Credit: may11 & amon27 [Native Myanmar]

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olYrsuf0ef;rsm; atmufrSm uRefr ñTwfacGoGm;awmhrwwf MunfEl;aysmf&Tif &avonf/ okdYaomf uRefrudk
tvsifNrifawGUNyD; atmifhukd rawGU&onfh tcgrsdK;wGifvnf; ol atmifhudk ysmysmovJ a0h0J&SmMunfhNrJ
Nzpf\/ atmifhudkNrifoGm;vQif olYa&SUrSm uRefr eD;uyfpGm &dSaeygvsuf atmifwpfa,mufom
avmuwGif&Sdaeovdk ol NyKH;Ny EIwfquf oGm;Nyefavonf/ uRefrwdkY\ enf;y&d,m,fonf olYpdwfukd
cGJNcm;odzkdY rpGrf;omcJhay/

onfvdkESifhyif olonf uRefrwdkYESpfa,mufudk aq;wuúokdvf oufwrf;wpfavQmufvkH;

b,fa,musfm;xHrS pdwfrupm;Nzpfatmif xdef;csKyf ñ§dKU,lpGrf;&dSaom aumifuav; NzpfcJhygonf/

uRefrwdkYcspf&aom xdkaumifuav;\ acsmrGwfvif;vufaom rsufESmESifh awmufyaomtNyKH;udk

Nyefvnf&ifckef&if; tcsdKUnrsm;wGif uRefrwkdYonf wpfckwifwnf; ab;csif;,SOftdyfvsuf
wpfa,mufvufudk wpfa,mufqkyfudkifum rQa0cHpm;cJhzl;onf/

“ td&,f ... ig eifhudk b,favmufcspfw,fqkdwm eifodw,fr[kwfvm;” [k atmifu 0rf;enf;pGm

ar;zl;onf/ uRefr &kwfw&uf rsuf&nfa0hum acgif;cyfoGufoGuf ndwfNyrd\/

“ wu,fvdkYrsm; olu ighudk zGifhaNymvmcJh&if igolYukd vufcHr,fvdkYrsm; eifxifovm;[if ... td ”

xdkar;cGef;udk uRefr raNzyJ cyf&dyf&dyf NyKH;aeaomtcg atmifu rsuf&nf0Jvsufu uRefrvufudk

qkyfudkifzspfn§pfavonf/

“ ig ... olYudk Niif;ypfrSmyg td&,f? wu,faNymwmyg? eif,kHprf;yg[m/ rdatmif[m oli,fcsif;udk

cspfolxufydkNyD; wefzkd;xm;wm eif awGUvmygvdrfhr,f”

atmifhtoH wkd;wdk;av;u ckdifrmNywfom;aeonf/

“ ig,kHygw,f atmif&m ..../ 'gayr,fh bmrSrqdkifbl; atmif&JU/ oli,fcsif;qdkwm wpfoufvkH;

vufwGJoGm;vdkYrS r&bJ/ cspfolqdkwmu cifyGef; tNzpf ,kHMunfudk;pm;xkdufolqdk&if wpfoufvkH;
udk,fhab;rSm aumif;wlqkd;zuf Muifemr,fhol atmif&JU? pdwful;r,OfcsifeYJ atmif? rwlwm
ESpfckudk ,SOfMunfhNyD; tom;vGwf tepfemcHwJh ol&Jaumif;pdwfrsdK; rarG;prf;eJY? ol eifhudkrS cspfvmNyD qdk&if
eif 'Davmufcspf&wJhvludk b,folYtwGufaMumifhrS qkH;&IH;rcHeJY odvm;/ ”

uRefr wdk;wdwfpGm ESpfodrfhrdaomtcg atmifu tdyf&mrS xxkdifum uRefrudk ikHYpdkufMunfhNyD;

awGa0ae\/ xdkYaemuf ar;oifhrar;oifh csdefqaeykH rsufESmxm;Nzifh uRefrudk ar;cGef;wpfck ar;ygonf/

