Pang-abay na panang-ayon
(The
In Filipino, adverbs that express affirmation or agreement about the action expressed
by a verb, about the quality expressed by an adjective, or about another adverb are
called pang-abay na panang-ayon. The word ayon or sang-ayon means agreeable.
Examples of pang-abay na panang-ayon are listed below.
 oo, opo, oho (yes)
 sige (okay, all right)
 talaga (really, surely, certainly)
 tunay (really, truly, actually)
 tiyak (surely, definitely, certainly)
 walang duda (undoubtedly)
 sigurado (surely, undoubtedly)
 siyempre (of course, naturally, certainly)
 siyanga (of course, indeed)
Here are some examples of sentences in Filipino with pang-abay na panang-ayon.
The pang-abay is in boldface and the underlined word (verb, adjective, or adverb) is
the word that it modifies.
1. Siguradong gagantimpalaan ang pinakamagaling na mang-aawit sa
paligsahan. (The adverb sigurado modifies the verb gagantimpalaan.)
2. Walang dudang hinahanap na ng mga pulis ang suspek. (The
adverb walang duda modifies the verb hinahanap.)
3. Oo, kahanga-hanga ang talento nila sa pagsayaw. (The adverb oo modifies
the adjective kahanga-hanga.)
4. Tunay na magaling na manunulat ang kaibigan ko. (The
adverb tunay modifies the adjective magaling.)
5. Talagang mabilis lalago ang negosyo ninyo kung magsusumikap kayo.
(The adverb talaga modifies the adverb mabilis. Note that the
word mabilis in this sentence acts as an adverb because it modifies the
verb lalago.)
Pang-abay na pananggi
In Filipino, adverbs that express denial or refusal of the action expressed by a verb,
the quality expressed by an adjective, or another adverb are called pang-abay na
pananggi. Some of these adverbs also indicate negation of or opposition to the verb,
adjective, or another adverb. The word tanggi is a noun that means refusal to
give or denial. Examples of pang-abay na pananggi are listed below. These words
are variations of no, not, do not, or does not.
 hindi, ‘di
 ayaw
 wala
 huwag
Here are some examples of sentences in Filipino with pang-abay na pananggi.
The pang-abay is in boldface and the underlined word (verb, adjective, or adverb) is
the word that it modifies.
1. Huwag tularan ang mga taong lumalabag sa batas.
adverb huwag modifies the verb tularan.)
2. Hindi mabuti ang mag-aksaya ng tubig. (The adverb hindi modifies the
adjective mabuti.)
3. Ayaw niyang sumagot sa mga text messages ko. (The
adverb ayaw modifies the verb sumagot.)
Pang-abay na pang-agam
In Filipino, adverbs that express doubt or uncertainty about the action expressed by a
verb, about the quality expressed by an adjective, or about another adverb are
called pang-abay na pang-agam. The word agam is a noun which means doubt.
Examples of pang-abay na pang-agam are listed below.
 marahil (perhaps, probably, likely, possibly)
 baka (maybe, perhaps)
 tila (it seems, it appears that)
 siguro (maybe, perhaps)
 yata (maybe, it seems)
Here are some examples of sentences in Filipino with pang-abay na pang-agam.
The pang-abay is in boldface and the underlined word (verb, adjective, or adverb) is
the word that it modifies.
1. Tila lalakas pa ang buhos ng ulan. (The adverb tila modifies the
verb lalakas.)
2. Marahil magandang balita ang hatid ni Jose dahil nakangiti siya. (The
adverb marahil modifies the adjective maganda.)
3. Baka bukas na mag-uumpisa ang intramurals sa paaralan. (The
adverb bakamodifies the adverb bukas.)
4. Siguro malakas kumain ang batang iyan! (The adverb siguro modifies the
adverb malakas. Note that the word malakas in this sentence acts as an
adverb because it modifies the verb kumain.)
The three degrees of comparison (kaantasan ng pang-uri) of Filipino adjectives
are lantay (positive degree), pahambing (comparative degree),
and pasukdol (superlative degree).
LANTAY (Positive degree)
The Filipino adjectives that are lantay denote a characteristic or property of a noun
or pronoun. Examples of these adjectives are maganda, maliit, puro, mahaba,
dilaw, luma, etc. For some adjectives, if the noun is plural, the first syllable of the
root word is repeated (magaganda, maliliit, mahahaba, etc.).
PAHAMBING (Comparative degree)
The Filipino adjectives that are pahambing indicate that the noun or pronoun
possesses the characteristic or property in a greater degree than another noun or
pronoun. Two objects or persons are being compared here. The degree of
comparison pahambing is classified into two types: paghahambing na
patulad and paghahambing na di-patulad.
Paghahambing na patulad
In paghahambing na patulad, the two objects (or persons) being compared possess
the property in the same degree. One is neither better nor worse than the other.
In paghahambing na patulad, the following prefixes (unlapi) are used:
1. magka-
2. magsing- / magsin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or
t) / magsim- (for root words that begin with b or p)
3. magkasing- / magkasin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or
t) / magkasim- (for root words that begin with b or p)
4. kasing- / kasin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or t) / kasim- (for
root words that begin with b or p)
5. sing- / sin- (for root words that begin with d, l, r, s, or t) / sim- (for root
words that begin with b or p)
6. ga- : This unlapi is used to indicate that an object has the same size as the
word attached to the prefix ga-.  Examples are gabutil (as small as a grain
or kernel) and gabundok (as big as a mountain).
PASUKDOL (Superlative degree)
Filipino adjectives that are pasukdol may be made by the following:
1.  Adding the prefixes (unlapi) pinaka- or  napaka-: pinakamaganda,
napakalaki
2.  Repeating the pang-uri: matalinong-matalino, payat na payat
3.  Adding the words kay or ang before the repeated pang-uri:
      Kay ganda-ganda ng mga bulaklak!
      Ang baho-baho ng basura sa labas!
4.  Adding the prefix pagka- to a repeated pang-uri: pagkabangu-bango,
pagkaliit-liit
5.  Using the following words before the pang-uri: ubod nang, saksakan nang,
sukdulan nang, tunay na, talagang, hari ng, etc.
 
