White Paper: ECOIN CDM Platform

ECC White Paper
ECOIN CDM Platform

—Reliable Global Carbon Trading System—
ECOIN CDM Platform Founding Team
March 10, 2020
ECOIN CDM Platform

Catalog
I. Overview........................................................................................ - 3 -
1.1 Clean Development...............................................................- 3 -
1.2 World Carbon Exchange....................................................... - 4 -
1.3 World Carbon Bank...............................................................- 4 -
1.4 ECC Human Forest Is A Game Based on Application Software- 4 -
II. Project Introduction............................................................................ - 5 -
2.1 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).............................. - 7 -
2.2 World Carbon Exchange（WCEX）and World Carbon Bank
（WCBE）..................................................................................- 9 -
2.3 ECC Human Forest............................................................. - 11 -
2.4 ECC TOKEN ECONOMY MODEL..................................- 14 -
2.5 Project Milestone Planning....................................................... - 16 -
III. Industry Situation...................................................................... - 18 -
1 Introduction to Carbon Emission...........................................- 18 -
Chart: IEA’s Prediction of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation in
2000-2030........................................................................................- 21 -
2 Situation of Global Carbon Trading Market................................- 26 -
2.1 Background of Carbon Trading Market..............................- 26 -
2.2 Carbon Trading Mechanism and Executing Institution......- 27 -
2.3 International Carbon Trading Market System.................... - 31 -
2.4 Development of International Carbon Trading Market......- 36 -

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IV. Advantages of the Project..........................................................- 39 -
1 Effectively Solve the Reliability Problem of Escrow............- 39 -
2 Efficient Settlement and Low Cost........................................ - 40 -
3 Effectively Solve the Issue of Carbon Emission Right......... - 41 -
4 Strong Technical Support.......................................................- 43 -
V. Introduction to the Team.............................................................- 45 -
IV. Token Use and Distribution.......................................................- 49 -
VII. Disclaimer................................................................................- 51 -
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I. Overview
ECC is a P2P exchange design service provider of environmental
assets based on blockchain technology to promote the field of carbon
emission, carbon energy bank, clean energy production and circulation. It
realizes the large-scale afforestation and greenhouse gas emission
reduction with the belief to promote with the basis of clean development
mechanism (CDM) promoted by UNFCCC. It is divided into clean
development mechanism (CDM), carbon exchange and carbon bank as
well as ECC Human Forest these several plates.
1.1 Clean Development
Clean development mechanism includes the carbon base, carbon
emission exchange, clean development equipment business and the
production and distribution of clean fuels. It is the core plate of the entire
ECC ecology since it is effectively linked with ECC Fund, World Carbon
Bank (WCBE) and World Carbon Exchange (WCEX). The carbon
emission right (CER) and cash token are recycling in the whole system,
so as to have a better production and distribution of carbon credits and
clean fuel smoothly.
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1.2 World Carbon Exchange
World carbon exchange is integrated with the carbon emission
trading of governments and enterprises of all countries, which contains
the entrustment of carbon trading and P2P transaction, so as to build up
an environmental assets processing center.
1.3 World Carbon Bank
World carbon bank is a project to take in charge of the field of
carbon emission, proceeding fund replenishment, storage and
productization of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
hydrofluorocarbons (PFCs), super-fluorocarbons (N2O), nitrous oxide
(N2), etc.
1.4 ECC Human Forest Is A Game Based on Application

Software
User shall try to take public transport and reduce the use of plastics
and other energy, so that they would be granted with ECC Coin as reward.
Meanwhile, the virtual plantation planted in Human Forest would be
planted in the real world, such as dessert areas in China and Middle East
by ECC Fund.
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Specific advantages of the project are：
 Effectively Solve the Reliability Problem of Escrow。
 Efficient Settlement and Low Cost。
 Effectively Solve the Issue of Carbon Emission Right。
 Strong Technical Support。
II. Project Introduction
In essence, blockchain achieves the credible circulation of value
through a technology system formed by multiple technologies and the
mutual cooperation among technologies, so it must be deeply integrated
with real economy to fulfill its value. The application of blockchain
technology is not limited by financial field, the thinking value of
blockchain shall be applied really to combine the technological
innovation and financial innovation with business optimization, product
innovation and demand innovation of real industry. While our Eco-in
focuses on the project of great threat to ecological environment of the
world caused by the current increase of greenhouse gases.
The current global warming problem is serious disasters caused by
temperature rise, ocean warming, sea level rise, climate change, etc., and
there is also a great threat to continent. The carbon emission right trading
mechanism reducing the emission of greenhouse gases is good for
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greenhouse gases. The representative gases are carbon dioxide (CO₂),
methane (CH₄), hydrofluorocarbons (PFCs), super-fluorocarbons (N₂o)
and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). According to the regulation of United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the
gases under certain quota could be emitted, but the extra part could be
sold and the trading among enterprises is so active.
However, people are fragile with the reliability of Escrow used in
the trading, and the current settlement with currency is increasing the
economic burden caused by proceeding the trading procedure. Therefore,
our ECC Platform gains shares and the environmental assets of the
production through investment of enterprises of environmental protection
and prevention of global warming to achieve the capitalization and
profitability. The reliability of Escrow would be ensured by building up

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world carbon exchange and world carbon bank.
ECC is a P2P exchange design service provider of environmental
assets based on blockchain technology to promote the field of carbon
emission, carbon energy bank, clean energy production and circulation. It
realizes the large-scale afforestation and greenhouse gas emission
reduction with the belief to promote with the basis of clean development
mechanism (CDM) promoted by UNFCCC. It is divided into clean
development mechanism (CDM), carbon exchange and carbon bank as
well as ECC Human Forest these several plates.
2.1 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
Clean development mechanism is the core plate of the entire ECC
ecology since it is effectively linked with ECC Fund, World Carbon Bank
(WCBE) and World Carbon Exchange (WCEX). The carbon emission
right (CER) and cash token are recycling in the whole system, so as to
have a better production and distribution of carbon credits and clean fuel
smoothly.
Clean development mechanism includes the carbon base, carbon
emission exchange, clean development equipment business and the
production and distribution of clean fuels. Carbon base and carbon
emission exchange provide conveniences for all kinds of carbon

