Electrical - Engineering Related

Detailed Solution EE
08-02-2020 | FORENOON SESSION
= 33.75 million rupees

GENERAL APTITUDE  
Revenue – Expenditure
 % profit = ×100 
 Revenue 
1. Stock markets _______ at the news of the coup.
3. Given semicircle with 0 as the centre, as shown
(a) plunged (b) plugged
(c) poised (d) probed in the figure, the ratio AC + CB _______.
AB
Ans. (a)
C
Sol. Plunge means “to fall suddenly and
uncontrollably” or “to jump” or “to dive
quickly”.
i.e., Stock market plunged at the news of
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the coup. A B
D
2. The revenue and expenditure of four different
(a) 2 (b) 3
companies P, Q, R and S in 2015 are shown
in the figure. If the revenue of company Q in (c) 3 (d) 2
2015 was 20% more than that in 2014, and
Ans. (a)
company Q had earned a profit of 10% on
expenditure in 2014, then its expenditure (in Sol. Let, radius of semicircle be r.
million rupees) in 2014 was_________
ST
C
Revenue/Expenditure (in million rupees)
Revenue and Expenditure [in million rupees]

of four companies P, Q, R and S in 2015
55
Revenue Expenditure r
50
45
40 A B
r O r
35
A
30
Since, AO, OB and CO are radius of circle.
25
20
AO = OB = CO = r
15
M
10 AB = 2r
5
then,
0
AC = r 2 + r 2 = 2r = CB
(a) 32.7 (b) 33.7
(c) 34.1 (d) 35.1 Hence,
S
Ans. (b) AC  CB 2r  2r
Sol. Revenue of Q (in 2015) = 45 million rupees =  2
AB 2r
let,
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4. Select the word that fits the analogy:

Revenue of Q in 2014 = x
Do : Undo: Trust: ______
then,
(a) Untrust (b) Entrust
1.2x = 45
(c) Intrust (d) Distrust
4.5 Ans. (d)
x = = 37.5million rupees
1.2
Sol. As Do and Undo are verbs. If Trust is treated
Profit of Q in 2014 = 10% as verb, correct analogy would be distrust.
i.e., expenditure in 2014 = 0.9 × 37.5 Untrust is used as noun.
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5. This book, including all its chapters, _______ Including all three case, ‘37’ would appear
interesting. The students as well as the in pairs for 101 + 90 + 89 = 280 times.
instructor ________ in agreement about it.
7. Non-performing Assets (NPAs) of a bank in
(a) were, was (b) are, are
India is defined as an asset, which remains
(c) is, are (d) is, was unpaid by a borrower for a certain period of
Ans. (c) time in terms of interest, principal, or both.
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has changed the
Sol. In Ist sentence,
definition of NPA thrice during 1993-2004, in
“This book” is subject which is singular, so, terms of the holding period of loans. The
‘is’ (helping verb) is used. holding period was reduced by one quarter each
time. In 1993, the holding period was four
In 2nd sentence,
quarters (360 days).
“The students as well as the instructor”, the
Based on the above paragraph, the holding
ER
subject is plural, so,
period of loans in 2004 after the revision was
are (helping verb) is used. _______ days.
6. In four-digit integer numbers from 1001 to (a) 45 (b) 180

9999, the digit group “37” (in the same (c) 135 (d) 90
sequence) appears ________ times. Ans. (d)
(a) 299 (b) 280
Sol. In 1993 holding period = 360 days
(c) 270 (d) 279
ST after 3 times changes
Ans. (b)
= 360–3 × (one quarter days)
Sol. Case-(i):
= 360–3 × 90
37
= 90 days.
Total ways to fill
10 10 8. If P, Q, R, S are four individuals, how many
A
Total numbers = 10 × 10 = 100 teams of size exceeding one can be formed,
with Q as a member?
The number 3737 in this case will have pair
37 for count of two. (a) 8 (b) 5
Total number of time ‘37’ appeared as a pair (c) 6 (d) 7

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= 101 Ans. (d)

Case-(ii): Sol. Case-(i) team of member two.
1
37 Total ways = C1 . 3C1 = 3
Total ways to fill 1
C1  Selection of Q
S
9 10
3
Since, first place can’t have zero as number C1  Selection of 1 member from P, R, S.
should be a four digit number. Total number Case-(ii) team of 3 members:
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of time ‘37’ appears = 90.

1
Case-(iii): Total ways = C1 . 3C2 = 3
37 Case-(iii) team of 4 members

1
Total ways = C1 . 3C3 =1
9 10
Total number of teams = 3 + 3 + 1 = 7.
Total number of times ‘37’ appears = 90.
But case of 3737 has already been counted. 9. People were prohibited ______ their vehicles
New such cases = 89. near the entrance of the main administrative
building.
(a) to have parked (b) from parking For lagging p.f. load :
(c) parking (d) to park EA
Ans. (b) IL X
S
Sol. In case of prohibition we use from.
 VA
10. Select the next element of the series: Z, WV, 
RQP, ______
(a) JIHG (b) LKJI
(c) KJIH (d) NMLK IL
Ans. (c) For all lagging power factor loads: EA > VA
skipped 2 skipped 3 For unity p.f. load:
Sol. z 
letters
 WV 
letters

EA
ER
skipped 4
RQP 
letters
 KJIH .
ILXs
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

IL VA
1. A three-phase cylindrical rotor synchronous Still we can see : EA > VA
generator has a synchronous reactance Xs and
ST
a negligible armature resistance. The For ‘slightly’ leading load, phasor diagram will
magnitude of per phase terminal voltage is VA be quite similar to that of unity p.f. load, thus
and the magnitude of per phase induced emf is EA will be greater than VA. Thus P is false.
EA. Considering the following two statements, EA
P and Q.
P : For any three-phase balanced leading load I LX s

A
connected across the terminals of this
IL
synchronous generator, VA is always more than
VA
EA.
Alternate :
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Q : For any three-phase balanced lagging load

A (cylindrical rotor) synchronous generator (with
connected across the terminals of this
ra = 0) has always positive voltage regulation
synchronous generator, VA is always less than
for lagging p.f. loads i.e. EA > VA. Whereas it
EA.
has positive, zero and negative regulation for
Which of the following optins is correct? leading loads i.e. all cases EA > VA, EA = VA and
EA < VA are possible.
S
(a) P is true and Q is false

(b) P is true and Q is true 2. A sequence detector is designed to detect
precisely 3 digital inputs, with overlapping
(c) P is false and Q is true
sequences detectable. For the sequence (1, 0,
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(d) P is false and Q is false 1) and input data (1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1,1, 0, 1, 0,

Ans. (c) 1, 1, 0) what is the output of this detector?
Sol. P is false and Q is true. (a) 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0
jXS Va0 (b) 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0
IL (c) 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0
To load
+ (d) 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0
EA
Ans. (b)
Sol. Given overlapping sequence input data
= 11010011010110 = 1.73240°A
It will give output 1 when 101 is detected.  Magnitude of I1 = 1.732 A.
110 – 0
4. xR and xA are, respectively, the rms and average
101 – 1
values of x(t) = x(t – T), and similarly, yR and
010 – 0 yA are, respectively, the rms and average values
100 – 0 of y(t) = kx(t). k, T are independent of t. Which
001 – 0 of the following is true?
011 – 0 (a) yA = kxA; yR = kxR
110 – 0 (b) yA  kxA; yR  kxR
101 – 1 (c) yA = kxA; yR  kxR
010 – 0 (d) yA  kxA; yR = kxR
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101 – 1 Ans. (c)
011 – 0 1
110 – 0 Sol. xA = T  x  t  dt
T 
So, output = 010000010100
1
yA =  kx  A  kx  t  dt
3. Currents through ammeters A2 and A3 in the T T 
figure are 110° A and 10° A , respectively. = kxA
ST
The reading of the ammeter A1 (rounded off to
1
3 decimal places) is ________ A. x 2  t  dt
xR = T T 
I2
A2
1
yR =  kx R  k 2 x 2  t  dt
T T 
I1
A1
1
x 2  t  dt
A
= k T T 
A3 yR = |k| xR; yR  kxR
I3
5. Which of the options is an equivalent
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representation of the signal flow graph shown

