大众创业万众创新 mass entrepreneurship and innovation

就业创业 employment and entrepreneurship

港独分子 “Hong Kong Independence” activists
美国总领馆 U.S. Consulate General
提出严正交涉 lodge stern representations
表达强烈不满和坚决反对 express strong disapproval and firm opposition
要求澄清 require clarification
维护国家主权安全的意志坚定不移 rock-firm in upholding national sovereignty
恪 守 国 际 法 和 国 际 关 系 基 本 准 则 abide by international law and basic norms governing
international relations
与各种反中分子划清界限 make a clean break from anti-China forces
停止插手香港事务 refrain from meddling with Hong Kong affairs
工作许可 workpermit
居留许可 residence permit
以邻为壑的汇率贬值 beggar-thy-neighbor currency devaluation
人民币汇率形成机制 the exchange rate formation mechanism of the Renminbi
保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定 keep the Renminbi exchange rate generally
stable on a reasonable and balanced level
人工智能开放创新平台 open and innovative artificial intelligence platforms
1. 中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定
Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on MajorIssues
Concerning the Enhancement of all-round Law-based Governance
2.坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进
make coordinated efforts to exercise law-based governance, political power and administration
3.从我国基本国情出发
based on China’s realities
4.汲取中华法律文化精华
draw on the fine legacy of the Chinese legal culture
5.完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系
improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, at the heart of which is the
Constitution/ with the Constitution at its heart
6.人民是依法治国的主体和力量源泉。
The people are major participants in conducting law-based governance and provide the source of
strength for it.
7.把贿赂犯罪对象由财物扩大为财物和其他财产性利益
expand the definition of a bribe from “property” alone to “property or/and other things of
benefits”
8.坚持以事实为根据、以法律为准绳，健全事实认定符合客观真相、办案结果符合实体公
正、办案过程符合程序公正的法律制度
upholding the legal system with the following features: administration of justice is based on facts
and law, findings are consistent with facts, substantive justice is served as shown in the outcome
of cases handled and due procedures are observed in handling cases
9.严格执行重大执法决定法制审核制度
intensify efforts to maintain law and order
10.加快建设社会主义法治国家
press ahead with efforts to promote the socialist rule of law in China
11.建设中国特色社会主义法治体系
establish a system of socialist rule of law with distinctive Chinese features
1.制度化、规范化、程序化是社会主义民主政治的根本保障。
Socialist democracy can be fundamentally guaranteed through improved institutions, rules and
regulations, and well-defined procedures.
2.依法规范网络行为
regulate online activities in accordance with the law
3.依法加强和规范公共服务
improve and regulate public services on the basis of law
4.加强社会组织立法，规范和引导各类社会组织健康发展
improve legislation on social organizations through which to regulate and guide a sound
development of all types of social organizations
5.推进各级政府事权规范化、法律化
work to ensure that the powers/functions/mandates of the government at each level are stipulated
in law and the way they are exercised is consistent with laws and procedures
6.增强法律法规的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性
make our legislation more responsive, systematic, relevant, and effective
7.坚持系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理。
We will take a systematic, law-based, and holistic approach to governance and try to resolve root
causes of problems, if there are any.
8.贯彻落实总体国家安全观，加快国家安全法治建设，抓紧出台反恐怖等一批急需法律。
We need to adopt a holistic approach to national security, move more quickly to develop rule of
law in our national security efforts, and lose no time in enacting counter-terrorism laws that are
urgently needed.
9.依法规范司法人员与当事人、律师、特殊关系人、中介组织的接触、交往行为。
We should, as required by law, regulate (ensure proper) contact between judicial officers and
litigants, lawyers, special related persons, and intermediary agencies.
10.实现经济发展、政治清明、文化昌盛、社会公正、生态良好，实现我国和平发展的战略
目标。
so that China achieves economic growth, good governance, a flourishing culture, social justice,
and a healthy ecology, and attains its strategic goals for peaceful development.
11.社会主义核心价值观
socialist core values (core values of socialism)
12.使每一项立法都符合宪法精神
make sure that every piece of legislation is consistent with the Constitution
13.健全宪法实施和监督制度
improve the Constitution-enforcing system and the constitutional review system
14.坚持依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，坚持依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。
To exercise the law-based governance of China, first we must exercise governance of the country
based on the Constitution; to exercise state power on the basis of the law, first we must exercise
state power on the basis of the Constitution.
15.将每年十二月四日定为国家宪法日。
We will designate December 4th China’s Constitution Day.
16.建立宪法宣誓制度，凡经人大及其常委会选举或者决定任命的国家工作人员正式就职时
公开向宪法宣誓。
We will establish a system of pledging allegiance, whereby all those who are elected or appointed
to public office by people’s congresses or their standing committees make a public pledge of
allegiance to the Constitution when they officially assume office.
17.建立健全专门委员会、工作委员会立法专家顾问制度
establish a sound system whereby specialists may act as legislative advisors to the special
committees of people’s congresses and the legislative affairs commissions of the standing
committees of people’s congresses
18.引入第三方评估
introduce third party evaluation
19.推进基层民主和行业自律
promote democracy at the community level and industry self-regulation
20.行政机关不得法外设定权力。
Government bodies shall not assume power which is not prescribed by law.
21.重大决策终身责任追究制度及责任倒查机制
a lifelong retroactive accountability mechanism for major decisions and a mechanism for
retroactive investigation of accountability for major decisions
22.推进综合执法
carry out coordinated law enforcement
23.行政强制执行体制
a system of enforcing administrative decisions
24.司法行政机关
judicial administrative authorities
25.推动实行审判权和执行权相分离的体制改革试点
keep power of adjudication and power of enforcement separated
26.司法人员
those working in the judiciary
27.建立健全社会矛盾预警机制、利益表达机制、协商沟通机制、救济救助机制
establish sound mechanisms for giving early warning about social conflicts, giving people
channels to express their interests, settling conflicts through consultation and mediation, and
providing legal remedies and assistance
28.行业性、专业性人民调解组织
sector-wide and industry-wide organizations for mediation
29.完善立体化社会治安防控体系
improve the multi-dimensional system for maintaining law and order
30.查处执法犯法
investigate and penalize law-enforcement officers for breaking laws/abuse of power
31.提高职业素养和专业水平
improve their professional qualities/standards/performance and competence
32.完善法律职业准入制度
perfect the system for admission to legal professions
33.社会律师、公职律师、公司律师
private lawyers, public sector lawyers, and corporate lawyers
34.政法委员会
the public security and judicial committee
新一代人工智能 new-generation AI
新一轮科技革命和产业变革 the new round of technological revolution and industrial
transformation.
致慰问电 send a message of condolences
严重恐怖袭击 the grave terrorist attack
对遇难者表示深切的哀悼 express deep condolences over the victims
向 伤 者 和 遇 难 者 家 属 表 示 诚 挚 的 慰 问 convey heartfelt sympathy to the injured and the
bereaved families
坚决反对一切形式的恐怖主义 firmly oppose terrorism in all its forms
对这次恐怖袭击予以强烈谴责 strongly condemn the terrorist attack
高速增长阶段
a phase of rapid growth
供给侧结构性改革
supply-side structural reform
一线城市 first-tier cities
优惠政策 favorable policies
政府补助 government subsidies
汇率操纵国 a currency manipulator
量化标准 quantitative criteria
任性的单边主义和保护主义行为 arbitrary unilateral and protectionist practice
加征关税 impose additional tariffs
良好经济基本面 sound fundamentals
准切入点 find the best way
大力推进结构性改革 advance structural reform
发展数字经济 promote the digital economy
促进互联互通 enhance connectivity
完善社会保障措施 improve social security
适应未来发展趋势的产业结构、政策框架、管理体系 a future-oriented industry structure,
policy framework and management system
提升经济运行效率和韧性，努力实现高质量发展 enhance the efficiency and resilience of the
economy and strive for high-quality development
弱鸟先飞 weak birds take flight early
滴水穿石 constant dropping wears away a stone
巩固脱贫成果 consolidate achievements made in poverty relief
努 力 走 出 一 条 具 有 闽 东 特 色 的 乡 村 振 兴 之 路 work hard to embark on a path of rural
vitalization reflecting the characteristics of eastern Fujian Province
就业是最大的民生。要坚持就业优先战略和积极就业政策，实现更高质量和更充分就业。
Employment is pivotal to people's wellbeing. We must give high priority to employment and
pursue a proactive employment policy, striving to achieve fuller employment and create better
quality jobs.
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
全球资金的“洼地” hotspot for global capital
坚决打击短期投机炒作 crack down on short-term speculation
贸易争端 trade dispute
附加关税 additional tariffs
人民币贬值 the RMB yuan depreciation
在合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定 keep basically stable at a reasonable and balanced level
单边主义和贸易保护主义措施 unilateral land trade protectionist measures
宏观层面 macro perspective
财政状况 fiscal position
跨境资本流动 cross-border capital movement
社会公德 social morality
商业道德 business ethics
诚信网络 honest cyberspace
失信行为 dishonest behavior
网络公信力 online credibility
信息基础设施建设 information infrastructure
产业互联网 industrial internet
军民融合战略 the strategy of military-civilian integration
对恶劣行径予以严厉谴责 strongly condemn the egregious acts
将中国国旗扔入海中 fling the Chinese national flag into the sea
激进示威者 radical protesters
公然冒犯国家、民族尊严 blatantly offend the state and national dignity
肆意践踏“一国两制”原则底线 wantonly trample on the bottom line of the “one country, two
systems” principle
司法机构 judicial organs
侮辱国旗的丑陋行径 ugly flag-insulting acts
滑进犯罪的深渊 slip into the abyss of criminality
苟日新，日日新，又日新
If you can improve yourself in a day, do so each day, forever building on improvement.
千里之行，始于足下
A journey of a thousand li begins with a single step.
政贵有恒
Consistency is valuable in governance.
功崇惟志，业广惟勤
Great accomplishments require ambition and tireless effort.
鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已
I will work heart and soul for my country to the day I draw my last breath.
兄弟齐心，其利断金
When brothers come together, there is nothing they cannot achieve.
君子一言，驷马难追
A word spoken is a word that must be honored.
热门景点 tourist hotspots
网络实名购票 real-name online ticketing
刷脸进站 face-scanning check-in
自动检票机 automatic fare-collection gate
脸部信息 facial information
票证信息相符 ticket information conforms to ID card information
人脸识别技术 facial recognition technology
脸部特征 facial features
身份识别 identity recognition
生物识别技术 biological recognition technology
路怒 road rage
掉头 perform a U-turn
大檐帽 a wide-rimmed hat
衣着寒酸 in shoddy clothes
斑马线 zebra crossing
肆无忌惮的举止 unscrupulous gestures
嚣张跋扈的行为 imperious deeds
病毒式传播 go viral
带薪休假 paid leave
过劳死 death from overwork
定期提薪 regular pay raise
退职金 retirement allowance
跳槽 change jobs
频繁跳槽 job-hopping
法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设 a holistic approach to strengthening the rule oflaw
in the country, in its government, and in society
有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究 ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and
strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account
一国两制 one country, two systems
香港特别行政区 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
港人治港 the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong
强军 strengthen the military
预备役 reserve force
军队备战 combat preparedness of the armed forces
解 决 同 新 时 代 、 新 使 命 、 新 体 制 不 相 适 应 的 政 策 性 问 题 address the incompatibility of
policies with the new era, new missions and new institutions
解放思想 emancipate the mind
不合时宜的思想和行为 outdated mentalities and acts
军事政策制度 military policies and institutions
理财 wealth management
互联网金融服务 online financial services
不合理消费 unreasonable consumption
量入为出 live within one's means
依法治国 law-based governance of the country
依法执政 law-based exercise of state power
依法行政 law-based administration of government
依宪治国 governance of the country on the basis of its Constitution
临时收入 occasional income
不动产收入 income from real estate
可支配收入 disposable income
可课税收入 taxable income
税前收入 pretax earnings
税后收入 after tax earnings
积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal policy
国内生产总值增长 GDP growth
财政赤字 fiscal deficit
收入分配 income distribution
经济去杠杆 deleverage the economy
稳健的货币政策 a prudent monetary policy
把国有企业降杠杆作为重中之重 prioritize reducing leverage in state-owned enterprises.
12.坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设

build a country, government and society under the rule of law

13.社会主义市场经济本质上是法治经济。

The socialist market economy is a law-based economy.

