someone) less angry or hostile.
Synonyms: Pacify, Calm, Calm Down, Appease,
Mollify, Soothe
Antonyms: Provoke, Anger
Usage: Britain veers to a hard Brexit as Prime
Minister May continues to placate Tory
hardliners.
3) Recede (Verb) -- पीछे हटना
Meaning: Go or move back or further away from
a previous position.
Synonyms: Retreat, Go back, Withdraw.
Antonyms: Advance, Approach
Usage: The prospects for Britain’s orderly
withdrawal from the European Union on March 29
have receded further, even as MPs rallied to stop
a no-deal scenario.
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4) Disburse (Verb) – चुकाना

Meaning: Pay out (money from a fund).
Synonyms: Spend, Expend
Antonyms: Claim
Usage: Just a day after a ₹300-crore loan was
disbursed to Videocon International Electronics
in 2009, Mr. Kochhar’s Nupower Renewable
received ₹64 crore from the Videocon group.
5) Inadvertent (Adjective) -- असावधान
Meaning: Not resulting from or achieved through
deliberate planning.
Synonyms: Unintentional, Unintended,
Accidental, Unpremeditated
Antonyms: Deliberate, Intentional
Usage: India must be alert as there is a possibility
of emerging disruptive technologies prompting
inadvertent conflict.
6) Lacklustre (Adjective) – आभाव
Meaning: Lacking in vitality, force, or conviction;
uninspired or uninspiring.
Antonyms: Inspired, Brilliant
Usage: This rather lacklustre response to major
‘futuristic’ challenges to our national security
raises a larger question: is India adequately
Synonyms: Uninspired, Uninspiring, and
Unimaginative
February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary
prepared for the new age wars in general or is it

still preparing for the last war it fought, and won?
7) Disruptive (Adjective) -- ि वघटनकारी
Meaning: Causing or tending to cause disruption.
Synonyms: Innovative, Inventive, Ingenious,
Original
Antonyms: Unimaginative, Conservative
Usage: The arrival of these technologies might
deeply frustrate strategic stability as we know it
given their disruptive nature.
8) Glide (Verb) -- �फसलना
Meaning: Move with a smooth, quiet continuous
motion.
Synonyms: Slide, Slip, Float and Drift
Antonyms: Hurtle
Usage: Once accuracies get better, hypersonic
glide vehicles replace conventional delivery
systems.
9) Succinct (Adjective) -- संि क�
Meaning: (Especially of something written or
spoken) briefly and clearly expressed.
Synonyms: Concise, Short, Brief, Compact,
Condensed, Crisp
Antonyms: Lengthy, Long-winded, Verbose

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Usage: In a January 2018 article, the Economist

put it succinctly: “Disruptive new technologies,
worsening relations between Russia and America
and a less cautious Russian leadership than in the
cold war have raised fears that a new era of
strategic instability may be approaching.”
10) Surreptitious (Noun) – गु�
Meaning: Kept secret, especially because it would
not be approved of.
Synonyms: Secret, Stealthy, Clandestine,
Secretive, Sneaky
Antonyms: Blatant, Open, Honest
Usage: Low wages were supplemented by
surreptitious payments from tradesmen.
Editorial 02 – 02 – 2019
1) Sops (Noun)
Meaning: A thing of no great value given or done
as a concession to appease someone whose main
concerns or demands are not being met.
Synonyms: drench, drown, soak, sodden
Antonyms: dehumidify, Desiccate, Dry, Parch,
Sear
Usage: The interim budget casts away established
conventions and targets votes with sops.
2) Expedient (Adjective)
Meaning: (of an action) convenient and practical
although possibly improper or immoral.
Synonyms: Convenient, Advantageous,
Antonyms: Inexpedient, Ill-advised
Usage: As election-eve budgets go, Interim
Budget 2019-20 must rank as one of the most
politically expedient ones this country has seen.
3) Distress (Noun)
Meaning: Extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain.
Synonyms: Anguish, Suffering, Pain, Agony
Antonyms: Happiness, Comfort
Usage: But there is no denying that a lot of
thought has gone into identifying and targeting the
sections of population across social segments that
are in distress and unhappy with the Centre for a
variety of reasons.
5) Concession (Noun)
Meaning: The action of conceding or granting
something.
Synonyms: Admission, Acknowledgement,
Acceptance, Recognition
Antonyms: Denial, Retention, Acquisition
Usage: There are income tax concessions for the
middle class that have been carefully framed to
target the lower rung.
6) Spur
Meaning: A device with a small spike or a spiked

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wheel that is worn on a rider's heel and used for

urging a horse forward.
Synonyms: Stimulus, Incentive,
Encouragement, Stimulant,
Antonyms: Disincentive, Discouragement
Usage: The estimated slippage of 0.10 percentage
point is not significant if we assume that the
concessions will spur spending by the
beneficiaries.
7) Condemnation (Noun)
Meaning: The expression of very strong
disapproval; censure.
Synonyms: Censure, Criticism
Antonyms: Praise, Plaudits
Usage: Zimbabwe’s defence forces have come
under severe condemnation for the general
crackdown, involving arbitrary detentions, torture
and a country-wide Internet blackout.
8) Vicious (Adjective)
Meaning: Deliberately cruel or violent.
Synonyms: Brutal, Ferocious, Savage, Violent,
Dangerous
Antonyms: Gentle, Kindly, Benevolent
Usage: The electronic alternative, “bond notes”
that were introduced without physical backing,
unleashed a vicious cycle of hoarding and price
inflation.
9) Curtail (Verb)
Meaning: Reduce in extent or quantity; impose a
restriction on.
Synonyms: Reduce, Cut, Drop
Antonyms: Increase, Lengthen
Usage: Many businesses have folded up for want
of adequate foreign currency. Mr. Mnangagwa’s
government has moved to reduce the issue of
electronic debt, and to curtail the ballooning
fiscal deficit.
10) Entice (Verb)
Meaning: Attract or tempt by offering pleasure
or advantage.
Synonyms: Tempt, Allure, Lure, Attract
Usage: While these may be steps in the right
direction, they are too small as incentives to
entice a deeply sceptical investor community that
was once turned away.
Editorial 04 – 02 – 2019
1) Retrograde (Adjective) -- पूवर� ापी
Meaning: Directed or moving backwards
Synonyms: Backward, Backwards, Reverse,
Rearward
Antonyms: Forward
Usage: The Donald Trump administration’s

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decision to withdraw from the Intermediate

Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty with Russia is
a retrograde step.
2) Covert (Adjective) -- �चछ�
Antonyms: Overt, Above board
Usage: Russia appears to have been covertly
violating it in letter and spirit.
3) Retaliatory (Adjective) -- �ि तकार का
Meaning: Not openly acknowledged or
displayed.
Synonyms: Secret, Furtive, Clandestine,
Surreptitious
Meaning: (of an action) characterized by a desire

for revenge.
Synonyms: Payba
Antonyms: Clemency, Grace, Leniency
Usage: The U.S. response cannot be regarded as
purely retaliatory
5) Scupper (Verb)
Meaning: Sink (a ship or its crew) deliberately.
Synonyms: Sink, Scuttle, Submerge,
Antonyms: Float, Raise
Usage: Mr. Trump, who
agreement with Iran, has hinted he would refuse
to abide by a treaty that other parties were
disregarding.
6) Herald (Verb)
Meaning: Be a sign that (something) is about to
happen.
Synonyms: Signal, Indicate, Announce,
Usage: At the heart of this worrisome echo of the
Cold War years is the changing balance of power
in global nuclear politics
rise as a regional hegemon.
7) Steam (Verb)
Meaning: Come, go, or
or in a forceful way.
Synonyms: Run, Sprint, Race, Dart, Rush, Dash,
: In 2018, the U.S. Nuclear Posture Review
steaming forward with
missile arsenal.
: Accumulate a large stock of (goods or
Amass, Accumulate, Hoard, Cache,
: Cast, Discard, Ditch, Dump
politics also requires that
red into strategic
discussions on the INF, particularly because it is
Europe that is most immediately threatened by
-- समझाने या ि हसाब
: Unable to be explained or accounted
Unaccountable, Unexplainable,
inexplicable reason her mind

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-- ि वनाशकारी
: Causing great damage.
Catastrophic, Calamitous,
ck, Reprisal, Requital

.
-- तबाह करना
scuppered the nuclear
-- सचू ना दे ना
heralded by China’s
– आगे बढ़ना
move somewhere rapidly
Antonyms: Dawdle
Usagenoted that Beijing was the expansion of its cruise-8) Stockpile (Noun) -- संचय
Meaningmaterials).
Synonyms: Collect, Gather
AntonymsUsage: Shifting geo-European concerns be factothe Russian stockpile.
9) Inexplicable (Adjective) करने म� असमथर
Meaningfor.
Synonyms: Incomprehensible
Antonyms: Understandable
Usage: For some went completely blank.
10) Disastrous (Adjective) MeaningSynonyms: Cataclysmic
Antonyms: Fortunate, Successful, Beneficial

Usage: A disastrous fire swept through the
museum.
Editorial 05 – 02 – 2019
1) Afoul (Adjective) – जोि खम� या उलझने
Meaning: Into conflict or difficulty with.
Synonyms: Fouled, Tangled
Usage: Students should be made aware of the
risks of falling afoul of U.S. immigration laws.
2) Diligence (Noun) -- लगन
Meaning: Careful and persistent work or effort.
Synonyms: Conscientiousness, Assiduousness,
Assiduity
Antonyms: Laziness, Carelessness
Usage: Few party members challenge his
diligence as an MP.
3) Unscrupulous (Adjective) – बेशरम,बेईमान
Meaning: Having or showing no moral
principles, not honest or fair.
Synonyms: Unprincipled, Unethical, Immoral,
Amoral
Antonyms: Ethical, Honest
Usage: Unscrupulous landlords might be
tempted to harass existing tenants.
4) Clamour (Noun) -- कोलाहल
Meaning: A loud and confused noise, especially
that of people shouting.

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Synonyms: Uproar, Tumult, Babel

Antonyms: Silence
Usage: Over a decade after nine serial bombs
ripped through four towns, the clamour for the
death penalty to be awarded to the perpetrators
had put the State on alert.
5) Faction (Noun) – गुट या दल
Meaning: Dissension within an organization.
Synonyms: Infighting, Dissension, Dissent,
Dispute,
Antonyms: Harmony
Usage: Most of the convicts belong to a faction
of the National Democratic Front of Boroland, of
which Daimary is the chairman.
6) Espouse (Verb) -- अपनाना या सहारा दे ना
Meaning: Adopt or support (a cause, belief, or
way of life).
Synonyms: Adopt, Embrace,
Antonyms: Reject, Oppose
Usage: These groups and their predecessors,
many of which have given up arms and joined the
formal political process, espouse causes ranging
from secession to a Bodoland State carved out of
Assam.
7) Hamstrung (Verb) – पंगु होना

Meaning: Severely restrict the efficiency or
effectiveness of.
Synonyms: Handicap, Constrain, Restrict,
Cripple
Antonyms: Help
Usage: The Bodo case for statehood is also
hamstrung by the fact that non-Bodos account
for nearly 70% of the population in the Bodoland
Territorial Area Districts that will comprise the
core of such a State.
8) Ebb (Verb) – कम होना, पतन होना
Meaning: (of an emotion or quality) gradually
decrease.
Synonyms: Diminish, Dwindle, Wane
Antonyms: Increase, Intensify, Intensification
Usage: The violent phase peaked in the late
1980s and early 1990s, but ebbed with the
creation of the Bodoland Territorial Council in
2003.
9) Convulsion (Noun) – उथल – पुथल
Meaning: A violent social or political upheaval.
Synonyms: Upheaval, Eruption, Turmoil,
Turbulence
Usage: While NDFB(R) supporters chanted
slogans demanding Bodoland to protest against
the judicial order, a death sentence for Daimary

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could have sparked wider convulsions, and

pushed some of the fringe groups back into
militancy, creating a 1990s redux.
10) Agnostic (Noun) -- अजेयवाद का अनुयायी
Meaning: A person who believes that nothing is
known or can be known of the existence or nature
of God.
Synonyms: Sceptic, Doubter, Questioner
Antonyms: Believer, Theist
Usage: Along with ideologically agnostic
partnerships with the State government in Dispur,
this is the way forward for now.
Editorial 06 – 02 – 2019
1) Defuse (Verb) -- को शांत करना
Meaning: Make (a situation) less tense or
dangerous.
Synonyms: Reduce, Lessen, Diminish, Lighten
Antonyms: Heighten, Intensify
Usage: The Supreme Court has defused the
situation, but concerns remain over stand-off in
Kolkata.
2) Belligerence (Noun) -- आ� ामक �वहार
Meaning: Aggressive or warlike behaviour.
Synonyms: Aggression, Aggressiveness and
Assaultiveness
Antonyms: Antiaggression, Anti-imperialism
and Antimilitarism
Usage: In the polarised political atmosphere, her
belligerence expectedly secured the backing of a
large number of Opposition parties, and even had

the Congress rally around her during an
impromptu sit-in protest.
3) Impromptu (Adjective) -- योजनाब� या
पवू ारभयास �कए ि बना
Meaning: Done without being planned or
rehearsed.
Synonyms: Unrehearsed, Unprepared,
Unscripted and Extempore
Antonyms: Prepared, Rehearsed
Usage: An impromptu press conference
4) Obstruct (Verb) – बाधा डालना
Meaning: Block (an opening, path, road, etc.); be
or get in the way of.
Synonyms: Impede, Hinder
Antonyms: Facilitate, Help, Further
Usage: However, in attempting to obstruct the
CBI action in a court-ordered investigation, Ms.
Banerjee once again demonstrated that she is
prone to taking arguments over administrative
procedures to the streets.

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5) Burnish (Verb) – चमकाना

Meaning: Polish (something, especially metal)
by rubbing.
Synonyms: Shine, Brighten
Antonyms: Dull
Usage: A decade ago, she burnished her
credentials as the Opposition leader who would
dethrone the Left Front combine in West Bengal
with her agitation over the Singur land
acquisition.
6) Sordid (Adjective) -- ि घनौना
Meaning: Involving immoral or dishonorable
actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and
contempt.
Synonyms: Sleazy, Seedy, Seamy, Unsavoury,
Antonyms: High-minded, Respectable
Usage: This is the latest installment in the rather
sordid story of institutional decay in India,
overseen by the leaders of the Bharatiya Janata
Party (BJP).
7) Tame (Adjective) – सहयाग दे ना
Meaning: (of a person) willing to cooperate.
Synonyms: Docile, Submissive, Compliant and
Meek
Antonyms: Independent, Uncooperative
Usage: The government tried to tame
bureaucrats as well as the highest court in the
land.
8) Dubious (Adjective) -- संदेहातमक
Meaning: Hesitating or doubting.
Synonyms: Doubtful, Uncertain, Unsure,
Antonyms: Certain, Definite
Usage: The BJP government has, however,

earned the dubious distinction of sabotaging the
autonomy of several political institutions in rapid
succession.
9) Intricate (Adjective) -- ज�टल
Meaning: Very complicated or detailed.
Synonyms: Complex, Complicated, Convoluted,
Tangled
Antonyms: Simple, Straightforward
Usage: This makes for good political sense when
we remember that most human activity is
structured by systems of rules — take the intricate
and rule-bound game of chess or cricket.
10) Fickle (Adjective) -- िअसथर
Meaning: Changing frequently, especially as
regards one's loyalties or affections.
Synonyms: Capricious, Changeable, Variable
and Volatile

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Antonyms: Constant, Stable

Usage: Without institutions and rules our life
would be chancy, unpredictable and fickle.
Editorial 07 – 02 – 2019
1) Abjure (Verb) -- शपथपूवरक तयागना
Meaning: Solemnly renounce (a belief, cause, or
claim).
Synonyms: Renounce, Relinquish, Reject,
Antonyms: Acknowledge, Admit, Affirm
Usage: The Taliban has not abjured violence, or
sworn allegiance to the Afghan constitution before
joining talks.
2) Adjunct (Verb) – अनप ु रू क या सहायक
Meaning: A thing added to something else as a
supplementary rather than an essential part.
Synonyms: Supplement, Addition,
Accompaniment
Usage: Computer technology is an adjunct to
learning.
3) Unequivocal (Adjective) – असं�दगध या सप�
Meaning: Leaving no doubt; unambiguous.
Synonyms: Unambiguous, Unmistakable,
Indisputable,
Antonyms: Equivocal, Ambiguous, Vague
Usage: The Taliban has unequivocally
renounced ties with al-Qaeda and the Islamic
State, and committed to preventing Afghan soil
from being used by foreign terrorists.
4) Appeasement (Noun) -- तु� ीकरण
Meaning: The action or process of appeasing.
Synonyms: Conciliation, Placation, Pacification,
Propitiation
Antonyms: Provocation, Aggression
Usage: The charge stems from a lineage of
propaganda invented by the Bharatiya Janata
Party (BJP), which holds the Congress guilty of
the cynical politics of Muslim appeasement.
6) Superfluity (Noun) -- िआधकय

Meaning: An unnecessarily or excessively large
amount or number of something.
Synonyms: Surplus, Excess, Overabundance
Antonyms: Lack, Shortage
Usage: Minority representation was discussed at
length and set aside as a superfluity.
7) Incipient (Adjective) -- उतप� होनेवाला
Meaning: Beginning to happen or develop.
Synonyms: Rowing, Emerging, Emergent,
Dawning;
Antonyms: Full-blown
Usage: In the real world of dislocation and

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trauma, Partition witnessed a number of local

vigilante efforts to inscribe a narrower identity
on the incipient nation.
8) Hegemony -- नेतत ृ व
Meaning: Leadership or dominance, especially
by one state or social group over others.
Synonyms: Leadership, Dominance, Dominion,
Supremacy
Antonyms: Self-government
Usage: Germany was united under Prussian
hegemony after 1871.
9) Unfettered (Adjective) -- अ�ि तबंि धत
Meaning: Not confined or restricted.
Synonyms: Unrestrained, Unrestricted,
Unconstrained
Antonyms: Restricted, Fettered
Usage: The unfettered exercise of Article 25
rights in this sense puts the general will at risk of
being bent to a majoritarian assertion.
10) Recede (Verb) -- पीछे हटना
Meaning: Go or move back or further away from
a previous position.
Synonyms: Retreat, Withdraw
Antonyms: Advance, Approach
Usage: Nehru’s insistence on the reversal of these
intrusions gradually receded from the attention
span of governments at the State and local levels.
Editorial 12 – 02 – 2019
1) Incite (Verb) -- उकसाना
Meaning: Encourage or stir up (violent or
unlawful behaviour).
Synonyms: Encourage, Inflame, Stimulate,
Instigate, Provoke
Antonyms: Suppress, Dissuade, Deter
Usage: They conspired to incite riots.
2) Enamour (Verb) -- आनं�दत करना
Meaning: Be filled with love for.
Synonyms: In love with, Infatuated with,

Besotted with
Antonyms: Indifferent to
Usage: It is not difficult to see why Edward is
enamoured of her
3) Appetite (Noun) – भूख
Meaning: A strong desire or liking for
something.
Synonyms: Craving, Longing, Yearning,
Hankering,
Antonyms: Aversion
Usage: We live in a world where appetite for
news is incessant and the news cycle is very

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short.
4) Vicious (Adjective) -- शाि तर
Meaning: Deliberately cruel or violent.
Synonyms: Brutal, Ferocious, Savage, Violent
Antonyms: Gentle, Kindly, Benevolent
Usage: A vicious assault
5) Placate (Verb) -- तसलली दे ना
Meaning: Make (someone) less angry or hostile.
Synonyms: Pacify, Calm, Calm Down, Appease,
Mollify, Soothe
Antonyms: Provoke, Anger
Usage: Britain veers to a hard Brexit as Prime
Minister May continues to placate Tory
hardliners.
6) Estrangement (Noun) -- मनमुटाव
Meaning: The fact of no longer being on friendly
terms or part of a social group.
Synonyms: Alienation, Turning Away,
Antagonism, Antipathy, Disaffection,
Antonyms: Unity, Reconciliation
Usage: Equally important, the spectacular rise of
Hindutva or Hindu nationalism from the 1990s
has had a major psychological impact on a section
of Muslim youth, prompting their estrangement
from the national mainstream.
7) Macabre (Adjective) -- भयंकर
Meaning: Disturbing because concerned with or
causing a fear of death.
Synonyms: Gruesome, Grisly, Grim, Gory,
Morbid
Usage: The Hashimpura massacre in Uttar
Pradesh by members of the Provincial Armed
Constabulary in 1987 was the most macabre
example of such incidents.
8) Aberration (Noun) -- ि वपथन
Meaning: A departure from what is normal,
usual, or expected, typically an unwelcome one
Synonyms: Anomaly, Deviation, Divergence,
Abnormality
Antonyms: Mind, Saneness, Sanity

Usage: Until the 1990s the vast majority of
Indian Muslims treated such occurrences as
aberrations and their belief in the secular and
non-discriminatory character of the Indian state
remained unshaken.
9) Galling (Adjective) -- दख
ु द
Meaning: Causing annoyance or resentment;
annoying.
Antonyms: Pleasing
Usage: What was most galling was the Central

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government’s apathy in the face of this brazen act

of mob violence despite the fact that it had been
forewarned.
10) Alienation (Noun) -- अलगाव क� भावना
Meaning: The loss of friendship or affection
Synonyms: Disaffection, Disgruntlement,
Estrangement, Souring
Antonyms: Reconcilement, Reconciliation
Usage: After years of alienation from her
family, she became reconciled with them when
her father fell ill.
Editorial 13 – 02 – 2019
1) Thrive (Verb) – फलना या पनपना
Meaning: Prosperous and growing; flourishing.
Synonyms: Flourish, Prosper,
Antonyms: Decline, Wither, Fail, Stagnate
Usage: The death of more than 100 people to
toxic alcohol in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand
has exposed the thriving sale of illicit liquor in the
region.
2) Entrench (Verb) – सथाि पत करना
Meaning: Establish (an attitude, habit, or belief)
so firmly that change is very difficult or unlikely.
Synonyms: Establish, Settle, Ensconce, Lodge
Antonyms: Dislodge, Superficial
Usage: An entrenched resistance to change
3) Staggering (Adjective)
Meaning: Deeply shocking; Astonishing.
Synonyms: Astonish, Amaze, Nonplus, Startle,
Antonyms: Unimpressive, Uninspiring,
Unremarkable
Usage: It took this staggering number of
casualties for the authorities to acknowledge the
presence of free-flowing illicit liquor.
4) Conspiracy (Noun)
Meaning: A secret plan by a group to do
something unlawful or harmful.
Synonyms: plot, scheme, stratagem
Antonyms: Faithfulness, Honesty, Ignorance
Synonyms: Annoying, Irritating, Vexing,
Vexatiou
Usage: It has tried to put the blame for previous

incidents on political opponents hatching
conspiracies.
5) Dissent (Noun)
Meaning: The holding or expression of opinions
at variance with those commonly or officially held.
Synonyms: Disagreement, argument, dispute,
demur
Antonyms: Agreement, Acceptance
Usage: The Iranian regime must rethink its

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approach to dissent and personal freedoms

6) Defiant (Adjective)
Meaning: Showing defiance.
Synonyms: Intransigent, Resistant, Obstinate,
Uncooperative
Antonyms: Apologetic, Cooperative
Usage: The theocratic regime, established by
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini in 1979, struck a
defiant note by mobilising a huge rally in Tehran
and repeating its familiar anti-West rhetoric.
7) Elite (Noun)
Meaning: A select group that is superior in terms
of ability or qualities to the rest of a group or
society.
Synonyms: Best, Pick, Cream, Flower,
Nonpareil, Elect
Antonyms: Dregs
Usage: The Tehran elite hoped it would allow the
country to join the global economic and
diplomatic mainstream.
8) Bolster (Verb) -- सहारा दे ना या मजबूत करना
Meaning: Support or strengthen.
Synonyms: Strengthen, Support, Reinforce
Antonyms: Undermine
Usage: President Hassan Rouhani banked on
increased investments to bolster the economy.
9) Hostile (Adjective) -- श� ुतापूणर
Meaning: Showing or feeling opposition or
dislike; unfriendly.
Synonyms: Antagonistic, Aggressive,
Confrontational
Antonyms: Friendly, Mild
Usage: Tehran will have to deal with the U.S.’s
unilateral and hostile policies with help from
other countries.
10) Despotic (Adjective) -- ि नरं कु श
Meaning: of or typical of a despot; tyrannical.
Synonyms: Autocratic, Dictatorial, Totalitarian,
Authoritarian
Antonyms: Democratic, Accountable
Usage: It is also time for the government, which
is celebrating the anniversary of the fall of a
despotic monarch, to rethink its approach
towards dissent and personal freedoms.
Editorial 14 – 02 – 2019
1) Reconcile (Verb) -- मेल-ि मलाप कराना
Meaning: Restore friendly relations between.
Synonyms: Reunite
Antonyms: Estrange, Alienate
Usage: Unable to reconcile himself to the
failure to wrest Karnataka from the grip of the

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Congress in last year’s Assembly election, the BJP

strongman is adopting desperate measures to get
another shot at becoming Chief Minister.
2) Veracity (Noun) – सतयवा�दता या स� ाई
Meaning: Conformity to facts; accuracy.
Synonyms: Truthfulness, Truth, Accuracy
Antonyms: Falsity
Usage: The H.D. Kumaraswamy government has
now announced the appointment of a Special
Investigation Team (SIT) to go into the veracity
of an audio clip in which someone is heard
offering money and ministership to win the
support of a Janata Dal (Secular) MLA.
3) Dissident (Noun) – असंत� ु
Meaning: A person who opposes official policy,
especially that of an authoritarian state.
Synonyms: Dissenter, Objector, Protester,
Antonyms: Conformist
Usage: Another BJP leader, Shivanagouda
Nayak, was allegedly recorded as having said that
the Speaker of the House, K.R. Ramesh Kumar,
had been “booked” for ₹50 crore to rule
favourably on dissident legislators of the ruling
coalition.
4) Credence (Noun) – ि व� ास
Meaning: Belief in or acceptance of something as
true.
Synonyms: Acceptance, Belief, Faith, Trust,
Confidence
Usage: Accusations that the BJP was trying to
buy up dissidents in the Congress have now
gained credence.
5) Destabilize (Verb) – िअसथर करना
Meaning: Upset the stability of (a region or
system); cause unrest or instability in.
Synonyms: Undermine, Weaken, Impair,
Damage, Subvert
Antonyms: Strengthen, Shore up
Usage: The wiser course for the BJP would have
been to politically capitalise on the internal
contradictions of the coalition government rather
than resort to covert means to destabilise it.
6) Heinous (Adjective) -- जघनय
Meaning: (of a person or wrongful act, especially
a crime) utterly odious or wicked.
Synonyms: Odious, Wicked, Evil, Atrocious,
Monstrous
Antonyms: Admirable
Usage: In what heinous manner had the three

men waged war against the government, which
justified a sentence of life imprisonment?

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7) Coercion (Noun) -- अवपीड़न

Meaning: The action or practice of persuading
someone to do something by using force or
threats.
Synonyms: Force, Compulsion, Constraint,
Duress
Antonyms: Persuasion
Usage: The logic is simple: in a pluralist
democracy, no one set of ideas can set itself up as
the universal truth, and enforce its position
through coercion.
8) Incitement (Noun) -- भड़काव
Meaning: The action of provoking unlawful
behaviour or urging someone to behave
unlawfully.
Synonyms: Urging, Motivation, Persuasion,
Inducement
Antonyms: Suppression, Discouragement
Usage: The Indian Supreme Court’s
“incitement to violence” standard responds to
this basic insight about civil liberties in a
democracy.
9) Vilify (Verb) – बदनाम करना
Meaning: Speak or write about in an abusively
disparaging manner.
Synonyms: Disparage, Denigrate, Defame
Antonyms: Commend, Lionize
Usage: He has been vilified in the press.
10) Bizarre (Adjective) -- ब�त अजीब या असामानय
Meaning: very strange or unusual.
Synonyms: Strange, Peculiar, Odd, Funny,
Curious
Antonyms: Ordinary, Normal
Usage: A bizarre situation.
Editorial 16 – 02 – 2019
1) Vigorous (Noun) – जोरदार
Meaning: Strong, healthy, and full of energy
Synonyms: Robust, Healthy,
Antonyms: Frail, Weak
Usage: The report of the Comptroller and
Auditor-General of India tabled in Parliament
comes in the midst of a vigorous campaign.
2) Revelation (Noun) -- रहसयो� ाटन
Meaning: The making known of something that
was previously secret or unknown.
Synonyms: Divulgence, Telling, Disclosure
Antonyms: Keeping, Covering up
Usage: Revelations about his personal life
3) Rhetoric (Noun) -- अलंकार शा�

Meaning: Language that is impressive-sounding

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but not meaningful or sincere

Synonyms: Bombast, Fustian, Gas
Antonyms: Inarticulateness
Usage: The mayorʼs promise to fight drugs was
just rhetoric, since there was no money in the city
budget for a drug program
4) Disdain (Noun) -- ि तरसकार
Meaning: The feeling that someone or
something is unworthy of one's consideration or
respect.
Synonyms: Contempt, Scorn,
Antonyms: Admiration, Respect
Usage: In a pluralistic, multi-party federal
system, disdain for democratic conventions and
the violation of well-entrenched behavioural
patterns are causing irreversible damage to the
polity.
5) Persuasion (Noun) -- अनुनय
Meaning: The action or process of persuading
someone or of being persuaded to do or believe
something.
Synonyms: Coercion, Inducement, Convincing,
Blandishment
Antonyms: Fact, Truth
Usage: As Opposition parties of different
persuasions are beginning to stitch together a
motley coalition.
6) Motley (Adjective) – ि मम�त
Meaning: Incongruously varied in appearance or
character; disparate.
Synonyms: Miscellaneous, Disparate, Diverse,
Assorted
Antonyms: Homogeneous, Uniform
Usage: A motley crew of discontents and
zealots.
7) Authoritarian (Adjective) -- स� ावादी
Meaning: Favouring or enforcing strict
obedience to authority at the expense of personal
freedom.
Synonyms: Autocratic, Dictatorial, Totalitarian,
Despotic
Antonyms: Democratic, Liberal, Lenient,
Permissive
Usage: Across the world, democracy is in obvious
retreat, with authoritarian tendencies on the
ascendant.
8) Awry (Adjective) – टे ढ़ा
Meaning: Out of the normal or correct position;
askew.
Synonyms: Askew, Crooked, Lopsided, Uneven,
Asymmetrical,
Antonyms: Straight, Symmetrical
Usage: At the same time, there are enough
examples of democracy going awry. Brexit, and

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the Brexit debate, in the U.K. and Europe is a

good example.
9) Diatribe (Noun) -- िअभयोगातमक भाषण
Meaning: A long angry speech or scolding
Synonyms: Harangue, Jeremiad, Philippic,
Rant, Tirade
Antonyms: Encomium, Eulogy, Panegyric,
Rhapsody, Tribute
Usage: His diatribe against what he calls a
“ridiculous partisan” investigation against him is
an indication.
10) Vituperative (Adjective) -- �नदापूणर
Meaning: Bitter and abusive.
Synonyms: Abusive, Contumelious, Invective,
Opprobrious
Antonyms: Moderate, Temperate
Usage: Currently, we are witnessing
vituperative exchanges between the Prime
Minister and some Chief Ministers which involve
accusations such as fomenting riots and running
extortion rackets.
Editorial – 18-02-2019
1) Trivial (adjective) – तुचछ
Meaning: Of little value or importance.
Synonyms: Unimportant, insignificant,
inconsequential, minor
Antonyms: Big, consequential, eventful,
important, major, material.
Usage: "Huge fines were imposed for trivial
offences"
2) Exigencies (Noun) – मजबू�रय�
Meaning: An urgent need or demand.
Synonyms: Need, demand, requirement, want.
Antonyms: Ease, Easiness, ordinariness.
Usage: "Women worked long hours when the
exigencies of the family economy demanded it".
3) Strident (Adjective) – तेज़
Meaning: (of a sound) loud and harsh; grating.
Synonyms: ,Raucous, Rough, Grating, Rasping,
Jarring, Loud.
Antonyms: Soft, Dulcet.
Usage: "His voice had become increasingly
strident".
4) Engulfed (Verb) - ि घरा हुआ
Meaning: (of a natural force) sweep over
(something) so as to surround or cover it
completely.
Synonyms: Inundate, Flood, Deluge, Immerse,
Swamp
Antonyms: Deluge, Drown, Flood, Gulf, Inundate,
Overflow.

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Usage: "The cafe was engulfed in flames"

5) Panders (Verb) – बढ़ावा दे ना
Meaning: gratify or indulge (an immoral or

distasteful desire or taste or a person with such a
desire or taste).
Synonyms: Indulge, Gratify, Satisfy, Cater to, Give
in to
Antonyms: Anger, Annoy, Disappoint, Disturb
Usage: "Newspapers are pandering to people's
baser instincts"
6) Wobbly (Adjective) - �दखता जार�
Meaning: tending to move unsteadily from side to
side.
Synonyms: Unsteady, Unstable, Shaky, Rocky,
Rickety
Antonyms: Balanced, Certain, Confident
Usage: "The car had a wobbly wheel"
7) Acrimony (Noun) – रखापन
Meaning: Bitterness or ill feeling.
Synonyms: Bitterness, Rancour, Resentment, Ill
feeling, Ill will, Bad blood.
Antonyms: Good will, Love, Benevolence
Usage: "The AGM dissolved into acrimony".
8) Abide (Verb)- रहना
Meaning: Accept or act in accordance with (a rule,
decision, or recommendation).
Synonyms: Comply with, Obey, Observe, Follow,
Keep to.
Antonyms: Flout, Reject.
Usage: "I said I would abide by their decision"
9) Federalism (noun)- संघवाद
Meaning: the federal principle or system of
government.
Synonyms: Unionism, Unitarianism,
Republicanism
Antonyms: Antifederalism
Usage: "Idealists who were committed to
European federalism"
10) Inherent (Adjective) – ि न�हत
Meaning: Existing in something as a permanent,
essential, or characteristic attribute.
Synonyms: Intrinsic, Innate, Immanent, Built-In,
Inborn, Ingrained
Antonyms: Adventitious, Extraneous, Extrinsic
Usage: "Any form of mountaineering has its
inherent dangers"
Editorial 19 – 02 – 2019
1) Conflict (Noun) -- ि ववाद, झगड़ा
Definition: A serious disagreement or argument,
typically a protracted one.

