Department of Mathematics

Fall 2017

Mathematics
for Business Students (MATH-201)
Worksheet Nr. (6)

Normal Distribution & Standard Normal Distribution

Problem 1

Find the following probabilities .Alwayas sketch first:

a) 𝑷(𝟎. 𝟓 < 𝒁 < 𝟐. 𝟕𝟓)

b) 𝑷(𝒁 > 𝟐. 𝟓𝟐)
c) 𝑷(−𝟎. 𝟓 < 𝒁 < 𝟑. 𝟏𝟓)
d) 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟐. 𝟖𝟕)

Solution

a) 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟐. 𝟕𝟓) - 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟎. 𝟓)

= 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝟕𝟎 − 𝟎. 𝟔𝟗𝟏𝟓

=𝟎. 𝟑𝟎𝟓𝟓
b) 𝑷(𝒁 > 𝟐. 𝟓𝟐)

=1– 𝐏(𝐙 < 𝟐. 𝟓𝟐)

= 𝟏 − 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝟒𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟗

c)𝑷(−𝟎. 𝟓 < 𝒁 < 𝟑. 𝟏𝟓)

= (𝒁 < 𝟑. 𝟏𝟓) - 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟓) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟐 − 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎𝟖𝟓 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟗𝟎𝟕

d)𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟐. 𝟖𝟕)

= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟏
Problem 2

Find Za such that:

a) 𝑷(𝒁 > 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟗

b) 𝑷(−𝒁𝒂 < 𝒁 < 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓
c) 𝑷(𝒁 > 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟏

Solution

𝒂) 𝑷(𝒁 > 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟗

=𝟏 − 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝒛𝒂)

𝑷(𝒁 < 𝒛𝒂)=0.4

𝒁𝒂 = −𝟏. 𝟐𝟖 ( Note That: P > 0.5 ,then Za should be negative )

𝒃) 𝑷(𝒁𝒂 < 𝒁 < 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓

𝟎.𝟗𝟓
𝑷(𝟎 < 𝒁 < 𝒁𝒂) = =0.475
𝟐
𝒁𝒂 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟔

𝒄)𝑷(𝒁 > 𝒁𝒂)= 0.1

= 𝟏 − 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝒛𝒂)

𝒁𝒂 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟖
Problem 3

Suppose X is normally distributed with mean of 10 and standard deviation of

2,Standardize X and find

a) 𝑷(𝟔 < 𝑿 < 𝟏𝟒)

b) 𝑷(𝑿 > 𝟗)
c) 𝑷(𝟐 < 𝑿 < 𝟖)
d) 𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟏𝟑)

Solution
𝟔−𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟒−𝟏𝟎
𝒂)𝑷(𝟔 < 𝑿 < 𝟏𝟒)= 𝑷 ( <𝑿< )
𝟐 𝟐

= 𝑷(−𝟐 < 𝒁 < 𝟐)=𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟐) − 𝑷(𝒛 < −𝟐) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓𝟒𝟒

 𝟗−𝟏𝟎
𝒃)𝑷(𝑿 > 𝟗)= 𝑷 (𝑿 > )
𝟐
= 𝟏 − 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟓)= 𝟎. 𝟔𝟗𝟏𝟓

𝒄)𝑷(𝟐 < 𝑿 < 𝟖)= 𝑷(−𝟒 < 𝒁 < −𝟏)

= 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟏) − 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟒)
= 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟕 − 𝟎 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓𝟖𝟕
 𝒅)𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟏𝟑)= 𝑷(𝒛 < 𝟏. 𝟓) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟑𝟑𝟐

Problem 4

Suppose X is normally distributed with mean of 10 and standard deviation of 2,

Find x such that:

a) 𝑷(𝑿 > 𝒙) = 𝟎. 𝟓
b) 𝑷(𝒙 < 𝑿 < 𝟏𝟎) = 𝟎. 𝟐

Solution

𝒊)𝑷(𝑿 < 𝒙)=𝟎

𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎 (𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏)
𝒊𝒊)(𝒙 < 𝑿 < 𝟏𝟎)= 𝟎. 𝟐
𝑷(𝒁𝒂 < 𝒁 < 𝟎)= 𝟎. 𝟐
𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟎) − 𝑷(𝒛 < 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟐
𝑷(𝒛 < 𝒁𝒂) = 𝟎. 𝟑
𝒁𝒂 = −𝟎. 𝟓𝟐
𝒙 = −𝟎. 𝟓𝟐(𝟐) + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟖. 𝟗𝟔
Problem 5

We assume that the house prices in a certain area are ND with mean of 145000
pounds and standard deviation of 2500 pounds. Find
a)The probability that randomly selected house (RS) is cheaper than 142000
pounds.
b)The probability that (RS) house costs between 142000 pounds and 148000.
c)The price x such that 95% of all houses in the area are more expensive than x.
d)The minimum and maximum prices of houses to include the middle 80% of the
market.
e)Suppose 5 houses are selected at random, what is the probability that 3 of them
are cheaper than 142000pounds.