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exchanges, so that they could have a better exchange and circulation of
carbon emissions as commodities to gain profit. Clean development
equipment business and the production and distribution of clean fuels is
for all kinds of traders and clean fuel merchants, so that they could get rid
of rough traditional way in the past and they could guide clean
development work with more data and granularity; besides, they could
promote the production of clean fuels and the distribution would be more
marketing. As for the business of clean development equipment, it is the
combination of digital economy and real society to link the
environmentally friendly low temperature pyrolysis incinerator,
intelligent power supply, clean generator, clean incinerator and other
offline equipment for a better transfer and overall planning in the whole
ecology.
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2.2 World Carbon Exchange （ WCEX ） and World Carbon Bank
（WCBE）
ECC project is a technical project to reduce the burden of traders
through low procedure fees and more rapid and convenient procedure
with the blockchain as basis and the digital currency as settlement media.
Especially the world carbon exchange and world carbon bank could
effectively handle the business and improve the efficiency with
centralization. What’s more, there would be no intervention or burden in
the trading of parties involved. The trading procedure fee is super low, so
it is a project that is not opposite to the blockchain P2P target.
World carbon exchange is integrated with the carbon emission
trading of governments and enterprises of all countries, which contains
the entrustment of carbon trading and P2P transaction, so as to build up
an environmental assets processing center. It is recorded with blockchain
technology, so it is safe and traceable. There is also combination of the
actual carbon emission and ECC token.
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World carbon bank is a project to take in charge of the filed of carbon
emission, proceeding, fund replenishment, storage and productization of
carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), hydrofluorocarbons (PFCs),
super-fluorocarbons (N2O), nitrous oxide (N2), etc. With the combination
of clean development (afforestation, etc.) mechanism, energy
regeneration project (hydrogen generator, solar heating), greenhouse gas
emission reduction project (low temperature pyrolysis incinerator, etc.), it
gains environmental assets through protecting global environment, so as
to achieve the result of economic increase. Then, the previous harvests
would be reinvested to the energy, environment and greenhouse gas
emission reduction project, so as to be a recycling system to prevent from
global warming and environmental protection in the world. The profit of
environment asset would be given to participants in the form of ECC
Coin, so that each participant could gain profit. World carbon bank plays
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a center in the entire ecology and it is connected with carbon exchange,
ECC Fund and all business. With blockchain technology as basis and
traditional bank system as skeleton, it could reach the rapid charging and
withdrawing of carbon resource really, so as to provide good feeling of
sense of experience and stability of the participants in the ecology.
2.3 ECC Human Forest
ECC Human Forest is a game based on application software.
China is one of the countries with the largest desertification area and
the most serious damage in the world. According to relevant data, the area
of desertification in the country has reached 2.623 million square
kilometers. Obviously, desertification has been the most serious
ecological environment problem in China. It would not only threat the
living and developing space of the people in the western region and it
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also seriously affect the ecological safety of the country. Therefore, it is
so urgent to have a treatment of desertification.
We present the ECC Human Forest. User shall try to take public
transport and reduce the use of plastics and other energy, so that they
would be granted with ECC Coin as reward. Meanwhile, the virtual
plantation planted in Human Forest would be planted in the real world,
such as dessert areas in China and Middle East by ECC Fund.
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Each user activated in ECC Human Forest would get a seed for free
and they would gain reward after finishing certain task. The rewards
could be fertilizers with different functions, various kinds of seeds
(different varieties have different growth periods), sunshine and water, etc.
You could also exchange ECC token with the resources needed by the
growth of tree according to certain proportion. Users could also gain
partial reward by sign-in and the interaction with friends. Users could
entrust ECC Fund to have a real plantation when the trees in the game
grow up, and they could also choose to have system recycle according to
the various types of trees to exchange for ECC token.
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2.4 ECC TOKEN ECONOMY MODEL
ECC, as the only pass of ecology, can effectively connect carbon
absorption(CDM), Carbon exchange, Carbon bank, ECC Human Forest
and partners in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.
Users can obtain ECC through various behaviors in the ecosystem. On the
one hand, it can more effectively support the development of carbon
cycle ecology. On the other hand, it can also obtain economic benefits.
For example, users can get a certain amount of ECC every time they use
clean energy in our ecosystem. This part of ECC can be transformed into
trees through ECC human forest project to support national greening
construction. It can also invest to carbon exchange carbon bank as
voucher for transaction. In the same way, users can get ECC by pulling
new users into our ecosystem. Or users can also directly obtain ECC by
planting trees in ECC human forest, and then enter our ecology.
Specific Cycle as picture:
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Our Pulling New Users Promotion Mechanism as picture：
There is no limit on the number of people when recommending friends
to buy ECC. Per user successfully recommending a new user, he can get a
10% direct reward of the recommended person's equal purchase amount,
according to the amount payment of the recommender. The recommender
can also get 10% of the division when pulling people to buy in future.
In order to maintain the sustainable development of ECC as a whole, the
following formula needs to be established, which will guarantee the
deflation of our whole ecosystem. The value of ECC will keep rising with
the continuous improvement of the ecology.
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2.5 Project Milestone Planning
The overall project has been started since July, 2019.
Have direction research to build up business target and confirm business
idea from July to August, 2019;
On October 2019, carry out market research to have a further deepening
of the business target;
Have building of website and homepage in October-November, 2019;
Start the development of purse and all kinds of application and refine the
business target in December, 2019;
Start to write white book and build up software development plan in
January-February, 2020;
Prepare the launching of exchange and complete the development of
ECO-IN purse as well as improving carbon credits and marketing

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schemes in March- May, 2020;
Launch the IEO of the token of the project and carry out product
certification award, starting the development of carbon trading system in
June, 2020;
Start to develop global carbon trading and develop world carbon bank
and environmental certification system in June-July, 2020;
The promotion of afforestation business in clean development, production
and distribution business promotion of clean fuel in July-September,
2020;
Have relevant carbon emission right security consultancy, production and
distribution of clean fuel for the enterprises in EU/Britain/China in
October-November, 2020;
Build up environmental certification system and construct P2P
environmental protection products shopping center in November, 2020;
Develop and complete world carbon bank system in December 2020;
Extend the sub-branches and participate in all kinds of international
seminar to have a further extension of greenhouse gas exchange in
January-April, 2021;
Sub-branches are extending and the ECC business are expanded in
May-August, 2021;
The upgrading of main network and the extension of sub-branch, the ECC
business expansion in September-December, 2021.

