SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Quarter 1- Module 1
The Nature and Goals of
Anthropology, Sociology and Political
Science
Department of Education Republic of the Philippines
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
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Quarter 1- Module 1: The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science
First Edition, 2020
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 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 1- Module 1
The Nature and Goals of
Anthropology, Sociology and Political
Science

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or
universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

Overview 1

Content 1

Competencies 1

Pretest 2

Lesson 1

Activity 1 3

Activity 2 4

Activity 3 5

Activity 4 5

Lesson 2

Activity 1 7

Activity 2 9

Activity 3 9

Activity 4 10

Activity 5 11

Reflective Questions 11

Post Test 12

Answer Key 13

References 14

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 OVERVIEW

For the Learners

Welcome to the journey of Understanding Culture, Society and Politics!

Prepare yourself to discover how far you have gone in developing your
essential life skills in Understanding Culture, Society and Politics particularly
in The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science and
the Perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science. As a
Senior High School learner, you have to deal with a variety of learning skills in
your daily life.
This module will help you face the rigors of the curriculum aligned with
the K to 12 features. The primary goal of this module is not only to further
enhance your skills, but more importantly to ensure that you are able to use
these skills to develop your capacity to think critically and logically.

The objectives of this module are best achieved if the learners fully understand the
importance of understanding the nature and goals of anthropology, sociology and
political science and the perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political
science. Additionally, learners are required to:
1. Read and understand the instructions properly;
2. Write your answers in your notebook;
3. Answer the pretest prior to the lesson proper;
4. Take note of the terminologies (mark and labeled as bold) cited relevant to
the study of Social Sciences;
5. Self–check and compare your answers against the key answer found at the
end of this module;
6. Perform critically the activities instructed in this module; and
7. Answer the given assessment test after thorough study of the lessons.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This module will help you understand the Nature and
Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science.
Sociology is the study of human social relationships and
institutions. Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging
from crime to religion, from the family to the state. While
anthropology is a branch of sociology, it always describes
human, human behavior and human societies around the world. Political science, by
nature, is a social science that deals with humans and their interactions.
These are the competencies included in this module:
1. The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science
(UCSP11/12SPUIb -5)
2. The Perspective of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science
(UCSP11/12 DCS-Ic-6)

1
 WHAT I KNOW (PRETEST)
This activity will enable you to assess your prior
knowledge from the topic that will be discussed in this
lesson.
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write
your answer in your activity notebook.

1. It defines how people relate to nature and their physical environment.

A. Politics B. Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

2. It always describes human, human behaviour and human societies around the
world.
A. Sociology B. Anthropology C. Political Science D. Culture

3. It is a social science that deals with humans and their interactions.

A. Sociology B. Anthropology C. Political Science D. Culture

4. It is the study of human social relationships and institutions.

A. Politics B. Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

5. It is a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some

person or thing.
A. Beliefs B. Customs C. Traditions D. Norms

6. This term means scientific study of man or human beings.

A. Politics B. Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

7. It refers to a theoretical foundation of contemporary anthropology.

A. Nature of politics C. Nature of culture
B. Nature of anthropology D. Nature of sociology

8. It attempts to explain how the social world operates.

A. Political theory C. Anthropological theory
B. Sociological theory D. Cultural theory

9. It is used to analyse and explain objects of social study, and facilitate organizing
sociological knowledge.
A. Theoretical perspective C. Cultural perspective
B. Conflict perspective D. Functionalist perspective

10. It sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the distribution of resources,
power, and inequality.
A. Theoretical perspective C. Cultural perspective
B. Conflict perspective D. Functionalist perspective

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 Lesson The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology
and Political Science (UCSP11/12SPUIb -5)
1
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. identify the nature of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science;
2. know the goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political

Science.

WHAT’S NEW
Activity 1. What you do

Directions: List down activities that exemplify the nature

and goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science.
Write your answers in your notebook.

Activities that shows

the nature and goals
of Anthropology,
Sociology and
Political Science.

Questions:
1. How do you find the activity?
2. What are the nature of anthropology, sociology and political science?
3. How do you relate this nature to your daily life?