“ eifqdkvkdwmu wu,fvdkY olu eifhudk cspfvmcJh&if ighudk riJhbJ eif olYudk vufcHr,faygh ...
[if/ ”

tvGef aNz&cufaom ar;cGef;wpfck Nzpfygonf/ uRefru atmifhvdk pdwful;,Ofwwfol r[kwfay/

wu,fwrf;awmh olYudk &,lydkifqkdifzkdYtwGuf b,folYrsuf&nfESifh vJ&vJ&? uRefr vJ&ufygonf/ okdYaomf
tNzpfrSefudk atmifhudk zGifhraNym&ef uRefr xdef;csKyfcJh&\/ atmifhudk NyKH;Munfhum ydyd&d&d vdrf&onf/
 “b,fvufcHrvJ atmif&m/ apmapmuaNymwJh pum;u ighudk eif n§mp&mrvdkbl;vdkY eifodapcsifvkdY
aNymvdkufwmyg? 'Dr,f Munfhprf;? olYudkig b,favmufyJ cspfcspf b,fawmhrS r,lbl;odvm; atmif”

uRefr\ vdrfvnfrI b,favmuf yDNyifovJqdkvSsif atmifhrsuf0ef;rsm; vufueJ NzpfoGm;um

uRefrudk tm;&yg;& zufayGU&,farm&if; atmif rsuf&nfuscJhygonf/ atmifhrsuf&nfukd NrifrS uRefr
atmifhudk ydkcspfoGm;um rsuf&nfus &,farmrdawmhonf/

okdYaomf atmifonf uRefrtay: iJhñ§mpdwfNzifh olYudk wu,fpGefYvTwfrSmvm;qdkwm uRefr

oHo,0ifwmawmh trSefyJNzpfyg\/ acgif;pOfawG cGJa0rQ,lí pmusufNyD; Nyef&Sif;NyonfhtcgrsdK;utp
vlemprf;oyf avhvmonftxd wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf iJhñ§mum at;twlyltrSs cHpm; cGJa0 cJhMuaom
uRefrwdkYESpfa,muftm; a,musfm;wpfa,mufu tvG,fwul pdrf;um;uGJuGm apEdkifvdrfhrnf[k xifonf/
uRefr olYudk vufcHvkdufvQif atmifhtrkef;udk uRefr &&dSvmrnfvm;/ 'gudkawmh uRefr
rcefYrSef;wwfay/ xdkoHo,onf uRefrtay: umvrsm;pGm vTrf;rdk;xm;cJhonf/ atmif olYudk
vufcHvdkufvSsifawmh uRefr emusifpGm 0rf;enf; rdrnf/ aemufNyD; &Suf&GHUodrfi,frdrnf/ okdYaomf atmifhudk
b,fawmhrS rkef;wD;rdrSm r[kwf/ 'guawmh aocsmonf/ uRefrwdkY okH;a,muf\ wdwfwcdk; Nyóemonf
aemufqkH;ESpf tydkif; c pmar;yGJNyD;qkH;í ol NyifOD;vGifwGif tvkyfoifq&m0eftNzpf wm0efusNyD;?
uRefrwkdYESpfa,mufu rEÅav;aq;&kHMuD;wGif wm0efuscdsefwGif vGrf;qGwfwozG,f&m NzpfoGm;cJhao;\/
aemuf odyfrMumrDrSmyif qkH;cef;wdkif tNzpfokdY a&mufcJhygonf/ b,fvdkrQ arSsmfvifhrxm;aom
Zmwfodrf;av;Nzpfonf/ NyifOD;vGifwGif awGU&aom ausmif;q&mrav;wpfa,mufESifh ol vufxyfoGm;Ncif;
yif Nzpfygonf/

olYzdwfpmudk tNcm;oli,fcsif;rsm;ESifhtwl uRefrwdkY vufcH&&dScJhygonf/

taqmifae ausmif;olb0vdk uRefrwdkYESpfOD; tcef;oyfoyfom aecGifh&vQif tcef;wHcg;udk

apmapmydwfum wdwfqdwfNidrfoufpGmyif rsuf&nfuscsif usrdEkdifonf/ uHqdk;0g;pGmyif
tvkyfoifq&m0ef trsdK;orD;aqmif rSm tcef;oD;oefY r&dSaom cef;rus,fBuD;xJwGif ckwifrsm;
pDwef;xm;Ncif; NzpfaomaMumifh uRefrwdkY tcef;wHcg; rydwfedkifay/ ESpfa,mufvkH; NyKdifwl
apmapmtdyf&m0if MuzkdYvnf; &Suf&GUHae MuaomaMumifh uRefrESifh atmifonf aq;&kH0if;xJwGif
wpfa,mufvuf wpfa,mufwGJum Nznf;ñ§if;pGm vrf;avQmuf aecJhMuonf/ uRefrwdkY ESpfa,mufvkH;
wrf;waom aiGvrif;taMumif; raNymrdatmif [efaqmifrsdKodyf&if; vlemESifh a&m*grsm;taMumif;
[efvkyfaqG;aEG; aecJhMuao;\/ vrf;avQmuf&if; 'l;rsm; ñTwfacGcsum idkcsifpdwf ay:vmvQifawmh
eufNyma&mif aumif;uifrS v0ef;udk vdkuf&SmarmhMunfh&if; aNcmufuyfpGm &,farm cJhMuavonf/

