Nested If Function:

Exer 1:
Create a student grades based from the table provided.

Exer 2:

Supposing you have a list of students in column A and their exam scores in column B,
and you want to classify the scores with the following conditions:

 Excellent: Over 249

 Good: between 249 and 200, inclusive
 Satisfactory: between 199 and 150, inclusive
 Poor: Under 150

And now, let's write a nested IF function based on the above criteria. It's considered a
good practice to begin with the most important condition and keep your functions as
simple as possible.
 Exer. 3

Consider a scenario where you need to calculate the Commission Fee for each
sales row, depending on where the sales was made (Column D). If the sales was
made in the USA, the Commission Fee is 10%, otherwise the remaining locations
will have Commission Fee of 5%.

The first formula that you need to enter on Ce ll F2 is as shown below:

=IF(D2="USA", E2*10%, E2*5%)

Formula breakdown:

1. =IF( – The “=” indicates the beginning of a formula in the cell and IF is the excel
function that we are using.
2. D2=”USA” – Logical test that we perform (i.e. if data in column D2 is USA).
3. E2*10% – Result that will be returned by the formula if the initial logical test
results in TRUE (i.e. value in column D2 is USA).
4. E2*5% – Result that will be returned by the formula if the initial logical test
results in FALSE (i.e. value in column D2 is NOT USA).
5. ) – Closing bracket indicating the end of the formula.

Then you can copy down the formula from Cell F2 to the rest of the rows
in Column F and it will calculate the Commission Fee for each line, either by
10% or 5% dependent on whether the IF logical test returns TRUE or FALSE on
each row.
 What if the rules were a bit more complicated where you need to test for more
than one logical condition with different results being returned for each
condition?

Excel has an answer to this! We can combine multiple IF functions within the
same cell, which is sometimes known as a Ne sted IF.

Consider a similar scenario where the Commissions are different for each Sales
Location as below:

 USA 10%
 Australia 5%
 Sing apore 2%

In Cell F2 (which later will be copied to the rest of the rows in the same column
F), enter the formula as follow:

=IF(D2="USA",E2*10%,IF(D2="Australia",E2*5%,E2*2%))
Formula breakdown:

1. =IF( – Beginning of the formula using an IF statement

2. D2=”USA” – First logical test that we perform (i.e. if data in column D2 is USA).
3. E2*10% – Result that will be returned by the formula if the initial logical test
results in TRUE (i.e. value in column D2 is USA).
4. IF(D2=”Australia”,E2*5%,E2*2%) – second Excel IF statement that will be
assessed if the initial logical test resulted in FALSE (i.e. value in column D2
is NOT USA). This is a similar syntax of “IF Function with Single
 C o ndition” discussed earlier in this article where if value on C e ll D2 is Australia,
the result of E2*5% will be returned. Otherwise, if the value is not Australia, the
function will return result of E2*2%.
5. ) – Closing bracket indicating the end of the formula for the first IF function.

As Excel will assess the formula from the left to the right, when a logical test is
met (e.g. D2=“USA”, the function will stop and return the result, ignoring any
further logical test after (e.g. D2=“Australia”.)

So if the first logical test returns FALSE (i.e. location is not USA), it will continue
to assess the second logical test. If the second logical test returns FALSE as well
(i.e. location is not Australia), we do not need to test further as we know the
only possible value on Ce ll D2 is Singapore hence it should return a result
of E2*2%.

If you prefer for clarity, you can add the third logical test IF(D2=”Singapore”,
“value if TRUE” , “value if FALSE”). Therefore, the full extended formula is as
shown below:
=IF(D2="USA",E2*10%,IF(D2="Australia",E2*5%,IF(D2="Singapore",E2*2%
)))

As mentioned earlier, the above will return the same result as the initial formula
that we had.

=IF(D2="USA",E2*10%,IF(D2="Australia",E2*5%,E2*2%))