Adjectives or adjective phrases are used to describe nouns (pangngalan) or
pronouns (panghalip) in a sentence. An adverb (pang-abay) describes or modifies a
verb, an adjective, or another adverb. 

Paghahambing na di-patulad
In paghahambing na di-patulad, one of the objects or persons being compared The three main types of Filipino adjectives which are pang-uring
possesses more or less of the quality or property. One is better or worse than the panlarawan (descriptive adjective), pang-uring pantangi (proper adjective),
other.
and pang-uring pamilang (numeral adjective). There are also six types ofpang-
Pahambing na palamang (paghahambing na di-patulad) uring pamilang described here. A gave a few examples for each type.
When the noun or pronoun (usually the subject of the sentence) being described by
the pang-uri possesses MORE of a quality, the comparison is described to
be palamang or pahambing na palamang. The words used with Filipino adjectives
to indicate pahambing na palamang are the following:
1. higit na…kaysa
2. lalo/lalong…kaysa
3. mas…kaysa
4. di-hamak na…kaysa
5. lubha/lubhang…kaysa

Pahambing na pasahol (paghahambing na di-patulad)

When the noun or pronoun (usually the subject of the sentence) being described by
the pang-uri possesses LESS of a quality, the comparison is described to
be pasahol or pahambing na pasahol. The words used with Filipino adjectives to
indicate pahambing na palamang are the following:
1. di-gaano/di-gaanong…na gaya/na tulad
2. di-lubha/di-lubhang…na gaya/na tulad
3. di-gasino/di-gasinong…na gaya/na tulad
4. di-masyado/di-masyadong…na gaya/na tulad