nonf wNznf;Nznf; wdwfqdwfpGm euf&dSKif;vmonf/ aemufqkH;awmh xdef;csKyfxm;rIu

NydKuGJoGm;avonf/

“ol wdkYudk rcspfbl;vm;[if ... td”

tufuGJaom atmifhpum;oHuav;ü &Suf&GHUrIrsm;pGm yg0ifaeaomaMumifh uRefr

oem;oGm;ygonf/ atmifh rsufESmwpfNcrf;udk tkyfrdk;aeaom qHyifaysmhuav;rsm;udk uRefr vufESifh
oyfz,fay;&if; NyKH;Nyrdonf/

“tcspfqdkwm wkdYxifwmxuf ykdNyD; em;vnf&cufw,feJY wlw,f atmif&,f/ aemufNyD;

a,musfm;awG&JUtcspf[m rdef;rawG&JU tcspfeJYrwlbl;wJh”
 uRefrpum;u prf;w0g;0g;ekdifvGef;oNzifh uRefrbmudk qkdvkdrSef; uRefrukd,fwkdifyif rodekdifatmif
Nzpfaeygonf/

“ol wkdYudk owd&aer,fvdkY xifvm;[if”

“ol wdkYukd owd&aerSm aocsmwmaygh atmif&JU/ ckESpfESpfwdwd wG,fwmcJhwJh oHa,mZOfMudK;udk

tckrSawGU&wJh rdef;rwpfa,mufu b,fvkdvkyf NzwfawmufypfedkifyghrvJ? ol ...wkdYukd arhrSmr[kwfbl;”
atmifhudk vdrf&orSs pum;xJwGif þpum;onf ,kwdÅrwefqkH; Nzpfygonf/

uRefrwdkYESpfa,mufonf olYr*FvmyGJtwGuf vufzGJUudktwef;om;rsm;xJrS rnfonfhtkyfpkESifhrQ

ra&mbJ oD;oefYNyKvkyfcJh\/ ESpfa,mufvkH;\ qkH;Nzwfcsuft& xdkvufzGJUypönf;onf olYZeD;ESifh
roufqkdifaom? olYtwGufom tokH;0ifaom oD;oefYypönf; Nzpf&rnf/ atmifu *smuif
tuÐsvufzGJUrnf[k aNymawmh uRefr cg;cg;oD;oD; Niif;rd\/

“rNzpfbl;atmif? a,musfm; tuÐsqkdNyD; ayghayghrwGufeJY? olYrdef;rudk ay;0wfae&if b,fES,fhvkyfrvJ/

'grSr[kwf vrf;c&D; oGm;&if;vm&if; olYrdef;r csrf;vkYd ûcHay;&ifaum”

atmifhrsufESm zswfueJ ñ§Kd;oGm;avonf/

“'gNzifh zdeyfuGm”

uRefrNyKH;í acgif;cg&Nyef\/

“olYaNcaxmuf twkdif;twmudk wkdYrS rodwm atmif&,f”

aemufqkH;awmh em;MuyfteDa&mifuav;ukd uRefrwkdYESpfa,muf oabmwl a&G;cs,fvdkufavonf/

olonf em;Muyfukd olYrdef;rtm; ay;udkifekdifawmhrnf r[kwfay/ em;Muyfuav;onf
olYykcHk;xufwGif wpfoufvkH; &dSaevdrfhrnf/ em;Muyfudk tokH;NyKwdkif; uRefrwdkYESpfa,mufudk ol
owd&ayvdrfhrnf/

vufzGJUypönf; vlMuHKESifh ay;&ef vSvSyy xkyfykd;NyD;aemuf olYemrnf\ aemufwGif

olYZeD;\ emrnfukd emusifpGma&;cJh&ygonf/

wu,fawmh þZmwfodrf;ydkif;uav;onf uRefrwdkY ESpfa,muftwGuf tvGefvSyaMumif;

umvMum&SnfawmhrS uRefr tcdkiftrm vufcHcJhawmhonf/

atmifESifh uRefr rkef;wD;emusnf;rI r&Sd/ wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf wdwfwcdk; remvdkrI?