Ans. (1.730 _ 1.734)
here?
Sol. Given, c
I2 = 110° A
1 a 1
I3 = 10° A d
S
From the circuit,

e
I1 = I2 + I3
 d 
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= 10°+10° a 
1  1 – cd  1
(a)
= 1cos 0°+ j1sin0° 
 1cos 0°+ j1sin 0° 
e
=  cos0°+ cos0°  1 (a + c)d 1
(b)
 j  sin 0°+ sin 0° 
= (1.3268 + j1 . 1133) A
e
1 a(d + c) 1 (c) c alone cannot ensure that all roots are

(c) real
(d) d can be chosen to ensure that x = 0 is a
e root for any given set a, b, c
 c  Ans. (d)
a 
1  1 – cd  1 Sol. F(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
(d)
For x = 0 to be one of the root, d can be
choosen as zero (d = 0)
e F(x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx = 0
Ans. (a)
 x (ax2 + bx + c) = 0
c x = 0 is one of the solution.
Sol.
ER
1 a d 1 8. Thyristor T1 is triggered at an angle  (in
degree), and T2 at angle 180° +  , in each
cycle of the sinusoidal input voltage. Assume
e both thyristors to be ideal. To control the load
After reducing signal flow graph: power over the range 0 to 2kW, the minimum
d range of variation in  is:
a 1  cd T1
1 1
ST
200 V +
T2
e
50Hz ~ –
10 –60° 
ad
1  cd
(a) 0° to 60° (b) 60° to 120°
1 1
(c) 0° to 120° (d) 60° to 180°
A
Ans. (c)
e Sol.
6. Out of the following options, the most relevant Vs
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information needed to specify the real power I

(P) at the PV buses in a load flow analysis is 
t
–60° 120° 2
(a) base power of the generator
(b) rated voltage of the generator
As load is capacitive, for any  :
(c) solution of economic load dispatch
S
V0
(d) rated power output of the generator
Ans. (c) 
  2
Sol. Most relevant information needed to specify P
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at PV buses is solution of economic load

dispatch. 1/2
Vm  1 
7. ax3 + bx2 + cx + d is a polynomial on real x Vor =      2 sin2 
2
over real coefficients a, b, c, d wherein a  0.
2
Which of the following statements is true? V 
P0 =  or   R
(a) a, b, c, d can be chosen to ensure that all  z 
roots are complex 2 2
Vor V
(b) no choice of coefficients can make all roots =  5  or
100 20
indentical
For   0 P
 3 =
Vm 10
Vor =  200  = 30 MW
2 P
So, P2 = P  P  100  30
200
P0 =  2KW = 130 MW
20
For   120 , as current distinguishes, so 10. Consider the initial value problem below. The
value of y at x = ln 2. (rounded off to 3 decimal
P = 0.
places) is __________
So,  should be 0° to 120°.
dy
= 2x – y, y  0  =1
9. A single 50 Hz synchronous generator on droop dx
control was delivering 100 MW power to a
system. Due to increase in load, generator Ans. (0.85__0.95)
ER
power had to be increased by 10 MW, as a
dy
result of which, system frequency dropped to Sol. = 2x–y y(0) = 1
49.75 Hz. Further increase in load in the dx
system resulted in a frequency of 49.25 Hz. At
this condition, the power in MW supplied by dy
+ y = 2x
the generator is _______ (rounded off to 2 dx
decimal places).
 p.dx
Ans. (130_130)
ST Integral factor (IF) = e
Sol. Given: P = 1, Q = 2x
f = 50 Hz
P = 100 MW IF = e dx = ex
Using fpu = R Ppu ...(i) Solution of the equation :

For Ist case:-
A
f1 = 49.75
y × I.F. =  I.F.Q dx
P = + 10 MW x
y.ex =  2x e dx
f = f1 – f = 49.75 – 50 = –0.25 Hz
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Using equation (i) y.ex = 2(x–1)ex + c
f P
y = 2(x –1) + ce–x
= R Given : y(0) = 1
f P
0.25  10  So,
 = R   ...(ii)
50  100 
S
0
For 2nd case: 1  2  0  1   Ce
f2 = 49.25 Hz C= 3
f = 49.25 – 50 = – 0.75 Hz Y = 2(x –1) + 3e–x
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Using equation (i)

For x = ln2
0.75  P  Y = 2(ln2 –1) + 3e– ln2
 = R   ...(iii)
50  100 
Dividing equation (iii) by equation (ii) Y = 2(ln2 –1) + 3 × 1
2
0.75  P 
R   
50  100  Y = 0.886.
0.25 =  10 
R   
50  100 
11. The cross-section of a metal-oxide- The threshold pu current for operation of the
semiconductor structure is shown distance relay for a solid three phase-to-ground
schematically. Starting from an uncharged fault on the transmission line is closest to:
condition, a bias of +3 V is applied to the gate (a) 3.61 (b) 5.00
contact, with respect to the body contact. The
charge inside the silicon dioxide layer is then (c) 6.25 (d) 1.00
measured to be +Q. The total charge contained Ans. (c)
within the dashed box shown, upon application Sol. Given:
of bias, expressed as a multiple of Q (absolute
value in coulombs, rounded off to the nearest Line reactance = 0.2 pu
integer) is ____________ But as only 80% of the line is protected by
distance relay so, reactance of the line as
GATE seen by the relay will be
Silicon Dioxide X = 0.8 × 0.2 = 0.16 Pu
ER
Si Vt = 1 Pu
BODY Vt
Solid 3   fault current (If) =
DASHED BOX X
Ans. (0) 1
If =  6.25Pu
Sol. 0.16
Gate 13. A single-phase, 4kVA, 200 V/100 V, 50 Hz

transformer with laminated CRGO steel core
ST
SiO 2 has rated no-load loss of 450 W. When the
high-voltage winding is excited with 160 V, 40
Hz sinusoidal ac supply, the no-load losses are
Si found to be 320 W. When the high-voltage
winding of the same transformer is supplied
from a 100 V, 25 Hz sinusoidal ac source, the
Body no-load losses will be _____________ W
A
(rounded off to 2 decimal places).
Given, charge in the SiO2 layer = +Q Ans. (162.30_162.70)
In MOS, gate and SiO2 layer behave as a Sol. Given core losses at rated conditions :
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capacitor. At core loss

200 V, 50Hz 450 W
–Q (Gate) 160V, 40 Hz 320 W
100 V, 25 Hz ?
+Q (SiO 2)
S
V
We can see   is constant in all three cases.
f 
Therefore, the charge in the gate layer will be
–Q. Ph  f
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Overall charge in dashed box = +Q – Q Pe  f2

= 0 then
12. A lossless transmission line with 0.2 pu Pe1  Ph1 = 450

reactance per phase uniformly distributed along
the length of the line, connecting a generator 0.64 Pe1 + 0.8 Ph2 = 320
bus to a load bus, is protected up to 80% of its
length by a distance relay placed at the P  (0.8)2 P 
 e2 e1

generator bus. The generator terminal voltage  Ph  0.8 Ph 
is 1 pu. There is no generator at the load bus.  2 2 
On solving above equations 6