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Antonyms: Agreement
Usage: This round of conflict between
Puducherry Chief Minister V. Narayanasamy and
Lt. Governor Kiran Bedi has been more serious
than those in the past.
Synonyms: Dispute, Quarrel, Squabble,
Disagreement
2) Stand-off (Noun)
Definition: A deadlock between two equally
matched opponents in a dispute or conflict.
Synonyms: Dea
Standstill
Usage: The trigger for the latest stand
to have been Ms. Bedi’s move to enforce the rule
for two-wheeler riders to wear helmets.
3) Enhance (Verb)
Definition: Intensify, increase, or further
improve the quality, value, or extent of.
Synonyms: Increase, Add to, Intensify, Magnify,
Amplify
Antonyms: Diminish, Mar
Usage: He lists the blocking of welfare schemes
such as the free rice scheme and
scholarship for Scheduled Caste students, among
other actions of the L
4) Prevail (Verb)
Definition: Prove more powerful or superior.
Synonyms: Conquer, Triumph, Win
Antonyms: Collapse, Fail, Flop
Usage: At the same time, any difference of
opinion between them can be referred to the
President, and in the meantime the
Administrator’s action
matter.
5) Hostile (Adjective)
: Showing or feeling opposition or
: Antagonistic, Aggressive,
G was cautioned against having a
attitude towards the Ministers.
टुकड़ा होना
: Break or cause to break into
: Broken, Busted, Fractured,
: Unbroken, Fixed, Healed, Mended
: The snap poll called for April 28 by
Spain’s minority Socialist Party government could
fragmented polity.
�चा�रत करना
: To hold up or serve as a foundation
: Bear, Bolster, Brace, Buttressy
: Balk, Bar, Block, Constrain
last June by Catalan
separatist parties, which were bound to turn into
: The quality of being honest and

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– गगतरोध
dlock, Stalemate, Impasse,
-off seems
-- बेहतर बनाना
enhanced
-G, as the real issues.
– �बल होना
prevails on any urgent
-- श� ुतापण ू र
Definitiondislike; unfriendly.
SynonymsConfrontational
Antonyms: Friendly, Mild
Usage: The L-hostile 6) Fragment (Verb) – Definitionfragments.
SynonymsShattered
AntonymsUsagedeepen the fissures in the 7) Prop (up) (Verb) – Definitionfor
SynonymsAntonymsUsage: It was propped up a liability for Mr. Sánchez.
8) Integrity (Noun) -- अखंडता
Definitionhaving strong moral principles.
Synonyms: Honesty, Uprightness, Probity,

Rectitude
Antonyms: Dishonesty
Usage: For the governing Socialist Party has, no
less than the conservative People’s Party,
consistently regarded the Catalonian demand for
separation as a violation of the integrity of the
Spanish union.
9) Secessionist (Noun) -- अलगाववा�द
Definition: a person who thinks that a nation,
state, etc., should separate from another and
become independent
Synonyms: Separationist, Separatist
Usage: Meanwhile, a recent government proposal
to appoint a rapporteur to negotiate with the
secessionists has been condemned as a betrayal
by the conservatives.
10) Status quo (Noun) – यथाि सगथत या वतरमान
ि सगथत
Definition: The existing state of affairs,
especially regarding social or political issues.
Synonyms: Normalcy, Normality
Antonyms: Irregularity, Uncommonness,
Unusualness
Usage: The entry of the extreme right Vox party
to the Andalusian legislature has unsettled that
status quo.
Editorial 20 – 02 – 2019
1) Strapped (Adjective) -- तंगी
Definition: Short of money.
Synonyms: Shortfall, scarcity, deficit, dept

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Antonyms: Surplus, Profit.

Usage: For a government strapped for finances
and struggling to meet the revised fiscal deficit
target of 3.4% of GDP, the RBI’s largesse will be
handy.
2) Stubborn (Adjective) -- �ज़��
Definition: Having or showing dogged
determination not to change one's attitude or
position on something, especially in spite of good
arguments or reasons to do so.
Synonyms: Obstinate, Mulish, Headstrong,
Wilful
Antonyms: Compliant, Docile
Usage: Custodial torture is global, old and
stubborn.
3) Numb (Adjective) -- सन ु न
Definition: (of a part of the body) deprived of
the power of physical sensation.
Synonyms: Desensitized, Insensible, Insensate,
Senseless
Antonyms: Sensitive, Responsive
Usage: Ancient Japanese methods of torture
numb the human imagination.
4) Pinnacle (Noun) -- ि शखर

Definition: The most successful point; the
culmination.
Synonyms: Peak, Height, Apex, Vertex, Zenith,
Apogee
Antonyms: Nadir, Trough
Usage: In Greece, the pinnacle of culture,
Socrates was in 399 BCE sentenced to death by
hemlock, which was known to act slowly,
incapacitating the person in stages, climbing from
the lower extremities limb by limb to the heart.
5) Scourge (Verb) -- चाबक ु से पीटना
Definition: Whip (someone) as a punishment.
Synonyms: Flog, Whip, Beat, Horsewhip, Lash
Antonyms: Ransomer, Redeemer, Vindicator
Usage: After being stripped and scourged, the
victim’s palms, known in anatomy to be among
the most sensitive of human limbs.
6) Ephemeral (Adjective) -- अलपकाि लक
Definition: Lasting for a very short time.
Synonyms: Transitory, Transient, Fleeting,
Passing.
Antonyms: Long-lived, Permanent
Usage: Fashions are ephemeral: new ones
regularly drive out the old.
7) Impunity (Noun) -- दणड म� ु �
Definition: Exemption from punishment or

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freedom from the injurious consequences of an

action.
Synonyms: Immunity, Indemnity
Antonyms: Liability, Responsibility
Usage: India has practised and continues to
practise the ‘third degree’ with impunity. Let
only him deny it who has cause to hide it.
8) Revulsion (Noun) – �व� ोह
Definition: Sense of disgust and loathing.
Synonyms: Disgust, Repulsion, Abhorrence,
Repugnance, Nausea
Antonyms: Delight, Liking
Usage: If torture is real, human revulsion with
torture is also real. And it has shape, definition. It
has scope.
9) Forbid (verb) -- व�जरत करना
Definition: Refuse to allow (something).
Synonyms: Prohibit, Ban, Outlaw,
Antonyms: Permit
Usage: More specifically, it “required states to
take effective measures to prevent torture and
forbade them from transporting people to any
country where there is reason to believe they will
be tortured (refoulement)”.
10) Subterfuge (Noun) -- छल

Definition: Deceit used in order to achieve one's
goal.
Synonyms: Trickery, Intrigue, Deviousness,
Evasion, Deceit,
Antonyms: Honesty, Openness
Usage: He had to use subterfuge and bluff on
many occasions.
Editorial 21 – 02 – 2019
1) Attune (Verb) -- �हणशील या जाग�क बनाना
Definition: Make receptive or aware.
Synonyms: Accustom, Adjust, Adapt,
Acclimatize
Antonyms: Confuse, Disarray, Disorder,
Disorganize
Usage: Attuned as we have become to political
grandstanding on the purpose of democracy, we
may not have imagined that something so prosaic
as statistics can alter our perception of how it is
actually working for us.
2) Prosaic (Adjective) -- ग� ातमक
Definition: Having or using the style or diction
of prose as opposed to poetry; lacking
imaginativeness or originality.
Synonyms: Unimaginative, Uninspired, Dull,
Dry, Humdrum, Mundane
Antonyms: Imaginative, Inspired

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Usage: Prosaic language can't convey the

experience
3) Swerve (Verb) – बहकना
Definition: To depart abruptly from a straight
line or course
Synonyms: Break, Cut, Sheer
Antonyms: Straighten
Usage: The government did not hesitate to
swerve from the path of rectitude to finance an
income support programme for farmers in an
election year.
4) Rectitude (Noun) – इंसाफ
Definition: Morally correct behaviour or
thinking; righteousness.
Synonyms: Righteousness, Goodness, Virtue
Antonyms: Infamy, Dishonesty
Usage: Mattie is a model of rectitude
5) Orchestrate (Verb) – �ववसथत करना
Definition: Plan or coordinate the elements of (a
situation) to produce a desired effect, especially
surreptitiously.
Synonyms: Organize, Arrange, Plan
Usage: Employment does not usually figure in
the public discourse orchestrated by political
parties, either at the Centre or in the States.
6) Alacrity (Noun) -- ततपरता

Definition: Brisk and cheerful readiness.
Synonyms: Eagerness, Willingness, Readiness
Antonyms: Apathy
Usage: The consequent loss of long-run output
for the economy, is the basis of the argument that
public policy must respond with alacrity to
growing unemployment.
7) Impervious (Adjective) -- अ�वेशय
Definition: Not allowing fluid to pass through.
Synonyms: Impermeable, Impenetrable,
Impregnable
Antonyms: Permeable
Usage: The economic, as opposed to the political,
message is that the recent history of
unemployment has been impervious to the
political formation governing India.
8) Incongruous (Adjective) -- बेमेल
Definition: Not in harmony or keeping with the
surroundings or other aspects of something.
Synonyms: Inappropriate, Unsuitable, Unsuited.
Antonyms: Appropriate, Harmonious
Usage: The duffel coat looked incongruous
with the black dress she wore underneath.
9) Testify (Verb) – �माि णत करना

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Definition: Serve as evidence or proof that

something exists or is the case.
Synonyms: Confirm, Evidence, Prove,
Corroborate, Substantiate
Antonyms: Belie
Usage: The bleak lines testify to inner torment
10) Conducive (Adjective) – अनुकू ल
Definition: Making a certain situation or
outcome likely or possible.
Synonyms: Good for, Helpful to, Instrumental in
Antonyms: Unfavourable
Usage: In a democracy, it is left to elected
representatives whether to pursue
macroeconomic policies conducive to the
generation of employment.
Editorial 23 – 02 – 2019
Definition: A loud and confused noise, especially
that of people shouting.
Synonyms: Din, Racket, Loud noise, Uproar,
Tumult and Babel
Antonyms: Silence
Usage: It is clear that in the clamour to send
Pakistan what it perceives to be the right message,
India has shot itself in the foot.
2) Dampener (Noun) -- हतोतसाि हत
Definition: A thing that has a restraining or

subduing effect.
Synonyms: Complainer, Grouch, Moaner and
Pessimist
Usage: The language on terrorism in the joint
statement was something of a dampener for
those who would have hoped there would be
stronger condemnation of the terror attack in
Pulwama.
3) Embrace (Verb) – सवागत और सवीकार करना
Definition: Accept (a belief, theory, or change)
willingly and enthusiastically.
Synonyms: Welcome and Accept
Antonyms: Reject
Usage: At the leadership level, Mr. Modi
extended more than a personal touch to the visit
by going to the airport and embracing the
Crown Prince on landing.
4) Bolster (Verb) – बढ़ने लगा
Definition: Support or strengthen.
Synonyms: Strengthen, Support, and Reinforce.
Antonyms: Undermine
Usage: The fall in interest rates is starting to
bolster confidence.

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5) Precarious (Adjective) -- िअनन�त

Definition: Not securely held or in position;
dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
Synonyms: Uncertain, Insecure, Unreliable, and
Unsure
Antonyms: Safe, Secure
Usage: He made a precarious living as a painter.
6) Claimant (Noun) -- दावेदार
Definition: A person making a claim, especially
in a lawsuit or for a state benefit.
Synonyms: Applicant, Candidate
Usage: Obviously, a claim in the context of the
above-mentioned Act is based on an assertion that
a claimant has been in possession of a certain
parcel of land located in the forest areas.
7) Negate (Noun) -- ि नषफल नकारना
Definition: Make ineffective; nullify.
Synonyms: Invalidate, Nullify
Antonyms: Confirm, Support, Validate
Usage: Alcohol negates the effects of the drug.
8) Vulnerable (Adjective) -- भे�
Definition: Exposed to the possibility of being
attacked or harmed, either physically or
emotionally.
Antonyms: Invulnerable, Resilient
Usage: We were in a vulnerable position.
Synonyms: Endangered, Unsafe, and
Unprotected
9) Tenable (Adjective) – �टकने योगय

Definition: Able to be maintained or defended
against attack or objection.
Synonyms: Defensible, Justifiable,
Antonyms: Indefensible, Untenable
Usage: Such a simplistic approach is no longer
tenable.
10) Pertain (Verb) – से समबंि धत
Definition: Be appropriate, related, or applicable
to.
Synonyms: Concern, Relate to, be Related to
Usage: Developments pertaining to the
economy.
Editorial 25 – 02 – 2019
1) Condemn (Verb) -- �नदा करना
Definition: Express complete disapproval of;
censure.
Synonyms: Censure, Criticize, Castigate, Attack
Antonyms: Praise, Commend
Usage: The global terror finance watchdog
condemned.

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2) Scrutiny (Noun) -- संवीका

Definition: Critical observation or examination.
Synonyms: Inspection, Survey, Scan, Study
Antonyms: Glance, Cursory look
Usage: A black-list would mean enhanced
financial scrutiny of its government, possible
sanctions against its central bank, and a
downgrade of its financial and credit institutions.
3) Weaponry (Noun) -- हहथयार
Definition: Weapons regarded collectively.
Synonyms: Ammunition, Arms, Defense
Usage: Terror entities do not travel out of the
country, or have access to funding or weaponry.
4) Repercussion (Noun) – प�रणाम या �ि त��या
Definition: An unintended consequence of an
event or action, especially an unwelcome one.
Synonyms: Consequence, Result, Effect
Antonyms: powerlessness, weakness
Usage: The world community must make it clear
to the Pakistan government the possible
international and financial repercussions of
ignoring the FATF’s timeline.
5) Affluent (Adjective) – सम� ृ या धनी
Definition: (especially of a group or area) having
a great deal of money; wealthy.
Synonyms: Wealthy, Rich, Prosperous, Opulent
Antonyms: Poor, Impoverished
Usage: The savings of low-income Indian
households have traditionally remained
unprotected by the government when compared
to those of the more affluent economic groups.
6) Promulgate (Verb) -- �खयापन करना

Definition: Promote or make widely known (an
idea or cause).
Synonyms: Publicize, Spread, Communicate,
Propagate
Antonyms: Conceal, Hush (up), Silence,
Suppress
Usage: President Ram Nath Kovind has
promulgated the Banning of Unregulated Deposit
Schemes Ordinance.
7) Miscreant (Noun) -- उप�ि वय�
Definition: A person who has done something
wrong or unlawful.
Antonyms: Innocent, Saint
Usage: These unregulated schemes have also
been misused by some miscreants.
8) Swindle (Verb) -- छलना
Definition: Use deception to deprive (someone)
of money or possessions.

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Synonyms: Defraud, Cheat, Trick, Fleece

Antonyms: Frankness, Honesty, Openness
Usage: Some miscreants to swindle the money
of depositors with the promise of unbelievably
high returns in a short period of time.
Definition: (of a person or wrongful act,
especially a crime) utterly odious or wicked.
Synonyms: Odious, Wicked, Evil, Atrocious
Antonyms: Admirable
Usage: The Saradha chit fund scam in West
Bengal is just one example of such a heinous
financial crime against depositors.
10) Cahoots (Noun) -- बराबर भाग� म�
Definition: Colluding or conspiring together
secretly.
Synonyms: Conniving, Collaborating
Antonyms: Divided, Separate, Uncoordinated
Usage: In fact, in the past there have been several
cases of politicians acting in cahoots with the
operators of fraudulent deposit schemes.
Editorial 26 – 02 – 2019
1) Dilemma (Noun) -- दिु वधा
Definition: A difficult situation or problem.
Synonyms: Quandary, Predicament, Difficulty
Antonyms: Breeze, Cinch, Duck soup, Snap
Usage: The insoluble dilemma of adolescence
2) Reconcile (Verb) -- मेल-ि मलाप कराना
Definition: Restore friendly relations between.
Synonyms: Reunite
Synonyms: Criminal, Culprit, Wrongdoer,
Malefactor,

Usage: The dilemma of reconciling inalienable
tribal rights with biodiversity conservation.
3) Inalienable (Adjective) -- अयोगय
Definition: Not subject to being taken away
from or given away by the possessor.
Synonyms: Inviolable, Absolute, Sacrosanct, and
Unchallengeable
Usage: The shareholders have the inalienable
right to dismiss directors
4) Envisage (Verb) -- प�रकलपना करना
Definition: Contemplate or conceive of as a
possibility or a desirable future event.
Synonyms: Foresee, Predict, Forecast, Foretell,
Antonyms: Disregard, Ignore
Usage: In the ideal scheme, as the Forest Rights
Act envisages, forested areas and their
biodiversity will be protected by communities,

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with individuals taking forest produce only for

sustenance and livelihood.
5) Opaque (adjective) -- अपारदश�
Definition: Not able to be seen through; not
transparent.
Synonyms: Non-Transparent, Cloudy, Filmy,
Blurred
Antonyms: Transparent, Translucent, Clear
Usage: Bottles filled with a pale opaque liquid.
6) Vigorous (Adjective) – मजबूत
Definition: Strong, healthy, and full of energy.
Synonyms: Robust, Healthy
Antonyms: Frail, Weak
Usage: State governments need to pursue such
programmes in a humane and vigorous fashion.
7) Mar (Verb) – ि बगाड़ना या बबारद करना
Definition: Impair the quality or appearance of;
spoil.
Synonyms: Spoil, Ruin, Impair
Antonyms: Improve, Enhance
Usage: Among the country’s largest employers in
recent years, the realty sector has been marred
by the debt overdose that has plagued much of
corporate India.
8) Iterate (Verb) -- पुनराविृ त करना
Definition: Perform or utter repeatedly.
Synonyms: Repeat, Recapitulate
Usage: In the wake of the Pulwama attack on
February 14, the government has iterated once
again its plan for the “diplomatic isolation” of
Pakistan.
9) Vainglorious (Adjective) -- �था िअभमानी
Definition: Having too high an opinion of

oneself
Synonyms: Assured, Bigheaded, Complacent,
Conceited
Antonyms: Egoless, Humble, Modest,
Uncomplacent
Usage: The truth is, in today’s interconnected
world, it is vainglorious to expect countries to
join a unilateral plan for isolation.
10) Rectify (Verb) – सुधारना या ठीक करना
Definition: Put right; correct.
Synonyms: Correct, Right, Amend, and Revise
Antonyms: Damage, Harm, Hurt, Impair
Usage: Let me get the store manager, and heʼll
rectify the invoice for your order.
Editorial 27 – 02 – 2019
1) Utterance (Noun) – कथन
Definition: A spoken word, statement, or vocal

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sound.
Usage: The latter is manifest in New Delhi’s
diplomatic utterances.
2) Retaliate (Verb) -- �ि तशोध लेना
Definition: To punish in kind the wrongdoer
responsible for
Synonyms: Avenge, Redress, Requite
Antonyms: Absolve, Condone, Excuse
Usage: This strike was carried out in Pakistani
territory, not in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir, the
theatre for retaliatory action in the past.
3) Convene (Verb) – बुलवाना
Definition: Come or bring together for a meeting
or activity; assemble.
Synonyms: Summon, Call
Antonyms: Disperse
Usage: He has convened a meeting of the
National Command Authority that oversees
Pakistan’s nuclear policy.
4) Obviate (Verb) -- म� ु हो जाना
Definition: Remove (a need or difficulty).
Synonyms: Preclude, Prevent, Remove
Usage: It could continue to deny that the Indian
strike caused any damage on the ground, and
obviate the need for retaliatory strikes.
5) Deterrent (Noun) -- ि नवारक
Definition: A thing that discourages or is
intended to discourage someone from doing
something.
Synonyms: Disincentive, Discouragement,
Dissuasion
Antonyms: Incentive, Encouragement
Synonyms: Remark, Comment, Word,
Expression
Usage: In the long term, building strong counter

terror defences, partnering with its own citizens to
gather intelligence, and creating deterrents will
be key.
6) Jeopardize (Verb) -- ख़तरे म� डालना
Definition: Put (someone or something) into a
situation in which there is a danger of loss, harm,
or failure.
Antonyms: Safeguard
Usage Mauritius has made it clear that it does
not intend to jeopardise the future of the
military base.
7) Thrash (Verb) – ताड़ना
Definition: Beat (a person or animal) repeatedly
and violently with a stick or whip.
Synonyms: Hit, Beat, Flog, Whip, Horsewhip

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Usage: When it lost this, London questioned the

court’s jurisdiction and Mauritius’s version of how
the deal had been thrashed out.
8) Erupt (Verb) -- �सफु �टत होना
Definition: Break out suddenly and
dramatically.
Synonyms: Break out, Flare up, Blow up, Boil
over
Antonyms: Die down
Usage: Fierce fighting erupted between the
army and guerrillas
9) Unperturbed (Adjective) – अबाि धत
Definition: Not perturbed or concerned.
Synonyms: Untroubled, Undisturbed,
Unworried, Unconcerned
Antonyms: Perturbed, Anxious
Usage: Many thought the old order rooted in
“stability” (read: the decades-long unperturbed
rule of single families or dictators) would be swept
away by emerging democracies.
10) Topple (Verb) -- ि गर पड़ना
Definition: Overbalance or cause to overbalance
and fall.
Synonyms: Fall, Tumble, Overturn, Overbalance
Antonyms: Get up, Rise,
Usage: American invasion of Iraq toppled him
and buried his regime.
Editorial 28 – 02 – 2019
1) Dissent (Noun) – मतभेद या असहममत
Definition: The holding or expression of
opinions at variance with those commonly or
officially held.
Synonyms: Disagreement, Argument, Dispute,
Demur
Antonyms: Agreement, Acceptance
Synonyms: Threaten, Endanger, Imperil,
Menace, Risk
Usage: This essay is a piece of dissent at a time

when dissent may not be welcome.
2) Unison (Noun)
Definition: The state of being of one opinion
about something.
Synonyms: Accord, Agreement,
Concurrency
Antonyms: Discord, Dissension
Usage: Newspapers have in
the government, and citizens, from actors to
cricketers.
3) Bully (Noun)
Definition: A person who habitually seeks to
harm or intimidate those wh
vulnerable.

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Synonyms: Persecutor, Oppressor, Tyrant,

Tormentor
Usage: He smiled sadly and said, “Churchill was
a bully.
4) Paranoid (Adjective)
Suspicious, Mistrustful
Usage: People take loyalty literally and become
paranoid.
असली
: Having the qualities of surrealism;
unreal, Bizarre, Unusual, Weird
: Commonsense, Sane, Sensible, Sober
: There is a sense of solidarity with the
.
-- ि नषकलंक
: Not spoiled or damaged.
: Unsullied, Unblemished, and
: Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who was
with doubts a week before, appears
कु �टलता
: An inclination to believe that people
interest; scepticism.
: Scepticism, Doubt, Distrust,
cynicism around these
भौच� ा
: Filled with fear or dread
– एकसाथ
Concurrence,
unison supported
-- ध�ि सया
om they perceive as
– � ामोहक
Definition: Unreasonably or obsessively
anxious, suspicious, or mistrustful.
Synonyms: Over-suspicious, Paranoiac,
5) Surreal (Adjective) – Definitionbizarre.
Synonyms: AntonymsUsageruling regime which is surreal6) Untarnished (Adjective)
DefinitionSynonymsUntainted
Antonyms: Tarnished
Usageencrusted like an untarnished hero.
7) Cynicism (Noun) -- Definitionare motivated purely by self-SynonymsMistrust
Antonyms: Optimism
Usage: Even the attitudes is ignored.
8) Aghast (Adjective) -- Definition
Synonyms: Affrighted, Afraid, Alarmed, Fearful

Antonyms: Adventuresome, Adventurous,
Audacious
Usage: One watches aghast as India turns war
into a feud, indifferent to a wider conflagration.

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9) Hysterical (Adjective) – उनमाद

Definition: Affected by or deriving from wildly
uncontrolled emotion.
Synonyms: Overwrought, Emotional,
Uncontrolled, and Uncontrollable
Antonyms: Calm, Self – possessed
Usage: The whole country lives from event to
event and TV becomes hysterical, not knowing
the difference between war and cricket.
10) Brutality (Noun) -- पाशवता
Definition: Savage physical violence; great
cruelty.
Synonyms: Savagery, Cruelty
Antonyms: Gentleness, Kindness
Usage: We can talk with ease about Pakistani
belligerency, about militarism in Pakistan, but we
refuse to reflect on our own brutality in Kashmir
or Manipur.
Editorial 22 – 02 – 2019
1) Intimidation (Noun) -- िअभ� ास
Definition: The action of intimidating someone,
or the state of being intimidated.
Synonyms: Frightening, Menacing, Terrifying,
Antonyms: Cheer, Comfort, Console
Usage: The Supreme Court has agreed to hear a
petition seeking directions to educational
institutions to protect Kashmiris in the face of
harassment and intimidation in various parts of
the country after the ghastly terror attack in
Pulwama on February 14.
2) Semblance (Noun) -- उवपसगथत
Definition: The outward appearance or apparent
form of something, especially when the reality is
different.
Synonyms: Appearance, Approximation, Show,
Air
Antonyms: Bluntness, Candidness, Candor
Usage: She tried to force her thoughts back into
some semblance of order.
3) Infuse (Verb) – मन म� बैठाना
Definition: To cause (as a person) to become
filled or saturated with a certain quality or
principle
Synonyms: Imbue, Inculcate, Ingrain
Antonyms: Deprive, Divest, Strip
Usage: Modi Cabinet have either been in denial
or have infused ambiguity into their statements
of reassurance.
4) Entrench (Verb) -- मोरचाबंदी करना
Definition: Establish (an attitude, habit, or

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belief) so firmly that change is very difficult or

unlikely.
Synonyms: Establish, Settle, Ensconce, Lodge
Antonyms: Dislodge, Superficial
Usage: The manifestation of this three-fold
othering was seen in the political culture across
India since 1990s in an entrenched way.
Definition: A person making a claim, especially
in a lawsuit or for a state benefit.
Synonyms: Applicant, Candidate
Usage: Congress does not seem to be the only
claimant of the discourse of Congressism.
6) Trounce (Verb) -- र�दने
Definition: Defeat heavily in a contest.
Synonyms: Crush, Overwhelm, Thrash, Beat,
Whip, Flog
Usage: The party has seamlessly employed
multiple modes of ‘othering’ simultaneously to
trounce its political rivals.
7) Incessant (Adjective) – ि नरं तर
Definition: (of something regarded as
unpleasant) continuing without pause or
interruption.
Synonyms: Ceaseless, Unceasing, Constant,
Antonyms: Intermittent, Occasional
Usage: The BJP has single-handedly taken the
politics of ‘othering’ from the episodic to
incessant level wherein the everyday life of the
people is systematically fused with the
constitution of the ‘other’ and its perpetuation.
8) Languish (Verb) – दब ु रल होना
Definition: (of a person, animal, or plant) lose or
lack vitality; grow weak.
Synonyms: Weaken, Grow weak, Deteriorate,
Decline
Antonyms: Thrive, Flourish
Usage: Indian investments in Iran, including the
Shahid Beheshti complex at Chabahar and the
Farzad B gas field, have languished for years,
reflecting the severe constraints on doing business
with Iran.
9) Uproar (Noun) -- कोलाहल
Definition: A loud and impassioned noise or
disturbance.
Synonyms: Turmoil, Disorder, Confusion, Chaos
Antonyms: Acquiescence
Usage: After the uproar among start-up
investors in the last few weeks, the Centre on
Tuesday decided to ease the conditions under
which investments in start-ups will be taxed by
the government.
10) Adverse (Adjective) – ि वपरीत

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Definition: Preventing success or development;

harmful; unfavourable.
Synonyms: Unfavourable, Disadvantageous,
Inauspicious,
Antonyms: Favourable, Beneficial, Positive,
Friendly
Usage: The adverse effect that it has had on
investor confidence has forced the government to
ease the stringent rules
Monthly Editorial – January 2019
JANUARY 2019 – Editorial

Editorial 02 – 01 – 2019
1) Turnaround (Noun) -- अ�तयाि शत प�रवतरन
Definition: An abrupt or unexpected change,
especially one that results in a more favourable
situation.
Synonyms: About-face, About-turn
Antonyms: Approval, Enactment, Validation
Usage: Signs of a turnaround: on RBI's Financial
Stability Report
2) Vigil (Noun) -- सतकर ता
Definition: A changing from one policy or point of
view to virtually its exact opposite
Synonyms: Observance, Patrol, Attention,
Awareness
Antonyms: Disregard, Heedlessness, Ignorance,
Indifference
Usage: Regulatory vigil should not ease after the
half-yearly decline in banks’ gross NPA ratio.
3) Shroud (Verb) -- कफ़नाना
Definition: Wrap or dress (a body) in a shroud for
burial.
Synonyms: Cover, Envelop, Veil, Cloak, Curtain
Antonyms: Expose, Reveal, Uncover, Unveil
Usage: The fog of bad loans shrouding the banking
sector appears to be lifting after a long period of
sustained stress.
4) Prognosticate (Verb) -- शकु न बताना
Definition: Foretell or prophesy (a future event).
Synonyms: Forecast, Predict, Prophesy, Foretell
Antonyms: Describe, Narrate, Recite, Recount,
Relate, Report, Tell
Usage: This prompted RBI Governor Shaktikanta
Das to prognosticate that the sector “appears to be
on course to recovery”.
5) Contagion (Noun) -- संसगर

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Definition: The communication of disease from one

person or organism to another by close contact.
Synonyms: Contamination, Infection, Disease,
Illness, Infirmity
Antonyms: Purification, Advantage, Cleanliness
Usage: A contagion analysis that assumes there
would be no sovereign guarantee provided for the 11
PSBs placed under the PCA curbs.
6) Mala fide (Adjective) -- दभु ारवनापूणर
Definition: In bad faith; with intent to deceive.
Synonyms: Ambidextrous, Backhanded, Deceitful.
Usage: Close to 95% of the frauds reported in the
six months ended September were credit-related,
with PSBs again bearing the brunt of mala
fide intent on the part of borrowers.
7) Plucky (Adjective) -- ि हममती

Usage: The missile's trajectory was preset
Definition: Having or showing determined courage Editorial 03 – 01 – 2019
in the face of difficulties.
1) Recalibrate (Verb) – संशोधन करना
Synonyms: Brave, Courageous, Bold, Daring,
Fearless Definition: Calibrate (something) again or
Antonyms: Cowardly, Timid, Timorous differently.
Usage: Ruth Bader Ginsburg is the Supreme Court’s Synonyms: Amend, Fix, Improve, Redress, Remedy
eldest and pluckiest member. Antonyms: Corrupt, Arm, Hurt, Injure
Usage: As the tax collections remain below target, it
8) Diminutive (Adjective) -- अलपाथरक
may be time to recalibrate expectations.
Definition: Extremely or unusually small.
2) Fervour (Noun) – जोश
Synonyms: Tiny, Small, Little, Petite, Minute,
Miniature, Mini, Minuscul Definition: Intense and passionate feeling.
Antonyms: Enormous Synonyms: Passion, Ardour, Intensity, Zeal,
Usage: The sharp words that earned the diminutive Antonyms: Apathy
justice the moniker “Notorious RBG” in recent years Usage: Yet, the higher compliance and the festive
were penned in dissent. fervour translated into collections lower than the
average monthly receipts for the year till date.
9) Exemplary (Adjective) -- अनक ु रणीय
3) Elusive -- मायावी
Definition: Serving as a desirable model; very good.
Synonyms: Perfect, Ideal, Model, Faultless Definition: Hard to find, capture, or isolate
Antonyms: Deplorable, Unworthy Synonyms: Ephemeral, Evanescent, Fleeting,
Usage: An exemplary relationship of talented, Impermanent
loving equals that bears out the film’s arc. Antonyms: Accessible, Approachable, Attainable,
Available
10) Trajectory (noun) -- �केपव�
Usage: A consumption-led investment revival to
Definition: The path followed by a projectile flying take the economy to an 8% growth path seems
or an object moving under the action of given forces. elusive again.
Synonyms: Course, Route, Path, Track, Line, Orbit
4) Forbearance (Noun) -- सहनशीलता 7) Detention (Noun) – नजरबंदी

Definition: Patient self-control; restraint and Definition: The action of detaining someone or the
tolerance state of being detained in official custody.
Synonyms: Tolerance, Toleration, Patience, Synonyms: Custody, Imprisonment, Confinement,
Resignation Incarceration

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Antonyms: Impatience Antonyms: Emancipation, Freedom, Liberation

Usage: His unfailing courtesy and forbearance Usage: The spat goes back to the detention on
under great provocation. December 1 of a top Chinese telecom executive in
5) Detriment (Noun) – ककत Vancouver.
Definition: The state of being harmed or damaged. 8) Retribution (Noun) -- �ि तशोध
Synonyms: Harm, Damage, Injury, Hurt, Definition: The act or an instance of responding to
Impairment an injury with an injury.
Antonyms: Benefit, Good Synonyms: Payback, Reprisal, Requital, Retaliation
Usage: The diplomatic row between Beijing and Antonyms: Clemency, Grace, Leniency, Lenity
Ottawa over the detention and treatment of Canadian Usage: There is concern that Canadian residents in
nationals in China continues to escalate, to the China may face retribution for Ms. Meng’s
detriment of bilateral relations. detention.
6) Standoff (Adjective) – असामाि जक,अलग 9) Lenient (Adjective) – दयालु
Definition: Having or showing a lack of friendliness Definition: (of a punishment or person in authority)
or interest in others more merciful or tolerant than expected.
Synonyms: Aloof, Antisocial, Asocial, Buttoned-up Synonyms: Merciful, Clement, Sparing, Forgiving
Antonyms: Communicative, Expansive, Garrulous, Antonyms: Merciless, Severe, Strict
Talkative Usage: A Chinese court last week ruled as too
Usage: But more serious could be the implications lenient the 15-year sentence against a Canadian
of the standoff for the ongoing trade war between convicted of drug-related offences.
China and the U.S. 10) Dispel (Verb) – दरू करना
Definition: Make (a doubt, feeling, or belief) Synonyms: Boom, Improvement, Recovery,

disappear. Upswing
Synonyms: Banish, Eliminate, Dismiss Antonyms: Downturn
Antonyms: Engender Usage: Under some pressure to demonstrate that it
Usage: Given the climate of mistrust between the had not gone soft as a result of the upsurge of
U.S. and China, it is hard to dispel the perception protests against the Supreme Court’s order.
that Canada has got caught in the crossfire. 4) Orchestrate (Verb) – �वसथा करना
Editorial 04 – 01 – 2019 Definition: Arrange or score (music) for orchestral
1) Stealth (Noun) -- गु�ता performance.
Definition: Cautious and surreptitious action or Synonyms: Arrange, Adapt, Score
movement. Antonyms: Disperse, Divide
Synonyms: Furtiveness, Secretiveness, Secrecy, Usage: Unfortunately, but not entirely
Surreptitiousness unpredictably, news of their visit has resulted in a
Antonyms: Openness cycle of violent and politically orchestrated
Usage: In facilitating the entry of two women, albeit protests, clashes, and mass arrests.
in stealth and under the cover of darkness. 5) Desecration (Noun) – अवपव�ता
2) Blockade (Noun) -- नाकाबंदी Definition: The action of desecrating something.
Definition: An act or means of sealing off a place to Synonyms: Violation, Profanation, Sacrilege
prevent goods or people from entering or leaving. Antonyms: Veneration, Sanctification
Synonyms: Siege, Beleaguerment, Encirclement Usage: The decision of the temple authorities to
Antonyms: Reopen, Unblock, Unbolt close the sanctum sanctorum and perform
Usage: The Kerala government has displayed some purification rituals has invoked old and regressive
resolve in breaking the illegal blockade imposed by notions of purity and pollution, of defilement and
some devotees. desecration.
3) Upsurge (Noun) -- चढ़ाव 6) Gush (Noun) -- यकायक बहाव
Definition: An upward surge in the strength or Definition: A flowing or going out
quantity of something; an increase. Synonyms: Exodus, Outflow, Outpour, Outpouring

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Antonyms: Flux, Inflow, Influx, Inrush Definition: A place of safety or refuge.