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III. Industry Situation
1 Introduction to Carbon Emission
On February 11, 2019, a 2019 global carbon emission report is
released by International Energy Agency. It is pointed in the report that
the global energy related carbon dioxide emissions remains the same in
2019 after two years of growth and the total carbon emissions is about 33
billion tons, but the world economy grows by 2.9% in 2019.
The performance comes from the enlarging role of renewable energy
(mainly wind and solar), reduction in emissions from power generation in
developed economies and fuel conversion from coal to natural gas and
higher nuclear power generation. Besides, mild weather in some
developed countries and slowing economic growth in some emerging
markets this year makes a steep decline of the carbon emission volume of
electricity sector in developed economies.
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Chart Global Carbon Emission Volume in 1990-2019
Developed economies’ emissions reductions in 2019 are roughly
offset by increased carbon emissions in other economies. Seen from the
chart above, the carbon emission volume in developed economies (EU,
America, Japan) still accounts for 1/3 of the sum in the world.
Seen from the global emission trend, the carbon emission volume in
the world is 200 million tons (Mt) reduced compared with that in 2018
with the reduction of 1.3%, which offsets the increase of the emission
volume of petroleum and natural gas. Developed economies reduce
emissions by 370 million tons (3.2%), and 85% of them comes from
electricity sector. Compared with 2018, there is milder weather in many
large economies in 2019, which composes great impact on the tendency
since it would reduce the emission volume of 150 million tons
approximately. It shall be also owed to the weak global economic growth

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and the increase in emissions of major emerging economies such as India
could be slowed down.
Chart: Carbon Emission Change in the Main Areas in the World in
2018-2019
The emission tendency in 2019 shows that the transform of clean
energy is undertaking with the leadership of electricity sector. The
emission volume of electricity sectors in the world is 170 million tons
reduced with the range of decrease of 1.2%. The biggest decrease is in
developed economies since the carbon dioxide emissions in these
countries are currently at levels of the late 1980s (electricity demand fell
by a third at the time). International Energy Agency thinks the solar
photovoltaic will further increase the proportion of renewable energy
power generation.
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Chart: IEA’s Prediction of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation in 2000-2030
Seen from the regional carbon emission tendency: in 2019, the
average economic growth rate in developed economies is 1.7%, but total
emission of energy related CO2 falls by 3.2%. The emission reduction in
electricity industry is in the leading position, accounting for 36% of the
sum of carbon emission. In 2019, the average carbon emission intensity
of electric power decreases by nearly 6.5%, which is three times faster
than the average in the past decade. Seen from the absolute value, the
average carbon emission intensity per kWh in 2019 is 340 grams of
carbon dioxide, which is lower than all other power plants except the
most efficient gas power plants.
In developed economies, coal-fired power plants have lost nearly 15%
of their power generation, which shall be mainly owed to sustainable
growth of renewable energy, conversion of coal to gas fuel, growth of
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nuclear energy and reduction of power demand. In 2019, the growth of
renewable power generation in developed economies has decreased 130
million tons of carbon emissions. The volume of the wind power
generation is the biggest, which is 12% increased than that in 2018. Solar
photovoltaic power generation is in the fastest growth, driving
renewable energy to account for nearly 28% of the total power
generation.
In developed economies, transfer from coal to gas power generation
reduces carbon emissions by 100 million tons. Especially in America. the
price of natural gas is the lowest in the history, so the emission reduction
of the transfer from coal to gas become more obvious. There is more than
50 million tons of nuclear power emission reduction in developed
economies, mainly Korea and Japan.
In 2019, the energy related carbon emissions in America are 4.8
billion tons, which is 140 million tons (2.9%) less than that in 2018, so it
is the highest reduction among all countries. Emissions in America have
fallen by nearly 100 million tons from their peak in 2000, and the country
reduces emissions the most in all countries. The 15% reduction of the
coal for power generation supports the overall decrease of emission in
America in 2019. Coal fired power plants face fiercer competition from
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natural gas power generation. The benchmark natural gas price is 45%
lower than the 2018 level on average. Therefore, the share taken by
natural gas in power generation increases to 37%, which breaks through
the record. The summer and winter in 2019 are mild, so the demand of air
conditioners and heating machines is reduced, so does the overall power
demand.
In 2019, energy related carbon emissions of the EU (including the UK)
are 290 million tons with a decrease of 160 million tons and 5% range
of decrease compared with 2018. With the leadership of power industry,
the emission is 120 million tons reduced with the 12% of range of
decrease due to the addition of renewable energy and the transform from
coal to gas. In 2019, the coal-fired power generation in EU has fallen by
more than 25%, while gas-fired power generation has increased by nearly
15%, surpassing coal for the first time. Germany is the first country to
reduce emission in the EU. In 2019, the annual emission is 620 million
with the decrease of 8%, which is the best level since the 1950s. While
the present economic scale in Germany is 10 times of that in that time.
Due to the decrease of power demand, the renewable energy, especially
wind power generation (increase of 11%), while the coal fired power
generation unit’s power generation decreased by more than 25% year on
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year. In 2019, the share of renewable energy in Germany exceeds 40%,
exceeding coal-fired power generation for the first time.
Britain: Because coal-fired power plants account for only 2% of total
power generation, the UK continues to vigorously develop
decarbonization. More projects are put into operation in the North Sea,
and offshore wind power production is expanding rapidly, which are
important triggers of emission reduction. In the country, renewable
energy provides about 40% of the electricity supply, and natural gas
supply is almost the same. The proportion of renewable energy would be
higher in the second half year. Wind, solar photovoltaic and other
energy sources generate more power than the sum of all fossil fuels in
the third quarter.
Japan: In 2019, energy related carbon emissions are decrease by
4.3% to be 1 billion and 300 million tons, which is the year with the
highest reduction since 2009. The decrease range of the emission of
electricity sector is the biggest since nuclear power production is 40%
increased for the recent resumption of nuclear power operations, so that
Japan could reduce the power generation from coal, gas and oil power
plants.
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Others: In 2019, the real carbon emissions out of the developed
economies increased by nearly 400 million tons, and 80% of them are
from Asia. The coal demand in the area is continuously expanding to take
up more than 5% of energy use, so there is about 10 billion tons of
emissions.
In China, the emission is increased but it is gentle since it is mainly
affected by the slow economic growth and the increase of low-carbon
energy output. The renewable energy is expanding in China and 2019 is
also the first full year of operation of seven large nuclear reactors in
China.
In India, the emission increase is mild in 2019 and the carbon
emission of electricity sector is reduced slightly because the power
demand is basically stable. The powerful increase of renewable energy
has caused the first decline in coal-fired power generation since 1973.
The fossil fuel demand continues to grow in others sectors of economy in
India, especially transportation sector, so as to offset the decrease of
electricity sector. Boosted by strong coal demand, the emission in
Southeast Asia is increasing rapidly. Generally speaking, there is small
population and less countries in developed economies, but the carbon
emission takes up 1/3 of the sum of the carbon emission in the world.
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Seen from the economic aggregate, per capita carbon emission, economic
capacity and other indicators, they shall be responsible for larger
emission reduction. China and India these two countries with huge
population and developing countries undertakes the major manufacturing
industries in the world and the carbon emission is increasing properly,
which shall be greatly contributed to the great development of renewable
energy in these two countries.
2 Situation of Global Carbon Trading Market
2.1 Background of Carbon Trading Market
Carbon trading means the emission right trading of all kinds of
greenhouse gases. It is a trading system created by United States to deal
with the climate change. Based on the carbon trading, it is derived with
financial derivatives related with the emission right, so as to push the
development of carbon financial market. The occurrence of carbon
trading market could be traced back to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) passed in the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development in June, 1992. In the
conference, more than 150 countries confirm it to be the development
target in the future that greenhouse gas content in the atmosphere shall be
stabilized at an appropriate level to prevent severe climate change from
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resulting in harm to human beings”. UNFCCC has been set up as a basic
framework of international cooperation to deal with the global climate
change and it has come to effect since March 21, 1994. Besides, there
would be conference of the parties (COP) annually. Until October 2009,
there have been 192 countries to pass the convention and there have been
total 15 conferences of the parties. Based on UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol
(1997), Marrakesh Agreement Document (2001) aiming to push the
implementation, Delhi Declaration (2002), Montreal Road Map for
Climate Change Control (2005), Bali Roadmap (2007) and other
agreements and plans have been formed. Among these, the Kyoto
Protocol coming to effect in 2005 is the most powerful. The protocol
innovatively introduces the marketing mechanism to solve the
optimization distribution of “global climate” such rare “public item”,
which makes a legally binding quantitative restriction on the specific
emission reduction tasks of Annex 1 countries in UNFCCC in 2008-2012.
2.2 Carbon Trading Mechanism and Executing Institution
To achieve the long-term development target of low-carbon economy,
all countries need to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases through
low-carbon technology. However, there is certain difficulties to require
developed countries to make another breakthrough with the current
emission reduction technology in the recent period. Therefore, under the