14.贯彻中国特色社会主义法治理论

apply the theory of developing socialist rule of law with distinctive Chinese features

15.增强全民法治观念/推动全社会树立法治意识

heighten public awareness of the rule of law

16.加强理想信念教育，深入开展社会主义核心价值观和社会主义法治理念教育

encourage people to have faith in shared ideals and convictions, live by socialist core values and
abide by the socialist rule of law

17.突出政治标准，把善于运用法治思维和法治方式推动工作的人选拔到领导岗位上来。

Using political integrity as an important criterion, we will select to positions of leadership those
who observe the rule of law in both thinking and action.

18.法治人才

competent personnel for enforcing the rule of law

19.法治专门队伍
Legislative, judicial and law enforcement personnel

20.社会主义法治工作队伍

personnel working to enforce the socialist rule of law

21.只有在党的领导下依法治国、厉行法治，人民当家作主才能充分实现，国家和社会生活
法治化才能有序推进。

Only law-based governance and the rule of law under the leadership of the Party can ensure that
the people fully exercise their power as masters of the country and that steady progress will be
made in promoting the rule of law in the country and society.

22.把信访纳入法治化轨道，保障合理合法诉求依照法律规定和程序就能得到合理合法的结
果。

We should handle people’s complaints filed and concerns expressed through letters or in person in
accordance with the law to ensure that their reasonable and legitimate complaints and concerns are
addressed according to due legal procedures and provisions.

23.有的法律法规未能全面反映客观规律和人民意愿，针对性、可操作性不强。

Certain laws and regulations do not fully reflect objective laws or the will of the people, are not
well targeted and are weak in terms of enforceability.

24.法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提。

The law is vital to the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good
governance.

25.力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义

We should let the people see that justice is served in every case tried.

26.坚决惩治司法掮客行为，防止利益输送。

We must resolutely crack down on brokering justice and prevent the tunneling of
interests/transferring of vested interests.

27.坚决破除各种潜规则，绝不允许法外开恩，绝不允许办关系案、人情案、金钱案。

We must do away with all hidden rules and make it absolutely impermissible to grant leniency by
bending the law or handle any case under the influence of personal connections, personal favor or
bribe.

28.对司法领域的腐败零容忍，坚决清除害群之马。

We must show zero tolerance towards judicial corruption and root out corrupt elements.

29.苗头性倾向性问题

emerging problems and adverse trend

30.立法工作中部门化倾向、争权推责现象较为突出。

Pursuing vested interests and vying for power while shirking responsibilities by government
departments concerned are major problems affecting law making.

31.知法犯法、以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法现象依然存在。

There are still problems of some officials knowingly breaking the law, overriding the law with
their own arbitrary views, placing power above the authority of law and abusing the law for
personal gains.

32.我国宪法确立了中国共产党的领导地位。

The leadership of the CPC is established by/provided for in China’s Constitution.

33.坚决纠正不作为、乱作为

thoroughly redress acts of nonfeasance and misfeasance/address inaction and abuse of power

34.加强社会主义协商民主制度建设

strengthen efforts to develop the system of socialist consultative democracy

35.建立健全行政裁量权基准制度

establish a sound system of benchmarks for exercising discretionary government power

36.司法公正对社会公正具有重要引领作用，司法不公对社会公正具有致命破坏作用。

Judicial justice enhances social justice, while judicial injustice cripples it.

37.要对法律怀有敬畏之心，牢记法律红线不可逾越、法律底线不可触碰

hold the law in awe and reverence and never challenge or cross the red line of the law
38.加强社会诚信建设，健全公民和组织守法信用记录，完善守法诚信褒奖机制和违法失信
行为惩戒机制，使遵法守法成为全体人民共同追求和自觉行动。

We should raise the credibility standards of the public, keep a good record of citizens’ and
organizations’ observance of law and credibility, and refine mechanism that commend those who
obey the law and have credibility and punish those who break the law or lose credibility. This will
ensure that the people willingly respect and abide by the law.

强台风利奇马席卷中国东部。The powerful typhoon Lekima churns through China’s east coast.

装填沙袋 stack sandbags

清理街道积水 drain water off the street

断电 power cuts

通讯中断 disruption of telecommunications

暴雨 torrential downpours

直接经济损失 direct economic losses

再次登陆 make a second landing

发布暴雨红色预警 issue a red alert for heavy rain

撤离到安全地带 evacuate to safe places

教育公平 education equality

素质教育 all-round education

终身学习体系 an education system of lifelong learning

家和万事兴 harmony in a family makes everything successful

兴家立业 make one's family prosper and establish a career

齐家治国 regulate one's family and rule the country

1.对新形势新任务，全面建成小康社会，进而建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国
家、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，必须在新的历史起点上全面深化改革，不断增强中
国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信。
Faced with a new environment and new tasks, we must deepen the reform comprehensively at this
new historical starting point, and continuously strengthen confidence in the path of, theory on and
system of socialism with Chinese characteristics so as to finish building a moderately prosperous
society in all respects, and eventually make China a modern socialist country that is prosperous,
strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious, and realize the Chinese dream of the
nation’s great renewal (revival/revitalization).

2.坚定信心，凝聚共识，统筹谋划，协同推进，坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，以促进
社会公平正义、增进人民福祉为出发点和落脚点，进一步解放思想、解放和发展社会生产
力、解放和增强社会活力，坚决破除各方面体制机制弊端，努力开拓中国特色社会主义事
业更加广阔的前景。

We should have full confidence, forge consensus, make holistic planning, and pursue development
in a coordinated way. We will keep to the direction of reform towards the socialist market
economy, take the promotion of social fairness, justice and improvement of people’s lives as the
starting point and ultimate goal, further free the mind, continue to release and grow the productive
forces, release and strengthen vigor of society, overcome various systemic defects and institutional
deficiencies, and strive to open up broader prospects for the cause of building socialism with
Chinese characteristics.

3.紧紧围绕建设社会主义核心价值体系、社会主义文化强国深化文化体制改革，加快完善
文化管理体制和文化生产经营机制，建立健全现代公共文化服务体系、现代文化市场体系
推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣。

We will deepen reform of the cultural sector to building the socialist core values and make China a
country with influential culture. We will accelerate improvement of the system for managing the
cultural sector and the mechanism for cultural production and operation, establish a sound modern
public cultural service system and a modern cultural market system and improve them, and thus
bring about great development and enrichment of socialist culture.

4.紧紧围绕建设美丽中国深化生态文明体制改革，加快建立生态文明制度，健全国土空间
开发、资源节约利用、生态环境保护的体制机制，推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设
新格局。

We will deepen ecological environment management reform to build a beautiful China. We will
accelerate system building to promote a sound ecology, improve institutions and mechanisms for
developing the country’s territory, conserving resources and protecting the ecological environment
and promoting modernization featuring harmonious development between man and nature.

5.坚持以人为本，尊重人民主体地位，发挥群众首创精神，紧紧依靠人民推动改革，促进
人的全面发展；坚持正确处理改革发展稳定关系，胆子要大、步子要稳，加强顶层设计和
摸着石头过河相结合，整体推进和重点突破相促进，提高改革决策科学性，广泛凝聚共识
形成改革合力。
We will always put people first, respect the people’s principal position in the country, give full rein
to their creativity, promote reform with full support of the people, and promote well-rounded
development of the person. We should strike a balance between reform, development and stability,
implement reform boldly yet steadily, both strengthen top-level planning and advance through a
process of trial and error, promote both comprehensive advance and breakthroughs at key points,
improve decision-making, form broad-based consensus and synergy for carrying out reform.

6.当前，我国发展进入新阶段，改革进入攻坚期和深水区。必须以强烈的历史使命感，最
大限度集中全党全社会智慧，最大限度调动一切积极因素，敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩，
以更大决心冲破思想观念的束缚、突破利益固化的藩篱，推动中国特色社会主义制度自我
完善和发展。

China has entered a new phase in its development endeavors and a period of overcoming major
difficulties and a deep-water zone in its reform drive. We must, with a strong sense of historical
mission, pool the wisdom of the entire Party and the entire society to the broadest extent possible,
mobilize all positive factors, be ready to face tough choices, ford dangerous rapids, shatter fetters
of an outdated ideological mindset with greater determination, overcome the barriers of
entrenched interests, and promote the self-improvement and development of the system of
socialism with Chinese characteristics.

7.到二 0 二 0 年，在重要领域和关键环节改革上取得决定性成果，完成本决定提出的改革任
务，形成系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。

By 2020, decisive progress will have been achieved in the reform of important areas and crucial
links. The reform tasks put forward in this Decision are to be completed within this period, and
systems that are structurally complete, procedure based and with effective operation will be in
place, to ensure that institutions in all areas become more mature and well established.

8.公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，是中国特色社会主义制度的
重要支柱，也是社会主义市场经济体制的根基。公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义
市场经济的重要组成部分，都是我国经济社会发展的重要基础。必须毫不动摇巩固和发展
公有制经济，坚持公有制主体地位，发挥国有经济主导作用，不断增强国有经济活力、控
制力、影响力。必须毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，激发非公有制经济活
力和创造力。

The basic economic system with public ownership playing a leading role and various ownership
growing side by side is an important pillar of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and
the foundation of the socialist market economy. Both the public and non-public sectors are key
components of the socialist market economy and an important basis for boosting China’s
economic and social development. We must unswervingly consolidate and develop the public
economy, maintain the leading position of public ownership, give full play to the leading role of
the state-owned sector, and continuously increase its vitality, leveraging power and impact. At the
same time, we must unwaveringly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-
public sector, and stimulate its vigor and creativity.

9.国有资本、集体资本、非公有资本等交叉持股、相互融合的混合所有制经济，是基本经
济制度的重要实现形式，有利于国有资本放大功能、保值增值、提高竞争力，有利于各种
所有制资本取长补短、相互促进、共同发展。

An economy of mixed ownership with cross holding by and integration of state-owned capital,
collective capital and non-public capital is an important form of China’s basic economic system. It
enables state-owned capital to expand function, maintain and increase its value and raise its
competitiveness, and it also enables capital of various ownership to draw on one another’s
strength, complement one another and develop together.

10.在符合规划和用途管制前提下，允许农村集体经营性建设用地出让、租赁、入股，实行
与国有土地同等入市、同权同价。

Rural collectively owned profit-oriented construction land will be allowed to be transferred, leased
and converted into shares, provided/on the precondition that it conforms to planning and its use is
regulated. This is to ensure that it can enter the market with the same rights and at the same prices
as state-owned land.

引起抗议 spark a backlash

尊重中国主权和领土完整 respect China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity

公然挑战底线 blatantly challenge the bottom line

政治动机 political motives

品牌声誉 brand prestige

港独分子 Hong Kong secessionists

背面 the reverse side

5 次踏出国门 make five overseas visits

出席四场多边会议 attend four multilateral gatherings

缔造广泛共识 forge broader consensuses

共同构建人类命运共同体 jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind

开放型经济新体制 new institutions of the open economy

对外贸易和投资方式 models of foreign trade and outbound investment

对外贸易由量的扩张转向质的提升 the shift from quantitative to qualitative improvement in

trade.

贸易新业态新模式 new models and forms of trade

贸易强国 a trader of quality

玷污香港国际声誉 stain the international reputation of Hong Kong

以香港经济支柱作赌注 gambling at the expense of Hong Kong’s economic pillar

做出破坏行为，损害香港法治 commit vandalism and damage rule of law

制造混乱 create chaos

航班取消 cancellations of flights

滞留的乘客 stranded passengers

不断升级的暴力活动 ever-escalating violence

新时代中国特色社会主义外交思想 the thought on diplomacy of socialism with Chinese

characteristics for a new era

中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦 the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation

人类命运共同体 a community with a shared future for humanity.