Usage: The dam burst with a stupendous gush of Synonyms: Refuge, Retreat, Shelter, Sanctuary,
water Asylum,
Antonyms: Dock, Harbor, Haven, Port
7) Bombard (Verb) -- बौछार करना
Usage: "a haven for wildlife".
Definition: Attack (a place or person) continuously Editorial 05 – 01 – 2019
with bombs, shells, or other missiles.
1) Fuel (Verb) -- ती� करना
Synonyms: Shell, Torpedo, Pound, Blitz, Strafe,
Pepper, Definition: Cause (a fire) to burn more intensely.
Antonyms: Leave alone Synonyms: Stimulate, Boost, Encourage, Intensify,
Usage: The city was bombarded by federal forces Antonyms: Dampen
Usage: Petrol may have been used to fuel the fire.
8) Emanate (Verb) – ि नकलना
2) Falter (Verb)-- लड़खड़ाना
Definition: To throw or give off
Synonyms: Cast, Discharge, Emit, Evolve Definition: To show uncertainty about the right
Antonyms: Absorb, Inhale, Soak (Up), Sponge course of action
Usage: Honeysuckle emanating such a sweet scent. Synonyms: Balance, Dither, Halt, Hang Back,
Hesitate
9) Dichotomy (Noun) -- दो भाग� म� ि वभाजन
Antonyms: Decide, Budge, Stir, Advance, Continue
Definition: a division or contrast between two things Usage: The music faltered, stopped, and started up
that are or are represented as being opposed or again.
entirely different.
3) Mire (Verb) – डूबना
Synonyms: Division, Separation, Divorce, Split
Antonyms: Agreement, Likeness, Sameness Definition: to place in conflict or difficulties
Usage: A rigid dichotomy between science and Synonyms: Broil, Embrangle, Embroil
mysticism. Antonyms: Emancipate, Free, Liberate, Release
Usage: Most governments are already deeply mired
10) Haven (Noun) -- शरण, ि नविृ �, आ�य
in debt
4) Revelation (Noun) -- रहसयो� ाटन Synonyms: Destine, Fate, Predestine, Ordain,

Definition: A surprising and previously unknown Preordain
fact that has been disclosed to others. Antonyms: Happy, Lucky, Promising
Synonyms: Disclosure, Surprising Fact, Divulgence, Usage: The new currency, brought into being on
Declaration January 1st 1999, has defied early critics, who
Antonyms: Keeping, Covering up thought it doomed to failure.
Usage: Child care institutions in India have been 8) Turbulent (Adjective) – अशांत
trapped in an administrative blind spot, as Definition: Characterized by conflict, disorder, or
revelations of the sexual abuse of inmates. confusion; not stable or calm.
5) Predation (Noun) – ि शकार Synonyms: Tempestuous, Stormy, Unstable,
Definition: The action of attacking or plundering. Unsettled
Synonyms: Predacity, Predation, Predatism, Antonyms: Peaceful
Rapaciousness, Rapacity Usage: The country's turbulent history
Usage: A home meant to protect girls rescued from 9) Culmination (Noun) -- प�रणणत
exploitation itself turned into a den of predation. Definition: The highest or climactic point of
6) Lacuna (Noun) – कमी something, especially as attained after a long time.
Definition: A falling short of an essential or Synonyms: Climax, Pinnacle, Peak, High point
desirable amount or number. Antonyms: Nadir
Synonyms: Crunch, Dearth, Deficiency, Deficit Usage: The deal marked the culmination of years of
Antonyms: Abundance, Adequacy, Amplitude, negotiation
Opulence 10) Profligate (Adjective) -- अप�यी
Usage: Only an emergency measure to address the Definition: Recklessly extravagant or wasteful in
serious lacunae can bring some semblance of order the use of resources.

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to these faceless shelters. Synonyms: Wasteful, Extravagant, Spendthrift,

7) Doom (Verb) -- ि वनाश क� �नदा करना Improvident
Definition: Condemn to certain death or destruction. Antonyms: Thrifty, Frugal
4) Eminent (Adjective) -- �खयात

Usage: Profligate consumers of energy Definition: Standing above others in rank,
Editorial 07 – 01 – 2019 importance, or achievement.
1) Sinister (Adjective) -- भयावह Synonyms: Astral, Bright, Distinguished,
Definition: Giving the impression that something Illustrious.
harmful or evil is happening or will happen. Antonyms: Insignificant, Minor, Unimportant.
Synonyms: Menacing, Threatening, Ominous. Usage: Many eminent surgeons are on the hospitalʼs
Antonyms: Unthreatening, Auspicious. staff.
Usage: The philosopher Karl Popper argued that 5) Resurrect (Verb) -- पुन�नमारण करना
conspiracy theories are often premised on the notion Definition: To bring back to life, practice, or
that events are manipulated by sinister groups. activity.
2) Yearning (Noun) -- तड़प Synonyms: Reanimate, Recharge, Regenerate,
Definition: A strong wish for something. Rejuvenate.
Synonyms: Appetency, Appetite, Craving, Desire Antonyms: Extinguish, Kill, Quench, Suppress.
Antonyms: Abhorrence, Abomination, Allergy. Usage: Attempts are being made to resurrect the
Usage: Shaped by a distrust of the notion of stalled arms negotiations
randomness and a yearning to explain phenomena 6) Espouse (Verb) -- अपनाना या सहारा दे ना
in terms of an underlying or intentional order. Definition: Adopt or support (a cause, belief, or way
3) Conspiracy (Noun) -- ष� ं� of life).
Definition: A secret plan by a group to do Synonyms: Adopt, Embrace, Take up, Take to.
something unlawful or harmful. Antonyms: Reject, Oppose.
Synonyms: Collusion, Complicity, Connivance. Usage: The left has espoused the causes of sexual
Antonyms: Faithfulness, Honesty, Ignorance. and racial equality.
Usage: The death of famous people has provided a 7) Curtail (Verb) -- घटाना
breeding ground for conspiracy theories. Definition: Reduce in extent or quantity; impose a
restriction on.
Synonyms: Reduce, Cut, Cut down, Cut back,

Usage: The reforms have been diluted.
Decrease, Lessen.
Editorial 09 – 01 – 2019
Antonyms: Increase, Lengthen.
Usage: Civil liberties were further curtailed. 1) Rattled (Verb) – परे शान करना
8) Harass (Verb) – परे शान करना Definition: Make (someone) nervous, worried, or
irritated.
Definition: Subject to aggressive pressure or
Synonyms: Unnerve, Disconcert, Disturb, Fluster
intimidation.
Antonyms: Appease, Placate, Soothe
Synonyms: Pester, Badger, Hound, Harry, Plague.
Usage: Rattled by the erosion in upper caste votes
Antonyms: Leave in peace.
in the recent Assembly elections in Rajasthan,
Usage: If someone is being harassed at work
Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
because of their sexuality they should contact the
police. 2) Scrutiny (Noun) -- संवीका
9) Obscene (Adjective) -- अ� ील Definition: Critical observation or examination.
Synonyms: Inspection, Survey, Scan, Study
Definition: (of the portrayal or description of sexual
matters) offensive or disgusting by accepted
Usage: It is doubtful if it will stand judicial
standards of morality and decency.
scrutiny.
Synonyms: Pornographic, Indecent, Salacious,

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Smutty. 3) Unapologetic (Adjective) – अकमा� ाथ�

Antonyms: Pure, Decent. Definition: not acknowledging or expressing regret.
Usage: Obscene jokes. Synonyms: Impenitent, Remorseless, Unmerciful
10) Dilute (Verb) -- जमलमम�त करना Antonyms: Apologetic, Contrite, Penitent
Definition: Make (something) weaker in force, Usage: The BJP government has attempted to
content, or value by modification or the addition of recover this traditional vote base through an
other elements. unapologetic political manoeuvre.
Synonyms: Diminish, Reduce, Decrease, Lessen,
Attenuate.
Antonyms: Intensify.
Antonyms: Desegregate, Integrate, Reintegrate

4) Drum up (Verb) – बढ़ाना
Usage: The Supreme Court has strengthened the
Definition: To create or think of by clever use of the principle that the head of the agency should be
imagination insulated against any form of interference.
Synonyms: Concoct, Construct, Contrive
8) Bulldoze (Verb) – धवसत करना
Antonyms: Clone, Copy, Copycat, Duplicate
Usage: The 124th Constitution Amendment Bill will Definition: clear (ground) or destroy
have to be passed by two-thirds of the MPs present Synonyms: Demolish, Knock down, Tear down,
and voting and the challenge will be to drum up the Pull down, Flatten
numbers in both Houses. Antonyms: Construct
Usage: The architect, tasked with redesigning the
5) Reinstate (Verb) -- पनु ः सथाि पत करना
city’s Olympic stadium, argues that new
Definition: Restore (someone or something) to their developments need not bulldoze the past.
former position or state.
9) Exacerbate (Verb) -- ख़राब करना
Synonyms: Restore, Replace, Reinstitute,
Rehabilitate Definition: Make (a problem, bad situation, or
Usage: Reinstated, conditionally: on CBI Director's negative feeling) worse.
return Synonyms: Aggravate, Make worse, Worsen,
Inflame, Compound
6) Contention (Noun) -- ि ववाद
Antonyms: Calm, Reduce
Definition: Heated disagreement. Usage: The exorbitant cost of land in urban areas
Synonyms: Disagreement, Dispute, Disputation only exacerbated the problem
Antonyms: Agreement
10) Flagrant (Adjective) – �मख ु
Usage: Supreme Court rejects the Centre’s
contention in the CBI Director’s case, but softens Definition: (of an action considered wrong or
the blow immoral) conspicuously or obviously offensive.
Synonyms: Blatant, Glaring, Obvious, Overt,
7) Insulated (Verb) – अछूता
Evident, Conspicuous
Definition: to set or keep apart from others. Antonyms: Unobtrusive, Slight
Synonyms: Cut off, Isolate, Seclude, Segregate Usage: A flagrant violation of the law
Editorial 10 – 01 – 2019 Antonyms: Uncontroversial

1) Ploy (Noun) -- चालाक योजना Usage: The Bill, contentious in itself for its
Definition: A cunning plan or action designed to exclusion of Muslims.
turn a situation to one's own advantage. 4) Thaw (Verb) -- ि पघलना
Synonyms: Ruse, Tactic, Move, Device, Stratagem, Definition: Become liquid or soft as a result of
Scheme warming up.
Usage: The Bill, contentious in itself for its Synonyms: Defrost
exclusion of Muslims, is seen by many as a ploy to Antonyms: Freeze, Solidify
legitimize the presence of Hindu Bengalis who had Usage: It is evidence of the continuing calm in the

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reached the Northeast in the aftermath of the birth of Korean peninsula for nearly a year since the thaw
Bangladesh in 1971. between Pyongyang and Washington.
2) Persecuted (Verb) – सताया �आ 5) Resonate (Verb) -- �ि तधववन
Definition: Subject (someone) to hostility and ill Definition: To continue or be repeated in a series of
treatment, especially because of their race or reflected sound waves.
political or religious beliefs. Synonyms: Echo, Reverberate, Vibrate, Oscillate
Synonyms: Oppress, Abuse, Victimize, Ill-treat, Antonyms: Damp, Dampen, Deaden, Dull, Quiet
mistreat, maltreat Usage: U.S. President Donald Trump will be
Antonyms: equally eager that his peace deal continues to
Usage: The Bill seeks to confer Indian citizenship to resonate in the region and beyond.
persecuted migrants from the Hindu, Jain, Sikh, 6) Nicety (Noun) -- नुकताचीनी
Parsi, Christian and Buddhist communities from Definition: A single piece of information
Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh who came to Synonyms: Article, Item, Component, Constituent
India before 2014. Antonyms: Error, Fallacy, Falsehood, Inaccuracy
3) Contentious (Adjective) -- ि ववादासपद Usage: Knows all the niceties of diplomatic protocol
Definition: Causing or likely to cause an argument; 7) Truce (Noun) -- यु�ि वराम संि ध
controversial.
Synonyms: Controversial, Disputable, Debatable
Definition: An agreement between enemies or

opponents to stop fighting or arguing for a certain
time.
Synonyms: Ceasefire, Armistice
Antonyms: Fighting, Hostilities
Usage: The guerrillas called a three-day truce
8) Exemplify (Verb) -- ि मसाल दे ना
Definition: Illustrate or clarify by giving an
example.
Synonyms: Typify, Epitomize, Illustrate
Antonyms: Becloud, Blur, Cloud, Darken
Usage: In your review you don't really exemplify
your points with specific examples from the novel
9) Respite (Noun) – मोहलत
Definition: A short period of rest or relief from
something difficult or unpleasant.
Synonyms: Rest, Break, Breathing Space, Interval
Antonyms: Continuation, Advance, Beginning
Usage: The refugee encampments will provide some
respite from the suffering.
10) Stockpile (Noun) -- भंडार
Definition: A large accumulated stock of goods or
materials, especially one held in reserve for use at a
time of shortage or other emergency.
Synonyms: Stock, Store, Supply, Accumulation,
Collection
Usage: Washington is impatient for information on
the North Korean weapons stockpile.
Editorial 11 – 01 – 2019
1) Rebuff (Verb) – असवीकृ त करना
Definition: Reject (someone or something) in an
abrupt or ungracious manner.

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Synonyms: Reject, Turn Down, Spurn, Refuse,

Decline
Antonyms: Accept, Welcome
Usage: As Turkey rebuffs its plea to protect Syrian
Kurds, the U.S. must evaluate its next move.
2) Ostensible (Adjective) -- ख़याली
Definition: Stated or appearing to be true, but not
necessarily so.
Synonyms Apparent, Seeming, Outward, Surface,
Superficial
Antonyms: : Real, Genuine
Usage: This has ostensibly angered Turkey, which
considers the Syrian Democratic Forces.
3) Pivotal (Adjective) -- क� � ीय
Definition: Of crucial importance in relation to the
development or success of something else.
Synonyms: Central, Crucial, Vital, Critical, Focal,
Essential
Antonyms: Inconsequential, Insignificant, Minor
Usage: The report was missing a pivotal piece of

information
7) Regime (Noun) – शासन
4) Hamstrung (Verb) – पंगु करना
Definition: A government, especially an
Definition: Cripple (a person or animal) by cutting authoritarian one.
their hamstrings. Synonyms: Government, Reign, Dominion,
Synonyms: Cripple, Lame, Hock, Disable Sovereignty
Antonyms: Help Usage: Regime uncertainty associated with the
Usage: In the event, the abrupt announcement has election may put a halt to the nascent pick-up
become a concession to Turkey, which was witnessed in investments as corporations might
hamstrung by U.S. presence in the Kurdish decide to hold back on big ticket investments until
populated region in pursuing its own military things clear up.
options.
8) Opine (Verb) – सुझाव दे ना
5) Conflict (Noun) -- ि ववाद, झगड़ा
Definition: Hold and state as one's opinion.
Definition: A serious disagreement or argument, Synonyms: Suggest, Submit, Advance, Propose,
typically a protracted one. Venture
Synonyms: Dispute, Quarrel, Squabble, Antonyms: Calculate, Disbelieve, Know
Disagreement Usage: The Hon’ble Supreme Court has opined that
Antonyms: Agreement, Peace the word ‘misconduct’ has no precise meaning.
Usage: This is unlikely given his aversion to
9) Ambit (Noun) – सीमा
keeping troops indefinitely in Syria (and other West
Asian conflict zones). Definition: The scope, extent, or bounds of
something.
6) Ail (Verb) -- सताना
Synonyms: Scope, Extent
Definition: Trouble or afflict (someone) in mind or Antonyms: Angle, Area, Center
body. Usage: A full discussion of this complex issue was
Synonyms: Trouble, Afflict, Pain, Bedevil beyond the ambit of one book.
Usage: On the brighter side, investment spending,
10) Disrepute (Noun) – बदनामी
which has ailed the economy for long, is expected to
pick up finally.

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Definition: Express (something) in language of a

Definition: The state of being held in low esteem by
specified style.
the public.
Synonyms: Express, Phrase, Word, Frame
Synonyms: Disgrace, Shame, Dishonour, Infamy,
Usage: Director Rakesh Asthana has ended with the
Notoriety
former’s removal, although it is couched as a
Antonyms: Honour
transfer.
Usage: One of the top clubs in the country is
bringing the game into disrepute. 4) Convene (Verb) – बुलाना या इक� ा होना
Editorial 12 – 01 – 2019 Definition: Come or bring together for a meeting or
1) Echelons (Noun) – सतर activity; assemble.
Synonyms: Summon, Call
Definition: A level or rank in an organization, a
Antonyms: Disperse
profession, or society.
Usage: The government quickly convened a
Synonyms: Level, Rank, Grade, Step, Rung, Tier,
meeting, which was attended by Justice A.K. Sikri,
Stratum
as the nominee of Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi.
Antonyms: Unemployment
Usage: The unseemly tussle in the CBI’s top 5) Untenable (Adjective) -- िअसथर, असमथरनीय
echelons reaches an unsatisfactory end. Definition: (especially of a position or view) not
2) Denouement – प�रणाम able to be maintained or defended against attack or
objection.
Definition: The final part of a play, film, or
Synonyms: Indefensible, Undefendable, Unarguable
narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn
Antonyms: Tenable, Defensible
together and matters are explained or resolved.
Usage: Even if this position is not strictly untenable
Synonyms: Outcome, Upshot, Consequence, Result
from a legal standpoint, it has serious implications
Antonyms: Origin
for the CBI’s independence.
Usage: The removal of Alok Verma as Director of
the Central Bureau of Investigation is a 6) Stratagem (Noun) – युि � या योजना
disconcerting denouement to an unseemly episode. Definition: A plan or scheme, especially one used to
3) Couch (Verb) – िअभ�� करना outwit an opponent or achieve an end.
Synonyms: Plan, Scheme, Tactic, Manoeuvre, Move
Antonyms: Frankness, Honesty, Honor, Inactivity 10) Blatant (Adjective) -- बेखौफ

Usage: An important learning from the entire
Definition: (of bad behaviour) done openly and
episode is that the bipartisan appointment process
unashamedly.
for the post with the presence of a high judicial
Synonyms: Flagrant, Glaring, Obvious,
functionary as envisaged by the 2003 amendments
Undisguised, Unconcealed
may not be enough to thwart political stratagems.
Antonyms: Inconspicuous, Subtle
7) Morass (Noun) -- उलझी �ई ि सगथत Usage: Then there is the more blatantly flawed
Definition: A complicated or confused situation. reasoning touted by the President that “Mexico will
Synonyms: Confusion, Chaos, Muddle, Tangle pay” for the wall.
Antonyms: Order, Organization Editorial 14 – 01 – 2019
Usage: the border wall with Mexico has become a 1) Demonstrate (Verb) -- � ावहा�रक �दशरनी और
morass of partisan bickering that has stalemated
the सप� ीकरण करना
U.S. federal government into a three-week-long Definition: give a practical exhibition and
shutdown. explanation of (how a machine, skill, or craft works
8) Strident (Adjective) – ककर श or is performed).
Synonyms: Reveal, Bespeak, Indicate, Signify
Definition: (of a sound) loud and harsh; grating.
Antonyms: Hide
Synonyms: Harsh, Raucous, Rough, Grating,
Usage: Computerized design methods will be
Rasping
demonstrated
Antonyms: Soft, Dulcet
Usage: Mr. Trump has steadily contributed to the 2) Alienate (Verb) -- पराया करना
strident and crude anti-migrant rhetoric. Definition: Make (someone) feel isolated or

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9) Veracity (Noun) -- यथाथरता estranged.

Definition: Conformity to facts; accuracy. Synonyms: Estrange, Turn away
Synonyms: Truthfulness, Truth, Accuracy Antonyms: Unite
Antonyms: Falsity Usage: An urban environment which would alienate
Usage: There are disquieting questions about the its inhabitants
veracity of some of Mr. Trump’s claims.
3) Determine -- ि नधाररण Usage: She had a sneaking suspicion that he was

Definition: To give an opinion about (something at laughing at her
issue or in dispute) 7) Romp (Verb) -- कोलाहल करते �ए खेलना
Synonyms: Adjudge, Adjudicate, Arbitrate, Definition: (especially of a child or animal) play
Antonyms: Equivocate, Hedge, Pussyfoot, Skirt roughly and energetically.
Usage: A three-member panel will determine the Synonyms: Play, Frolic, Frisk, Gambol
case Usage: The noisy pack of children romped around
4) Defer (Verb) -- आसगथगत करना the gardens
Definition: Put off (an action or event) to a later 8) Intense (Adjective) -- गहन
time; postpone. Definition: (of an action) highly concentrated.
Synonyms: Postpone, Put off, Adjourn Synonyms: Great, Acute, Enormous, Fierce, Severe
Antonyms: Stand up to, Disobey Antonyms: Mild, apathetic
Usage: They deferred the decision until February Usage: The job demands intense concentration
5) Impend (Verb) -- समीप आ जाना 9) Deceased (Adjective) -- मत ृ क
Definition: Be about to happen. Definition: recently dead.
Synonyms: Imminent, At hand, close, Close at hand Synonyms: Dead, Expired, Departed, Gone
Antonyms: Abate, Decline Antonyms: Alive
Usage: For confirmed pessimists some disaster Usage: The judge inferred that the deceased was
always seems to be impending. confused as to the extent of his assets
6) Suspicion (Noun) – शक या संदेह 10) Exert (Verb) – बल लगाना
Definition: A feeling or thought that something is Definition: Apply or bring to bear (a force,
possible, likely, or true. influence, or quality).
Synonyms: Intuition, Feeling, Impression, Inkling Synonyms: Bring to bear, Apply, Bring into play,
Antonyms: Certainty Exercise, Employ
Usage: The moon exerts a force on the Earth

4) Disrupt (Verb) – बाि धत करना
Editorial 17 – 01 – 2019
Definition: Drastically alter or destroy the structure
1) Contrarian (Adjective) – ि वरोधी
of.
Definition: opposing or rejecting popular opinion or Synonyms: Distort, Damage, Buckle, Warp
current practice. Antonyms: Organize, Arrange
Synonyms: Antagonist, Adversary, Debater Usage: Alcohol can disrupt the chromosomes of an
Usage: The charge-sheeting of JNU students is a unfertilized egg
move to criminalize contrarian opinion
5) Assailant (Noun) -- हमलावर
2) Radicalize (Verb) – क�रपंथी करना
Definition: a person who physically attacks another.
Definition: cause (someone) to adopt radical Synonyms: Attacker, Mugger
positions on political or social issues. Antonyms: Ally, Friend
Synonyms: Profound, Basal, Bottom, Cardinal Usage: She escaped from her assailant after kicking
Antonyms: Inessential, Minor, Secondary, him
Unimportant
6) Pernicious (Adjective) – खतरनाक
Usage: some of those involved had been radicalized
by the Vietnam War Definition: Having a harmful effect, especially in a

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3) Stringent (Adjective) -- कड़ी से कड़ी gradual or subtle way.

Definition: (of regulations, requirements, or Synonyms: Harmful, Damaging, Destructive,
conditions) strict, precise, and exacting. Injurious, Hurtful
Synonyms: Strict, Firm, Rigid, Rigorous, Severe Antonyms: Beneficial, Benign, Favourable
Antonyms: Lenient, Flexible Usage: The pernicious influences of the mass media
Usage: Stringent guidelines on air pollution 7) Tendency (Noun) -- �विृ �
Definition: An inclination towards a particular
characteristic or type of behaviour.
Synonyms: Propensity, Proclivity, Proneness,
Aptness, Likelihood
Antonyms: Allergy, Averseness, Aversion, Disfavor
Usage: For students, there is a tendency to socialize 1) Contrarian (Adjective) – ि वरोधी

in the evenings Definition: opposing or rejecting popular opinion or
8) Foment (Verb) -- भड़काना current practice.
Definition: Instigate or stir up (an undesirable or Synonyms: Antagonist, Adversary, Debater
violent sentiment or course of action). Usage: The charge-sheeting of JNU students is a
Synonyms: Instigate, Incite, Provoke, Agitate, move to criminalize contrarian opinion
Excite 2) Radicalize (Verb) – क�रपंथी करना
Antonyms: Bridle, Check, Constrain, Curb Definition: cause (someone) to adopt radical
Usage: They accused him of fomenting political positions on political or social issues.
unrest Synonyms: Profound, Basal, Bottom, Cardinal
9) Antipathy (Noun) – दश ु मनी Antonyms: Inessential, Minor, Secondary,
Definition: A deep-seated feeling of aversion. Unimportant
Synonyms: Hostility, Antagonism, Animosity, Usage: some of those involved had been radicalized
Aversion by the Vietnam War
Antonyms: Liking, Affinity, Rapport 3) Stringent (Adjective) -- कड़ी से कड़ी
Usage: His fundamental antipathy to capitalism Definition: (of regulations, requirements, or
10) Nurture (Verb) -- पालन - पोषण करना conditions) strict, precise, and exacting.
Definition: Care for and protect (someone or Synonyms: Strict, Firm, Rigid, Rigorous, Severe
something) while they are growing. Antonyms: Lenient, Flexible
Synonyms: Rear, Support, Raise, Foster, Parent, Usage: Stringent guidelines on air pollution
Mother, Tend 4) Disrupt (Verb) – बाि धत करना
Antonyms: Neglect, Hinder Definition: Drastically alter or destroy the structure
Usage: Jarrett was nurtured by his parents in a of.
close-knit family Synonyms: Distort, Damage, Buckle, Warp
Editorial 17 – 01 – 2019 Antonyms: Organize, Arrange
Usage: Alcohol can disrupt the chromosomes of an Definition: Instigate or stir up (an undesirable or
unfertilized egg violent sentiment or course of action).
5) Assailant (Noun) -- हमलावर Synonyms: Instigate, Incite, Provoke, Agitate,
Definition: a person who physically attacks another. Excite
Synonyms: Attacker, Mugger Antonyms: Bridle, Check, Constrain, Curb
Antonyms: Ally, Friend Usage: They accused him of fomenting political
Usage: She escaped from her assailant after kicking unrest
him 9) Antipathy (Noun) – दश ु मनी
6) Pernicious (Adjective) – खतरनाक Definition: A deep-seated feeling of aversion.
Definition: Having a harmful effect, especially in a Synonyms: Hostility, Antagonism, Animosity,

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gradual or subtle way. Aversion

Synonyms: Harmful, Damaging, Destructive, Antonyms: Liking, Affinity, Rapport
Injurious, Hurtful Usage: His fundamental antipathy to capitalism
Antonyms: Beneficial, Benign, Favourable 10) Nurture (Verb) -- पालन - पोषण करना
Usage: The pernicious influences of the mass media Definition: Care for and protect (someone or
7) Tendency (Noun) -- �विृ � something) while they are growing.
Definition: An inclination towards a particular Synonyms: Rear, Support, Raise, Foster, Parent,
characteristic or type of behaviour. Mother, Tend
Synonyms: Propensity, Proclivity, Proneness, Antonyms: Neglect, Hinder
Aptness, Likelihood Usage: Jarrett was nurtured by his parents in a
Antonyms: Allergy, Averseness, Aversion, Disfavor close-knit family
Usage: For students, there is a tendency to socialize Editorial 19 – 01 – 2019
in the evenings 1) Nudge (Verb) -- मनाने क� कोि शश करना
8) Foment (Verb) -- भड़काना Definition: To try to persuade (someone) through
earnest appeals to follow a course of action.
Synonyms: Drive, Propel, Spur, Stimulate.

Antonyms: Deter, Discourage, Dissuade. Usage: China’s capacity to manage its economic
Usage: The car salesman nudged me into taking a transition has implications the world over.
test-drive, even though I had said that I was just
5) Juggernaut (Noun) – दर
looking.
Definition: A huge, powerful, and overwhelming
2) Admonish (Verb) -- सलाह या आ�ह करना
force.
Definition: Advise or urge (someone) earnestly. Synonyms: Bandwagon, Blitz, Campaign, Cause.
Synonyms: Advise, Recommend, Urge, Caution. Usage: The Chinese growth juggernaut is slowing
Antonyms: Discourage. down.
Usage: In the past too, the court has admonished
6) Ample (Adjective) -- �चुर
the Centre for the delay in creating the institution.
Definition: Enough or more than enough; plentiful.
3) Aggrieve (Adjective) – नाराजगी
Synonyms: Enough, Sufficient, Adequate.
Definition: Feeling resentment at having been Antonyms: Insufficient, Meagre.
unfairly treated. Usage: There is ample time for discussion.
Synonyms: Resentful, Affronted, Indignant,
7) Derail (Verb) – मन ि वगचलत होना
Disgruntled.
Antonyms: Pleased. Definition: To trouble the mind of; to make uneasy.
Usage: He has been skipping meetings, as he is Synonyms: Agitate, Ail, Alarm, Bother, Concern,
aggrieved that the government has not made him a Discomfort.
full member, and has roped him in as a ‘special Antonyms: Allay, Alleviate, Assuage.
invitee’. Usage: According to police, the suspect had been
derailed in recent months by mounting financial
4) Transition (Noun) – प�रवतरन
problems.
Definition: The process or a period of changing
8) Aftermath (Noun) – प�रणाम
from one state or condition to another.
Synonyms: Change, Move, Passage, Definition: A condition or occurrence traceable to a
Transformation, Conversion. cause.
Antonyms: Decline, Decrease, Idleness.
Synonyms: Aftereffect, Backwash, Child, Antonyms: Detached, Divided, Loose, Separated

Conclusion, Consequence, Corollary. Usage: Opposition parties need a cohesive
Antonyms: Consideration, Determinant, Factor. framework to be a viable alternative to the BJP
Usage: The surgery was successful, but she now had 2) Commonality (Adjective) – समानता

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to deal with its aftermath: a huge bill. Definition: the state of sharing features or attributes.
9) Stimulus (Noun) -- � ोतसाहन Synonyms: Common, Commonalty, Commoner,
Definition: A thing that arouses activity or energy in Pleb
someone or something; a spur or incentive. Antonyms: Extraordinary, Infrequent, Rare, Seldom
Synonyms: Spur, Stimulant, Encouragement, Usage: Opposition parties that came together at the
Impetus, Boost. Kolkata rally hosted by Trinamool Congress leader
Antonyms: Deterrent, Discouragement. Mamata Banerjee had a commonality of purpose —
Usage: If the tax were abolished, it would act as a defeating the Bharatiya Janata Party.
stimulus to exports. 3) Tandem (Noun) -- अ� ान� ु म
10) Falter (Verb) -- लड़खड़ाना Definition: An arrangement of two or more objects
Definition: To show uncertainty about the right or persons one behind another
course of action Synonyms: Lineup, Arrangement, Bunch
Synonyms: Balance, Dither, Halt, Hang Back Antonyms: Individual, One, Single, Teammate
Antonyms: Dive (in), Plunge (in) Usage: To share a dais and hold hands is one thing;
Usage: William Lloyd Garrison never once faltered to share seats and work in tandem is quite another.
in his demand that slavery be unconditionally 4) Brainchild (Noun) -- �दमाग क� उपज
abolished. Definition: An idea or invention which is
Editorial 21 – 01 – 2019 considered to be a particular person's creation.
1) Cohesive (Adjective) -- जोड़नेवाला Synonyms: Coinage, Concoction, Contrivance,
Definition: characterized by or causing cohesion. Creation, Innovation
Synonyms: United, Adhesive, Tenacious Antonyms: Duplicate, Duplication, Facsimile,
Imitation
Usage: The federal front was essentially the

brainchild of the TRS founder K. Chandrasekhar 8) Accommodate (Verb) – समायोि जत करना
Rao. Definition: Fit in with the wishes or needs of.
5) Impulse (Noun) -- आवेग Synonyms: Help, Assist, aid, Oblige
Antonyms: Hinder
Definition: A sudden strong and unreflective urge or
Usage: The SP and the BSP have agreed on seat
desire to act.
sharing but have not accommodated the Congress;
Synonyms: Spontaneity, Impetuosity, Wildness,
also, negotiations with another ally, the RLD, are yet
Recklessness, Irresponsibility
to conclude.
Antonyms: Premeditation, Carefulness
Usage: At the same time, it seems to have imparted 9) Manifesto (Noun) -- घोषणाप�
a fresh impulse to the efforts to put together a Definition: A public declaration of policy and aims,
viable, if not entirely cohesive, alternative to the especially one issued before an election by a
BJP. political party or candidate.
6) Hitherto (Adverb) – अब तक Synonyms: Platform, Programme, Declaration,
Proclamation
Definition: Until now or until the point in time
Antonyms: Ambiguous, Clouded, Cryptic, Dark,
under discussion.
Enigmatic
Synonyms: Heretofore, Theretofore, Yet
Usage: There is still the issue of reaching
Antonyms: Henceforth, Henceforward, Hereafter,
agreements at the State level, and arriving at a
Thenceforth
consensus on a common manifesto of policies and
Usage: There is also no telling how an alliance
programmes.
between the Congress and the TDP, bitter rivals
hitherto, will work on the ground. 10) Akin (Adjective) -- समान �कृ ि तवाला
7) Navigate (Verb) – संचाि लत या ि नयंि �त करना Definition: of similar character.
Synonyms: Similar, Related, Close, Near,
Definition: To operate or control the course of
Corresponding
Synonyms: Course, Cover, Perambulate,
Antonyms: Unlike
Peregrinate,
Usage: Something akin to gratitude overwhelmed
Usage: Seat-sharing is likely to be akin to
her
navigating a minefield.

