Name: ____________________________ Grade & Section: _____________ Date: _______

Topic: TYPES OF COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGY

Learning Competencies & Code: Employs various communicative strategies in different situations.

EN 11/12- S1 Q1-8

Key Concept:

Communicative strategies are the means used to overcome various problems in communication

which may arise from linguistic lapses or lack of understanding (Mariani, 2010). Some

communicative strategies include topic avoidance (avoiding mentioning a topic), message

abandonment (the statement is discontinued altogether), paraphrasing, language switching (reverting

to the use o the native language), using gestures, or asking for assistance from the other participant

(Dobao and Martinez, 2007). To know how to work around problems and apply strategies, learn

about the conversations used din conversations.

A. Turn-taking

The basic unit of an individual’s speech is called a “turn” (McCarthy, Matthiessen & Slade,

2010). Basically, turn-taking refers to the exchange of turns of participants. This essentially makes

up a conversation. Knowing when to take your turn depends on the context; but in general, use

signals if you want to speak, wait for one person to finish speaking, and be alert for signals of other

participants.

B. Nomination

Nomination happens when the communicators decide who takes the turn to speak (Schmitt,

2010) . For example, in a conversation between friends, Friend A can be nominated to talk if Friend

B asks him a question. Through this convention, communicators know the right time to contribute to

the conversations.
C. Restriction

Restriction happens when the participants are limited in what, when, and how they can speak

(Heritage, 2013). It happens in various institutional contexts such as the courtroom, where the

witness can only answer the lawyer’s question. Through this convention, communicators know the

right time to contribute to the conversation.

D. Topic control

Topic control happens when the subject o the conversation is restricted by one of the

communicators ( Warren, 2006). For example, in teacher-student relationship, the teacher usually

prescribes the topic which will be discussed. But even if the teacher restricts the topic, the student

can still share h9is or her own thoughts on it.

E. Topic Shifting

This refers to the process in which a new topic is introduced in the conversation

(WARREN,2006). The new topic may or may not be related to the previous subject. This happens in

any conversations, either when one topic is already exhausted or one of the communicators want to

talk about the different topic. In casual conversations, shifting the topic is usually subject to the

compliance of the other communicators (Warren, 2006)

F. Repair

This refers to the practices used by speakers to approach problems encountered in

conversations (Liddicoat, 2007). For instance, if a communicator does not have a word for what

he/she wants to say, repair happens when he/she uses various strategies so that he/she could be

understood. The speaker may slow down until the word is understood, look for another word, or

describe what he/she means to the listener.

G. Termination

Termination refers to the conversational practices which are used to close a topic (Wong and

Waring, 2010). Pre-closing signals such as words that denote a conclusion of the topic (e.g. “so...”)

or a rising intonation is typically used to ease into the end of a conversation.

ACTIVITY1: MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Answer the following questions. Write only the CAPITAL letter in the blank.

1. It refers to any limitation you may have as a speaker.

A. Nomination C. Restriction

B. Termination D. Repair

2. It pertains to the process in which people decide who takes the conversational floor.

A. Turn-taking C. Topic control

B. Termination D. Topic Shifting

3. It covers how procedural formality of informality affects the development of topic in

conversations.

A. Turn-taking C. Topic control

B. Termination D. Restriction

4. It refers to how speakers address the problems in speaking, listening, and

comprehending that they may encounter in a conversation.

A. Turn-taking C. Restriction

B. Termination D. Repair
 5. It refers to the conversation participants’ close-initiating expressions that end a topic in

a conversation.

A. Turn-taking C. Nomination

B. Termination D. Topic shifting

6. It used to collaboratively and productively establish a topic.

A. Nomination C. Restriction

B. Termination D. Repair

7. It is where one part of a conversation ends and where another begins.

A. Turn-taking C. Nomination

B. Termination D. Topic shifting

8. It is the self-righting mechanism in any social interaction.

A. Repair C. Restriction

B. Nomination D. Topic control

9. It is a means used to overcome various problems in communication which may arise

from linguistic lapses or lack of understanding

A. Communication C. Communicative Strategy

B. Communicative D. Communicative Competence

10. Most of the time, the topic initiator takes responsibility to signal the end of the

discussion as well

A. Turn-taking C. Restriction

B. Termination D. Repair
ACTIVITY 2: “EVERYTHING MATTER IN DIFFERENT SITUATION!”

Directions: Explain in 2-3 sentences on how you can employ various communicative strategies in

different situations such as:

a. When talking to your best friend

b. In a job interview

c. When talking to a stranger

d. When talking with your teachers

e. When talking to parents

ACTIVITY 3: LET’S DO THIS! ( 15 POINTS)

Directions: Create a comic strip that clearly portrays at least four conversations used in

conversations ( nomination, turn-taking, repair, termination, topic control, topic shifting, restriction).

You can work in pair or you may do it by yourself.

Your performance will be assessed using the following rubric.

POOR FAI GOOD VERY EXCELLENT

CRITERIA DESCRIPTION 1 R 3 GOOD 5
2 4
Understanding  The comic strip
of Topic depicts different
conventions in
conversations.
 The output
demonstrates learners
understanding of the
concept.
Output  The comic strip’s topic
Content is relevant to current
happenings
 The ideas are logically
presented
 The comic strip
presents a coherent
and cohesive idea
 The comic strip
presents a coherent
and cohesive idea.
Visual Appeal  The output is visually
 attractive
 The text in each panel
can be easily read.
 The output does not
look cluttered and
messy.
TOTAL POINTS

SCORING Poor- 3 Very Good- 10-12

Fair- 4-6 Excellent-13- 15
Good- 7-9
Comments/ Suggestion

REFERENCES:
Masong A., Fernandez E., & Samillano R,.Oral Communication for Senior High School
https://peac.org.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Oral-Comm-TG2_GR11_1st-Sem.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/sacchie/types-of-communicative-strategies
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/SHS-Core_Oral-Communication-CG.pdf
Answer Key

ACTIVITY 1(10 Points) ACTIVITY 2 (15 Points) ACTIVITY 3 (15 Points)

1. C 4. D 6. A 9. C Answer varies Answer varies

2. A 5. B 7. D 10. B

3. C 6. A 8. A

Prepared by: JULIE CRIS S. CORPUZ, LPT

SHSDC/Digos South District

Checked by: AIMEE AMOR C. PORTO

Matti NHS Principal

Noted: TITO M. ENDRINA, PhD.

EPS- English