中国特色大国外交 major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics

形成全方位、多层次、立体化的外交布局 advance China's diplomatic agenda in a

comprehensive, multilevel, multifaceted way

为我国发展营造了良好外部条件 create a favorable external environment for China's

development

临时禁制令 interim injunction

禁止任何人非法、故意阻碍或干扰机场的正常使用

restrain persons from unlawfully and willfully obstructing or interfering with the proper use of the
airport 确认起飞时间 confirmation of departure time
强烈的愤慨和谴责 strong indignation and condemnation

激进示威者 radical protesters

使机场瘫痪 paralyze operations of the airport

要真诚尊重各种人才，充分激发他们创新创造活力。要倾听基层干部心声，让敢担当有作
为的干部有干劲、有奔头。

We must show our sincere appreciation to talent of all kinds, and stimulate their creative energy.
We must lend an ear to our officials at the grassroots, and bring energy and greater purpose to
those who are ready to commit to making a difference.

民营企业 private enterprises

经贸摩擦 trade frictions

贸易和投资自由化便利化 trade and investment liberalization and facilitation

1．中国梦

China’s dream; the Chinese dream

2．中国精神

China’s spirit; the spirit of China; China’s character; China’s soul

3.把权力关进制度的笼子

keep power in the cage of systemic checks; Power should be placed under close oversight/checks

4.要给权力涂上防腐剂，套上紧箍咒

Power should be covered with antiseptic and be kept in a straitjacket; Power should be insulated
from corruption.

5.喊破嗓子不如甩开膀子

Getting things done is more important than shouting/yelling; Don’t just shout/yell. Roll up sleeves
and get things done!

6.鞋子合不合脚，自己穿着才知道
Only the wearer knows whether his shoes f it.

7.不能身体已进入 21 世纪，而脑袋还停留在过去

One should not stick his head in the past when his body is already in the 21st century.

8.治大国如烹小鲜

Governing a big country is as delicate as frying a small fish; A big country should be governed
with the same care of frying a small fish.

9.空谈误国，实干兴邦

Empty talk is harmful to the nation, while doing practical work will make it thrive.

10.保持战略定力

maintain strategic focus/confidence/composure; keep to our strategic goals

11.反腐败要老虎、苍蝇一起打

In fighting corruption, we should go after both tigers and flies, that is, both the high- and low-
ranking officials who have benefited from graft.

12.敢于担当

One should face up to his responsibility.

13.打铁还需自身硬

The iron must be of good quality to be hammered / struck into a tool.

14.物必先腐，而后虫生

Worms can only grow in something that is already rotten.

15.落后就要挨打，发展才能自强

If you fall behind, you will be bullied. Only by developing yourself can you thrive.

16.聚合推进改革的正能量

build positive energy to promote reform

17.中国共产党要容得下尖锐的批评

The Communist Party of China should be open/receptive/responsive to sharp criticism.

18.改革开放没有完成时，只有进行时

Reform and opening up are not missions accomplished. Rather, they are a/an dynamic/ongoing
process.

19.踏石留印，抓铁有痕

Step onto the stone and you should leave your footprint on it; clutch a piece of iron and you
should leave your handprint on it. This means one should take forceful steps and deliver tangible
results.

20.了解中国要切忌盲人摸象

In learning about China, one should avoid making the mistake of the blind men who tried to learn
about the elephant by feeling/touching it.

21.领导者要有如履薄冰，如临深渊的自觉

A leader/leading official should exercise his responsibility with utmost care/caution as if he were
walking / treading on thin ice or standing on the edge of an abyss/cliff.

22.丝毫不敢懈怠，丝毫不敢马虎

We must not slacken our efforts or be negligent of duty in the slightest way.

23.夙夜在公，勤勉工作

We should fully dedicate ourselves to our work/duty/mission.

24.我们要忠诚于宪法，忠实于人民

We should abide by the Constitution and be loyal to the people.

25.以民之所望为施政所向

We should follow people’s wishes in exercising governance.

26.把努力实现人民对未来生活的期盼作为神圣使命

We will take it as our sacred mission to realize people’s aspiration for a better life.
27.不是说政府有错位的问题吗？那就把错装在政府身上的手换成市场的手

When/Where the government takes on a misplaced role, we should return the hand misplaced on
the government to the market.

28.这是削权，会很痛，甚至有割腕的感觉, 但是我们要有壮士断腕的决心

This means cutting one’s power, which is quite painful, like cutting one’s own arm. But we should
have the resolve to do so. / But we are determined to make such sacrifice.

29.打断骨头连着筋。同胞之间，手足之情，没有解不开的结

Bones may be broken, but they are still linked by sinews. The compatriots on both sides of the
Taiwan Straits are siblings of the same family, and there is no knot between them that cannot be
untied.

30.冲击社会的道德和心理底线

This will push through the society’s moral and psychological limit.

31.己正才能正人

Only when one is upright himself can he ask others to be upright.

32.为官发财，应当两道

Holding government/public off ice and making money should be kept separate. You cannot have it
both ways.

33.要让人民过上好日子，政府就要过紧日子

To ensure that the people lead a good life, the government should tighten belt/practice
frugality/practice austerity/practice economy first.

34.改革进入了深水区，但再深的水我们也得蹚

In pursuing reform, we have entered uncharted/deep waters. But we must wade through these
waters no matter how deep they are.

35.现在触动利益往往比触及灵魂还难

Taking away some of their vested interests is more difficult than changing their way of thinking.
36.我们要打造中国经济的升级版

We need to upgrade China’s economy.

37.要形成一种倒逼机制，来硬化企业和政府的责任

We should put in place an action forcing mechanism to make both businesses and the government
live up to their responsibilities.

38.行大道，民为本，利天下。

Follow the fundamental truth, work for public good/put people’s interests first and bring benefits
to all the people.

建交 45 年来，中巴关系历久弥坚。Since their diplomatic ties were forged 45 years ago, the

China--Brazil relationship has grown stronger as time goes by.

成为发展中大国团结合作、携手发展的典范 set a good example of unity, cooperation and

shared development between major developing countries

双方合作潜力巨大，前景十分广阔。Bilateral cooperation has huge potential and a promising

future

1. 立 党 为 公 ， 执 政 为 民 。 The Party was founded for public good and it exercises state
power/governance for the people.

2.总揽全局 exercise leadership with a holistic view

3.人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产力之间矛盾是我国社会的主要矛盾。
The principle problem in our society is the backward production cannot meet the ever-growing
material and cultural needs of the people.

4.我们在任何情况下都要牢牢把握住社会主义初级阶段这个最大国情。We must bear in

mind under any circumstances the paramount reality that China remains in the primary stage of
socialism.

5.我们必须把坚持以经济建设为中心同四项基本原则、改革开放这两个基本点统一于中国
特色社会主义伟大实践。 We must adhere to both the central task—economic development—
and the two basic points—the Four Cardinal Principles and the policy of reform and opening up—
in our great endeavor to build socialism with Chinese characteristics.

6.我们要胸怀理想、坚定信念、不动摇、不懈怠，不折腾、顽强奋斗、艰苦奋斗，不懈奋
斗。 We should remain true to our ideal, be firm in our conviction, never vacillate in or relax
our efforts or act recklessly, and we should forge ahead/press forward with tenacity and resolve.
7.全面把握机遇、沉着应对挑战，赢得主动、赢得优势 seize all opportunities, respond with
cool-headedness to challenges and gain initiative and advantages

8.司法公信力应不断提高 Public trust in the judiciary should be steadily enhanced.

9.社会主义核心价值体系深入人心 Core socialist values takes roots among the people.

10.公民文明素质和社会文明程度明显提高 Both the level of civility and the moral and ethical
standards of the whole society should be significantly raised.

11.中华文化走出去 take Chinese culture to the global stage

12.破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端 discard all notions and remove all

systemic barriers that hinder the pursuit of development in a scientific way

13.在更大程度更广范围发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用 leverage to a greater extent and

in a wider scope the basic role of the market in allocating resources

14.加快推进社会主义民主政治制度化、规范化、程序化 work harder to enhance socialist

democracy in a systemic way by adopting due standards and procedures

15.实现国家各项工作法治化 ensure that all governance functions are performed in accordance

with law

16.基本建立现代文化市场体系 establish the basic framework of a modern cultural market

system

17.加快生态文明制度 move faster to set up a system for ecological improvement

18.形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局 promote modernization featuring harmonious

development between man and nature

19.以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。Taking economic
development as the central task is vital to national renewal, and development still holds the key to
addressing all the problems we have in China.

20.以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，是关系我国发展全局的战略抉择 。
Taking scientific development as the underlying guideline (not theme) and accelerating the
change of the growth model (not pattern of economic development) as a major task(not main
thread) is a strategic choice we have made for promoting China’s overall development.

20.把 推动 发展 的立 足点 转到 提高 质量 和效 益上 来 ensure that development is based on

improved quality and performance
21. 激 发 各 类 市 场 主 体 发 展 活 力 fire all types of market participants with new vigor for
development

22. 培 育 开 放 性 经 济 发 展 新 优 势 create new favorable conditions for developing the open

economy

23.城乡区域发展协调互动 coordinated and mutually reinforcing urban-rural development

24.促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展 promoting harmonized/in step

development of industrialization, IT application, urbanization and agricultural modernization

25.推动国有资本更多投向关系国家安全和国民经济的重要行业和关键领域 invest more

state capital in major industries and key fields that comprise the lifeline of the economy and are
vital to national security

26.保证各种所有制经济平等使用生产要素 ensure that economic entities under all forms of

ownership have equal access to factors of production

27.健全中央和地方财力与事权相匹配的体制 ensure that the central and local governments

have sufficient financial resources to exercise their respective powers and responsibilities

28.财税体系 the fiscal and taxation systems

29.加强宏观调控目标和政策手段机制化建设 strengthen institutional procedures for setting

macro-regulation targets and employing policy tools

30.完善促进基本公共服务均等化的公共财政体系 improve the public finance system to

ensure equal access to basic public services

31.形成有利于结构优化，社会公平的税收制度 improve the structure of the taxation system

to promote social equity

32. 建 立 公 共 资 源 出 让 收 益 合 理 共 享 机 制 establish a mechanism for equitable sharing of

proceeds from public resources transfers

33.稳步推进利率和汇率市场化改革 take steady steps to make interest rates and the RMB
exchange rates market-based

34.逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换 promote the RMB’s convertibility under capital accounts

in due course

35.科技创新必须摆在国家发展全局的核心位置。 We must give science and technology top

priority in overall national development.
36.提高原始创新、集成创新和引进 消化吸收再创新能力 increase capacity for making
original innovation and integrated innovation and for making further innovation on the basis of
absorbing advances in overseas science and technology

37.着力构建以企业为主体，市场为导向，产学研结合的技术创新体系 We should establish

a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market points
the way, and enterprises, universities and research institutes work together.

38.完善科技创新激励机制 improve mechanisms for rewarding scientific and technological

innovations

39.把全社会智慧和力量凝聚到创新发展上来 ensure that the wisdom and strength of the

whole society are directed to promoting innovation-driven development

40. 解 决 制 约 经 济 健 康 持 续 发 展 的 重 大 结 构 性 问 题 resolve major structural barriers to

sustained and sound economic development

41.牢牢把握扩大内需这一战略基点 We should firmly maintain the strategic focus of boosting

domestic demand.

42.强化实体经济的需求导向 make the real economy more demand-driven

43.理布局建设基础设施和基础产业 make geographical/regional layout of the development of

infrastructure and basic industries more balanced.

44.发展现代信息技术产业体系，健全信息安全保障体系 develop IT industry and better

ensure information security

45.有序推进农业转移人口市民化 conduct registration of rural migrant workers as permanent

urban residents in an orderly way

46.对农民采取多与少取放活的方针 We should give more to farmers and take less from them
and lift restrictions over their business activities.

47.培育新型经营主体 foster new types of business entities

48.集约化、专业化、组织化、社会化相结合的新型农业经营体系 a new type of system for

intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well organized and commercialized

49.形成以技术、品牌、质量、服务为核心的出口竞争新优势 make China’s export more

competitive in terms of technology, brand, quality and service

50.提高利用外资综合优势和总体效益 We should make full use of our overall advantageous

position in utilizing foreign capital and make better use of such investment.