Solution

𝒂)𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎)= 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟏. 𝟐) = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟏

𝒃)𝑷(𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 < 𝑿 < 𝟏𝟒𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎)= 𝑷(−𝟏. 𝟐 < 𝒁 < −𝟏. 𝟐)
= 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟏. 𝟐) − 𝑷(𝒛 < −𝟏. 𝟐) = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟔𝟗𝟖

𝒄)𝑷(𝑿 < 𝒙)=𝟎. 𝟗𝟓

𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 − 𝒁𝒂 = −𝟏. 𝟔𝟒𝟓
𝒉𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒙 = −𝟏. 𝟔𝟒𝟓 ∗ 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟖𝟕𝟓

𝒅)𝑷(−𝒙𝟏 < 𝑿 < 𝒙𝟏)=𝟎. 𝟖

𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔 𝒔𝒚𝒎𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒄 𝒂𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅 𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎

𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 − 𝒛𝟏 = −𝟏. 𝟐𝟖 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒛𝟏 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟖
𝒔𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔
[ −𝟏. 𝟐𝟖(𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎) + 𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 , 𝟏. 𝟐𝟖(𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎) + 𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎]
[ 𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎 , 𝟏𝟒𝟖𝟐𝟎𝟎]

𝒆)𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎)=)𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟏. 𝟐)=𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟏

𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒑𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒊𝒔 𝒃𝒊𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚
𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒖𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒏 = 𝟓.
𝑺𝒐 𝑷(𝒀 = 𝟑) = 𝟓𝑪𝟑(𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟏𝟑)𝟑 (𝟎. 𝟖𝟖𝟒𝟗𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟏𝟕
 Problem 6

Hamburger Meat The meat department at a local supermarket specifically

prepares its “1-pound” packages of ground beef so that there will be a variety of
weights, some slightly more and some slightly less than 1 pound. Suppose that the
weights of these “1-pound” packages are normally distributed with a mean of 1.00
pound and a-standard deviation of 0 .15 pound.
a) What proportion of the packages will weigh more than 1 pound?
b) What proportion of the packages will weigh between 0.95 and 1.05 pounds?
c)What is the probability that a randomly selected package of ground beef will
weigh less than 00.80 pound?

Solution

𝒂)µ = 𝟏 𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒎𝒂 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓

𝟏−𝟏
𝑷(𝑿 > 𝟏) = 𝑷 (𝒁 > )
𝟎. 𝟏𝟓
= 𝟏 − 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟎) = 𝟎. 𝟓
 𝟎.𝟗𝟓−𝟏 𝟏.𝟎𝟓−𝟏
𝒃) 𝑷(𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 < 𝑿 < 𝟏. 𝟎𝟓)= 𝑷 ( <𝒁< )
𝟎.𝟏𝟓 𝟎.𝟏𝟓
𝑷(−𝟎. 𝟑𝟑 < 𝒁 < 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑) = 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑) − 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟑𝟑) = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟖𝟔

𝟎.𝟖−𝟏
𝒄) 𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟎. 𝟖)= 𝑷 (𝒁 < )
𝟎.𝟏𝟓
=𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟏. 𝟑𝟑) = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟖
Problem 7
Human Heights Human heights are one of many biological random variables
that can be modeled by the normal distribution. Assume the heights of men have
a mean of 69 inches with a standard deviation of 3.5 inches.

a)What proportion of all men will be taller than 6’0”?

(Hint:convert measures to inches)
b) What is the probability that a randomly selected man will be between 5’8” and
6’1” tall?
c)President George W. Bosh is 5’11” tall. Is this an unusual height?
d) Of the 42 presidents elected from 1789 through 2006. 18 were 6’0” of taller.
Would you consider this to be unusual, given the proportion found in part a?

Solution

𝒂) 𝟔(𝟏𝟐) = 𝟕𝟐 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔
𝟕𝟐−𝟔𝟗
𝑷(𝑿 > 𝟕𝟐)= 𝑷 (𝒁 > )
𝟑.𝟓
=𝑷(𝒁 > −𝟎. 𝟖𝟔) = 𝟏 − 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟖𝟔) = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟗
𝒃) 𝟓(𝟏𝟐) + 𝟖 = 𝟔𝟖 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟔(𝟏𝟐) + 𝟏 = 𝟕𝟑 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔
𝟔𝟖−𝟔𝟗 𝟕𝟑−𝟔𝟗
𝑷(𝟔𝟖 < 𝑿 < 𝟕𝟑)= 𝑷 ( <𝒁< )
𝟑.𝟓 𝟑.𝟓
=𝑷(−𝟎. 𝟐𝟗 < 𝒁 < 𝟏. 𝟏𝟒) = 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟏. 𝟏𝟒) − 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟐𝟗)
= 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟐𝟗 − 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟓𝟗 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝟕𝟎

𝒄) 𝟓(𝟏𝟐) + 𝟖 = 𝟕𝟐 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔
𝟕𝟐−𝟔𝟗
𝒁= = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔
𝟑.𝟓
𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒘𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅𝒏′ 𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒂𝒏 𝒖𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆, 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆
𝒊𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒍𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝒕𝒘𝒐 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏.