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situation with unmatured technical commercialization and huge pressure
of emission reduction, three supplementary “flexible mechanisms” are set
in Kyoto Protocol to help all countries to reduce the cost in achieving the
target of emission reduction, including emission trading mechanism (ET),
joint implementation mechanism (JI) and clean development mechanism
(CDM). These three mechanisms have contributed to the emergence of
the carbon trading mechanism including supply and demand cost, price
and other a series of influencing factors, so as to greatly push all economy
subjects to gain competition strength through innovative development
mode.
（One）Main content of “Flexible Mechanisms”
Emission trading mechanism means a trading in the appendix 1 of
UNFCCC, Assigned Amount Units (AAUs) among countries. The
so-called AAUs is the initial emission quota that can be allocated to the
countries according to their promises in Kyoto Protocol. Joint
implementation mechanism means an investment between countries (with
emission limits) on projects with emission reduction technologies and
emission reduction units (ERUs) as carriers. The investors could offset its
emission mission if the project reaches the requirement of emission
reduction with authentication. Clean development mechanism is similar
with the joint implementation mechanism, but the trading parties are only
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involved with the countries in appendix 1 and the countries out of
appendix 1 (mainly the developing countries) and they have trading with
the certified emission reductions (CERs) as objective. The governments
of developed countries or private economic entity could gain the CERs by
purchasing or carrying out investment on greenhouse gas emission
reduction project in developing countries, so as to offset the emission
reduction obligation of the country. The three “flexible mechanisms” set
in Kyoto Protocol enable the emission reduction of greenhouse gases, the
invisible commodities, to be sold in the market with market mechanism,
which lays a foundation for the development of carbon trading market. In
the protocol, the contracting parties may adjust their emission constraints
in accordance with their own economic development needs. They could
reduce the cost of direct emission reduction by purchasing AAUS or
requiring ERUs from another country in the appendix 1 or purchasing
CERs from developing countries this emission right quota when they find
that there is too expensive to achieve the fixed emission reduction quota.
The design of “flexible mechanisms” would not only promote the such
rare resource as carbon emission right to be optimally allocated around
the world, and it also fix the contradiction between high growth and low
pollution and energy consumption in economic development, so that the
whole society could be built with the basis of balance and sustainability.
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（Two）Relevant system and executing institution of carbon trading
market
1 UN international transaction log (IIL). IL is a central system of
global carbon trading registration. It links with the registration systems in
all countries with the EU emission trading system (CIL) as a recorder of
the release, transfer and cancellation of the emission right quota of all
countries (AAUs, CERs, etc.) to make sure that the emission units could
be transferred safely among countries.
2 National registration system. It is stipulated in Kyoto Protocol that
each contracting party must set up a national registration system to record
the emission quota, transfer and transaction in the country and the
domestic economic entities. At the same time, it is mutually linked
between the national registration system and UN international transaction
log for the convenience of the later to monitor the quota transfer among
all registration systems.
3 Joint implementation supervision committee (JISC). As a committee
to undertake the joint implementation of project. All projects must be
reviewed by JISC. The contracting meeting the qualification and
requirement could have transfer and purchase of ERUs with simpler
procedures; while the contracting parties not meeting the requirement
shall have a further inspection procedure before the implementation.
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4 CDM executive board, (CDM EB). As a management center of
CDM in the world, CDM EB is responsible for stipulating policies,
registering projects, commissioning operating entity and approval and
issuing CERs, etc. The countries with the emission limits could invest
feasible CDM projects in developing countries and then the limits could
be offset when they register and gain the CERs issued by CDM EB.
2.3 International Carbon Trading Market System
(One) Market structure of international carbon trading market
According to the trading types, international carbon trading market
could be divided into the quota-based market and the project-based
market. 1. Quota-based market, this market is based on “limitation and
trading” mechanism, which means administrator stipulates the cap on
total greenhouse gas emissions in all regions and the members would be
distributed according to the quota with the restriction of mandatory
regulations. Under certain trading regulations, members could have
trading with other members with their own quota according to the
emission reduction cost, so as to reach the emission requirement with the
lowest cost through market trading means, which takes good care of the
environmental performance and the flexibility of trading. By far, there are
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three levels in the quota-based market. First is the ET set in Kyoto
Protocol. All members have AAUs trading according to their emission
situation based on their promises. Second is the equal quota emission
market set by other countries out of the Kyoto Protocol, such as UK.
Third is a series of carbon trading market with voluntary trading set by
some international organizations, countries and enterprises. 2.
Project-based market, the market is adopted with the principle of
“benchmark and credit”. Buyers could can purchase the emission
reduction credit transaction amount from the project that has confirmed
the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. It means that the countries or
enterprises with emission quota limits provide capital, technology and
device support to developing countries through project investment (such
as projects below the baseline emission level or carbon sink projects) to
purchase certified greenhouse gas emission reduction list generated by a
project, so as to offset the emission reduction task in the protocol. The
market mainly includes joint implementation mechanism and clean
development mechanism. According to the classification of international
emission trading, CDM grade one market means the direct trading market
that developed countries purchase CERs from developing countries;
CDM grade two market means the trading market derived for such
emissions derivatives. CDM trading should be a forward transaction in
essence. The project has not been running when both parties sign the
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contract. After signing the contract, both parties agree to purchase a
certain amount of carbon emission trading rights at a certain price at a
certain time in the future. Since the first social responsibility investment
fund was founded in 1970s, the financial tools promoting the sustainable
development of society have been innovated. Now, the idea successfully
matches the CDM grade two market, so there comes a carbon investment
fund. Beside setting grade one market in Kyoto Protocol, they build up a
carbon financial market with large capital scale and not limited by
international treaties, and they have huge harvest from the investment on
the grade two market of environmental project, which has been exceeding
the expectation set in the beginning of the protocol.
(Two) Participants of international carbon trading market
The participants of international carbon trading market could be
divided into suppliers, end users and brokers these three types. And it is
also involved with the enterprises or countries with or without emission
limits, developers of emission reduction projects, consultancies and
financial institutions, etc. The suppliers could be divided into two types.
First is the counties or economic individual with emission limits but their
initial quota is redundant, so they could sell out the redundant quota
through ET, JI or other voluntary or reluctant market. Second is the
economic entities without emission limits. They could gain economic