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4) Rein (Verb) – लगाम रखना

Editorial 22 – 01 – 2019
Definition: Keep under control; restrain.
1) Intrinsic (Adjective) – आंत�रक
Synonyms: Restrain, Check, Curb, Constrain
Definition: Belonging naturally; essential. Antonyms: Impotence, Impotency, Powerlessness
Synonyms: Inherent, Innate, Inborn, Inbred, Usage: An owner trying to rein in his bull was
Congenital gored to death by another behind him.
Antonyms: Extrinsic, Acquired
5) Pierced (Verb) – छे द करना
Usage: Tighter regulations cannot eliminate the
element of danger intrinsic to jallikattu. Definition: (of a sharp pointed object) go into or
through (something).
2) Cruelty (Noun) -- � ूरता
Synonyms: Incise, Intrude, Perforate
Definition: Cruel behaviour or attitudes. Antonyms: Leave, Mend, Sew
Synonyms: Brutality, Savagery, Savageness, Usage: A spectator who wandered out of the
Inhumanity, Barbarism protective cover at the scene of action bled to death
Antonyms: Compassion, Mercy on being pierced in the abdomen.
Usage: Jallikattu may have drawn the attention of
6) Persistent (Adjective) -- दृढ
animal rights activists for the innumerable accounts
of cruelty to bulls, but the deaths fall mostly on the Definition: Continuing firmly or obstinately in an
human side of the ledger. opinion or course of action in spite of difficulty or
opposition.
3) Rampage (Verb) -- �हसातमक �वहार
Synonyms: Tenacious, Persevering, Determined,
Definition: (especially of a large group of people) Resolute
move through a place in a violent and uncontrollable Antonyms: Irresolute
manner. Usage: Secretary of State Mike Pompeo’s persistent
Synonyms: Rage, Tear efforts since the Singapore meeting have come to
Antonyms: Be calm nought.
Usage: Whatever the precautions taken, and there
7) Curx (Noun) -- �कसी चीज का क�� ीय भाग या पहलू
were many, one cannot prepare for the behaviour of
a rampaging bull. Definition: The central part or aspect of something
under consideration.
Synonyms: Bottom Line, Bull's-Eye, Centerpiece,

Core, Essence
Usage: The concept of “complete denuclearisation”
of the Korean Peninsula that formed the crux of the
Singapore declaration has become a subject of
conflicting interpretations.
8) Impasse (Noun) -- गगतरोध
Definition: a situation in which no progress is
possible, especially because of disagreement; a
deadlock.
Synonyms: Deadlock, Dead End, Stalemate,
Checkmate
Antonyms: Solution, Boon, Agreement,
Breakthrough
Usage: The stalemate is at best a case of Mr.
Trump’s diplomatic gambit having gone awry and at
worst, an impasse that allows Pyongyang to
prevaricate and give nothing away.
9) Rhetoric (Noun) -- अलंकार शा�
Definition: Language that is impressive-sounding

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but not meaningful or sincere

Synonyms: Bombast, Fustian, Gas, Grandiloquence
Antonyms: Inarticulateness
Usage: Toning down his rhetoric, President Trump
has displayed a readiness to wait and watch.
10) Imbroglio (Noun) -- ि कल� ि सगथत
Definition: An extremely confused, complicated, or
embarrassing situation.
Synonyms: Complication, Complexity, Problem,
Difficulty, Predicament
Antonyms: Agreement, Ease, Harmony, Peace
Usage: Moon Jae-in, South Korea’s President,
favours rapprochement with the neighbour, and a
lasting resolution of the Washington-Pyongyang
nuclear imbroglio, advocating dialogue.
Editorial 23 – 01 – 2019
1) Conundrum (Noun) -- पहे ली
Definition: a confusing and difficult problem or
question.
Synonyms: Riddle, Puzzle, Word Game, Anagram
Antonyms: Answer, Axiom, Explanation,
Proposition, Solution
Usage: Inflation conundrum
2) Persuade (Verb) -- राज़ी करना
Definition: Induce (someone) to do something
through reasoning or argument.
Synonyms: Coax, Convince, Make, Ge
Antonyms: Dissuade, Discourage, Deter
Usage: A weak performance and low inflation may
persuade the RBI to go for an interest rate cut.
3) Divergent (Adjective) -- ि ववभ�
Definition: Tending to be different or develop in
different directions.
Synonyms: Differing, Varying, Different, Antonyms: Straighten

Dissimilar, Unlike Usage: First, whoever wins the nomination will
Antonyms: Similar inherit the burden — and benefits — of the
Usage: The inflation data have also thrown a considerable anti-Trump sentiment that is swirling
curveball at policymakers in that their different across diverse pockets of the country.
components show divergent trends. 7) Overshadow (Verb) -- िअधक �भावशाली या सफल
4) Entrant (Noun) -- �वेशी होना
Definition: A person or group that enters or takes Definition: Be more impressive or successful than
part in something. (another person).
Synonyms: Beginner, Newcomer, Fresher, Synonyms: Outshine, Eclipse
Freshman, Recruit Antonyms:
Antonyms: Veteran Usage: President Vladimir Putin’s visit to Serbia
Usage: A further eight potential entrants sitting on was overshadowed by ongoing protests against the
the fence. country’s president, Aleksandar Vucic.
5) Accumulate (Verb) -- संचय करना 8) Revive (Verb) -- पुनरजीि वत करना
Definition: Gather together or acquire an increasing Definition: Give new strength or energy to
number or quantity of. Synonyms: Reinvigorate, Revitalize, Refresh,

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Synonyms: Gather, Collect, Assemble Energize

Antonyms: Dissipate Antonyms: Torpefy
Usage: Ms. Harris enters this crowded arena with Usage: He needs to revive the manufacturing sector
the heft of her star power, having accumulated and emulate other Asian countries by becoming part
considerable political capital through her tough of the global supply chain.
questioning of President Donald Trump. 9) Abstract (Adjective) -- सार
6) Swirl (Verb) -- घूणरन करना Definition: Existing in thought or as an idea but not
Definition: Move in a twisting or spiralling pattern. having a physical or concrete existence.
Synonyms: Whirl, Eddy, Billow, Spiral, Wind, Synonyms: Theoretical, Conceptual, Notional,
Churn Intellectual
Definition: Begin to grow or increase rapidly;

Antonyms: Actual, Concrete flourish.
Usage: Robert Saunders of Queen Mary University Synonyms: Boom, Mushroom, Proliferate,
of London explains how the vote in 2016 reduced a Snowball, Multiply
complex question to an abstract proposition onto Antonyms: Shrink
which voters could project incompatible versions of Usage: The report suggests that, at least during fiscal
Brexit. year 2018, government spending may be what
10) Utopia (Noun) -- आदशरलोक boosted gross domestic product growth in the top
Definition: An imagined place or state of things in performing States, particularly in Bihar and Andhra
which everything is perfect. Pradesh whose double-digit growth rates have come
Synonyms: Paradise, Heaven, along with a burgeoning fiscal deficit.
Antonyms: Hell on earth 3) Profligate (Noun) -- अप�यी
Usage: A vote on a concrete proposition, he says, Definition: A licentious, dissolute person.
would focus debate on the strengths and weaknesses Synonyms: Libertine, debauchee, degenerate,
of a specific policy, not on the utopias (and reprobate
dystopias) that predominated before. Antonyms: Conserving, Economical, Economizing,
Editorial 24 – 01 – 2019 Frugal,
1) Convergence (Noun) -- संि मलन Usage: Punjab and Kerala, which are at the bottom
Definition: The coming together of two or more of the growth table, are ranked as profligates by the
things to the same point report.
Synonyms: Confluence, Conjunction, Convergency, 4) Fraught (Adjective) – �गचतत
Meeting Definition: Causing or affected by anxiety or stress.
Antonyms: Divergence Synonyms: Anxious, Worried, Upset, Distraught,
Usage: Economic convergence within the country Overwrought.
remains a distant dream as poorer States continue to Antonyms: Calm
lag behind the richer ones in economic growth. Usage: Editing the ‘human germline’ is an exercise
2) Burgeon (Verb) -- तेजी से विृ � होना fraught with unknown risks.
5) Condemn (Verb) -- �नदा करना
Definition: Express complete disapproval of; Synonyms: Exact, Accurate, Correct, Error-free,
censure. Pinpoint, Specific
Synonyms: Censure, Criticize, Castigate, Attack, Antonyms: Imprecise, Inaccurate
Denounce, Deplore, Decry Usage: One pitfall of embryo gene-editing is that it
Antonyms: Praise, Commend is not as precise as we need it to be today.
Usage: Chinese authorities have since condemned 9) Mutations (Noun) -- उतप�रवतरन
the researcher, He Jiankui, with a government report Definition: A distinct form resulting from genetic
this week saying he violated both ethics and laws. mutation.

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6) Outrage (Noun) – � ोध Synonyms: Mutant, Variant, Variation, Freak

Definition: An extremely strong reaction of anger, Antonyms: Sameness
shock, or indignation. Usage: Studies have shown that the technology can
Synonyms: Indignation, Fury, Anger, Rage, result in unintended mutations, which in turn can
Disapproval cause cancers.
Antonyms: Delight, Pleasure 10) Susceptible (Adjective) -- िअतसंवेदनशील
Usage: Mr. He’s actions drew international outrage, Definition: (of a person) easily influenced by
they weren’t revolutionary in technological terms. feelings or emotions; sensitive.
7) Fiddling (adjective) -- तुचछ Synonyms: Impressionable, Credulous, Gullible,
Definition: Annoyingly trivial or petty. Innocent, Ingenuous
Synonyms: Trivial, Petty, Trifling, Insignificant, Antonyms: Sceptical, Streetwise
Unimportant Usage: The problem is that while protecting against
Antonyms: Important, Large HIV, a deactivated CCR5 gene can also make people
Usage: In doing so, he violated the widely held more susceptible to West-Nile Fever.
ethical consensus that it is too early for germline Editorial 25 – 01 – 2019
editing, for we simply don’t know enough yet about 1) Manoeuvre (Noun) -- प�तरे बाज़ी
the risks of such fiddling.
8) Precise (Adjective) -- ठीक-ठीक सू�मः
Definition: Marked by exactness and accuracy of
expression or detail.
Definition: A movement or series of moves Synonyms: Squirt, Shoot, Spray, Fountain, Jet,
requiring skill and care.t Erupt
Synonyms: Operation, Exercise, Activity, Move Antonyms: Calm, Doldrums, Slump
Antonyms: Mishandle, Muff, Scamp Usage: The spurt in infections during the first two
Usage: The high-stakes manoeuvre could lift the weeks of 2019 cries out for an effective plan to
profile of the Congress as a serious contender in the contain it.
general election. 5) Depute (Verb) -- �ि नतनय� ु करना
2) Turnaround (Noun) – बदलाव Definition: Appoint or instruct (someone) to
Definition: An abrupt or unexpected change, perform a task for which one is responsible.
especially one that results in a more favourable Synonyms: Appoint, Designate, Nominate, Assign,
situation. Commission
Synonyms: About-face, About-turn Antonyms: Abrogate, Abdicate
Antonyms: Approval, Enactment, Validation Usage: Last year, the Union Ministry of Health and
Usage: In Uttar Pradesh, where it has been left high Family Welfare deputed teams to assist Rajasthan in
and dry in the seat-sharing deal between the containing the outbreak.
Samajwadi Party and the Bahujan Samaj Party, it 6) Etiquette (Noun) -- ि श� ाचार
sorely needs a dramatic turnaround in political Definition: The customary code of polite behaviour
fortunes. in society or among members of a particular
3) Concerted (Adjective) -- मसमममलत profession or group.
Definition: Jointly arranged or carried out; Synonyms: Protocol, Polite behaviour, Good
coordinated. manners
Synonyms: Joint, United, Collaborative, Collective, Antonyms: Bad manners, Discourtesy, Immorality,
Antonyms: Separate, Individual Impoliteness
Usage: A concerted public health push is required Usage: Campaigns to educate the public through
to tackle periodic outbreaks of influenza mass media ahead of the season, especially on
4) Spurt (Verb) – तेजी से आना respiratory etiquette and risk reduction, can help cut
Definition: Gush out in a sudden and forceful transmission.
stream. 7) Raucous (Adjective) – सक� या ककर श

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Definition: Making or constituting a disturbingly

harsh and loud noise. Usage: Mr Maduro’s incompetence has pauperised
Synonyms: Harsh, Strident, Screeching, Squawky Venezuelans, forcing around a tenth of the
Antonyms: Soft, Dulcet, Peaceful, Quiet, Restrained population to emigrate.
Usage: National demonstration against the Editorial 26 – 01 – 2019
disastrous regime of Nicolás Maduro, now deemed a 1) Plunge (Verb) – अचानक नीचे ि गरना
usurper, let out a raucous cheer. Definition: Fall suddenly and uncontrollably.
8) Internecine (Adjective) – आतं�रक Synonyms: Crash, Plummet, Pitch, Drop, Fall
Definition: Destructive to both sides in a conflict. Antonyms: Ascent, Climb, Rise, Rising
Synonyms: Bloody, Sanguinary, Sanguine Usage: Venezuela plunges from one catastrophic
Antonyms: Beneficial, Restorative, Salubrious, crisis to another.
Salutary 2) Grapple (Verb) – पकड़ना
Usage: few enemies to suspend the internecine Definition: Seize hold of (someone).
disputes within the opposition. Synonyms: Seize, Grab, Grip, Hold, Grasp, Clasp,
9) Revitalize (Verb) – पुनज�ि वत करना Clench
Definition: Imbue (something) with new life and Antonyms: Release
vitality. Usage: Venezuela has grappled with an economic
Synonyms: Reinvigorate, Re-Energize, Brace, and political crisis of its own making for almost two
Fortify, Strengthen years now.
Antonyms: Depress 3) Brute (Adjective) -- अतयाचारी
Usage: Revitalise the hopes of all those who want to Definition: having or showing the desire to inflict
see the end of Mr Maduro’s rule. severe pain and suffering on others.
10) Pauperize (Verb) -- द�र� करना Synonyms: Atrocious, Barbaric, Barbarous, Brutal
Definition: Make very poor; impoverish. Antonyms: Merciful, Pitying, Pacific, Peaceable,
Synonyms: Beggar Peaceful
Antonyms: Rich
Usage: The government used brute force to 7) Upend (Verb) – सीधा करना
suppress them, while the economic situation Definition: to fix in an upright position
deteriorated. Synonyms: Erect, Pitch, Put Up, Raise
4) Boycott (verb) -- बबहषकार करना Antonyms: Demolish, Flatten, Knock Down
Definition: Withdraw from commercial or social Usage: E-commerce has upended this arrangement.
relations with (a country, organization, or person) as 8) Unencumbered (Adjective) -- अभार�सत
a punishment or protest. Definition: Not having any burden or impediment.
Synonyms: Spurn, Snub Synonyms: Burdenless, Unburdened
Antonyms: Support, Approve of Antonyms: Encumbered, Burdened
Usage: The main opposition boycotted last year’s Usage: Now they often travel by different routes,
presidential election, which Mr. Maduro won with unencumbered by shopping bags.
67.8% vote. 9) Realism (Noun) -- यथाथरवाद
5) Anoint (Verb) -- तेल लगाना Definition: Realistic depiction in art and literature
Definition: To rub an oily or sticky substance over Synonyms: Literalism, Naturalism,
Synonyms: Bedaub, Besmear, Daub, Smear Representationalism
Usage: Mr. Guaidó may have hoped that by Antonyms: Irreality, Unreality
anointing himself a rebel President with backing Usage: Since October a new type of outlet has
from the U.S. brought in some Lewis Carroll-like magical realism.
6) Treachery (Noun) -- �ऋह 10) Devote (Verb) – सम�पत करना
Definition: Betrayal of trust. Definition: To keep or intend for a special purpose
Synonyms: Betrayal, Disloyalty, Perfidy Synonyms: Address, Apply, Bend, Buckle, Give
Antonyms: Loyalty, Faithfulness Antonyms: Dally, Dawdle, Dillydally

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Usage: We are one step before a historic event,” said Usage: That is where ikea is devoting lots of
Alexis Tsipras, the embattled Greek prime minister, attention.
who has been accused of treachery by the
opposition.
Editorial 28 – 01 – 2019
Vallabhbhai Patel to highlight that its real opposition
1) Propensity (Noun) -- �विृ � is to the Nehru-Gandhi family.
Definition: An inclination or natural tendency to 4) Thwart (Verb) – ि वरोध करना
behave in a particular way.
Definition: Oppose (a plan, attempt, or ambition)
Synonyms: Tendency, Inclination, Predisposition,
successfully.
Proneness
Synonyms: Foil, Frustrate, Balk
Antonyms: Disinclination, Dislike, Hate, Hatred
Antonyms: Assist, Facilitate
Usage: It is in the nature of our polity to use any
Usage: It is no secret that Mr. Mukherjee’s political
opportunity possible for political signalling, and the
ambitions were thwarted at one point by his
Bharat Ratna, the nation’s highest civilian honour,
inability to break the hold of dynastic politics in the
has not been spared from this propensity.
Congress.
2) Bemuse (Verb) -- सतबध करना
5) Decry (Verb) - सावरिजनक �प से �नदा करना
Definition: Puzzle, confuse, or bewilder (someone).
Definition: Publicly denounce.
Synonyms: Bewildered, Confused, Puzzled,
Synonyms: Denounce, Condemn, Criticize, Censure
Perplexed
Antonyms: Praise, Overrate
Antonyms: Clearheaded
Usage: The FBI Director, a Trump appointee, was
Usage: He agreed to speak at an RSS event last year
among the senior functionaries who decried the
to the bemused disapproval of the Congress party
governmental dysfunction.
was held out as a reason.
6) Prolong (Verb) – लंबा करना
3) Embrace (Verb) – आ�लगन करना
Definition: Extend the duration of.
Definition: Hold (someone) closely in one's arms,
Synonyms: Lengthen, Elongate
especially as a sign of affection.
Antonyms: Shorten
Synonyms: Clutch, Seize, Grab
Usage: If the Trump team had hoped a prolonged
Antonyms: Reject
government shutdown would break the Democratic
Usage: The award has been a part of the BJP’s
Party’s rank and file, it didn’t happen.
strategy of embracing old Congress leaders such as
7) Ransom (Noun) -- �फरौती Definition: Pointlessness or uselessness.

Definition: A sum of money demanded or paid for Synonyms: Fruitlessness, Vanity, Pointlessness
the release of a captive. Antonyms: Usefulness, Fruitfulness
Synonyms: Pay-off, Payment, Price Usage: Much has been said by commentators and
Usage: Mr. Trump will be better off if he realises political party representatives about the futility of
that holding the government to ransom to extract using the EVM because of the possibility of
compromises from Congress is not a sound tactic for electoral fraud by manipulating the technology that
a President. drives the machine.
8) Confrontational (Adjective) -- टकराव Editorial 29 – 01 – 2019
1) Fledgling (Noun) --- अनुभवहीन मनुषय
Definition: Tending to deal with situations in an
aggressive way; hostile or argumentative. Definition: A person or organization that is
Synonyms: Battle, Combat, Competition immature, inexperienced, or underdeveloped.
Antonyms: Concord, Harmony, Peace Synonyms: Emerging, Emergent
Usage: He could adopt a less confrontational Antonyms: Declining, Mature
approach towards Democrats and hold talks with Usage: The fledgling IBC has been severely tested
them with an open mind on immigration and border in the two years since its enactment.

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security. 2) Stifled (Verb) -- गला घ�टना

9) Empirical (Adjective) -- अनुभवजनय Definition: Make (someone) unable to breathe
Definition: Based on, concerned with, or verifiable properly; suffocate.
by observation or experience rather than theory or Synonyms: Suffocate, Choke, Asphyxiate
pure logic. Antonyms: Cold, Chilly
Synonyms: Observed, Seen, Factual, Actual, Real Usage: One of its better economic initiatives being
Antonyms: Theoretical stifled by vested interests.
Usage: The implementation or evaluation of any 3) Mount (Verb) -- चढ़ना
policy decision must consider not just abstract Definition: Climb up (stairs, a hill, or other rising
reasoning but base it on empirical and historical surface).
evidence.
10) Futility (Noun) -- ि नरथरकता
Synonyms: Go up, Ascend, Climb, Climb up, Scale,

Antonyms: Descend 6) Enervate (Verb) – कमज़ोर बनाना
Usage: One of the major challenges mounted Definition: Make (someone) feel drained of energy
against the IBC was by operational creditors, who or vitality.
are owed money by the company in the normal Synonyms: Exhaust, Tire, Fatigue, Weary
course of operations for supply of goods and Antonyms: Invigorate
services. Usage: Novak Djokovic, at his absolute best, can
4) Stymie (Verb) -- �ि तबाि धत करना make even the most fiercely competitive of draws
Definition: Prevent or hinder the progress of. appear enervated.
Synonyms: Impede, Interfere with, Hamper, Hinder, 7) Gritty (Adjective) -- �कर�करा
Obstruct Definition: Showing courage and resolve.
Antonyms: Assist, Help Synonyms: Courageous, Brave, Plucky, Mettlesome
Usage: With the Supreme Court now ruling that Usage: To be sure, Djokovic had lost in each of the
there are “intelligible differentia” between three tournaments before the Australian Open — to
operational and financial creditors, an avenue that rising youngsters in Karen Khachanov and
defaulters used to stymie proceedings has been Alexander Zverev, and the gritty Roberto Bautista
closed. Agut
5) Recalcitrant (Adjective) -- आजा न माननेवाला 8) Astonish (Verb) -- च�कत करना
Definition: Having an obstinately uncooperative Definition: Surprise or impress (someone) greatly.
attitude towards authority or discipline Synonyms: Amaze, Astound, Stagger, Surprise
Synonyms: Uncooperative, Intractable, Antonyms:
Unmanageable, Ungovernable, Refractory, and Usage: First in 25 finals for the Spaniard, proved
Insubordinate that the 31-year-old had lost none of his astonishing
Antonyms: Amenable, Docile, Compliant powers of recovery.
Usage: This constitutes a clear signal of its backing 9) Elite (Noun) -- िअभजात वगर
for the IBC which, despite all the challenges that it Definition: A select group that is superior in terms
has faced, has been successful in sending a message of ability or qualities to the rest of a group or
to recalcitrant defaulters that there can be no more society.
business-as-usual when they default.
Definition: The action or process of demolishing or

Synonyms: Best, Pick, Cream, Flower
being demolished.
Antonyms: Dregs
Synonyms: Destruction, Knocking down,
Usage: The tournament seemed open to further
Antonyms: Construction, Confirmation
upsets, but the business end demonstrated that the
Usage: The court had ordered that the status quo be
elite can never be written off.
maintained on the entire extent of 67.7 acres

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10) Gallant (Adjective) – वीर या बहादरू acquired in the aftermath of the demolition of the
Definition: (of a person or their behaviour) brave; Babri Masjid.
heroic. 3) Conceal (Verb) -- ि छपाना
Synonyms: Brave, Courageous, Valiant, Valorous, Definition: Not allow to be seen; hide.
Bold Synonyms: Hide, Keep out of sight, Keep hidden,
Antonyms: Cowardly Secrete
Usage: On the women’s side, this clash has seemed Antonyms: Reveal, Expose
heightened in recent years, and Naomi Osaka, with Usage: Behind the apparently equitable argument
her gallant three-set win over Petra Kvitova in the that an extent of land not in dispute can be given
final, firmly established herself as the next big thing. back to its original owners is a barely concealed
Editorial 31 – 01 – 2019 political motive.
1) Acquire (Verb) – � ा� करना 4) Palpable (Adjective) -- बोधगमय
Definition: Buy or obtain (an asset or object) for Definition: (of a feeling or atmosphere) so intense
oneself. as to seem almost tangible.
Synonyms: Obtain, Come by, Come to have, Get, Synonyms: Perceptible, Perceivable, Visible,
Receive, Gain, Earn, Win Noticeable
Antonyms: Lose, Part with Antonyms: Intangible, Imperceptible
Usage: The Centre’s request to the Supreme Court Usage: The sense of anxiety among the supporters
to allow it to return the “superfluous land” it had of the Mandir cause over the delay in the
acquired around the disputed site in Ayodhya in adjudicatory process is palpable.
1993 is not innocuous. 5) Mollify (Verb) – शांत करना
2) Demolition (Noun) – ि वनाश
Definition: Appease the anger or anxiety of

(someone).
Synonyms: Appease, Placate, Pacify, Conciliate,
Antonyms: Enrage
Usage: It is to address this anxiety and mollify
elements that are unhappy with the progress of the
judicial process that the government wants the court
to vacate its status quo order.
6) Provocative (Adjective) – उ� ेजक
Definition: Causing anger or another strong
reaction, especially deliberately.
Synonyms: Annoying, Irritating, Exasperating,
Infuriating
Antonyms: Soothing, Calming
Usage: A trust dedicated to the cause of constructing
a temple to Ram on the site where the demolished
Babri Masjid stood, will be needlessly provocative.
7) Demonstrable (Verb) -- �द�शत करना
Definition: Clearly apparent or capable of being
logically proved.
Synonyms: Verifiable, Provable, Attestable,
Evincible
Antonyms: Unverifiable
Usage: The campaign to demolish the mosque, from
the Kalyan Singh government, whose actions were
demonstrably anti-secular.
8) Vicinity (Noun) – आस-पास क� जगह
Definition: The area near or surrounding a particular
place.

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Synonyms: Neighbourhood, Locality, Locale

Antonyms: Foreign
Usage: There is a case for reconsidering the lease,
but nothing at all for this organisation to be given
the opportunity to gather its resources in the vicinity
of the disputed site.
9) Forefront (Noun) – सबसे आगे
Definition: The leading or most important position
or place.
Synonyms: Vanguard, Van, Spearhead, Head, Lead
Antonyms: Rear, Background
Usage: The U.S. Federal Reserve has been at the
forefront of the current tightening cycle.
10) Slump (Verb) – अचानक ि गरावट होना
Definition: A sudden severe or prolonged fall in the
price, value, or amount of something.
Synonyms: Plunge, Drop, Collapse, Tumble,
Plummet
Antonyms: Rise, Boom, Upturn
Usage: This is typical of all commodities that see
years of oversupply that lead to a price slump
followed by years of under-supply that leads to a
jump in prices.
Monthly Editorial
Editorial
Editorial 01 – 12 – 2018
1) Clemency (Noun) -- दया
Definition: Mercy; Lenience.
Synonyms: Mercy, Mercifulness, Leniency,
Lenience
Antonyms: Ruthlessness, Strictness
Usage: There is scope for judicial review even
against a sovereign decision denying clemency.
2) Condign (Adjective) -- लायक
Definition: (of punishment or retribution)
appropriate to the crime or wrongdoing; fitting
and deserved.
Synonyms: Competent, Deserved, Due, Fair
Antonyms: Incoherent, Incorrect, Irrelative,
Irrelevant
Usage: A suspension without pay is condign
punishment for breaking the company's code of
business ethics.
Definition: (of a person or wrongful act,
especially a crime) utterly odious or wicked.
Synonyms: Odious, Wicked, Evil, Atrocious
Antonyms: Admirable
Usage: A battery of heinous crimes.
Definition: A loud and confused noise,

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especially that of people shouting.

Synonyms: Din, Racket, Loud Noise, Uproar,
Tumult, Babel
Antonyms: Silence
Usage: The questions rose to a clamour.
5) Deterrence (Noun) -- रोकथाम
Definition: The action of discouraging an
action or event through instilling doubt or fear of
the consequences.
Synonyms: Determent, Disincentive,
Dissuasion, Obviation
Antonyms: Permissive
Usage: Nuclear missiles remain the main
deterrence against possible aggression.
6) Freakish (Adjective) -- आवेगपरू ण, सनकी
Definition: Very unusual, strange, or
unexpected.
Synonyms: Capricious, Impulsive, Whimsical
Antonyms: Equable
Usage: Freakish weather
7) Tepid (adjective) -- थोडा उतसाह ददखाना
Definition: Showing little enthusiasm.
Synonyms: Unenthusiastic, Apathetic, Half
hearted, Indifferent
Antonyms: Enthusiastic, Passionate
Usage: Across a majority of geographies and
economic groupings, wage expansions were
noticeably tepid last year.
8) Intensification (Noun) -- तीवता
Definition: The action of making or becoming
more intense.
Synonyms: Escalation, Stepping up, Boosting,
Increase, Pickup
Antonyms: Lessening, Abatement
Usage: The intensification of the conflict.
9) Deceleration (Noun) -- अवत वरर
Definition: Reduction in speed or rate.
Synonyms: Brake, Retard, Slacken, Slow
Antonyms: Accelerate, Hasten, Hurry, Quicken
Usage: she decelerated the car as we entered
the school zone.
10) Decouple (Verb) – अलग करना
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Definition: Separate, disengage, or dissociate
(something) from something else.
Synonyms: Break up, Disassociate, Disconnect,
Disjoin
Antonyms: Join, Link, Unify, Unite
Usage: To have a fruitful discussion, we need to
decouple fact from opinion.

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Editorial 03 – 12 – 2018
1) Contextualize (Verb) -- पासंगगक बनाएं
Definition: Place or study in context.
Synonyms: Doctrine, Philosophy, School of
thought
Antonyms: Unbelief Imitation Pluralism
Internationalism
Usage: The excellent introduction summarizes
and contextualizes Bowen's career.
2) Turbulence (Noun) -- अगथथरता, अशांगत
Definition: Violent or unsteady movement of
air or water, or of some other fluid.
Synonyms: Turmoil, Instability, Conflict,
Upheaval, Tumult
Antonyms: Peace, Calmness
Usage: The plane shuddered as it entered some
turbulence.
3) Depiction (Noun) -- गगतर
Definition: Portray in words; describe.
Synonyms: Describe, Detail, Relate, Narrate,
Recount
Antonyms: Hide, Conceal, Suppress, Confuse
Usage: Ronald Reagan, who gave a rhetorical
flourish to America’s pursuit of global
dominance in the 1980s with his depiction of
the Soviet Union as the “evil empire”, and his
call to “break that wall”.
4) Evict (Verb) -- बेदखल करना
Definition: Expel (someone) from a property,
especially with the support of the law.
Synonyms: Expel, Eject, Oust, Remove,
Dislodge
Antonyms: Admit
Usage: A single mother and her children have
been evicted from their home.
5) Unravel (Verb) -- सुलझाना
Definition: undo (twisted, knitted, or woven
threads).
Synonyms: Untangle, Disentangle, Straighten
out
Antonyms:
Usage: He cut the rope and started to unravel
its strands.
6) Consensus (Verb) -- आम सहमगत
Definition: A general agreement.
Synonyms: Agreement, Harmony, Concord
Antonyms: Disagreement, Minority view
Usage: There is a growing consensus that the
current regime has failed.
7) Bygone (Adjective) – गवगत या बीता हआ
Definition: Belonging to an earlier time.
Synonyms: Past, Former, Earlier, One-time,
Long-ago
Antonyms: Present, Recent

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Usage: Relics of a bygone age.