51.统筹双边、多边开放合作 make overall planning for bilateral and multilateral opening up

and cooperation

52.全面深化经济体制改革 deepen economic structural reform across the board

53.发展更广泛、更充分、更健全的人民民主 make people’s democracy more extensive,

fuller in scope and sounder in practice

54.必须坚持党的领导、人民当家作主，依法治国有机统一。 We must ensure the unity of

the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country and law based
governance.

55.发展社会主义政治文明 promote socialist political progress/advance

56.维护国家法制统一、尊严、权威 uphold the unity, sanctity and authority of the country’s

legal system

57. 保 证 人 民 依 法 享 有 广 泛 权 利 和 自 由 ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and

freedoms as prescribed by law

58.要把制度建设摆在突出位置，充分发挥我国社会主义政治制度优越性，积极借鉴人类政
治 文明 有益 成果 。 We should place high importance on system building, give full play to the
strength of the socialist political system and draw on the political achievements of other societies.

59.我们决不照搬西方政治制度模式 We will never copy the Western political system.

60. 加 强 对 政 府 全 口 径 预 算 决 算 的 审 查 和 监 督 tighten examination and oversight of all

government budgets and final accounts

61.优化常委会、专委会组成人员知识和年龄结构 improve the age mix and expertise of the

members of the standing committees and special committees of people’s congresses

62. 推 进 协 商 民 主 广 泛 、 多 层 、 制 度 化 发 展 promote the extensive, multilevel, and

institutionalized development of consultative democracy

63.健全以职工代表大会为基本形式的企业事业单位民主管理制度 improve the democratic

management system in enterprises and public institutions with employees’ congress as its basic
form

64.严格规范公正文明执法 enforce laws in a strict, fair and civilized way according to due
procedures
65.提高领导干部运用法治思维和法治方式深化改革，推动发展，化解矛盾，维护稳定的能
力 We should ensure that leading officials are guided by law in both thinking and action in their
effort to deepen reform, promote development, solve problems and maintain stability.

66.任何组织和个人都不得有超越宪法和法律的特权。 No organization or individual has the

privilege of overstepping the Constitution and laws.

67.绝不允许以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法。 No one in a position of power is allowed in

any way to take his own words as the law, place his own authority above the law or abuse the law.