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profit by selling certified emissions reductions to countries or
intermediaries with excessive emissions. The end users of emission right
means the economic entities facing with emission limits and the
participants of voluntary trading mechanism. They could purchase the
emission right quota or emission reduction units according to demand to
prevent punishment. Since the certified emission reduction units could
enter into the trading of grade market, so it would push the development
of project markets invisibly and it would be attractive to vast of
enterprises and brokers. In the brokers of grade market, financial
organizations play a critical role in improving market liquidity, enriching
product mix and providing hedging tools. For example, the carbon
financial unit (CFU) in world bank running within the framework of
DCM and II deems the carbon finance as a financial solution to climate
change. The service target is to reduce the cost of trading, so as to support
the sustainable development of society and it would benefit the
developing countries. The professional organization of UN, international
financial company (FC), mainly provides multilateral loans and equity
financing for private sector projects in developing countries.
(Three) Trading tools of international carbon trading
Currently, forward and options related with emission are the most
important trading tools in the carbon trading markets at all grades. The
- 34 -
ET market set in Kyoto Protocol mainly engages in the actuals, forward
and option trading of AAUs. The main trading objective of EU ETS is the
actuals, forward and option trading of EUAs; J market is for the trading
of ERUs-related products. The main product of grade one and two CDM
market is related with CERS. The voluntary market is for self-defined
quotas and VERs-related products. All of these products are the same in
emission reduction and their unit is “tons of carbon dioxide equivalent”.
Besides the basic products mentioned above, carbon credit would show
different characteristics of financial derivatives in various markets. These
derived tools are hedging and arbitrage for suppliers and demanders in
carbon emission right. By far, the main carbon financial derivatives are
insurance, guarantee, factoring, delivery guarantee of carbon emission
rights, monetization of carbon emission rights receivable and arbitrage
trading tools. The global trading of greenhouse gases emission right has
formed a special carbon financial market, including markets, institutions,
products, services and other factors. Due to the guiding position of carbon
trading market in the entire low-carbon economy and the huge potential
and strategic significance of carbon finance, many countries are actively
preparing the carbon trading system in their own countries. The carbon
market is a huge promoter for the optimization upgrading of real
economy.
- 35 -
2.4 Development of International Carbon Trading Market
(One) Overall scale of international carbon trading market
As an emerging commodity trading market, global carbon trading
market began to take shape in 2003 with rapid development status. In the
recent years, there has been a substantial growth in the volume and turn
volume of carbon. According to the data of world bank, the total trading
volume of global carbon market reaches 48. 1.1 billion tons in 2008,
which is better than the 704 million tons in 2005, increasing by 583%. In
2008, the sum of carbon market in the world reaches 126 billion 345
million dollars, which is better than the 10 billion 990 million dollars in
2005, increasing by 1049%. Currently, carbon trading market has been
the most potential commodity trading market in the world.
Two) Details of international carbon trading market
Seen from market structure, there have been three characters in the
global carbon trading structure since 2004. Firstly, the volume in
quota-based market based on EU ETS is higher than that in the
project-based market based on CDM. Secondly, EU ETS is the biggest
one in the emission trading system, and the volume and turn volume are
higher than those in other institution. Thirdly, the volume has been in
exponential growth since the CDM grade two market has been carried out,
- 36 -
from the 25 million tons in 2006 to 240 million tons in 2007 and to 1
billion 72 million tons in 2008. It could be found from the future analysis
of the global carbon trading market in 2008 that the turn volume of
quota-based market has been dominant in the sum of the market in 2008
with the volume of trade of 92 billion 859 million dollars, accounting for
the 7349% of the total volume in the market. The trading amount of
project-based market is 3348.6 billion dollars, accounting for 26.51% of
the total trading amount. Compared with that of 2007, the two
atmospheres are highlighted in the carbon trading market in 2008. Firstly,
the grade two market engaging in the actuals and forward trading of
CERs with the basis of CDM is in a rapid development and the trading
amount of the market is 26 billion 277 million in 2008, which is nearly
five times of that in 2007. Secondly, regional emission reduction initiative
(RGGD) in America and emission right trading market (AAUs) have been
developed and grown gradually from zero.
(Three) Price change of international carbon market
The demand and supply of global carbon trading market decides the
price of carbon trading, and it is also affected by so many factors, such as
international system, economic environment and whether all countries
take cooperative measures or not. By far, carbon trading market mainly
completes the trading with forward contract. There are two ways to
- 37 -
formulate the price. First is the fixed pricing, which means to deliver
carbon emission rights at agreed price in the future. Second is the floating
pricing, which means to attach the floating price linked to the quota price
based on the lowest price. When the emission reduction cost is higher
than the price of all kinds of emission reduction units, the economic
entities with the emission limits would actively purchase emission
reduction units in grade market, or participating in CDM and carrying
trading through the form of investment to mee the requirement.
Meanwhile, brokers would also enter the market for the short-term
arbitrage, and they would have trading positively to gain for the price
difference. The dealers would gain much more economic profits when the
price differences would be larger, and the demanding volume of all kinds
of emission reduction units would be increased. In a word, the price of
emission right price in carbon trading market has been increasing in the
past few years. The price of the main objective of EU ETS, EUAs, has
been stabilized between 20 and 30 dollar per tons since 20005; however,
according to the latest data, the price of EUAs declines since September
2008 and it falls below $15 / ton in February 2009, which should be owed
to the less production activity in all economic subjects for the
international financial crisis, so the demand of emission right index
would be reduced accordingly. At the same time, a lot of brokers for
short-term arbitrage sell out the EUAs, so the market price has been
- 38 -
lower and lower. In the project-based market, the price shows an overall
upward trend. The price of ERUs in grade one market of CDM, CERs
and II market has been in a tendency of increase since 2005. Since 2006,
the price of CER in grade two market of CDM is about 17-30 dollars per
ton. It should be noted that there is a price convergence between EUAs
and CERs gradually when the CDM is docked with EU ETS in 2008. In
the post-crisis era, the trading volume of the global carbon trading market
in 2009 has gradually stabilized after the continuous decline at the end of
2008, but the price is still lower.
IV.Advantages of the Project
1 Effectively Solve the Reliability Problem of Escrow
The third-party custody (ESCROW) means the buyer pays the
payment to a third party other than the buyer and the seller, and the third
party would notify the buyer that it has received the payment for goods
after and inform the seller to delivery goods after receiving the payment,
then the seller could deliver the goods to buyer; the third party would
transfer the payment to seller once it is notified by the buyer that it is
satisfied with the goods delivered by seller. As for exporters, there would
be certain protection in receiving payment for the participation of the
third party; however, the payment of the third party depends on the proof
- 39 -
of the importer’s satisfaction with the goods, so it is restricted by
importer to some extent. As for cost, the fee of ESCROW would be very
high. Seen from the current situation, it should be 0.85%-6%, so the
inexpensive goods would be so expensive and the expenditure would be
negotiated by the buyer and the seller.
While our ECC would set and run legal person company in financial
field, so as to increase trust through legal person. Then, the trust can be
increased by attracting investment to expand the assets and expand the
retained assets. Finally, bookkeeping is used for transaction inflow and
withdrawal of assets, and procedural operation is promoted to avoid
withdrawal problems.
2 Efficient Settlement and Low Cost
After Kyoto Protocol coming to effect, the global carbon trading
market is in a rapid expansion. The carbon trading volume has been
increasing from 1.6 billion tons in 2006. According to the prediction of
UN world bank, the carbon trading market would surpass petroleum
market to be the first market in the world. It is just a matter of time for
carbon emission right to be a bulk commodity in the world.
The current currency is inconvenient in international trading since the
large transactions are largely controlled by the US and there is high fees.
Hence, we would make settlement with the cryptocurrency ECC based on