 H(s) = s  4
2
Pe1 = 250 W
q(s) = charecteristics equation
Ph1 = 200 W
(s2 + 4) = 0
For 100V, 25 Hz So, poles are at s = + 2j.
2
 25  16. The value of the following complex integral,
Pe3 =   × 250 = 62.5 W
 50  with C representing the unit circle centered at
 25  origin in the counterclockwise sense, is:
Ph3 =   × 200 = 100 W
 50 
z2 + 1
So total no load losses = Pe3 + Ph3 = 162.5 W  z2 – 2z dz
C
ER
14. A common-source amplifier with a drain (a) –8 i (b) 8 i
resistance RD = 4.7 k is powered using a 10 (c) i (d) – i
V power supply. Assuming that the
Ans. (d)
transconductance, g m, is 520A / V, the
voltage gain of the amplifier is closed to: 2
Z 1
(a) –2.44 (b) 2.44 Sol. I =  Z2  2z dz |z| = 1
c
(c) 1.22 (d) –1.22
ST
Using Cauchy’s integral theorem
Ans. (a)
F z
Sol. Given,  Z  a dz  2i  Re z a   ...(i)
c
RD = 4.7 k
2
gm = 520 × 10–6 A/V Z 1
I =  Z  dz
Z  2
A
c
So, for common source amplifier voltage Gain
(Av) = – RDgm Poles are at Z = 0 and 2 but only
Hence AV = – [4.7 × 103 × 520 × 10–6] Z = 0 lies inside the unit circle.
= – 2.44 2
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Z 1
Residue at (Z = 0) = Zlim Z
15. Consider a linear time-invariant system whose 0 Z Z  2
input r(t) and output y(t) are related by the 1
following different equation: Re(z=0) = –
2
Using equation (i)
d2 y  t 
+ 4y  t  = 6r  t 
S
2
dt2 Z 1  1 
 Z  Z  2dZ  2i   2   i
The poles of this system are at
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(a) + 2j, – 2j (b) +4j, – 4j 17. Which of the following is true for all possible
(c) +2 – 2 (d) +4, –4 non-zero choices of integers m, n; m  n, or all
possible non-zero choices of real numbers p, q
Ans. (a)
: p  q, as applicable?
Sol. Given equation

1
2 sin m sin nd = 0
 0
d y t (a)
 2
 4y(t)  6 r(t)
dt

In laplace domain, initial condition 1
sin p cos qd = 0
2 –
(b)
 s2 y(s) + 4 y(s) = 6  R  s 
 As system is causal. So, z will include  .

1
lim
(c)    sin p sin qd = 0 Converge system is stable in nature. In z
2 – transform pole must include unit circle.
/2 So, 2z > 1
1
sin p sin qd = 0
2 – / 2
(d)
So, z >1/2
Ans. (b) 19. Which of the following statements is true about
Sol.  p  q the two sided laplace transform?
 (a) The number of finite poles and finite zeroes
1
 sin p  cosq  must be equal
2 
(b) If a signal can be expressed as a weighted
 sum of shifted one sided exponentials, then
1 1
= 2 . 2  sin  p  q    sin  p  q   d its laplace transform will have no poles
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

(c) It exists for every signal that may or may
1  1 1  not have a fourier transform
 cos  p  q    cos  p  q  
4   p  q  p  q   (d) It has no poles for any bounded signal that
1  1 is non-zero only inside a finite time
= cos  p  q    cos  p  q   –   interval.
4  p  q
Ans. (d)
1
cos  p  q    cos  p  q    

ST Sol. Two sided laplace transform for a signal that
pq  is bounded [i.e., non zero only inside a finite
= 0
interval] cannot have any pole for which two
n
sided laplace transform approaches infinity.
18. Consider a signal x n  =  1  1  n  , where In other words, such signal cannot have pole
2 in its two sided laplace transform.
1[n] = 0 if n < 0, and 1[n] = 1, if n  0 . The
For example,
A
z –k x(t)
z-transform of x[n – k], k > 0 is with
1 –1
1– z
2
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region of convergence being. 1

(a) |z| < 2 (b) |z| > 2
(c) |z| > 1/2 (d) |z| < 1/2
–1 1
Ans. (c)
x(t) = u(t + 1) – u(t – 1)
Sol. Given
S
s –s
n e –e
1 x(s) =
x(n) =   1[n] s
2
IE
2  2
In question 1[n] = 0 if n < 0 and 1 [n] = 1 s s 
if n > 0 1+s+  ... – 1 – s + 
2  2
=
So, 1 [n] = u[n] = unit function s
n 2
1 2s
 x[n] =   u n  2s +  ...
2 = 2
–k s
z
= transform of n[n–k] – given  s
  1  –1  x(s) = 2 +  ...
1    z  2
 2 
Clearly x(s) does not have pole.

So, option (d) is correct.
1 Is
There many be signal for which both IL
Diode Current
Bilateral transform and fourier transform Vsource Rload
don’t exist.
ID
So, option (c) also incorrect. Lload
D
The number of finite pole and finite zero
2 4 Time
need not be equal.
So, option (a) cannot be correct.
Checking option (b).
3
Let, x(t) = e –t –(t–1) –(t–2)
+ 2e + 3e  ...
ER
Using KCL, Is  IL – ID
–s –2s
1 2e 3e For inductively loaded circuits, load current
x(s) =  
s +1 s +1 s +1 can be assumed to be constant.
–s –2s  Is is maximum when, ID is minimum, i.e.,
1  2e  3e
x(s) = at point 3.
s +1
Therefore, IGBT experiences highest current
So, x(s) has pole, so, option (b) also cannot stress at point 3.
ST
be correct.
21. A single-phase inverter is fed from a 100 V dc
20. A double pulse measurement for an inductively source and is controlled using a quasi-square
loaded circuit controlled by the IGBT switch is wave modulation scheme to produce an output
carried out to evaluate the reverse recovery waveform, v(t), as shown. The angle  is
characteristics of the diode, D, represented adjusted to entirely eliminate the 3rd harmonic
approximately as a piecewise linear plot of component from the output voltage. Under this
A
current vs time at diode turn-off. Lpar is a condition, for v(t), the magnitude of the 5th
parasitic inductance due to the wiring of the harmonic component as a percentage of the
circuit, and is in series with the diode. The magnitude of the fundamental component is
point on the plot (indicate your choice by _________ (rounded off to 2 decimal places).
M
entering 1, 2, 3 or 4) at which the IGBT

experiences the highest current stress is
__________ .
IGBT
1
S Diode Current
Vsource Rload
Lpar
Lload
IE
D
Ans. (20.00_20.00)
2 4 Time
4Vs
Sol.  on =
V sin nd. sin n /2
n
For eliminating 3rd harmonic
3
3d = 
Ans. (3_3) 
d =
Sol. 3
2 half of the s-plane in the clockwise direction,

2d =  120 the Nyquist plot of (1 + G(s)), encircles the
3
origin of (1 + G (s))-plane once in the clockwise
4Vs 5
sin  5  d  .sin direction and never passes through this origin
V̂05 5 2
= 4Vs  1
for a certain value of K. Then, the number of
V̂01 sin d.sin  G s
 2 5 poles of lying in the open right half
1 + G  s
1 sin 5  60 of the s-plane is___.
=
5 sin 60
Ans. (2_2)
1 sin 300 1 sin 60
=  Sol. According to Nyquist criteria
5 sin 60 5 sin 60
N = P – Z
V̂05 1 Where N: is No. of encirclement of origin in
=  0.2  20%
V̂01 5 (1 + G(s) H(s)) plane
ER
= 20.00% N = + ve if anticlock wise
– ve if clockwise
22. A three-phase, 50 Hz, 4-pole induction motor
runs at no-load with a slip of 1%. With full P = No of right hand side pole of
open loop transfer function
load, the slip increases to 5%. The % speed
regulation of the motor (rounded off to 2 decimal Z = No of right hand sided pole of
places) is _______. closed loop transfer function
From G(s): it is clear that it has one right
Ans. (4.20 – 4.22)
ST
sided pole: P = `1
120f N = –1 as [1 + G(s) H(s)] encircles origin
Sol. Synchronous speed, Ns =
P once in clockwise direction.
120  50 So, N = P – Z
Ns = rpm
4 –1 = 1 – Z
Ns = 1500 rpm Z2
A
Speed at no-load = Ns (1 – SnL)
24. The Thevenin equivalent voltage, VTH, in V
= 1500 (1 – 0.01) rpm
(rounded off to 2 decimal places) of the network
= 1485 rpm shown below, is _______
M
Speed at full-load = Ns (1– SfL) 2 3

= 1500 (1 – 0.05) rpm
+
= 1425 rpm
+ 3 5A VTH
NNL  N FL 4V –
% speed regulation =  100
N FL
S
1485  1425 Ans. (14_14)

=  100
1425 Sol. Case-I:
IE
= 4.21%. Only voltage source 4V is there and current

source 5A is open circuited.
23. Consider a negative unity feedback system with 2 3
forward path transfer function
+ I=0 +
K
G s  = +
 s + a   s – b   s + c  where K, a, b, c 4V –
3 VTH1
are positive real numbers. For a Nyquist path – –

enclosing the entire imaginary axis and right
From the above circuit, For n = 1, 3, 5,......