强调生态文明建设的重要性 underscore the importance of ecological conservation

沙漠化防治 desertification control
生态恢复 ecological restoration
生态屏障 ecological shield
绿水青山就是金山银山。Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
消除绝对贫困 eliminate absolute poverty
因病返贫 slip back into poverty due to illness
1. 疏导公众情绪 defuse (public) anger/discontent; to properly channel public sentiments
2. 诚信缺失 lack of credibility
3. 发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享 development for the people, by the
people and to the benefit of the people
4. 和谐共赢 all-win harmony; harmony and all winners
5. 实现社会公平与正义 ensure equity and justice
6. 廉政文化建设 foster a culture of clean government
7. 减少社会不平等现象 reduce social inequalities
8. 和谐相处 live in harmony
9. 和谐社会的内涵 the characteristics of a harmonious society
10. 和实生物，同则不继（西周周太史史伯） Harmony generates and sameness stops/stifles
vitality
11. 和为贵 Harmony is most precious; Peace is to be cherished.
12. 和也者，天下之达道也（《中庸》）Harmony is the Way to be. (The Doctrine of the Mean)
13. 君子和而不同 Gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity.
14. 和则两利 Reconciliation benefits both; Peace benefits both.
15. 和则生谐 Reconciliation leads to harmony.
16. 天人合一 the unity of man/human and nature; Heaven-Man Oneness(书面); Heaven and man
are one. (口译)
17. “和”是中国文化传统的基本精神，也是中华民族不懈追求的理想境界。Harmony is a
defining/core value of China's cultural tradition. It is an ideal that the Chinese nation has never
ceased to pursue.
18. “以和为贵”就是说国家之间、民族之间、人与人之间要以团结互助、友好相处为最高
境 界 。 “ Harmony is most precious”. This means that mutual help and friendly co-existence
between states, nations and people should be our ultimate pursuit.
19. 和而不同 harmony in diversity/harmony without uniformity
20. “和实生物”就是说只有不同文明之间相互吸收借鉴，才能文物化新，推进文明的进步。
“Harmony generates vitality”. This means that only with mutual interaction and enrichment can
different civilizations rejuvenate and continue to grow.
21. 要建设一个和谐世界，应坚持民主平等，实现协调合作；坚持和睦互信，实现共同安全；
坚持公正互利，实现共同发展；坚持包容开放，实现文明对话。 To build a harmonious
world, we should uphold democracy and equality to enhance cooperation and coordination; ensure
amity/fertility and mutual trust to achieve common security; uphold justice and mutual benefit to
advance common development; and stay open to facilitate dialogue among civilizations.
22. 一个和谐的国家是法治的国家，稳定的国家，和平的国家，繁荣的国家。一个和谐的世
界是民主的世界，和睦的世界，公正的世界，包容的世界。A harmonious country should be
one of laws and stability, peace and prosperity. A harmonious world should be one of democracy,
peace, justice and tolerance.
23. 中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。 We Chinese
hold that one should be as tolerant / encompassing as the vast ocean which admits hundreds of
rivers and should draw upon other's strengths.
24. 和谐凝聚力量，和谐成就伟业。Harmony rallys strength and leads to great successes.
25. 中国真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长 China is eager to draw on/upon the strengths
of other civilizations.
“两不愁三保障”（农村贫困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，义务教育、基本医疗、住房安全有保
障 ） Rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to
compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing.
国家公园体制 the national park system
自然生态系统的原真性和完整性 the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems
生物多样性 biological diversity
生态安全屏障 ecological buffer zones
珍贵的自然资产 precious natural assets
1.在世界率先实现经济回升向好 China was among the first in the world to see the economic
turnaround.
2. 抚 今 追 昔 ， 伟 大 祖 国 的 辉 煌 成 就 极 大 地 激 发 了 全 国 人 民 的 自 信 心 和 自 豪 感 The
outstanding achievements in the past six decades have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of
the people.
3.自住性住房消费 owner-occupied homes/houses
4.保障性住房 low-income housing
5.经济适用房 affordable housing
6.抑制部分行业产能过剩和重复建设 to restrict excess production capacity and redundant
development in some industries
7.节能产品惠民工程 project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people
8.国家补贴节能产品 Government-subsidized energy-efficient products
9.高效照明灯具 compact fluorescent lamp
10.灾害防御能力 disaster preparedness
11.体制机制 institutions and mechanisms
12.体制障碍 institutional barriers
13.创业板 The ChiNext stock market
14.集体林权制度改革 the reform of tenure in collective-owned forests
15. 对 外 工 程 承 包 营 业 额 receipts from overseas project contracts revenue from overseas
contracted projects
16.经贸金融合作 economic, trade and financial cooperation
17. 包 括 农 民 工 在 内 的 城 镇 企 业 职 工 养 老 保 险 关 系 转 移 接 续 办 法 method to ensure
portability and continuity of pension accounts for urban enterprise workers, including rural
migrant workers
18.棚户区 run-down areas
19.进一步促进教育公平 We made education more equitable.
20.社会正常秩序 maintain order in society
21.统筹国内国际两个大局 consider both domestic and international situations
22.既强调统一思想、顾全大局，又鼓励因地制宜、探索创新 While stressing unity in
thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage localities to be
innovative and act in line with their own conditions.
23.世界经济格局大变革、大调整 major changes in the global economic landscape
24.扩大股权和债券融资规模 increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds
25.企业退休人员 enterprise retirees
26.整顿和规范市场秩序 overhaul and better regulate the market
27.家电下乡产品 government subsidized home-appliances-for-the-countryside
28.推动经济进入创新驱动、内生增长的发展轨道 put economic development onto the track
of endogenous growth driven by innovation.
29.抢占经济科技制高点 capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground
30 物联网 the Internet of Things
31.打好节能减排攻坚战和持久战 strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions
32.促进基本公共服务均等化 ensure fair access to basic public services
33.强农惠农政策 policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers
34.保障“米袋子”、“菜篮子”安全 secure food supply
35.促进农民就业创业 help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses
36.实施好转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项 carry out a major project to breed genetically
modified varieties
37.有计划有步骤地解决好农民工在城镇的就业和生活问题 We will promote employment
for rural migrant workers in urban areas and address their problems in a planned and step-by-step
manner.
38.再解决 6000 万农村人口的安全饮水问题 provide safe drinking water to another 60 million
rural people
39.科教兴国战略和人才强国战略 the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and
education and strengthening the nation through human resources development
40. 只 有 一 流 的 教 育 ， 才 能 培 养 一 流 人 才 ， 建 设 一 流 国 家 First-class education is a
prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.
41.坚持育人为本，大力推进素质教育 We will continue to give top priority to ensuring the
healthy growth of students and promote well-rounded education.
42.加强师德教育 to improve the professional ethics of our teachers
推动以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系建设 develop a system of
technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides
orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated
43.建设人力资源强国 make our country strong in human resources.
呼吁停止暴力 call for the end of violence
希望香港稳定 express hope of a stable Hong Kong
安全、稳定与和平就像空气，只有当我们失去它们时，才会明白它们的可贵。 Safety,
stability and peace are like air, whose value is cherished only when we lose them.
学前教育 preschool education
早期教育 early education
义务教育 compulsory education
粗暴干涉中国内政 grossly interfere in China's internal affairs
严重违反一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报规定 severely violate the one-China principle and
the three China-U.S. joint communiques
美方应立即取消有关对台军售计划 urge the U.S to immediately cancel its planned arms sales
to Taiwan
停止向“台独”分裂势力发出严重错误信号 stop sending severely wrong signals to "Taiwan
independence" separate forces
任 何 势 力 都 不 要 低 估 我 们 捍 卫 国 家 主 权 和 领 土 完 整 的 决 心 和 能 力 。 No force should
underestimate our resolve and capability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity.
工业国 industrial country
最不发达国家 least developed country (LDC)
经济大国 economic power
军事大国 military power
君主专制制度 autocratic monarchy
君主立宪制 constitutional monarchy
议会制君主立宪制 parliamentary constitutional monarchy
1. 社会保障体系 social safety net
2. 中华民族的凝聚力和向心力 the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation
3. 结构性减税 selective tax cuts
4. 加强科技支撑 increase input for science and technology
5. 提高社会保障水平 increase social security benefits
6. 保障性住房 low-income housing; government subsidized housing
7. 廉租房 low-rent housing
8. 经适房 affordable housing
9. 限价房 price-capped housing
10. 公租房 public rental housing
11. 棚改房 housing in run-down areas that will undergo renovation
12. 有效弥补外需缺口 to effectively compensate for weak external demand
13. 股指期货 stock index futures
14. 融资融券 securities margin trading
15. 跨境贸易人民币结算试点 the trials of settling cross-border trade accounts in RMB
16. 养老保险关系跨省转移接续 portable pension account (PPA)
17. 城市化布局和形态 patterns and forms of urbanization
18. 人才战略 human resources strategy
19. 人才教育 professional education
20. 人才培养 talent fostering; staff development
21. 人才培训 personnel training
22. 人才之家 Home for Talent
23. 人才选拔 personnel selection
24. 人才类型 personnel types
25. 人才竞争力 talent competitiveness
26. 高级人才 high-end professionals/personnel; top talents
27. 复合型人才 versatile professionals; personnel of multiple skills
28. 海外人才 overseas talents
29. 人才库 talent pool
30. 人才管理 personnel/human resources management
31. 人才投资 talent investment
32. 人才政策 personnel policy
33. 人才发展 talent development
34. 尊重人才 value talents/talented people
35. 党管人才 human resources under the Party leadership
36. 党政人才 Party and government officials
37. 青年英才 young talents
38. 高素质教育人才 high-quality educators
39. 海外高层次人才 high-quality overseas professionals
40. 全民健康卫生人才 national health professionals
41. 高技能人才 the highly skilled; highly skilled workers
42. 企业经营管理人才 enterprise management talents
43. 专业技术人才 professional and technical talents
44. 高素质军事人才 military talents
45. 专业医药人才 professional medical personnel
46. 创新型科技人才 innovative skilled sci-tech workers
47. 急需紧缺专门人才 professionals in short supply
48. 人才队伍建设 building of talent team
49. 人才工作管理体制 talent administration
50. 人才工作机制 talent management
51. 重大人才工程 major projects for talent development
52. 各类型、多层次人才队伍 a skilled, diversified and multilevel workforce
53. 国家中长期人才发展规划纲要（2010-2020） National Program for Medium and Long-
term Talent Development (2010-2020)
54. 全球留学人才之家 overseas Chinese students’ home
55. 中国国际人才交流协会 China Association for International Exchange of Personnel
56. 中国国际人才交流大会 Conference on International Exchange of Professionals
57. 中日人才培养奖学金项目 Japanese grant aid for human resource development scholarship
(JDS) program
58. 全国人才队伍建设规划纲要 National Program for Qualified Personnel Development
59. 科 教 兴 国 战 略 和 人 才 强 国 战 略 The strategy of reinvigorating China through science,
education and human resources
德智体美劳全面发展 have all-round moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetical grounding with
a hard-working spirit
尊师重教的社会风尚 social norms of respecting teachers and valuing education
党对教育事业的全面领导 overall Party leadership over education
高质量发展高地 leading player in high-quality development
法治城市示范 example of law-based governance
城市文明典范 model of urban civilization
民生幸福标杆 good example of people's livelihood and happiness
可持续发展先锋 pioneer in sustainable development
教育是发展的关键，因此至关重要。Education is essential as it is the key to development.
督促学生求知若渴 urge students to stay hungry for knowledge
保持对科学探索的兴趣 keep interest in scientific exploration
强调学生的全面发展 underscore well-rounded development of students
1. 载人航天 manned space mission
2. 探月工程 lunar exploration program
3. 结构性、输入性物价上涨 structural and imported inflation
4. 重点产业调整振兴规划 the plan for restructuring and reinvigorating key industries
5. 政府投资引导带动社会投资 government spending guided and drove nongovernmental
investment
6. 科研成果实现了产业化 a large number of research results have been applied in industrial
production
7. 工业“三废” industrial wastewater, waste gases and residues
8. 主体功能区 development priority zones
9. 县 级 基 本 财 力 保 障 机 制 a mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level
governments
10. 对外工程承包和劳务合作营业额 the total turnover of overseas construction/project and
labor contracts
11. 新型农村社会养老保险 a new type of pension insurance for rural residents
12. 老有所养、病有所医、住有所居 Everyone has access to old-age care, medical treatment
and housing
13. 行政问责 administrative accountability system
14. 违法征地拆迁 illegal land expropriations and housing demolitions
15. 政 府调 控与 市场 机制 的有 机统 一 closely integrate government control with market
forces
16. 激发经济内在活力 stimulate the (internal) vitality of the economy
17. 加快形成消费、投资、出口协调拉动经济增长的新局面 to quickly realize economic
growth driven by consumption, investment and exports
18. 提高居民收入在国民收入中的比重，提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重（“两个提
高”） raise the proportion of national income distributed to individuals and increase the
proportion of wages in the primary distribution of income
19. 提高政策范围内的医保基金支付水平 increase payment percentage/level in the medical in
surance fund within authorized package
20. 构建组织多元、服务高效、监管审慎、风险可控的金融体系 develop a financial system
featuring diverse organizations, efficient service, prudent supervision and risk-control
21. 建立健全能够灵活反映市场供求关系、资源稀缺程度和环境损害成本的资源性产品价
格形成机制 develop a sound, flexible mechanism for setting prices for resource products
capable of reflecting supply and demand in the market, resource scarcity, and the cost of
environmental damage
22. 政府自身改革建设 government reforms and self-improvement
23. 从制度上改变权力过分集中而又得不到制约的状况 make institutional changes to end
the excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power
24. 保持适当的财政赤字和国债规模 keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate
levels
25. 公务接待费 hospitality spending
26. 消除输入性、结构性通胀因素的不利影响 overcome the adverse effects of imported and
structural inflation
27. 消除输入性、结构性通胀因素的不利影响 overcome the adverse effects of imported and
structural inflation
28. “米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制 the system of provincial governors
taking responsibility for the “rice bag” (grain supply) program and city mayors taking
responsibility for the “vegetable basket” (non-grain food supply) program
29. 农产品流通体系 farm products distribution
高速增长阶段 a phase of rapid growth
高质量发展阶段 a stage of high-quality development
转变发展理念 a change in development concepts
优化经济结构 optimization of economic structure
转换增长动力 a shift in growth drivers
中国经济发展长期向好的基本面没有变 China’s positive economic fundamentals
经济韧性 long-term trajectory
回旋余地大 ample room for maneuver
经济持续增长的良好支撑基础和条件 the strong support and conditions favorable for continued
growth
经济结构调整优化的前进态势 the forward movements of the country’s economic restructuring
and upgrading
1. 社会事业 social services/programs
2. 不断提高政策的针对性、灵活性和前瞻性 make our policies more targeted, flexible,
and forward-looking
3. 扎实推进教育公平 make solid progress in making education more equitable
4. 理顺能源价格体系 base the energy pricing system on market supply and demand