- 40 -
blockchain to have a free trading of carbon emission right. It also
supports the rapid charging and transfer. The operation cost of trading
commission is close to zero.
3 Effectively Solve the Issue of Carbon Emission Right
There are some common problems in carbon emission. 1. Carbon
verification market is in short supply and the verification ability is
verified. The verification mission shall be completed in time. The current
verification institutions and verification personnel are insufficient and the
ability are verified. At the same time, there are differences in experience
and sense of responsibility between different verification agencies and
different inspectors in the same verification agency, so it would affect the
correctness and equality of the verification. 2. Carbon verification
guidance is imperfect and the standard is not unified. The industry
division in the present verification guidance does not meet the actual
situation of enterprises, and the calculation formula and actual process
flow of enterprises are unmatched. It is difficult for some enterprises to
meet the requirements of carbon emission calculation formula in the
guidelines, or the measurement method is inconsistent with the
requirements of the guidelines. 3. The fee source of carbon verification is
unclear and the verification independence is hard to ensured. By far, the
verification fee for the historic emission of enterprises are paid by local
- 41 -
finance; while the verification fee for the annual emission of enterprises
are paid by local finance or the enterprises themselves. The independence
of the institutions shall be maintained to some extent if it is paid by local
finance; while those paid by enterprises would affect the independence
and the equality of the results. The verification institutions are selected by
government procurement or bidding. The cost review mechanism has not
yet been established, and the benchmark for fee collection is not
systematic, so it is apt to occur rent-seeking. 4. The supervision system of
carbon verification is imperfect and the verification industry association
has not been found. the supervision and management of the verification
institutions are specified is clarified in the relevant measures for the
management of the third-party verification institutions of Chinese carbon
trading, but the department obligation has not been clarified and it is
roughly emphasized that it shall be undertaken by National Development
and Reform Commission and relevant departments. The regulatory
system of third-party carbon verification institutions is not perfect, and
verification institutions of different scales are flooding the market. There
has been no relevant qualification consultation or certification standards,
so it is impossible to distinguish the verification ability and market credit
of the verification institutions through qualification; meanwhile, there is
also lack of industry association to make up the supervision system. 5.
The legislation of carbon trading shall be enhanced and the legal system
- 42 -
shall be united. The existing legal documents are in weak legal effect.
And the legal system of the pilot areas has not yet risen to the national
level and reality of non-pilot areas and other regions has been out of the
consideration, so that the cross-regional practice and reexamination of
verification institutions are restricted to affect the smooth starting of
carbon market.
While our ECC would work with UN affiliated organizations,
governments and related enterprises to positively carry out publicity and
marketing to improve the population of participants. Besides, our carbon
emission right trading is based on trading among enterprises. With the
credible system and public guarantee, we would really promote the
transactions and commissioned sales among the parties by working with
marketing these advance measures, so as to effectively solve all kinds of
difficulties in traditional carbon emission.
4 Strong Technical Support
We have a development team with powerful technology. Led by vice
president of Software Industry Association, the development team has
participated in the blockchain project in Korean government and we have
applied blockchain to commercial use. The core team has developed
multiple blockchain platforms and the team has gone through the whole
process of the blockchain products.