VTH1 = 4V Since the most dominant frequency
Case-II: component will be f, 3f, f = 50
Only current source 5A is there and voltage So dominant frequency = 50 Hz, 150 Hz.
source 4V is short circuited. So option (b) 50 Hz, 150 Hz is the correct
2 3 answer.
– + + 26. The static electric field inside a dielectric
medium with relative permittivity, r  2.25 ,
3 5A VTH2
expressed in cylindrical coordinate system is
given by the following expression
–
From the above circuit, 3
E = a r 2r + a   + a z 6
r
ER
VTH2 = 2 × 5 = 10V
By applying superposition theorem, where a r , a , az are unit vectors along r,  and
VTH = VTH1 + VTH2
z directions, respectively. If the above expression
= 10 + 4 = 14 V. represents a valid electrostatic field inside the
25. A single-phase, full-bridge diode rectifier fed medium, then the volume change density
from a 230 V, 50 Hz sinusoidal source supplies associated with this field in terms of free space
a series combination of finite resistance, R,
ST permittivity, 0 , in SI units is given by:
and a very large inductance, L. The two most
dominant frequency components in the source
(a) 40 (b) 90
current are:
(a) 50 Hz, 100 Hz (b) 50 Hz, 150 Hz (c) 30 (d) 50
(c) 150 Hz, 250 Hz (d) 50 Hz, 0 Hz Ans. (b)
Ans. (b)
A
 3 
Sol. For full bridge rectifier, High inductive load Sol. Given E = a r 2r  a    az  6 
r 
& r = 2.25
M
I0 I0 = load current Since we know that


.D = v
t   
 D =  E 0 r E
Isource 
= 2.25 0 E
I0 
S
Isource = Source current .  2.25 0 E  = v

2d 
–I0 or v = 2.25 0  .E
In cylindrical coordinates
IE

4I0 n
Isource =  n sin nd sin 2 sin  n t  n   1  1 A Az
n 1,3,5 .A = r r  rA r   r   z

2d = , d  1 
 r.2r   1   3    6 
2 v = 2.25 0 
 r r r   r  z 

4I0 
Isource =  sin 2 n   sin  n t    1 
n n 1,3,5  2 = 2.25 0  4r  0  0 
r 
Isource  0
= 2.25  4 0
= 9 0 (c) The system impulse response is non-zero

at infinitely many instant
So option ie. 9 0 is the correct answer.
(d) The system is necessarily causal
27. Which of the following options is correct for Ans. (c)
the system shown below?
Sol. Checking 1st option
R(s) 1 1 Y(s)
y(n) – ay(n–1) = b0x(n) – b1x (n–1)
+
– s +1 s 2 Put n = 0
y(0) –ay(–1) = b0x(0) – b1x(–1)
x(–1) = 0 because x(n) = 0 for all n < 0
20 y(1) = ay(0) + b0x(n)
s + 20 y(n) for all n > 0 is dependent on y(–1) also.
ER
(a) 3rd order and unstable Checking option (b).
(b) 4th order and unstable y(n) = ay(n–1) + b0x(n) – b1x(n–1)
(c) 4th order and stable  y(n–1) depends on x(n–2) and y(n–2)
depends on x(n–3)
(d) 3rd order and stable
y(n) depends on x(n–3) indirectly so option 2 is
Ans. (b) also incorrect.
Sol. Calculating transfer function of the given
ST Checking 3rd option.
system:
Taking z transform of equation of
1
2
s s  1 y(z) – az–1 y(z) = b0x(z) – b1z–1x(z)
H(s) = 1 20
1 2  y  z  b0  b1z 1

s s 1   s  20  
x z 1  az 1
s  20
A
= 2
s s  1  s  20   20 b0  b1z 1
Hz 
s  20 1  az1
=  s3  s2   s  20   20
h(n) = b0anu(n) – b1an–1u(n–1)
M
Characteristics equation
here system is non causal
 s4 + 20 s3 + s3 + 20s2 + 20 = 0
because h(n)  0 x < 0
 S4 + 21s3 + 20s2 + 20 = 0
now
Order = 4
stablity status: since it has one missing term h(n) i.e. impu.lse response is non zero at
of ‘s’ thus undoubtedly given transfer function infinitely many instants.
S
is unstable.
29. A single-phase, full-bridge, fully controlled
28. Which of the following options is true for a thyristor rectifier feeds a load comprising a
linear time-invariant discrete time system that 10  resistance in series with a very large
IE
obeys the difference equation: inductance. The rectifier is fed from an ideal
230 V, 50 Hz sinusoidal source through cables
y[n] – ay[n – 1] = b0x[n] – b1x[n – 1] which have negligible internal resistance and
(a) When x[n] = 0, n < 0, the function y[n]; n a total inductance of 2.28 mH. If the thyristors
> 0 is solely determined by the function are triggered at an angle  = 45° , the
x[n]
commutation overlap angle in degree (rounded
(b) y[n] is unaffected by the values of x[n – k]; off to 2 decimal places) is _________ .
k > 2.
Ans. (4.78_4.82)
y
Vd0 4
Sol. Vd0 = cos   cos      
2 
Vd0 = Average reduction in output
C
voltage
2Vm 1
Vd0 = for single phase full bridge

fully controlled rectifier –1 2 x
Vd0 = 4fLI 0 for single phase fully
Ans. (–3.00_–3.00)
controlled rectifier
Sol. Given F = axy – ay x
2Vm
cos   4fLI0 y
ER
I0 = 
R 4
2Vm
RI0 = cos   4  FLI0

2  230 2
10 I0 = cos45  4  50  2.2810 3  I0
 1
460
10 I0 =  0.2  2.28I0

ST –1 2 x
I0 = 14.004
now  F.dl =   ax y  ay x  .  dx aˆ x  dy ay 
c
Vd0
Vd0 = cos   cos        ydx  xdy
2  =
c
2Vm  y = x2, dy = 2xdx
4fLI0 = cos 45  cos  45    
A
2 x 2
230 2  x 2dx  x  2x  dx
4 × 50 × 2.28 × 10–3 × 14.004 =  F.dl =
x 1

x 2
 1 
M
 cos  45     x 2dx

 2   F.dl = – 
x 1
6.385 = 103.536 0.707  cos  45   1  3 2

=  x 1
3
6.385
= 0.707  cos 45    1  3  3 
103.536 = 2  1 
3
S
  4.80
1
30. Let ax and ay be unit vectors along x and y 8  1  3.00
=
3
directions respectively. A vector function is given
31. An 8085 microprocessor accesses two memory
IE
by
locations (2001H) and (2002H), that contain 8-
F = ax y – ay x bit numbers 98H and B1H, respectively. The
The line integral of the above function following program is executed.
LXI H, 2001H
 F.dl MVI A, 21H
c
along the curve C, which follows the parabola y INX H

= x2 as shown below is _________(rounded off ADD M
to 2 decimal places).
INX H
MOV M, A 33. A stable real linear time-invariant system with

