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Either planning may be large or short from the point of view of organization
but every organization want to make more effective and economical plans.
Hence, to make more effective and economical plans every organization has to
take a strong action or step which is termed as process of planning.
 Step 1
 Determination of Goals or Objectives: At first step which is
involved in planning process that is none other than the
determination of goals or objectives of organization. It is matter
of fact that in organization all the various activities are done
according to plan with a view to attain the primary goals or
objectives of organization. Hence, in the absence of goals or
objectives of organization there is no need to do plans towards
any activity. on the whole it is clear that determination of goals
or objectives of organization is one of the most essential steps
of planning.
 Step 2
Determination of Planning Premises: After
determining goals or objectives of organization the next step
which is taken under planning process is to determine
planning premises. Premises may be depicted as criteria on
which assumptions are made by organization with accuracy
for bringing certainty in future events. Premises may be
classified into two terms, Internal Premises & External
Premises.
• Internal Premises: Premises which is related to internal events of
organization is called as internal premises.
For Example – Premises regarding man power or other resources.
• External Premises: Premises which is related to external events of
organization is known as external premises.
For example – Premises against political, social & government
issues.
 Step 3
 Determining alternative course of action: After
establishing planning premises the next step is to set the
alternatives course of action. It is matter of fact that an action
may be performed by many ways but there is an appropriate
way to perform actions which is most suitable for particular
organization. It is the duty of management to find out these
alternatives & examine them carefully in the light of planning
premises. On the other hand in the absence of alternative
courses any organization cannot able to perform its actions in
easy way.
 Step 4
 Evaluating alternative courses: After the determination of
alternative course of action the next step is to evaluate these
alternatives in the light of goals or objectives of organization. It
is a complex process of planning. Because it is not possible for
organization to select the best alternative among all the
alternatives by evaluating each of them carefully in the light of
goals of organization. But despite of all this complexity it is an
important process of planning.
 Step 5
 Formulating Secondary Plan: After selecting the best
alternative course of action the next step which is involved
in planning process has to formulate Secondary plans.
Secondary plans are made by lower level managers of
organization to eliminate the problems which are grown
up in course of executing all the various activities.
 Step 6
 Determining Participation of Employees: The
successful execution of plans properly depends upon the whole
hearted co-operation of the employees. In the absence of
coordinating approach among the employees any organization
cannot able to attain its primary goals in the best and cheapest
way. Thus, it is clear that this is an essential step of planning.
 Step 7
 Establishing the strategy: Strategy is the vital part & parcel
of planning because whenever an organization face the
difficulties in course of executing the secondary plans then
organization has to make strategy plans on the basis of
fundamental plans of organization to avoid the problems.
Hence, it is too important that every organization should make
strategy plans to face future uncertainty & risk.
 Step 8
 Follow Up: It is the last but one of the most important step of
planning. Because it is too easy for any organization to make
its own plans but the hard thing is to follow the plans carefully
for the achievement of its own goals. Infect, without following
the plans carefully any organization cannot able to attain its
goals in a proper way. Hence, it is clear that success & failure
of every plans & organization as well depend on this process.
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