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 WHAT IS IT
Why do you write those words? Here are things to
learn about the nature and goals of Anthropology, Sociology
and Political Science.

➢ The nature of culture refers to a theoretical

foundation of contemporary anthropology.
➢ It has been observed that the terms "nature" and "culture" that can not
necessarily be translated into non-western languages.

Anthropology relates to sociology, it always describes human, human behaviour

and human societies around the world. It is a comparative science that examines all
societies. The term anthropology means scientific study of man or human beings.

Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociology’s

subject matter is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state,
from the divisions of race and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture,
and from social stability to radical change in whole societies. The purpose of
sociology is to understand how human action and consciousness both shape and
are shaped by surrounding cultural and social structures.

Political Science is a social science that deals with humans and their interactions. It
is a branch of sociology; it essentially deals with the large-scale actions of humans,
and group mentality.

WHAT’S MORE
Activity 2. Petal Web Organizer
Directions: Using the petal web organizer, write the most
important details about the nature and goals of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science in your activity notebook.

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Questions:

1. How do you find the activity?

2. What are the important details you find out about the topic?
3. Do you find it helpful to know about the details of the topic?

Activity 3. Jumbled Letters

Directions: There are five words that you can find below; however, the letters are
jumbled. A short description is provided to help you identify the words. Kindly write
the correct word/phrase on the blanks provided. Write your answer in your
notebook.

1. GYOLOPORTHAN -Scientific study of man or human beings.

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

2. GYOLOICOS -Study of human social relationships and institutions.

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
3. CALITILOP ECNEICS - A social science that deals with humans and their
interactions.

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

4. ERUTLUC - Consists of beliefs, behaviours, objects, and other

characteristics common to the members of a particular group or society.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __

5. SFEILEB - A state or habit of mind in which trust or

confidence is placed in some person or thing.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __

Activity 4. Reflection

Directions: Write a reflection learned from the discussion. In writing your reflection,
you have to complete the sentence below on a separate sheet of paper.

I learned that________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

I realized that________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

If given a chance_____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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 WHAT I CAN DO
Directions: Create a poster advertisement that shows the
nature and goals of anthropology, sociology and political
science. Use ¼ size illustration board.

WHAT I LEARNED
The study of Man and its various aspects is known
as Anthropology. It may be a subject of science and arts.
It is a branch of sociology. It describes human, human
behaviour and human societies and it examines all societies
around the world. It also describes the ancestors through
time and space in relation to its environmental, social
relations, and culture.
Cultural anthropology studies, human societies and elements of cultural life. An
example of cultural anthropology is the Linguistic anthropology which focuses on
language in a certain society. The goal of studying anthropology is to understand the
origin human evolution and the diverse forms of its existence throughout time.
Sociology is a social science; it belongs to the family of social sciences. As a
social science, focuses its aspects on man, his social manners, social activities and
social life. The goal of sociology is to help you understand how human action and
consciousness both shape and are shaped by the surrounding cultural and social
structures.
Political science is a social science, it is a discipline that deals with several
aspects such as the study of state and government. It deals with the nature and
formation of the state and attempts to understand its forms and functions. The goal
of Political Science is to constantly deepen the knowledge, discover progress and
protect the quality of life within a group, community, country, and the world. Thus, it
is the study of power relationships and competing interests among states around the
world.(Hudelson, Patricia M. “Culture and quality: an anthropological perspective”
International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 16, Issue 5, October 2004, Pages)

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Great! You have successfully completed the previous lesson and indeed you
have understood the nature and goals of anthropology, sociology and political
science. By this time, you will explore the perspectives of anthropology, sociology
and political science. What do you think are these perspectives and how
important they are with anthropology, sociology and political science? Now let’s
find out in this lesson.
Lesson Perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science (UCSPC11DCS-Ic6)
2

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
⚫ identify the perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology
and Political Science;
⚫ explain the different perspectives.

WHAT’S NEW
Activity 1. Power Organizer

Directions: Fill out the diagram below with your

perspective of anthropology, sociology and political
science. Do the activity in your notebook.

Perspective of
Anthropology,
Sociology and
Political
Science

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 Process questions:

1. How do you find the activity?

2. What important role does the activity emphasize?
3. Why you need to know about the perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science?