8) Strident (Adjective) -- कठोर
Definition: Presenting a point of view,
especially a controversial one, in an excessively
forceful way.
Synonyms: Harsh, Raucous, Rough, Grating,
Rasping, Jarring
Usage: His voice had become increasingly
strident.
9) Mere (Adjective) – मात
Definition: Used to emphasize how small or
insignificant someone or something is.
Monthly Editorial
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Synonyms: Trifling, Meagre, Bare, Trivial,
Paltry
Antonyms: Decorated, Indefinite, Uncertain
Usage: His stomach rebelled at the mere
thought of food.
10) Discernible (Adjective) -- नमद ू ार
Definition: Able to be discerned; perceptible.
Synonyms: Visible, Detectable, Noticeable,
Perceptible
Antonyms: Imperceptible
Usage: The scandal had no discernible effect
on his career.
11) Prospect (Noun) -- पूवेकर
Definition: The possibility or likelihood of
some future event occurring.
Synonyms: Likelihood, Hope, Expectation,
Anticipation
Antonyms: Incumbent, Officeholder, Awardee,
Honoree, Inductee
Usage: Gazing at the wide prospect spread out
before me.
12) Posit (Verb) -- दकसी गथथगत मे रखना
Definition: Put forward as fact or as a basis for
argument.
Synonyms: Postulate, Put forward, Advance,
Propound
Antonyms: Abstain, Be honest, Disbelieve
Usage: The Confucian view posits a perfectible
human nature.
Editorial 04 – 12 – 2018
1) Truce (Noun) -- युदगवराम संगध
Definition: An agreement between enemies or
opponents to stop fighting or arguing for a
certain time.
Synonyms: Ceasefire, Armistice Respite, Lull,
Moratorium

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Antonyms: Fighting, Hostilities

Usage: The U.S. and Chinese Presidents,
Donald Trump and Xi Jinping, agreed to a 90-
day truce.
2) Amicable (Adjective) -- मैतीपूरण
Definition: Characterized by friendliness and
absence of discord.
Synonyms: Friendly, Good-natured, Cordial,
Civil, Courteous
Antonyms: Unfriendly, Hostile
Usage: The two countries will try to find an
amicable solution to the various problems
plaguing bilateral trade relations.
3) Plague (Verb) -- गनरं तर परे शानी
Definition: Cause continual trouble or distress
to.
Synonyms: Afflict, Bedevil, Cause suffering to,
Torture, Torment
Antonyms: Advantage, Good fortune, Good
luck
Usage: He has been plagued by ill health.
4) Remuneration (Noun) -- पाररशगमक
Definition: Money paid for work or a service.
Synonyms: Payment, Pay, Salary, Wages,
Earnings
Antonyms: Underpayment
Usage: customers who are tardy in their
remuneration will be subject to extra charges.
5) Palpable (Adjective) -- अवधाररातमक
Definition: (of a feeling or atmosphere) so
intense as to seem almost tangible.
Synonyms: Perceptible, Perceivable, Visible,
Noticeable, Appreciable
Antonyms: Intangible, Imperceptible
Usage: A palpable sense of loss.
6) Implode (Verb) – गगर जाना
Definition: Collapse or cause to collapse
violently inwards.
Monthly Editorial
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Synonyms: Buckle, Cave (in), Collapse,
Crumple
Antonyms: Inflate, Rise, Swell
Usage: Both the windows had imploded.
7) Aftermath (Noun) – पररराम
Definition: a condition or occurrence traceable
to a cause
Synonyms: Aftereffect, Backwash,
Consequence, Corollary, Development
Antonyms: Antecedent, Causation, Cause,
Occasion, Reason

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Usage: The surgery was successful, but she now

had to deal with its aftermath: a huge bill.
8) Semblance (Noun) – समानता
Definition: The outward appearance or
apparent form of something, especially when the
reality is different.
Synonyms: Charade, Disguise, Masquerade,
Playacting
Antonyms: Bluntness, Candidness, Candor,
Directness
Usage: She tried to force her thoughts back into
some semblance of order.
9) Reiterate (Verb) -- बार बार दहु राना
Definition: To state or do over again or
repeatedly sometimes with wearying effect
Synonyms: Chime, Din, Iterate, Rehearse,
Repeat
Antonyms: Tale back
Usage: The pianist's valedictory concert will
reiterate the program he played on the national
tour.
10) Distort (Verb) -- गवकृ त करना
Definition: Give a misleading or false account
or impression of.
Synonyms: Misrepresent, Pervert, Twist,
Falsify, Misreport, Misstate
Antonyms: Accurate
Usage: Many factors can distort the results.
Editorial 05 – 12 – 2018
1) Aloft (Adjective) -- ऊपर की ओर
Definition: Up in or into the air; overhead.
Synonyms: Upwards, Up, High
Antonyms: Down
Usage: India’s heaviest satellite GSAT-11 is
aloft in space from Kourou.
2) Meticulous (Adjective) – सावधानीपुवणक
Definition: showing great attention to detail;
very careful and precise.
Synonyms: Careful, Conscientious, Diligent,
Ultra-careful, Scrupulous
Antonyms: Careless, Sloppy, Slapdash
Usage: A meticulous civil servant, he will
assess the police findings and the
recommendations of his own team.
3) Rigorous (Adjective) – बेहद सावधानी से या
कठोर
Definition: Extremely thorough and careful.
Synonyms: Meticulous, Punctilious,
Conscientious
Antonyms: Slapdash, Lax
Usage: The rigorous testing of consumer
products.
4) Vicinity (Noun) -- आस-पास की जगह
Definition: The area near or surrounding a

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particular place.
Synonyms: Nearness, Closeness, Proximity,
Propinquity
Antonyms: Distance, Remoteness
Usage: There are no hotels in the vicinity of
the hospital.
5) Purport (Verb) – दावा करना
Definition: Appear to be or do something,
especially falsely.
Monthly Editorial
5
Synonyms: Claim, Lay Claim, Profess, Pretend
Antonyms: Abandon, Disavow, Disclaim,
Disown,
Usage: He purports to be an expert in
criminalistics
6) Insinuation (Noun) -- परोक संके त
Definition: An unpleasant hint or suggestion of
something bad.
Synonyms: Implication, Inference, Suggestion,
Hint
Antonyms: Announce, Declare, Proclaim,
Elucidate
Usage: Are you insinuating that I won by
cheating?
7) Stringent (Adjective) – कठोर, कडी से कडी
Definition: (of regulations, requirements, or
conditions) strict, precise, and exacting
Synonyms: Strict, Firm, Rigid, Rigorous,
Severe
Antonyms: Lenient, Flexible
Usage: Stringent guidelines on air pollution
8) Calibrate (Verb) – मागपत होना
Definition: Mark (a gauge or instrument) with
a standard scale of readings.
Synonyms: Measured, Registered, Serialized,
Tapered
Antonyms: Disorder, Disorganize, Guess,
Ignore
Usage: the radiocarbon results would need to be
calibrated to convert them to calendar ages.
9) Contagion (Noun) -- संसगण
Definition: The communication of disease
from one person or organism to another by close
contact.
Synonyms: Contamination, Infection, Disease,
Illness, Infirmity, Pestilence
Antonyms: Purification, Advantage,
Cleanliness
Usage: The rooms held no risk of contagion
10) Revelation (Noun) -- रहथयोदाटन

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Definition: A surprising and previously

unknown fact that has been disclosed to others.
Synonyms: Disclosure, Declaration, Utterance,
Announcement
Antonyms: Keeping, Covering up
Usage: "Revelations about his personal life
11) Devoid (Adjective) -- गवहीन
Definition: Entirely lacking or free from.
Synonyms: Lacking, Without, Free from/of,
Empty of
Antonyms: Filled, Flush, Fraught, Full,
Replete, Rife
Usage: The so-called comedy is totally devoid of
intelligence, originality, and even laughs.
Editorial 06 – 12 – 2018
1) Tumble (Verb) – िअ ानक गगर जाना
Definition: Fall suddenly, clumsily, or
headlong.
Synonyms: Hurry, Rush, Scramble
Antonyms: Rise, Soar
Usage: The price of India’s crude basket
tumbled almost 30% to below $60 by end
November from $85 in early October.
2) Endure (Verb) – सहना
Definition: Suffer (something painful or
difficult) patiently.
Synonyms: Undergo, Go Through, Live
Through, Experience
Antonyms: Fade, Short-lived
Usage: It foresees the softness in prices
enduring through the April-September half of
next year.
3) Bolster (Verb) -- समथणन या मजबूत करना
Definition: Support or strengthen.
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6
Antonyms: Undermine
Usage: The MPC’s decision to stand pat on
rates must also have been bolstered by the
findings in the RBI’s November survey of
households’ inflation expectations.
4) Prognosis (Noun) -- पागञान
Definition: A forecast of the likely outcome of a
situation.
Synonyms: Forecast, Prediction, Projection,
Prognostication
Antonyms: Calculation, Measurement
Usage: On growth, the monetary authority has
largely stuck with its prognosis from October.
5) Perishable (Adjective) -- नाश होने योगय

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Definition: (Especially of food) likely to decay

or go bad quickly.
Synonyms: Biodegradable; Putrefiable
Antonyms: Continuation, Endurance
Usage: The RBI reckons there is the clear and
present danger of a sudden reversal, especially
in prices of volatile perishable items.
6) Buttress (Verb) – पुशता दे ना
Definition: Increase the strength of or
justification for; reinforce.
Synonyms: Strengthen, Reinforce, Fortify,
Support
Antonyms: Undercut, Undermine, Weaken
Usage: A mass of circumstantial evidence
buttresses the prosecutor's case
7) Opportune (Adjective) -- समयानक ु ू ल
Definition: (Of a time) especially convenient or
appropriate for a particular action or event.
Synonyms: Auspicious, Propitious, Favourable,
Advantageous
Antonyms: Disadvantageous, Ill-timed
Usage: He couldn't have arrived at a less
opportune moment.
8) Prudence (Noun) – समझदारी
Definition: The quality of being prudent;
cautiousness.
Synonyms: Wisdom, Judgement, Good
judgement
Antonyms: Folly, Recklessness
Usage: We need to exercise prudence in such
important matters.
9) Adverse (Adjective) -- गवपरीत
Definition: Preventing success or
development; harmful; unfavourable.
Inauspicious
Friendly
Usage: Taxes are having an adverse effect on
production
10) Funnel (Verb) – मागणदशणन करना
Definition: Guide or channel (something)
through or as if through a funnel.
Synonyms: Channel, Guide, Feed, Direct,
Convey
Antonyms: Scatter, Splurge
Usage: Some $12.8 billion was funnelled
through the Marshall Plan
Editorial 07 – 12 – 2018
1) Abysmal (Adjective) -- बेहद खराब या भय
उतपन करनेवाला
Definition: Extremely bad; appalling.
Synonyms:
Dreadful, Awful, Terrible, Frightful, Atrocious

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Antonyms: Superb
Usage: Given the abysmal rate of convictions
in the country, it is inexcusable that it took so
long.
2) Emphasize (Verb) -- महतव दे ना
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Definition: Give special importance or value to
(something) in speaking or writing.
Synonyms: Highlight, Point Up, Spotlight
Antonyms: Understate, Play down
Usage: The need to protect witnesses has been
emphasised by Law Commission reports and
court judgments for years.
3) Acquittal (Noun) -- दोषमुगग
Definition: A judgement or verdict that a
person is not guilty of the crime with which they
have been charged
Synonyms: Absolution, Clearing, Exoneration
Antonyms: Conviction
Usage: Witnesses turning hostile is a major
reason for most acquittals.
4) Tardy (Adjective) – अपेगकत समय से गवलंगबत
Definition: Delaying or delayed beyond the
right or expected time; late.
Synonyms:
Crawling, Creeping, Dallying, Dawdling, Dilatory
Antonyms:
Early, Inopportune, Precocious, Premature
Usage: The tardy judicial process seldom takes
into account the distance they have travelled or
the time they have lost in attending co.urt
5) Pathetic (Adjective) -- दयनीय
Definition: Arousing pity, especially through
vulnerability or sadness.
Synonyms: Pitiful, Pitiable, Moving, Touching,
Poignant
Antonyms: Comical, Cheerful
Usage: As Justice A.K. Sikri points out, the
condition of witnesses in the Indian legal system
is “pathetic”, as it takes them for granted.
6) Gratify (Verb) -- कृ ताथण करना
Definition: give (someone) pleasure or
satisfaction.
Synonyms: please, gladden, delight, make someone feel good, sati
Antonyms: displease,
Usage: It is gratifying that the court has
played a proactive role in getting the Centre and
the States to come up with a concrete proposal.
7) Minutiae (Noun) -- छोटे , सटीक, या मामल ू ी
गववरर

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Definition: The small, precise, or trivial details

of something.
Synonyms: Details, Niceties, Subtleties, Finer
Points, Particulars
Usage: In its minutiae the scheme appears
workable, but its efficacy will be confirmed only
with the passage of time.
8) Competent (Adjective) -- सामथयणवान
Definition: Having the necessary ability,
knowledge, or skill to do something successfully.
Synonyms: Capable, Able, Proficient, Adept,
Adroit.
Antonyms: Incompetent, Inadequate.
Usage: A witness protection order will be
passed by a competent authority.
9) Proximate (Adjective) -- गनकटथथ
Definition: (Especially of the cause of
something) closest in relationship; immediate.
Synonyms: Approaching, Coming,
Forthcoming, Imminent
Antonyms: Bygone, Erstwhile, Foregone,
Former
Usage: Basic features such as in camera trial,
proximate physical protection and
anonymising of testimony and references to
witnesses in the records are not difficult to
implement.
10) Totter (Verb) -- लडखडाते हए ि लना
Definition: move in a feeble or unsteady way.
Synonyms: teeter, walk unsteadily, stagger,
wobble, stumble
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Antonyms: controlled, firm, settled, stable,
steady
Usage: the scheme could help strengthen
India’s tottering criminal justice system.
Editorial 08 – 12 – 2018
1) Extradition (Noun) -- पतयपणर
Definition: The action of extraditing a person
accused or convicted of a crime.
Synonyms:
Deportation, Handover, Repatriation, Refoulem
ent
Antonyms: Hold, Keep
Usage: The extradition to India of British
businessman Christian Michel, alleged to be the
middleman in the AgustaWestland helicopters
case.
2) Fugitive (Adjective) --- करभंगरु
Definition: Quick to disappear; fleeting.
Synonyms: Fleeting, Transient, Transitory,

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Ephemeral,
Antonyms: Permanent, Long-lasting
Usage: Ours is a fugitive life.
3) Amenable (Adjective) – अनुपालन
Definition: Open and responsive to suggestion;
easily persuaded or controlled.
Synonyms: Compliant, Acquiescent, Biddable,
Manageable
Antonyms: Uncooperative
Usage: An easy-going, amenable child.
4) Juncture (Noun) – समय
Definition: A particular point in events or time.
Synonyms: Point, Point in time, Time, Moment
Antonyms: Cleft, Crack, Crevice
Usage: The plane crashed at the juncture of
two mountains.
5) Scrutiny (Noun) -- संवीका
Definition: Critical observation or
examination.
Synonyms: Careful examination, inspection,
survey
Usage: Every aspect of local government was
placed under scrutiny.
6) Strenuous (adjective) – करठन
Definition: Requiring or using great effort or
exertion.
Synonyms: Arduous, Difficult, Hard, Tough,
Taxing
Antonyms: Easy, Effortless, Half-hearted,
Feeble
Usage: The government made strenuous
efforts to upgrade the quality of the teaching
profession.
7) consular (Adjective) -- वागरगययदत ू संबधी
Definition: Relating to the consul or consulate
in a foreign city.
Synonyms: Diplomatic, Valid
Usage: A consular official must interview
applicants.
8) Fragile (Adjective) -- नाज़क
Definition: (of an object) easily broken or
damaged.
Synonyms:
Antonyms:
Usage: She is still very fragile after her ordeal.
9) Flare-up (noun) -- भडकना
Definition: A sudden outburst of something,
especially violence or hostility.
Synonyms: Blow up, Flip (out)
Antonyms: Calm (down), Simmer down
Usage: Naturally I flared up when he insulted
me.
10) Tacit (Adjective) -- अंतरनगहत

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Monthly Editorial
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Definition: Understood or implied without
being stated.
Synonyms: Implicit, Understood, Implied
Antonyms: Explicit, Stated
Usage: Your silence may be taken to mean tacit
agreement.
Editorial 10 – 12 – 2018
1) Scourge (Noun) -- महान कष
Definition: A person or thing that causes great
trouble or suffering.
Synonyms:
Affliction, Bane, Curse, Plague, Menace
Antonyms: Blessing, Godsend
Usage: As an environmental scourge that killed
an estimated 1.24 million people in India in 2017
2) Perennial (Adjective) -- बारहमासी
Definition: Lasting or existing for a long or
apparently infinite time; enduring or continually
recurring.
Synonyms: Everlasting, Perpetual, Eternal
Antonyms: His perennial distrust of the media
Usage: Antiquated, Archaic, Dated, Obsolete
3) Residue (Noun) -- अवशेष
Definition: A small amount of something that
remains after the main part has gone or been
taken or used.
Synonyms: Remainder, Remaining part, Part
leftover
Antonyms: Base, Core, Lack, Necessity
Usage: The fine residue left after the sorting of
tea.
4) Unbridled (Adjective) -- अगनयंगतत;
थवेचछापूरण
Definition: Uncontrolled; Unconstrained
Synonyms: Unrestrained, Unconstrained,
Uncontrolled
Antonyms: Restrained, Controlled
Usage: A moment of unbridled ambition.
5) Ambient (Adjective) -- पररवेश
Definition: Relating to the immediate
surroundings of something.
Synonyms: Atmosphere, Climate, Clime,
Context,
Antonyms: Motionless, Stationary, Still
Usage: The liquid is stored at below ambient
temperature.
6) Notorious (Adjective) -- कु खयात
Definition: Famous or well known, typically for
some bad quality or deed.

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Synonyms: Infamous, Of ill repute, Ill-famed,

Scandalous
Antonyms: Unknown, Anonymous, Faceless
Usage: Los Angeles is notorious for its smog.
7) Morbid (Adjective) -- सगर
Definition: Characterized by an abnormal and
unhealthy interest in disturbing and unpleasant
subjects, especially death and disease.
Synonyms: Ghoulish, Macabre, Unhealthy,
Gruesome
Antonyms: Wholesome
Usage: His morbid fascination with the horrors
of contemporary warfare.
8) Defy (verb) -- अवञा करना
Definition: openly resist or refuse to obey.
Synonyms: Disobey, Refuse to obey, Flout
Antonyms: Obey, Surrender
Usage: A woman who defies convention.
9) Malaise (Noun) -- अथवथथता
Definition: A general feeling of discomfort,
illness, or unease whose exact cause is difficult to
identify.
Synonyms: Unhappiness, Restlessness,
Uneasiness
Antonyms: Comfort, Well-being
Usage: A general air of malaise.
Monthly Editorial
10
10) Keen (Adjective) -- इचछुक
Definition: Having or showing eagerness or
enthusiasm
Synonyms: Eager, Anxious, Impatient,
Determined, Desirous
Antonyms: Reluctant, Apathetic, Half-hearted
Usage: A keen gardener
Editorial 11 – 12 – 2018
1) Clutch (Noun) – छोटा समह ू
Definition: A small group of people or things.
Synonyms: Group, Collection, Set, Quantity
Usage: RBI were engaged in an unseemly tussle
over a clutch of issues that had a bearing on the
RBI’s autonomy.
2) Thaw (Noun) -- गमतता या सौहादण मे वग ृ द
Definition: An increase in friendliness or
cordiality.
Synonyms: Become friendlier, Relax.
Antonyms: Worry
Usage: Mr. Patel’s decision clearly caught
everyone by surprise as it came following
perceptions of a thaw in relations between the
Centre and the RBI.

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3) Endear (Verb) -- आराधय

Definition: Having qualities that tend to make
one loved
Synonyms: Adorable, Darling, Dear,
Disarming
Antonyms: Unloved, Contemptible,
Disagreeable
Usage: Mr. Patel’s reclusive and non
communicative style may not have endeared
him to some bankers.
4) Gauntlet (Noun) – कवव
Definition: Go through an intimidating or
dangerous crowd or experience in order to reach
a goal.
Synonyms: Armor, Challenge, Glove,
Onslaught
Usage: They firmly threw down the gauntlet to
hosts Australia
5) Debilitating (Adjective) -- कमजोरी लाने
वाली
Definition: Tending to weaken something.
Synonyms: Weakening, Enfeebling,
Enervating
Antonyms: Restorative
Usage: That result set a debilitating pattern
and subsequent visits ended up with two grim
realities.
6) Anomaly (Noun) -- गवसंगगत
Definition: something that deviates from what
is standard, normal, or expected.
Synonyms: Oddity, Peculiarity, Abnormality,
Irregularity
Antonyms: Normal, Typical, Regular
Usage: The larger goal now should be to rectify
the other glaring anomaly.
7) Wrest (verb) -- जबरन खीि ना
Definition: Forcibly pull (something) from a
person's grasp.
Synonyms: Wrench, Snatch, Seize, Grab
Antonyms: Reattach
Usage: India’s much anticipated Test tours of
Australia; maiden clashes have mostly been lost,
with the occasional draw wrested by the
visitors.
8) Niggardly (Adjective) -- कृ परता से
Definition: Ungenerous with money, time, etc.;
mean.
Synonyms:
Antonyms:
Usage: He accused the Government of being
unbelievably niggardly.

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Monthly Editorial
11
9) Hinge (Verb) -- गनभणर होना
Definition: Depend entirely on.
Synonyms: Depend, Hang, Rest, Turn, Pivot
Antonyms: Detach
Usage: The ironing board was set into the wall
and hinged at the bottom.
10) Tamper (Verb) -- हथतकेप करना
Definition: Interfere with (something) in order
to cause damage or make unauthorized
alterations.
Synonyms: Interfere, Monkey Around, Meddle, Tinke
Usage: Someone tampered with the brakes of
my car.
Editorial 12 – 12 – 2018
1) Wilderness (Noun) – जंगल
Definition: An uncultivated, uninhabited, and
inhospitable region.
Synonyms: Jungle, Desert, Bundu,
Uninhabited region
Antonyms: City, Metropolis
Usage: For a party that had appeared to be lost
in the political wilderness over the past few
years.
2) Fright (Noun) – भय
Definition: A sudden intense feeling of fear.
Synonyms: Perturbation, Nervousness,
Apprehension
Antonyms: Aplomb, Assurance, Boldness,
Confidence
Usage: Indian voters give Narendra Modi’s BJP
a fright.
3) Fearsome (Adjective) – डरावना
Definition: Frightening, especially in
appearance.
Synonyms: Frightening, Horrifying, Terrifying,
Menacing
Antonyms: Calming, Comforting, Consoling,
Inviting
Usage: Tough results for the ruling party in
state elections foretell a fearsome battle for
national power next year
4) Scads (Noun) – बहतात
Definition: A large number or quantity.
Synonyms: Lots, Scores, Jilion
Antonyms: Little
Usage: Modi’s brand of aggressive Hindu
nationalism plays well, the BJP lost scads of
seats.
5) Punters (Noun) -- जुआरी
Definition: A person who gambles, places a
bet, or makes a risky investment
Synonyms: Gambler, Backer, Staker,

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Speculator
Antonyms: Broker, Merchant, Seller, Vendor
Usage: Madhya Pradesh kept punters
breathless throughout the counting, with neither
of the two big parties securing a majority, but
Congress ahead.
6) Moribund (Adjective) – गगरावट
Definition: (of a thing) in terminal decline;
lacking vitality or vigour.
Synonyms: Declining, Obsolescent
Antonyms:
Usage: A big step forward for a party that
seemed totally moribund only a year ago.
7) Grumbled (Verb) – गशकायत करना
Definition: Complain about something in a
bad-tempered way.
Synonyms: Complain, Moan, Groan, Whine,
Mutter
Antonyms: Compliment, Praise
Usage: Many members had grumbled about
the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
8) Spur (Verb) – पेररा दे ना
Monthly Editorial
12
Definition: Give an incentive or
encouragement to (someone).
Synonyms: Stimulate, Motivating, Galvanize,
inspire
Antonyms: Disincentive, Discouragement
Usage: The promise of economic reforms aimed
at spurring development brought the hope, in
2014.
9) Antiquated (Adjective) -- पाि ीन
Definition: Old-fashioned or outdated.
Synonyms: Outdated, Out of date, Outmoded
Antonyms: Current, Modern, Up to date
Usage: Some of Mr Modi’s many efforts deserve
applause, notably the reform of India’s
antiquated bankruptcy law.
10) Rattle (Verb) – खडखड करना
Definition: Make or cause to make a rapid
succession of short, sharp knocking sounds
Synonyms: Clatter, Bang, Clang, Clank, Clink
Antonyms: Quiet, Silence, Silentness, Still,
Stillness
Usage: Mr Modi’s party is rattled, and can be
expected to adjust its strategy defensively.
Editorial 13 – 12 – 2018
1) Reprieve (Verb) – दणडगवराम होना
Definition: Cancel or postpone the punishment
of

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Synonyms: Save, Rescue, Acquit

Antonyms: Charge, Punish
Usage: British Prime Minister Theresa May won
a temporary reprieve on Wednesday as
Conservative MPs backed her by a majority of 83
in a secret ballot.
2) Reconcile (Noun) -- समाधान करना
Definition: Restore friendly relations between.
Synonyms: Reunite, Bring (back) together
(again)
Usage: The king and the archbishop were
publicly reconciled.
3) Susceptibility (Noun) -- भेदता, संवेदनशीलता
Definition: The state or fact of being likely or
liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular
thing.
Synonyms: Vulnerability, Sensitivity,
Openness
Antonyms: Immunity, Resistance
Usage: Mr. Mallya’s lawyers raised doubts
about the CBI’s independence, its alleged
susceptibility to political interference.
4) Defunct (Adjective) -- गनगररय
Definition: No longer existing or functioning.
Synonyms: Disused, Unused, Inoperative
Antonyms: Working, Extant, Alive, Living
Usage: The now defunct Somerset & Dorset
railway line
5) Portray (Verb) -- तादृश गगतर करना
Definition: Describe (someone or something)
in a particular way.
Synonyms: Describe, Depict, Characterize,
Represent, Delineate
Antonyms: Color, Distort, Falsify, Garble
Usage: The ineffectual Oxbridge dons portrayed
by Evelyn Waugh.
6) Predicament (Noun) -- करठन पररगथथगत
Definition: A difficult, unpleasant, or
embarrassing situation.
Synonyms: Plight, Quandary, Trouble,
Antonyms: Advantage, Agreement, Benefit
Usage: His company’s financial predicament is
due less to the problems that beset the aviation
sector.
7) Profligate (Adjective) -- अपवयी
Definition: Recklessly extravagant or wasteful
in the use of resources.
Monthly Editorial
13
Synonyms: Wasteful, Extravagant, Spendthrift,

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Improvident
Antonyms: Thrifty, Frugal
Usage: Profligate consumers of energy.
8) Flamboyant (Adjective) – गववेकपूरण
Definition: (of a person or their behaviour)
tending to attract attention because of their
exuberance, confidence, and stylishness.
Synonyms: Ostentatious, Exuberant, Confident
Antonyms: Modest, Restrained
Usage: The band's flamboyant lead singer.
9) Disbursement (Noun) -- पगतपूरत
Definition: The payment of money from a
fund.
Synonyms: Payment, expenditure, Disposal,
Outlay
Antonyms: Nonpayment, Underpayment
Usage: They established a committee to
supervise the disbursement of aid.
10) Fugitive (Noun) -- भगोडा
Definition: A person who has escaped from
captivity or is in hiding.
Synonyms: Escapee, Escaper, Runaway,
Deserter
Antonyms: Permanent, Long-lasting
Usage: Fugitives from justice.
Editorial 14 – 12 – 2018
1) Bifurcation (Noun) -- गगभाजन
Definition: The division of something into two
branches or parts.
Synonyms: Break, Break Down, Carve, Cross
Antonyms: Attach, Combine, Fix
Usage: The bifurcation of the profession.
2) Stewardship (Noun) -- परररारक का पद
Definition: The job of supervising or taking
care of something, such as an organization or
property.
Synonyms: Care, Charge, Guidance, Headship
Care, Charge, Guidance, Headship
Antonyms: Ignorance, Neglect, Negligence,
Destruction
Usage: The funding and stewardship of the
NHS.
3) Infighting (Noun) -- अंदरनी कलह
Definition: Hidden conflict or competitiveness
within an organization.
Synonyms: Clash, Collision, Competition,
Contention
Antonyms: Accord, Agreement, Concord
Usage: Infighting between departments grew
worse.
4) Emboldened (Verb) – पोतसागहत करना
Definition: Give (someone) the courage or
confidence to do something.
Synonyms: Encourage, Hearten, Strengthen,

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Fortify
Antonyms: Dishearten, Discourage
Usage: Emboldened by the claret, he pressed
his knee against hers.
5) Curb (verb) – गनयंतर करना
Definition: Restrain or keep in check.
Synonyms: Restrain, Hold back, Keep back,
Hold in, Repress
Antonyms: Release
Usage: She promised she would curb her
temper.
6) Protestation (Noun) – घोषरा
Definition: An emphatic declaration in
response to doubt or accusation.
Synonyms: Declaration, Announcement,
Statement, Profession
Antonyms: Acceptance, Agreement, Allowance
Usage: Her protestations of innocence were in
vain.
Monthly Editorial
14
7) Dilemma (Noun) -- दग ु वधा
Definition: A difficult situation or problem.
Synonyms: Quandary, Predicament, Difficulty
Antonyms: Solution, Advantage, Benefit
Usage: The insoluble dilemma of adolescence.
8) Dispense (Verb) – आवंरटत करना
Definition: Give special exemption from (a law
or rule).
Synonyms: Allocate, Allot, Apportion, Assign,
Bestow
Antonyms: Collect, Include, Keep
Usage: The Secretary of State was empowered
to dispense with the nationality requirement in
individual cases.
9) Paraphrase (Verb) -- संगकप वाखया करना
Definition: Express the meaning of (something
written or spoken) using different words,
especially to achieve greater clarity.
Synonyms: Reword, Rephrase
Antonyms: Copy, Transcript, Transcription
Usage: You can either quote or paraphrase
literary texts.
10) Referendum (Noun) -- जनमत संगह
Definition: A general vote by the electorate on
a single political question which has been
referred to them for a direct decision.
Synonyms: Plebiscite, Popular Vote, Ballot,
Poll
Usage: He called for a referendum on the death
penalty.

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Editorial 15 – 12 – 2018
1) Unceremonious (Adjective) -- अमानवीय
गशषाि ार
Definition: Having or showing a lack of
courtesy; rough or abrupt.
Synonyms: Abrupt, Sudden, Hasty, Hurried
Antonyms: Polite, Formal
Usage: He was known for his strong views and
unceremonious manners.
2) Prorogue (Verb) -- थथगगत करना
Definition: (Discontinue a session of (a
parliament or other legislative assembly)
without dissolving it.
Synonyms: Adjourn, Prorogate, Recess,
Suspend
Antonyms: Inaugurate, Launch, Open
Usage:
3) Lofty (Adjective) -- ऊं ि ा
Definition: Of imposing height.
Synonyms: Tall, High, Giant, Towering
Antonyms: Low, Short
Usage: The elegant square was shaded by lofty
palms.
4) Deflationary (Adjective) -- अपथफीगतकर
Definition: Characterized by or tending to
cause economic deflation.
Synonyms: Bankruptcy, Collapse, Decline,
Deflation
Antonyms: Increase, Rise, Success
Usage: The deflation of the illusion that the
1960s were a perpetual party.
5) Quandary (Noun) -- दग ु वधा, दद
ु णशा
Definition: A state of perplexity or uncertainty
over what to do in a difficult situation.
Synonyms: Dilemma, Plight, Predicament
Antonyms: Breeze, Cinch, Duck Soup, Snap
Usage: A legal quandary.
6) Interim (Noun) -- अंतररम
Definition: The intervening time.
Synonyms: Meantime, Meanwhile
Antonyms: Permanent
Usage: In the interim I'll just keep my fingers
crossed.
Monthly Editorial
15
7) Steadfast (Adjective) – वफादार या दृढ
Definition: Resolutely or dutifully firm and
unwavering.
Synonyms: Loyal, Faithful, Committed
Antonyms: Disloyal, Irresolute

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Usage: Steadfast loyalty

8) Spiral (Noun) -- कुं डगलत
Definition: a progressive rise or fall of prices,
wages, etc.,
Synonyms: Coil, Helix, Curl, Corkscrew,
Antonyms: Fall
Usage: A spiral of smoke
9) Multilateral (Adjective) -- बहपकीय
Definition: Agreed upon or participated in by
three or more parties, especially the
governments of different countries.
Synonyms: Balance of trade, Fair-trading,
Managed prices
Antonyms: Unilateral
Usage: Multilateral negotiations.
10) Unfettered (Adjective) -- अगनयंगतत,
अपगतबंगधत
Definition: Not confined or restricted.
Synonyms: Unrestrained, Unrestricted,
Unconstrained, Free, Unbridled
Antonyms: Restricted, Fettered
Usage: His imagination is unfettered by the
laws of logic.
Editorial 17 – 12 – 2018
1) Err (Verb) -- गलती होना
Definition: Be mistaken or incorrect; make a
mistake.
Synonyms: Misjudge, Mistake, Blunder,
Antonyms: Innocent, Well behaved
Usage: The judge had erred in ruling that the
evidence was inadmissible.
2) Mould (Verb) -- गठन या गवकास पर पभाव
डालना
Definition: Influence the formation or
development of.
Synonyms: Determine, Direct, Control, Guide,
Lead, Influence
Usage: These choices may have signalled a
readiness to be bold and break the old mould.
3) Mockery (Noun) -- थवांग
Definition: An absurd misrepresentation or
imitation of something.
Synonyms: Travesty, Charade, Farce, Parody,
laughing stock
Antonyms: Honesty, Openness, Truth, Flattery
Usage: Members of the Congress Legislature
Party in the three States left the choice to
Congress president Rahul Gandhi, making a
mockery of democratic conventions.
4) Opaque (Adjective) -- अपारदशी
Definition: Not able to be seen through; not
transparent.
Synonyms: Non-transparent, Cloudy, Filmy,

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Blurred
Antonyms: Transparent, Translucent, Clear
Usage: Closed-door discussions and opaque
deal-making preceded the final announcement
of the nominees, to be elected “unanimously” in
another meeting of the CLP.
5) Dynamism (Noun) -- गगतकता
Definition: The quality of being characterized
by vigorous activity and progress.
Synonyms: Energy, Spirit, Liveliness,
Zestfulness, Vitality, Vigour
Antonyms: Lethargy, Listlessness,
Sluggishness, Torpidity
Usage: The Congress leadership has opted in
the end for experience over youthful
dynamism.
Monthly Editorial
16
6) Euphemism (Noun) -- पेयोगग
Definition: A mild or indirect word or
expression substituted for one considered to be
too harsh or blunt when referring to something
unpleasant or embarrassing.
Synonyms: Polite term, Substitute, Mild
alternative, Indirect term, Understatement
Antonyms: Dysphemism
Usage: A good way to start would be by
decentralising power and not concentrating it in
the so-called high command, a feeble
euphemism for the Nehru-Gandhi family.
7) Blockade (Verb) – नाकाबंदी करना
Definition: Seal off (a place) to prevent goods
or people from entering or leaving.
Synonyms: Barricade, Close up, Block off, Shut
off, Seal, Bar; Besiege
Antonyms: Reopen, Unblock, Unbolt
Usage: Qatar, blockaded by three GCC
countries, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Bahrain.
8) Embargo (Noun) -- घाटबंधी
Definition: An official ban on trade or other
commercial activity with a particular country.
Synonyms: Ban, Interdict, Interdiction,
Prohibition, Proscription, Veto
Antonyms: Prescription, Sufferance,
Tolerance, Toleration
Usage: Saudi Arabia is upset that Oman and
Kuwait did not join the embargo.
9) Dampen (Verb) -- आरण करना
Definition: Make slightly wet.
Synonyms: Moisten, Damp, Wet, Dew, Water
Antonyms: Dry, Drench
Usage: The intra-Gulf quarrels have

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dampened hopes for the integration of the

region.
10) Customary (Adjective) -- पथागत
Definition: According to the customs or usual
practices associated with a particular society,
place, or set of circumstances.
Synonyms: Usual, Traditional, Normal,
Conventional
Antonyms: Unusual, Exceptional, Rare
Usage: The GCC issued a customary
statement, emphasising regional stability and
economic challenges.
Editorial 18 – 12 – 2018
1) Flaws (Noun)
Definition: a mark, blemish, or other
imperfection which mars a substance or object.
Synonyms: defect, blemish, fault,
imperfection, deficiency, weakness, weak
spot/point, inadequacy
Antonyms: strong, strength, power.
Usage: a flaw in the glass
2) Reignites (Verb)
Definition: ignite or cause to ignite again.
Synonyms: begin, start up, take fire, kindle
Antonyms: cool, put off, dull.
Usage: oven burners automatically reignite if
blown out
3) Absurdity (Noun)
Definition: the quality or state of being
ridiculous or wildly unreasonable.
Synonyms:
Preposterousness, Ridiculousness, Ludicrousnes
s, Absurdness,
Farcicality, Risibility.
Antonyms: Reasonableness, Sense
Usage: Duncan laughed at the absurdity of the
situation
4) Mystifying (Verb)
Definition: utterly bewilder or perplex
(someone).
Monthly Editorial
17
Synonyms:
Bewilder, Puzzle, Perplex, Baffle, Confuse, Confo
und, Bemuse, Obfuscate, Nonplus, Throw, Get
Antonyms: clear, help, clarify.
Usage: I was completely mystified by his
disappearance
5) Sporadic (Adjective)
Definition: occurring at irregular intervals or
only in a few places; scattered or isolated.
Synonyms:
Occasional, Infrequent, Irregular, Periodical, Per

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iodic, Scattered, Patchy,

Isolated, Odd, Uneven
Antonyms: Frequent, Regular, Steady,
Continuous
Usage: sporadic fighting broke out
6) Acquitted (Verb)
Definition: Free (someone) from a criminal
charge by a verdict of not guilty.
Synonyms:
Absolve, Clear, Exonerate, Exculpate, Declare
Innocent, Find Innocent, Pronounce not guilty
Antonyms: Convict, Accuse, Punish.
Usage: She was acquitted on all counts
7) Testimony (Noun)
Definition: Evidence or proof of something.
Synonyms: Testament, Proof, Evidence,
Attestation, Witness
Antonyms: Refutation, Contradiction,
Disproof, Confutation, Contravention,
Invalidation
Usage: His blackened finger was testimony to
the fact that he had played in pain
8) Instigating (Verb)
Definition: Bring about or initiate (an action or
event).
Synonyms: Set in motion, Put in motion, Get
under way, Get going, Get off the ground, Get in
operation
Antonyms: Discourage, Deter, Halt, Stop,
Depress.
Usage: They instigated a reign of terror
9) Acquittal (Noun)
Definition: A written statement confirmed by
oath or affirmation, for use as evidence in court.
Synonyms: Written, Proof, Oath.
Antonyms: Oral
Usage: A former employee swore an affidavit
relating to his claim for unfair dismissal
10) Patronage (Noun)
Definition: the power to control appointments
to office or the right to privileges.
Synonyms: power of appointment, right of
appointment, favouritism, nepotism,
partisanship, partiality
Antonyms:
Usage: Recruits are selected on merit, not
through political patronage
11) Genocide (Noun)
Definition: The deliberate killing of a large
group of people, especially those of a particular
nation or ethnic group.
Synonyms: Racial killing, Massacre, Wholesale
slaughter, Mass slaughter, Wholesale killing,
Indiscriminate killing
Antonyms: Protect, Save.
Usage: A campaign of genocide
Editorial 19 – 12 – 2018

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1) Avert (Verb) -- टालना

Definition: Turn away (one's eyes or thoughts).
Synonyms: Prevent, Stop, Avoid
Antonyms: Abet, Aid, Assist
Monthly Editorial
18
Usage: The strong support among citizens of all
countries for urgent action to avert dangerous
climate change.
2) Peg (verb) – खूंटी करना
Definition: An individual part of a process,
series, or ranking.
Synonyms: Chapter, Cut, Degree, Grade, Inch
Antonyms: Confuse, Disarrange, Jumble
Usage: The UNFCCC has a long road ahead
before carbon emissions can be pegged at levels
flagged by scientists.
3) Stark (Adjective) -- गनरा
Definition: Harsh and threatening in manner
or appearance
Synonyms: Austere, Dour, Fierce, Flinty,
Forbidding
Antonyms: Bland, Meek, Mellow, Soft,
Soothing
Usage: Recently, the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (IPCC), in a special report,
issued a stark warning on man-made emissions.
4) Reliance (Noun) -- गनभणरता
Definition: Dependence on or trust in someone
or something.
Synonyms: Dependence, Mainstay, Pillar,
Standby
Antonyms: Independence, Independency, Self
dependence, Self-reliance
Usage: Scaling up solar and wind power in line
with the goal of reaching 175 GW of renewable
energy by 2022, steadily reducing reliance on
coal.
5) Complacency (Noun) -- आतमतुगष
Definition: A feeling of smug or uncritical
satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements.
Synonyms: Smugness, Self-satisfaction, Self
approval
Antonyms: Dissatisfaction
Usage: The prospect of increased frequency and
intensity of extreme weather events and sea level
rise in a warming world affecting small island
states allows little room for complacency.
6) Blaze (Noun) -- भडकना
Definition: A sudden intense expression of
strong feeling.