HLT single pole at p, has a transfer function H(s) =
s2  100
At the end of this program, the memory location with a dc gain of 5. The smallest
2003 H contains the number in decimal (base sp
positive frequency, in rad/s, at unity gain is
10) form________.
closest to:
Ans. (210)
(a) 122.87 (b) 11.08
Sol. LXI H, 2001 H  [HL]  2001 H
(c) 8.84 (d) 78.13
MVI A, 21 H  [A]  21 H
INX H  [HL]  2002 H Ans. (c)
ADD M  [A] + [2002]  [A]
s2  100
= (21H + B1 H)  [A] Sol–33. H(s) =
sP
= D2 H  [A]
ER
0  100
INX H  [HL]  2003 H H(0) =  5 [since DC gain
0P
MOV M, A  [2003]  [A]
given = 5]
 [2003] = D2 H
= (1101 0010)2 P  20
= 1×27+1×26+1×24 +1×21 s2  100
= 128 + 64 + 16 + 2 Now, H(s) =
s  20
ST
= 210
2  100
32. For real numbers, x and y, with y = 3x2 + 3x H  j  = 2
+ 1, the maximum and minimum value of y for 2   20 
x   2,0  are respectively______.
2  100
(a) 1 and 1/4. (b) 7 and 1. H  j  = 1
2 2
   20 
(c) –2 and –1/2. (d) 7 and 1/4.
A
Ans. (d)  2  100 2 =  2   20 2 
Sol. Y = 3x2 + 3x + 1 x  –2.0 Put 2 = t
dy (t – 100)2 = t + (20)2
M
= 6x + 3 t2 + 104 – 200t = t + 400

dx
 t = 122.86, 78.13 = 2
dy  1
 0  6x  3  0   x     = 11.08, 8.84
dx  2
So, least positive frequency = 8.84
S
Y : at x = – 2 34. A benchtop dc power supply acts as an ideal 4

Y (–2) = 3 × (–2)2 + 3 (– 2) + A current source as long as its terminal voltage
is below 10 V. Beyond this point, it begins to
L = 12 –6 + 1 = 7
behave as an ideal 10 V voltage source for all
IE
2 load currents going down to 0 A. When

1 1 1 1
Y     3.    3    1  connected to an ideal rheostat, find the load
 2  2   2  4 resistance value at which maximum power is
transferred and the corresponding load voltage
Y(0) = 3 × 0 + 3 × 0 + 1 = 1
and current
Maximum value of y is 7 and
(a) Open 4 A, 0V (b) 2.5, 4 A, 5V
1
Minimum value of y is . (c) Short, A, 10V (d) 2.5, 4 A, 10 V
4
Ans. (d) Vi Vj
Sol. Case-I: Vt < 10V Y
Bus i 1:ti tj:1 Bus j
+
 2
ti t j Y  ti  t j  Y 
 
(a)  2 
   t i  t j  Y ti t jY 
4A R Vt  t12 Y t i t j Y 
 
(b)  t i t j Y
 t 2j Y 
 t i t j Y t 2j Y 
 
(c)  t2i Y t i t j Y 
Vt = IR < 10  
ER
10  t i t j Y t 2j Y 
R=  
4 (d)  Ti2 Y
 t i t j Y 
R = 2.5 Ans. (b)
Power transferred = I2R = 16 × R
Vi Vj
it will be maximum for maximum value of
Sol. Y
R. Bus i 1:ti tj:1 Bus j
ST
Pmax = 16 × 2.5 = 40W
Given circuit can be represented as
Case-II: Vt > 10V i.e., R > 2.5
1
Y
+ Z I Ij
+
+ Ii +
V V Vj
+ – – –
10V R
A
– Vt 1:ti tj:1
Y-Parameters
Ii = Y11Vi + Y12 Vj
Ij = Y21Vi + Y22 Vj
M
–
Ii
V 2 100 For Y11 = Vi
Power transferred =  v j 0
R R
Pmax will be maximum for minimum value From circuit
of R. Vi z 1
= 
S
Ii t 2i Yt 2i
1002
Pmax = = 40W
2.5 Ii
So, Y11   t2i Y ...(i)
So, in both case, Vi
IE
load resistance = 2.5

Ij
load current = 4A Y21 = Vi
Vj  0
load voltage = 4 × 2.5 = 10V.
From circuit
35. Two buses, i and j, are connected with a
transmission line of admittance Y, at the two Ii
I = t &  I j  t jI
ends of which there are ideal transformers with i
turns ratios as shown. Bus admittance matrix
Ii t j
for the system is: So, Ij =
ti
Ij Ii t j xd = j0.7 Pu
Y21 = V  V t
i i i x d = j0.2 Pu
From equation 1. Ef  V
Ii t j For a solid 3   fault, If  xd
Y21 =  t 2i Y
Ii t i 1  j0.7   1  j0  j0.7
If = 
Y21  t i t j Y ...(ii) j0.7 j0.7
If = 1Pu
Ij Now, subtransient internal emf
For Y22 = v j
v i 0 Ef = Vt   jxd   If
from circuit Ef = (1 + j0) + (j0.2) × 1
Vj Z 1 Ef = (1 + j0.2) Pu
= t 2  Yt 2
ER
Ij j j
Ef = 12  0.22  1.019 Pu
Ij
Y22   Yt2j ...(iii) 37. The Figure below shows the per-phase Open
Vj Circuit Characteristics (measured in V) and
Short Circuit Characteristics (measured in A)
Ii
of a 14 kVA, 400 V, 50 Hz, 4-pole, 3-phase,
For Y12 = Vj
v1  0 delta connected alternator, driven at 1500 rpm.
ST the field current, If is measured in A. Readings
tj
as Ij = Ii t taken are marked as respective (x, y)
i
coordinates in the figure. Ratio of the
t i unsaturated and saturated synchronous
Ii =  Ij
tj impedances (Zs(unsat)/Zs(sat)) of the alternator is
closest to:
ti
  Ij
I tj VOC
A
Y12 = i  OCC Isc
Vj Vj (8,400)
From equation (iii)

ti
M
Y12    Yt 2j  t1t j Y
tj ...(iv) (2, 210)
So, Y-parameters are
(1, 110)
 t2i Y t i t j Y 
  (4,20)
=  2 
 t t Y t Y (0,10) SCC
 i j j 
S
(0,0) If
36. A cylindrical rotor synchronous generator has
steady state synchronous reactance of 0.7 pu (a) 1.000 (b) 2.000
and subtransient reactance of 0.2 pu. It is (c) 2.100 (d) 2.025
IE
operating at (1 + j0) pu terminal voltage with Ans. (c)

an internal emf of (1 + j0.7) pu. Following a
three-phase solid short circuit fault at the Sol. For unsaturated synchronous impedance
terminal of the generator, the magnitude of the At If = 2A, VOC = 210V
subtransient internal emf (rounded off to 2 From SCC
decimal places) is ________ pu.
at If = 4A ; ISC = 20A
Ans. (1.01_1.03) So,
Sol. Given: Vt = (1 + j0)Pu.
 If = 2A ; ISC = 10A
Ef = (1 + j0.7) Pu
VOC V11 V2 V2
Zs, unsaturated =  =
Q12 cos  0   2
ISC If const.
x x
210 V11 1
 21  =
Q12  ...(ii)
= x x
10
Using equation (ii)
For Zs, saturated :
When, VOC = Vrated = 400 V V11 1 0.12
 =
If = 8A x x x
From SCC, If = 8A ; ISC = 40 A. V11 1.12