𝒅)𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒃𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒂 𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝟔"0" 𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒓 𝒘𝒂𝒔 𝒇𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏 𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒕 𝒂

𝒕𝒐 𝒃𝒆 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟗 , 𝒘𝒉𝒊𝒄𝒉 𝒊𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒂𝒏 𝒖𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒄𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 . 𝑯𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒓
𝒊𝒇 𝒅𝒆𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝒚 𝒕𝒐 𝒃𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒏𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒆𝒏 𝒊𝒏 𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒎 𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒐𝒇
𝒔𝒊𝒛𝒆 = 𝟒𝟐 𝒘𝒉𝒐 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝟔"0" 𝒐𝒓 𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒓, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒚 𝒉𝒂𝒔
𝒂 𝒃𝒊𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒖𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏
𝟕𝟐−𝟔𝟗
𝒁= = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔
𝟑.𝟓

𝑻𝒉𝒊𝒔 𝒘𝒐𝒖𝒍𝒅𝒏′ 𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒅 𝒂𝒏 𝒖𝒏𝒖𝒔𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆, 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒆

𝒊𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒍𝒆𝒔𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝒕𝒘𝒐 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏.
 µ = 𝒏𝒑 = 𝟒𝟐(𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟗) = 𝟖. 𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟖, 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒎𝒂
= √𝒏𝒑𝒒 = √𝟒𝟐(𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟒𝟗)(𝟎. 𝟖𝟎𝟓𝟏) = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟔𝟕
𝒚− µ 𝟏𝟖− 𝟖.𝟏𝟖𝟓𝟖
𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒗𝒂𝒍𝒖𝒆 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟖 𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒔 = = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟐
𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒎𝒂 𝟐.𝟓𝟔𝟕

Problem 8
Christmas Trees The diameters of Douglas firs grown at a Christmas tree farm
are normally is distributed with a mean of 4 inches and a standard deviation of
1.5 inches.
a. What proportion of the trees will have diameters between 3 and 5 inches?
b. What proportion of the tress will have diameters less than 3 inches?
c. Your Christmas tree stand will expand to a diameter of 6 inches. What
proportion of the trees will not fit in your Christmas tree stand?

Solution
𝟑−𝟒 𝟓−𝟒
𝒂) 𝑷(𝟑 < 𝑿 < 𝟓)= 𝑷 ( <𝒁< )
𝟏.𝟓 𝟏.𝟓
𝑷(−𝟎. 𝟔𝟕 < 𝒁 < 𝟎. 𝟔𝟕) = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟒𝟖𝟔 − 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟏𝟒 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟗𝟕𝟐
 𝟑−𝟒
𝒃) 𝑷(𝑿 ≤ 𝟑)= 𝑷 (𝒁 < )
𝟏.𝟓
𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟔𝟕) = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟏𝟒

𝒄)𝑰𝒏 𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒐 𝒂𝒗𝒐𝒊𝒅 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏, 𝒚𝒐𝒖 𝒎𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒌𝒆 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒏

𝟔𝟎 𝒇𝒆𝒆𝒕 𝒐𝒓 𝒍𝒆𝒔𝒔. 𝑯𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆,
𝟔−𝟒
𝑷(𝑿 ≤ 𝟔)= 𝑷 (𝒁 ≤ ) = 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟏. 𝟑𝟑) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟐
𝟏.𝟓
 Problem 9
Cerebral Blood Flow cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the brains of healthy people is
normally distributed with a mean of 74 and a standard deviation of 16.
a. What proportion of healthy people will have CBF readings between 60 and 80?
b. What proportion of healthy people will have CBF readings above 100?
c. If a person has a CBF reading below 40, he is classified as at risk for a stroke.
What proportion of healthy people will mistakenly be diagnosed as “at risk”?

Solution

𝑹𝑽 𝒙 𝒉𝒂𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 µ = 𝟕𝟒 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒎𝒂 = 𝟏𝟔

𝟔𝟎 − 𝟕𝟒 𝟖𝟎 − 𝟕𝟒
𝒂) 𝑷(𝟔𝟎 < 𝑿 < 𝟖𝟎) = 𝑷 ( <𝒁< )
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟔
𝑷(−𝟎. 𝟖𝟖 < 𝒁 < 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖) = 𝑷(𝒁 < 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖) − 𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟎. 𝟖𝟖)
= 𝟎. 𝟔𝟒𝟖𝟎 − 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟒 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝟖𝟔
 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝟕𝟒
𝒃) 𝑷(𝑿 > 𝟏𝟎𝟎) = 𝑷 (𝒁 > )
𝟏𝟔
𝑷(𝒁 > 𝟏. 𝟔𝟐)=𝟏 − 𝐏(𝐙 < 𝟏. 𝟔𝟐) = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔

𝟒𝟎 − 𝟕𝟒
𝒄) 𝑷(𝑿 < 𝟒𝟎) = 𝑷 (𝒁 > )
𝟏𝟔
𝑷(𝒁 < −𝟐. 𝟏𝟐)=𝟎 . 𝟏𝟕𝟎