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Synonyms: Agony, Burst, Ebullition, Eruption,

Explosion
Antonyms: Blackness, Dark, Darkness,
Dimness, Dusk
Usage: Twenty firemen fought the blaze.
7) Negligent (Adjective) -- लापरवाह
Definition: Failing to take proper care over
something.
Synonyms: Careless, Remiss, Neglectful
Antonyms: Careful, Attentive, Conscientious
Usage: The council had been negligent in its
supervision of the children in care.
8) Adverse (Adjective) -- गवपरीत
Definition: Preventing success or development,
harmful
Inauspicious
Friendly
Usage: Taxes are having an adverse effect on
production.
9) Combustible (Adjective) -- दहनशील
Definition: Able to catch fire and burn easily.
Synonyms: Inflammable, Flammable,
Incendiary
Antonyms: Incombustible
Usage: A combustible gas.
10) Evacuate (Verb) – खाली करना
Definition: To remove the contents of
Synonyms: Clear, Empty, Vacate, Void
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19
Antonyms: Fill, Load
Usage: Evacuate the cupboards completely
before spraying the insecticide.
Editorial 20 – 12 – 2018
1) Dismal (Adjective) – गनराशजनक
Definition: Causing a mood of gloom or
depression.
Synonyms: Dingy, Dim, Dark, Gloomy,
Sombre, Drear
Antonyms: Bright, Cheerful
Usage: The dismal weather made the late
afternoon seem like evening.
2) Accretion (Noun) -- अगभवग ृ द
Definition: Growth or increase by the gradual
accumulation of additional layers or matter.
Synonyms: Accumulation, Collecting,
Gathering
Antonyms: Deduction, Subtraction
Usage: A thick accretion of ice in a freezer that

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obviously had not been cleaned for some time.

3) Lend (Verb) – योगदान दे ना
Definition: Contribute or add (a quality) to.
Synonyms: Add, Impart, Give, Bestow
Antonyms: Detract
Usage: The smile lent his face a boyish charm
4) Implicit (Adjective) – गनगहत
Definition: Suggested though not directly
expressed.
Synonyms: Implied, Indirect, Inferred,
Understood
Antonyms: Explicit, Direct
Usage: Comments seen as implicit criticism of
the policies.
5) Uphill (Adjective) – ऊपर की ओर
Definition: Sloping upwards.
Synonyms: Upward, Rising, Ascending,
Climbing, Arduous, Difficult, Hard, Tough
Antonyms: Easy, Downhill
Usage: The journey is slightly uphill.
6) Garner (Verb) -- संगगत करना
Definition: gather or collect (something,
especially information or approval).
Synonyms: Gather, Collect, Accumulate
Antonyms: Spread
Usage: The police struggled to garner
sufficient evidence.
7) Diversify (Verb) -- वैगवधय लाना
Definition: Make or become more diverse or
varied.
Synonyms: Branch out, Vary output, Expand
Antonyms: Continue, Keep, Remain, Stay
Usage: The trilobites diversified into a great
number of specie.
8) Sustainable (Adjective) -- धाररीय
Definition: Able to be maintained at a certain
rate or level.
Synonyms: Defendable, Defensible, Justifiable,
Maintainable
Antonyms: Indefensible, Insupportable,
Unjustifiable
Usage: A line of argument that is probably not
sustainable in a public forum against skilled
debaters.
9) Patronage (Noun) -- सरपरथती
Definition: The power to control appointments
to office or the right to privileges.
Synonyms: Favouritism, Nepotism,
Partisanship
Usage: Recruits are selected on merit, not
through political patronage.
10) Incumbency (Noun) -- ववनबदता
Definition: The holding of an office or the
period during which one is held.

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Monthly Editorial
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Synonyms: Burden, Charge, Commitment,
Devoir
Antonyms: Grace, Postponement, Stay
Usage: Few incumbencies of her office are as
distasteful to the college president as fund
raising, of which there seems to be no end.
Editorial 21 – 12 – 2018
1) Plight (Noun) – दद ु णशा
Definition: A dangerous, difficult, or otherwise
unfortunate situation.
Synonyms: Condition, Predicament, Quandary,
Trouble
Antonyms: Advantage, Solution, Benefit
Usage: The plight of the young man, who had
crossed over into Pakistan from Afghanistan in
2012.
2) Befriend (Verb) -- गमतवत ववहार करना
Definition: Act as or become a friend to
(someone), especially when they are in need of
help or support.
Synonyms: Encourage, Sustain, Uphold,
Succour
Antonyms: Snub, Reject
Usage: He makes a point of befriending
newcomers to Parliament
3) Espionage (Noun) – जासस ू ी
Definition: The practice of spying or of using
spies, typically by governments to obtain
political and military information.
Synonyms: Surveillance, Reconnaissance,
Intelligence
Usage: The acts of espionage on behalf of the
Confederacy carried on by Belle Boyd and Rose
Greenhow.
4) Blatant (Adjective) – आकषणक
Definition: (of bad behaviour) done openly and
unashamedly.
Synonyms: Flagrant, Glaring, Obvious,
Undisguised
Antonyms: Inconspicuous, Subtle
Usage: She forced herself to resist his blatant
charm.
5) Vindictive (Adjective) -- पगतहहसातमक
Definition: Having or showing a strong or
unreasoning desire for revenge.
Synonyms: Revengeful, , Unforgiving ,
Venomous, Poisonous, Malicious
Antonyms: Forgiving
Usage: The criticism was both vindictive and
personalized

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6) Immaterial
Definition: Unimportant under the
circumstances; irrelevant.
Synonyms: Irrelevant, Unimportant,
Inconsequential, Insignificant
Antonyms: Important, Significant
Usage: The difference in our ages is immaterial
7) Scathing (Adjective) -- बेहद घग
ृ रत
Definition: Witheringly scornful; severely
critical.
Synonyms: Devastating, Withering, Blistering
Antonyms: Mild, Gentle, Complimentary
Usage: She launched a scathing attack on the
Prime Minister.
8) Insurrection (Noun) – बगावत या गवरोह
Definition: Rebellion, Revolt, Uprising,
Mutiny, Revolution
Synonyms: Insurgence, Insurgency, Mutiny,
Outbreak
Antonyms: Counterinsurgency,
Counterrevolution
Usage: The insurrection was savagely put down.
9) Revoke (Verb) -- पगतसंहरर करना
Monthly Editorial
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Definition: Officially cancel (a decree, decision,
or promise).
Synonyms: Cancel, Repeal, Rescind, Reverse,
Abrogate
Antonyms: Introduce, Enact, Ratify
Usage: The men appealed and the sentence was
revoked
10) Deplorable (Adjective) – अपमानजनक
Definition: Deserving strong condemnation;
completely unacceptable.
Synonyms: Disgraceful, Shameful,
Dishonorable, Disreputable
Antonyms: Admirable
Usage: Children living in deplorable conditions.
Editorial 22 – 12 – 2018
1) Rattle (Verb) – हहगतत करना
Definition: Make (someone) nervous, worried,
or irritated
Antonyms: Quietude, Serenity, Tranquility
Usage: Donald Trump’s decision to pull U.S.
troops out of Syria has rattled his team and his
allies.
2) Unfazed (Adjective) – गवकृ त नही होना
Definition: Not disconcerted or perturbed.
Synonyms: Undaunted, Unperturbed, Calm
Antonyms: Anxious, Perturbed, Upset,

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Worried
Usage: Mr. Trump, however, appears unfazed.
3) Caliphate (Noun) -- खलीफा
Definition: The rule or reign of a caliph or chief
Muslim ruler.
Synonyms: Czar, Emperor, King
Antonyms: Commoner, Subject
Usage: Now he claims that the physical
infrastructure of the IS caliphate is destroyed
and the U.S.
4) Remnant (Noun) -- अंगतमांश
Definition: A part or quantity that is left after
the greater part has been used, removed, or
destroyed.
Synonyms: Remains, Remainder, Leftovers,
Leavings
Antonyms: Whole, Base, Core, Lack
Usage: can leave the war against the remnants
of the jihadist group to the Syrian government
and its main backers, Russia and Iran.
5) Confined (Adjective) -- परररद
Definition: (of a space) restricted in area or
volume; cramped.
Synonyms: Cramped, Constricted, Restricted,
Limited
Antonyms: Open, Roomy
Usage: The IS has lost 95% of the territory it
once controlled and is now confined to narrow
pockets on the Iraqi-Syrian border.
6) Abrupt (Adjective) -- िअ ानक और अपतयागशत
Definition: Sudden and unexpected.
Synonyms: Sudden, Immediate, Instantaneous
Antonyms: Gradual, Unhurried
Usage: The cost of being so abrupt is that it
leaves a dangerous vacuum in northeastern
Syria.
7) Impulsive (Adjective) -- आवेगशील
Definition: Acting or done without
forethought.
Synonyms: Impetuous, Spontaneous, Hasty,
Passionate
Antonyms: Cautious, Premeditated
Usage: They'd married as impulsive
teenagers.
8) Inextricable (Adjective) – उलझा हआ
Definition: Impossible to disentangle or
Synonyms: Unnerve, Disconcert, Disturb,

Fluster, Shake
Monthly Editorial
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separate.

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Synonyms: Inseparable, Indivisible, Entangled,

Tangled
Usage: The past and the present are
inextricable.
9) Concede (Verb) – थवीकार करना
Definition: Admit or agree that something is
true after first denying or resisting it.
Synonyms: Admit, Acknowledge, Accept,
Allow, Grant
Antonyms: Deny
Usage: I had to concede that I'd overreacted.
10) Foreword (Noun) -- पाकथन
Definition: A short introduction to a book,
typically by a person other than the author.
Synonyms: Preface, Introduction, Prologue,
Preamble
Antonyms: Aftermath, Cessation, Close
Usage: The editor makes some good points in
the foreword about the author's life, so be sure
to read it.
Editorial 23 – 12 – 2018
1) Rattle (Verb) – हहगतत करना
Definition: Make (someone) nervous, worried,
or irritated
Antonyms: Quietude, Serenity, Tranquility
Usage: Donald Trump’s decision to pull U.S.
troops out of Syria has rattled his team and his
allies.
2) Unfazed (Adjective) – गवकृ त नही होना
Definition: Not disconcerted or perturbed.
Synonyms: Undaunted, Unperturbed, Calm
Antonyms: Anxious, Perturbed, Upset,
Worried
Usage: Mr. Trump, however, appears unfazed.
3) Caliphate (Noun) -- खलीफा
Definition: The rule or reign of a caliph or chief
Muslim ruler.
Synonyms: Czar, Emperor, King
Antonyms: Commoner, Subject
Usage: Now he claims that the physical
infrastructure of the IS caliphate is destroyed
and the U.S.
4) Remnant (Noun) -- अंगतमांश
Definition: A part or quantity that is left after
the greater part has been used, removed, or
destroyed.
Synonyms: Remains, Remainder, Leftovers,
Leavings
Antonyms: Whole, Base, Core, Lack
Usage: can leave the war against the remnants
of the jihadist group to the Syrian government
and its main backers, Russia and Iran.
5) Confined (Adjective) -- परररद
Definition: (of a space) restricted in area or

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volume; cramped.
Synonyms: Cramped, Constricted, Restricted,
Limited
Antonyms: Open, Roomy
Usage: The IS has lost 95% of the territory it
once controlled and is now confined to narrow
pockets on the Iraqi-Syrian border.
6) Abrupt (Adjective) -- िअ ानक और अपतयागशत
Definition: Sudden and unexpected.
Synonyms: Sudden, Immediate, Instantaneous
Antonyms: Gradual, Unhurried
Usage: The cost of being so abrupt is that it
leaves a dangerous vacuum in northeastern
Syria.
7) Impulsive (Adjective) -- आवेगशील
Definition: Acting or done without
forethought.
Synonyms: Impetuous, Spontaneous, Hasty,
Synonyms: Unnerve, Disconcert, Disturb,

Fluster, Shake
Monthly Editorial
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Passionate
Antonyms: Cautious, Premeditated
Usage: They'd married as impulsive
teenagers.
8) Inextricable (Adjective) – उलझा हआ
Definition: Impossible to disentangle or
separate.
Synonyms: Inseparable, Indivisible, Entangled,
Tangled
Usage: The past and the present are
inextricable.
9) Concede (Verb) – थवीकार करना
Definition: Admit or agree that something is
true after first denying or resisting it.
Synonyms: Admit, Acknowledge, Accept,
Allow, Grant
Antonyms: Deny
Usage: I had to concede that I'd overreacted.
10) Foreword (Noun) -- पाकथन
Definition: A short introduction to a book,
typically by a person other than the author.
Synonyms: Preface, Introduction, Prologue,
Preamble
Antonyms: Aftermath, Cessation, Close
Usage: The editor makes some good points in
the foreword about the author's life, so be sure
to read it.
Editorial 24 – 12 – 2018
1) Consolation (Noun) -- सांतवना

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Definition: The comfort received by a person

after a loss or disappointment.
Synonyms: Comfort, Solace; Sympathy,
Compassion
Antonyms: Anguish, Distress, Heartache
Usage: The consolation of the grieving family
by their pastor.
2) Exoneration (Noun) – दोषमुगग
Definition: The action of officially absolving
someone from blame; vindication.
Synonyms:
Antonyms: Conviction, Blaming, Liability
Usage: The defendants' eventual exoneration.
3) Restrictive (Adjective) -- पगतबंधक
Definition: Imposing restrictions on someone's
activities or freedom.
Synonyms: Cap, Circumscribe, Confine
Antonyms: Broaden, Expand, Widen
Usage: A web of restrictive regulations
4) Rein (verb) -- संयम करना
Definition: Keep under control; restrain.
Synonyms: Restrain, Check, Curb, Constrain,
Antonyms: Helplessness, Weakness
Usage: After the president resigned, the vice
president stepped in and took the reins of the
company.
5) Rebuff (Verb) -- अथवीकार करना
Definition: Reject (someone or something) in
an abrupt or ungracious manner.
Synonyms: Reject, Turn Down, Spurn, Refuse,
Decline
Antonyms: Accept, Welcome
Usage: I asked her to be my wife, and was
rebuffed in no uncertain terms
6) Catastrophe – तबाही
Definition: An event causing great and usually
sudden damage or suffering; a disaster.
Synonyms: Disaster, Calamity, Cataclysm,
Crisis
Antonyms: Salvation, Godsend
Usage: An environmental catastrophe.
7) Insouciance (Noun) -- उदासीनता
Monthly Editorial
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Definition: Casual lack of concern;
indifference.
Synonyms: Nonchalance, Unconcern
Antonyms: Anxiety, Concern
Usage: An impression of boyish insouciance.
8) Exodus (Noun) -- सामग ू हक पथथान
Definition: A mass departure of people.

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Synonyms: Mass Departure, Withdrawal,

Evacuation.
Antonyms: Arrival
Usage: The annual exodus of sun-seeking
Canadians to Florida.
9) Tweak (Verb) -- मोड दे ना
Definition: Twist or pull (something) sharply.
Synonyms: Tease, Twist, Jerk, Pinch
Usage: He tweaked the boy's ear
10) Behest (Noun) – आञा
Definition: A person's orders or command.
Synonyms: Instruction, Bidding, Request,
Requirement
Antonyms: Appeal, Entreaty, Petition, Plea,
Usage: I only made the change at the author's
behest.
Editorial 25 – 12 – 2018
1) Malign (Adjective) – दष ु
Definition: Evil in nature or effect.
Synonyms: Harmful, Evil, Bad, Baleful, Hostile
Antonyms: Beneficial
Usage: She had a strong and malign influence.
2) Faraway (Adjective) -- सुदरू
Definition: Distant in space or time.
Synonyms: Distant, Far Off, Far
Antonyms: Nearby, Neighbouring
Usage: Exotic and faraway locations
3) Tantrum (Noun) – गुथसे का आवेश
Definition: An uncontrolled outburst of anger
and frustration, typically in a young child.
Synonyms: Fit, Outburst, Flare-up, Blow-up,
Pet
Antonyms: Happiness, Peace, Calm
Usage: He has temper tantrums if he can't get
his own way
4) Palpable (Adjective) -- बोधगमय
Definition: (of a feeling or atmosphere) so
intense as to seem almost tangible.
Synonyms: Perceptible, Perceivable, Visible,
Noticeable, Appreciable
Antonyms: Intangible, Imperceptible
Usage: A palpable sense of loss.
5) Fraught (Adjective) -- हहताजनक
Definition: Causing or affected by anxiety or
stress.
Synonyms: Anxious, Worried, Upset,
Distraught
Antonyms: Clam
Usage: There was a fraught silence.
6) Stymie (Verb) – पगगत को रोकना
Definition: Prevent or hinder the progress of.
Synonyms: Impede, Interfere with, Hamper,
Hinder, Obstruct
Antonyms: Assist, Help

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Usage: The changes must not be allowed to

stymie new medical treatments.
7) Retaliation (Noun) – पगतशोध
Definition: The action of returning a military
attack; counter-attack.
Synonyms: Revenge, Vengeance, Reprisal,
Retribution
Antonyms: Clemency, Grace, Leniency, Lenity,
Mercy
Usage: The bombings are believed to be in
retaliation for the trial of 15 suspects
Monthly Editorial
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8) Covert (Adjective) – पचछन या गुप
Definition: Not openly acknowledged or
displayed.
Synonyms: Secret, Furtive, Clandestine,
Surreptitious,
Antonyms: Overt, Above Board
Usage: Covert operations against the
dictatorship.
9) Prudent (Adjective) – गववेकी
Definition: Acting with or showing care and
thought for the future.
Synonyms: Wise, Well Judged, Judicious,
Sagacious, Sage
Antonyms: Unwise, Imprudent, Incautious,
Extravagant
Usage: No prudent money manager would
authorize a loan without first knowing its
purpose.
10) Apparent (Adjective) – थपष
Definition: Clearly visible or understood;
obvious.
Synonyms: Evident, Plain, Obvious, Clear,
Manifest,
Antonyms: Unclear, Obscure
Usage: For no apparent reason she laughed.
Editorial 26 – 12 – 2018
1) Deplorable (Adjective) -- गवकट पररगथथगतयो
Definition: Deserving strong condemnation;
completely unacceptable.
Synonyms: Disgraceful, Shameful,
Dishonourable,
Antonyms: Admirable
Usage: Children living in deplorable
conditions
2) Repercussion (Noun) – पगतहदया
Definition: An unintended consequence of an
event or action, especially an unwelcome one.
Synonyms: Consequence, Result, Effect,

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Outcome
Antonyms: Helplessness, Impotence,
Impotency, Powerlessness
Usage: The move would have grave
repercussions for the entire region.
3) Acrimonious (Adjective) – कडवा या भदा
Definition: (Typically of speech or discussion)
angry and bitter.
Synonyms: Bitter, Rancorous, Caustic, Acerbic
Antonyms: Caring, Forgiving, Gentle, Unbitter
Usage: An acrimonious dispute about wages.
4) Impunity (Noun) -- दणड मुगग
action.
Usage: The impunity enjoyed by military
officers implicated in civilian killings.
5) Intimidatory (Adjective) – िआामक
Definition:
Synonyms: Alarming, Dangerous, Frightening
Antonyms: Remote, Aiding, Assisting
Usage: The intimidatory power of the mob
made itself felt once again when the Ajmer
Literature Festival abruptly cancelled veteran
actor Naseeruddin Shah’s keynote address.
6) Intricate (Adjective) -- पेि ीदा
Definition: Very complicated or detailed.
Synonyms: Complex, Complicated,
Convoluted, Tangled
Antonyms: Simple, Straightforward
Usage: An intricate network of canals.
7) Hound (Verb) – उतपीडन करना
Definition: Harass, persecute, or pursue
relentlessly.
Monthly Editorial
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Synonyms: Harass, Persecute, Harry, Pester,
Bother, Trouble.
Antonyms: Leave in peace
Usage: She was hounded by the Italian press.
8) Diktat (Noun) – फरमान
Definition: An order or decree imposed by
someone in power without popular consent.
Synonyms: Bull, Decree, Directive, Edict, Fiat
Usage: Governments have often given in to the
mob’s diktats, either as the easy way out or for
political signalling.
9) Vigilante (Noun) -- सतकण ताओ
Definition: one who inflicts punishment in

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return for an injury or offense

Synonyms: Avenger, Castigator, Chastiser
Antonyms: Ransomer, Redeemer, Vindicator
Usage: The danger of these self-appointed
vigilantes is that they sometimes go after
innocent people.
10) Outburst (Noun) – पकोप
Definition: A sudden release of strong
emotion.
Synonyms: Eruption, Explosion, Burst,
Outbreak
Antonyms: Implosion
Usage: Amid the acrimonious outburst against
him, no one cares to listen.
Editorial 27 – 12 – 2018
1) Rigour (Noun) – सावधानी
Definition: The quality of being extremely
thorough and careful.
Synonyms: Meticulousness, Thoroughness,
Carefulness
Antonyms: Carelessness
Usage: His analysis is lacking in rigour.
2) Requisition (Noun) -- आवशयकता
Definition: Something that someone insists
upon having
Synonyms: Claim, Demand, Dun, Importunity,
Ultimatum
Antonyms:
Usage: A brand-new, top-notch computer was
the new science teacher’s first requisition.
3) Remunerative (Adjective) -- आरथक रप से
पुरथकृ त
Definition: Financially rewarding; lucrative.
Synonyms: Lucrative, Well Paid
Antonyms: Disadvantageous, Unfavorable
Usage: Made a highly remunerative
investment that will end up paying my college
tuition.
4) Unscrupulous (Adjective) --नीगतञानहीन
Definition: Having or showing no moral
principles; not honest or fair.
Synonyms: Unprincipled, Unethical, Immoral,
Amoral,
Antonyms: Ethical, Honest
Usage: Unscrupulous landlords might be
tempted to harass existing tenants.
5) Colloquial (Adjective) – बोमलाल की शैली
Definition: (of language) used in ordinary or
familiar conversation; not formal or literary.
Synonyms: Informal, Conversational,
Everyday, Casual
Antonyms: Literary, Formal
Usage: Colloquial and everyday language
6) Subtlety (Noun) -- सक ू मता

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Definition: A subtle distinction, feature, or

argument.
Synonyms: Delicacy, Delicateness, Subtleness
Antonyms: Slow-wittedness, Dullness,
Crudeness
Monthly Editorial
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Usage: we appreciated the subtlety with which
our host indicated that it was time to leave: he
volunteered to pack us a little lunch for the road.
7) Coherent (Adjective) -- सुसंबद
Definition: (of an argument, theory, or policy)
logical and consistent.
Synonyms: Logical, Reasoned, Reasonable
Antonyms: Incoherent, Muddled
Usage: They failed to develop a coherent
economic strategy.
8) Disinclination (Noun) -- अगनचछुकता
Definition: A reluctance or lack of enthusiasm.
Synonyms: Reluctance, Unwillingness, Lack Of
Enthusiasm, Indisposition, Slowness
Antonyms: Inclination, Enthusiasm
Usage: Lucy felt a strong disinclination to
talk about her engagement
9) Betray (Verb) – पकट करना
Definition: Expose (one's country, a group, or a
person) to danger by treacherously giving
information to an enemy.
Synonyms: Reveal, Disclose, Divulge
Antonyms: Conceal, Hide
Usage: Many of those employed by diplomats
betrayed secrets.
10) Remnant (Noun) -- अवशेष
Definition: A remaining group or portion.
Synonyms: Balance, Leavings, Leftovers
Antonyms: Body, Bulk, Main, Mass
Usage: Sailed home with just a remnant of the
colonyʼs original population aboard
Editorial 28 – 12 – 2018
1) High-handed (Adjective) -- उच-थतरीयता
Definition: Having a feeling of superiority that
shows itself in an overbearing attitude
Synonyms: Arrogant, Assumptive, Bumptious,
Cavalier
Antonyms: Humble, Lowly, Modest,
Unarrogant, Unpretentious
Usage: Bangladesh goes to the polls amid
allegations of high-handedness by the
government
2) Canorous (Adjective) -- शग ु तमधरु
Definition: Having a pleasing mixture of notes

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Synonyms: Euphonic, Euphonious,

Harmonious, Harmonizing
Antonyms: Discordant, Disharmonious,
Dissonant
Usage: A canorous chorus of birdsong filled
the morning air
3) Formidable (Adjective) -- दज ु ेय
Definition: Inspiring fear or respect through
being impressively large, powerful, intense, or
capable.
Synonyms: Intimidating, Forbidding,
Redoubtable, Daunting
Antonyms: Pleasant-looking, Comforting,
Easy, Weak
Usage: A formidable opponent.
4) Tumultuous (Adjective) – कोलाहल
Definition: Making an uproar or loud,
confused noise.
Synonyms: Loud, Deafening, Thunderous,
Thundering
Antonyms: Peaceful, Uneventful, Orderly
Usage: Tumultuous applause
5) Resentment (Noun) -- नाराजगी
Definition: Bitter indignation at having been
treated unfairly.
Synonyms: Bitterness, Indignation, Irritation,
Pique
Antonyms: Contentment, Happiness
Usage: His resentment at being demoted.
Monthly Editorial
28
6) Repressive (Adjective) -- दमनकारी
Definition: (especially of a social or political
system) inhibiting or restraining personal
freedom.
Synonyms: Oppressive, Authoritarian,
Despotic, Tyrannical.
Antonyms: Democratic, Liberal
Usage: A repressive regime.
7) Envisage (Verb) -- पररकलपना करना
Definition: Contemplate or conceive of as a
possibility or a desirable future event.
Synonyms: Foresee, Predict, Forecast, Foretell
Usage: The Rome Treaty envisaged free
movement across frontiers.
8) Furore (Noun) -- उतेजना
Definition: An outbreak of public anger or
excitement.
Synonyms: Commotion, Uproar, Outcry,
Disturbance
Antonyms: Calm, Calmness, Peace

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Usage: The storeʼs going-out-of-business sale

caused such a furore that security guards had
to be called in to restore order.
9) Salutary (Adjective) -- लाभदायक
Definition: (especially with reference to
something unwelcome or unpleasant) producing
good effects; beneficial.
Synonyms: Beneficial, Good, Good for one,
Advantageous, Profitable
Antonyms: Unwelcome, Irrelevant
Usage: It failed to draw salutary lessons from
Britain's loss of its colonies.
10) Offend (Verb) – अपमान करना
Definition: Cause to feel upset, annoyed, or
resentful.
Synonyms: Affront, Upset, Displease, Distress,
Hurt, Wound, Pain, Injure,
Antonyms: Please, Delight
Usage: 17 per cent of viewers said they had been
offended by bad language
Editorial 29 – 12 – 2018
1) Spurn (Verb) – गतरथकार करना
Definition: Reject with disdain or contempt.
Synonyms: Refuse, Decline, Reject, Rebuff,
Scorn
Antonyms: Condone, Countenance, Swallow
Usage: He spoke gruffly, as if afraid that his
invitation would be spurned.
2) Conscription (Noun) – भती
Definition: Compulsory enlistment for state
service, typically into the armed forces.
Synonyms: Draftee, Inductee, Selectee
Antonyms: Enlistee, Volunteer
Usage: conscription was extended to married
men.
3) Enunciate (Verb) -- उचाररत करना
Definition: Say or pronounce clearly.
Synonyms: Pronounce, Articulate
Antonyms: Falter, Grunt, Halt, Hesitate
Usage: Enunciate your words, and then you
wonʼt have to repeat them so often.
4) Scuttle (Verb) – जलदबाजी से दौडना
Definition: Run hurriedly or furtively with
short quick steps.
Synonyms: Scamper, Scurry, Scramble, Bustle
Antonyms: Crawl, Creep, Poke
Usage: Mice scuttling across the barn floor to
escape the cats
5) Convulse (Verb) – आंदोलन करना
Monthly Editorial
29
Definition: Suffer violent involuntary

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contraction of the muscles, producing contortion

of the body or limbs.
Synonyms: Agitate, Bucket, Jerk, Jiggle, Joggle
Usage: Convulsing with silent laughter as the
inept pianist blithely played on.
6) Muster (Verb) -- इकटा करना
Definition: Assemble (troops), especially for
inspection or in preparation for battle.
Synonyms: Assemble,
Marshal, Mobilize, Rally.
Antonyms: Disperse
Usage: The cavalrymen mustered beside the
other regiments
7) Deride (Verb) -- उपहास करना
Definition: Express contempt for; ridicule.
Synonyms: Ridicule, Mock
Antonyms: Respect, Praise
Usage: The decision was derided by
environmentalists.
8) Mogul (Noun) -- गवशेष रप से दफलम या मीगडया
उदोग मे एक महतवपूरण वगग
Definition: An important or powerful person,
especially in the film or media industry.
Synonyms: Magnate, Tycoon, VIP, Notable,
Notability, Personage
Antonyms: Half-pint, Lightweight, Small-timer
Usage: The Hollywood movie mogul, Sam
Goldwyn
9) Denude (Verb) -- उघाडना
Definition: Strip (something) of its covering,
possessions, or assets.
Synonyms: Divest, Strip, Clear, Deprive,
Bereave
Antonyms: Cover
Usage: Almost overnight the Arctic
was denuded of animals.
10) Fragment (Verb) -- टुकडो मे बंटना
Definition: Break or cause to break into
fragments.
Synonyms: Break up, Break, Shatter, Splinter,
Fracture
Antonyms: Unbroken
Usage: Restoring the fragmented Roman
sculpture was like putting together a jigsaw.
puzzle
Monthly Editorial – November 2018

November - Editorial
Editorial 01-11-2018
1) Impunity (Noun) - दणड मुि �

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action.
Usage: The impunity enjoyed by military
officers implicated in civilian killings.
2) Travesty (Noun) - गलतफहमी
Definition: False, absurd, or distorted
representation of something
Synonyms: Misrepresentation, Distortion,
Perversion
Antonyms: Seriousness, Solemnity
Usage: The absurdly lenient sentence is a
travesty of justice.
3) Acquittal (Noun) -- दोषमिु �
Definition: A judgment or verdict that a person
is not guilty of the crime with which they have
been charged.
Synonyms: Absolution, Clearing, Exoneration
Antonyms: Conviction
Usage: The trial resulted in an acquittal
4) Testimony (Noun) – सा�य या गवाही
Definition: A formal written or spoken
statement, especially one given in a court of law.
Synonyms: Evidence, Sworn Statement
Antonyms: Disproof
Usage: The testimony of an eyewitness.
5) Abduct (Verb) -- अपहरण करना
Definition: Take (someone) away illegally by
force or deception; kidnap.
Usage: The millionaire who disappeared may
have been abducted.
6) Perfunctory (Adjective) -- वासनतवक इचछा,
भावना, या �यास के ि बना �कया जाता है |
Definition: (of an action) carried out without
real interest, feeling, or effort.
Synonyms: Cursory, Desultory; Quick, Brief
Antonyms: Careful, Thorough
Usage: He gave a perfunctory nod.
7) Succour (Noun) -- परे शानी म� सहायता
Definition: Assistance and support in times of
hardship and distress.
Synonyms: Aid, Help, Assistance
Antonyms: Blockage, Hindrance
Usage: They provide shelter and succour in
times of need.
8) Leaning (Noun) – झुकाव
Definition: A tendency or partiality of a
particular kind.
Synonyms: Inclination, Tendency, Bent,
Proclivity, Propensity
Usage: His early leanings were towards cooking
and he went off to become a chef.