WHAT IS IT
It was not easy to fill in the diagram. To be able to
understand, read the following concepts:

Anthropological perspectives are culture, cultural

relativism, fieldwork, human diversity, holism, bio-cultural
focus. The four main perspectives of Anthropology are the cross-cultural or
comparative emphasis, its evolutionary/historical emphasis, its ecological emphasis,
and its holistic emphasis (Dudgeon). An example for this is the analysis and
solutions of the different aspects of the society such as the environment issues of
pollution, the issues on health and medicine and other issues related to the human
activities.
Sociological perspective introduces the discipline of sociology, including
something about its history, questions, theory, and scientific methods, and what
distinguishes it from other social science disciplines. Central features include social
interaction and relationships, social contexts, social structure, social change, the
significance of diversity and human variation, and the critical, questioning character
of sociology. It also explores what sociologists do.
Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives:

1. the functionalist perspective;

2. the conflict perspective; and
3. the symbolic interaction perspective.
Theoretical perspective is used to analyse and explain objects of social study,
and facilitate organizing sociological knowledge. In functionalist perspective,
societies are thought to function like organisms, with various social institutions
working together like organs to maintain and reproduce societies. The conflict
perspective sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the distribution of
resources, power, and inequality.
Political science perspective studies the tendencies and actions of people
which cannot be easily quantified or examined. Political science is more focused
than most social sciences. It sticks to the political arena and to the realm of politics,
either dealing with situations with two competing sides or the lateral decisions that
affect the group as a whole. An example is the study of democracy as a form of
government and why is democracy considered as the best form of government.

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 WHAT’S MORE
Activity 2. Converging Radial

Directions: Draw and complete the diagram in your

notebook by writing the importance of knowing the
perspective of anthropology, sociology and political science.

ANTHROPOLOGY

SOCIOLOGY POLITICAL
SCIENCE

Questions:

1. What is the importance of knowing the perspective of the ff:

a. Anthropology
b. Sociology
c. Political Science

Activity 3. Give me the details

Directions: Enumerate the perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political

science. Then, give examples of how they are being used in society. Write your
answers in your activity notebook.

A. Anthropology

Perspectives Examples

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 B. Sociology

Perspectives Examples

C. Political Science

Perspectives Examples

Activity 4. Where I can use it

Direction: Give a certain situation happening in your barangay where you can apply
any of the given perspectives. Explain it with clear descriptions in your notebook.

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 WHAT I CAN DO
Activity 5. My Own Collage

Directions: Using various materials like pictures in

magazines, newspapers and brochures. Create a collage
that reflects your understanding of anthropology, sociology
and political science. Use illustration board 1/8 in size. Refer
to the rubric for scoring.

Congratulations! You finish the module! Before you take off, let’s do some
reflection by filling out the box below with your insights and what you feel about
the discussions and tasks provided.

Reflective Questions: Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. How the perspective of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science help

you?

2. Now that you have learned about these concepts, what will you do next?

3. How can you apply these concepts in your daily life?

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 Post Test
Directions: True or False. Analyze each statement. Write
T If the statement is true and write F if the statement is
false. Write your answer in your activity notebook..

________1.Culture is defined as how people relate to nature and their physical

environment.
_______ 2. The term “Politics” means scientific study of man or human beings.
________3. Theoretical perspective is used to analyse and explain objects of social
study, and facilitate organizing sociological knowledge.
________4. Anthropology always describes human, human behaviour and human
societies around the world.
________5. Beliefs refer to the state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is
placed in some person or thing.
________6. Cultural perspective sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the
distribution of resources, power, and inequality.
________7. Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions.
________8. Sociological theory attempts to explain how the social world operates
________9. Political Science, social science that deals with humans and their
interactions.
________10. Nature of politics refers to a theoretical foundation of contemporary
anthropology.