0rf;enf;tm;i,frI? rcHcsifjzpfrIvnf; r&Sd/ uRefrwdkYESpfa,muf olYudk&,lzdkY
usdwfí ,SOfNydKifcJhMuonfqdkvQif ,ckyJGwGif b,folrQ rEdkif? b,folrQ r&IH;yg/

NydKifyGJwGif ESpfodrfhqkudk aMunmcGifh&rnfqdkvSsifawmh xkdqkukd &olonf uRefrom Nzpfonf/

bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh owif;pmwGif uRefr vufxyfowif; azmfNyNyD; ESpfywftMumwGif
tNcm;vufzGJUrsm;xuf aemufusNyD; a&mufvmaom olYvufzGJU vufaqmifwpfckudk uRefr
vufcH&&dScJhaomaMumifh Nzpfonf/ xdkvufaqmifxkyfuav;udk zGifhMunfhvkdufaomtcg
olYvufa&;rsm;onf uRefr rsuf&nfNzifh 0g;oGm;cJhavonf/ usGefronf bk&m;wvsuf r,kHMunfedkifpGm
&ifckef wkefvIyf&if; NyKH;&,frdonf/

olonf usGefrudk owd&aecJhonfygvm;/ olonf uRefrudk rarhcJhol yguvm;/ uRefrwdkY olYudk

pwifpum;aNymonfhaeYudk ol b,fawmhrS rarhcJhygvm;/

olvufxyfoGm;í emusifaMuuGJ&aom uRefr\ 0rf;enf;pdwfonf olY trSwfw&

vufzGJUypönf;uav;aMumifh vGifhyg;aysmufuG,fcJhawmhonf/ olY vufzGJUypönf;rSmvnf; uRefr wpfOD;wnf;
twGufom tokH;0ifaom ypönf; Nzpfygonf/

atmifhudk ñ§mwmpdwfNzifh þtaMumif;udk b,fawmhrSs NyefraNymawmhygbl;[k uRefr

qkH;Nzwfcsuf cscJhonf/

“ td ... ”

“ig eifhukd aNymp&mwpfck&dSw,f”

&Snfvsm;aNzmifhpif;aom atmifhqHyifrsm; wdkoGm;NyD; wpfywfvSsdKqHxkH; uav;Nzifh q&m0efyDopGm

£aNE´&aeaomfvnf; atmifhrsuf0ef; ndKvJhawmufy aeykHrSm ausmif;olb0wkef;uvdkyif Nzpfonf/

“bmvJ atmif”

“ig ... eifhudkaNymr,f ... aNymr,feJY raNymNzpfbl;/ 'gayr,fh tckawmh aNymcsifvmNyD? aNymvkYdvJ
bmrS xl;Ncm;p&m r&dSawmhbl;av”

qef;Mu,faom atmifhpum;aMumifh rD;a&mifatmufrS atmifhrsufESmudk pdwf0ifwpm; tuJcwfrdonf/

atmifhtNyKH;onf ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu tNyKH;vkdyif vef;qef;awmufyae\/

“ odyftHhNozkdY aumif;wmyJ td&,f/ ig r*Fvmaqmifwkef;uav [kdwpfa,mufqDu

r*FvmvufzGJUav; &w,f odvm;”

uRefronf Mum;&aompum;udk r,kHekdifpGm atmifhudkai;Munfhaerdonf/ [kdwpfa,mufqDu ...

/ olonf atmifhudkvnf; r*FvmvufzGJUykdYay;chJonfwJh/ uRefr\vufudk atmif u zsyfceJ
qGJ,lzspfñ§pfonf/

“ol vufxyfwkef;uawmif rsuf&nfrusrdwJh iguav ... olYqDu vufzGJUudk &awmhrS

rsuf&nfusrdowJh td&,f/ eif rtHhMobl;vm;[if”

uRefronf wkefckdufonfh atmifh&,foH wdk;wdk;uav;aMumifh MuufoD;xoGm;\/

“ol ighudk owd&aecJhw,f td&JU/ ol ighukd rarhcJhbl;aygh/ wdkYESpfa,muf olYudk paemufcJhwJh

tNzpfudk ol rarhbl; td&JU odvm;? ol bmvufzGJUr,fqdkwm eifcefYrSef;Munfhyg td&,f”

uRefronf wpfcPtwGif; atmifhudk cg;oD;rkef;wD;oGm;aomaMumifh NAKef;ueJ rsufESmvGJypfvdkuf