=
x x
400
Zs, saturated =  10
40 V11  1.12 Pu
Hence, 39. A 250 V dc shunt motor has as armature
ER
Zs , unsaturated 21 resistance of 0.2 and a field resistance of
  2.1
Zs , saturated 10 100 . When the motor is operated on no-load
at rated voltage, it draws an armature current
38. Bus 1 with voltage magnitude V1 = 1.1 pu is of 5A and runs at 1200 rpm. When a load is
sending reactive power Q12 towards bus 2 with coupled to the motor, it draws total line current
voltage magnitude V2 = 1 pu through a lossless of 50 A at rated voltage, with a 5% reduction in
transmission line of reactance X. Keeping the the air-gap flux due to armature reaction.
voltage at bus 2 fixed at 1 pu, magnitude of
ST
Voltage drop across the brushes can be taken
voltage at bus 1 is changed, so that the reactive as 1 V per brush under all operating conditions.
power Q12 sent from bus 1 is increased by 20%. The speed of the motor, in rpm, under this
Real power flow through the line under both loaded condition, is closest to:
the conditions is zero. The new value of the
(a) 1220 (b) 1000
voltage magnitude, V1 in pu (rounded off to 2
decimal places) at bus 1 is_______. (c) 1200 (d) 900
A
V1 V2 Ans. (a)
Sol.
Q12
Bus 1 Bus 2
ISh IL
Ans. (1.10_1.13)
M
Ia
Sol. V1 V2
Q12
Bus 1 Bus 2 R Sh V
Eb Ra
Given: V1 = 1.1Pu V2 = 1Pu
As, real power flowing through line is zero
S
V1 V2
P = sin   0
x Eb, = V – Ia Ra – Brush drop
NL
  = 0° = 250 – 5 × 0.2 – 2 × 1
IE
V1 V2 V22 = 247 V
Q12 =  cos  
x x let flux be NL
1.1  1 1 0.1
Q12 =  cos  0    At loaded condition :
x x x
...(i) 250
Now, Q12 is increasesd by 20% so, ISh =  2.5A
100
 = 1.2 Q12 V1 is changed V11
Q12
Ia = 50 – 2.5 = 47.5A
Eb, Load = 250 – 47.5 × 0.2 – 2 × 1 0I

Since B = For infinite long wire
= 238.5 V 2x
load = 0.95 NL (5% Reduction due to AR) x 2

1 0I
M =  .1 dx
Since, 2 x 1 2x
Eb N x 2
0I dx
= 4  x
Eb  x 1
N

4  10 7  2
= ln2
Eb ,load  4
N load
=  NL = 2 × 10–7 × 0.6931
N NL load Eb,NL
= 2 × 10–7 × 10–2 × 69.31
ER
N load 238.5 NL M  138.63 nH
= 247  0.95
1200 NL 41. A resistor and a capacitor are connected in series
Nload = 1219.69 rpm = 1220 rpm. to a 10 V dc supply through a switch. the switch
is closed at t = 0, and the capacitor voltage is
40. A conducting square loop of side length 1 m is
placed at a distance of 1 m from a long straight found to cross 0 V at t  0.4  , where  is the
wire carrying a current I = 2 A as shown below. circuit time constant. The absolute value of
ST percentage change required in the initial
The mutual inductance, in nH (rounded off to
2 decimal places), between the conducting loop capacitor voltage if the zero crossing has to
and the long wire is_______. happen at t  0.2 is ________ (rounded off to
Z
2 decimal places).
Ans. (54.5 _ 55.5)
I = 2A
Sol.
A
a = 1m
d = 1m
a = 1m t=0 R
+
M
Vs= 10V
Ans. (138.61_138.65) – +
Sol. Vc C
–
I = 2A
Vc(t) = V      V  0  – V    e–t/ 
S
1m
1m
Where,
1m V    = 10V and
x
IE
 N let, V(0) = V01

M = 
I I
 Vc(t) = 10   V01 – 10  e–t/ 
 N = 1, I = 2A
  1
B.ds Vc(t) = 10 1 – e–t/    V01e –t/  ...(i)
2 2
M= = 
I
Assuming B at distance x from wire where At t = 0.4  , Vc(t) = 0 (given)
x varies from 1 to 2
(covering the circular loop ends)  10 + 1 – e0.4  + V01e–0.4 = 0
i = current through inductor in a complete

10  e –0.4 – 1
 V01 = cycle which is explained below
e–0.4 mathematically
= – 4.918 V During TON time, (TON = T )
If zero crossing has happened at t = 0.2 0.6
then equation (i) becomes = 0.6T 
f
 f = 10K Hz
10 1 – e–0.2  + V02e–0.2 = 0
50 10 mH
–10 1 – e–0.2 
 V02 =
e–0.2
= – 2.214 V
di
 The percentage change required in the 50 = 10m
dt
ER
initial capacitor voltage is
TON
V02 – V01 50 50 1
= ×100 i = 10m   dt  
V01 0
10m f
–2.214 –  –4.918  = 0.3 Amp

= ×100
–4.918 During TOFF time
= – 54.98% Inductor will discharge through inverted 50V
Absolute values of percentage change = battery
ST
54.98%.
10 mH 50
42. In the dc-dc converter circuit shown, switch Q
is switched at a frequency of 10 kHz with a
duty ratio of 0.6. All components of the circuit
are ideal, and the initial current in the inductor 1
i = i L0  V dt
is zero. Energy stored in the inductor in mJ L
A
(rounded off to 2 decimal places) at the end of
1
10 complete switching cycles is_______. = 0.3   50  dt
10m 
D 50 0.4
= 0.3  
M
10m F
50 V 0.3 – 0.2 = 0.1
10mH
50 V in one complete cycle current in inductor =
0.1 Amp
after 10 complete cycles current in inductor
S
will be 0.1 × 10 = 1 A
Q
1 2
the energy in inductor will be LI
2
IE
Ans. (5.00_5.00) 1 2
=  10m  1
Sol. 2
0.5 = 5 mJ
i
0.4
energy = 5.00 mJ
0.3
0.3 Note: since the current waveform in inductor
0.2 at the end of 2nd cycle and 0.3 at the end of
0.1 3rd cycle and so on. Thus current at the end
t 3T
of 10 cycle = 1A.
0.3 0.6T T 2T
43. A cylindrical rotor synchronous generator with Rthermistor

+ Vout
constant real power output and constant terminal
voltage is supplying 100 A current to a 0.9 3V –
R1 R3
lagging power factor load. An ideal reactor is
now connected in parallel with the load, as a R2
result of which the total lagging reactive power
requirement of the load is twice the previous 0.1V
value while the real power remains unchanged.
The armature current is now_______ A (rounded
Ans. (–0.1 to –0.08)
off to 2 decimal places).
Sol. Given figure
Ans. 123_128
Sol. Given
I = 100A RT
ER
V out
cos  = 0.9   = cos–1 (0.9) = 25.84º 3V V1 R1
Real power = VI cos  = constant

R3
So, V1I1 cos ,  V2 I2 cos 2 R2
V1 = V2 [  Terminal voltage remains VT

0.1V
constant]
ST V2
I1 cos  = I2 cos 2 ...(i)
Q2  2Q1 and P 1 = P2 = P Applying thevenin theorem
Q1 Q2 RTH
 tan 1 and  tan 2 Vout
P1 P2 R1 V1
A
2Q1 2Q1 (R1  RT )
tan 2 =   2tan 1
P P R3
tan 2 = 2 tan (cos–1 0.9) R2
M
tan 2 = 0.9686
0.1 V
cos 2 = 0.718
From equation (i)
100 × 0.9 = I2 × 0.718 As we know in differential gain amplifier
S
I2  125.34 A R3 (0.1)  R1   R3 
Vout =    1  V
R2  R1  R T  R2  1
44. The temperature of the coolant oil bath for a
transformer is monitored using the circuit
IE
shown. It contains a thermistor with a 2.6 133