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 ANSWER KEY

Rubric for poster making

Category 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point

Coverage of the Details on the poster Details on the poster Details on the poster Details on the poster
Topic capture the include important relate to the topic but have little or nothing to
important information but the are too general or do with main topic.
information about audience may need incomplete. The
the topic and more information to audience needs more
increase the understand fully. information to
audience’s understand.
understanding.
Use of Graphics All graphics are All graphics are related All graphics relate to the Graphics do not relate
related to the topic to the topic and most topic. to the topic.
and make it easier to make it easier to
understand. understand.
Organization Information is very Information is organized Information is The information
organized with clear with titles and organized, but titles and appears to be
titles and subheadings. subheadings. subheadings are disorganized.
missing or do not help
the reader understand.
Layout and All information on the Most of the information Most of the information Much of the information
Design poster is in focus and on the poster is in focus on the poster is in focus on the poster is unclear
can be easily viewed and the content easily and the content is or too small.
and identified from 6 viewed and identified easily viewed and
ft. away. from 6 ft. away. identified from 4 ft.
away.
Presentation The presentation was The presentation was at The presentation was at The presentation was too
at the appropriate the appropriate length the appropriate length long or too short. The
length. It did not seem but seemed slightly but seemed very hurried presenter did not speak
hurried or too slow. hurried or too slow. The or too slow. The clearly most of the time
The presenter spoke presenter spoke clearly presenter spoke clearly and established little eye
clearly and distinctly most of the time and and distinctly only some contact with the audience.
and established eye established eye contact of the time and/or
contact with the with the audience. established little eye
audience. contact with the
audience.

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Rubric for collage making

CATEGORY 5 points 3 points 2 points 1 points

All of the graphics or Most of the graphics or Only a few graphics or None of the graphics
objects used in the objects used in the objects reflect student or objects reflects
collage reflect a degree of collage reflect student creativity, but the ideas student creativity.
Creativity
student creativity in their creativity in their display. were typical rather than
display. creative.
Design Graphics are cut to an 1-2 graphics are lacking 3-4 graphics are lacking Graphics are not an
appropriate size, shape in design or placement. in design or placement. appropriate size
and are arranged neatly. There may be a few Too much background shape. Glue marks
Care has been taken to smudges or glue marks. is showing. There are evident. Most of the
balance the pictures noticeable smudges or background is
across the area. Items glue marks. showing. It appears
are glued neatly and little attention was
securely. given to designing the
collage.

Number of Items The collage includes 10 or
more items, each
different.
Time and Effort Much time and effort went
into the planning and
design of the collage.
The collage includes 7 The collage includes 5 The collage contains
different items. different items. fewer than 5 different
items.
Class time was used Class time was not Class time was not
wisely. Student could always used wisely, but used wisely and the
have put in more time student did do some student put in no
and effort at home. additional work at home. additional effort.

Title and The title is catchy and A title is provided that Title and explanation No title or explanation!
Explanation creative and related to the relates to the collage. are incomplete and
collage. The explanation The explanation partially relate to the
{ON BACK OF provides insight describes the purpose of collage.
COLLAGE} and meaning. creating the collage.

REFERENCES:
https://www.asanet.org/sites/default/files/savvy/introtosociology/UnitPages/UnitISocio
lPerspective.html. Accessed May 28, 2020

https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/nature-scope-political-science-464861.
Accessed May 28, 2020

Hudelson, Patricia M. “Culture and quality: an anthropological perspective”

International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 16, Issue 5, October 2004, Pages
345–346, https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzh076.
https://academic.oup.com/intqhc/article/16/5/345/1822533

www.google.com/search?ei=hVfFXuuFEuWFr7wPkLmA4&q=nature+%2C+goal+and
+perspectives+of+anthropology&oq=nature+%2C+goal+and+perspectives+of+anthropology
&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQDDoECAAQ. Accessed May 28, 2020

www.quora.com › What-are-the-differences-between-nature-and-culture

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Exit-Slip-Ticket-Lesson-Reflection-
1800033. Accessed June 5, 2020.
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/culture-and-development/the-future-
we-want-the-role-of-culture/the-two-sides-of-the-coin/. Accessed June 1, 2020

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Alternative Delivery Mode (DepEd-ADM)
Office Address: Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang, Zone 1, Cagayan de
Oro City, Cagayan de Oro, Lalawigan ng Misamis Oriental
Telefax:
E-mail Address:
15