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9) Baffle (Verb) -- चकरा दे ना

Definition: Totally bewilder or perplex.
Synonyms: Perplex, Puzzle, Bewilder, Mystify
Antonyms: Enlighten, Clear, Comprehensible
Usage: An unexplained occurrence that baffled
everyone.
10) Denigrate (verb) -- उपेका करना या बदनाम
करना
Definition: Criticize unfairly; Disparage.
Synonyms: Disparage, Belittle, Diminish
Antonyms: Extol
Usage: Doom and gloom merchants who
denigrate their own country.

1) Ambient (Adjective) -- प�रवेश
Definition: Relating to the immediate
surroundings of something
Synonyms: Atmosphere, Climate, Clime,
Context, Environment
Usage: The liquid is stored at below ambient
temperature
2) Residue (Noun) -- अवशेष
Definition: A small amount of something that
remains after the main part has gone or been
taken or used
Synonyms: Remainder, Rest, Remains
Usage: The fine residue left after the sorting
of tea
3) Lethal (Adjective) – � ाणहर या जानलेवा
Definition: Sufficient to cause death
Synonyms: Fatal, Deadly, Mortal
Antonyms: Harmless, Safe
Usage: Urgent correctives are needed, or lethal
winter pollution will become the new normal
4) Escalate (Verb) -- तेजी से विृ � होना
Definition: Increase rapidly.
Synonyms: Grow, Develop, Mushroom,
Increase
Antonyms: Shrink, Plunge
Usage: The price of tickets escalated
5) Bolster (verb) -- समथरन या मजबूत करना
Definition: Support or strengthen
Antonyms: Undermine
Usage: The fall in interest rates is starting to
bolster confidence
6) Cohabitation (Noun) -- सहवास
Definition: The state or fact of living or
existing at the same time or in the same place.
Usage: A harmonious cohabitation with
other living creatures

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7) Wane (Verb) – कम होना

Definition: of a state or feeling) decrease in
vigour or extent; become weaker.
Synonyms: Decrease, Decline, Diminish,
Dwindle
Antonyms: Increase, Grow
Usage: Support for the strike was waning
8) Drubbing (Noun) – मारना
Definition: a beating; a thrashing.
Synonyms: Beating, Thrashing, Walloping,
Thumping, Battering, Pounding
Antonyms: Win
Usage: "I'll give the scoundrels a drubbing
if I can
9) Rhetoric -- अलंकार शा�
Definition: The art of effective or persuasive
speaking or writing
Synonyms: Oratory, Eloquence, Power of
speech
Usage: Its populist rhetoric was directed
until then against Berlin’s backing for the euro
zone bailout programme.
10) Stubble (Noun) -- डंठल
Definition: The cut stalks of cereal plants left
sticking out of the ground after the grain is
harvested.
Synonyms: Talks, Straw, Bristles, Whiskers
Usage: Farm stubble burning is a major
contributor to the problem, and its footprint
may be growing because of wider use of
mechanical harvesters that is producing more
waste.
1) Facile (Adjective) – सुगम या सरल
Definition: Ignoring the true complexities of
an issue; Superficial
Synonyms: Simplistic, Superficial, Oversimple
Antonyms: Thorough, Profound

Usage: A man of facile and shallow intellect
2) Permeate (Verb) – पूरा फै लना या � ा� होना
Definition: Spread throughout (something);
pervade
Synonyms: fill, filter through, diffuse through,
imbue
Usage: The aroma of soup permeated the air
3) Emanate (verb) -- ि नगरत होना
Definition: (of a feeling, quality, or sensation)
issue or spread out from (a source).
Synonyms: Emerge, Flow, Pour, Proceed,
Issue
Antonyms: Conceal, Hold
Usage: The proposals emanated from a

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committee
4) Schism (Noun) – फू ट या ि वभाजन
Definition: A split or division between strongly
opposed sections or parties, caused by
differences in opinion or belief.
Synonyms: Division, Split, Rift, Breach,
Rupture, Break, Separation
Antonyms: Agreement, Closing, Closure,
Harmony
Usage: The widening schism between Church
leaders and politicians
5) Blasphemy (Noun) -- ई�र ि ननदा
Definition: The action or offence of speaking
sacrilegiously about God or sacred things;
profane talk.
Synonyms: Profanity, Profaneness, Sacrilege,
Irreligiousness
Antonyms: Reverence
Usage: He was detained on charges of
blasphemy
6) Capitulate (Verb) -- शतर पर हहथयार डाल दे ना
Definition: Cease to resist an opponent or an
unwelcome demand; yield.
Synonyms: Surrender, Give in, Yield, Admit
defeat,
Antonyms: resist, hold out
Usage: The patriots had to capitulate to the
enemy forces
7) Condemnation (Noun) -- �नदा
Definition: The expression of very strong
disapproval; censure.
Synonyms: There was strong international
condemnation of the attack
Antonyms: Censure, Criticism, Castigation,
Stricture, Denunciation, Damnation,
Vilification, Opprobrium
Usage: Praise, Plaudits
8) Rein (Verb) -- संयम करना
Definition: Check or guide (a horse) by pulling
on its reins.
Synonyms: Restrain, Check, Curb, Constrain
Usage: He reined in his horse and waited
9) Firebrand (Noun) -- आंदोलक
Definition: A person with a penchant for
militancy in speech and/or action
Synonyms: Agitator, Demagogue (also
demagog), Exciter, Fomenter
Usage: A firebrand who urged crowds to riot
during the blackouts
10) Reversal (Noun) -- ि वपयर
Definition: A change to an opposite direction,
position, or course of action.
Synonyms: Turnaround, Turnround,
Turnabout

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Antonyms: Approval, Enactment, Validation

Usage: A dramatic reversal in population
decline in the Alps
Editorial 07 – 11 – 2018
1) Contemplate (Verb) -- ि वचार करना
Definition: Look thoughtfully for a long time at

Synonyms: Look at, View, Regard, Examine,
Inspect
Antonyms: Forget, Ignore, Neglect, Reject
Usage: She contemplated her body in the
mirror
2) Behove (Verb) -- िअनवायर रहना
Definition: It is a duty or responsibility for
someone to do something.
Synonyms: Be incumbent on, Be obligatory for,
Be required of
Usage: It behoves the House to assure itself
that there is no conceivable alternative.
3) Furnish (Verb) -- �सतुत करना
Definition: Be a source of; provide.
Synonyms: Supply, Equip, Provide, Provision
Antonyms: Divest
Usage: Fish furnish an important source of
protein
4) Unsparing (Adjective) -- बेरहम
Definition: Merciless; Severe
Synonyms: Merciless, Pitiless, Unpitying,
Ruthless
Antonyms: Merciful, Gentle, Mild
Usage: He is unsparing in his criticism of the
arms trade
5) Fiduciary (Adjective) -- �तययी
Definition: Involving trust, especially with
regard to the relationship between a trustee and
a beneficiary
Usage: The Company has a fiduciary duty to
shareholders
6) Burgeon (Verb) -- फलना-फू लना
Definition: Begin to grow or increase rapidly;
flourish.
Synonyms: grow rapidly, increase
rapidly/exponentially
Antonyms: Shrink
Usage: Manufacturers are keen to cash in on
the burgeoning demand
Definition: Stated or appearing to be true, but
not necessarily so.
Synonyms: Apparent, Seeming, Outward,
Surface, Superficial
Antonyms: Real, Genuine
Usage: The real dispute which lay behind the

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ostensible complaint
8) Bourgeoisie (Noun) -- पूंजीवपत वगर
Definition: The middle class, typically with
reference to its perceived materialistic values or
conventional attitudes.
Usage: The rise of the bourgeoisie at the end of
the eighteenth century
9) Poignant (Adjective) -- मा�मक
Definition: Evoking a keen sense of sadness or
regret.
Synonyms: Touching, Moving, Sad
Usage: A poignant reminder of the passing of
time
10) Pomp (Noun) -- धूमधाम
Definition: Ceremony and splendid display.
Synonyms: Ceremony, Ceremonial, Solemnity
Antonyms: Simplicity
Usage: Entertaining overseas visitors with the
right degree of pomp.
Editorial 08 – 11 – 2018
1) Leeway (Noun) -- अनुवातगमन
Definition: The amount of freedom to move or
act that is available.
Synonyms: Freedom, Scope, Slack
Antonyms: Constraint, Restriction
Usage: The government had greater leeway to
introduce reforms.

This flexibility could be a sign that the U.S. is
leaving space for leeway in resuming talks with
Iran in the long term.
2) Fructify (Verb) -- फलवान होना
Definition: Make (something) fruitful or
productive.
Usage: They were sacrificed in order that their
blood might fructify the crops
3) Foreseeable (Adjective) -- मभवषयवाणी करने
म� सकम
Definition: Able to be foreseen or predicted.
Synonyms: Certain, Anticipated
Antonyms: Improbable, Unexpected,
Unforeseen
Usage: The situation is unlikely to change in
the foreseeable future
4) Outrun (Verb) -- आगे बढ़ना
Definition: Go beyond or exceed.
Synonyms: Draw away from, Shake off
Usage: His courage outran his prudence
5) Sanction (Verb) – संसवीकृ ि त दे ना
Definition: Impose a sanction or penalty on.
Synonyms: Punish, Discipline someone for

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Antonyms: Prohibit, Ban

Usage: The U.S. administration’s decision to
grant India and seven other countries waivers on
the sanctions it re-imposed on Iran provides
some temporary relief to India.
6) Circumvent (Verb) -- एक रासता तलाश�
Definition: Find a way around (an obstacle)
Synonyms: avoid, get round, find a way round
Usage: The European Union, Russia and China
have also been working on a “special payment
mechanism” to circumvent sanctions.
7) Leverage (Verb) -- उ� ोलन
Definition: Use (something) to maximum
advantage
Synonyms: Influence, Power, Authority,
Weight
Usage: The organization needs to leverage its
key resources"
8) Negotiation (Noun)
Definition: Discussion aimed at reaching an
agreement.
Synonyms: Conference, Debate, Dialogue;
Mediation, Arbitration
Antonyms: Disagreement
Usage: Unlike China, it chose to reduce its oil
intake from Iran, and entered into
negotiations for alternative fuel supplies from
Iran’s rivals in the Gulf.
9) Belligerence (Noun) -- आ� ामक
Definition: Aggressive or warlike behaviour.
Usage: Mortimer was eyeing Guy with
belligerence
10) Impediment (Noun) -- हकलाहट
Definition: A defect in a person's speech, such
as a lisp or stammer.
Synonyms: Hesitancy, Faltering
Antonyms: Benefit
Usage: She spoke with an impediments.
Editorial 08 – 11 – 2018
1) Resonant (Adjective) -- गुंजयमान
Definition: (of sound) deep, clear, and
continuing to sound or reverberate.
Synonyms: Deep, Low, Sonorous, Full, Full
bodied
Antonyms: Faint, Thin, Weak
Usage: A full-throated and resonant guffaw
2) Beleaguer (Verb) -- एक ब�त मुि शकल ि सगथत म�
होना
Definition: Put in a very difficult situation.
Synonyms: Hard-pressed, Troubled, In
difficulties

Usage: The board is supporting the beleaguered

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director
3) Exaggerate (Verb) --- िअतरं जना करना
Definition: Represent (something) as being
larger, better, or worse than it really is.
Synonyms: overstate, overemphasize,
overstress
Antonyms: Play down, Understate,
Understated
Usage: she was apt to exaggerate any aches and
pains
4) Demonstrate (verb) -- �दखाना
Definition: Clearly show the existence or truth
of (something) by giving proof or evidence.
Synonyms: Reveal, Bespeak, Indicate, Signify
Antonyms: Hide
Usage: Their shameful silence demonstrates
their ineptitude
5) Apprehension (Noun) – डर या बेचैनी
Definition: Anxiety or fear that something bad
or unpleasant will happen
Synonyms: Anxiety, Angst, Alarm, Worry,
Uneasiness
Antonyms: Confidence
Usage: He felt sick with apprehension
6) Bust (Verb) – सुररकत ि नकल जाना
Definition: escape.
Usage: she busted out of prison
7) Subvention (Noun) -- राजक�य सहायता
Definition: A grant of money, especially from
a government.
Synonyms: Admission, Allocation, Allotment
Usage: Ottawa has begun to cut federal
subventions to the provinces
8) Dole (verb) -- ख़ैरात करना
Definition: Distribute shares of something.
Synonyms: Deal out, Share out, Mete out,
Divide up
Antonyms: Collect, Combine
Usage: The scanty portions of food doled out to
them
9) Unintended (Adjective) -- अनायास ही
Definition: Not planned or meant.
Usage: The unintended consequences of
people's actions
10) Anticipate (Verb) – �तयाशा करना
Definition: Look forward to.
Synonyms: Await, Count the days until
Antonyms: Dread
Usage: Elaine tingled with excitement as she
anticipated her meeting with Will.
Editorial 10 – 11 – 2018
1) Uproar (Noun) -- कोलाहल
Definition: A loud and impassioned noise or

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disturbance; a public expression of protest or

outrage.
Synonyms: Turmoil, Disorder, Confusion,
Chaos, Commotion
Antonyms: Clam, Acquiescence
Usage: The room was in an uproar.
Definition: Stated or appearing to be true, but
not necessarily so.
Synonyms: Apparent, Seeming, Outward,
Surface, and Superficial
Antonyms: Real, Genuine
Usage: The real dispute which lay behind the
ostensible complaint
3) Rampage (verb) – दं गा करना
Definition: (especially of a large group of
people) move through a place in a violent and
uncontrollable manner.

Synonyms: Riot, Charge, Tear
Antonyms: Calm, Order, Peace
Usage: Stone-throwing mobs rampaged
through the streets
4) Curtail (verb) – घटाना
Definition: Reduce in extent or quantity;
impose a restriction on.
Synonyms: Reduce, Cut, Cut Down, Cut Back,
Decrease, Lessen
Antonyms: Increase, Lengthen
Usage: Civil liberties were further curtailed.
5) Protagonist (Noun) -- समथरक
Definition: An advocate or champion of a
particular cause or idea.
Synonyms: Supporter, Upholder, Adherent,
Backer, Proponent, Advocate
Antonyms: Opponent
Usage: The EC is a great protagonist of
deregulation.
6) Orchestrate (Verb) -- �ववसथत करना
Definition: Plan or coordinate the elements of
(a situation) to produce a desired effect,
especially surreptitiously.
Synonyms: Organize, Arrange, Put together,
Plan, Set up, Bring about, Manage
Antonyms: Disperse, Divide, Separate
Usage: He threatened to orchestrate a
campaign of civil disobedience.
7) Stifle (verb) -- दम घुटना
Definition: Make (someone) unable to breathe
properly; suffocate.
Synonyms: Suffocate, Choke, Asphyxiate;
Smother
Antonyms: Cold, Let out

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Usage: People in the streets were stifled by

the fumes.
8) Nurture (Verb) -- पालन - पोषण करना
Definition: Care for and protect (someone or
something) while they are growing.
Synonyms: Bring up, Care for, Provide for,
Take care of, Attend to
Antonyms: Neglect, Hinder
Usage: My father nurtured my love of art.
9) Assimilation (Noun) -- आतमसातकरण
Definition: The process of taking in and fully
understanding information or ideas.
Synonyms: Anabolism, Catabolism,
Consumption, Digestion
Antonyms: Exclude, Misinterpret, Mistake,
Misunderstand
Usage: The assimilation of the knowledge
of the Greeks.
10) Frenzy (Noun) -- उनमाद
Definition: A state or period of uncontrolled
excitement or wild behaviour.
Synonyms: Hysteria, Madness, Mania,
Insanity
Antonyms: Calm, Calmness, Happiness,
Harmony
Usage: Doreen worked herself into a frenzy of
rage.
Editorial 12 – 11 – 2018
1) Negate (Verb) -- ि नषफल नकारना
Definition: Make ineffective; Nullify.
Synonyms: Invalidate, Nullify
Antonyms: Confirm, Support, Validate
Usage: Dissolution of Sri Lanka’s Parliament
negates the letter and spirit of constitutional
reforms
2) Roil (verb) -- � ोि धत करना
Definition: To move or proceed turbulently.
Synonyms: Annoy, Fret, Ruffle, Exasperate,
Provoke, Rile.
Antonyms: Aid, Calm, Help

Usage: Sri Lanka has been roiled by political
uncertainty
3) Garner (Verb) -- संि चत करना
Definition: Gather or collect (something,
especially information or approval).
Synonyms: Gather, Collect, Accumulate,
Amass
Antonyms: Spend, Disperse, Distribute, Divide
Usage: This was a move to buy Mr. Rajapaksa
time to garner support through defections.
4) Fig leaf (Noun) -- छलावरण
Definition: A thing intended to conceal a

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difficulty or embarrassment.
Synonyms: Camouflage, Affectation,
Appearance
Antonyms: Reality, Truth
Usage: A fig leaf of constitutionality has been
made up, citing Article 33(2)(c), which says the
President has the power to summon, prorogue
and dissolve Parliament.
5) Cryptic (Adjective) -- ग� ु
Definition: Having a meaning that is
mysterious or obscure.
Synonyms: Enigmatic, Mysterious
Antonyms: Straightforward, Clear
Usage: The clarification is cryptic, referring to
“misunderstandings of public data products and
the ways that the LIGO data need to be treated”
by those raising objections.
6) Lacuna (Noun) -- एक ि नवाररसत जगह
Definition: an unfilled space; a gap
Synonyms: Break, Cavity, Depression, Gap
Antonyms: Closure, Continuation
Usage: The journal has filled a lacuna in Middle
Eastern studies
7) Correlate (Verb) -- सहसंबंधी बनाना
Definition: Establish a mutual relationship or
connection between.
Synonyms: Connect, Analogize, Associate,
Relate, Compare
Antonyms: Contrast
Usage: we should correlate general trends in
public opinion with trends in the content of
television news"
8) Untenable (Adjective) -- िअसथर, असमथरनीय
Definition: (especially of a position or view)
not able to be maintained or defended against
attack or objection.
Synonyms: Indefensible, Undefendable,
Unarguable, Insupportable
Antonyms: Tenable, Defensible
Usage: Mr. Rajapaksa’s continuance became
untenable.
9) Enumerate (Verb) -- एक एक करके बताना
Definition: Mention (a number of things) one
by one.
Synonyms: List, Itemize, Catalogue
Antonyms: Conceal, Estimate, Guess, Hide
Usage: It is difficult to see how a general
provision enumerating some powers can
override a specific provision elsewhere in the
Constitution that expressly limits those powers.
10) Prorogue (Verb) -- सगथगत करना
Definition: Discontinue a session of (a
parliament or other legislative assembly)
without dissolving it.

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Synonyms: Adjourn, Defer, Delay

Antonyms: Advance, Continue, Expedite,
Forward
Usage: A fig leaf of constitutionality has been
made up, citing Article 33(2) (c), which says the
President has the power to summon, prorogue
and dissolve Parliament.
Editorial 13 – 11 – 2018
1) Rogue (Noun) -- द� ु
Definition: A dishonest or unprincipled man.

Synonyms: Scoundrel, Villain, Reprobate,
Rascal, Good-for-nothing
Antonyms: Aboveboard, Honest, Straight
Usage: Saudi Arabia maintained it was a rogue
operation carried out without the Crown
Prince’s involvement.
2) Extradite (Verb) -- अपराधी को �तय�पत करना
Definition: Hand over (a person accused or
convicted of a crime) to the jurisdiction of the
foreign state in which the crime was committed.
Synonyms: Repatriate, Expel, Banish
Antonyms: Hold, Keep
Usage: Turkey’s request for the 18 arrested
suspects to be extradited for questioning has
been turned down.
3) Haphazard (Adjective) -- �मररहत
Definition: Lacking any obvious principle of
organization.
Synonyms: Random, Unplanned,
Unsystematic, Unmethodical
Antonyms: Methodical, Systematic
Usage: Welfare measures, even if they have
been implemented haphazardly, have enabled
outreach into tribal areas where the state was
hitherto absent.
4) Uptick (Noun) -- इजाफा
Definition: A small increase or slight upward
trend.
Synonyms: Accretion, Accrual, Addendum,
Addition
Antonyms: Deduction, Subtraction
Usage: There has been an uptick in attacks by
Maoists, indicating that their ability to strike
remains strong.
5) Earmark (Verb) -- ि वशेष �योजन के ि लए रखना
Definition: Designate (funds or resources) for
a particular purpose.
Synonyms: Set aside, Lay aside, Set apart
Antonyms: Ignore, Neglect, Misapply, Misuse
Usage: The government’s strategy of using
military force while earmarking funds for
infrastructure and welfare programmes in the
districts most affected by left-wing extremism

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has weakened the Maoists.

6) Wage (verb) -- आचरण करना
Definition: Carry on (a war or campaign).
Synonyms: Engage in, Carry on, Conduct,
Execute, Pursue
Antonyms: Cease, Destroy, Fail, Forget
Usage: The government continued to wage war
on the guerrillas
7) Repression (Noun) -- दमन
Definition: The restraint, prevention, or
inhibition of a feeling, quality, etc.
Synonyms: Restraint, Restraining, Holding
back, Keeping back
Antonyms: Expression
Usage: These actions have resulted in the
militarization of these areas, repression of
tribal people both by state actions,
8) Insurgency (Noun) -- ि व� ोह
Definition: An active revolt or uprising.
Synonyms: Insurrection, Mutiny, Outbreak,
Rebellion
Antonyms: Counterinsurgency,
Counterrevolution
Usage: Rebels are waging an armed insurgency
to topple the monarchy
9) Deprivation (Noun) – गरीबी
Definition: The damaging lack of material
benefits considered to be basic necessities in a
society.
Synonyms: Poverty, Impoverishment, Penury,
Privation,
Antonyms: Wealth
Usage: Low wages mean that 3.75 million
people suffer serious deprivation

10) Persuade (verb) -- राज़ी करना
Definition: Induce (someone) to do something
through reasoning or argument.
Synonyms: Prevail on, Talk someone into,
Coax, Convince, Make
Antonyms: Dissuade, Discourage, Deter
Usage: The question is, what must be done to
persuade Saudi Arabia to bring the
perpetrators of this murder to light?
Editorial 14 – 11 – 2018
1) Fickle (Adjective) -- प�रवतरनीय
Definition: Changing frequently, especially as
regards one's loyalties or affections.
Synonyms: Capricious, Changeable, Variable
Antonyms: Constant, Stable
Usage: The fickle nature of the global
petroleum market has been on display over the
last few days.

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2) Cartel (Noun) -- उतपादक संघ

Definition: An association of manufacturers or
suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices
at a high level and restricting competition.
Synonyms: Conglomerate, Consortium,
Corporation, Gang
Usage: Saudi Arabia’s latest call to cut output
comes just months after the OPEC cartel
decided to increase its output.
3) Apprehension (Noun) – डर या �चता
Definition: Anxiety or fear that something bad
or unpleasant will happen.
Synonyms: Anxiety, Angst, Alarm, Worry,
Uneasiness, Unease
Antonyms: Confidence
Usage: OPEC members decided to ramp up
supply after apprehensions over Iranian
supplies in the wake of economic sanctions
imposed by the U.S.
4) Jittery (Adjective) -- ि चड़ड़चड़ा
Definition: Nervous or unable to relax.
Synonyms: Excitable, Fiddle-Footed, Flighty,
Fluttery, High-Strung
Antonyms: Imperturbable, Nerveless,
Unexcitable, Unflappable, Unshakable
Usage: The strong U.S. opposition to higher oil
prices could be making investors feel jittery.
5) Castigate (Verb) -- ि तरसकार करना
Definition: Reprimand (someone) severely.
Synonyms: Reprimand, Rebuke, Admonish,
Chastise, Chide
Antonyms: Praise, Commend
Usage: He was castigated for not setting a
good example
6) Lamented (Adjective) – ि वलाप
Definition: A conventional way of describing
someone who has died or something that has
ceased to exist.
Synonyms: Mourn, Grieve (for/over), Weep
for, Shed tears for
Antonyms: Celebrate, Rejoice
Usage: The late and much lamented Leonard
Bernstein
7) Scoff (Verb) – उपहास करना
Definition: Speak to someone or about
something in a scornfully derisive or mocking
way.
Synonyms: Mock, Deride, Ridicule
Antonyms: Approve, Compliment, Flatter
Usage: Patrick professed to scoff at soppy love
scenes in films
8) Intrinsic (Adjective) – सवाभाि वक
Definition: Belonging naturally; essential.
Synonyms: Inherent, Innate, Inborn, Inbred,

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Congenital
Antonyms: Extrinsic, Acquired
Usage: Access to the arts is intrinsic to a high
quality of life

9) Pernicious (Adjective) -- हाि नकारक
Definition: Having a harmful effect, especially
in a gradual or subtle way.
Synonyms: Harmful, Damaging, Destructive,
Injurious
Antonyms: Beneficial, Benign, Favourable
Usage: The pernicious influences of the mass
media
10) Coarseness (Noun) -- कठोर होने क� गुणव� ा
Definition: The quality of being rough or
harsh.
Synonyms: Roughness, Prickliness, Wiriness,
Brittleness, Scratchiness
Antonyms: Softness, Sophistication,
Refinement
Usage: The coarseness of her hair.
Editorial 15 – 11 – 2018
1) Disrupt (Verb) – ि वकृ त या नुकसान करना
Definition: Drastically alter or destroy the
structure of.
Synonyms: Distort, Damage, Buckle, Warp
Antonyms: Organize, Arrange
Usage: Alcohol can disrupt the chromosomes of
an unfertilized egg
2) Instinct (Noun) -- विृ �
Definition: A natural or intuitive way of acting
or thinking.
Synonyms: Natural tendency, Inborn
tendency, Inherent tendency, Inclination
Usage: They retain their old authoritarian
instincts
3) Premise (Noun) -- �सताव
Definition: A previous statement or
proposition from which another is inferred or
follows as a conclusion
Synonyms: Proposition, Assumption,
Hypothesis, Thesis,
Antonyms: Denial, Reality, Rejection
Usage: If the premise is true, then the
conclusion must be true.
4) Exacerbate (Verb) -- ख़राब करना
Definition: Make (a problem, bad situation, or
negative feeling) worse.
Synonyms: Aggravate, Make worse, Worsen,
Inflame
Antonyms: Calm, Reduce
Usage: Political changes have exacerbated the
conflict

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5) Scrutiny (Verb) – संवीका करना

Definition: Critical observation or
examination.
Synonyms: Careful examination, Inspection
Usage: Every aspect of local government was
placed under scrutiny
6) Tremendous (Adjective) -- जबरदसत
Definition: Extremely good or impressive;
excellent.
Synonyms: Excellent, Wonderful, Marvellous
Antonyms: Bad, Poor
Usage: The crew did a tremendous job
7) Lucrative (Adjective) – लाभदायक या लाभ�द
Definition: Producing a great deal of profit.
Synonyms: Profitable, Gainful, Moneymaking
Antonyms: Unprofitable
Usage: A lucrative career as a stand-up
comedian
8) Disclose (verb) – खुलासा करना
Definition: Make (secret or new information)
known.
Synonyms: They disclosed her name to the
press
Antonyms: Conceal, Hide
Usage: They disclosed her name to the press
9) Transparency (Noun) -- पारदश�ता

Definition: The condition of being transparent.
Synonyms: Translucency, Lucidity, Pellucidity,
Limpidness
Antonyms: opacity, cloudiness, obscurity
Usage: The transparency of ice
10) Credibility (Verb) – ि व�सनीय होना
Definition: The quality of being convincing or
believable.
Synonyms: Plausibility, Believability,
Acceptability
Antonyms: Implausibility
Usage: The book's anecdotes have scant regard
for credibility
11) Enhance (Verb) -- बेहतर बनाना
Definition: Intensify, increase, or further
improve the quality, value, or extent of.
Synonyms: Increase, Add to, Intensify,
Magnify, Amplify, Inflate
Antonyms: Diminish, Mar
Usage: His refusal does nothing to enhance his
reputation
12) Ensue (verb) – उ�प� होना
Definition: Happen or occur afterwards or as a
result.
Synonyms: Result, Follow, Develop, Stem

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Antonyms: Antecedent, Foregoing, Precedent

Usage: The difficulties which ensued from their
commitment to Cuba
13) Mandate (Verb) – शासनादे श दे ना
Definition: Give (someone) authority to act in
a certain way.
Synonyms: Accept, Advocate, Agree, Authorize
Antonyms: Contradict, Decline, Deny, Destroy
Usage: The rightful king was mandated and
sanctioned by God.
Editorial 16 – 11 – 2018
1) Dent (Verb) – घटाना
Definition: Have an adverse effect on;
diminish.
Synonyms: Diminish, Reduce, Lessen, Shrink
Antonyms: Increase
Usage: The experience did not dent her
confidence
2) Propellant (Noun) -- उत� ेरक
Definition: A substance that propels
something, in particular:
Synonyms: Catalyst, Encouragement, Fillip
Antonyms: Block, Discouragement
Usage: The main uses of CFCs are in aerosols as
propellants
3) Impoverish (Verb) – गरीब बना दे ना
Definition: Make (a person or area) poor.
Synonyms: Make poor, Make penniless,
Reduce to penury
Antonyms: Make wealthy, Rich, Wealthy
Usage: The wars had impoverished him
4) Sabotage (verb) -- जानबूझ कर न� करना
Definition: Deliberately destroy, damage, or
obstruct (something), especially for political or
military advantage.
Synonyms: Wreck, Deliberately Damage,
Vandalize
Antonyms: Devotion, Faithfulness, Fidelity,
Loyalty
Usage: Power lines from South Africa were
sabotaged by rebel forces
5) Smuggle (verb) -- तसकरी करना
Definition: Move (goods) illegally into or out
of a country.
Synonyms: Bring/take illegally, Run, Sneak
Antonyms: Consign, Convey, Dump
Usage: He smuggled out a message
6) Inflict (Verb) -- थोपना

Definition: Cause (something unpleasant or
painful) to be suffered by someone or
something.
Synonyms: Impose, Force, Press, Thrust, Foist

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Antonyms: Hold, Keep, Take

Usage: She is wrong to inflict her beliefs on
everyone else
7) Precarious (Adjective) -- िअनन�त
Definition: Not securely held or in position;
dangerously likely to fall or collapse.
Synonyms: uncertain, insecure, unreliable,
unsure
Antonyms: Safe, secure
Usage: he made a precarious living as a painter
8) Enclave (Verb) -- अलग या संल� करना
Definition: To isolate or enclose (especially
territory) within a foreign or uncongenial
environment; make an enclave of
Synonyms: Archipelago, Isle, Islet, Peninsula
Usage: The engineering department is
traditionally a male enclave
9) Botch (verb) -- लापरवाही से काम करना
Definition: Carry out (a task) badly or
carelessly.
Synonyms: Bungle, Do badly, Do clumsily,
Make a mess of
Antonyms: Do well, Succeed, Break, Build
Usage: He was accused of botching the job
10) Grim (Adjective) -- ब�त गंभीर या उदास।
Definition: Very serious or gloomy.
Synonyms: Stern, Forbidding, Uninviting,
Unapproachable
Antonyms: Amiable, Pleasant
Usage: His grim expression
Editorial 17 – 11 – 2018
1) Infusion (Noun) -- आसव
Definition: The introduction of a new element
or quality into something.
Synonyms: Imbue, Inculcate, Ingrain
Antonyms: Deprive, Divest, Strip, Clear,
Empty
Usage: This situation demands a massive
infusion of both manpower and resources.
2) Prescribed (Noun) -- ि नधार�रत
Definition: State authoritatively or as a rule
that (an action or procedure) should be carried
out.
Synonyms: Stipulate, Lay Down, Dictate,
Specify, Impose
Antonyms: Confuse, Disallow, Disorganize
Usage: A study released last year by the Vidhi
Centre for Legal Policy revealed that the
recruitment cycle in most States far exceeded
the time limit prescribed by the Supreme
Court.
3) Lumbering (Adjective) -- चू-चरखकर चलना
Definition: Moving in a slow, heavy, awkward
way.

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Synonyms: Lurch, Stumble, Shamble, Shuffle

Antonyms: Nimble, Agile
Usage: The burgeoning docket burden that
weighs down the judiciary is not because of its
lumbering judicial processes alone, as it is
often made out.
4) Docket (Noun) – दसतावेज़ या कू पन
Definition: A document or label listing the
contents of a consignment or package.
Synonyms: Document, Chit, Coupon, Voucher
Usage: The burgeoning docket burden
5) Rigidity (noun) – कठोरता
Definition: Inability to be to bent or be forced
out of shape.
Synonyms: Exactingness, Hardness,
Harshness

Antonyms: Forbearance, Indulgence,
Kindness, Lenience
Usage: Sometimes the rigidity of the
headmaster’s discipline was deemed excessive
by even much of the faculty
6) Intimidation (Noun) -- िअभ� ास
Definition: The action of intimidating
someone, or the state of being intimidated.
Synonyms: Frightening, Menacing, Terrifying,
Scaring
Antonyms: Assure, Calm, Comfort
Usage: The intimidation of witnesses and jurors
7) Credence (Noun) -- ि व� ास
Definition: Belief in or acceptance of
something as true.
Synonyms: Acceptance, Belief, Faith, Trust
Antonyms: Disbelief, Incredulity, Unbelief
Usage: Psychoanalysis finds little credence
among laymen
8) Bluff (Verb) -- झांसा दे ना
Definition: Try to deceive someone as to one's
abilities or intentions.
Synonyms: Pretend, Sham, Fake, Feign
Antonyms: Diplomatic, Evasive
Usage: A big, bluff, hearty man
9) Bigotry (Noun) – पूवार�ह, पकपात
Definition: Intolerance towards those who
hold different opinions from oneself.
Synonyms: Prejudice, Bias, Partiality,
Partisanship
Antonyms: Tolerance
Usage: The difficulties of combating prejudice
and bigotry
10) Capitulate (verb) – समपरण करना
Definition: Cease to resist an opponent or an
unwelcome demand; yield.