Vout =  (0.1) 
temperature-dependent resistance, Rthermistor = 1.3 [1  2  2T]
2 1  T  k, where T is the temperature in
9 9
°C. The temperature coefficient, , is = 0.2  = 0.2 
[3  2  150 ] (3  300 )
  4  0.25 % / C. Circuit parameters:
R1   k, R2  1.3 k , R3  2.6 k. The error  3 
Vout =  0.2  V
in the output signal (in V, rounded off to 2  1  (  4  0.25) 
decimal places) at 150°C is________.
R T is negative but it is not possible 2

practically. 2 3 3   a11 a11 a12 a11a13 
   2 2 
True value of Vout at   4% 3 2 1   a12 a11 a a
12 22 a12a13  a22a 23 
3 1 7  a13 a11 a12 a13  a 22 a23 2
a13 2
 a 23 2 
 a33 
 3  from element by element equations-
Vout =  0.2  V;
 (1  4) 
2
 a11  2, a11   2 ...(1)
 3 
  0.2  ( 3)  V 3
 
 a11a12 = 3, a12  a
11
Vout = –1.2 V
Using equation (1)
Measured value of Vout at   (4.25)%
ER
3
3  a12   ...(2)
 2
Vout1 =  0.2  = –1.123 V
 1  4.25 
Measured value of Vout at  = –(4 –0.25)% 3

 a11a13 – 3; a13  a
11
= –3.75%
Using equation (1)
 3 
ST
Vout =  0.2  = –1.290V 3
 1  3.75  a13   ...(3)
2
Error 1 = (Vout1  Vout ) = (–1.1232 + 1.2) 2 2
 a12  a 22 2
= 0.0768
Using equation (2)
Error 2 = (Vout2 – Vout) = (–1.290 + 1.2)
9
A
= –0.09  a222  2
2
As error 2 > error 1 9
a 222  2 
so, –0.09 will be answer. 2
M
45. The number of purely real elements in a lower 5

a 222 
triangular representation of the given 3 × 3 2
matrix, obtained through the given
decomposition is ______. 5
a22  j ...(4)
2
T
2 3 3  a11 0 0  a11 0 0 
S
3 2 1   a   a12a13 +a22a23 = 1
   12 a22 0  a12 a22 0 
Using equation (2), (3), (4)
3 1 7  a13 a23 a33  a13 a23 a33 
(a) 5 (b) 9  3  3  5
IE
    2 j a23  1
(c) 8 (d) 6  2  2
Ans. (*) (Let sign of a12 & a13 are same)

Sol. 9 5
 j a 23  1
2 2
2 3 3 a11 0 0  a11 a12 a13 
     5 9 7
3 2 1   a12 a 22 0  0 a 22 a 23  j a23  1   
3 1 7  a13 a 23 a33   0 0 a33  2 2 2
2 7 15
a 23   j Given: 
5 2 13
Vt = 26 mV
7
a23  j ...(5) Vd = –0.03
10
if sign of a12 and a13 are considered different. 
I1  I0 e Vt  1
0.03
 ...(i)
9
2

5
2
j a 23  1 1.5I  I  e
1 0
Vd
Vt
1  ...(ii)
Dividing equation (i) by (ii)

5 11
j a23  Vd
2 2 Vt
e 1
11 1.5  0.03
a23  j
ER
...(6) e Vt
1
10
15
2
 a13 2
 a23 2
 a33 7 Vt   0.026  0.03
13
Using eq. (3) & (5)
e Vd
0.03 
 1  1.5   e1  1 
9 49
  a233  7
2 10 Vd  0.088  0.09 V
2 74
ST 47. Consider a permanent magnet dc (PMDC) motor
a33 
10 which is initially at rest. At t = 0, a dc voltage
of 5 V is applied to the motor. Its speed
74 monotonically increases from 0 rad/s to 6.32
a33  
10 rad/s in 0.5 s and finally settles to 10 rad/s.
If eq. (3) and (6) are used Assuming that the armature inductance of the
motor is negligible, the transfer function for the
9 121
A
2
  a33 7 motor is
2 100
10 2
2 371 (a) (b)
a33  0.5s  1 s  0.5
100
M
10 2
(c) (d)
371 s  0.5 0.5s  1
a33  
100 Ans. (d)
So except a23 and a22, all elements are real. Motor
Sol. E(s) (s)
Hence answer is 7. Transfer
S
Function
46. A non-ideal diode is biased with a voltage of
–0.03V, and a diode current of I1 is measured. H(s)
The thermal voltage is 26 mV and the ideality Let’s assume:
factor for the diode is 15/13. the voltage, in V,
IE
K
at which the measured current increases to 1.5 H(s) =
I1 is closest to: sa
[ by observing option]
(a) – 4.50 (b) –1.50
  s  = H(s) E(s)
(c) – 0.09 (d) – 0.02
Ans. (c)  K  5 
=   
Sol. Diode current equation  s  a  s 
I  I e
0
Vd
Vt
1   E  5V  t  0 

E  5u  t 

 
5K 1 1  R1 I
 s  = 
a  s s  a 
 +
I1 D R2 V
5K 
 s  = 1  e at  u(t) I –
a
[taking laplace inverse) (a) Large R1 and small R2.
(b) Large R1 and large R2.
5K
    = a  10 radian/sec (c) Small R1 and small R2.
(d) Small R1 and large R2.
[steady value given      10 radian/sec ]
Ans. (d)
5K  Sol. Given circuit
1  e a 0.5 
 
  0.5 = a R1
ER
6.32 = 10 1  ea 0.5   +
   0.5   6.32 given   R2
  I1 D V
 5K 
 10..........
 a 
–
0.632 = [1 – e–a/2]
e–a/2 = 0.378
ST As we have to transfer maximum power.
a So, to transfer maximum power R2 should be
= 1 [ e–1 = 0.378] very large and R1 should be very small.
2
Hence option ‘d’ is correct.
a2 49. Suppose for input x(t) a linear time-invariant
5K system with impulse response h(t) produces
A
= 10 radian/sec output y(t), so that x  t   h  t   y  t  . Further,
2
K4 If x  t   h  t  = z(t), which of the following

statement is true?
So, required transfer function:
M
4 (a) For some but not all t   ,  ,z  t   y  t 

H(s) =
s2
(b) For some but not all t   ,  ,z  t   y  t 
2
H  s  (c) For all t   ,   ,z  t   y  t 
0.5s  1
S
(d) For all t   ,   ,z  t   y  t 

48. Consider the diode circuit shown below. The
diode D, obeys the current-voltage characteristic Ans. (d)
Sol. Given y(t) and z(t)
  VD  
IE
ID = IS  exp  nV   1  , where n > 1, VT > 0, y(t) = x(t) × h(t)

  T  
|z(t)| = |x(t)|×|h(t)|
VD is the voltage across the diode and ID is the

current through it. The circuit is biased so that
voltage, V > 0 and current, I < 0. If you had to y(t) =  x( )h(t  )d

design this circuit to transfer maximum power

from the current source (I1) to a resistive load
(not shown) at the output, what values of R1 z(t) =  |x( )|h(t  )d

and R2 would you choose?
51. The causal realization of a system transfer

Let x(t) =
function H(s) having poles at (2, – 1), (– 2, 1)
1
and zeroes at (2,1), (–2, – 1) will be
T (a) Stable, real, allpass
0
(b) Unstable, complex, allpass
(c) Stable, complex, lowpass
So, |x(t)| =
1 (d) Unstable, real, highpass
Ans. (b)
Sol. Since pole zero plot of given transfer function
0 T j
h(t) = +1
1
ER