&onf/

“igodygw,f atmif&,f? vufywfem&Dav; r[kwfvm;”

“[,f ... eifodw,f/ eifb,fvdkvkyf odvJ[if ... td”

uRefr\ykckH;ukd pdwftm;xufoefpGm atmif qkyfñ§pfvIyf,rf;vdkufonf/ uRefr atmifhudk

vSnfhMunfhvdkuf\/ xkdYaemuf txufpD;tNyKH;Nzifh NyHK;Nyvdkuf rdonf/

“ b,fvkdvkyf odvJqkdawmh ighudkvJ olu qDudkem&Duav; vufzGJUcJhvdkYaygh atmif&JU/

igwpfa,mufwnf; okH;vkdY&wJh rdef;rywfem&D uav;av”

xkdpum;udk aNym&aomtcsdefü uRefr EIwfcrf;rsm; csdKNraeovdk cHpm;&onf/

rvIyfr,Suf ai;armoGm;aom atmifhrsuf0ef;rsm; rIefa0 usOf;aNrmif; oGm;\/ uRefronf

Nidrfoufaeaom atmifhudk pum;wpfckckawmhaNymrSNzpfrnf[k udk,fhudkudk,f wGef;tm;ay;aerdonf/
okdYaomf uRefr atmifhudk pum;raNymcsifyg/

nonf euf&Idif;pGm wdwfqdwfoGm;\/ vGefcJhaom q,fESpfavmufu nwpfnwkef;u

þtvkyfoifq&m0efaqmifxJrSmyif uRefrESifh atmif ckwifcsif;uyfvsuf yifhoufrsm;pGm
&Idufum tdyfaysmfzkdY Mudk;pm;cJh&zl;onf/ [kdwkef;u wpfukwifpDNzpfí ESpfa,mufom;Mum;rSm
ae&mNcm;aeaomfvnf; aomuESifh &Suf&GHUrIudk rSsa0cHpm;pdwftNynfhNzifh ESpfa,mufom; aEG;axG;pGm
eD;uyfaeovdk cHpm;cJh&ygonf/
,ckawmh wpfckwifwnf; twltdyfvsuf tom;csif;xdrwwf eD;uyfaeaomfvnf; uRefrwdkYESpfa,muf
ta0;MuD;a0;aeovdk cHpm;ae&onf/

“td ...”

uRefr atmifhrsufESmukd pdkufMunfhaerdonf/

“td&,f ...ol wkdYudk cspfcJhw,fayghaemf”

uRefr Nrifae&aom atmifhEIwfcrf;rsm; wNznf;Nznf;csif; awmufypGm NyKH;vkdufaomtcg uGsefr

Nrifzl;orQ atmifhtNyKH;rsm;wGif tvSqkH; NzpfoGm;\/ uGsefronf apmapmuav;u Nzpfay:cJhaom
rkef;wD;rItwGuf aemifw&oGm;um rsuf&nf0Jvsuf acgif;ndwfvdkufrd\/

“[kwfw,f atmif .../ ol wkdYESpfa,mufvkH;udk cspfcJhygw,f”

þwpfBudrfwGif atmifhudk vdrfnm&kHomrubJ uRefrudk,fwkdifudkyg Nyefvnf vdrfnmNcif;

Nzpfygonf/
 xdkYaemuf uRefrwdkYESpfa,muf [kdwkef;uvkdyif NyefvnfEkysdKoGm;NyD; wpfa,mufukdwpfa,muf
rsufESmcsif;qdkif Munfhum wkd;wdk;wdwfwdwf &,farmrdNuavonf/

*sL;
(1993?No*kwfv?a&SYaNy;r*¾Zif;)

awmif;yefcsuf

“ tjyifrSm pmtkyfudk aumfyDqGJNyD; a&mif;pm;wmrsKd;r[kwfyJ wu,fzwfcsifwJholawGtwGuf

vuftanmif;cH tcsdefukefcH&dkufay; jcif; / jzefYa0jcif;udk pma&; q&m BuD;/ q&mrBuD; rsm;
cGifhvTwfem;vnfay;r,fvdkY ,HkMunfygw,f/

&?dkuf wif ay; Mu aom jrefrm usL;ypf eSif. ae;wpfjrefrm rS nDtudk armifeSr rsm;
a0rQ aom pm cspf ol rsm; tm; vHk; udk aus; Zl;wifygw,fcifAsm; ”
vif;xufjrefrm
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