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Synonyms: Surrender, Give in, Yield, Admit

defeat, Concede defeat
Antonyms: Resist, Hold out
Usage: The patriots had to capitulate to the
enemy forces.
Editorial 19 – 11 – 2018
1) Resilience (Noun) -- लचीलाता
Definition: The capacity to recover quickly
from difficulties; toughness.
Synonyms: Flexibility, Pliability, Suppleness,
Plasticity, Elasticity, Springiness, Spring, Give
Antonyms: Rigidity, Fragility, Vulnerability,
Weakness
Usage: Coastal districts must continue to
strengthen resilience against extreme weather
events.
2) Catastrophic (Adjective) -- ि ववप�पूणर
Definition: Involving or causing sudden great
damage or suffering.
Synonyms: Disastrous, Calamitous,
Cataclysmic, Ruinous
Antonyms: Fortunate, Beneficial
Usage: The National Cyclone Risk Mitigation
Project started by the Ministry of Home Affairs
has been working to reduce the impact of such
catastrophic events.
3) Rehabilitation -- पुनवारस
Definition: The action of restoring someone to
health or normal life through training and
therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or
illness.
Synonyms: Recondition, Restore, Renew,
Renovate
Antonyms: Decline, Degeneration,
Deterioration
Usage: Tamil Nadu’s political parties have
acted in a mature manner and kept partisan
criticism from getting in the way of relief and
rehabilitation after Gaja.
4) Hazard (Noun) -- जोि खम

Definition: A danger or risk..
Synonyms: Risk, Put at risk, Jeopardize
Antonyms: Keep safe
Usage: Coastal States must, therefore, focus on
reducing the hazard through policies that
expand resilient housing, build better storm
shelters.
5) Compensation (Noun) -- मुआवजा
Definition: Something, typically money,
awarded to someone in recognition of loss,
suffering, or injury.
Synonyms: Recompense, Repayment,
Payment, Reimbursement

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Antonyms: Underpayment
Usage: A warehouse worker who received a
large compensation for his crippling injury
while on the job
6) Casualty (Noun) -- हताहत
Definition: A person or thing badly affected by
an event or situation.
Synonyms: Victim, Sufferer, Loser, Loss
Antonyms: Boon, Break, Fluke, Godsend
Usage: Casualties at sea that sometimes
resulted in great losses of men or even of entire
ships.
7) Vulnerability (Noun) -- भे�ता
Definition: The quality or state of being
exposed to the possibility of being attacked or
harmed, either physically or emotionally.
Synonyms: Susceptibility, Accountability,
Amenability
Antonyms: Aid, Asset, Help
Usage: The vulnerability of the car to
vandalism when it's parked on the street
8) Modalities (Noun) -- �पातमकता
Definition: A particular mode in which
something exists or is experienced or expressed.
Synonyms: Subjunctive mood, Interrogative
mood, Common mood.
Antonyms: Unconsciousness, Effector,
Odorless
Usage: Prime Minister Theresa May’s
government is facing a possible vote of no
confidence, orchestrated by her own deeply
divided Conservative Party, over the
modalities of a future relationship with the
EU.
9) Eloquent (Adjective) -- सुव� ा
Definition: Fluent or persuasive in speaking or
writing.
Synonyms: Persuasive, Expressive, Articulate,
Fluent
Antonyms: Inarticulate
Usage: An eloquent speech
10) Fragility (Noun) -- नाजुकता
Definition: The quality of being easily broken
or damaged.
Synonyms: Frailty, Flimsiness, Weakness
Antonyms: Robustness
Usage: A film about the fragility of
relationships
Editorial 20 – 11 – 2018
1) Professed (Adjective) -- पेशेवर
Definition: (of a quality, feeling, or belief)
claimed openly but often falsely
Synonyms: Supposed, Ostensible, Alleged
Antonyms: Conceal, Deny, Disavow

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Usage: Their professed commitment to

human rights.
2) Bonhomie (Noun) -- खुमशमज़ाजी
Definition: Cheerful friendliness; Geniality.
Synonyms: Geniality, Congeniality,
Conviviality
Antonyms: Coldness
Usage: He exuded good humour and
bonhomie

3) Plethora (Noun) -- ब�तायत
Definition: A large or excessive amount of
something.
Synonyms: Deluge, Glut, Overabundance
Antonyms: Lack, Need, Scarcity, Want
Usage: A plethora of committees and
subcommittees
4) Pummel (Verb) -- गंभीरता से आलोचना करना
Definition: Criticize severely
Synonyms: Bash, Batter, Crush, Flog
Antonyms: Compliment, Fail, Lose, Praise
Usage: He has been pummelled by the
reviewers
5) Unravel (Verb) -- पव ू रवत कर�
Definition: Undo (twisted, knitted, or woven
threads).
Synonyms: Untangle, Disentangle
Antonyms: Entangle, Tangle
Usage: He cut the rope and started to unravel
its strands
6) Embezzlement -- द� ु पयोग
Definition: Theft or misappropriation of funds
placed in one's trust or belonging to one's
employer.
Synonyms: Misappropriation, Theft, Stealing,
Robbing
Antonyms: Compensation, Pay,
Reimbursement, Return
Usage: Charges of fraud and embezzlement
7) Prolong (adjective) -- लंबे समय तक चलाना
Definition: Continuing for a long time or
longer than usual; lengthy.
Synonyms: Lengthen, Make longer
Antonyms: Shorten
Usage: The region suffered a prolonged
drought
8) Exigency (Noun) -- ज़�रत
Definition: An urgent need or demand.
Synonyms: Need, Demand, Requirement
Usage: The exigencies requiring snap
decisions that traders on the stock exchange face
every day
9) Backlash (noun) -- �ि त��या

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Definition: A strong negative reaction by a

large number of people, especially to a social or
political development.
Synonyms: Adverse reaction/Response,
Counteraction
Antonyms: Cause, Question
Usage: A public backlash against racism
10) Substantial (Adjective) -- काफ� महतव का
Definition: Of considerable importance, size,
or worth.
Synonyms: Considerable, Real, Material,
Weighty
Antonyms: Insubstantial, Worthless
Usage: A substantial amount of cash
Editorial 21 – 11 – 2018
1) Discord (Noun) -- कलह
Definition: Disagreement between people.
Synonyms: Strife, Conflict, Friction, Hostility
Antonyms: Agreement, Accord, Harmony
Usage: The U.S.-China discord at APEC
highlights the dangers of their tariff war.
2) Communiqué (Noun) -- ि विज�
Definition: An official announcement or
statement, especially one made to the media.
Synonyms: Press release, Bulletin, Message
Usage: The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC) organisation wrapped up its summit
with no joint communiqué issued.
3) Rivalry (Noun) -- �ि त� ंि �ता
Definition: Competition for the same objective
or for superiority in the same field.

Synonyms: Competitiveness, Discord,
Antagonism
Antonyms: Accord, Agreement, Calm
Usage: The economic rivalry between
Washington and Beijing appeared to fracture the
21-nation summit into two segments.
4) Stemmed (Verb) – उतप� होना
Definition: Originate in or be caused by.
Synonyms: Have its origins in, Arise from,
Originate from, Spring from, Derive from
Antonyms: Cause, Give rise to, Be independent
of
Usage: The source of the friction stemmed
from the Trump administration’s “America
First” policy, under which Washington led the
charge on “unfair trade practices”.
5) Accusation (Noun) -- दोषारोप
Definition: A charge or claim that someone
has done something illegal or wrong.
Synonyms: Allegation, Charge, Claim,
Assertion

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Antonyms: Approval, Commendation, Praise,

Compliment
Usage: This was an implicit accusation that
China wasn’t levelling the playing field in global
trade.
6) Eschew (Verb) -- परहे ज़ करना
Definition: Deliberately avoid using; Abstain
from.
Synonyms: Abstain from, Refrain from, Give
up
Antonyms: Indulge in
Usage: He called upon nations to eschew
loans
7) Plenary (Adjective) – अयोगय या पण ू र
Definition: Unqualified; Absolute.
Synonyms: Unconditional, Unlimited,
Unrestricted
Antonyms: Incomplete, Limited, Part
Usage: The Chinese message at the plenary
was a strategic one
8) Mince (verb) – कम करके बोलना
Definition: Walk with short quick steps in an
affectedly dainty manner.
Synonyms: Walk affectedly, Teeter, Waddle,
Skip
Antonyms: Reveal, Tell all
Usage: President Xi Jinping did not mince
words in touting Beijing’s Belt and Road
Initiative.
9) Predominance -- वचरसव
Definition: The possession or exertion of
control or power.
Synonyms: Supremacy, Mastery, Control,
Power, Ascendancy, Dominance
Antonyms: Inferior, Minor, Secondary,
Subordinate
Usage: The Asia-Pacific landscape as a means
to secure economic predominance worldwide.
10) Portend (verb) -- संके त दे ना
Definition: Be a sign or warning that
(something, especially something momentous or
calamitous) is likely to happen.
Synonyms: Presage, Augur, Foreshadow,
Foretell, Prophesy
Usage: To understand what this clash of the
global economic titans portends for the world
trading system, it is instructive to examine the
path of their mutual conflict thus far.
Editorial 22 – 11 – 2018
1) Glimmer (Verb) -- िअसथर �ि त�बब दे ना
Definition: To give off a subdued unsteady
reflection
Synonyms: Ace, Bit, Crumb, Dab, Dram
Antonyms: Abundance, Barrel, Boatload

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Usage: The conviction of two men offers a
glimmer of hope to other victims of the anti
Sikh pogrom.
2) Pogrom (Noun) – नरसंहार या वध
Definition: An organized massacre of a
particular ethnic group
Synonyms: Massacre, Slaughter
Usage: The conviction of two men offers a
glimmer of hope to other victims of the anti-Sikh
pogrom.
3) Resurrected (Verb) – पन ु ज�ि वत करना
Definition: Revive or revitalize (something
that is inactive, disused, or forgotten).
Synonyms: Revive, Restore, Regenerate,
Revitalize
Antonyms: Death, Expiration, Extinction
Usage: A mob attack on shop-keepers in
Mahipalpur, was resurrected after being
closed as ‘untraced’
4) Discrepancy (Noun) -- असंगगत
Definition: An illogical or surprising lack of
compatibility or similarity between two or more
facts.
Synonyms: Inconsistency, Difference,
Disparity
Antonyms: Similarity, Correspondence
Usage: The trial court has rightly brushed
aside minor discrepancies in evidence and
technical objections to the fresh investigation
being taken up, and concluded
5) Cogent (Adjective) – दृढ़ या आकषरक
Definition: (of an argument or case) clear,
logical, and convincing.
Synonyms: Convincing, Compelling, Strong
Antonyms: Vague, Unconvincing, Muddled
Usage: It was cogent and reliable
6) Henchman (Noun) -- अनुयायी
Definition: A faithful follower or political
supporter, especially one prepared to engage in
crime or violence by way of service.
Synonyms: Follower, Supporter, Assistant,
Aide, Helper, Adjutant
Antonyms: Leader
Usage: Investigators and prosecutors seldom
succeed in nailing political leaders and their key
henchmen.
7) Shoddy (Adjective) -- खराब गुणव� ा
Definition: Badly made or done.
Synonyms: Poor-quality, Inferior, Second-rate
Antonyms: Well made, Careful
Usage: The slow judicial process was made
even more excruciating by manipulated

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investigation and shoddy prosecution.

8) Efflux (Noun) – ि नवरहन
Definition: The flowing out of a substance or
particle.
Synonyms: Discharge, Effluence, Emanation
Antonyms: Influx, Inflow, Stand Still, Ebb
Usage: The latest verdict demonstrates that the
efflux of years need not be an impediment to
the project of securing justice.
9) Clerics (Noun) -- मौमलवय�
Definition: A priest or religious leader,
especially a Christian or Muslim one.
Synonyms: Chaplain, Clergyman, Minister,
Priest.
Usage: The clerics had gathered to mark the
birth anniversary of Prophet Mohammed
10) sacrilege (Noun) -- अवपव� ीकरण
Definition: Violation or misuse of what is
regarded as sacred.
Synonyms: Desecration, Profanity,
Profaneness
Antonyms: Piety, Respectfulness
Usage: Putting ecclesiastical vestments to
secular use was considered sacrilege

11) Venerate (Verb) -- सममाि नत करना
Definition: Regard with great respect; revere
Synonyms: Revere, Reverence, Respect,
Worship, Adulate
Antonyms: Despise
Usage: Hardline Sunnis consider venerating
the Prophet’s birthday sacrilegious
Editorial 23 – 11 – 2018
Definition: A person making a claim,
especially in a lawsuit or for a state benefit.
Synonyms: Applicant, Candidate, Supplicant
Usage: In dissolving the Jammu and Kashmir
Assembly without giving any claimant an
opportunity to form the government, Governor
as violated constitutional law and convention.
2) Extraneous (Adjective) -- अ� ासंि गक
Definition: Irrelevant or unrelated to the
subject being dealt with.
Synonyms: Irrelevant, Immaterial
Antonyms: Intrinsic
Usage: A government formed by parties with
“opposing political ideologies” would not be
stable — are extraneous.
3) Deprecate (Verb) – असवीकृ ि त �� करना
Definition: Express disapproval of.
Synonyms: Disapprove of, Deplore, Abhor,
Find unacceptable

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Antonyms: Praise
Usage: The Governor ought to have known that
the Supreme Court has deprecated such a line
of reasoning.
4) Mala fide (Adjective) -- दभ ु ारवनापूणर
Definition: In bad faith; with intent to deceive.
Synonyms: Ambidextrous, Backhanded,
Deceitful, Deceptive
Usage: Bihar Governor Buta Singh’s
recommendation for dissolving the Assembly the
previous year was held to be illegal and mala
fide.
5) Requisite (Adjective) -- आवशयक
Definition: Made necessary by particular
circumstances or regulations.
Synonyms: Necessary, Required, Prerequisite
Antonyms: Optional, Unnecessary
Usage: In Bihar, the Assembly was then in
suspended animation as no party or
combination had the requisite majority.
5) Enfeeble (verb) -- कमज़ोर बनाना
Definition: Make weak or feeble.
Synonyms: Weaken, Make weak, Make feeble
Antonyms: Strengthen
Usage: Trade unions are in an enfeebled state.
6) Guile (Noun) -- धूतरता
Definition: Sly or cunning intelligence.
Synonyms: Cunning, Craftiness, Craft,
Artfulness
Antonyms: Honesty, Candour
Usage: Some fine batsmen, a bunch of incisive
fast bowlers and spinners with guile.
7) Incisive (Adjective) -- भेदक
Definition: (of a person or mental process)
intelligently analytical and clear-thinking.
Synonyms: Penetrating, Acute, Sharp
Antonyms: Rambling, Vague
Usage: She was an incisive critic.
8) Debilitate (Verb) -- ब�त कमजोर और अश�
बनाना
Definition: Make (someone) very weak and
infirm.
Synonyms: Weakening, Enfeebling, Enervating
Antonyms: Restorative
Usage: He was severely debilitated by a
stomach upset.

9) Sober (Adjective) -- गंभीर
Definition: serious, sensible, and solemn.
Synonyms: Serious, Sensible, Solemn
Antonyms: Light-hearted, Frivolous,
Sensational, Emotional
Usage: A sober view of life.

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10) Tumult (Noun) -- कोलाहल

Definition: A state of confusion or disorder.
Synonyms: Turmoil, Confusion, Disorder,
Disarray
Antonyms: Peace, Tranquillity
Usage: The whole neighbourhood was in a state
of fear and tumult.
Editorial 24 – 11 – 2018
1) Rescind (Verb) – ि नरसन करना
Definition: Revoke, cancel, or repeal (a law,
order, or agreement).
Synonyms: Revoke, Repeal, Cancel, Reverse,
Abrogate
Antonyms: Enforce, Enact
Usage: The Polish government’s decision to
rescind the forced retirement of several
Supreme Court judges.
2) Strident (Adjective) – कठोरता से
Definition: Presenting a point of view,
especially a controversial one, in an excessively
forceful way.
Synonyms: Harsh, Raucous, Rough, Grating
Usage: Public pronouncements on the crisis
became less strident.
3) Adjudicate (Verb) -- िअगधनणरय करना
Definition: Make a formal judgement on a
disputed matter.
Synonyms: Judge, Adjudge, Try, Hear,
Examine
Antonyms: Equivocate, Hedge, Pussyfoot,
Skirt
Usage: He was adjudicated bankrupt
4) Encroachment (Noun) -- िअत�मण
Definition: Intrusion on a person's territory,
rights, etc.
Synonyms: Intrusion into, Trespass on,
Invasion of, Infiltration of
Antonyms: Give, Ignore, Keep off
Usage: Urban encroachment of habitat
5) Flak (Noun) -- मजबत ू आलोचना
Definition: Strong criticism
Synonyms: Criticism, Censure, Disapproval
Antonyms: Approval, Commendation,
Compliment, Endorsement
Usage: You must be strong enough to take the
flak if things go wrong
6) Overhaul (Noun) -- पुन�नमारण, पुन�न�मत
Definition: A thorough examination of
machinery or a system, with repairs or changes
made if necessary.
Synonyms: Overtake, Pass, rebuild, renovate,
revamp
Antonyms: Break, Damage, Destroy, Hurt

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Usage: A major overhaul of environmental

policies
7) Concord (Noun) -- सामंजसय
Definition: Agreement or harmony between
people or groups
Synonyms: Agreement, Harmony, Accord,
Consensus
Antonyms: Disagreement, Discord
Usage: A pact of peace and concord
8) Heal (Verb) -- सवसथ करना
Definition: Cause (a wound, injury, or person)
to become sound or healthy again.
Synonyms: Make better, Make well, Cure,
Treat successfully

Antonyms: Make worse, Harmful
Usage: His concern is to heal sick people
9) Balm (Noun) -- राहत, आराम
Definition: Something that has a soothing or
restorative effect
Synonyms: Relief, Comfort, Ease, Consolation
Antonyms: Exacerbation
Usage: The murmur of the water can provide
balm for troubled spirits
10) Initiative (Noun) -- पहल
Definition: The ability to assess and initiate
things independently
Synonyms: Enterprise, Inventiveness,
Resourcefulnes
Antonyms: Unimaginativeness
Usage: Use your initiative, imagination, and
common sense
Editorial 26 – 11 – 2018
1) Morbidity (Noun) -- �गणता
Definition: The condition of being diseased.
Synonyms: Morbidness, Cognitive, State of
mind
Antonyms: Materiality Humaneness
Changeableness Fidelity
Usage: India has suffered from a major burden
of malaria for decades, with high levels of
morbidity and death.
2) Epidemic (Noun) -- महामारी
Definition: A widespread occurrence of an
infectious disease in a community at a particular
time.
Synonyms: Outbreak, Plague, Scourge,
Infestation
Antonyms: limited, local
Usage: India’s record offers great promise in
the quest to cut the number of new cases and
deaths globally by at least 40% by 2020, and to
end the epidemic by 2030.

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3) Accredit (Verb) -- �तयाि यत करना

Definition: Give credit to (someone) for
something.
Synonyms: Recognize, License, Authorize,
Approve, Certify
Antonyms: Ban
Usage: Investments made there in recruiting
accredited social health workers and large
scale distribution of insecticide-treated bednets.
4) Complacency (Noun) -- आतमतुि �
Definition: A feeling of smug or uncritical
satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements.
Synonyms: Smugness, Self-satisfaction, Self
approval, Self-approbation
Antonyms: Dissatisfaction
Usage: The figures are better, but there are no
grounds for complacency.
5) Efficacious (Adjective) -- �भावी
Definition: (of something inanimate or
abstract) successful in producing a desired or
intended result; effective.
Synonyms: Effective, Effectual, Efficacy
Antonyms: Inefficacy, Ineffective,
Inefficacious, Powerlessness
Usage: This treatment was efficacious in
some cases.
6) Replicate (Verb) -- दोहराने
Definition: Make an exact copy of; reproduce.
Synonyms: Copy, Reproduce, Duplicate
Antonyms: Originate
Usage: It might be impractical to replicate
Eastern culture in the west
7) Extinction (Noun) -- ि वल� ु होना
Definition: The state or process of being or
becoming extinct.
Synonyms: Dying out, Disappearance,
Vanishing, Death

Antonyms: Rescue, Salvage, Salvation, Saving,
Conservation
Usage: The extinction of the great auk
8) Foolhardy (Adjective) – लापरवाही
Definition: Recklessly bold or rash
Synonyms: Reckless, Rash, Incautious,
Careless, Heedless
Antonyms: Wise
Usage: It would be foolhardy to go into the
scheme without support
9) Meticulous (Adjective) – सावधानीपूवरक
Definition: Showing great attention to detail;
very careful and precise
Synonyms: Careful, Conscientious, Diligent
Antonyms: Careless, Sloppy, Slapdash

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Usage: The designs are hand-glazed with

meticulous care.
10) Intruder (Noun) -- घुसेड़नेवाला
Definition: A person who intrudes, especially
into a building with criminal intent.
Synonyms: Trespasser, Interloper, Invader,
Prowler
Usage: An inveterate intruder, he needs to
get a life
11) Poacher (Noun) – ि शकार का चोर
Definition: A person who hunts or catches
game or fish illegally.
Synonyms: Smuggle, Appropriate, Encroach,
Filch, Intrude
Antonyms: Give, Receive, Keep off
Usage: The young Ukrainian is a real goal
poacher and can put away chances most
strikers wouldn't even attempt.
Editorial 27 – 11 – 2018
1) Affiliate (Verb) -- संब� करना
Definition: Officially attach or connect (a
subsidiary group or a person) to an organization.
Synonyms: Associated, Allied, Related,
Integrated
Antonyms: Unrelated
Usage: The Bharatiya Janata Party and
affiliates of the Sangh Parivar have begun
mobilisation in the name of a Ram temple at
Ayodhya.
2) Unequivocal (Adjective) – असं�दगध या सप�
Definition: Leaving no doubt; unambiguous.
Synonyms: Unambiguous, Unmistakable,
Indisputable, Incontrovertible, Indubitable
Antonyms: Equivocal, Ambiguous, Vague
Usage: The party has been anything but
unequivocal about this position
3) Affirm (Verb) -- िअभप� ु करना
Definition: State emphatically or publicly.
Synonyms: Declare, State, Assert, Aver,
Proclaim, Pronounce
Antonyms: Deny
Usage: With a sixth World Championship gold,
Kom affirms her place as one the greatest
boxers
4) Amateur (Adjective) -- शौक़�न �ि � या
अ�वसायी
Definition: A person who engages in a pursuit,
especially a sport, on an unpaid basis.
Synonyms: Non-professional, Non-specialist,
Layman, Layperson
Antonyms: Professional
Usage: Félix Savón, the Cuban great who ruled
amateur boxing in the 1980s and 1990s.
5) Defy (Verb) – चन ु ौती दे ना

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Definition: Appear to be challenging

(someone) to do or prove something.
Synonyms: Challenge, Dare
Antonyms: Obey, Surrender
Usage: Kom has always defied the odds.
6) Stereotype (Noun) -- टकसाली

Definition: A widely held but fixed and
oversimplified image or idea of a particular type
of person or thing.
Synonyms: Typecast, Pigeonhole,
Conventionalize, Standardize, Categorize
Antonyms: Unconventional, Original, Fresh
Usage: She has busted gender stereotypes,
and overcome the odds posed by the lack of
resources and poor infrastructure.
7) Remuneration (Noun) -- पा�र�ि मक
Definition: Money paid for work or a service.
Synonyms: Payment, Pay, Salary, Wages;
Earnings
Antonyms: Underpayment, Nonpayment
Usage: Customers who are tardy in their
remuneration will be subject to extra charges.
8) Crucial (Adjective) – ि नणारयक या
आलोचनातमक
Definition: Decisive or critical, especially in
the success or failure of something.
Synonyms: Pivotal, Critical, Key, Climacteric,
Decisive
Antonyms: Minor
Usage: This game is crucial to our survival
9) Reinforce (Verb) -- �बबलत करना
Definition: Strengthen or support (an object
or substance), especially with additional
material.
Synonyms: Strengthen, Fortify, Bolster up
Antonyms: Decrease, Diminish, Discourage,
Hinder
Usage: The helmet has been reinforced with a
double layer of cork
10) Consistent (Adjective) – ि सथर या सुसंगत
Definition: Acting or done in the same way
over time, especially so as to be fair or accurate.
Synonyms: Steady, Stable, Constant, Regular,
Even
Antonyms: Inconsistent, Irregular
Usage: The parents are being consistent and
firm in their reactions
Editorial 28 – 11 – 2018
1) Devastation (Noun) -- तबाही
Definition: Great destruction or damage.
Synonyms: Destruction, Ruin, Desolation,
Depredation

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Antonyms: Building, Construction, Erection,

Raising
Usage: The devastation suffered by tens of
thousands of people in several districts of the
State has been severe.
2) Heave (Verb) – राहत क� सांस लेना
Definition: Lift or haul (something heavy) with
great effort.
Synonyms: Haul, Pull, Lug, Manhandle, Drag
Antonyms: Push
Usage: when the cyclone struck, the State
heaved a sigh of relief since the death toll was
relatively low.
3) Displacement (Verb) -- ि वसथापन
Definition: The enforced departure of people
from their homes, typically because of war,
persecution, or natural disaster.
Synonyms: Ostracism, Extradition, Diaspora,
Dispersion
Antonyms: Repatriation, Return, Immigration
Usage: It is now clear that the suffering, the
loss, and the displacement in large parts of
Tiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Thanjavur and
Pudukottai districts is of an enormous
magnitude.
4) Distraught (Adjective) -- � ाकु ल
Definition: Very worried and upset.
Synonyms: Worried, Upset, Distressed,
Fraught
Antonyms: Calm, Peaceful, Placid, Self
Possessed, Serene

Usage: Communities in the affected areas are
distraught as houses have collapsed, farms lie
ruined, water sources are contaminated and
electricity supply remains disrupted.
5) Cripple (Adjective) -- ककत�सत
Definition: Severely damaged.
Synonyms: Ruin, Destroy, Wipe Out, Crush
Antonyms: Boost
Usage: The cyclone has crippled agriculture
and livelihoods in a fertile region, felling
thousands of productive trees and killing
livestock.
6) Hobble (Verb) -- लंगड़ाना
Definition: Walk in an awkward way, typically
because of pain from an injury.
Synonyms: Limp, Walk with a limp, Walk with
difficulty
Antonyms: Stride
Usage: Between 60% and 80% of the coconut
trees in the region have fallen, hobbling Tamil
Nadu’s farmers, who contribute a quarter of
India’s coconuts with the highest unit yield.

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7) Moratorium (Noun) -- िअधसथगन

Definition: A temporary prohibition of an
activity.
Synonyms: Embargo, Ban, Prohibition,
Suspension
Antonyms: Continuance, Continuation
Usage: It is equally important to assure the
large number of stricken farmers that there will
be a moratorium on any agricultural loans
that they have taken, while a fair compensation
scheme is prepared.
8) Paupers (Noun) -- कं गाल
Definition: A very poor person
Synonyms: Poor person, Indigent, Bankrupt,
Insolvent
Antonyms: Rich, Wealthy
Usage: Many of them have invested in trees and
livestock expecting long-term returns, but have
been rendered paupers overnight.
9) Mitigation (Noun) -- शमन
Definition: The action of reducing the severity,
seriousness, or painfulness of something.
Synonyms: Alleviation, Reduction, Diminution
Antonyms: Intensification
Usage: The Tamil Nadu government has given
the Centre a memorandum seeking nearly
₹15,000 crore for restoration, rehabilitation and
mitigation, besides ₹1,431 crore for immediate
relief work.
10) Wrought (Adjective) -- गढ़ा
Definition: Beaten out or shaped by
hammering.
Synonyms: Composition, Number, Opus
Usage: Cyclone Gaja has wrought terrible
devastation, and the relief programme must
match it in scale.
Editorial 28 – 11 – 2018
1) Onerous (Adjective) -- क�दायक
Definition: (of a task or responsibility)
involving a great deal of effort, trouble, or
difficulty.
Synonyms: Burdensome, Heavy, Inconvenient,
Troublesome
Antonyms: Easy, Effortless
Usage: There is still the onerous task of
resolving the bad loans stock, which is at a little
over ₹10 lakh crore now.
2) Détente (Noun) -- सुखभोग
Definition: The easing of hostility or strained
relations, especially between countries.
Synonyms: Easement, Pause, Policy,
Precaution
Antonyms: Disruptive

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Mo nthly Editorial – November 2018

Usage: Though he was careful not to say Usage: Tanks and heavy artillery.
anything that would break the détente forged 8) Schism (Noun) – फू ट
by the Centre and the central bank at its last Definition: A split or division between strongly
board meeting on November 19. opposed sections or parties, caused by
3) Escalation (Noun) -- विृ � differences in opinion or belief.
Definition: A rapid increase; a rise. Synonyms: Division, Split, Rift, Breach,
Synonyms: Rapid increase, Rise, Hike, Rupture
Advance, Growth Antonyms: Concurrence, Cooperation
Antonyms: Plunge, Relaxation Usage: The widening schism between Church
Usage: The rapid escalation in tensions leaders and politicians
following the flare-up is evident. 9) Provocation (Noun) – उकसावा
4) Detention (Noun) – ि हरासत Definition: Action or speech that makes
Definition: the action of detaining someone or someone angry, especially deliberately.
the state of being detained in official custody. Synonyms: Incitement, Rousing, Stirring,
Synonyms: Custody, Imprisonment, Stimulation
Confinement, Incarceration Antonyms: Compliment, Discouragement,
Antonyms: Emancipation, Freedom, Happiness, Hindrance
Liberation Usage: You should remain calm and not
Usage: The fifteen people arrested were still in respond to provocation
police detention. 10) Perceive (Verb) – समझना
5) Impound (Verb) -- ज़बत करना Definition: Become aware or conscious of
Definition: seize and take legal custody of (something); come to realize or understand.
(something, especially a vehicle, goods, or Synonyms: Discern, Recognize
documents) because of an infringement of a law. Antonyms: Disregard, Ignore, Neglect,
Synonyms: Confiscate, Appropriate Overpass
Antonyms: Free, Let Go, Release, Abandon Usage: His mouth fell open as he perceived
Usage: Vehicles parked where they cause an the truth
obstruction will be impounded. Editorial 30-11-2018
6) Coincide (Verb) – एक ही समय म� होना 1). Glean (Verb) -- ि नससारण करना
Definition: Occur at the same time. Definition: obtain (information) from various
Synonyms: Coexist, Concur; Clash, Conflict sources, often with difficulty
Antonyms: Differ Synonyms: obtain, get, take, draw, derive,
Usage: Publication is timed to coincide with a extract, cull, garner, gather, reap
major exhibition. Antonyms: distribute, dispense, apportion,
7) Artillery (Noun) -- तोपखाना spread
Definition: Large-calibre guns used in warfare Usage: the information is gleaned from press
on land. cuttings
Synonyms: Ordnance, Cannonry 2). Aggrieved (Adjective) – परे शान

Definition: feeling resentment at having been
unfairly treated.
Synonyms: resentful, affronted, indignant,
disgruntled, discontented, angry, distressed,
unhappy, disturbed, anguished, hurt, pained,
upset
Antonyms: comforted, happy, pleased
Usage: they were aggrieved at the outcome
3). Contestation (Noun) – तकर या मुकाबला
Definition: the action or process of disputing
or arguing.
Synonyms: argument, contest, contention,
debate, dispute, controversy, disagreement

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Antonyms: agreement, harmony, peace, quiet

Usage: ideological contestation over social
policy in the European Union
4). Precise (Adjective) – सटीक
Definition: marked by exactness and accuracy
of expression or detail.
Synonyms: exact, accurate, correct, error-free,
pinpoint, specific, detailed, explicit
Antonyms: imprecise, inaccurate, ambiguous,
improper, flexible, general, incorrect
Usage: precise directions
5). Prone (Adjective) - िअतसंवेदनशील
Definition: likely or liable to suffer from, do, or
experience something unpleasant or regrettable
Synonyms: susceptible, vulnerable, liable,
inclined, given, subject, disposed, predisposed
Antonyms: resistant, immune, unlikely,
upright, straight
Usage: farmed fish are prone to disease
6). Stagger (Verb) – आ�यरच�कत होना
Definition: astonish or deeply shock
Synonyms: astonish, amaze, nonplus, startle,
astound, surprise, bewilder, stun, flabbergast,
shock, shake
Antonyms: carry on, continue, stay
Usage: I was staggered to find it was six
o'clock
7). Vulnerable (Adjective) - भे�
Definition: exposed to the possibility of being
attacked or harmed, either physically or
emotionally.
Synonyms: endangered, unsafe, unprotected,
ill-protected, unguarded
Antonyms: invulnerable, resilient
Usage: we were in a vulnerable position
8). Consensus (Noun) - आम सहममत
Definition: a general agreement.
Synonyms: agreement, harmony, concord,
like-mindedness, concurrence, consent,
common consent, accord, unison, unity,
unanimity
Antonyms: withhold, remove, denial,
dissension, opposition
Usage: there is a growing consensus that the
current regime has failed
9). Perspective (Noun) – प�र� े�य
Definition: a particular attitude towards or
way of regarding something; a point of view.
Synonyms: outlook, view, viewpoint, position,
stand, stance, angle, slant, attitude
Antonyms: hopeless, unpromising, ineffectual
Usage: most guidebook history is written from
the editor's perspective
10). Aggravate (Verb) - बदतर करना

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Definition: make (a problem, injury, or

offence) worse or more serious.
Synonyms: bother, irritate, provoke,
exasperate, grate
Antonyms: aid, delight, help, please
Usage: military action would only aggravate
the situation

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February 2019 – Editorial Vocabulary

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4) Disburse (Verb) – चुकाना

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

prepared for the new age wars in general or is it

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Usage: In a January 2018 article, the Economist

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wheel that is worn on a rider's heel and used for

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

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decision to withdraw from the Intermediate

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

Meaning: (of an action) characterized by a desire

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ck, Reprisal, Requital

Antonyms: Fortunate, Successful, Beneficial

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Synonyms: Uproar, Tumult, Babel

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

7) Hamstrung (Verb) – पंगु होना

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could have sparked wider convulsions, and

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

large number of Opposition parties, and even had

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5) Burnish (Verb) – चमकाना

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

Usage: The BJP government has, however,

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Antonyms: Constant, Stable

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

6) Superfluity (Noun) -- िआधकय

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trauma, Partition witnessed a number of local

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

Synonyms: In love with, Infatuated with,

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February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

Antonyms: Mind, Saneness, Sanity

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government’s apathy in the face of this brazen act

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

Usage: It has tried to put the blame for previous

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approach to dissent and personal freedoms

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Congress in last year’s Assembly election, the BJP

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

Usage: In what heinous manner had the three

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7) Coercion (Noun) -- अवपीड़न

February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary

3) Rhetoric (Noun) -- अलंकार शा�

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but not meaningful or sincere

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February 2019 Month Editorial Vocabulary