–2 2
0 T
–1
|h(t)|= 1
 Since given pole zero plot is symmetrical
about origin hence it is a all pass system
0
STT  Since one pole on the RHS thus unstable
Convolution of y(t) can be negative but z(t)  Since pole doesnot have complex conjugate
will be always positive. poles and zeros present thus system is not
real means system is complex.
So, option (d) is correct.
52. The vector function expressed by
50. Consider a negative unity feedback system with
the forward path transfer function F = ax (5y – k1z) + ay (3z + k2x) + az (k3y –4x)
A
represents a conservative field, where ax, ay az
s2  s  1 are unit vectors along x,y and z directions
, where K is a positive real
s3  2s2  2s  K respectively, The values of contants k1, k2, k3
number. The value of K for which the system are given by:
M
will have some of its pole on the imaginary axis (a) k1 = 3, k2 = 3, k3 = 7

is_______. (b) k1 = 0, k2 = 0, k3 = 0
(a) 8 (b) 6 (c) k1 = 3, k2 = 8, k3 = 5
(c) 7 (d) 9 (d) k1 = 4, k2 = 5, k3 = 3
Ans. (a) Ans. (d)
S
Sol. Characteristic equation Sol. Given

s3 + 2s2 + 2s + K + s2 + s + 1 = 0 F = ax (5y – k1z) + ay (3z + k2x)+az(k3y–4x)
s3 + 3s2 + 3s + K + 1 = 0 For conservative field
IE
s3 1 3 F = 0
2
s 3 K 1 F = Fx aˆ x  Fyaˆ y  Fzaˆ z
K 1  9 (using RH criteria)
s1 0 ax ay az
3
s0 k 1   
For roots to be on imaginary axis   F = x y z
K + 1– 9 = 0 Fx Fy Fz
K 8   
  F = a x  y  Fz   z Fy 
 
      Ans. (–46 _ –46)

a y  Fz  Fx   aˆ z  Fy  Fx 
 x z   x y  20
For   F = 0 Sol. Given turn ratio =  10
2
 
F  F = 0 From right hand rule :
y z z y
B and C are in upward direction A is in
 
 k3 y  4x   3z  k2x  downward direction.
y z
k3 – 3 = 0 Net flux   B  C – A
k3 = 3 Flux of winding ‘X’ must be in opposition to net
Again flux. So current must leave from upper terminal.
 
 Fz    Fx  = 0
ER
x z B C
X
 
 k3 y  4x    5y  k1z   0
x z
–4 – (– k1) = 0 A
k1 = 4
and If ‘X’ winding is considered a load supplying
  winding then polarity of voltage across it should
Fy  Fx  0
ST be as :
x y
  +
3z  k2x   5y  k1z   0
x y
k2 – 5 = 0  k2 = 5 Winding X VX
So value of k 1, k2 and k3 are 4, 5, 3
respectively –
A
So, Option (d) i.e., k1 = 4, k2 = 5, k3 = 3 is
the correct answer. Then
53. Windings ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ have 20 turns each 230  120' 230  120' 2300º
and are wound on the same iron core as shown, Vx =  –
M
10 10 10
along with winding ‘X’ which has 2 turns. The
figure shows the sense (clockwise /anti-clockwise) Vx = – 46.
of each of the windings only and does not reflect 54. A non-ideal Si-based pn junction diode is tested
the exact number of turns. If windings ‘A’, ‘B’ by sweeping the bias applied across its terminals
and ‘C’ are supplied with balanced 3-phase from – 5V to + 5V. The effective thermal voltage,
voltages at 50 Hz and there is no core saturation
S
VT, for the diode is measured to be  29  2  mV.

the no-load RMS voltage (in V, rounded off to 2
The resolution of the voltage source in the
decimal places) across winding ‘X’ is ________.
measurement range is 1 mV. The percentage
uncertainty (rounded off to 2 decimal places) in
IE
230 0V the measured current at a bias voltage of 0.02V

+ A is_______.
230 120 V x Ans. (4.74_4.78)
+ B
230 120V Sol.  Vd
ID = I e nv T  1
0

C
+
Vd
ID = I e nv T
0
vd
In cylindrical co-ordinates
ID   VD  nVT 
VT
= I0  2 
e
.D = . ar 15  a  2r  – az  –3rz  
 nVT 
Vd
1 
ID nV Vd =  r.15   1   2V 
VT =  I0 e T r r r r
nVT2
ID V  
 d2  VT + –3rz 
ID
= nVT z
1 15
ID 0.02  2m =×15 +  –3r  = – 3r
= 2 taking n = 1  r r
Id 1   29m  .D = v
ER
20  2m 2
% uncertainty =
292 m 2
 100 Q =   dV
v
40  15 
=
29 2
 100 =   r
V
– 3r  .rdr ddz

= 4.756 % = 4.76%
 15 – 3r  dr ddz
2
55. Let a r ,a and az be unit vectors along
ST
=
v
r,  and z directions respectively in the
cylindrical coordinate system. For the electric r=3 =2  z=5
=  15 – 3r2  dr.  d  dz

flux density given by D =  ar15  a 2r  az 3rz 
r=0 =0 z=0
coulomb/m2, the total electric flux, in Coulomb,
emanating from the volume enclosed by a solid
A
r=3
cylinder of radius 3 m and height 5 m oriented  3 
= 15r – .r 3  × 2 × 5
along the z-axis with its base at the origin is:  3  r=0
(a) 54  (b) 180
M
(c) (d) 90 = 15 × 3 – 33  ×10

108
Ans. (b) =  45 – 27  ×10
Sol. Given, = 180 C
D = a r 15  a  2V  – az 3rz  So, option (b) is the correct answer.
S

So, .D = v
IE

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Detailed Solution EE

08-02-2020 | FORENOON SESSION

= 33.75 million rupees

Revenue and Expenditure [in million rupees]

4. Select the word that fits the analogy:

6. In four-digit integer numbers from 1001 to (a) 45 (b) 180

Total number of time ‘37’ appeared as a pair (c) 6 (d) 7

= 101 Ans. (d)

of time ‘37’ appears = 90.

37 Case-(iii) team of 4 members

P : For any three-phase balanced leading load I LX s

Q : For any three-phase balanced lagging load

(a) P is true and Q is false

(d) P is false and Q is false 1) and input data (1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1,1, 0, 1, 0,

representation of the signal flow graph shown

From the circuit,

1 a(d + c) 1 (c) c alone cannot ensure that all roots are

information needed to specify the real power I

at PV buses is solution of economic load

Using fpu = R Ppu ...(i) Solution of the equation :

Using equation (i) y.ex = 2(x–1)ex + c

Using equation (i)

Gate 13. A single-phase, 4kVA, 200 V/100 V, 50 Hz

Given, charge in the SiO2 layer = +Q Ans. (162.30_162.70)

capacitor. At core loss

Overall charge in dashed box = +Q – Q Pe  f2

12. A lossless transmission line with 0.2 pu Pe1  Ph1 = 450

On solving above equations 6

 As system is causal. So, z will include  .

region of convergence being. 1

Clearly x(s) does not have pole.

entering 1, 2, 3 or 4) at which the IGBT

2 half of the s-plane in the clockwise direction,

Speed at full-load = Ns (1– SfL) 2 3

1485  1425 Ans. (14_14)

= 4.21%. Only voltage source 4V is there and current

are positive real numbers. For a Nyquist path – –

From the above circuit, For n = 1, 3, 5,......

I0 I0 = load current Since we know that

Isource = Source current .  2.25 0 E  = v

= 9 0 (c) The system impulse response is non-zero

(b) 4th order and unstable y(n) = ay(n–1) + b0x(n) – b1x(n–1)

6.385 = 103.536 0.707  cos  45   1  3 2

along the curve C, which follows the parabola y INX H

MOV M, A 33. A stable real linear time-invariant system with

= 6x + 3 t2 + 104 – 200t = t + 400

Y : at x = – 2 34. A benchtop dc power supply acts as an ideal 4

2 load currents going down to 0 A. When

load resistance = 2.5

From equation (iii)

operating at (1 + j0) pu terminal voltage with Ans. (c)

From SCC, If = 8A ; ISC = 40 A. V11 1.12

Eb, Load = 250 – 47.5 × 0.2 – 2 × 1 0I

load = 0.95 NL (5% Reduction due to AR) x 2

 N let, V(0) = V01

i = current through inductor in a complete

–2.214 –  –4.918  = 0.3 Amp

43. A cylindrical rotor synchronous generator with Rthermistor

Real power = VI cos  = constant

V1 = V2 [  Terminal voltage remains VT

shown. It contains a thermistor with a 2.6 133

R T is negative but it is not possible 2

Measured value of Vout at  = –(4 –0.25)% 3