- 43 -
In the specific business plate:
In world carbon exchange, ERC20 is used as the token of operation in
the early period and the main network is developed. When the main
network is launched, there would be a switch, so that there would be
purposeful solution to the exclusive problems in our trading and there is
insurance in stability.
In world carbon bank, it would be strictly required according to the
standard of traditional financial institutions and services, so as to build up
a carbon bank system with charging and withdrawal based on the
blockchain technology and the skeleton of traditional bank system, which
would make users feel good in the sense of experience and stability.
- 44 -
V. Introduction to the Team
Jong Hyun, Kim
Professional Career
-Distekcom（Now Bangrim Digital）
Chief Executive Officer
- Vice President of Korea Software
Industry Association
- Chief Executive Officer of CP
Asset
Responsible for
-ECC founder
-Planning and development of SI,
blockchain
-Development and service of special
materials
- 45 -
Yoon Mi, Jang
Professional Career
-ECC Sponsor
-Planning and design of ECC platform
Responsible for
-ECC platform management
Seung Woo, Ha
Professional Career
-Chief Executive Officer of K-Pub TV
- Chief Executive Officer of KT Olleh
PUB
-Founder of Cosette blockchain
platform
Responsible for
-Blockchain planning
-Design, marketing
- 46 -
-Business development
Shee Ihnn, Kim
Professional Career
-LG Telecom，KEB Technology
- Forward link
-Local government development
currency in South Korea
- Develop blockchain system and activate
products
Responsible for
-Development of ECC platform core
Sung-ill, Hwang
Professional Career
-Maxon Electronics ， LG information and
communication
-Korea Institute of Electronic Components
-Chief Executive Officer of Maxpo

- 47 -
-Development of omnipresent sensor network
system
-USN middleware supports various databases
-Expert of software development
Responsible for
-New technology of ECC platform, business
development
Jong Gu, Park
Professional Career
- Business Director of Hansol CS Club
- Chief Executive Officer of CS Club
Korea
Responsible for
-Marketing and accounting of ECC platform
- 48 -
IV. Token Use and Distribution
Carbon trading media cryptocurrency ECC Coin
ERC 20 token in the early period

Total Issue: 1 billion 200 million
Have investment in cryptocurrency to the enterprises to protect and
greenhouse gases emission reduction (Investment attraction -Exchange
cash in the trading if necessary)
Marketing & Business: 1 billion 200 million (accounting for 10%)
Sales: 3 billion 600 million (accounting for 30%)
Technology development: 2 billion 400 million (accounting for 20%)
Founder & team: 2 billion 400 million (accounting for 20%)
Partners & Consultants: 1 billion 200 million (accounting for 10%)
Reserve: 1 billion 200 million (accounting for 10%)
The proceeds from the sale of tokens shall be used as follows:

- 49 -
• Development and security: ECC will be used by millions of users in the
world, so we need to prepare to expand to the correspondent grade. Along
with the popularity of the platform and the enrichment of data, the
security means so much to protect the data security of users. Hence, it is a
top priority to provide phase services globally and ensure their full
security.
•Marketing and promoting: As a comprehensive profitable ecology
platform, ECC has a great overlap with the existing platforms and other
members. The short-term massive drainage could equip ECC with a rapid
growth, so the marketing and publicity are very important. There are
teams and expert consultants with abundant experience in the world.
Besides, there are vast of publicity resource and partnership, and there
would be a large number of preferential policies for the platform’s initial
drainage promotion. The online and offline marketing and publicity also
needs to invest capital.
•Operation: We need to purchase much more equipment, investment
talent and technology to pay running cost. Along with our expansion, our
fixed cost would be increased.
•Team: To rapidly expand and carry out work, our team needs not only
talents in our headquarters, but also more talents in different regions of
the world, so we should enhance the current team and have further
expansion. The fund will be used to pay bonuses to hard-working teams