5. 理顺政府与市场的关系 clearly define the roles/functions of the government and the
market
6. 理顺政府与公民和社会组织的关系 the government should properly handle its
relationship with the public and social organizations
7. 逐步理顺煤电价格关系 make the price of electricity better reflect the price of coal
8. 清理、规范行政审批事项 review and standardize procedures of administrative approval
9. 开展债务清理整顿 clear up debt obligations
10. 提高基本公共服务均等化水平 make delivery of basic public services more equitable; to
ensure equal access to public service
11. 放宽落户条件 relax restrictions on granting permanent residency
12. 发挥他们的积极作用 fully motivate them in doing sth.; keep them motivated in doing sth.
13. 衔接和落实好支持港澳经济社会发展的系列政策措施 implement coordinated policies
and measures for supporting the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macao
14. 建立社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩的联动机制 increase social aid and security
to offset price rises
15. 纠正有法不依、执法不严、违法不究、粗暴执法、渎职失职和执法腐败等行为
resolve the problems of laws not being abided by or fully enforced, lawbreakers not being
prosecuted, abuses in law enforcement, dereliction and neglect of duty, and corrupt practices in
law enforcement
16. 开展劳动关系争议排查 settle labor disputes
17. 完善人才培养、任用、评价、激励机制 improve the mechanism for training,
employing, evaluating, and giving incentives to talented personnel
18. 发挥各地特色和优势 fully tap the distinctive strengths of each region; to optimize local
distinctive strengths
19. 囤积居奇、操纵价格、恶意炒作 hoarding and profiteering, manipulating prices, and
speculation
20. 优抚对象 entitled group; recipient of government relief
21. 提高城乡低保补助水平 increase subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents
22. 一次性生活补贴 one-off living allowances
23. 基本药物安全性提高、价格下降 Basic drugs became safer and more affordable.
24. 挂职 to work on secondment
25. 选任 election-based appointment
26. 委任 direct appointment
27. 考任 examination-based appointment
28. 聘任 contract-based appointment
29. 双向进入、交叉任职 cross appointment
30. 基层锻炼 have community-level working experience; get tempered on a community-level
post
1. 进入全面建成小康社会的决定性阶段 We have entered the decisive stage of completing
the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects; We have entered the decisive stage
of achieving a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
2. 凝聚力量，攻坚克难 pool our strength to overcome all difficulties
3. 世情、国情、党情 global, national and Party conditions
4. 更加奋发有为，兢兢业业地工作 aim higher and work harder
5. 作出全面部署 adopt a comprehensive/an overall action plan
6. 作出总体安排 adopt steps for general implement-ation
7. 关系全局的重大问题 issues of underlying/ overarch-ing/overriding importance
8. 新形势下党的建设 Party building in a new environ-ment/under new conditions
9. 综合国力大幅提高 China’s overall strength has grown considerably.
10. 生态文明建设扎实展开 Solid steps have been taken to promote ecological progress/raise
ecological awareness.
11. 宏观调控体系 system of macro-regulation
12. 衣 食 住 行 用 条 件 明 显 改 善 People’s need for daily necessities such as clothing, food,
housing and transport is better met.
13. 农村扶贫标准大幅度提高 Rural poverty line was raised by a big margin.
14. 政治体制改革 reform of the political structure; political structural reform
15. 基层民主不断发展 Community-level democracy has steadily developed.
16. 文化建设迈上新台阶 Development of the cultural sector has reached a new stage.
17. 文 化 体 制 改 革 全 面 推 进 Comprehensive progress has been made in the reform of the
cultural system.
18. 人 民 精 神 文 化 生 活 更 加 丰 富 多 彩 People have richer intellectual pursuit and cultural
entertainment.
19. 基本公共服务均等化程度明显提高 Access to basic public services has become much
more equitable.
20. 免费义务教育全面实现 Free compulsory education is now available across the country.
21. 军事斗争准备不断深化 Military preparedness is enhanced.
22. 开创两岸关系和平发展新局面 usher in a new stage of peaceful growth of cross-Straits
relations
23. 在国际事务中的代表性和话语权进一步增强 We have secured more representation and a
greater say for China in international affairs.
24. 有利的国际环境 favorable international conditions/environment
25. 加强党的干部队伍 strengthen the ranks of Party officials
26. 发 展 中 不 平 衡 、 不 协 调 、 不 持 续 问 题 仍 然 突 出 Unbalanced, uncoordinated and
unsustainable development remains a big/major/prominent problem.
27. 资源环境约束加剧 Resources and environ-mental constraints have become more serious.
28. 关系群众切身利益的问题 problems affecting people’s immediate interests
29. 一 些 领 域 消 极 腐 败 现 象 易 发 多 发 Some sectors are prone to corruption and other
misconduct/malpractices.
30. 反腐败斗争形势依然严峻 The fight against corruption remains a challenging task for us.
31. 战胜一系列重大挑战 successfully met major challenges
32. 国际局势风云变幻 We face a volatile international environment.
33. 准 确 把 握 我 国 发 展 的 阶 段 性 特 征 We have gained a good understanding of the
essential/salient features of China’s development in the current stage.
34. 应对外部经济风险冲击 defuse/stand external economic risks
35. 所有这些彰显了中国特色社会主义的 巨大优越性和强大生命力 All this shows the
superiority and vitality of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
36. 时代特征 the underlying trend of our times
37. 牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，坚持聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展 We must pursue
economic development as the central task and concentrate on it with every determination.
38. 实施科教兴国、人才强国战略 We must implement the strategies for making China strong
by developing science and education and training competent personnel.
39. 全面落实经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体总体布
局 We must fully implement the overall plan for promoting economic, political, cultural, social,
and ecological progress.
40. 开 拓 生 产 发 展 、 生 活 富 裕 、 生 态 良 好 的 文 明 发 展 道 路 expand the path of sound
development that leads to increased production, prosperity and a good eco-system
41. 把统筹兼顾作为落实科学发展观的根本方法 take a holistic/ integrated approach as the
fundamental way of applying the Scientific Outlook on Development
42. 统筹 balance/coordinate relations between
43. 坚持一切从实际出发 We should base our-selves on reality in everything we do.
44. 充分调动各方面的积极性 keep all parties fully motivated
45. 形成全体人民各尽所能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面 to ensure that all people do their
best, find their proper places in society and live in harmony
46. 解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，是科学发展观最鲜明的精神实质 Freeing
up the mind, seeking truth from facts, keeping up with the times and being realistic and pragmatic
—these are the salient/essential features of the Scientific Outlook on Development.
47. 实 践发 展永 无止 境， 认识 真理 永无 止境 ，理 论创 新永 无止 境 There is no end to
practice, to seeking truth, or to making theoretical innovation.
48. 把握时代发展要求 respond to the call of the times
49. 探索和把握中国特色社会主义规律 to explore and master laws governing socialism with
Chinese characteristics
50. 历经千辛万苦 endure untold hardships and sufferings
51. 开创生动的新局面 create a dynamic new environment in which...
52. 开创全面改革开放的新局面 usher in a new phase/open a new horizon in carrying out all-
round reform and opening up
53. 加快生态文明建设 promote ecological progress; speed up ecological conservation; raise
ecological awareness
54. 我们既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路 We reject both the old and rigid
closed-door policy and any attempt to abandon socialism and take an erroneous path.
55. 逐渐实现全体人民共同富裕 achieve prosperity for all over time/in due course
56. 它以全新的视野深化了对共产党执政规律的认识 It offers from new perspectives a deeper
understanding of the laws of governance by the Communist Party.
57. 回答了建设什么样的社会主义的根本问题 It has addressed the fundamental issue of what
kind of socialism to build.
58. 中 国 特 色 社 会 主 义 是 当 代 中 国 发 展 进 步 的 根 本 方 向 Socialism with Chinese
characteristics is what we must pursue if we are to achieve development and make progress in
contemporary China.
59. 我 们 要 把 握 住 以 下 基 本 要 求 We should have a firm grasp of the following basic
requirements...
60. 我 们 必 须 坚 持 人 民 主 体 地 位 We must ensure that the people maintain their principal
position in the country.
61. 最广泛地动员和组织人民管理国家事务 mobilize and organize as many people as possible
to manage state affairs
62. 要始终把改革开放精神贯彻到治国理政的各个环节 We should always apply the spirit of
reform and innovation to all aspects of governance.
63. 社会公平正义 social fairness and justice
64. 逐步建立以权利公平、机会公平、规则公平为主要内容的社会公平保障体系 establish
in due course a system for ensuring fairness in society featuring, among other things, equal rights,
equal opportunities and fair rules for all
65. 公 平 正 义 是 中 国 特 色 社 会 主 义 的 内 在 要 求 Fairness and justice are an inherent
requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
66. 社会和谐是中国特色社会主义的本 质属性 Social harmony is an inherent attribute of
socialism with Chinese characteristics.
67. 保 证 人 民 平 等 参 与 、 平 等 发 展 权 利 ensure people’s equal right to participation in
governance and to development
68. 分配制度 system of income distribution
69. 团结一切可以团结的力量 rally all the forces that can be rallied
70. 确保人民安居乐业、社会安定有序、国家长治久安 We should ensure that the people live
and work in contentment, the society is stable and orderly, and the country enjoys enduring peace
and stability.
71. 和平发展是中国特色社会主义的必然选择 Peaceful development is the sure choice of
socialism with Chinese characteristics.
72. 我们要坚持开放的发展，合作的发展，共赢的发展 We should pursue development
through opening up and cooperation to benefit all.
西部大开发 western development
中部崛起 the rise of Central China
东北振兴 revitalization of northeast China
京津冀协同发展 integrated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
科技成果转化 the commercialization of scientific research findings; the application of advances
in science and technology
入境签证、居留许可和就业许可 entry visa, permanent residence and employment permit
科学发展观 scientific outlook on development
倡导公正、合理的新秩序观 call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order
以平等互利为核心的新发展观 new thinking on development based on equality and mutual
benefit
推 动 树 立 以 互 信 、 互 利 、 平 等 和 协 作 为 主 要 内 容 的 新 安 全 观 foster a new thinking on
security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination
主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观 foster a new thinking on civilization that respects
diversity
新能源观 new thinking on energy development
古为今用、洋为中用旧译 let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national，现
译 draw from past and foreign achievements
文艺工作 cultural and art work; work in the cultural field
牢 牢 把 握 先 进 文 化 的 前 进 方 向 firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural
advancement
文 化 与 经 济 和 政 治 互 相 交 融 interaction between cultural work, and economic and political
activities / cultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors
民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and
people-oriented
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity 以科学的
理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人
Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them
right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and
inspire them with excellent/fine works
具 有 中 国 气 派 的 社 会 主 义 文 化 Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese
appeal
越是民族的，越是世界的 The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world. / What's unique for
a nation is also precious for the world. / When you are unique, the world comes to you.
文 艺 应 当 贴 近 群 众 ， 贴 近 生 活 ， 贴 近 实 际 。 Culture and arts should be/keep close to the
people, their lives and reality.
艺术滋润心灵，文化陶冶情操。Art nurtures the soul and culture cultivates the mind.
文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。 Culture is the spiritual bond that
ensures the continuity of our Chinese nation.
我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.
树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观 to foster a right/correct outlook/view on the world, life
and values 文化市场，文化贸易 cultural market, cultural trade
始终把社会效益放在首位 always put social benefit first
扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团 support major/top-notch cultural
projects and art troupes that represent national characteristics and national level
大火正在以前所未有的速度肆虐。Fires are raging at a record rate.
被誉为“地球之肺”be referred to as the planet's lungs
产生了地球大气中 20%的氧气 produce 20% of the oxygen in the earth's atmosphere
减缓全球变暖 slow global warming
坚持科学发展、和谐发展、和平发展 Pursue scientific, harmonious and peaceful
development
全 面 落 实 科 学 发 展 观 Fully apply (put into practice) the Scientific Outlook (Thinking) on
Development
避免经济增长由偏快转为过热 Prevent rapid economic growth from becoming overheated
整顿小煤矿取得了阶段性成果 Major progress has been made in the current stage of our efforts
to bring order to small coalmines.
实事求是 Pursue a realistic and pragmatic approach
解放思想 Free our minds
电 视 覆 盖 从 行 政 村 向 自 然 村 延 伸 TV coverage extends from incorporated villages to
unincorporated villages.
不搞一刀切 without imposing a single solution
保证人民的知情权﹑参与权﹑表达权和监督权 Ensure people's right to know, to participate, to
express and to supervise.
加强支农、惠农政策 Strengthen the policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers
单位 Organizations and institutions
走和平发展道路，既是外交，也是内政，因而，要统筹国内国际两个大局。 The path of
peaceful development has both external and domestic dimensions. Thus, we must bear closely in
mind our overall interests, both internal and external.
这种世界文明的多样性是不以人们主观意志为转移的客观存在。Like it or not, the diversity
of civilizations is a reality.
对外宣传工作 conduct public diplomacy programs
解决民生问题 improve people's well-being
“召远在修近，闭祸在除怨。”“To win distant friends, one needs, first of all, to have good
relations with his neighbors. To avoid adversity, one needs to ease animosity.”
我的脑子里充满了忧患。 I am preoccupied with pressing challenges.
到……挂职 take up provisional post in
非政府组织 / 民间组织 / 群众组织 /人民团体 NGOs / civil society / people's organizations /
civic organizations
巡视员 inspector
调研员 researcher
主任科员 principal staff
副主任科员 senior staff
科员 staff mem be
编内职工 permanent staff
中编办 Central Staffing Department
编制人数 staff size
国家行政编制 government staff status
事业编制 staffing of government affiliated institutions
党政正职领导干部 chief Party and government officials
推动经济社会发展切实转入科学发展轨道 To truly put economic and social development on a
scientific track
科学民主决策 Make decisions scientifically and democratically
中 央 The national leadership/The central Party and government authorities/The central
government
我们要发展老龄事业 We will develop old age programs.
我们必须以对国家和人民高度负责任的精神采取有力措施解决这些问题 We must maintain a
strong sense of responsibility to the country and people and take forceful measures to resolve
these problems.
着力解决民生问题 Every effort was made to improve the people's well-being.
政府自身建设存在一些问题 Government efforts to enhance performance still have room for
improvement.
存 在这 些问 题根 本在 于制 度不 健全 ， 监 管不 到位 The root cause of the problems lies in
institutional deficiencies and poor oversight.
领 导 干 部 要 深 入 基 层 了 解 群 众 疾 苦 Leading officials should visit communities to better
