Functional Grouping and Zoning

1. Relatedness to Departments, Goals and Systems

2. Need for Adjacency
3. Similarity in general role
4. Sequence in time
- most buildings are a synthesis of systems that touch at
certain points
- in any bldg, there are usually main activity sequences
and feeder or supporting sequences
5. Required environments
- need for view
- need for ceiling height or shape
- relative security
- need for visual and sound privacy
- need for acoustic control
- noise control
- relative maintenance needed
- need for types of HVAC controls
- need for types of light – direct sun/diffused light
- plumbing involvement
- relative contamination
- degrees of privacy
- relative visual access
6. Type of Effects Produced
- radiation produced
- smoke and fumes
- chemicals
- relative weight
- noise produced
- vibration
- wet-dry areas
- relative visual clutter
- trash production
- odor production
7. Relative Proximity to Building
8. Relatedness to Core Activities
9. Characteristics of People Involved
10. Volume of People Involved
11. Extent of Man or Machine Involved
12. Degree of Emergency or Critical situation
13. Frequency of Activity Occurrence
14. Duration of Activities
 15. Anticipated growth and change
(probable/possible/imminent and growth/expansion)
(large scale and small scale growth)

Architectural Space
1. Forming Space
- columns
- columns and beams
- columns and walls
- columns, walls and beams
- walls and beams
- wall planes
- floor and walls
- ceiling and floor
- ceiling and walls
- exterior walls
- trees
- retaining walls
- stairs
- shelves and furniture
2. Spatial Quality – warm, bright, mechanical, cool, dark,
intimate, organic, inviting, elegant, homey through scale,
plants, proportion, lighting, furnishings, materials, color,
texture, etc.
Section
- static
- flowing
- universal
- articulated
- stable
- directional
- oppressive
- open/close
Plan
- compartmentalized
- regular
- amorphous
- open
- group open and closed functions
- integrated
- segregated
- physical
- visual
 3. Scale Types
- intimate
- normal
- monumental
- shock
4. Scalar Sequence
- Simple progression
- Preparation-surprise
- Constriction-relief
- Transitions
- Multiple vantage point of space reference
- Elevator/stairs/ramp as vantage point
4. Scalar Flexibility
5. Tailored Space
6. Anonymous Space
7. Space to Space relationship
8. Inside-Outside Space
- View control
- Use restriction
- Sun protection
- Exclusive/public space use
- One/Multiple space use
- Selective space use
9. Division of space
10. Door placement, circulation and use zones
11. Circulation as space
- display
- visual relief
- education
- spatial focus
- orientation
- store front concept
- multi-use of space
12. Dealing with residual space
13. Natural lighting
14. Artificial lighting
15. Roles of lighting

Circulation and building Form

1. Line-generated circulation – a linear movement space may
take many forms: gallery, hallway, open mall, sidewalk, road,
porch, closed mall
2. Point-generated circulation – composite circulation forms,
point and line
3. Circulation within circulation
4. Basic forms
5. Grouping of forms by their qualities
- Grouped by size, shape, proportion
6. Specific Form to form Relationships
- faces to faces
- centers to center
- corners to corners
- edges to edges
7. Space-Circulation Relationships
8. Placing Unique Space Shapes in Plan – locate at special points
in configuration of circulation geometry: ends, joints, corners,
centers, etc.
9. Entry points for circulation
- defined by overall circulation form
- entry at special points on circulation shape
10. Placing vertical circulation at unique points in plan – locate
at joints in circulation pattern, ends of circulation, centers,
corners, entry points, etc.
11. Movement systems
12. Routing Systems through Buildings
13. Achieving Visual Emphasis
- solid-void
- proportion
- spatial pause around focus
- backdrop
- aim at focus
- shape
- position
- size
- progression
- texture
- scoring
- material
- level
- orientation
- landscaping
- paving pattern
14. Building Images in plan
15. Building Images in elevation
Response to Context
1. Surface Drainage
2. Land contours
3. Soil conditions
4. Rocks and boulders
5. Trees
6. Water
7. Existing buildings
8. Expansion of existing buildings
9. Easements
10. Noise
11. Views from site
12. Off-site vehicular traffic
13. Existing On-site vehicular traffic
14. Existing on-site pedestrian traffic
15. Utilities
16. Building-Parking-Service Relationships
17. Vehicular-Pedestrian Traffic Systems
18. Parking Systems
19. Approach to Building
20. Arrival Modes
21. Entry to Building
22. Total Site Zoning
23. Land Forms
24. Total Site systems
25. Seating Forms
26. Landscaping with Plants
27. Landscaping with water
28. Contribution to neighborhood
29. Sunlight
30. Temperature and Humidity
31. Rainfall
32. Wind

Building Envelope
1. Footing and Foundations
2. Columns
- Shape on plan
- Column transitions at base
- Change column material at base
- Beam connections to columns
- Column to wall relationships
 - Column to roof relationships
- Column to floor relationships
- Additional column roles
3. Walls
- Wall forms
- Wall transition at base
- Beam connections to walls
- Wall to wall relationships
- Wall to roof and floor relationships
- Additional wall roles
4. Beams
- Beam shapes and forms
- Framing concepts
- Connections to other spanning members
- Sloped beam transition to ground
- Relation to roof and ceiling
- Relation to walls
- Additional beam roles
5. Roof Forms
6. Wall concepts
7. Floor and Ceiling concepts
8. Canales and water bins
9. Balconies
10. Steps
11. Stairs and its roles
12. Shafts
13. Skylight and its roles
14. Doors and its roles
15. Windows and its roles
16. Façade relationships