- 50 -
that bring the platform to this level.
•Legal practice: To introduce ECC into blockchain and obey all
legislation aspect, we cooperate with the top legal consultancy within the
industry. One part of fund will be used for the objective to maintain the
perfection of all legislation arrangement.
•Reserve fund: The fund will be saved as reserve and the value would be
added through smart investment. It would be taken out for use when
necessary.
VII. Disclaimer
Except as expressly stated in this white book, the ECOIN CDM platform
team is not and hereby denying any representation or warranty made by
ECC (in particular its merchantability and specific features). Anyone who
participates in ECC’s token sales plan and purchase of ECC is based on
their own knowledge of the ECOIN CDM Platform and the information
in this white book. Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing,
all participants will accept ECC as the current situation after the start of
the ECOIN CDM platform, regardless of its technical specifications,
parameters, performance or functions.
The ECOIN CDM platform team hereby expressly disclaims and refuses
to assume the following responsibilities：
- 51 -
（1） Anyone who purchases ECC in violation of anti-money laundering,
anti-terrorist financing or other regulatory requirements of any country；
（2） Any person who violates any representation, warranty, obligation,
commitment or other requirement set forth in this white book when
purchasing ECC, resulting in non-payment or non-withdrawal of ECC;
（3） ECC’s token sales plan is abandoned for any reason;
（ 4 ） The failure or abandonment of the development of the ECOIN
CDM Platform resulting in inability to deliver the ECC;
（5）Delays in the development of the ECOIN CDM platform resulting in
inability to meet the schedule for prior disclosure;
（ 6 ） Errors, flaws, defects or other problems in the source code of
ECOIN CDM platform;
（7）Failure, collapse, paralysis, rollback or hard fork of the mainstream
public chain on which the ECOIN CDM platform depends;
（ 8 ） ECOIN CDM platform or ECC fails to achieve any specific
function or is not suitable for any specific purpose;
（9） Use of funds raised from token sales；
（ 10 ） Failure to disclose development information in a timely and
complete manner；
（11） Any participant divulges, loses or destroys the private key of the
wallet of digital cryptocurrency or token (especially the private key of the
wallet of ECOIN CDM platform used by him/her)；

- 52 -
（12）Breach, violation, infringement, collapse, paralysis, termination or
suspension of services, fraud, mis-operation, misconduct, error,
negligence, bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution or closure of ECC’s third
party platform or trading platform；
（ 13 ） There are differences, conflicts or contradictions between the
agreed content between anyone and the third-party platform and the
content of this white book；
（14） Anyone’s trading or speculation in ECC；
（15）Listing or delisting of ECC on any exchange；
（16）ECC is classified or regarded as a currency, security, commercial
paper, negotiable instrument, investment product or other thing by any
government, quasi government agency, competent authority or public
institution, so that it is prohibited, regulated or restricted by law;
（17）Any project issued by any person on the ECOIN CDM platform,
including its legality, compliance, internal use of the project, project
objectives, project issuer and team as well as the associated risk factors,
resulting in or incidental to damages, losses, claims, liabilities, penalties,
costs or other adverse effects;
（18）Any risk factors disclosed in this white book, and damages, losses,
claims, liabilities, penalties, costs or other adverse effects related to,
resulting in or incidental to such risk factors.
- 53 -

White Paper: ECOIN CDM Platform

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White Paper: ECOIN CDM Platform

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ECC White Paper

ECOIN CDM Platform

ECOIN CDM Platform Founding Team

March 10, 2020

ECOIN CDM Platform

1.1 Clean Development...............................................................- 3 -

1.2 World Carbon Exchange....................................................... - 4 -

1.3 World Carbon Bank...............................................................- 4 -

1.4 ECC Human Forest Is A Game Based on Application Software- 4 -

II. Project Introduction............................................................................ - 5 -

2.1 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).............................. - 7 -

2.2 World Carbon Exchange（WCEX）and World Carbon Bank

2.3 ECC Human Forest............................................................. - 11 -

2.4 ECC TOKEN ECONOMY MODEL..................................- 14 -

2.5 Project Milestone Planning....................................................... - 16 -

III. Industry Situation...................................................................... - 18 -

1 Introduction to Carbon Emission...........................................- 18 -

Chart: IEA’s Prediction of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation in

2 Situation of Global Carbon Trading Market................................- 26 -

2.1 Background of Carbon Trading Market..............................- 26 -

2.2 Carbon Trading Mechanism and Executing Institution......- 27 -

2.3 International Carbon Trading Market System.................... - 31 -

2.4 Development of International Carbon Trading Market......- 36 -

1 Effectively Solve the Reliability Problem of Escrow............- 39 -

2 Efficient Settlement and Low Cost........................................ - 40 -

3 Effectively Solve the Issue of Carbon Emission Right......... - 41 -

4 Strong Technical Support.......................................................- 43 -

V. Introduction to the Team.............................................................- 45 -

IV. Token Use and Distribution.......................................................- 49 -

ECC is a P2P exchange design service provider of environmental

assets based on blockchain technology to promote the field of carbon

emission, carbon energy bank, clean energy production and circulation. It

realizes the large-scale afforestation and greenhouse gas emission

mechanism (CDM) promoted by UNFCCC. It is divided into clean

development mechanism (CDM), carbon exchange and carbon bank as

well as ECC Human Forest these several plates.

1.1 Clean Development

Clean development mechanism includes the carbon base, carbon

emission exchange, clean development equipment business and the

Bank (WCBE) and World Carbon Exchange (WCEX). The carbon

so as to have a better production and distribution of carbon credits and

clean fuel smoothly.

World carbon exchange is integrated with the carbon emission

trading of governments and enterprises of all countries, which contains

the entrustment of carbon trading and P2P transaction, so as to build up

an environmental assets processing center.

1.3 World Carbon Bank

World carbon bank is a project to take in charge of the field of

carbon emission, proceeding fund replenishment, storage and

productization of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),

hydrofluorocarbons (PFCs), super-fluorocarbons (N2O), nitrous oxide

1.4 ECC Human Forest Is A Game Based on Application

Meanwhile, the virtual plantation planted in Human Forest would be

 Effectively Solve the Reliability Problem of Escrow。

 Efficient Settlement and Low Cost。

 Effectively Solve the Issue of Carbon Emission Right。

 Strong Technical Support。

II. Project Introduction

In essence, blockchain achieves the credible circulation of value

through a technology system formed by multiple technologies and the

mutual cooperation among technologies, so it must be deeply integrated

with real economy to fulfill its value. The application of blockchain