understand the problems troubling the people.
加强基层民主 Expand democracy at village and community level
不少支出增长是刚性的 Many increases in expenditure are fixed / mandatory.
积极稳妥推进企业政策性破产工作 Actively yet prudently proceed with work related to policy-
mandated bankruptcy of enterprises.
对 产 能 过 剩 行 业 进 行 重 组 To carry out restructuring of industries with surplus production
capacity
淘汰煤炭行业落后产能 Close down backward production facilities in the coal industry
为 增 强 经 济 增 长 后 劲 发 挥 重 要 作 用 Play an important role in sustaining China's economic
development
规范收入分配秩序 Standardize pattern of income distribution
历史罕见的严重自然灾害 Natural disasters of a severity seldom seen in history
实施治理商业贿赂专项行动 A campaign to combat business bribery was launched.
投资消费关系不协调 Investment is not in keeping with consumer demand.
政府职能转变滞后 Moves to change the way the government functions are behind schedule/have
not made expected progress.
向人民交出满意的答卷 To deliver a good report to the people
政府工作的基本思路是 The basic approach for the work of government is:
关心中国现代化建设 To care about China's modernization
城市最低生活保障制度 System of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents
全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设 Promote all aspects of socialist economic,
political and cultural development
稳定消费预期，扩大即期消费 We should ensure consumer confidence and expand immediate
consumption.
以更高昂的精神状态恪尽职守 We must carry out our duties with greater drive.
根据经济运行的新情况完善政策 Improve policies in response to new developments in the
operation of the economy
把各项政策落到实处 Truly put all policies into effect
妥善处理内需和外需的关系 Properly balance domestic demand and international demand
统筹考虑国内外经济发展的相互联系和影响 Take into consideration the interconnectedness
and mutual influence of domestic and international economic development
抓好以下几个方面 We should concentrate on the following areas:
解决出口退税历史欠帐 Resolve long-standing arrears in export tax rebates
放宽市场准入 Relax control over market entry
改变外贸增长方式 Change the way China's foreign trade grows
引 导 银 行 加 大 对 农 业 贷 款 支 持 Guide banks in continuing to increase credit support to
agriculture
生 态 移 民 区 a community of rural residents relocated from environmentally vulnerable and
impoverished areas
获得感、幸福感、安全感 sense of fulfillment, happiness and security
以人民为中心的发展思想 the people-centered philosophy of development
行政长官 chief executive
回归祖国 return to the motherland
维护国家主权 safeguard national sovereignty
高度自治 a high degree of autonomy
捍卫“一国两制” uphold the principle of “one country, two systems”
法治社会 a society based on the rule of law
不忘初心 stay true to our original aspiration
牢记使命 keep our founding mission firmly in mind
推动经济社会发展切实转入科学发展轨道 To truly put economic and social development on a
scientific track
科学民主决策 Make decisions scientifically and democratically
中 央 The national leadership/The central Party and government authorities/The central
government
我们要发展老龄事业 We will develop old age programs.
我们必须以对国家和人民高度负责任的精神采取有力措施解决这些问题 We must maintain a
strong sense of responsibility to the country and people and take forceful measures to resolve
these problems.
着力解决民生问题 Every effort was made to improve the people's well-being.
政府自身建设存在一些问题 Government efforts to enhance performance still have room for
improvement.
存 在这 些问 题根 本在 于制 度不 健全 ， 监 管不 到位 The root cause of the problems lies in
institutional deficiencies and poor oversight.
领 导 干 部 要 深 入 基 层 了 解 群 众 疾 苦 Leading officials should visit communities to better
understand the problems troubling the people.
加强基层民主 Expand democracy at village and community level
不少支出增长是刚性的 Many increases in expenditure are fixed / mandatory.
积极稳妥推进企业政策性破产工作 Actively yet prudently proceed with work related to policy-
mandated bankruptcy of enterprises.
对 产 能 过 剩 行 业 进 行 重 组 To carry out restructuring of industries with surplus production
capacity
淘汰煤炭行业落后产能 Close down backward production facilities in the coal industry
为 增 强 经 济 增 长 后 劲 发 挥 重 要 作 用 Play an important role in sustaining China's economic
development
规范收入分配秩序 Standardize pattern of income distribution
历史罕见的严重自然灾害 Natural disasters of a severity seldom seen in history
实施治理商业贿赂专项行动 A campaign to combat business bribery was launched.
投资消费关系不协调 Investment is not in keeping with consumer demand.
政府职能转变滞后 Moves to change the way the government functions are behind schedule/have
not made expected progress.
向人民交出满意的答卷 To deliver a good report to the people
政府工作的基本思路是 The basic approach for the work of government is:
关心中国现代化建设 To care about China's modernization
城市最低生活保障制度 System of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents
全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设 Promote all aspects of socialist economic,
political and cultural development
稳定消费预期，扩大即期消费 We should ensure consumer confidence and expand immediate
consumption.
以更高昂的精神状态恪尽职守 We must carry out our duties with greater drive.
根据经济运行的新情况完善政策 Improve policies in response to new developments in the
operation of the economy
把各项政策落到实处 Truly put all policies into effect
妥善处理内需和外需的关系 Properly balance domestic demand and international demand
统筹考虑国内外经济发展的相互联系和影响 Take into consideration the interconnectedness
and mutual influence of domestic and international economic development
抓好以下几个方面 We should concentrate on the following areas:
解决出口退税历史欠帐 Resolve long-standing arrears in export tax rebates
放宽市场准入 Relax control over market entry
改变外贸增长方式 Change the way China's foreign trade grows
引 导 银 行 加 大 对 农 业 贷 款 支 持 Guide banks in continuing to increase credit support to
agriculture
推动形成优势互补高质量发展的区域经济布局 improve regional economic planning featuring
complementary advantages and high-quality development
提升产业基础能力和产业链水平 upgrade basic industries and industrial chains
我国制造业规模居全球首位，是全世界唯一拥有全部工业门类的国家。 China is the world's
largest manufacturer and is the only country owning all industrial categories worldwide.
中 央 财 经 委 员 会 第 五 次 会 议 the fifth meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and
Economic Affairs
贷款基准利率 benchmark lending rate
个人住房贷款利率 personal mortgage loan rate
贷款市场报价利率 loan prime rate
市场化改革 market-driven reform
房住不炒 houses for living and not for speculative investment
自由贸易试验区 pilot free trade zones
外资准入负面清单 negative lists for foreign investment market access
租赁房源 rental houses
快递行业 the courier industry
拓展多元化进口渠道 diversify importing channels
乡村特色产业 rural industries with local characteristics
创业支撑服务平台 service platforms to encourage business startups
双层动车组 double-decker bullet train
全面推进乡村振兴 push forward rural revitalization in all respects
智慧农业 smart agriculture
倡导命运共同体意识 highlight the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind
各国应该坚持创新引领，加快新旧动能转换。 All countries should stick to innovation and
accelerate the transition with traditional growth drivers being replaced by new ones.
密集恐惧症 trypophobia
公安干警 police officers
快递小哥 deliverymen
注册制 registration-based IPO mechanism
科创板 the science and technology innovation board
生态移民 ecomigration/ecological migration
自提柜网点 self-service sites for package delivery
战略自信和战略定力 strategic confidence and resolve
劳务报酬 remuneration for personal service
经 济 全 球 化 是 不 可 逆 转 的 历 史 大 势 , 为 世 界 经 济 发 展 提 供 了 强 劲 动 力 。 Economic
globalization is an irreversible historical trend and provides strong momentum for the world
economic development.
中国开放的大门不会关闭，只会越开越大。China will not close its door to the world and will
only become more and more open.
中国国际进口博览会，是迄今为止世界上第一个以进口为主题的国家级展会，是国际贸易
发展史上一大创举。举办中国国际进口博览会，是中国着眼于推动新一轮高水平对外开放
作出的重大决策，是中国主动向世界开放市场的重大举措。
The China International Import Expo (CIIE) is the first-ever import-themed national-level expo,
which is a trail-blazing move in the history of international trade development. The CIIE is a
major policy for China to push for a new round of high-level opening up and a major measure for
China to take the initiative to open its market to the world.
柔性电子设备 flexible electronics
高分辨率触摸屏 high-resolution touch screen
柔性显示屏 flexible display screen
网贷 online loan
构成犯罪 constitute a crime
保险索赔 an insurance claim
为世界和亚太经济发展与合作提供中国方案、贡献中国智慧 offer China's wisdom and
approaches to achieving economic development and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region and the
world at large
学术不端行为 academic misconduct
中国知识基础设施工程（中国知网）China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)
国产科幻大片 homegrown sci-fi blockbuster
《流浪地球》The Wandering Earth
喜剧小品 comic skits
合家团圆 family reunion
“两弹一星”勋章 Two Bombs, One Satellite Achievement Medal
国家最高科学技术奖 State Preeminent Science and Technology Award
是当代中国发展进步的旗帜，是全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的旗帜 the banner guiding the
development and progress of China and rallying the whole Party and people of all ethnic groups in
the country in our common endeavor
当代中国正在发生广泛而深刻的变革 China now is going through a wide-ranging and deep-
going transformation
抓住和用好重要战略机遇期 seize and make most of the opportunities in this important strategic
period
锐意进取 forge ahead with determination
就 关 系 全 局 的 重 大 问 题 作 出 决 定 和 部 署 make decisions and action plans on issues of
overriding importance
提 出 并 贯 彻 科 学 发 展 观 等 重 大 战 略 思 想 formulate and apply the Scientific Outlook on
Development and other major strategic thoughts
经济效益明显提高 Economic performance improved markedly / remarkably.
区域发展协调性增强 Regional development became more balanced.
自主创新能力 capacity for independent innovation
载人航天飞行成功实现 Manned spaceflights were successfully conducted
能 源 资 源 节 约 和 生 态 环 境 保 护 energy and resources conservation and ecological and
environmental protection
农村综合改革 comprehensive reforms in rural areas
农 业 税 、 牧 业 税 、 特 产 税 全 部 取 消 Agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special
agricultural products were rescinded throughout the country
支农惠农政策 policies to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers
非公有制经济 the non-public sector of the economy
城乡居民最低生活保障制度 the system of basic living allowances for urban and rural residents
衣 食 住 行 用 水 平 不 断 提 高 enjoy better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily
necessities / better access to…
政治体制改革 reform of political institutions
民族区域自治制度 the system of autonomy of ethnic regions
基层民主 community-level democracy
中国特色社会主义法律体系 a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics
依法治国基本方略扎实贯彻／深入落实 The rule of law was effectively implemented / will be
carried out as a fundamental principle. reform of the government administration system and the
judicial system
行政管理体制、司法体制改革 reform of the government administration system and the judicial
system
药品采购政策 pharmaceutical procurement policies
药品集中采购 pooled procurement of medicines
医药分开 separate medical treatment from drug sales
剽窃指控 allegations of plagiarism
开卡 creating account
充值 topping up
正当防卫 justifiable defense
妨害公务罪 crime of endangering public affairs
医疗纠纷和风险防范机制 medical dispute and risk prevention mechanism
共享护士 nurse sharing
信用记录 credit record
社会治理体制 social governance system
社会信用体系 social credit system
追梦人 dream chasers
医保目录 medical insurance list
预选着陆区 the preselected landing area
世界民族之林 among the nations of the world
与时俱进 keep abreast of the times
第四次工业革命 the Fourth Industrial Revolution
构建全球架构 shape a global architecture
辅助生殖技术 assisted reproductive technology
季节性人口迁移 seasonal migration of people
春运 Spring Festival travel rush
大学英语考试 College English Test, CET
全国英语等级考试 Public English Test System, PETS
占用应急车道 emergency lane occupancy
正当防卫 justifiable defense
核心指标 core indicator
数据传输速度 data transmission speed
智慧家居 smart home
北京城市副中心 Beijing’s subsidiary center
英语专业考试 Test for English Majors, TEM
以人为本 human-centered
错峰休假 leave on non-public holidays/off-peak vacations
医疗、医保、医药 medical services, health insurance, and the medicine industry
民办医疗机构 private hospital
偷拍裙底 up skirting
寻衅滋事行为 causing disturbances
微型生态系统 mini biosphere
商务英语证书 Business English Certificate
促进世界和平是中国追求的长期目标。Promoting world peace is China's consistent objective.
相通则各进，相闭则各退。Countries make progress through exchanges and fall behind due to
isolation.
着陆在月球背面 touch down on the far side of the moon
台湾问题是中国的内政，不容任何外来干涉。The Taiwan question is China's internal affair
and allows no external interference.
中华民族伟大复兴 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
重要改革举措 important reform measures
岁月不居，时节如流。Time stops for no one, and the seasons keep changing.
情绪控制 emotional control
环保品牌 eco-friendly brands
政府资产净值 government's net wealth
我国经济发展的空间结构正在发生深刻变化。China’s structure of economic development is
undergoing profound changes.
中心城市和城市群正在成为承载发展要素的主要空间形式。Central cities and city clusters are
becoming the major vessels for development.
坚持政府引导和市场机制相结合 combine government guidance with the market mechanism
思想道德建设 efforts to raise ideological and ethical standards / promote ideological and ethical
progress
全社会文明程度进一步提高 The educational and ethnical standards of the whole society have
been raised.
文化体制改革 reform of cultural administrative system
精神文化生活更加丰富 enjoy a richer cultural life
全民健身和竞技体育 public fitness programs and competitive sports
中国特色军事变革 the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics
裁减军队员额二十万任务顺利完成 The armed forces were reduced by 200,000 troops
军 队 革 命 化 、 现 代 化 、 正 规 化 建 设 Make the armed forces/army more revolutionary,
modernized and standardized
全方位外交 all-directional diplomacy
党的建设新的伟大工程 A great new Party-building Program
党的执政能力建设 endeavors to strengthen the Party's governing capability
理论创新和理论武装 make theoretical innovations and educate Party members in them
保持共产党员先进性教育活动 the campaign to educate Party members in preserving / to retain
their vanguard nature
党内民主 intra-Party democracy
领导班子和干部队伍建设 strengthen the Party's leading bodies and the ranks of Party officials
to enhance capacity-building of Party's leading bodies and Party officials
党风廉政建设 build a fine Party culture and keep its organizations clean
一些基层党组织软弱涣散 Some community level Party organizations are weak and lax.
党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力 the creativity, cohesion and competence of the Party
谱写了中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进新的壮丽 compose a new epic of the Chinese nation's
heroic efforts
中国人民的面貌、社会主义中国的面貌、中国共产党的面貌发生了历史性变化 Historic
changes have taken place in the Chinese people, socialist China and the CPC.
保 持 和 发 展 党 的 先 进 性 preserve and enhance / maintain and develop the Party's vanguard
nature
确保党始终走在时代前列 ensure that the Party is always in the forefront of the times
艰辛探索社会主义建设规律 painstaking exploration of the law on the building of socialism
社会主义基本制度 the basic system of socialism
当代中国一切发展进步 every step forward, every progress
确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线 formulate the basic line for the primary stage of socialism
吹响走自己的路的时代号角 sound the clarion call of the times and take our own road
受命于重大历史关头 take over the helm at a critical historical juncture
国内外政治风波、经济风险等严峻考验 the severe tests of political turbulences and economic
risks at home and abroad
引领改革开放的航船沿着正确方向破浪前进 steer the ship of reform and opening up forward
on the right course
发扬求真务实、开拓进取精神 promote the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit
全 面 改 革 的 进 程 势 不 可 当 地 展 开 了 The sweeping reform has unfolded with irresistible
momentum.
沿江(长江)沿边 areas along the Yangtze River and the national borders
对外开放的大门毅然决然地打开了 With resolve and determination, China opened her door to
the world.
今天，一个面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的社会主义中国巍然屹立在世界东方 Today,
a new socialist China stands rock-firm in the East, embracing modernization, the world and the
future.
人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康 The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are
generally leading a fairly comfortable life.
保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，必须全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人
治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格依照宪法和基本法办事，完善与基本法实施相关的制度和
机制。
To maintain long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao, it is imperative to fully
and faithfully implement the policies of "one country, two systems," "the people of Hong Kong
governing Hong Kong," "the people of Macao governing Macao," and a high degree of autonomy
for both regions. It is imperative too, to act in strict compliance with China's Constitution and the
basic laws of the two special administrative regions, and to improve the systems and mechanisms
for enforcing the basic laws.
香港特别行政区 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
澳门特别行政区 Macao Special Administrative Region
粤港澳大湾区 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
推进高质量共建“一带一路” push forward the high-quality construction of the Belt and Road
遵循睦邻友好、互惠互助精神 adhere to the spirit of good-neighborliness, mutual benefit and
mutual assistance
打造人文合作新亮点 foster new highlight in people-to-people and cultural exchanges
里程计价 metered fare
以规则为基础的多边主义 rules-based multilateralism
基 本 医 疗 保 险 费 、 失 业 保 险 费 、 工 伤 保 险 费 、 生 育 保 险 费 medical, unemployment,
occupational injury and maternity insurance
基本养老保险费 premiums for pension
企业所得税 enterprise income taxes
证券投资基金 securities investment funds
二手房 second-hand properties
社会适应能力 social adaptability
盈利模式 profit model
和平与发展仍是时代主题 peace and development remain the call of the day
以联合国为核心的国际体系 UN-centered international system
气象条件 meteorological conditions
稳健中性的货币政策 a prudent and neutral monetary policy
术语工具 terminology tools
财产公证 property notarization
过度劳动 overwork
融资贷款 financing loans
按时足额缴费 pay in full and on time
五险一金，即养老保险 (endowment insurance) 、医疗保险 (medical insurance) 、失业保险
(unemployment insurance) 、 工 伤 保 险 (employment injury insurance) 和 生 育 保 险 (maternity
insurance)，及住房公积金(housing provident fund)
妥善处理好敏感问题 properly handle the sensitive issues
罔顾事实 disregard the facts
高端产品 high-end products
清洁取暖 clean energy heating
基本药物 essential drugs
互联网保险 online insurance
电子支付 digital payments
金融科技行业 fintech industry
数字服务税 digital services tax
货运飞船 cargo spacecraft
共创开放共赢新格局 create an open and win-win scenario
监控摄像头 surveillance cameras
实 体 经 济 是 一 国 经 济 的 立 身 之 本 、 财 富 之 源 。 The real economy is the foundation of a
country's economy and the source of its wealth. 攀登世界科技高峰的必由之路是自主创新，所
有企业都要朝这个方向努力奋斗。Independent innovation is the only way toward scaling the
world's heights in science and technology, and all enterprises should make arduous efforts in this
direction.
数字创意 digital creativity
民用空间基础设施 civil space infrastructure
增量资金 incremental capital
养老保险基金中央调剂制度 a central adjustment system for basic pension funds
零售商店 retail outlet
逃税 tax evasion
避税 tax avoidance
面 对 世 界 大 发 展 大 变 革 大 调 整 的 新 形 势 at a time when the world is undergoing major
developments, transformation and adjustment
重大国际和地区问题 major international and regional issues
对话伙伴国 dialogue partners
故地重游 a repeat visit
短信诈骗 SMs phishing(smishing)
全额退款 full refund
投诉程序 complaints procedure
家政服务 household management service
最前沿的解决方案 cutting-edge solution
智能制造 ntelligent manufacturing
模块化自动生产线 automated modular production line
河长制湖长制 the systems of river and lake chiefs
真空管 vacuum tube
农业农村现代化 modernization of agriculture and rural areas
代扣代缴 withhold and remit tax
积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策 a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy
前三季度国内生产总值同比增长 6.7%。China's GDP growth reached6.7 percent year-on-year
in the first three quarters of this year.
海洋资源开发利用 marine resource exploitation and utilization
智能网联公交车 buses linked with intelligent networks
减灾 disaster relief
累进税制 progressive taxing mechanism
专项附加扣除 special expense deductions
积分落户制 a points-based household registration system
车牌 car plate
"一站式"通关 one-off customs clearance
跨海大桥 cross-sea bridge
恐怖行径 act of terror
炸弹包裹 package/mail bomb
农村基本经营制度 the basic rural operation system
农村土地制度改革 the reform of the rural land system
承包地“三权”分置制度 the system for separating the ownership rights, contract rights, and
management rights for contracted rural land
农村集体产权制度改革 the reform of the rural collective property rights system
农民财产权益 the property rights and interests of rural people
集体经济 the collective economy
延长人民币使用寿命 extend the service life of Renminbi
硬币色泽由金黄色改为镍白色。The coin’s color becomes nickel instead of golden yellow.
正 背面 内周 缘由 圆形 调整 为多 边形 ，方 便弱 视群 体识 别。 The inner edge of the coin is
changed into a polygon from circle, making it more identifiable to people with poor eyesight.
凹印手感线 tactile lines
防伪特征 anti-counterfeiting features
升级现有验钞设备 upgrade the existing currency detectors
纸币 banknote
货币流通 currency circulation
稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路 move steadily toward prosperity and happiness
不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义，建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实
现 什 么 样 的 发 展 、 怎 样 发 展 等 重 大 理 论 和 实 际 问 题 constantly seek answers to major
theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of
party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and
how to achieve it
党 的基 本理 论、 基本 路线 、基 本纲 领、 基本 经验 Party's basic theory, line, program and
experience 社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机 Socialism and Marxism
have shown vigor and vitality in China.
大踏步赶上时代前进潮流 catch up with the trend of the times in big strides
符合党心民心 accord with/echo the aspirations of the Party members and the people
尊重人民首创精神 respect the people's initiative/pioneering drive/creativity
提高全民族文明素质 to improve the educational and ethical standards of the whole nation
开辟了中国特色社会主义道路 blaze a trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics open a
path of...
形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系 theoretical system of Chinese socialism
建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家 make China a prosperous, strong, democratic,
culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country
实践永无止境 Practice knows no bound.
勇于变革、勇于创新 make bold changes and innovations
不 为 任 何 风 险 所 惧 ， 不 被 任 何 干 扰 所 惑 fear no risks and never be confused by any
interference
使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广 broaden our path of socialism with Chinese
characteristics
让当代中国马克思主义放射更加灿烂的真理光芒 Let the truth of Marxism of contemporary
China shine more brilliantly.
马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现 a concentrated expression of the Marxist
world outlook and methodology with regard to development
同……一脉相承 in the same line as...
立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情 fully recognize the basic reality that China is in the primary
stage of socialism
粗放性增长方式 the extensive mode of growth/inefficient model of growth
改革攻坚 further reform in difficult areas
统筹兼顾各方面利益 accommodate the interests of all parties
农业基础薄弱的局面尚未改变 The foundation of agriculture remains weak
思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强 become more independent, selective,
changeable and diverse in thinking
社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局 the structure of society, the way society is organized
and interests of different social groups/and the mix of social interests
发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在 Pressure caused by the economic and scientific
dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come
从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重大变化 experience far-
reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the
economic base and the superstructure
人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾 Chinese
society's principal problem/challenge is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural
needs of the people and the low level of social production
当前我国发展的阶段性特征 the salient features of the current stage of development in China
妄自菲薄 belittle oneself
自甘落后 be resigned to backwardness
脱离实际、急于求成 unrealistic pursuit of quick results
空间实验室 space lab
世界经济增长和变革的新路径 new pathways for global economic growth and transformation.
医改 healthcare reform
绿色出行 green commuting
城际列车 intercity train
出境乘客 outbound passengers
明星工作室 celebrities' studios
货币信贷 monetary credit
保密义务 confidentiality obligation
恶意芯片 malicious chip
股票交易 stock exchange
内生经济增长动力 endogenous growth momentum
每日客流量 daily passenger flow
返乡高峰 the rush of people returning home
外地人 non-native
医暴 violence against medical staff
药品生产许可证 pharmaceutical production license
行政处罚决定 administrative penalty decision
科研攻关 tackle key problems in science and technology
开放型经济新体制 new institutions of the open economy
法治环境规范 sound legal environment
金融创新 financial innovation
差异化服务 differentiated services
巨额罚款 a hefty fine
电子社保卡 digital social security cards
下行压力增大 rising downward pressure
在较为动荡的全球经济环境中 amid global fluctuations
港珠澳大桥 the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
电脑游戏(computer games)、手机游戏(mobile games)、体感游戏(motion sensing games)、桌
游(board role-playing games)
跳皮筋(rubber band skipping)、踢毽子(shuttlecock kicking)、跳房子(hopscotching)、滚铁环
(iron ring pushing)
选秀节目 talent shows
个税改革 reform of personal income tax
游戏成瘾 game addiction
流动人口 migrant population
总体平稳，稳中有进态势 a trend of overall stability and steady progress
护卫队 guard of honor
升旗仪式 flag-raising ceremony
市场波动性 market volatility
沪港通 Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect
去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板
cutting overcapacity, destocking, deleveraging, reducing costs and identifying growth areas
众创、众包、众扶、众筹 crowd innovation, crowd support, crowd sourcing, and
crowdfunding
质量强国、制造强国 manufacturer of advanced and quality products
全民健身的热潮 a nationwide fitness craze
交谊舞 ballroom dancing
通关 customs clearance
人脸识别支付 payments using facial recognition
机器人送餐 robotic delivery of orders
现磨咖啡 freshly brewed coffee
临时交通管制 temporary traffic control
过度依赖网络 excessive internet dependence
示范村 demonstration villages
处偏远、经济欠发达地区 remote and underdeveloped areas
中国国际进口博览会 China International Import Expo
治疗效果 curative effect
临床试验 clinical trial
网上一夜爆红 become an overnight Internet sensation
占据新闻头条 grab news headlines
幸运抽奖活动 lucky draw campaign
再生资源回收分拣中心 recycling and sorting center for renewable resources
国际竞争力 international competitiveness
综合素质 comprehensive quality
互联网普及率 internet availability rate
台海和平稳定 the peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait
城市群 city cluster
电子烟 electronic cigarettes
土地经营权 right of land management
农地流转 rural land transfer
新型城镇化 new type of urbanization
着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题 spare no effort to solve most practical
problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people
形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面 cultivate/foster an environment in
which all people do their best, are content with their lives/enjoy what they do and live together in
harmony
提高改革决策的科学性，增强改革措施的协调性 make decision-making more scientific and
measures of reform better coordinated
全面提高开放水平 improve the work of opening-up
把 改善 人民 生活 作为 正确 处理 改革 发展 稳定 关系 的结 合 点 We need to improve...as we
endeavor to balance...
全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质 fully appreciate/understand the essence of the
Scientific Outlook on Development
把全社会的发展积极性引导到科学发展上来 guide the whole society in pursuing development
in a scientific way
把 握 经 济 社 会 发 展 趋 势 和 规 律 follow the trend and the law of economic and social
development
坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策
构 成 的 基 本 纲 领 uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies for
economic, political, cultural and social progress under socialism with Chinese characteristics
区 域 协 调 互 动 发 展 机 制 a mechanism for promoting balanced and interactive development
among regions
主体功能区 development priority zones
法治政府建设 enhance law-based government administration
社会主义核心价值体系深入人心 Core socialist values are winning the hearts and minds of the
people.
弘扬良好思想道德风尚 promote moral integrity
建设生态文明 promote a conservation culture
生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立 To foster public awareness of conservation culture
具有更高文明素质和精神追求 Raise ethical standards and have higher/lofty aspiration
对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力 be more open and friendly to the outside world
为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础 Strengthen the
foundation for building a well-off society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one
billion people
建设创新型国家 make China an innovative nation
国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要 Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-
Term Scientific and Technological Development
突 破制 约经 济社 会发 展的 关 键 技术 make breakthroughs in key technologies vital toChina's
economic and social development
支 持 前 沿 技 术 研 究 、 社 会 公 益 性 技 术 研 究 support research in frontier technology and in
technology for public welfare
建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系 establish a market-oriented
system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which
combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes
引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚 guide and support the pooling of factors of innovation into
enterprises
科技成果产业化 the application of scientific and technological achievements in production
培养造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才 train / bring up world-class scientists and leaders in
scientific and technological research
使创新智慧竞相迸发、创新人才大量涌现 inspire creativity and bring forth large numbers of
innovative personnel
推进信息化与工业化融合 promote IT-based industrialization
具有国际竞争力的大企业集团 internationally competitive conglomerates